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Senrung A, Tripathi T, Aggarwal N, Janjua D, Chhokar A, Yadav J, Chaudhary A, Thakur K, Singh T, Bharti AC. Anti-angiogenic Potential of Trans-chalcone in an In Vivo Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: An ATP Antagonist to VEGFR with Predicted Blood-brain Barrier Permeability. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2024; 22:187-211. [PMID: 37936455 DOI: 10.2174/0118715257250417231019102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by massive tumorinduced angiogenesis aiding tumorigenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) via VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) constitutes majorly to drive this process. Putting a halt to tumordriven angiogenesis is a major clinical challenge, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the prime bottleneck in GBM treatment. Several phytochemicals show promising antiangiogenic activity across different models, but their ability to cross BBB remains unexplored. METHODS We screened over 99 phytochemicals having anti-angiogenic properties reported in the literature and evaluated them for their BBB permeability, molecular interaction with VEGFR-2 domains, ECD2-3 (extracellular domains 2-3) and TKD (tyrosine kinase domain) at VEGF-A and ATP binding site, cell membrane permeability, and hepatotoxicity using in silico tools. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic activity of predicted lead Trans-Chalcone (TC) was evaluated in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. RESULTS Out of 99 phytochemicals, 35 showed an efficient ability to cross BBB with a probability score of > 0.8. Docking studies revealed 30 phytochemicals crossing benchmark binding affinity < -6.4 kcal/mol of TKD with the native ligand ATP alone. Out of 30 phytochemicals, 12 showed moderate to low hepatotoxicity, and 5 showed a violation of Lipinski's rule of five. Our in silico analysis predicted TC as a BBB permeable anti-angiogenic compound for use in GBM therapy. TC reduced vascularization in the CAM model, which was associated with the downregulation of VEGFR-2 transcript expression. CONCLUSION The present study showed TC to possess anti-angiogenic potential via the inhibition of VEGFR-2. In addition, the study predicted TC to cross BBB as well as a safe alternative for GBM therapy, which needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology & Drug Delivery Laboratory, Zoology Department, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110019, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
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Senrung A, Tripathi T, Yadav J, Janjua D, Chaudhary A, Chhokar A, Aggarwal N, Joshi U, Goswami N, Bharti AC. In vivo antiangiogenic effect of nimbolide, trans-chalcone and piperine for use against glioblastoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1173. [PMID: 38036978 PMCID: PMC10691152 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is an important hallmark of Glioblastoma (GBM) marked by elevated vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). As previously reported nimbolide (NBL), trans-chalcone (TC) and piperine (PPR) possess promising antiangiogenic activity in several cancers however, their comparative efficacy and mechanism of antiangiogenic activity in GBM against VEGFR-2 has not been elucidated. METHODS 2D and 3D spheroids cultures of U87 (Uppsala 87 Malignant Glioma) were used for evaluation of non-cytotxoic dose for anti-angiogenic activity. The antiangiogenic effect was investigated by the GBM U87 cell line bearing chick CAM model. Excised U87 xenografts were histologically examined for blood vascular density by histochemistry. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the presence of avian and human VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 mRNA transcripts. RESULTS Using 2D and 3D spheroid models, the non-cytotoxic dose of NBL, TC and PPR was ≤ 11 µM. We found NBL, TC and PPR inhibit U87-induced neoangiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner in the CAM stand-alone model as well as in CAM U87 xenograft model. The results also indicate that these natural compounds inhibit the expression of notable angiogenic factors, VEGF-A and VEGFR-2. A positive correlation was found between blood vascular density and VEGF-A as well as VEGFR-2 transcripts. CONCLUSION Taken together, NBL, TC and PPR can suppress U87-induced neoangiogenesis via a reduction in VEGF-A and its receptor VEGFR-2 transcript expression at noncytotoxic concentrations. These phytochemicals showed their utility as adjuvants to GBM therapy, with Piperine demonstrating superior effectiveness among them all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Senrung
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nidhi Goswami
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India.
