1
|
Moroni-González D, Sarmiento-Ortega VE, Diaz A, Brambila E, Treviño S. Pancreatic Antioxidative Defense and Heat Shock Proteins Prevent Islet of Langerhans Cell Death After Chronic Oral Exposure to Cadmium LOAEL Dose. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3714-3730. [PMID: 37955768 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03955-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, a hazardous environmental contaminant, is associated with metabolic disease development. The dose with the lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL) has not been studied, focusing on its effect on the pancreas. We aimed to evaluate the pancreatic redox balance and heat shock protein (HSP) expression in islets of Langerhans of male Wistar rats chronically exposed to Cd LOAEL doses, linked to their survival. Male Wistar rats were separated into control and cadmium groups (drinking water with 32.5 ppm CdCl2). At 2, 3, and 4 months, glucose, insulin, and cadmium were measured in serum; cadmium and insulin were quantified in isolated islets of Langerhans; and redox balance was analyzed in the pancreas. Immunoreactivity analysis of p-HSF1, HSP70, HSP90, caspase 3 and 9, and cell survival was performed. The results showed that cadmium exposure causes a serum increase and accumulation of the metal in the pancreas and islets of Langerhans, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia, associated with high insulin production. Cd-exposed groups presented high levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. An augment in MT and GSH concentrations with the increased enzymatic activity of the glutathione system, catalase, and superoxide dismutase maintained a favorable redox environment. Additionally, islets of Langerhans showed a high immunoreactivity of HSPs and minimal immunoreactivity to caspase associated with a high survival rate of Langerhans islet cells. In conclusion, antioxidative and HSP pancreatic defense avoids cell death associated with Cd accumulation in chronic conditions; however, this could provoke oversynthesis and insulin release, which is a sign of insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Moroni-González
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 Sur. FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, 72560, Puebla, C.P, Mexico
| | - Victor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 Sur. FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, 72560, Puebla, C.P, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Diaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 22 South, FCQ9, Ciudad Universitaria, 72560, Puebla, C.P, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 Sur. FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, 72560, Puebla, C.P, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 Sur. FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, 72560, Puebla, C.P, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
AlSabagh AT, Rao MS, Renno WM. The impact of heat therapy on neuromuscular function and muscle atrophy in diabetic rats. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1039588. [PMID: 36685197 PMCID: PMC9849254 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1039588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease worldwide and is associated with many systemic complications. Muscle atrophy is one of the significant complications in DM patients, making routine tasks laborious as atrophy continues. It is known that heat stress stimulates heat shock proteins and other proteins that maintain muscle mass; however, it is not thoroughly studied in diabetic conditions. This study addressed whether heat therapy can attenuate muscle atrophy in STZ-induced diabetic rats and explored its mechanism of action on specific muscle proteins. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into short-term (3 weeks) and long-term (6 weeks) experiments. In each experiment rats were divided into control, heat therapy, diabetic and diabetic + heat therapy groups. Rats in heat therapy groups were exposed to heat therapy for 30 min daily for three or six weeks in a temperature-controlled (42°C) chamber. Results: The attenuation of neuromuscular functions assessed by Rotarod, Kondziella's inverted screen, and extensor postural thrust tests showed that diabetic rats exposed to heat therapy performed significantly better than diabetic controls. Muscle cross sectional area data established that heat therapy reduced muscle atrophy by 34.3% within 3 weeks and 44.1% within 6 weeks in the diabetic groups. Further, heat therapy significantly decreased muscle atrophy markers (CD68, KLF, and MAFbx) and significantly elevated muscle hypertrophy markers (AKT, mTOR, and HSP70). Conclusions: This study shows the relevance and clinical significance of utilizing heat therapy as a viable treatment to attenuate muscle atrophy in diabetic patients.
Collapse
|
3
|
Carbohydrate Metabolism in Diabetic Rat’s Heart – The Effects of Acetylsalicylic Acid and Heat Preconditioning as HSP70 Inducers. MACEDONIAN VETERINARY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2022-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The myocardium of diabetic subjects displays reduced HSP70 protein level and weak myocardial protection. However, the heart possesses an ability to produce heat shock proteins (HSPs) after exposure to sublethal heat stress. Acetylsalicylicacid (ASA) has the property of pharmacological induction of HSPs. We evaluated the common effects of single dose ASA-pretreatment, prior to heat preconditioning (HP), over carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes and substrates in the heart of diabetic rats. Streptozotocin-diabetes caused significant decrease of HSP70 protein level, stimulation of the gluconeogenic processes and inhibition of glycolytic processes in the heart. HP-diabetic hearts have significantly higher HSP70 protein level, lower glycogen, glucose-6-phosphate content, glycogen phosphorylase and hexokinase activity, and higher glucose levels and PFK activity. ASA-pretreatment of HP-diabetic animals caused additional increase of HSP70, additional decrease of glycogen, glucose-6-phosphate, glycogen phosphorylase and hexokinase, and additional increase of glucose and PFK in the heart. In conclusion, HP is physiological inducer of HSP70 level in heart and tends to reverse carbohydrate - related disturbances in diabetic rats. ASA, given prior to HP, is a potent HSP70 co-inducer and causes additional increase of HSP70 protein level in heart. ASA, given in a combination to HP, have shown more evident protective effects against subsequent intense of stress.
Collapse
|
4
|
Balasubramanian PS, Lal A. GHz Ultrasound and Electrode Chip-Scale Arrays Stimulate and Influence Morphology of Human Neural Cells. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2022; 69:1898-1909. [PMID: 35180080 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2022.3152427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the effects of chip-scale gigahertz (GHz) ultrasound (US) and electrical stimulus on the morphology, functionality, and viability of neural cells in vitro. The GHz frequency stimulation is achieved using aluminum nitride piezoelectric transducers fabricated on a silicon wafer, operating at 1.47 GHz, corresponding to the film's thickness mode resonance. These devices are used to stimulate SH-SY5Y neural cells in vitro and observe effects on the morphology and viability of the stimulated cells. It is possible to use these devices to deliver either ultrasonic stimulus alone or US stimulus in conjunction with electrical stimulus. Viability tests demonstrated that the neurons retained structural integrity and viability across a wide range of GHz US stimulus intensities (0-1.2 W/cm2), validating that measurements occur at nontoxic doses of US. Neural stimulation is validated with these devices following the outputs of a previous study, with the normalized fluorescence intensity of activated cells between 1.9 and 2.4. The 300-s ultrasonic stimulation at 1.47 GHz and 0.05 W/cm2 peak intensity led to a decrease in nuclear elongation by 17.5% and a cross-sectional area decrease by 17.8% across three independent trials of over 150 cells per category ( ). The F-actin governed cellular elongation increased in length by up to 16.3% in cells exposed to an ultrasonic stimulus or costimulus ( ). Neurite length increased following ultrasonic stimulation compared with control by 75.8% ( ). This article demonstrates new GHz US and electrical chip-scale arrays with apparent effects in both neural excitation and cell morphology.
