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Guo J, Zhang C, Zhao H, Yan Y, Liu Z. The key mediator of diabetic kidney disease: Potassium channel dysfunction. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101119. [PMID: 38523672 PMCID: PMC10958065 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, making it a global public health concern. The molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic kidney disease have not been elucidated due to its complex pathogenesis. Thus, exploring these mechanisms from new perspectives is the current focus of research concerning diabetic kidney disease. Ion channels are important proteins that maintain the physiological functions of cells and organs. Among ion channels, potassium channels stand out, because they are the most common and important channels on eukaryotic cell surfaces and function as the basis for cell excitability. Certain potassium channel abnormalities have been found to be closely related to diabetic kidney disease progression and genetic susceptibility, such as KATP, KCa, Kir, and KV. In this review, we summarized the roles of different types of potassium channels in the occurrence and development of diabetic kidney disease to discuss whether the development of DKD is due to potassium channel dysfunction and present new ideas for the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Nephrology Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Chaojie Zhang
- Nephrology Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Nephrology Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yufan Yan
- Nephrology Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Nephrology Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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Ramírez-Luzuriaga MJ, Kobes S, Hsueh WC, Baier LJ, Hanson RL. Novel signals and polygenic score for height are associated with pubertal growth traits in Southwestern American Indians. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:981-990. [PMID: 38483351 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Most genetic variants associated with adult height have been identified through large genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in European-ancestry cohorts. However, it is unclear how these variants influence linear growth during adolescence. This study uses anthropometric and genotypic data from a longitudinal study conducted in an American Indian community in Arizona between 1965-2007. Growth parameters (i.e. height, velocity, and timing of growth spurt) were derived from the Preece-Baines growth model, a parametric growth curve fitted to longitudinal height data, in 787 participants with height measurements spanning the whole period of growth. Heritability estimates suggested that genetic factors could explain 25% to 71% of the variance of pubertal growth traits. We performed a GWAS of growth parameters, testing their associations with 5 077 595 imputed or directly genotyped variants. Six variants associated with height at peak velocity (P < 5 × 10-8, adjusted for sex, birth year and principal components). Implicated genes include NUDT3, previously associated with adult height, and PACSIN1. Two novel variants associated with duration of growth spurt (P < 5 × 10-8) in LOC105375344, an uncharacterized gene with unknown function. We finally examined the association of growth parameters with a polygenic score for height derived from 9557 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in the GIANT meta-analysis for which genotypic data were available for the American Indian study population. Height polygenic score was correlated with the magnitude and velocity of height growth that occurred before and at the peak of the adolescent growth spurt, indicating overlapping genetic architecture, with no influence on the timing of adolescent growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Ramírez-Luzuriaga
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
| | - Wen-Chi Hsueh
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
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Wedekind LE, Mahajan A, Hsueh WC, Chen P, Olaiya MT, Kobes S, Sinha M, Baier LJ, Knowler WC, McCarthy MI, Hanson RL. The utility of a type 2 diabetes polygenic score in addition to clinical variables for prediction of type 2 diabetes incidence in birth, youth and adult cohorts in an Indigenous study population. Diabetologia 2023; 66:847-860. [PMID: 36862161 PMCID: PMC10036431 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05870-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS There is limited information on how polygenic scores (PSs), based on variants from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of type 2 diabetes, add to clinical variables in predicting type 2 diabetes incidence, particularly in non-European-ancestry populations. METHODS For participants in a longitudinal study in an Indigenous population from the Southwestern USA with high type 2 diabetes prevalence, we analysed ten constructions of PS using publicly available GWAS summary statistics. Type 2 diabetes incidence was examined in three cohorts of individuals without diabetes at baseline. The adult cohort, 2333 participants followed from age ≥20 years, had 640 type 2 diabetes cases. The youth cohort included 2229 participants followed from age 5-19 years (228 cases). The birth cohort included 2894 participants followed from birth (438 cases). We assessed contributions of PSs and clinical variables in predicting type 2 diabetes incidence. RESULTS Of the ten PS constructions, a PS using 293 genome-wide significant variants from a large type 2 diabetes GWAS meta-analysis in European-ancestry populations performed best. In the adult cohort, the AUC of the receiver operating characteristic curve for clinical variables for prediction of incident type 2 diabetes was 0.728; with the PS, 0.735. The PS's HR was 1.27 per SD (p=1.6 × 10-8; 95% CI 1.17, 1.38). In youth, corresponding AUCs were 0.805 and 0.812, with HR 1.49 (p=4.3 × 10-8; 95% CI 1.29, 1.72). In the birth cohort, AUCs were 0.614 and 0.685, with HR 1.48 (p=2.8 × 10-16; 95% CI 1.35, 1.63). To further assess the potential impact of including PS for assessing individual risk, net reclassification improvement (NRI) was calculated: NRI for the PS was 0.270, 0.268 and 0.362 for adult, youth and birth cohorts, respectively. For comparison, NRI for HbA1c was 0.267 and 0.173 for adult and youth cohorts, respectively. In decision curve analyses across all cohorts, the net benefit of including the PS in addition to clinical variables was most pronounced at moderately stringent threshold probability values for instituting a preventive intervention. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study demonstrates that a European-derived PS contributes significantly to prediction of type 2 diabetes incidence in addition to information provided by clinical variables in this Indigenous study population. Discriminatory power of the PS was similar to that of other commonly measured clinical variables (e.g. HbA1c). Including type 2 diabetes PS in addition to clinical variables may be clinically beneficial for identifying individuals at higher risk for the disease, especially at younger ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Wedekind
