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Jo D, Spencer SD, Masuda A. Mindfulness attenuates the positive association between disordered eating cognition and disordered eating behavior in a sample of college women. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00969-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Iturbe I, Echeburúa E, Maiz E. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy upon weight management and psychological well-being of adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Psychother 2021; 29:837-856. [PMID: 34802174 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have examined acceptance and commitment therapy's (ACT) effectiveness for addressing physical and psychological distress people with obesity can face. Nevertheless, no review focusing specifically on ACT analysing randomized controlled trials (RCT) has been done up to date in this field. The present systematic review was developed following the PRISMA statement and aimed to examine ACT's effects on weight management and psychological well-being of adults with overweight or obesity. A conjunction of keywords related to ACT and excess weight was searched in four databases (Medline, PubMed, Psycinfo and Scopus) for articles meeting inclusion criteria. The literature search yielded 2,074 papers, and 16 were included in the review, finally. In 71.43% of the studies, ACT was effective to enhance psychological well-being; in 50% effectively targeted process variables and health behaviours related to weight management; in 31.82% of studies, physical variables were improved; and 21.38% of studies showed evidence in favour of ACT for eating behaviour modification. The present review supports ACT for promoting emotional aspects of individuals immersed in such weight-related battles and highlights the benefits of psychological well-being-oriented ACT in the context of obesity treatment. More studies targeting psychological well-being primarily and with longer follow-ups are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia Iturbe
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methodology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Enrique Echeburúa
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methodology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Edurne Maiz
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methodology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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Schuman-Olivier Z, Trombka M, Lovas DA, Brewer JA, Vago DR, Gawande R, Dunne JP, Lazar SW, Loucks EB, Fulwiler C. Mindfulness and Behavior Change. Harv Rev Psychiatry 2021; 28:371-394. [PMID: 33156156 PMCID: PMC7647439 DOI: 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Initiating and maintaining behavior change is key to the prevention and treatment of most preventable chronic medical and psychiatric illnesses. The cultivation of mindfulness, involving acceptance and nonjudgment of present-moment experience, often results in transformative health behavior change. Neural systems involved in motivation and learning have an important role to play. A theoretical model of mindfulness that integrates these mechanisms with the cognitive, emotional, and self-related processes commonly described, while applying an integrated model to health behavior change, is needed. This integrative review (1) defines mindfulness and describes the mindfulness-based intervention movement, (2) synthesizes the neuroscience of mindfulness and integrates motivation and learning mechanisms within a mindful self-regulation model for understanding the complex effects of mindfulness on behavior change, and (3) synthesizes current clinical research evaluating the effects of mindfulness-based interventions targeting health behaviors relevant to psychiatric care. The review provides insight into the limitations of current research and proposes potential mechanisms to be tested in future research and targeted in clinical practice to enhance the impact of mindfulness on behavior change.
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Iturbe I, Pereda-Pereda E, Echeburúa E, Maiz E. The Effectiveness of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Mindfulness Group Intervention for Enhancing the Psychological and Physical Well-Being of Adults with Overweight or Obesity Seeking Treatment: The Mind&Life Randomized Control Trial Study Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094396. [PMID: 33919059 PMCID: PMC8122354 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although several interventions that target obesity have been examined, the success of these interventions in generating and maintaining positive results has yet to be confirmed. This study protocol therefore presents a trial aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of a well-being-centered acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)- and mindfulness-based group intervention following the valued-based healthy living (VHL) approach (Mind&Life intervention) for individuals experiencing overweight-related distress. A randomized controlled trial with two parallel groups will be conducted in 110 adults attending primary care units with overweight or obesity. Participants will be randomly allocated to one of the two study conditions. Interventions will either be the treatment as usual (TAU) or the Mind&Life intervention—an ACT- and mindfulness-based intervention—plus the TAU intervention. Quality of life, weight self-stigma, general health status, eating habits, physical activity, eating behavior, anthropometric, body composition, cardiovascular, and physiological variables, as well as process variables, will be examined at baseline, posttreatment, 6-month follow-up, and 1-year follow-up. This trial aims to offer a novel psychological approach for addressing the psychological and physical impairments suffered by people with overweight or obesity in the current environment. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03718728.