Collapse
|
5
|
Sebők J, Édel Z, Váncsa S, Farkas N, Kiss S, Erőss B, Török Z, Balogh G, Balogi Z, Nagy R, Hooper PL, Geiger PC, Wittmann I, Vigh L, Dembrovszky F, Hegyi P. Heat therapy shows benefit in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 38:1650-1659. [PMID: 34808071 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.2003445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common health condition which prevalence increases with age. Besides lifestyle modifications, passive heating could be a promising intervention to improve glycemic control. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of passive heat therapy on glycemic and cardiovascular parameters, and body weight among patients with T2DM. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were reported according to PRISMA Statement. We conducted a systematic search in three databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL) from inception to 19 August 2021. We included interventional studies reporting on T2DM patients treated with heat therapy. The main outcomes were the changes in pre-and post-treatment cardiometabolic parameters (fasting plasma glucose, glycated plasma hemoglobin, and triglyceride). For these continuous variables, weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Study protocol number: CRD42020221500. RESULTS Five studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis, respectively. The results showed a not significant difference in the hemoglobin A1c [WMD -0.549%, 95% CI (-1.262, 0.164), p = 0.131], fasting glucose [WMD -0.290 mmol/l, 95% CI (-0.903, 0.324), p = 0.355]. Triglyceride [WMD 0.035 mmol/l, 95% CI (-0.130, 0.200), p = 0.677] levels were comparable regarding the pre-, and post intervention values. CONCLUSION Passive heating can be beneficial for patients with T2DM since the slight improvement in certain cardiometabolic parameters support that. However, further randomized controlled trials with longer intervention and follow-up periods are needed to confirm the beneficial effect of passive heat therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Sebők
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrology-Diabetes Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Édel
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrology-Diabetes Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Váncsa
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nelli Farkas
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Kiss
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bálint Erőss
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Török
- LipidArt Ltd., Szeged, Hungary.,Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Balogh
- LipidArt Ltd., Szeged, Hungary.,Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Balogi
- Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Nagy
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Philip L Hooper
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Paige C Geiger
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Wittmann
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrology-Diabetes Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Vigh
- LipidArt Ltd., Szeged, Hungary.,Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Dembrovszky
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
NR4A1 enhances MKP7 expression to diminish JNK activation induced by ROS or ER-stress in pancreatic β cells for surviving. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:133. [PMID: 34088892 PMCID: PMC8178316 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00521-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Under adverse conditions, such as sustained or chronic hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia, ROS (reactive oxygen species) or/and ER-stress (endoplasmic reticulum stress) will be induced in pancreatic β cells. ROS or ER-stress damages β-cells even leads to apoptosis. Previously we found ROS or ER-stress resulted in JNK activation in β cells and overexpressing NR4A1 in MIN6 cells reduced JNK activation via modulating cbl-b expression and subsequent degrading the upstream JNK kinase (MKK4). To search other possible mechanisms, we found the mRNA level and protein level of MKP7 (a phosphatase for phospho-JNK) were dramatic reduced in pancreatic β cells in the islets from NR4A1 KO mice compared with that from wild type mice. To confirm what we found in animals, we applied pancreatic β cells (MIN6 cells) and found that the expression of MKP7 was increased in NR4A1-overexpression MIN6 cells. We further found that knocking down the expression of MKP7 increased the p-JNK level in pancreatic β cells upon treatment with TG or H2O2. After that, we figured out that NR4A1 did enhance the transactivation of the MKP7 promoter by physical association with two putative binding sites. In sum, NR4A1 attenuates JNK phosphorylation incurred by ER-stress or ROS partially via enhancing MKP7 expression, potentially decreases pancreatic β cell apoptosis induced by ROS or ER-stress. Our finding provides a clue for diabetes prevention.
Collapse
|
7
|
A novel condition of mild electrical stimulation exerts immunosuppression via hydrogen peroxide production that controls multiple signaling pathway. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234867. [PMID: 32569300 PMCID: PMC7307747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Different modes of exogenous electrical stimulation at physiological strength has been applied to various diseases. Previously, we extensively demonstrated the usability of mild electrical stimulation (MES) with low frequency pulse current at 55 pulses per second (MES55) for several disease conditions. Here we found that MES with high frequency pulse-current (5500 pulse per second; MES5500) suppressed the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin in Jurkat T cells and primary splenocytes. MES5500 also suppressed the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines, improved liver damage and reduced mouse spleen enlargement in concanavalin-A-treated BALB/c mice. The molecular mechanism underlying these effects included the ability of MES5500 to induce modest amount of hydrogen peroxide and control multiple signaling pathways important for immune regulation, such as NF-κB, NFAT and NRF2. In the treatment of various inflammatory and immune-related diseases, suppression of excessive inflammatory cytokines is key, but because immunosuppressive drugs used in the clinical setting have serious side effects, development of safer methods of inhibiting cytokines is required. Our finding provides evidence that physical medicine in the form of MES5500 may be considered as a novel therapeutic tool or as adjunctive therapy for inflammatory and immune-related diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gerazova-Efremova K, Kjovkarovska SD, Domazetovska S, Miova B. Nicotinamide and heat preconditioning - Effects on hepatic HSP70, carbohydrate and oxidative disturbances in STZ-induced diabetic rats. J Therm Biol 2020; 91:102645. [PMID: 32716886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nicotinamide (NA) is known to have antioxidant potential and partially to protect insulin-secreting cells against diabetogenic agent STZ (streptozotocin). In a combination to heat stress (HS), NA is also known to induce heat-shock proteins (HSPs) production. Heat preconditioning (HP) and HSPs have cytoprotective effects against development of cellular injury caused by application of subsequent stressor. We aimed to determine if pretreatment with NA and HP (as HSP70 -inducers) can affect STZ-induced diabetic disturbances in rats. METHODS NA-pretreatment (250 mg/kg b.w., 7 days) and heat preconditioning (41 ± 1 °C, 45 min) of diabetic rats was performed. The changes in hepatic carbohydrate- and antioxidative-related enzymes and substrates were investigated. RESULTS NA-pretreatment, alone or in combination with HS, resulted in significant increase of HSP70 concentration in the liver of control and diabetic rats. Compared to diabetic controls, pretreatment with NA, in combination with HP, resulted in decrease of blood and liver glucose, increase of glycogen and glucose-6-phosphate level, increase of glycogenolytic/glycolytic enzymes, decrease of gluconeogenic enzymes, as well as an increase of glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase, decrease of glutathione reductase and catalase activities. CONCLUSIONS NA is a potent HSP70 coinducer, alone or in a combination with HS in the liver of both control and diabetic rats. Pretreatment with NA, accompanied by HP, has a pronounced corrective effect on STZ-induced diabetes disturbances in the key hepatic carbohydrate- and antioxidative-related parameters. It seems that this corrective effect is based on the increased production of hepatic HSP70.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzana Dinevska- Kjovkarovska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University "St Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, R. North Macedonia.
| | - Saska Domazetovska
- PHI University Clinic of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Center Mother Theresa Skopje, R. North Macedonia.