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Chi Hsueh
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Peng Chen
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Muideen T Olaiya
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Madhumita Sinha
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, UK
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Sakashita T, Nakamura Y, Sutoh Y, Shimizu A, Hachiya T, Otsuka-Yamasaki Y, Takashima N, Kadota A, Miura K, Kita Y, Ikezaki H, Otonari J, Tanaka K, Shimanoe C, Koyama T, Watanabe I, Suzuki S, Nakagawa-Senda H, Hishida A, Tamura T, Kato Y, Okada R, Kuriki K, Katsuura-Kamano S, Watanabe T, Tanoue S, Koriyama C, Oze I, Koyanagi YN, Nakamura Y, Kusakabe M, Nakatochi M, Momozawa Y, Wakai K, Matsuo K. Comparison of the loci associated with HbA1c and blood glucose levels identified by a genome-wide association study in the Japanese population. Diabetol Int 2023; 14:188-198. [PMID: 37090135 PMCID: PMC10113415 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-023-00618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Aims Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels are widely employed to diagnose diabetes. However, estimates of the heritability of HbA1c and glucose levels are different. Therefore, we explored HbA1c- and blood glucose-associated loci in a non-diabetic Japanese population. Methods We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) on variants associated with HbA1c and blood glucose levels in a Japanese population. In the initial stage, data of 4911 participants of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) were subjected to discovery analysis. In the second stage, two datasets from the Tohoku Medical Megabank project, with 8175 and 40,519 participants, were used for the replication study. Association of the imputed variants with HbA1c and blood glucose levels was determined via linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and genetic principal components (PC1-PC10). Moreover, we performed a BMI-stratified GWAS on HbA1c levels in the J-MICC. The discovery analysis and BMI-stratified GWAS results were validated with re-analyses of normalized HbA1c levels adjusted for site in addition to the above, and blood glucose adjusted for fasting time as an additional covariate. Results Genetic variants associated with HbA1c levels were identified in KCNQ1 and TMC6. None of the genetic variants associated with blood glucose levels in the discovery analysis were replicated. Association of rs2299620 in KCNQ1 with HbA1c levels showed heterogeneity between individuals with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and BMI < 25 kg/m2. Conclusions The variant rs2299620 in KCNQ1 might affect HbA1c levels differentially based on BMI grouping in the Japanese population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-023-00618-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakashita
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
- TAKARA BIO INC., 7-4-38 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-0058 Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
- Takeda Hospital Medical Examination Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sutoh
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694 Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimizu
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hachiya
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694 Japan
| | - Yayoi Otsuka-Yamasaki
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694 Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511 Japan
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo- ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Kita
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Tsuruga Nursing University, 78-2-1 Kizaki, Tsuruga, Fukui 914-0814 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of Comprehensive General Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Jun Otonari
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501 Japan
| | - Chisato Shimanoe
- Department of Pharmacy, Saga University Hospital, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501 Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo- ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Isao Watanabe
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo- ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601 Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601 Japan
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kato
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Rieko Okada
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Takeshi Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Shiroh Tanoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544 Japan
| | - Chihaya Koriyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544 Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
| | - Yuriko N. Koyanagi
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
| | - Yohko Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717 Japan
| | - Miho Kusakabe
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717 Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-8673 Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