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Fogelkvist M, Parling T, Kjellin L, Gustafsson SA. Live with your body – participants’ reflections on an acceptance and commitment therapy group intervention for patients with residual eating disorder symptoms. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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There is no such thing as a mindful binge: How mindfulness disrupts the pathway between anxiety and impulsivity on maladaptive eating behaviours. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Juarascio A, Lantz EL, Muratore AF, Lowe MR. Addressing Weight Suppression to Improve Treatment Outcome for Bulimia Nervosa. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2018; 25:391-401. [PMID: 30220839 PMCID: PMC6132276 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is regarded as the gold-standard treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN), yet despite impressive empirical support for its effectiveness, over 50% of patients fail to achieve abstinence from binge eating and purging by the end of treatment. One factor that may contribute to reduced efficacy rates in CBT is weight suppression (WS; the difference between a person's highest weight ever at their adult height and current weight). A growing body of research indicates that WS in patients with BN may have a clinically significant effect on symptomatology and prognosis. However, the current cognitive behavioral framework for BN does not explicitly acknowledge the role of WS in the onset or maintenance of BN symptoms and does not provide guidance for clinicians on how to address WS during treatment. The relationship between WS, biological pressure to regain lost weight, and the maintenance of BN symptoms suggest that current cognitive behavioral models of BN may be improved by considering the role of WS and exploring needed treatment modifications. Indeed, a reconceptualization of existing models may offer insight into potential strategies that can be used to reduce the susceptibility to treatment dropout, nonresponse, and relapse. It is therefore necessary to consider whether, and how, clinicians' consideration of WS during case conceptualization and treatment planning could serve to improve CBT outcomes. The current review explores ways in which high WS could contribute to poor CBT outcomes, provides preliminary clinical recommendations for incorporating WS into existing cognitive behavioral treatments based on extant data and clinical wisdom, and proposes suggestions for future research needed in this domain.
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Masuda A, Marshall RD, Latner JD. Mindfulness as a Moderator of the Association Between Eating Disorder Cognition and Eating Disorder Behavior Among a Non-clinical Sample of Female College Students: A Role of Ethnicity. Front Psychol 2018; 9:700. [PMID: 29988519 PMCID: PMC6026804 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present cross-sectional study examined whether mindfulness moderated the association between eating disorder cognition and eating disorder behaviors among Asian American, Black American, and White American female college students in the United States. Participants (N = 463, age range = 18–25 years) completed self-report measures online. Results revealed that mindfulness moderated the association between eating disorder cognition and eating disorder behavior in the White American group, but not in Asian American or Black American samples. Future research should replicate these differential findings across ethnic groups and investigate the factors that may contribute to this group difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Masuda
- Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Rachel D Marshall
- Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Janet D Latner
- Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Effects of emotional acceptance and rumination on media-induced body dissatisfaction in anorexia and bulimia nervosa. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 82:119-25. [PMID: 27491068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Body dissatisfaction is an important risk and maintaining factor for eating disorders. The aim of the present study was to experimentally test the effects of two emotion regulation strategies - acceptance and rumination - on media-induced body dissatisfaction in eating disorders. METHOD After watching pictures of thin models, women with anorexia nervosa (AN; n = 39) and bulimia nervosa (BN; n = 39) were encouraged to either use emotional acceptance or rumination to cope with their feelings. Body dissatisfaction and mood were repeatedly assessed. RESULTS Acceptance significantly improved body dissatisfaction in women with BN. Rumination led to a significant increase of body dissatisfaction in both eating disorder groups. Results were independent from mood changes. DISCUSSION Findings highlight the importance ruminative thinking may have in the aggravation of dissatisfaction with the own body in AN and BN. Results suggest that emotional acceptance is a useful strategy to regulate body dissatisfaction after exposure to thin-ideal media in BN.