| | - Biljana Miova
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University "St Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, R. North Macedonia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lakshmi PK, Kumar S, Pawar S, Kuriakose BB, Sudheesh MS, Pawar RS. Targeting metabolic syndrome with phytochemicals: Focus on the role of molecular chaperones and hormesis in drug discovery. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104925. [PMID: 32492491 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive cellular stress response confers stress tolerance against inflammatory and metabolic disorders. In response to metabolic stress, the key mediator of cellular adaptation and tolerance is a class of molecules called the molecular chaperones (MCs). MCs are highly conserved molecules that play critical role in maintaining protein stability and functionality. Hormesis in this context is a unique adaptation mechanism where a low dose of a stressor (which is toxic at high dose) confers a stress-resistant adaptive cellular phenotype. Hormesis can be observed at different level of biological organization at various measurable endpoints. The MCs are believed to play a key role in adaptation during hormesis. Several phytochemicals are known for their hormetic response and are called phytochemical hormetins. The role of phytochemical-mediated hormesis on the adaptive cellular processes is proposed as a potential therapeutic approach to target inflammation associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the screening of phytochemical hormetins would require a paradigm shift in the methods currently used in drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Lakshmi
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, VNS Campus, Vidya Vihar, Neelbad-462044, Bhopal, MP, India
| | - Shweta Kumar
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, VNS Campus, Vidya Vihar, Neelbad-462044, Bhopal, MP, India
| | - Sulakshhna Pawar
- Ravi Shankar College of Pharmacy, Bypass Road, Bhanpur Square, Bhopal, MP 462010, India
| | - Beena Briget Kuriakose
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Khamis, Mushayt, Saudi Arabia
| | - M S Sudheesh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Health Science Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Rajesh Singh Pawar
- Truba Institute of Pharmacy, Karond-Gandhi Nagar, By Pass Road, Bhopal, 462038, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sacco F, Seelig A, Humphrey SJ, Krahmer N, Volta F, Reggio A, Marchetti P, Gerdes J, Mann M. Phosphoproteomics Reveals the GSK3-PDX1 Axis as a Key Pathogenic Signaling Node in Diabetic Islets. Cell Metab 2019; 29:1422-1432.e3. [PMID: 30879985 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Progressive decline of pancreatic beta cell function is central to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Protein phosphorylation regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from beta cells, but how signaling networks are remodeled in diabetic islets in vivo remains unknown. Using high-sensitivity mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we quantified 6,500 proteins and 13,000 phosphopeptides in islets of obese diabetic mice and matched controls, revealing drastic remodeling of key kinase hubs and signaling pathways. Integration with a literature-derived signaling network implicated GSK3 kinase in the control of the beta cell-specific transcription factor PDX1. Deep phosphoproteomic analysis of human islets chronically treated with high glucose demonstrated a conserved glucotoxicity-dependent role of GSK3 kinase in regulating insulin secretion. Remarkably, the ability of beta cells to secrete insulin in response to glucose was rescued almost completely by pharmacological inhibition of GSK3. Thus, our resource enables investigation of mechanisms and drug targets in type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sacco
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00100 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anett Seelig
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85748 Garching, Munich, Germany
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Francesco Volta
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85748 Garching, Munich, Germany
| | - Alessio Reggio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jantje Gerdes
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85748 Garching, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kitano S, Kondo T, Matsuyama R, Ono K, Goto R, Takaki Y, Hanatani S, Sakaguchi M, Igata M, Kawashima J, Motoshima H, Matsumura T, Kai H, Araki E. Impact of hepatic HSP72 on insulin signaling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E305-E318. [PMID: 30532989 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00215.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) is a major inducible molecule in the heat shock response that enhances intracellular stress tolerance. Decreased expression of HSP72 is observed in type 2 diabetes, which may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. We used HSP72 knockout (HSP72-KO) mice to investigate the impact of HSP72 on glucose metabolism and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, particularly in the liver. Under a high-fat diet (HFD) condition, HSP72-KO mice showed glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and enhanced hepatic gluconeogenic activity. Furthermore, activity of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) was increased and insulin signaling suppressed in the liver. Liver-specific expression of HSP72 by lentivirus (lenti) in HFD-fed HSP72-KO mice ameliorated insulin resistance and hepatic gluconeogenic activity. Furthermore, increased adipocyte size and hepatic steatosis induced by the HFD were suppressed in HSP72-KO lenti-HSP72 mice. Increased JNK activity and ER stress upon HFD were suppressed in the liver as well as the white adipose tissue of HSP72-KO lenti-HSP72 mice. Thus, HSP72 KO caused a deterioration in glucose metabolism, hepatic gluconeogenic activity, and β-cell function. Moreover, liver-specific recovery of HSP72 restored glucose homeostasis. Therefore, hepatic HSP72 may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Kitano
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kondo
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Rina Matsuyama
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Kaoru Ono
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Rieko Goto
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yuki Takaki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Satoko Hanatani
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Masaji Sakaguchi
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Motoyuki Igata
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Junji Kawashima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoshima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Global COE "Cell Fate Regulation Research and Education Unit, " Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao ZW, Zhang M, Chen LY, Gong D, Xia XD, Yu XH, Wang SQ, Ou X, Dai XY, Zheng XL, Zhang DW, Tang CK. Heat shock protein 70 accelerates atherosclerosis by downregulating the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 through the JNK/Elk-1 pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:806-822. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
13
|
Tsurekawa Y, Morita M, Suico MA, Moriuchi M, Nakano Y, Piruzyan M, Takada M, Fukami S, Shuto T, Kai H. Mild electrical stimulation with heat shock reduces inflammatory symptoms in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:1092-1097. [PMID: 29928760 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease caused by immune disorder. The chronic skin inflammation involves inflammatory molecules that are released from T lymphocytes and keratinocytes. Therefore, developing an anti-inflammatory therapy that is suitable for long-term treatment is needed. Electrical stimulation induces biological responses by modulating intracellular signaling pathways. Our previous studies showed that the optimized combination treatment of mild electrical stimulation (MES, 0.1-millisecond; ms, 55-pulses per second; pps) and heat shock (HS, 42°C) modulates inflammatory symptoms of metabolic disorders and chronic kidney disease in mice models and clinical trials. Here, we investigated the effect of MES+HS treatment on imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model. Topical application of imiquimod cream (15 mg) to mice ear induced keratinocyte hyperproliferation and psoriasis-like inflammation. In MES+HS-treated mice, imiquimod-induced skin hyperplasia was significantly decreased. MES+HS treatment reduced the protein expression of IL-17A and the infiltration of CD3-positive cells in lesioned skin. In addition, MES+HS-treated mice had decreased mRNA expression level of antimicrobial molecules (S100A8 and Reg3γ) which aggravate psoriasis. In IL-17A-stimulated HaCaT cells, MES+HS treatment significantly lowered the mRNA expression of aggravation markers (S100A8, S100A9 and β-defensin2). Taken together, our study suggested that MES+HS treatment improves the pathology of psoriasis via decreasing the expression of inflammatory molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tsurekawa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Misaki Morita