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Looker HC, Chang DC, Baier LJ, Hanson RL, Nelson RG. Diagnostic criteria and etiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its complications: Lessons from the Pima Indians. Presse Med 2023; 52:104176. [PMID: 37783422 PMCID: PMC10805453 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2023.104176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases has conducted prospective studies of diabetes and its complications in the Pima Indians living in Arizona, USA for over 50 years. In this review we highlight areas in which these studies provided vital insights into the criteria used to diagnose type 2 diabetes, the pathophysiologic changes that accompany the development of type 2 diabetes, and the course and determinants of diabetes complications-focusing specifically on diabetic kidney disease. We include data from our longitudinal population-based study of diabetes and its complications, studies on the role of insulin resistance and insulin secretion in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, and in-depth studies of diabetic kidney disease that include measures of glomerular function and research kidney biopsies. We also focus on the emerging health threat posed by youth-onset type 2 diabetes, which was first seen in the Pima Indians in the 1960s and is becoming an increasing issue worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Douglas C Chang
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Diabetes Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Diabetes Genetic Epidemiology Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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Generation of Isogenic hiPSCs with Targeted Edits at Multiple Intronic SNPs to Study the Effects of the Type 2 Diabetes Associated KCNQ1 Locus in American Indians. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091446. [PMID: 35563754 PMCID: PMC9102014 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The top genetic association signal for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Southwestern American Indians maps to intron 15 of KCNQ1, an imprinted gene. We aim to understand the biology whereby variation at this locus affects T2D specifically in this genomic background. To do so, we obtained human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) derived from American Indians. Using these iPSCs, we show that imprinting of KCNQ1 and CDKN1C during pancreatic islet-like cell generation from iPSCs is consistent with known imprinting patterns in fetal pancreas and adult islets and therefore is an ideal model system to study this locus. In this report, we detail the use of allele-specific guide RNAs and CRISPR to generate isogenic hiPSCs that differ only at multiple T2D associated intronic SNPs at this locus which can be used to elucidate their functional effects. Characterization of these isogenic hiPSCs identified a few aberrant cell lines; namely cell lines with large hemizygous deletions in the putative functional region of KCNQ1 and cell lines hypomethylated at the KCNQ1OT1 promoter. Comparison of an isogenic cell line with a hemizygous deletion to the parental cell line identified CDKN1C and H19 as differentially expressed during the endocrine progenitor stage of pancreatic-islet development.
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Lubberding AF, Juhl CR, Skovhøj EZ, Kanters JK, Mandrup‐Poulsen T, Torekov SS. Celebrities in the heart, strangers in the pancreatic beta cell: Voltage-gated potassium channels K v 7.1 and K v 11.1 bridge long QT syndrome with hyperinsulinaemia as well as type 2 diabetes. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13781. [PMID: 34990074 PMCID: PMC9286829 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Voltage‐gated potassium (Kv) channels play an important role in the repolarization of a variety of excitable tissues, including in the cardiomyocyte and the pancreatic beta cell. Recently, individuals carrying loss‐of‐function (LoF) mutations in KCNQ1, encoding Kv7.1, and KCNH2 (hERG), encoding Kv11.1, were found to exhibit post‐prandial hyperinsulinaemia and episodes of hypoglycaemia. These LoF mutations also cause the cardiac disorder long QT syndrome (LQTS), which can be aggravated by hypoglycaemia. Interestingly, patients with LQTS also have a higher burden of diabetes compared to the background population, an apparent paradox in relation to the hyperinsulinaemic phenotype, and KCNQ1 has been identified as a type 2 diabetes risk gene. This review article summarizes the involvement of delayed rectifier K+ channels in pancreatic beta cell function, with emphasis on Kv7.1 and Kv11.1, using the cardiomyocyte for context. The functional and clinical consequences of LoF mutations and polymorphisms in these channels on blood glucose homeostasis are explored using evidence from pre‐clinical, clinical and genome‐wide association studies, thereby evaluating the link between LQTS, hyperinsulinaemia and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anniek F. Lubberding
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Christian R. Juhl
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Emil Z. Skovhøj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jørgen K. Kanters
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Thomas Mandrup‐Poulsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Signe S. Torekov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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Wedekind LE, Mitchell CM, Andersen CC, Knowler WC, Hanson RL. Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Indigenous Communities in the United States. Curr Diab Rep 2021; 21:47. [PMID: 34807308 PMCID: PMC8665733 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-021-01406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review focuses on the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Indigenous communities in the continental United States (U.S.)-including disease prevention and management-and discusses special considerations in conducting research with Indigenous communities. RECENT FINDINGS Previous studies have reported the disparately high prevalence of diabetes, especially T2D, among Indigenous peoples in the U.S. The high prevalence and incidence of early-onset T2D in Indigenous youth relative to that of all youth in the U.S. population pose challenges to the prevention of complications of diabetes. Behavioral, dietary, lifestyle, and genetic factors associated with T2D in Indigenous communities are often investigated. More limited is the discussion of the historical and ongoing consequences of colonization and displacement that impact the aforementioned risk factors. Future research is necessary to assess community-specific needs with respect to diabetes prevention and management across the diversity of Indigenous communities in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Wedekind
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Cassie M Mitchell
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Coley C Andersen
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA.