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Harnett PH, Reid N, Loxton NJ, Lee N. The relationship between trait mindfulness, personality and psychological distress: A revised reinforcement sensitivity theory perspective. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Coronado-Montoya S, Levis AW, Kwakkenbos L, Steele RJ, Turner EH, Thombs BD. Reporting of Positive Results in Randomized Controlled Trials of Mindfulness-Based Mental Health Interventions. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153220. [PMID: 27058355 PMCID: PMC4825994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large proportion of mindfulness-based therapy trials report statistically significant results, even in the context of very low statistical power. The objective of the present study was to characterize the reporting of “positive” results in randomized controlled trials of mindfulness-based therapy. We also assessed mindfulness-based therapy trial registrations for indications of possible reporting bias and reviewed recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses to determine whether reporting biases were identified. Methods CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, ISI, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and SCOPUS databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of mindfulness-based therapy. The number of positive trials was described and compared to the number that might be expected if mindfulness-based therapy were similarly effective compared to individual therapy for depression. Trial registries were searched for mindfulness-based therapy registrations. CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, ISI, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and SCOPUS were also searched for mindfulness-based therapy systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Results 108 (87%) of 124 published trials reported ≥1 positive outcome in the abstract, and 109 (88%) concluded that mindfulness-based therapy was effective, 1.6 times greater than the expected number of positive trials based on effect size d = 0.55 (expected number positive trials = 65.7). Of 21 trial registrations, 13 (62%) remained unpublished 30 months post-trial completion. No trial registrations adequately specified a single primary outcome measure with time of assessment. None of 36 systematic reviews and meta-analyses concluded that effect estimates were overestimated due to reporting biases. Conclusions The proportion of mindfulness-based therapy trials with statistically significant results may overstate what would occur in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Coronado-Montoya
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexander W. Levis
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Linda Kwakkenbos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Russell J. Steele
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Erick H. Turner
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Brett D. Thombs
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Contributions of mindful eating, intuitive eating, and restraint to BMI, disordered eating, and meal consumption in college students. Eat Weight Disord 2016; 21:83-90. [PMID: 26243300 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-015-0210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mindful eating and intuitive eating are promoted as means to circumvent potentially maladaptive dietary restraint while maintaining a healthy weight. Although theoretically related, no studies have examined the correlations between intuitive eating, mindful eating, and restraint in the same sample. This study sought to examine these constructs and their correlations with body mass index (BMI), eating-disordered behaviors, and meal consumption in a college sample. METHODS Participants (N = 125) completed a laboratory taste-test meal and measures of each eating-related construct using the EDDS, IES, MEQ, and TFEQ-Restraint Subscale. RESULTS Mindful eating, intuitive eating, and restraint were not strongly correlated. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that restraint and intuitive eating accounted for significant variance in disordered eating and BMI. Elevated restraint was associated with increased BMI and disordered eating; elevated intuitive eating was associated with decreased BMI and disordered eating. Mindful eating did not correlate with any outcome variables. Follow-up analyses suggested that specific intuitive eating subscales accounted for unique variance in the relation between intuitive eating and disordered eating. Intuitive eating was the only construct that was significantly associated with meal consumption. CONCLUSIONS Intuitive eating and restraint appear to be only weakly correlated, and each is differentially associated with meal consumption. Mindful eating does not appear to relate to outcome variables.