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Moriuchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshio Nakano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mariam Piruzyan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sanako Fukami
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Avenatti R, McKeever K, Horohov D, Malinowski K. Effects of age and exercise on inflammatory cytokines, HSP70 and HSP90 gene expression and protein content in Standardbred horses. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.3920/cep170020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesised that the cortisol response to acute exercise, markers of oxidative stress, expression of inflammatory cytokines, heat shock protein (HSP)70 and HSP90 expression in whole blood and skeletal muscle, and HSP70 and HSP90 protein concentrations in skeletal muscle are altered by age and in response to acute submaximal exercise in horses. Young (n=6; 5.5±2.8 year) and aged (n=6; 22.6±2.25 year) unconditioned Standardbred mares underwent an acute submaximal exercise test. Blood samples were collected and analysed for plasma cortisol and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and for cytokine and HSP gene expression pre- and post-exercise. Gluteus medius biopsies were obtained for analysis of cytokine and HSP gene expression pre- and at 0, 4, 24 and 48 h post-exercise. Data were analysed for main effects using a two-way ANOVA for repeated measures. Post-hoc comparisons of means were conducted using Student-Neuman-Keuls for pair-wise multiple comparisons where appropriate. Acute submaximal exercise increased plasma cortisol concentration in both young and aged mares, and the duration of the post-exercise rise in cortisol was altered in aged horses. Plasma MDA concentration and expression of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 were unchanged in blood and muscle. Exercise increased IL-1β expression in whole blood of young and aged mares, with young mares having greater exercise-induced expression at 2 (P<0.001) and 4 (P=0.019) h post-exercise. Both young and aged horses had increased HSP70 expression in whole blood following acute exercise, with young horses exhibiting 3-fold greater HSP70 expression than aged mares at 2 h post-exercise. HSP90 expression in whole blood following exercise was increased only in young horses. Both young and aged horses had increased HSP90 expression in skeletal muscle following exercise, but there was no difference due to age. However, the timing of HSP70 expression was different between young and aged horses. The age-related changes in cortisol and IL-1β expression following acute submaximal exercise can have implications for energy homeostasis and the adaption to such disturbances at a cellular and whole animal level. Quantification of HSP expression in whole blood may be a useful biomarker, with implications for cellular adaptation and survival in aged horses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R.C. Avenatti
- Department of Animal Science, Equine Science Center, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Kindred Biosciences, 1555 Old Bayshore Hwy #200, Burlingame, CA 94010, USA
| | - K.H. McKeever
- Department of Animal Science, Equine Science Center, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - D.W. Horohov
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - K. Malinowski
- Department of Animal Science, Equine Science Center, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Su KH, Dai C. Metabolic control of the proteotoxic stress response: implications in diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4231-4248. [PMID: 27289378 PMCID: PMC5599143 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteome homeostasis, or proteostasis, is essential to maintain cellular fitness and its disturbance is associated with a broad range of human health conditions and diseases. Cells are constantly challenged by various extrinsic and intrinsic insults, which perturb cellular proteostasis and provoke proteotoxic stress. To counter proteomic perturbations and preserve proteostasis, cells mobilize the proteotoxic stress response (PSR), an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional program mediated by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). The HSF1-mediated PSR guards the proteome against misfolding and aggregation. In addition to proteotoxic stress, emerging studies reveal that this proteostatic mechanism also responds to cellular energy state. This regulation is mediated by the key cellular metabolic sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In this review, we present an overview of the maintenance of proteostasis by HSF1, the metabolic regulation of the PSR, particularly focusing on AMPK, and their implications in the two major age-related diseases-diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hui Su
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Chengkai Dai
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kondo T, Goto R, Ono K, Kitano S, Suico MA, Sato M, Igata M, Kawashima J, Motoshima H, Matsumura T, Kai H, Araki E. Activation of heat shock response to treat obese subjects with type 2 diabetes: a prospective, frequency-escalating, randomized, open-label, triple-arm trial. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35690. [PMID: 27759092 PMCID: PMC5069544 DOI: 10.1038/srep35690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of heat shock response (HSR) improves accumulated visceral adiposity and metabolic abnormalities in type 2 diabetes. To identify the optimal intervention strategy of the activation of the HSR provided by mild electrical stimulation (MES) with heat shock (HS) in type 2 diabetes. This study was a prospective, frequency-escalating, randomized, open-label, triple-arm trial in Japan. A total of 60 obese type 2 diabetes patients were randomized into three groups receiving two, four, or seven treatments per week for 12 weeks. No adverse events were identified. MES + HS treatment (when all three groups were combined), significantly improved visceral adiposity, glycemic control, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, renal function, hepatic steatosis and lipid profile compared to baseline. The reduction in HbA1c was significantly greater among those treated four times per week (−0.36%) or seven times per week (−0.65%) than among those treated two times per week (−0.10%). The relative HbA1c levels in seven times per week group was significantly decreased when adjusted by two times per week group (−0.55%. p = 0.001). This research provides the positive impact of MES + HS to treat obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kondo
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Rieko Goto
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ono
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kitano
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Miki Sato
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Igata
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Junji Kawashima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoshima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yu L, Wang H, Guo Z, Li F, Cui H. Role of nucleolar protein NOM1 in pancreatic islet β cell apoptosis in diabetes. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2275-2280. [PMID: 27698723 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease that results from impairment in insulin secretion. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of NOM1 in the function of pancreatic islet β cells and insulin secretion. MIN6 cells isolated from mice were transfected with siRNA-NOM1 to assess the influence of NOM1 on the expression of the cell apoptosis-associated proteins, such as caspase-3. In addition, MIN6 cells were cultured in medium containing different glucose concentrations in order to assess the sensitivity of MIN6 cells to glucose. The effect of NOM1 expression and glucose on MIN6 cell proliferation was also analyzed using an MTT assay. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of insulin 1 and 2 in MIN6 cells were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, while the expression levels of various cell apoptosis-associated proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax, were analyzed using western blot analysis. Compared with the control group, downregulation NOM1 and high glucose concentration of 25 mM significantly increased the cleaved caspase-3 level in MIN6 cells (P<0.05). In addition, downregulation of NOM1 significantly inhibited the MIN6 cell proliferation ability and reduced the insulin 2 mRNA expression (P<0.05). NOM1 knockdown also resulted in significantly increased Bax2 level and decreased Bcl-2 level in MIN6 cells (P<0.05). However no significant difference in insulin mRNA expression was observed between the control and siRNA-NOM1-transfected group (P>0.05). In conclusion, the present study suggested that NOM1 expression may be affected by blood glucose, and that NOM1 may be associated with pancreatic islet β cell apoptosis. In addition, NOM1 may serve a pivotal role in diabetes by affecting insulin synthesis and secretion in pancreatic islet β cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Huifeng Wang
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongxiu Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Fenghua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Cui
