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Loonen AJ. Putative role of immune reactions in the mechanism of tardive dyskinesia. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 33:100687. [PMID: 37810262 PMCID: PMC10550815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The term extrapyramidal disorders is most often used for conditions such as Parkinson's disease or Huntington's disease, but also refers to a group of extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotics (EPS), such as tardive dyskinesia (TD). After a brief description of some clinical features of TD, this article summarizes the relatively scarce results of research on a possible link between mainly cytokine levels and TD. This data was found by systematically searching Pubmed and Embase. The limitations of these types of studies are a major obstacle to interpretation. After describing relevant aspects of the neuroinflammatory response and the neuroanatomical backgrounds of EPS, a new hypothesis for the origin of TD is presented with emphasis on dysfunctions in the striosomal compartment of the striatum and the dorsal diencephalic connection system (DDCS). It is postulated that (partly immunologically-induced) increase in oxidative stress and the dopamine-dependent immune response in classic TD proceed primarily via the DDCS, which itself is activated from evolutionarily older parts of the forebrain. Neuroinflammatory responses in the choroid plexus of the third ventricle may contribute due to its proximity to the habenula. It is concluded that direct evidence for a possible role of inflammatory processes in the mechanism of TD is still lacking because research on this is still too much of a niche, but there are indications that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton J.M. Loonen
- Unit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Loonen AJM. The Mechanism of Akathisia - Comments on Wu et al. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023;72:40-49. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 75:65-66. [PMID: 37499592 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton J M Loonen
- Pharmacotherapy, -Epidemiology & -Economy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Kaji R. Direct cerebello-striatal loop in dystonia as a possible new target for deep brain stimulation: A revised view of subcortical pathways involved. Front Neurol 2022; 13:912818. [PMID: 36090883 PMCID: PMC9450946 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.912818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is the second most common movement disorder next to tremor, but its pathophysiology remains unsettled. Its therapeutic measures include anti-cholingerics and other medications, in addition to botulinum neurotoxin injections, and stereotaxic surgery including deep brain stimulation (DBS), but there still remain a number of patients resistant to the therapy. Evidence has been accumulating suggesting that basal ganglia in association with the cerebellum are playing a pivotal role in pathogenesis. Clinical observations such as sensory tricks and the effects of muscle afferent stimulation and blockage suggest the conflict between the cortical voluntary motor plan and the subcortical motor program or motor subroutine controlling the intended action semi-automatically. In this review, the current understanding of the possible pathways or loops involved in dystonia is presented, and we review promising new targets for Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) including the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Kaji
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- National Hospital Organization Utano Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Ryuji Kaji
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Fedorenko OY, Paderina DZ, Kornetova EG, Poltavskaya EG, Pozhidaev IV, Goncharova AA, Freidin MB, Bocharova AV, Bokhan NA, Loonen AJM, Ivanova SA. Genes of the Glutamatergic System and Tardive Dyskinesia in Patients with Schizophrenia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071521. [PMID: 35885427 PMCID: PMC9322868 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is an extrapyramidal side effect of the long-term use of antipsychotics. In the present study, the role of glutamatergic system genes in the pathogenesis of total TD, as well as two phenotypic forms, orofacial TD and limb-truncal TD, was studied. Methods: A set of 46 SNPs of the glutamatergic system genes (GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIK4, GRM3, GRM7, GRM8, SLC1A2, SLC1A3, SLC17A7) was studied in a population of 704 Caucasian patients with schizophrenia. Genotyping was performed using the MassARRAY Analyzer 4 (Agena Bioscience™). Logistic regression analysis was performed to test for the association of TD with the SNPs while adjusting for confounders. Results: No statistically significant associations between the SNPs and TD were found after adjusting for multiple testing. Since three SNPs of the SLC1A2 gene demonstrated nominally significant associations, we carried out a haplotype analysis for these SNPs. This analysis identified a risk haplotype for TD comprising CAT alleles of the SLC1A2 gene SNPs rs1042113, rs10768121, and rs12361171. Nominally significant associations were identified for SLC1A3 rs2229894 and orofacial TD, as well as for GRIN2A rs7192557 and limb-truncal TD. Conclusions: Genes encoding for mGlu3, EAAT2, and EAAT1 may be involved in the development of TD in schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Yu. Fedorenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (O.Y.F.); (D.Z.P.); (E.G.K.); (E.G.P.); (I.V.P.); (A.A.G.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Diana Z. Paderina
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (O.Y.F.); (D.Z.P.); (E.G.K.); (E.G.P.); (I.V.P.); (A.A.G.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Elena G. Kornetova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (O.Y.F.); (D.Z.P.); (E.G.K.); (E.G.P.); (I.V.P.); (A.A.G.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniya G. Poltavskaya
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (O.Y.F.); (D.Z.P.); (E.G.K.); (E.G.P.); (I.V.P.); (A.A.G.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Ivan V. Pozhidaev
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (O.Y.F.); (D.Z.P.); (E.G.K.); (E.G.P.); (I.V.P.); (A.A.G.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Anastasiia A. Goncharova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (O.Y.F.); (D.Z.P.); (E.G.K.); (E.G.P.); (I.V.P.); (A.A.G.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Maxim B. Freidin
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (M.B.F.); (A.V.B.)