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Kim HI, Ye B, Staples J, Marcketta A, Gao C, Shuldiner AR, Van Hout CV. Genome-wide survey of parent-of-origin-specific associations across clinical traits derived from electronic health records. HGG ADVANCES 2021; 2:100039. [PMID: 35047837 PMCID: PMC8756508 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2021.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Parent-of-origin (PoO) effects refer to the differential phenotypic impacts of genetic variants dependent on their parental inheritance due to imprinting. While PoO effects can influence complex traits, they may be poorly captured by models that do not differentiate the parental origin of the variant. The aim of this study was to conduct a genome-wide screen for PoO effects on a broad range of clinical traits derived from electronic health records (EHR) in the DiscovEHR study enriched with familial relationships. Using pairwise kinship estimates from genetic data and demographic data, we identified 22,051 offspring among 134,049 individuals in the DiscovEHR study. PoO of ~9 million variants was assigned in the offspring by comparing offspring and parental genotypes and haplotypes. We then performed genome-wide PoO association analyses across 154 quantitative and 611 binary traits extracted from EHR. Of the 732 significant PoO associations identified (p < 5 × 10-8), we attempted to replicate 274 PoO associations in the UK Biobank study with 5,015 offspring and replicated 9 PoO associations (p < 0.05). In summary, our study implements a bioinformatic and statistical approach to examine PoO effects genome-wide in a large population study enriched with familial relationships and systematically characterizes PoO effects on hundreds of clinical traits derived from EHR. Our results suggest that, while the statistical power to detect PoO effects remains modest yet, accurately modeling PoO effects has the potential to find new associations that may have been missed by the standard additive model, further enhancing the mechanistic understanding of genetic influence on complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye In Kim
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Bin Ye
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | - Chuan Gao
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
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10
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Age-related hearing loss pertaining to potassium ion channels in the cochlea and auditory pathway. Pflugers Arch 2020; 473:823-840. [PMID: 33336302 PMCID: PMC8076138 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most prevalent sensory deficit in the elderly and constitutes the third highest risk factor for dementia. Lifetime noise exposure, genetic predispositions for degeneration, and metabolic stress are assumed to be the major causes of ARHL. Both noise-induced and hereditary progressive hearing have been linked to decreased cell surface expression and impaired conductance of the potassium ion channel KV7.4 (KCNQ4) in outer hair cells, inspiring future therapies to maintain or prevent the decline of potassium ion channel surface expression to reduce ARHL. In concert with KV7.4 in outer hair cells, KV7.1 (KCNQ1) in the stria vascularis, calcium-activated potassium channels BK (KCNMA1) and SK2 (KCNN2) in hair cells and efferent fiber synapses, and KV3.1 (KCNC1) in the spiral ganglia and ascending auditory circuits share an upregulated expression or subcellular targeting during final differentiation at hearing onset. They also share a distinctive fragility for noise exposure and age-dependent shortfalls in energy supply required for sustained surface expression. Here, we review and discuss the possible contribution of select potassium ion channels in the cochlea and auditory pathway to ARHL. We postulate genes, proteins, or modulators that contribute to sustained ion currents or proper surface expressions of potassium channels under challenging conditions as key for future therapies of ARHL.
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Senaldi L, Smith-Raska M. Evidence for germline non-genetic inheritance of human phenotypes and diseases. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:136. [PMID: 32917273 PMCID: PMC7488552 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly apparent that certain phenotypes are inherited across generations independent of the information contained in the DNA sequence, by factors in germ cells that remain largely uncharacterized. As evidence for germline non-genetic inheritance of phenotypes and diseases continues to grow in model organisms, there are fewer reports of this phenomenon in humans, due to a variety of complications in evaluating this mechanism of inheritance in humans. This review summarizes the evidence for germline-based non-genetic inheritance in humans, as well as the significant challenges and important caveats that must be considered when evaluating this process in human populations. Most reports of this process evaluate the association of a lifetime exposure in ancestors with changes in DNA methylation or small RNA expression in germ cells, as well as the association between ancestral experiences and the inheritance of a phenotype in descendants, down to great-grandchildren in some cases. Collectively, these studies provide evidence that phenotypes can be inherited in a DNA-independent manner; the extent to which this process contributes to disease development, as well as the cellular and molecular regulation of this process, remain largely undefined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Senaldi
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Smith-Raska
