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Liu Y, Li Y, Hang Y, Wang L, Wang J, Bao N, Kim Y, Jang HW. Rapid assays of SARS-CoV-2 virus and noble biosensors by nanomaterials. NANO CONVERGENCE 2024; 11:2. [PMID: 38190075 PMCID: PMC10774473 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-023-00408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 has spread rapidly across the world to form a global epidemic of respiratory infectious diseases. Increased investigations on diagnostic tools are currently implemented to assist rapid identification of the virus because mass and rapid diagnosis might be the best way to prevent the outbreak of the virus. This critical review discusses the detection principles, fabrication techniques, and applications on the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 with three categories: rapid nuclear acid augmentation test, rapid immunoassay test and biosensors. Special efforts were put on enhancement of nanomaterials on biosensors for rapid, sensitive, and low-cost diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Future developments are suggested regarding potential candidates in hospitals, clinics and laboratories for control and prevention of large-scale epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- NantongEgens Biotechnology Co., LTD, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilong Li
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuteng Hang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- NantongEgens Biotechnology Co., LTD, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ning Bao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Youngeun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang H, Zhang C, Wang Z, Cao W, Yu M, Sun Y. Antibody- and aptamer-free SERS substrate for ultrasensitive and anti-interference detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in untreated saliva. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115457. [PMID: 37321043 PMCID: PMC10247595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and anti-interference detection of targeted signal(s) in body fluids is one of the paramount tasks in biosensing. Overcoming the complication and high cost of antibody/aptamer-modification, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based on antibody/aptamer-free (AAF) substrates has shown great promise, yet with rather limited detection sensitivity. Herein, we report ultrasensitive and anti-interference detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in untreated saliva by an AAF SERS substrate, applying the evanescent field induced by the high-order waveguide modes of well-defined nanorods for SERS for the first time. A detection limit of 3.6 × 10-17 M and 1.6 × 10-16 M are obtained in phosphate buffered saline and untreated saliva, respectively; the detection limits are three orders of magnitude improved than the best records from AAF substrates. This work unlocks an exciting path to design AAF SERS substrates for ultrasensitive biosensing, not limited to detection of viral antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilonɡjianɡ, PR China
| | - Chenggang Zhang
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilonɡjianɡ, PR China
| | - Zhaotong Wang
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilonɡjianɡ, PR China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilonɡjianɡ, PR China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilonɡjianɡ, PR China.
| | - Ye Sun
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilonɡjianɡ, PR China.
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Mak GCK, Lau SSY, Wong KKY, Lau CS, Ng KHL, Lam ETK, Chan RCW. Analytical sensitivity of the Rapid Antigen Test kits for detection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant BA.2 sub-lineage. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5033-5037. [PMID: 35656593 PMCID: PMC9347738 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Omicron was classified as a variant of concern in November 2021. The sublineage BA.2 spreads rapidly worldwide. Currently, there is a lack of data for the parallel comparison of Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) Kits to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron BA.2. We evaluated the analytical sensitivity of 12 RAT kits to detect Omicron BA.2 in the present study. Analytical sensitivity was determined by means of the limit of detection (LOD). We prepared a dilution set using a respiratory specimen collected from a COVID‐19 patient infected by Omicron BA.2. The reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction was used as a reference method. The LOD results showed that all 12 RAT kits had comparable analytical sensitivity to detect Omicron BA.2. The RAT kits selected in the current study may be used for the first‐line screening of the rapid spreading Omicron BA.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gannon C K Mak
- Microbiology Division, Public Health Laboratory Services Branch, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Stephen S Y Lau
- Microbiology Division, Public Health Laboratory Services Branch, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Kitty K Y Wong
- Microbiology Division, Public Health Laboratory Services Branch, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - C S Lau
- Microbiology Division, Public Health Laboratory Services Branch, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ken H L Ng
- Microbiology Division, Public Health Laboratory Services Branch, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Edman T K Lam
- Microbiology Division, Public Health Laboratory Services Branch, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Rickjason C W Chan
- Microbiology Division, Public Health Laboratory Services Branch, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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