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Anna V. Bocharova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (M.B.F.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (O.Y.F.); (D.Z.P.); (E.G.K.); (E.G.P.); (I.V.P.); (A.A.G.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton J. M. Loonen
- Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (O.Y.F.); (D.Z.P.); (E.G.K.); (E.G.P.); (I.V.P.); (A.A.G.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Fedorenko OY, Mikhalitskaya EV, Toshchakova VA, Loonen AJM, Bokhan NA, Ivanova SA. Association of PIP4K2A Polymorphisms with Alcohol Use Disorder. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101642. [PMID: 34681036 PMCID: PMC8535504 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) not only influences individuals and families but also has a lasting social impact on communities at the national level. Dopaminergic neurotransmission is involved in excessive alcohol consumption. Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate-4-kinase type 2 α (PIP4K2A) plays an important role in the regulation of ascending dopamine pathways. In this study; we determined possible associations between nine polymorphisms in PIP4K2A and AUD in Russian men. Methods: 279 Russian men with AUD were investigated. The control group consisted of 222 healthy men from the general Russian population. Genotyping of DNA samples for nine polymorphic variants of PIP4K2A was carried out by the Applied Biosystems™ QuantStudio™ 5 Real-Time PCR System with use of the TaqMan1 Validated SNP Genotyping Assay (Applied Biosystems; CIIIA). Results: Carriage of the PIP4K2A rs2230469*TT/T genotype/allele was a relative risk factor for developing AUD in men (p = 0.026 and p = 0.0084 accordingly). Moreover; men with AUD had a higher frequency of PIP4K2A rs746203*T allele (p = 0.023) compared to healthy men. Conclusions: For the first time; we demonstrated different PIP4K2A polymorphisms to be associated with AUD presumably due to dopamine system modulation resulting from regulation of the lateral habenula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Yu. Fedorenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Division for Control and Diagnostics, School of Non-Destructive Testing and Security, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ekaterina V. Mikhalitskaya
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Valentina A. Toshchakova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Anton J. M. Loonen
- PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychological Counseling, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Division for Control and Diagnostics, School of Non-Destructive Testing and Security, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody and the choroid plexus in schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 142:290-298. [PMID: 34411812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune disturbance has been postulated to be one of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of tardive dyskinesia (TD). Recently, the role of autoimmune abnormality in TD has been increasingly recognized. Autoantibodies against neuronal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) may be cross-reactive in the brain in neuropsychiatric disorders, and the choroid plexus (CP) is a crucial immune barrier in the central nervous system (CNS). We supposed that NMDAR antibodies might underlie the pathophysiological process of TD through the mediation of CP. METHODS Serum NMDAR antibody levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, CP and ventricle volumes were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in schizophrenia patients with TD (n = 61), without TD (NTD, n = 61), and in healthy controls (n = 74). Psychopathology and TD severity were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). RESULTS NMDAR antibody levels were significantly higher, CP volumes were larger in the TD group than in the NTD group (p = 0.022; p = 0.019, respectively). In the TD group, higher NMDAR antibody level was correlated with larger CP volume (β = 0.406, p = 0.002). An elevated NMDAR antibody level and enlarged CP volume were correlated with orofacial AIMS score (β = 0.331, p = 0.011; β = 0.459, p = 3.34 × 10-4, respectively). In a mediation model, the effect of NMDAR antibody level on the orofacial AIMS score was mediated by the CP volume (indirect effect: β = 0.08, 95% confidence interval = 0.002-0.225; direct effect: β = 0.14, p = 0.154). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight a potential NMDAR antibody-associated mechanism in orofacial TD, which may be mediated by increased CP volume.