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA. .,Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Hess R, Henthorn P, Devoto M, Wang F, Feng R. An Exploratory Association Analysis of the Insulin Gene Region With Diabetes Mellitus in Two Dog Breeds. J Hered 2020; 110:793-800. [PMID: 31587057 PMCID: PMC6916661 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esz059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Samoyeds and Australian Terriers are the 2 dog breeds at highest risk (>10-fold) for diabetes mellitus in the United States. It is unknown if the insulin (INS) gene is involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes in Samoyeds and Australian Terriers. It was hypothesized that the INS gene region provides a common genetic causality for diabetes in Samoyeds and Australian Terriers. We conducted a 2-stage genetic association study involving both breeds. In the discovery stage (Stage 1), Samoyeds with and without diabetes were compared in the frequencies of 447 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 2.5 megabases (Mb) up- and downstream of the INS gene on the Illumina CanineHD BeadChip. SNPs yielding a P-value < 0.005 were selected for further follow-up. In the validation stage (Stage 2), Australian Terriers with and without diabetes were compared in the SNPs genotyped by the Affymetrix GeneChip Canine Genome 2.0 Array and within 1 Mb up- and downstream of the selected SNPs from Stage 1. Two SNPs that were in high linkage disequilibrium (LD, r2 = 0.7) were selected from Stage 1. In Stage 2, among the 76 SNPs examined, 5 were significantly associated with diabetes after Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons. Three of these 5 SNPs were in complete LD (r2 = 1 for all associations) and the 2 remaining SNPs were in moderate LD (r2 = 0.4). In conclusion, an association between the INS gene region and diabetes was suggested in 2 dog breeds of different clades. This region could have importance in diabetes in other breeds or in canine diabetes at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecka Hess
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Paula Henthorn
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marcella Devoto
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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Kim HI, Ye B, Gosalia N, Köroğlu Ç, Hanson RL, Hsueh WC, Knowler WC, Baier LJ, Bogardus C, Shuldiner AR, Van Hout CV, Van Hout CV. Characterization of Exome Variants and Their Metabolic Impact in 6,716 American Indians from the Southwest US. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:251-264. [PMID: 32640185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Applying exome sequencing to populations with unique genetic architecture has the potential to reveal novel genes and variants associated with traits and diseases. We sequenced and analyzed the exomes of 6,716 individuals from a Southwestern American Indian (SWAI) population with well-characterized metabolic traits. We found that the SWAI population has distinct allelic architecture compared to populations of European and East Asian ancestry, and there were many predicted loss-of-function (pLOF) and nonsynonymous variants that were highly enriched or private in the SWAI population. We used pLOF and nonsynonymous variants in the SWAI population to evaluate gene-burden associations of candidate genes from European genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for type 2 diabetes, body mass index, and four major plasma lipids. We found 19 significant gene-burden associations for 11 genes, providing additional evidence for prioritizing candidate effector genes of GWAS signals. Interestingly, these associations were mainly driven by pLOF and nonsynonymous variants that are unique or highly enriched in the SWAI population. Particularly, we found four pLOF or nonsynonymous variants in APOB, APOE, PCSK9, and TM6SF2 that are private or enriched in the SWAI population and associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Their large estimated effects on LDL cholesterol levels suggest strong impacts on protein function and potential clinical implications of these variants in cardiovascular health. In summary, our study illustrates the utility and potential of exome sequencing in genetically unique populations, such as the SWAI population, to prioritize candidate effector genes within GWAS loci and to find additional variants in known disease genes with potential clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cristopher V Van Hout
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.
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Wang X, Wu J, Wu Y, Wang M, Wang Z, Wu T, Chen D, Tang X, Qin X, Wu Y, Hu Y. Pleiotropic Effects of a KCNQ1 Variant on Lipid Profiles and Type 2 Diabetes: A Family-Based Study in China. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:8278574. [PMID: 32016123 PMCID: PMC6982365 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8278574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The genetic variant rs2237895, located in the Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily Q Member 1 (KCNQ1) gene, has been replicated to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) susceptibility, but the relationship with lipids is conflicting. Furthermore, the common genetic predisposition to T2DM and lipids was not fully detected. METHODS In total, 5839 individuals (2220 were T2DM patients) across 2885 families were included. The effect of rs2237895 on T2DM and lipids was estimated using linear regression and logistic regression models after adjustment for multiple covariates. Mediation analysis was then used to test whether KCNQ1 participated in T2DM pathogenesis via lipid-mediated pathways. RESULTS Per allele-C of rs2237895 was associated with 17% (11-23%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%. CONCLUSION KCNQ1 had pleiotropic effects on lipids and T2DM, and the unexpected genetic effect on association of HDL-C with T2DM was observed, indicating the different pathways to lipids and T2DM. Further research studies are needed to verify potential biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Junhui Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Zijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Dafang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Khan V, Verma AK, Bhatt D, Khan S, Hasan R, Goyal Y, Ramachandran S, Alsahli MA, Rahmani AH, Almatroudi A, Shareef MY, Meena B, Dev K. Association of Genetic Variants of KCNJ11 and KCNQ1 Genes with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in the Indian Population: A Case-Control Study. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:5924756. [PMID: 33101408 PMCID: PMC7569458 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5924756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a polygenic metabolic disease described by hyperglycemia, which is caused by insulin resistance or reduced insulin secretion. The interaction between various genetic variants and environmental factors triggers T2DM. The aim of this study was to find risk associated with genetic variants rs5210 and rs2237895 of KCNJ11 and KCNQ1 genes, respectively, in the development of T2DM in the Indian population. A total number of 300 cases of T2DM and 100 control samples were studied to find the polymorphism in KCNJ11 and KCNQ1 through PCR-RFLP. The genotype and allele frequencies in T2DM cases were significantly different compared to the control population. KCNJ11 rs5210 and KCNQ1 rs2237895 variants were found to be significantly associated with risk of T2DM in dominant (KCNJ11: OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.30-3.27; p - 0.001; KCNQ1: OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.46-3.70; p - 0.0003) and codominant models (KCNJ11: OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.09-2.84; p - 0.020; KCNQ1: OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.16-2.95; p - 0.009). We also compared clinicopathological characteristics between cases and control and observed a significant difference in all the parameters except HDL, gender, and family history. In this study, clinicopathological data with a carrier of a variant allele of both KCNJ11 and KCNQ1 genes were also analysed, and a significant association was found between the carrier of a variant allele with gender and PPG in KCNJ11 and with triglyceride in KCNQ1. We confirm the significant association of KCNJ11 (rs5210) and KCNQ1 (rs2237895) gene polymorphism with T2DM, indicating the role of these variants in developing risk for T2DM in Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiuddin Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Kumar Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepti Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rameez Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Yamini Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Y. Shareef
- Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Babita Meena
- Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Dev
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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16
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Ben Maamar M, King SE, Nilsson E, Beck D, Skinner MK. Epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of parent-of-origin allelic transmission of outcross pathology and sperm epimutations. Dev Biol 2019; 458:106-119. [PMID: 31682807 PMCID: PMC6987017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic transgenerational inheritance potentially impacts disease etiology, phenotypic variation, and evolution. An increasing number of environmental factors from nutrition to toxicants have been shown to promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease. Previous observations have demonstrated that the agricultural fungicide vinclozolin and pesticide DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) induce transgenerational sperm epimutations involving DNA methylation, ncRNA, and histone modifications or retention. These two environmental toxicants were used to investigate the impacts of parent-of-origin outcross on the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease. Male and female rats were collected from a paternal outcross (POC) or a maternal outcross (MOC) F4 generation control and exposure lineages for pathology and epigenetic analysis. This model allows the parental allelic transmission of disease and epimutations to be investigated. There was increased pathology incidence in the MOC F4 generation male prostate, kidney, obesity, and multiple diseases through a maternal allelic transmission. The POC F4 generation female offspring had increased pathology incidence for kidney, obesity and multiple types of diseases through the paternal allelic transmission. Some disease such as testis or ovarian pathology appear to be transmitted through the combined actions of both male and female alleles. Analysis of the F4 generation sperm epigenomes identified differential DNA methylated regions (DMRs) in a genome-wide analysis. Observations demonstrate that DDT and vinclozolin have the potential to promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease and sperm epimutations to the outcross F4 generation in a sex specific and exposure specific manner. The parent-of-origin allelic transmission observed appears similar to the process involved with imprinted-like genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Millissia Ben Maamar
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
| | - Stephanie E King
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
| | - Eric Nilsson
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
| | - Daniel Beck
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
| | - Michael K Skinner
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA.
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17
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Xie W, Li L, Gong D, Zhang M, Lv YC, Guo DM, Zhao ZW, Zheng XL, Zhang DW, Dai XY, Yin WD, Tang CK. Krüppel-like factor 14 inhibits atherosclerosis via mir-27a-mediated down-regulation of lipoprotein lipase expression in vivo. Atherosclerosis 2019; 289:143-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Olaiya MT, Wedekind LE, Hanson RL, Sinha M, Kobes S, Nelson RG, Baier LJ, Knowler WC. Birthweight and early-onset type 2 diabetes in American Indians: differential effects in adolescents and young adults and additive effects of genotype, BMI and maternal diabetes. Diabetologia 2019; 62:1628-1637. [PMID: 31111170 PMCID: PMC6679754 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this work was to estimate the impact of birthweight on early-onset (age <40 years) type 2 diabetes. METHODS A longitudinal study of American Indians, aged ≥5 years, was conducted from 1965 to 2007. Participants who had a recorded birthweight were followed until they developed diabetes or their last examination before the age of 40 years, whichever came first. Age- and sex-adjusted diabetes incidence rates were computed and Poisson regression was used to model the effect of birthweight on diabetes incidence, adjusted for sex, BMI, a type 2 diabetes susceptibility genetic risk score (GRS) and maternal covariates. RESULTS Among 3039 participants, there were 652 incident diabetes cases over a median follow-up of 14.3 years. Diabetes incidence increased with age and was greater in the lowest and highest quintiles of birthweight. Adjusted for covariates, the effect of birthweight on diabetes varied over time, with a non-linear effect at 10-19 years (p < 0.001) and a negative linear effect at older age intervals (20-29 years, p < 0.001; 30-39 years, p = 0.003). Higher GRS, greater BMI and maternal diabetes had additive but not interactive effects on the association between birthweight and diabetes incidence. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In this high-risk population, both low and high birthweights were associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk in adolescence (age 10-19 years) but only low birthweight was associated with increased risk in young adulthood (20-39 years). Higher type 2 diabetes GRS, greater BMI and maternal diabetes added to the risk of early-onset diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muideen T Olaiya
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA.