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do Nascimento Medeiros JA, Sarmento ACA, Bernardes-Oliveira E, de Oliveira R, Lima MEGB, Gonçalves AK, de Souza Dantas D, de Oliveira Crispim JC. Evaluation of Exosomal miRNA as Potential Biomarkers in Cervical Cancer. EPIGENOMES 2023; 7:16. [PMID: 37606453 PMCID: PMC10443249 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Different studies show that small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) obtained from exosomes, are considered potential biomarkers in several types of cancer, including cervical cancer (CC). Therefore, the present study seeks to present an overview of the role of circulating exosomal miRNAs with the potential to act as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CC and to analyze the presence of these miRNAs according to the stage of CC. For this purpose, a review was developed, with articles consulted from the electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science published between 2015 and 2021. Seven articles were included after a selection of studies according to the eligibility criteria. In addition to the methods used for sample analysis, detection, and isolation of miRNAs in each article, clinical data were also extracted from the patients studied, such as the stage of cancer. After analyzing the network of the seven miRNAs, they were associated with the immune system, CC progression and staging, and cisplatin resistance. With the belief that studies on miRNAs in cervical cancer would have major clinical implications, in this review, we have attempted to summarize the current situation and potential development prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emanuelly Bernardes-Oliveira
- Specialization Program in Oncotic Gynecological Cytology, Januário Cicco Maternity School, Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
| | - Ronnier de Oliveira
- Undergraduate Course in Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Katherine Gonçalves
- Women’s Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
- Specialization Program in Oncotic Gynecological Cytology, Januário Cicco Maternity School, Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Deyse de Souza Dantas
- Specialization Program in Oncotic Gynecological Cytology, Januário Cicco Maternity School, Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Janaina Cristiana de Oliveira Crispim
- Women’s Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
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O'Sullivan ED, Mylonas KJ, Xin C, Baird DP, Carvalho C, Docherty MH, Campbell R, Matchett KP, Waddell SH, Walker AD, Gallagher KM, Jia S, Leung S, Laird A, Wilflingseder J, Willi M, Reck M, Finnie S, Pisco A, Gordon-Keylock S, Medvinsky A, Boulter L, Henderson NC, Kirschner K, Chandra T, Conway BR, Hughes J, Denby L, Bonventre JV, Ferenbach DA. Indian Hedgehog release from TNF-activated renal epithelia drives local and remote organ fibrosis. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabn0736. [PMID: 37256934 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Progressive fibrosis is a feature of aging and chronic tissue injury in multiple organs, including the kidney and heart. Glioma-associated oncogene 1 expressing (Gli1+) cells are a major source of activated fibroblasts in multiple organs, but the links between injury, inflammation, and Gli1+ cell expansion and tissue fibrosis remain incompletely understood. We demonstrated that leukocyte-derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF) promoted Gli1+ cell proliferation and cardiorenal fibrosis through induction and release of Indian Hedgehog (IHH) from renal epithelial cells. Using single-cell-resolution transcriptomic analysis, we identified an "inflammatory" proximal tubular epithelial (iPT) population contributing to TNF- and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-induced IHH production in vivo. TNF-induced Ubiquitin D (Ubd) expression was observed in human proximal tubular cells in vitro and during murine and human renal disease and aging. Studies using pharmacological and conditional genetic ablation of TNF-induced IHH signaling revealed that IHH activated canonical Hedgehog signaling in Gli1+ cells, which led to their activation, proliferation, and fibrosis within the injured and aging kidney and heart. These changes were inhibited in mice by Ihh deletion in Pax8-expressing cells or by pharmacological blockade of TNF, NF-κB, or Gli1 signaling. Increased amounts of circulating IHH were associated with loss of renal function and higher rates of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Thus, IHH connects leukocyte activation to Gli1+ cell expansion and represents a potential target for therapies to inhibit inflammation-induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin D O'Sullivan
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Katie J Mylonas
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Cuiyan Xin
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David P Baird
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Cyril Carvalho
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Marie-Helena Docherty
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ross Campbell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kylie P Matchett
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Scott H Waddell
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alexander D Walker
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Kevin M Gallagher
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Siyang Jia
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Steve Leung
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alexander Laird
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Julia Wilflingseder
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Willi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maximilian Reck
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sarah Finnie
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Angela Pisco
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Alexander Medvinsky
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Luke Boulter
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Kristina Kirschner
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Tamir Chandra
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Bryan R Conway
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jeremy Hughes
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Laura Denby
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David A Ferenbach
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Quantitative Proteomics for the Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins in the Extracellular Vesicles of Cervical Cancer Cells. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030702. [PMID: 36992411 PMCID: PMC10051161 DOI: 10.3390/v15030702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular vesicles (EVs) in a tumoral microenvironment can exert different functions by transferring their content, which has been poorly described in cervical cancer. Here, we tried to clarify the proteomic content of these EVs, comparing those derived from cancerous HPV (+) keratinocytes (HeLa) versus those derived from normal HPV (–) keratinocytes (HaCaT). We performed a quantitative proteomic analysis, using LC-MS/MS, of the EVs from HeLa and HaCaT cell lines. The up- and downregulated proteins in the EVs from the HeLa cell line were established, along with the cellular component, molecular function, biological processes, and signaling pathways in which they participate. The biological processes with the highest number of upregulated proteins are cell adhesion, proteolysis, lipid metabolic process, and immune system processes. Interestingly, three of the top five signaling pathways with more up- and downregulated proteins are part of the immune response. Due to their content, we can infer that EVs can have a significant role in migration, invasion, metastasis, and the activation or suppression of immune system cells in cancer.