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kavanagh K, Davis AT, Jenkins KA, Flynn DM. Effects of heated hydrotherapy on muscle HSP70 and glucose metabolism in old and young vervet monkeys. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:717-25. [PMID: 27188431 PMCID: PMC4908005 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0699-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in aged and/or insulin-resistant animal models confers benefits to healthspan and lifespan. Heat application to increase core temperature induces HSPs in metabolically important tissues, and preliminary human and animal data suggest that heated hydrotherapy is an effective method to achieve increased HSPs. However, safety concerns exist, particularly in geriatric medicine where organ and cardiovascular disease commonly will preexist. We evaluated young vervet monkeys compared to old, insulin-resistant vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) in their core temperatures, glucose tolerance, muscle HSP70 level, and selected safety biomarkers after 10 sessions of hot water immersions administered twice weekly. Hot water immersion robustly induced the heat shock response in muscles. We observed that heat-treated old and young monkeys have significantly higher muscle HSP70 than control monkeys and treatment was without significant adverse effects on organ or cardiovascular health. Heat therapy improved pancreatic responses to glucose challenge and tended to normalize glucose excursions. A trend for worsened blood pressure and glucose values in the control monkeys and improved values in heat-treated monkeys were seen to support further investigation into the safety and efficacy of this intervention for metabolic syndrome or diabetes in young or old persons unable to exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Kavanagh
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Ashely T Davis
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kurt A Jenkins
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - D Mickey Flynn
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rivas E, Newmire DE, Crandall CG, Hooper PL, Ben-Ezra V. An acute bout of whole body passive hyperthermia increases plasma leptin, but does not alter glucose or insulin responses in obese type 2 diabetics and healthy adults. J Therm Biol 2016; 59:26-33. [PMID: 27264884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute and chronic hyperthermic treatments in diabetic animal models repeatedly improve insulin sensitivity and glycemic control. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that an acute 1h bout of hyperthermic treatment improves glucose, insulin, and leptin responses to an oral glucose challenge (OGTT) in obese type 2 diabetics and healthy humans. Nine obese (45±7.1% fat mass) type 2 diabetics (T2DM: 50.1±12y, 7.5±1.8% HbA1c) absent of insulin therapy and nine similar aged (41.1±13.7y) healthy non-obese controls (HC: 33.4±7.8% fat mass, P<0.01; 5.3±0.4% HbA1c, P<0.01) participated. Using a randomized design, subjects underwent either a whole body passive hyperthermia treatment via head-out hot water immersion (1h resting in 39.4±0.4°C water) that increased internal temperature above baseline by ∆1.6±0.4°C or a control resting condition. Twenty-four hours post treatments, a 75g OGTT was administered to evaluate changes in plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and leptin concentrations. Hyperthermia itself did not alter area under the curve for plasma glucose, insulin, or C-peptide during the OGTT in either group. Fasting absolute and normalized (kg·fat mass) plasma leptin was significantly increased (P<0.01) only after the hyperthermic exposure by 17% in T2DM and 24% in HC groups (P<0.001) when compared to the control condition. These data indicate that an acute hyperthermic treatment does not improve glucose tolerance 24h post treatment in moderate metabolic controlled obese T2DM or HC individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rivas
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science & Department of Pediatrics, The University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Kinesiology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA; Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Dan E Newmire
- Department of Kinesiology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Craig G Crandall
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philip L Hooper
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vic Ben-Ezra
- Department of Kinesiology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xie G, Cole LC, Zhao LD, Skrzypek MV, Sanders SR, Rhoads ML, Baumgard LH, Rhoads RP. Skeletal muscle and hepatic insulin signaling is maintained in heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:4032-4042. [PMID: 26971163 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiparous cows (n=12; parity=2; 136±8 d in milk, 560±32kg of body weight) housed in climate-controlled chambers were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) consisting primarily of alfalfa hay and steam-flaked corn. During the first experimental period (P1), all 12 cows were housed in thermoneutral conditions (18°C, 20% humidity) with ad libitum intake for 9 d. During the second experimental period (P2), half of the cows were fed for ad libitum intake and subjected to heat-stress conditions [WFHS, n=6; cyclical temperature 31.1 to 38.9°C, 20% humidity: minimum temperature humidity index (THI)=73, maximum THI=80.5], and half of the cows were pair-fed to match the intake of WFHS cows in thermal neutral conditions (TNPF, n=6) for 9 d. Rectal temperature and respiration rate were measured thrice daily at 0430, 1200, and 1630 h. To evaluate muscle and liver insulin responsiveness, biopsies were obtained immediately before and after an insulin tolerance test on the last day of each period. Insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), AKT/protein kinase B (AKT), and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) were measured by Western blot analyses for both tissues. During P2, WFHS increased rectal temperature and respiration rate by 1.48°C and 2.4-fold, respectively. Heat stress reduced dry matter intake by 8kg/d and, by design, TNPF cows had similar intake reductions. Milk yield was decreased similarly (30%) in WFHS and TNPF cows, and both groups entered into a similar (-4.5 Mcal/d) calculated negative energy balance during P2. Insulin infusion caused a less rapid glucose disposal in P2 compared with P1, but glucose clearance did not differ between environments in P2. In liver, insulin increased p-AKT protein content in each period. Phosphorylation ratio of AKT increased 120% in each period after insulin infusion. In skeletal muscle, protein abundance of the IR, IRS, and AKT remained stable between periods and environment. Insulin increased skeletal muscle p-AKT in each period, but the phosphorylation ratio (abundance of phosphorylated protein:abundance of total protein) of AKT was decreased in P2 for TNPF animals, but not during WFHS. These results indicate that mild systemic insulin resistance during HS may be related to reduced nutrient intake but skeletal muscle and liver insulin signaling remains unchanged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Xie
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - L C Cole
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721
| | - L D Zhao
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - M V Skrzypek
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721
| | - S R Sanders
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721
| | - M L Rhoads
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - L H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50014
| | - R P Rhoads
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg 24061.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Araki E, Kondo T, Kai H. Cellular stress response pathways and diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13340-015-0229-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
Induction of Heat Shock Proteins in the Therapy of Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome. EBioMedicine 2015; 1:14-5. [PMID: 26137508 PMCID: PMC4457426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
23
|
Suppressed expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases in hyperthermia induced defective neural tube. Neurosci Lett 2015; 594:6-11. [PMID: 25818329 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common congenital malformations. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway is involved in many physiological processes. HMGB1 has been showed closely associated with neurulation and NTDs induced by hyperthermia and could activate MAPKs pathway. Since hyperthermia caused increased activation of MAPKs in many systems, the present study aims to investigate whether HMGB1 contributes to hyperthermia induced NTDs through MAPKs pathway. The mRNA levels of MAPKs and HMGB1 between embryonic day 8.5 and 10 (E8.5-10) in hyperthermia induced defective neural tube were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). By immunofluorescence and western blotting, the expressions of HMGB1 and phosphorylated MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK and p38) in neural tubes after hyperthermia were studied. The mRNA levels of MAPKs and HMGB1, as well as the expressions of HMGB1 along with phosphorylated JNK, p38 and ERK, were downregulated in NTDs groups induced by hyperthermia compared with control. The findings suggested that HMGB1 may contribute to hyperthermia induced NTDs formation through decreased cell proliferation due to inhibited phosphorylated ERK1/2 MAPK.