| | - Lauren E Wedekind
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Madhumita Sinha
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85014, USA
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Gundogdu R, Hergovich A. MOB (Mps one Binder) Proteins in the Hippo Pathway and Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060569. [PMID: 31185650 PMCID: PMC6627106 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of MOBs (monopolar spindle-one-binder proteins) is highly conserved in the eukaryotic kingdom. MOBs represent globular scaffold proteins without any known enzymatic activities. They can act as signal transducers in essential intracellular pathways. MOBs have diverse cancer-associated cellular functions through regulatory interactions with members of the NDR/LATS kinase family. By forming additional complexes with serine/threonine protein kinases of the germinal centre kinase families, other enzymes and scaffolding factors, MOBs appear to be linked to an even broader disease spectrum. Here, we review our current understanding of this emerging protein family, with emphases on post-translational modifications, protein-protein interactions, and cellular processes that are possibly linked to cancer and other diseases. In particular, we summarise the roles of MOBs as core components of the Hippo tissue growth and regeneration pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Gundogdu
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Alexander Hergovich
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom.
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Zeng CP, Lin X, Peng C, Zhou L, You HM, Shen J, Deng HW. Identification of novel genetic variants for type 2 diabetes, childhood obesity, and their pleiotropic loci. J Hum Genet 2019; 64:369-377. [PMID: 30816286 PMCID: PMC6712986 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-019-0577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has result in increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children. The genetic mechanisms underlying their relationship, however, are not fully understood. Here, we aim to identify novel SNPs associated with T2D and childhood obesity (CO), especially their pleiotropic loci. We integrated the summary statistics for two independent GWASs of T2D (n = 149,821) and childhood body mass index (CBMI) (n = 35,668) using the pleiotropy-informed conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) method. By leveraging the information of different levels of association for CBMI, we observed a strong enrichment of genetic variants associated with T2D. We identified 139 T2D-associated SNPs with 125 novel ones (cFDR < 0.05). Conditioned on T2D, we identified 37 significant SNPs for CBMI (cFDR < 0.05), including 25 novel ones. The conjunctional cFDR (ccFDR) analysis showed ten novel pleiotropic loci for T2D and CBMI (ccFDR < 0.05). Interestingly, the novel SNP rs1996023 is located at protein coding gene GNPDA2 (ccFDR = 1.28E-02), which has been reported to influence the risk of T2D and CO through central nervous system. Our findings may help to explain a greater proportion of the heritability for human traits and advance the understanding of the common pathophysiology between T2D and CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ping Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Geriatrics, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Min You
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
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Balakrishnan P, Vaidya D, Voruganti VS, Haack K, Kent JW, North KE, Laston S, Howard BV, Umans JG, Lee ET, Best LG, MacCluer JW, Cole SA, Navas-Acien A, Franceschini N. Genetic Variants Related to Cardiometabolic Traits Are Associated to B Cell Function, Insulin Resistance, and Diabetes Among AmeriCan Indians: The Strong Heart Family Study. Front Genet 2018; 9:466. [PMID: 30369944 PMCID: PMC6194194 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Genetic research may inform underlying mechanisms for disparities in the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus among American Indians. Our objective was to assess the association of genetic variants in cardiometabolic candidate genes with B cell dysfunction via HOMA-B, insulin resistance via HOMA-IR, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS). Methods and Results: We examined the association of variants, previously associated with cardiometabolic traits (∼200,000 from Illumina Cardio MetaboChip), using mixed models of HOMA-B residuals corrected for HOMA-IR (cHOMA-B), log transformed HOMA-IR, and incident diabetes, adjusted for age, sex, population stratification, and familial relatedness. Center-specific estimates were combined using fixed effect meta-analyses. We used Bonferroni correction to account for multiple testing (P < 4.13 × 10−7). We also assessed the association between variants in candidate diabetes genes with these metabolic traits. We explored the top SNPs in an independent, replication sample from Southwestern Arizona. We identified significant associations with cHOMA-B for common variants at 26 loci of which 8 were novel (PRSS7, FCRL5, PEL1, LRP12, IGLL1, ARHGEF10, PARVA, FLJ16686). The most significant variant association with cHOMA-B was observed on chromosome 5 for an intergenic variant near PARP8 (rs2961831, P = 6.39 × 10−9). In the replication study, we found a signal at rs4607517 near GCK/YKT6 (P = 0.01). Variants near candidate diabetes genes (especially GCK and KCNQ1) were also nominally associated with HOMA-IR and cHOMA-B. Conclusion: We identified variants at novel loci and confirmed those at known candidate diabetes loci associations for cHOMA-B. This study also provided evidence for association of variants at KCNQ2, CTNAA2, and KCNQ1with cHOMA-B among American Indians. Further studies are needed to account for the high heritability of diabetes among the American Indian participants of the SHFS cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojitha Balakrishnan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Clinical and Translational Research, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - V Saroja Voruganti