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Dwivedi M, Ghosh D, Saha A, Hasan S, Jindal D, Yadav H, Yadava A, Dwivedi M. Biochemistry of exosomes and their theranostic potential in human diseases. Life Sci 2023; 315:121369. [PMID: 36639052 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are classified as special extracellular vesicles in the eukaryotic system having diameters ranging from 30 to 120 nm. These vesicles carry various endogenous molecules including DNA, mRNA, microRNA, circular RNA, and proteins, crucial for numerous metabolic reactions and can be proposed as therapeutic or diagnostic targets for several disorders. The donor exosomes release their content to recipient cells and further establish the significant intercellular communication showing biological effects by triggering environmental alterations. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal and dendritic cells have demonstrated their therapeutic potential against organ injury. Yet, various intricacies are involved in exosomal transport and its inclusion in cancer and other disease pathogenesis needs to be explored. The exosomes represent profound potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic carriers in various pathophysiological conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, chronic cancers, infectious diseases, female reproductive diseases and cardiovascular diseases. In the current study, we demonstrate the advancements in the implication of exosomes as one of the irrefutable prognostic biological targets in human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India.
| | - Diya Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Divya Jindal
- Center for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Hitendra Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Anuradha Yadava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Medha Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
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7
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The role of exosomes in the molecular mechanisms of metastasis: Focusing on EMT and cancer stem cells. Life Sci 2022; 310:121103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Ran Z, Wu S, Ma Z, Chen X, Liu J, Yang J. Advances in exosome biomarkers for cervical cancer. Cancer Med 2022; 11:4966-4978. [PMID: 35578572 PMCID: PMC9761094 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) ranks as the fourth most frequently diagnosed malignancy in females worldwide. Exosomes are a subclass of extracellular vesicles released by nearly all types of cells that act as cargo transport vehicles, carrying proteins, and genetic material (such as miRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and mRNAs) derived from their parent cells may affect receiving cells and thus have emerged as key players in several biological processes, including inflammatory pathways. In this review, we concentrated on the findings of exosome investigations in CC, particularly their components. They direct the actions of CC cells by inducing surface molecules associated with various biological pathways. We summarized the current knowledge of exosomal RNAs and proteins from CC cells and discussed the feasibility of exosomes as potential biomarkers for CC. We suggest that cancer-derived exosomes promote metastasis in CC by supporting EMT, controlling the proliferation, invasion, or migration of cancer cells, as well as influencing immune escape and aiding angiogenesis. Overall, cancer-derived exosomes are critical in the progression of CC, and further studies are necessary to advance our understanding of the clinical value of exosomes in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ran
- Department of ResearchShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghaiChina,Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina,The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina,The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Zijng Ma
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina,The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Xiuwen Chen
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina,The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Liu
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Jingcheng Yang
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina,Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision MedicineGuangzhouChina
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Busatto S, Yang Y, Iannotta D, Davidovich I, Talmon Y, Wolfram J. Considerations for extracellular vesicle and lipoprotein interactions in cell culture assays. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12202. [PMID: 35362268 PMCID: PMC8971175 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With an exponential increase in extracellular vesicle (EV) studies in the past decade, focus has been placed on standardization of experimental design to ensure inter‐study comparisons and validity of conclusions. In the case of in vitro assays, the composition of cell culture media is important to consider for EV studies. In particular, levels of lipoproteins, which are critical components of the interstitial fluid, should be taken into consideration. Results from this study reveal that lipoprotein levels in cell culture medium impact the effects that EVs have on recipient cells. Additionally, evidence of EV binding and fusion to lipoprotein‐like structures in plasma is provided. However, it is unclear whether the impact of lipoproteins in cell culture is due to direct interactions with EVs, indirect effects, or a combination of both mechanisms. Taken together, cell culture studies performed in the absence of physiological levels of lipoproteins are unlikely to reflect interactions that occur between EVs and recipient cells in an in vivo environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Busatto
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yubo Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Dalila Iannotta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Irina Davidovich
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yeshayahu Talmon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Joy Wolfram