Collapse
|
24
|
Guo ZJ, Guo Z. Non-excitatory electrical stimulation attenuates myocardial infarction via homeostasis of calcitonin gene-related peptide in myocardium. Peptides 2015; 65:46-52. [PMID: 25687546 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation has been shown protection of brain, retina, optic nerves and pancreatic β-cells but the effect on cardio-protection is still unknown. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) participates in the pathology of injury and protection of myocardium but whether or not electrical stimulation modulates endogenous CGRP is not clear. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: (1) control group, without any treatment. (2) I/R group, animals were subjected to 30 min of myocardial ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion. (3) NES+I/R group, non-excitatory electrical stimulation (NES) was commenced from 15 min before coronary artery occlusion till the end of reperfusion. (4) I/R+CGRP8-37 group, animals were given with CGRP8-37 (an antagonist of CGRP receptor, 10(-7) mol/L, 0.3 ml, i.v.) at 5 min before reperfusion without any electrical stimulation. The hemodynamics and electrocardiogram were monitored and recorded. Infarct size and troponin I were examined and CGRP expression in the myocardium and serum was analyzed. It was found that the infarct size and TnI were significantly reduced in NES+I/R group, by 45% and 58% respectively, accompanied by an obvious fall back of CGRP in myocardium, compared to I/R group (all p<0.05). Treatment with CGRP8-37 resulted in the same protection on myocardium as NES did. No significant difference in hemodynamics or ventricular tachycardia was detected among the groups (all p>0.05). It can be concluded that NES reduced the infarction size after acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, for which the underlying mechanism may be associated with modulation of endogenous CGRP in myocardium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jia Guo
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjiannan Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjiannan Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Department of Anesthesia, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, National Education Commission, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Victoria Sanz Fernandez M, Johnson JS, Abuajamieh M, Stoakes SK, Seibert JT, Cox L, Kahl S, Elsasser TH, Ross JW, Isom SC, Rhoads RP, Baumgard LH. Effects of heat stress on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in growing pigs. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/2/e12315. [PMID: 25716927 PMCID: PMC4393217 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) jeopardizes human and animal health and reduces animal agriculture productivity; however, its pathophysiology is not well understood. Study objectives were to evaluate the direct effects of HS on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Female pigs (57 ± 5 kg body weight) were subjected to two experimental periods. During period 1, all pigs remained in thermoneutral conditions (TN; 20°C) and were ad libitum fed. During period 2, pigs were exposed to: (1) constant HS conditions (32°C) and fed ad libitum (n = 7), or (2) TN conditions and pair-fed (PFTN; n = 10) to minimize the confounding effects of dissimilar feed intake. All pigs received an intravenous glucose tolerance test (GTT) and an epinephrine challenge (EC) in period 1, and during the early and late phases of period 2. After 8 days of environmental exposure, all pigs were killed and tissue samples were collected. Despite a similar reduction in feed intake (39%), HS pigs tended to have decreased circulating nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA; 20%) and a blunted NEFA response (71%) to the EC compared to PFTN pigs. During early exposure, HS increased basal circulating C-peptide (55%) and decreased the insulinogenic index (45%) in response to the GTT. Heat-stressed pigs had a reduced T3 to T4 ratio (56%) and hepatic 5'-deiodinase activity (58%). After 8 days, HS decreased or tended to decrease the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation in liver and skeletal muscle, and ATGL in adipose tissue. In summary, HS markedly alters both lipid and carbohydrate metabolism independently of nutrient intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jay S Johnson
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Sara K Stoakes
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jacob T Seibert
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Lindsay Cox
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Stanislaw Kahl
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Theodore H Elsasser
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jason W Ross
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - S Clay Isom
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Robert P Rhoads
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Lance H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bettaieb A, Averill-Bates DA. Thermotolerance induced at a mild temperature of 40°C alleviates heat shock-induced ER stress and apoptosis in HeLa cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:52-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
27
|
Matsuyama S, Moriuchi M, Suico MA, Yano S, Morino-Koga S, Shuto T, Yamanaka K, Kondo T, Araki E, Kai H. Mild electrical stimulation increases stress resistance and suppresses fat accumulation via activation of LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway in C. elegans. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114690. [PMID: 25490091 PMCID: PMC4260911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrical current at physiological strength has been applied as a therapeutic approach for various diseases. Several of our works showed that mild electrical stimulation (MES) at 0.1-ms pulse width has positive impact on organisms. But despite the growing evidence of the beneficial effects of MES, its effects on individual animals and the molecular underpinnings are poorly understood and rarely studied. Here, we examined the effects of MES on individual animal and its mechanisms by mainly using Caenorhabditis elegans, a powerful genetic model organism. Interestingly, MES increased stress resistance and suppressed excess fat accumulation in wild-type N2 worms but not in AMPK/AAK-2 and LKB1/PAR-4 mutant worms. MES promoted the nuclear localization of transcription factors DAF-16 and SKN-1 and consequently increased the expression of anti-stress genes, whereas MES inhibited the nuclear localization of SBP-1 and suppressed the expression of lipogenic genes. Moreover, we found that MES induced the activation of LKB1/PAR4-AMPK/AAK2 pathway in C. elegans and in several mammalian cell lines. The mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular ATP level were slightly and transiently decreased by MES leading to the activation of LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway. Together, we firstly and genetically demonstrated that MES exerts beneficial effects such as stress resistance and suppression of excess fat accumulation, via activation of LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Matsuyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Masataka Moriuchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Yano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Saori Morino-Koga
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Kunitoshi Yamanaka
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kondo
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kondo T, Ono K, Kitano S, Matsuyama R, Goto R, Suico MA, Kawasaki S, Igata M, Kawashima J, Motoshima H, Matsumura T, Kai H, Araki E. Mild Electrical Stimulation with Heat Shock Reduces Visceral Adiposity and Improves Metabolic Abnormalities in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome or Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Crossover Trials. EBioMedicine 2014; 1:80-9. [PMID: 26137510 PMCID: PMC4457350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The induction of heat shock protein (HSP) 72 by mild electrical stimulation with heat shock (MES + HS), which improves visceral adiposity and insulin resistance in mice, may be beneficial in treating metabolic syndrome (MS) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Using open-label crossover trials, 40 subjects with MS or T2DM were randomly assigned using computer-generated random numbers to 12 weeks of therapeutic MES + HS followed by 12 weeks of no treatment, or vice versa. During the intervention period, physical and biochemical markers were measured. Findings Compared to no treatment, MES + HS treatment was associated with a significant decrease in visceral adiposity (− 7.54 cm2 (− 8.61%), 95% CI − 8.55 to − 6.53 (p = 0.037) in MS, − 19.73 cm2 (− 10.89%), 95% CI − 20.97 to − 18.49 (p = 0.003) in T2DM). Fasting plasma glucose levels were decreased by 3.74 mg/dL (− 5.28%: 95% CI − 4.37 to − 3.09 mg/dL, p = 0.029) in MS and by 14.97 mg/dL (10.40%: 95% CI − 15.79 to 14.15 mg/dL, p < 0.001) in T2DM, and insulin levels were also reduced by 10.39% and 25.93%, respectively. HbA1c levels showed a trend toward reduction (− 0.06%) in MS, and was significantly declined by − 0.43% (95% CI − 0.55 to − 0.31%, p = 0.009) in T2DM. HbA1c level of less than 7.0% was achieved in 52.5% of the MES + HS-treated T2DM patients in contrast to 15% of the non-treated period. Several insulin resistance indices, inflammatory cytokines or adipokines, including C-reactive protein, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor-α, were all improved in both groups. In isolated monocytes, HSP72 expression was increased and cytokine expression was reduced following MES + HS treatment. Glucose excursions on meal tolerance test were lower after using MES + HS in T2DM. Interpretation This combination therapy has beneficial impacts on body composition, metabolic abnormalities, and inflammation in subjects with MS or T2DM. Activation of the heat shock response by MES + HS may provide a novel approach for the treatment of lifestyle-related diseases. Funding Funding for this research was provided by MEXT KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan). We report the use of mild electrical stimulation with heat shock (MES + HS) in treating metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes. The treatment improves visceral adiposity, glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance and chronic inflammatory status. Our findings suggest that MES + HS might be a valuable therapeutic option for patients with these lifestyle-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kondo