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Levchenko A, Kanapin A, Samsonova A, Fedorenko OY, Kornetova EG, Nurgaliev T, Mazo GE, Semke AV, Kibitov AO, Bokhan NA, Gainetdinov RR, Ivanova SA. A genome-wide association study identifies a gene network associated with paranoid schizophrenia and antipsychotics-induced tardive dyskinesia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 105:110134. [PMID: 33065217 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a cohort of 505 patients with paranoid schizophrenia (SCZ), of which 95 had tardive dyskinesia (TD), and 503 healthy controls. Using data generated by the PsychENCODE Consortium (PEC) and other bioinformatic databases, we revealed a gene network, implicated in neurodevelopment and brain function, associated with both these disorders. Almost all these genes are in gene or isoform co-expression PEC network modules important for the functioning of the brain; the activity of these networks is also altered in SCZ, bipolar disorder and autism spectrum disorders. The associated PEC network modules are enriched for gene ontology terms relevant to the brain development and function (CNS development, neuron development, axon ensheathment, synapse, synaptic vesicle cycle, and signaling receptor activity) and to the immune system (inflammatory response). Results of the present study suggest that orofacial and limbtruncal types of TD seem to share the molecular network with SCZ. Paranoid SCZ and abnormal involuntary movements that indicate the orofacial type of TD are associated with the same genomic loci on chromosomes 3p22.2, 8q21.13, and 13q14.2. The limbtruncal type of TD is associated with a locus on chromosome 3p13 where the best functional candidate is FOXP1, a high-confidence SCZ gene. The results of this study shed light on common pathogenic mechanisms for SCZ and TD, and indicate that the pathogenesis of the orofacial and limbtruncal types of TD might be driven by interacting genes implicated in neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Levchenko
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Alexander Kanapin
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Samsonova
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Fedorenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena G Kornetova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Galina E Mazo
- Department of Endocrine Psychiatry, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Arkadiy V Semke
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexander O Kibitov
- Department of Endocrine Psychiatry, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Serbsky National Medical Research Center on Psychiatry and Addictions, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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Paderina DZ, Boiko AS, Pozhidaev IV, Bocharova AV, Mednova IA, Fedorenko OY, Kornetova EG, Loonen AJ, Semke AV, Bokhan NA, Ivanova SA. Genetic Polymorphisms of 5-HT Receptors and Antipsychotic-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction in Patients with Schizophrenia. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030181. [PMID: 33807811 PMCID: PMC7999828 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial disease with a genetic predisposition. Serotonin and its receptors are involved in antipsychotic-drug-induced metabolic disorders. The present study investigated the association of nine polymorphisms in the four 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (HTR) genes HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR3A, and HTR2C and the gene encoding for the serotonin transporter SLC6A4 with MetS in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS A set of nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms of genes of the serotonergic system was investigated in a population of 475 patients from several Siberian regions (Russia) with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia. Genotyping was performed and the results were analyzed using chi-square tests. RESULTS Polymorphic variant rs521018 (HTR2C) was associated with higher body mass index in patients receiving long-term antipsychotic therapy, but not with drug-induced metabolic syndrome. Rs1150226 (HTR3A) was also associated but did not meet Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that allelic variants of HTR2C genes may have consequences on metabolic parameters. MetS may have too complex a mechanistic background to be studied without dissecting the syndrome into its individual (causal) components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Z. Paderina
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Anastasiia S. Boiko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Ivan V. Pozhidaev
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Anna V. Bocharova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Irina A. Mednova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Olga Yu. Fedorenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Elena G. Kornetova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton J.M. Loonen
- Unit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Arkadiy V. Semke
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (D.Z.P.); (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (I.A.M.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Abstract