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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10
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Onishi H, Nakamura K, Yanai K, Nagai S, Nakayama K, Oyama Y, Fujimura A, Ozono K, Yamasaki A. Cancer therapy that targets the Hedgehog signaling pathway considering the cancer microenvironment (Review). Oncol Rep 2022; 47:93. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hideya Onishi
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Katsuya Nakamura
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yanai
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Nagai
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakayama
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Oyama
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Fujimura
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Keigo Ozono
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Akio Yamasaki
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
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Ye M, Wang J, Pan S, Zheng L, Wang ZW, Zhu X. Nucleic acids and proteins carried by exosomes of different origins as potential biomarkers for gynecologic cancers. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:101-113. [PMID: 35024437 PMCID: PMC8718571 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Shuya Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Lihong Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Corresponding author Zhi-Wei Wang, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Corresponding author Xueqiong Zhu, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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12
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Bhat A, Yadav J, Thakur K, Aggarwal N, Chhokar A, Tripathi T, Singh T, Jadli M, Veerapandian V, Bharti AC. Transcriptome analysis of cervical cancer exosomes and detection of HPVE6*I transcripts in exosomal RNA. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:164. [PMID: 35148692 PMCID: PMC8840784 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exosomes play a key role in cell-to-cell communication and are integral component of the tumor microenvironment. Recent observations suggest transfer of RNA through tumor-derived exosomes that can potentially translate into regulatory proteins in the recipient cells. Role of cervical cancer-derived exosomes and their transcript cargo is poorly understood. Materials and methods The total RNA of exosomes from HPV-positive (SiHa and HeLa) and HPV-negative (C33a) cervical cancer cell lines were extracted and the transcripts were estimated using Illumina HiSeq X. Further, validation of HPV transcripts were performed using RT-PCR. Results 3099 transcripts were found to be differentially-exported in HPV-positive vs. HPV-negative exosomes (p value <0.05). Analysis of top 10 GO terms and KEGG pathways showed enrichment of transcripts belonging to axon guidance and tumor innervation in HPV-positive exosomes. Among top 20 overexpressed transcripts, EVC2, LUZP1 and ANKS1B were the most notable due to their involvement in Hh signaling, cellular migration and invasion, respectively. Further, low levels of HPV-specific reads were detected. RT-PCR validation revealed presence of E6*I splice variant of HPV18 in exosomal RNA of HeLa cells. The E6*I transcripts were consistently retained in exosomes obtained from HeLa cells undergoing 5-FU and cisplatin-induced oxidative stress. Conclusion Our data suggests the enrichment of poly-A RNA transcripts in the exosomal cargo of cervical cancer cells, which includes pro-tumorigenic cellular RNA and viral transcripts such as HPV E6, which may have clinical utility as potential exosomal biomarkers of cervical cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09262-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | | | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India.
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13
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ECM stiffness-tuned exosomes drive breast cancer motility through thrombospondin-1. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121185. [PMID: 34808560 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer progression features ECM stiffening due to excess deposition and crosslinking of collagen, which dramatically influence tumor behaviour and fate. The mechanisms by which extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening drives breast cancer invasion is an area of active research. Here we demonstrate the role of exosomes in ECM stiffness triggered breast cancer invasiveness. Using stiffness tuneable hydrogel ECM scaffolds, we show that stiff ECMs promote exosome secretion in a YAP/TAZ pathway-dependent manner. Interestingly, blocking exosome synthesis and secretion by GW4869 abrogated stiffness regulated motility and contractility in breast cancer cells. Reciprocally, exogenous addition of ECM stiffness-tuned exosomes orchestrated a series of changes in cell morphology, adhesion, protrusion dynamics resulting in fostered cell motility and invasion. Proteomic analysis of exosomal lysates followed by overrepresentation analysis and interactome studies revealed enrichment of cell adhesion and cell migration proteins in exosomes from stiff ECM cultures compared to that of soft ones. Quantitative proteomics of exosomes combined with genomic analysis of human breast tumor tissues (TCGA database) identified thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) as a prospective regulator of stiffness-dependent cancer invasion. Knockdown studies confirmed that the pro-invasive effects of stiffness-tuned exosomes are fuelled by exosomal THBS1. We further demonstrated that exosomal THBS1 mediates these stiffness-induced effects by engaging matrix metalloproteinase and focal adhesion kinase. Our studies establish the pivotal role of exosomal communication in ECM stiffness dependent cell migration with exosomal THBS1 as a master regulator of cancer invasion, which can be further exploited as a potential theranostic for improved breast cancer management.