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ono
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kitano
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Rina Matsuyama
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Rieko Goto
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Kawasaki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Igata
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Junji Kawashima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoshima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chaperoning to the metabolic party: The emerging therapeutic role of heat-shock proteins in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Mol Metab 2014; 3:781-93. [PMID: 25379403 PMCID: PMC4216407 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background From their initial, accidental discovery 50 years ago, the highly conserved Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) continue to exhibit fundamental roles in the protection of cell integrity. Meanwhile, in the midst of an obesity epidemic, research demonstrates a key involvement of low grade inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction amongst other mechanisms, in the pathology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In particular, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress all appear to be associated with obesity and stimulate inflammatory kinases such as c jun amino terminal kinase (JNK), inhibitor of NF-κβ kinase (IKK) and protein kinase C (PKC) which in turn, inhibit insulin signaling. Mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle has also been proposed to be prominent in the pathogenesis of T2DM either by reducing the ability to oxidize fatty acids, leading to the accumulation of deleterious lipid species in peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscle and liver, or by altering the cellular redox state. Since HSPs act as molecular chaperones and demonstrate crucial protective functions in stressed cells, we and others have postulated that the manipulation of HSP expression in metabolically relevant tissues represents a therapeutic avenue for obesity-induced insulin resistance. Scope of Review This review summarizes the literature from both animal and human studies, that has examined how HSPs, particularly the inducible HSP, Heat Shock Protein 72 (Hsp72) alters glucose homeostasis and the possible approaches to modulating Hsp72 expression. A summation of the role of chemical chaperones in metabolic disorders is also included. Major Conclusions Targeted manipulation of Hsp72 or use of chemical chaperiones may have clinical utility in treating metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and T2DM.
Collapse
|
30
|
Hooper PL, Balogh G, Rivas E, Kavanagh K, Vigh L. The importance of the cellular stress response in the pathogenesis and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:447-64. [PMID: 24523032 PMCID: PMC4041942 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-014-0493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms have evolved to survive rigorous environments and are not prepared to thrive in a world of caloric excess and sedentary behavior. A realization that physical exercise (or lack of it) plays a pivotal role in both the pathogenesis and therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2DM) has led to the provocative concept of therapeutic exercise mimetics. A decade ago, we attempted to simulate the beneficial effects of exercise by treating t2DM patients with 3 weeks of daily hyperthermia, induced by hot tub immersion. The short-term intervention had remarkable success, with a 1 % drop in HbA1, a trend toward weight loss, and improvement in diabetic neuropathic symptoms. An explanation for the beneficial effects of exercise and hyperthermia centers upon their ability to induce the cellular stress response (the heat shock response) and restore cellular homeostasis. Impaired stress response precedes major metabolic defects associated with t2DM and may be a near seminal event in the pathogenesis of the disease, tipping the balance from health into disease. Heat shock protein inducers share metabolic pathways associated with exercise with activation of AMPK, PGC1-a, and sirtuins. Diabetic therapies that induce the stress response, whether via heat, bioactive compounds, or genetic manipulation, improve or prevent all of the morbidities and comorbidities associated with the disease. The agents reduce insulin resistance, inflammatory cytokines, visceral adiposity, and body weight while increasing mitochondrial activity, normalizing membrane structure and lipid composition, and preserving organ function. Therapies restoring the stress response can re-tip the balance from disease into health and address the multifaceted defects associated with the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip L. Hooper
- />Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Gabor Balogh
- />Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eric Rivas
- />Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
- />Department of Kinesiology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX USA
| | - Kylie Kavanagh
- />Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston–Salem, NC USA
| | - Laszlo Vigh
- />Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kondo T, Motoshima H, Igata M, Kawashima J, Matsumura T, Kai H, Araki E. The role of heat shock response in insulin resistance and diabetes. Diabetes Metab J 2014; 38:100-6. [PMID: 24851203 PMCID: PMC4021296 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2014.38.2.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The expansion of life-style related diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), appears to be unstoppable. It is also difficult to cease their complications in spite of many antidiabetic medications or intervention of public administration. We and our collaborators found that physical medicine using simultaneous stimulation of heat with mild electric current activates heat shock response, thereby reducing visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and improving glucose homeostasis in mice models of T2DM, as well as in humans with MS or T2DM. This combination therapy exerts novel action on insulin signaling, β-cell protection and body compositions, and may provide a new therapeutic alternative in diabetic treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kondo
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoshima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Igata
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Junji Kawashima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kumamoto University Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Miyagawa K, Kondo T, Goto R, Matsuyama R, Ono K, Kitano S, Kawasaki S, Igata M, Kawashima J, Matsumura T, Motoshima H, Araki E. Effects of combination therapy with vildagliptin and valsartan in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:160. [PMID: 24188631 PMCID: PMC4176757 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors modulate incretin hormones and exert anti-diabetic effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Treatment with angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARB) is a proven successful intervention for hypertension with type 2 diabetes. The present study investigated the combined effects of the DPP-4 inhibitor vildagliptin and the ARB valsartan in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Methods C57BL/6 J mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD) or db/db mice were treated with placebo, phloridzin (PHZ), vildagliptin alone (ViL), valsartan alone (VaL) or ViL with VaL (ViLVaL) for 8 weeks. Results Glucose metabolism was improved in response to PHZ, ViL and ViLVaL in both HFD and db/db mice. Upon glucose challenge, ViLVaL showed the greatest suppression of blood glucose excursions, with increased insulin secretion, in db/db mice. ViLVaL treatment also showed an improvement of insulin sensitivity in db/db mice. Serum inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased, and adiponectin was highest, in the ViLVaL group. ViLVaL improved insulin signaling and attenuated stress signaling in liver with amelioration of hepatic steatosis due to activated fatty acid oxidation in db/db mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis of the pancreas revealed that the combination treatment resulted in an increased expression of insulin and PDX-1, and increased insulin content. Conclusions The combination therapy of ViL and VaL improves both pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity, with a reduction of the inflammatory and cell stress milieu in mouse models of T2DM. Our results suggest that this combination therapy exerts additive or even synergistic benefits to treat T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hiraoka N, Arai Y, Takahashi KA, Mazda O, Kishida T, Honjo K, Tsuchida S, Inoue H, Morino S, Suico MA, Kai H, Kubo T. Mild electrical stimulation with heat stimulation increase heat shock protein 70 in articular chondrocyte. J Orthop Res 2013; 31:894-900. [PMID: 23335181 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of mild electrical stimulation (MES) and heat stress (HS) on heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), that protects chondrocytes and enhances cartilage matrix metabolism, in chondrocyte and articular cartilage. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were treated with MES and/or HS. The safeness was assessed by LDH assay and morphology. HSP70 protein, ubiquitinated proteins and HSP70 mRNA were examined by Western blotting and real-time PCR. Rat knee joints were treated with MES and/or HS. HSP70 protein, ubiquitinated proteins, HSP70 mRNA and proteoglycan core protein (PG) mRNA in articular cartilage were investigated. In vitro, HS increased HSP70 mRNA and HSP70 protein. MES augmented ubiquitinated protein and HSP70 protein, but not HSP70 mRNA. MES + HS raised HSP70 mRNA and ubiquitinated protein, and significantly increased HSP70 protein. In vivo, HS and MES + HS treatment augmented HSP70 mRNA. HS modestly augmented HSP70 protein. MES + HS significantly increased HSP70 protein and ubiquitinated proteins. PG mRNA was markedly raised by MES + HS. This study demonstrated that MES, in combination with HS, increases HSP70 protein in chondrocytes and articular cartilage, and promotes cartilage matrix metabolism in articular cartilage. MES in combination with HS can be a novel physical therapy for osteoarthritis by inducing HSP70 in articular cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Hiraoka
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fukuda R, Suico MA, Koyama K, Omachi K, Kai Y, Matsuyama S, Mitsutake K, Taura M, Morino-Koga S, Shuto T, Kai H. Mild electrical stimulation at 0.1-ms pulse width induces p53 protein phosphorylation and G2 arrest in human epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:16117-26. [PMID: 23599430 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.442442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exogenous low-intensity electrical stimulation has been used for treatment of various intractable diseases despite the dearth of information on the molecular underpinnings of its effects. Our work and that of others have demonstrated that applied electrical stimulation at physiological strength or mild electrical stimulation (MES) activates the PI3K-Akt pathway, but whether MES activates other molecules remains unknown. Considering that MES is a form of physiological stress, we hypothesized that it can activate the tumor suppressor p53, which is a key modulator of the cell cycle and apoptosis in response to cell stresses. The potential response of p53 to an applied electrical current of low intensity has not been investigated. Here, we show that p53 was transiently phosphorylated at Ser-15 in epithelial cells treated with an imperceptible voltage (1 V/cm) and a 0.1-ms pulse width. MES-induced p53 phosphorylation was inhibited by pretreatment with a p38 MAPK inhibitor and transfection of dominant-negative mutants of p38, MKK3b, and MKK6b, implying the involvement of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, MES treatment enhanced p53 transcriptional function and increased the expression of p53 target genes p21, BAX, PUMA, NOXA, and IRF9. Importantly, MES treatment triggered G2 cell cycle arrest, but not cell apoptosis. MES treatment had no effect on the cell cycle in HCT116 p53(-/-) cells, suggesting a dependence on p53. These findings identify some molecular targets of electrical stimulation and incorporate the p38-p53 signaling pathway among the transduction pathways that MES affects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fukuda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kato S, Saitoh Y, Miwa N. Repressive effects of a capacitive-resistive electric transfer (CRet) hyperthermic apparatus combined with provitamin C on intracellular lipid-droplets formation in adipocytes. Int J Hyperthermia 2013; 29:30-7. [PMID: 23286696 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2012.750016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate inhibitory effects of L-ascorbic acid-2-O-phosphate-Na(2) (APS), a pro-vitamin C, combined with hyperthermia on adipogenic differentiation of mouse stromal cells, OP9. MATERIALS AND METHODS OP9 preadipocytes were differentiated with serum replacement, administered with APS, and simultaneously treated with hyperthermia using a capacitive-resistive electric transfer (CRet) apparatus, which was conducted repeatedly twice a day. After 2 days, intracellular lipid droplets were stained with Oil Red O, then observed by microscopy and assessed spectrophotometrically. RESULTS After stimulation by serum replacement for 2 days, lipid droplets were accumulated surrounding nucleus of OP9 cells. When APS of 0.15-0.6 mM was administered without hyperthermia, the amount of lipid droplets was markedly suppressed to 50.5%∼-11.3% versus the undifferentiated control, and diminished huge aggregates of lipid droplets. In OP9 cells treated by hyperthermia at 42°C for 0.5 min, 1 min or 3 min in the absence of APS, adipogenesis was suppressed abruptly in a time-dependent manner to 95.4%, 18.7% or -5.5%, respectively. Whereas, the percentage of adipogenesis was 96.8% in OP9 cells treated by mild hyperthermia alone at 41°C for 1 min. The simultaneous application of APS and hyperthermia at 41°C for 1 min markedly suppressed the accumulation of lipid droplets to 25.7%∼-66.2%. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, the surface of OP9 cells treated with APS and hyperthermia appeared to have the morphological property of undifferentiated OP9 cells. CONCLUSION Combined treatment of APS and mild hyperthermia suppresses adipogenesis in OP9 cells, particularly in lipid droplets accumulation during spontaneous differentiation of OP9 preadipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kato
- Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Acute hypoxia induces apoptosis of pancreatic β-cell by activation of the unfolded protein response and upregulation of CHOP. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e322. [PMID: 22695615 PMCID: PMC3388238 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The success of pancreatic β-cells transplantation to treat type 1 diabetes has been hindered by massive β-cell dysfunction and loss of β-cells that follows the procedure. Hypoxia-mediated cell death has been considered one of the main difficulties that must be overcome for transplantation to be regarded as a reliable therapy. Here we have investigated the mechanisms underlying β-cell death in response to hypoxia (1% O2). Our studies show that mouse insulinoma cell line 6 (Min6) cells undergo apoptosis with caspase-3 activation occurring as early as 2 h following exposure to hypoxia. Hypoxia induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in Min6 cells leading to activation of the three branches of the unfolded protein response pathway. In response to hypoxia the pro-apoptotic transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) is upregulated. The important role of CHOP in the apoptotic process was highlighted by the rescue of Min6 cells from hypoxia-mediated apoptosis observed in CHOP-knockdown cells. Culturing isolated pancreatic mouse islets at normoxia showed intracellular hypoxia with accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and upregulation of CHOP, the latter one occurring as early as 4 h after isolation. Finally, we observed that pancreatic islets of type 2 db/db diabetic mice were more hypoxic than their counterpart in normoglycemic animals. This finding indicates that hypoxia-mediated apoptosis may occur in type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
|
37
|
Avenatti R. The intersection of inflammation, insulin resistance and ageing: implications for the study of molecular signalling pathways in horses. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.3920/cep12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation-associated insulin resistance contributes to chronic disease in humans and other long-lived species, such as horses. Insulin resistance arises due to an imbalance among molecular signalling mediators in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines in the aged and obese. The mammalian heat shock protein response has received much attention as an avenue for attenuating inflammatory mediator signalling and for contributing to preservation and restoration of insulin signalling in metabolically important tissues. Data on heat shock proteins and inflammatory signalling mediators in untrained and aged horses are lacking, and horses represent an untapped resource for studying the mediator imbalance contributing to insulin resistance in a comparative model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R.C. Avenatti
- Rutgers Equine Science Center, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 57 U.S. Highway 1, New Brunswick, NJ 08850, USA
| |
Collapse
|