Dystonia is by far the most intrusive and invalidating extrapyramidal side effect of potent classical antipsychotic drugs. Antipsychotic drug-induced dystonia is classified in both acute and tardive forms. The incidence of drug-induced dystonia is associated with the affinity to inhibitory dopamine D2 receptors. Particularly acute dystonia can be treated with anticholinergic drugs, but the tardive form may also respond to such antimuscarinic treatment, which contrasts their effects in tardive dyskinesia. Combining knowledge of the pathophysiology of primary focal dystonia with the anatomical and pharmacological organization of the extrapyramidal system may shed some light on the mechanism of antipsychotic drug-induced dystonia. A suitable hypothesis is derived from the understanding that focal dystonia may be due to a faulty processing of somatosensory input, so leading to inappropriate execution of well-trained motor programmes. Neuroplastic alterations of the sensitivity of extrapyramidal medium-sized spiny projection neurons to stimulation, which are induced by the training of specific complex movements, lead to the sophisticated execution of these motor plans. The sudden and non-selective disinhibition of indirect pathway medium-sized spiny projection neurons by blocking dopamine D2 receptors may distort this process. Shutting down the widespread influence of tonically active giant cholinergic interneurons on all medium-sized spiny projection neurons by blocking muscarinic receptors may result in a reduction of the influence of extrapyramidal cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical regulation. Furthermore, striatal cholinergic interneurons have an important role to play in integrating cerebellar input with the output of cerebral cortex, and are also targeted by dopaminergic nigrostriatal fibres affecting dopamine D2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton JM Loonen
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacotherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Geestelijke GezondheidsZorg Westelijk Noord-Brabant (GGZ WNB), Mental Health Hospital, Halsteren, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
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Reinheimer JB, Bressan GN, de Freitas CM, Ceretta APC, Krum BN, Nogara PA, Rodrigues T, Schwerz JP, da Rocha JBT, Fachinetto R. Effects of CATECHIN on reserpine-induced vacuous chewing movements: behavioral and biochemical analysis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 393:2439-2452. [PMID: 32725283 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01923-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of (+)-catechin, a polyphenolic compound, on orofacial dyskinesia (OD) induced by reserpine in mice. The potential modulation of monoaminoxidase (MAO) activity, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) immunoreactivity by catechin were used as biochemical endpoints. The interaction of catechin with MAO-A and MAO-B was determined in vitro and in silico. The effects of catechin on OD induced by reserpine (1 mg/kg for 4 days, subcutaneously) in male Swiss mice were examined. After, catechin (10, 50 or 100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or its vehicle were given for another 20 days. On the 6th, 8th, 15th and 26th day, vacuous chewing movements (VCMs) and locomotor activity were quantified. Biochemical markers (MAO activity, TH and GAD67 immunoreactivity) were evaluated in brain structures. In vitro, catechin inhibited both MAO isoforms at concentrations of 0.34 and 1.03 mM being completely reversible for MAO-A and partially reversible for MAO-B. Molecular docking indicated that the catechin bound in the active site of MAO-A, while in the MAO-B it interacted with the surface of the enzyme in an allosteric site. In vivo, reserpine increased the VCMs and decreased the locomotor activity. Catechin (10 mg/kg), decreased the number of VCMs in the 8th day in mice pre-treated with reserpine without altering other behavioral response. Ex vivo, the MAO activity and TH and GAD67 immunoreactivity were not altered by the treatments. Catechin demonstrated a modest and transitory protective effect in a model of OD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeane Binotto Reinheimer
- ªPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Getulio Nicola Bressan
- ªPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Catiuscia Molz de Freitas
- ªPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Chiapinotto Ceretta
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Nunes Krum
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo Andrei Nogara
- ªPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Talita Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | | | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- ªPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselei Fachinetto
- ªPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
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11
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Pozhidaev IV, Paderina DZ, Fedorenko OY, Kornetova EG, Semke AV, Loonen AJM, Bokhan NA, Wilffert B, Ivanova SA. 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptors and Tardive Dyskinesia in Schizophrenia. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:63. [PMID: 32390801 PMCID: PMC7193905 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a common side effect of antipsychotic treatment. This movement disorder consists of orofacial and limb-truncal components. The present study is aimed at investigating the role of serotonin receptors (HTR) in modulating tardive dyskinesia by genotyping patients with schizophrenia. Methods A set of 29 SNPs of genes of serotonin receptors HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR3A, HTR3B, and HTR6 was studied in a population of 449 Caucasians (226 females and 223 males) with verified clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia (according to ICD-10: F20). Five SNPs were excluded because of low minor allele frequency or for not passing the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test. Affinity of antipsychotics to 5-HT2 receptors was defined according to previous publications. Genotyping was carried out with SEQUENOM Mass Array Analyzer 4. Results Statistically significant associations of rs1928040 of HTR2A gene in groups of patients with orofacial type of TD and total diagnosis of TD was found for alleles, and a statistical trend for genotypes. Moreover, statistically significant