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Heydari R, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M, Shekari F, Meyfour A. Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Biomarking the Gastrointestinal Diseases. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:939-962. [PMID: 34308738 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1954909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in cell-cell communication and regulation of various cellular functions under physiological and pathophysiological conditions through transferring their cargo to recipient cells. Molecular constituents of EVs are a fingerprinting profile of secreting cells which can be used as promising prognostic, diagnostic, and drug-response biomarkers in clinical settings. AREAS COVERED The present study provides a brief introduction about the biology of EVs and reviews methodologies used for EV isolation and characterization as well as high-throughput strategies to analyze EV contents. Furthermore, this review highlights the importance and unique role of EVs in the development and progression of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, especially GI cancers, and then discusses their potential use, particularly those isolated from body fluids, in diagnosis and prognosis of GI diseases. EXPERT OPINION In-depth analysis of EV content can lead to the identification of new potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of GI diseases. The use of a more targeted approach by establishing more reproducible and standardized methods to decrease variations and obtain desired EV population as well as revisiting large pools of identified biomarkers and their evaluation in larger patient cohorts can result in the introduction of more reliable biomarkers in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Heydari
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Shekari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Bhat A, Yadav J, Thakur K, Aggarwal N, Tripathi T, Chhokar A, Singh T, Jadli M, Bharti AC. Exosomes from cervical cancer cells facilitate pro-angiogenic endothelial reconditioning through transfer of Hedgehog-GLI signaling components. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:319. [PMID: 34167524 PMCID: PMC8223267 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenic switch is a hallmark feature of transition from low-grade to high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in cervical cancer progression. Therefore, early events leading to locally-advanced cervical metastatic lesions demand a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Recent leads indicate the role of tumor-derived exosomes in altering the functions of endothelial cells in cervical cancer, which needs further investigation. METHODS Exosomes isolated from cervical cancer cell lines were assessed for their angiogenic effect on the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using tube formation and wound healing assay. The exosomal uptake by HUVEC cells was monitored using PKH-67 labelling followed by fluorescence microscopy. Alterations in Hh-GLI signaling components, PTCH1 and GLI1, in HUVEC were measured by immunoblotting. Changes in angiogenesis-related transcripts of vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGFR2 and angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, osteopontin were measured in exosome-treated HUVEC and in the exosomal RNA by RT-PCR. RESULTS Enhanced tube formation, with an increased number of nodes and branching was observed in HUVEC's treated with exosomes derived from different cervical cancer cell lines. HPV-positive (SiHa and HeLa) cells' exosomes were more angiogenic. Exosome-treated HUVEC showed increased migration rate. PKH-67 labelled exosomes were found internalized in HUVEC. A high level of PTCH1 protein was detected in the exosome-treated endothelial cells. Subsequent RT-PCR analysis showed increased transcripts of Hh-GLI downstream target genes VEGF-A, VEGFR2, angiopoietin-2, and decreased expression of VEGF-B, and angiopoietin-1, suggestive of active Hh-GLI signaling. These effects were more pronounced in HUVEC's treated with exosomes of HPV-positive cells. However, these effects were independent of tumor-derived VEGF-A as exosomal cargo lacked VEGF-A transcripts or proteins. CONCLUSION Overall, the data showed cervical cancer exosomes promote pro-angiogenic response in endothelial cells via upregulation of Hh-GLI signaling and modulate downstream angiogenesis-related target genes. The study provides a novel exosome-mediated mechanism potentially favoring cervical angiogenesis and thus identifies the exosomes as potential pharmacological targets against locally-advanced metastatic cervical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India.
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Esfandyari S, Elkafas H, Chugh RM, Park HS, Navarro A, Al-Hendy A. Exosomes as Biomarkers for Female Reproductive Diseases Diagnosis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042165. [PMID: 33671587 PMCID: PMC7926632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell communication is an essential mechanism for the maintenance and development of various organs, including the female reproductive system. Today, it is well-known that the function of the female reproductive system and successful pregnancy are related to appropriate follicular growth, oogenesis, implantation, embryo development, and proper fertilization, dependent on the main regulators of cellular crosstalk, exosomes. During exosome synthesis, selective packaging of different factors into these vesicles happens within the originating cells. Therefore, exosomes contain both genetic and proteomic data that could be applied as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in pregnancy-associated disorders or placental functions. In this context, the present review aims to compile information about the potential exosomes with key molecular cargos that are dysregulated in female reproductive diseases which lead to infertility, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure (POF), Asherman syndrome, endometriosis, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and preeclampsia, as well as signaling pathways related to the regulation of the reproductive system and pregnancy outcome during these pathological conditions. This review might help us realize the etiology of reproductive dysfunction and improve the early diagnosis and treatment of the related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Esfandyari
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.E.); (H.E.); (R.M.C.)