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Juarascio AS, Manasse SM, Schumacher L, Espel H, Forman EM. Developing an Acceptance-Based Behavioral Treatment for Binge Eating Disorder: Rationale and Challenges. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2016; 24:1-13. [PMID: 29881247 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED), characterized by recurrent eating episodes in which individuals eat an objectively large amount of food within a short time period accompanied by a sense of loss of control, is the most common eating disorder. While existing treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), produce remission in a large percentage of individuals with BED, room for improvement in outcomes remains. Two reasons some patients may continue to experience binge eating after a course of treatment are: (a) Difficulty complying with the prescribed behavioral components of CBT due to the discomfort of implementing such strategies; and (b) a lack of focus in current treatments on strategies for coping with high levels of negative affect that often drive binge eating. To optimize treatment outcomes, it is therefore crucial to provide patients with strategies to overcome these issues. A small but growing body of research suggests that acceptance-based treatment approaches may be effective for the treatment of binge eating. The goal of the current paper is to describe the development of an acceptance-based group treatment for BED, discuss the structure of the manual and the rationale and challenges associated with integrating acceptance-based strategies into a CBT protocol, and to discuss clinical strategies for successfully implementing the intervention.
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Naumann E, Tuschen-Caffier B, Voderholzer U, Svaldi J. Spontaneous Emotion Regulation in Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-015-9723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Women Diagnosed With Binge Eating Disorder: A Case-Series Study. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Incorporating positive body image into the treatment of eating disorders: A model for attunement and mindful self-care. Body Image 2015; 14:158-67. [PMID: 25886712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a model for understanding the role positive body image can play in the treatment of eating disorders and methods for guiding patients away from symptoms and toward flourishing. The Attuned Representational Model of Self (Cook-Cottone, 2006) and a conceptual model detailing flourishing in the context of body image and eating behavior (Cook-Cottone et al., 2013) are discussed. The flourishing inherent in positive body image comes hand-in-hand with two critical ways of being: (a) having healthy, embodied awareness of the internal and external aspects of self (i.e., attunement) and (b) engaging in mindful self-care. Attunement and mindful self-care thus are considered as potential targets of actionable therapeutic work in the cultivation of positive body image among those with disordered eating. For context, best-practices in eating disorder treatment are also reviewed. Limitations in current research are detailed and directions for future research are explicated.
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The role of disordered eating cognition and body image flexibility in disordered eating behavior in college men. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Juarascio AS, Schumacher LM, Shaw J, Forman EM, Herbert JD. Acceptance-based treatment and quality of life among patients with an eating disorder. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2015; 4:42-47. [PMID: 31828007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the relationship between acceptance-based constructs and quality of life (QOL) among patients with an eating disorder, as well as whether an acceptance-based treatment group could improve QOL. Patients (n = 105) at a residential treatment center received treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU plus twice-weekly acceptance and commitment therapy groups (TAU+ACT), and completed assessments at admission and discharge. Higher scores on several acceptance-related constructs at admission were associated with better psychological QOL, and pre- to post-treatment improvements in the ability to defuse from distressing internal experiences were associated with improved QOL. However, no differences in pre- to post-treatment changes in QOL were observed between treatment conditions. These results suggest that while some acceptance-related variables (e.g. defusion, impulse control, access to emotion regulation skills) may contribute to QOL, ACT does not appear to incrementally improve these variables or QOL beyond standard treatment programs. Additional research is needed to evaluate whether ACT may confer greater benefit for improving QOL in an outpatient setting where patients have more opportunity to utilize ACT skills, or when a stronger dose of treatment is administered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jena Shaw
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Evan M Forman
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James D Herbert
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Hill ML, Masuda A, Moore M, Twohig MP. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Individuals With Problematic Emotional Eating. Clin Case Stud 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1534650114547429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Emotional eating is characterized by eating in response to intense inner emotions, not hunger. This case-series study presents the outcomes from two adults with problematic emotional eating who voluntarily participated in 10 weekly sessions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Emotional eating was self-monitored daily prior to and throughout the course of treatment. The average number of emotional eating episodes reported weekly across participants at pre-treatment was nine, which decreased to one per week at post-treatment, and was two per week at follow-up. Both participants also showed improvements in body image flexibility, a theoretically consistent process of change, and these improvements were maintained at 3-month follow-up. The results are discussed as well as implications for clinical practice and future research.
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