associations were discovered in the female group for rs1801412 of HTR2C for alleles and genotypes. Excluding patients who used HTR2A, respectively, HTR2C antagonists changed little to the associations of HTR2A polymorphisms, but caused a major change of the magnitude of the association of HTR2C variants. Due to the low patient numbers, these sub-analyses did not have significant results. Conclusion We found significant associations in rs1928040 of HTR2A and for rs1801412 of X-bound HTR2C in female patients. The associations were particularly related to the orofacial type of TD. Excluding patients using relevant antagonists particularly affected rs1801412, but not rs1928040-related associations. This suggest that rs1801412 is directly or indirectly linked to the functioning of HTR2C. Further study of variants of the HTR2C gene in a larger group of male patients who were not using HTR2C antagonists is necessary in order to verify a possible functional role of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Pozhidaev
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.,Department of Cytology and Genetics, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Diana Z Paderina
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.,Department of Cytology and Genetics, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Fedorenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.,Division for Control and Diagnostics, School of Non-Destructive Testing and Security, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena G Kornetova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.,Hospital, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Arkadiy V Semke
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton J M Loonen
- PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Policy Office for Quality and Innovation of Care (BZI), GGZ Westelijk Noord-Brabant, Halsteren, Netherlands
| | - Nikolay A Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.,Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia.,Department of Psychotherapy and Psychological Counseling, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Bob Wilffert
- PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.,Division for Control and Diagnostics, School of Non-Destructive Testing and Security, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.,Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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12
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Ochi T, Vyalova NM, Losenkov IS, Paderina DZ, Pozhidaev IV, Loonen AJM, Simutkin GG, Bokhan NA, Ivanova SA, Wilffert B. Limited Associations Between 5-HT Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Treatment Response in Antidepressant Treatment-Free Patients With Depression. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1462. [PMID: 31956308 PMCID: PMC6951408 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder has become a prominent cause of disability, as lifetime prevalence has increased to ~15% in the Western world. Pharmacological effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) are mediated through 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (5-HTR) binding. Serotonin regulation of amygdala activity is attained through activation of three 5-HT2 family receptor subtypes, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C. Specifically, HT2A and the HT2C receptors have similar gross cerebral distribution and function, with higher constitutive activity found in HT2C than in HT2A. We investigated the possible association of 5-HTR gene polymorphisms to specific and non-specific antidepressant treatment responses in treatment-free patients in Siberia. 156 patients, aged between 18-70 years and clinically diagnosed with depressive disorders, were treated with antidepressants for 4 weeks. Patients were genotyped for a subset of 29 SNPs from the following 5-HT Receptor genes: HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR3A, HTR3B and HTR6. Primary outcome was measured by differences in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (ΔHAM-D 17) scores between baseline/week two, week two/week four and baseline/week four. Univariate linear regression was initially conducted to determine the 5-HTR SNPs to be studied within the multiple linear regression. Multiple linear regression analyses over the three time periods were conducted for ΔHAM-D 17 with independent factors including: age, gender, depression diagnosis, antidepressant treatment and selected 5-HTR SNPs. We found improved ∆HAM-D 17 in patients taking tricyclic antidepressants (0-4 weeks: B = 4.85, p = 0.0002; 0-2 weeks: B = 3.58, p = 0.002) compared to patients taking SSRIs. Over the course of study, significant associations between 5-HT receptors SNPs and antidepressant response were not identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Ochi
- Department of PharmacoTherapy, - Epidemiology & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Natalya M. Vyalova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Innokentiy S. Losenkov
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Diana Z. Paderina
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Pozhidaev
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton J. M. Loonen
- Department of PharmacoTherapy, - Epidemiology & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- GGZ Westelijk Noord-Brabant, Policy Office for Quality and Innovation of Care (BZI), Halsteren, Netherlands
| | - German G. Simutkin
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychological Counseling, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
- School of Non-Destructive Testing and Security, Division for Control and Diagnostics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Bob Wilffert
- Department of PharmacoTherapy, - Epidemiology & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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