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hoda Elkafas
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.E.); (H.E.); (R.M.C.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA) Formally, (NODCAR), Cairo 35521, Egypt
| | - Rishi Man Chugh
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.E.); (H.E.); (R.M.C.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Hang-soo Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.-s.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Antonia Navarro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.-s.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.-s.P.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-773-832-0742
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Ma J, Zhou C, Chen X. miR-636 inhibits EMT, cell proliferation and cell cycle of ovarian cancer by directly targeting transcription factor Gli2 involved in Hedgehog pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:64. [PMID: 33472614 PMCID: PMC7819188 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, which is essential for cell proliferation and differentiation, is noted to be aberrantly activated in tumor from increasing studies in recent years. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as an important non-coding RNA in cells have been proven to possess a regulatory role specific to the Hh signaling pathway. Here, in vitro and in vivo cellular/molecular experiments were adopted to clarify the regulatory mechanism linking miR-636 to the Hh signaling pathway in ovarian cancer (OVC). Methods Protein–protein interaction analysis was performed to identify the hub gene in the Hh pathway. TargetScan database was used to predict the potential upstream regulators for Gli2. qRT-PCR was performed to test the expression of miR-636, while Western blot was conducted to detect the expression of proteins related to the Hh pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). For cell functional experiments, HO-8910PM OVC cell line was used. MTT assay and wound healing assay were used to measure the effect of miR-636 on cell proliferation and migration. Flow cytometry was carried out to examine the effect of miR-636 on cell cycle, and Western blot was used to identify the change in expression of Hh and EMT-related proteins. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was implemented to detect the targeting relationship between miR-636 and Gli2. Xenotransplantation models were established for in vivo examination. Results Gli2 was identified as the hub gene of the Hh pathway and it was validated to be regulated by miR-636 based on the data from TargetScan and GEO databases. In vitro experiments discovered that miR-636 was significantly lowly expressed in OVC cell lines, and overexpressing miR-636 significantly inhibited HO-8910PM cell proliferation, migration and induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, while the inhibition of miR-636 caused opposite results. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that Gli2 was the target gene of miR-636 in OVC. Besides, overexpressed miR-636 decreased protein expression of Gli2, and affected the expression of proteins related to the Hh signaling pathway and EMT. Rescue experiments verified that overexpression of Gli2 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-636 on HO-8910PM cell proliferation and migration, and attenuated the blocking effect of miR-636 on cell cycle. The xenotransplantation experiment suggested that miR-636 inhibited cell growth of OVC by decreasing Gli2 expression. Besides, overexpressing Gli2 potentiated the EMT process of OVC cells via decreasing E-cadherin protein expression and increasing Vimentin protein expression, and it reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-636 on OVC cell proliferation in vivo. Conclusion miR-636 mediates the activation of the Hh pathway via binding to Gli2, thus inhibiting EMT, suppressing cell proliferation and migration of OVC. Trial registration: The experimental protocol was established, according to the ethical guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Human Ethics Committee of The Second Affiliated hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (IR2019001235). Written informed consent was obtained from individual or guardian participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Ma
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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18
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Bai Y, Guo J, Liu Z, Li Y, Jin S, Wang T. The Role of Exosomes in the Female Reproductive System and Breast Cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12567-12586. [PMID: 33324075 PMCID: PMC7733408 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s281909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles released by nearly all cell types. Exosomes were originally considered as waste receptacles for discarding unwanted cellular products; however, these organelles are now considered to be important for cell communication by delivering biologically active molecules such as proteins, DNA, non-coding RNA and mRNA. Studies have revealed that exosomes are closely related to several diseases, especially cancers. Exosomes are indispensable for the emergence and progression of tumor. Here, we review the status of research on exosomes in the female reproductive system cancers and breast cancer, focusing on their biological roles in chemical resistance and immune responses, as well as their underlying applications in drug delivery and nanotherapy and as biological markers for tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongshan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunzi Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Matusek T, Marcetteau J, Thérond PP. Functions of Wnt and Hedgehog-containing extracellular vesicles in development and disease. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/18/jcs209742. [PMID: 32989011 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted morphogens play a major role in the intercellular communication necessary for animal development. It was initially thought that, in order to organize tissue morphogenesis and control cell fate and proliferation, morphogens diffused freely in the extracellular space. This view has since changed following the discovery that morphogens of the Wnt and Hedgehog (Hh) families are modified by various lipid adducts during their biosynthesis, providing them with high affinity for the membrane bilayer. Recent work performed in model organisms suggests that Wnt and Hh proteins are carried on extracellular vesicles. In this Review, we provide our perspectives on the mechanisms of formation of Wnt- and Hh-containing extracellular vesicles, and discuss their functions during animal development, as well as in various human physiopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Matusek
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose (iBV), Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Julien Marcetteau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose (iBV), Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Pascal P Thérond
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose (iBV), Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
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20
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González‐Méndez L, Gradilla A, Sánchez‐Hernández D, González E, Aguirre‐Tamaral A, Jiménez‐Jiménez C, Guerra M, Aguilar G, Andrés G, Falcón‐Pérez JM, Guerrero I. Polarized sorting of Patched enables cytoneme-mediated Hedgehog reception in the Drosophila wing disc. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103629. [PMID: 32311148 PMCID: PMC7265244 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signal molecules play a fundamental role in development, adult stem cell maintenance and cancer. Hh can signal at a distance, and we have proposed that its graded distribution across Drosophila epithelia is mediated by filopodia-like structures called cytonemes. Hh reception by Patched (Ptc) happens at discrete sites along presenting and receiving cytonemes, reminiscent of synaptic processes. Here, we show that a vesicle fusion mechanism mediated by SNARE proteins is required for Ptc placement at contact sites. Transport of Ptc to these sites requires multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation via ESCRT machinery, in a manner different to that regulating Ptc/Hh lysosomal degradation after reception. These MVBs include extracellular vesicle (EV) markers and, accordingly, Ptc is detected in the purified exosomal fraction from cultured cells. Blockage of Ptc trafficking and fusion to basolateral membranes result in low levels of Ptc presentation for reception, causing an extended and flattened Hh gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura González‐Méndez
- Tissue and Organ HomeostasisCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC‐UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Ana‐Citlali Gradilla
- Tissue and Organ HomeostasisCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC‐UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - David Sánchez‐Hernández
- Tissue and Organ HomeostasisCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC‐UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Esperanza González
- Exosomes Lab. Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)DerioSpain
| | - Adrián Aguirre‐Tamaral
- Tissue and Organ HomeostasisCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC‐UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Carlos Jiménez‐Jiménez
- Tissue and Organ HomeostasisCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC‐UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Milagros Guerra
- Electron Microscopy UnitCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa(CSIC‐UAM)Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Gustavo Aguilar
- Tissue and Organ HomeostasisCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC‐UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Growth and DevelopmentBiozentrumUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Germán Andrés
- Electron Microscopy UnitCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa(CSIC‐UAM)Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Juan M Falcón‐Pérez
- Exosomes Lab. Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)DerioSpain
- IKERBASQUEBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)DerioSpain
| | - Isabel Guerrero
- Tissue and Organ HomeostasisCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC‐UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
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Liang Y, Zhang D, Li L, Xin T, Zhao Y, Ma R, Du J. Exosomal microRNA-144 from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibits the progression of non-small cell lung cancer by targeting CCNE1 and CCNE2. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:87. [PMID: 32102682 PMCID: PMC7045474 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent mesenchymal cells present in various adult tissues. MSCs secrete exosomes as regulators of the tumor niche, with involvement in tumorigenesis and metastasis. The regulatory role of microRNAs (miRs or miRNAs) in MSCs via targeting cyclin E1 (CCNE1) or cyclin E2 (CCNE2) has been extensively reported. Since exosomes are considered as protective and enriched sources of shuttle miRNAs, we hypothesized that exosomal transfer of miR-144 from bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) would affect the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by targeting CCNE1 and CCNE2. Methods We first quantified the levels of miR-144, CCNE1, and CCNE2 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines and then undertook gain- and loss-of-function studies of miR-144, CCNE1, and CCNE2 to investigate their roles in the biological characteristics of NSCLC in vitro. NSCLC cells (A549) were exposed to exosomes derived from MSCs, and cell proliferation and colony formation rate were determined using in vitro assays. Finally, effects of BMMSC-derived exosomal miR-144 on tumor development were studied in vivo. Results In NSCLC tissues and cell lines, miR-144 was expressed poorly and CCNE1 and CCNE2 were expressed highly. Artificially elevating miR-144 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and the number of S phase-arrested cells in NSCLC by downregulating CCNE1 and CCNE2. Additionally, BMMSC-derived exosomal miR-144 led to restrained NSCLC cell proliferation and colony formation. These inhibitory effects of BMMSC-derived exosomes carrying miR-144 on NSCLC were confirmed by experiments in vivo. Conclusion Collectively, these findings revealed inhibitory effects of BMMSC-derived exosomal miR-144 on NSCLC progression, which were mediated by downregulation of CCNE1 and CCNE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- Medical Oncology Department of Thoracic Cancer (2), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dalin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Li
- Medical Oncology Department of Thoracic Cancer (2), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Xin
- Medical Oncology Department of Thoracic Cancer (2), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- Medical Oncology Department of Thoracic Cancer (2), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- Medical Oncology Department of Thoracic Cancer (2), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Zhang L, Li H, Yuan M, Li M, Zhang S. Cervical Cancer Cells-Secreted Exosomal microRNA-221-3p Promotes Invasion, Migration and Angiogenesis of Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Cervical Cancer by Down-Regulating MAPK10 Expression. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10307-10319. [PMID: 31849520 PMCID: PMC6910095 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s221527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cervical cancer (CC) is recognized as a common cancer with a high risk worldwide. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have received attention for their increasing potentials in CC therapy. In this study, we identify the involvement of miR-221-3p in CC progression by affecting angiogenesis of microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs). Methods Microarray-based gene expression profiling was conducted to retrieve the differentially expressed genes in CC. The expression patterns of miR-221-3p were measured by RT-qPCR, while Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR were performed to determine the expression of MAPK10 in the CC tissues and cells, followed by verification of the interaction between miR-221-3p and MAPK10 using dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Then the effects of miR-221-3p and MAPK10 on cell activities were assessed through gain- and loss-of-function experiments in CC. Subsequently, the impact of exosomal miR-221-3p on MVEC proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis was examined after exosomal isolation from CC cells and co-cultured with MVECs. Results Gene expression profile showed that MAPK10 might participate in CC with a low expression. Moreover, miR-221-3p was highly expressed and MAPK10 was poorly expressed in CC tissues and cells. It was observed that miR-221-3p targeted MAPK10. Depletion of miR-221-3p blocked the cell proliferation, invasion and migration in CC by up-regulating MAPK10. Moreover, CC cells-derived exosomes carrying miR-221-3p accelerated MVEC proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis in CC by regulating MAPK10. Conclusion CC cells-derived exosomes harboring miR-221-3p enhanced MVEC angiogenesis in CC by decreasing MAPK10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingbao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuquan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
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23
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Jones LB, Kumar S, Curry AJ, Price JS, Krendelchtchikov A, Crenshaw BJ, Bell CR, Williams SD, Tolliver TA, Saldanha SN, Sims B, Matthews QL. Alcohol Exposure Impacts the Composition of HeLa-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7040078. [PMID: 31574936 PMCID: PMC6966524 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are nanosized vesicles that are under intense investigation for their role in intercellular communication. Extracellular vesicles have begun to be examined for their role in disease protection and their role as disease biomarkers and/or vaccine agents. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of alcohol exposure on the biogenesis and composition of extracellular vesicles derived from the cervical cancer line, HeLa. The HeLa cells were cultured in exosome-free media and were either mock-treated (control) or treated with 50 mM or 100 mM of alcohol for 24 h and 48 h. Our results demonstrated that alcohol significantly impacts HeLa cell viability and exosome biogenesis/composition. Importantly, our studies demonstrate the critical role of alcohol on HeLa cells, as well as HeLa-derived extracellular vesicle biogenesis and composition. Specifically, these results indicate that alcohol alters extracellular vesicles’ packaging of heat shock proteins and apoptotic proteins. Extracellular vesicles serve as communicators for HeLa cells, as well as biomarkers for the initiation and progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra B Jones
- Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Aliyah J Curry
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
- Center for Nanobiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
| | - Jayde S Price
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
- Center for Nanobiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
| | - Alexandre Krendelchtchikov
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Brennetta J Crenshaw
- Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
| | - Courtnee' R Bell
- Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
| | - Sparkle D Williams
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Tambre A Tolliver
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
| | - Sabita N Saldanha
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
| | - Brian Sims
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Qiana L Matthews
- Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
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