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Karin Haack
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jack W Kent
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Sandra Laston
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, United States
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, United States.,Georgetown and Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Elisa T Lee
- Center for American Indian Health Research, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Lyle G Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Inc., Eagle Butte, SD, United States
| | - Jean W MacCluer
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Shelley A Cole
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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22
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Xu Y, Shi W, Song R, Long W, Guo H, Yuan S, Zhang T. Divergent patterns of genic copy number variation in KCNIP1 gene reveal risk locus of type 2 diabetes in Chinese population. Endocr J 2018; 65:537-545. [PMID: 29491224 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number variation (CNV) has emerged as another important genetic marker in addition to SNP for understanding etiology of complex disease. Kv channel interacting protein 1 (KCNIP1) is a Ca2+-dependent transcriptional modulator that contributes to the regulation of insulin secretion. Previous genome-wide CNV assay identified the KCNIP1 gene encompassing a CNV region, however, its further effect and risk rate on type 2 diabetes (T2D) have rarely been addressed, especially in Chinese population. The current study aims to detect and excavate genetic distribution profile of KCNIP1 CNV in Chinese T2D and control populations, and further to investigate the associations with clinical characteristics. Divergent patterns of the KCNIP1 CNV were identified (p < 0.01), in which the copy number gain was predominant in T2D, while the copy number normal accounted for the most in control group. Consistently, the individuals with copy number gain showed significant risk on T2D (OR = 4.550, p < 0.01). The KCNIP1 copy numbers presented significantly positive correlations with fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin in T2D. For OGTT test, the T2D patients with copy number gain had remarkably elevated glucose contents (60, 120, 180-min, p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and diminished insulin levels (60, 120-min, p < 0.05) than those with copy number loss and normal, which suggested that the KCNIP1 CNV was correlated with the glucose and insulin action. This is the first CNV association study of the KCNIP1 gene in Chinese population, and these data indicated that KCNIP1 might function as a T2D-susceptibility gene whose dysregulation alters insulin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Weilin Shi
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Ruhui Song
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Wenlin Long
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Shiliang Yuan
- Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, China
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
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Muller YL, Skelton G, Piaggi P, Chen P, Nair A, Kobes S, Hsueh WC, Knowler WC, Hanson RL, Baier LJ, Bogardus C. Identification and functional analysis of a novel G310D variant in the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) gene associated with type 2 diabetes in American Indians. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018; 34:e2994. [PMID: 29470850 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is involved in cell growth and glucose homeostasis. In the current study, the IGF1R locus was analysed as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in American Indians. MATERIALS AND METHODS Whole genome sequence data from 335 American Indians identified 3 novel missense variants in IGF1R. The associations of IGF1R variants with T2D, age of T2D onset and birth weight were analysed in a population-based sample of 7701 American Indians. RESULTS A novel glycine-to-aspartic acid substitution (G310D) in IGF1R was identified, which associated with T2D in a sex-specific manner (Psex interaction = 0.02). In women, the aspartic acid (D) allele (frequency = 0.034) was associated with increased risk for T2D (n = 4292, P = 2.0 × 10-5 adjusted for age, birth year, and the first 5 genetic principal components; odds ratio [OR] = 2.23 [1.54-3.23] per risk allele) and an earlier age of T2D onset (n = 4292, P = 2 × 10-4 , hazard rate ratio = 1.45 [1.20-1.75], Psex interaction = 0.05). Female carriers of the D-allele also had lower birth weight (n = 1313, β = -163 g, P = .006, Psex interaction = 0.008). Among 85 siblings discordant for G310D, carriers of the D-allele had shorter stature as compared with carriers of the G-allele (β = -1.6 cm, P = .001, within family model). The G310D variant was functionally studied in vitro, where the D-allele had a 22% increase (P = .0005) in FOXO1-induced transcriptional activity, due to decreased activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway mediated through reduced IGF1R activity. CONCLUSION A unique G310D variant in IGF1R, which occurs in 6% American Indians, may impair IGF1R signalling pathways, thereby increasing the risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua L Muller
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Graham Skelton
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Peng Chen
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Anup Nair
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Wen-Chi Hsueh
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Clifton Bogardus
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Wang L, Tong X, Gu F, Zhang L, Chen W, Cheng X, Xie L, Chang Y, Zhang H. The KLF14 transcription factor regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:21631-21642. [PMID: 29123026 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14) is a member of the Cys2/His2 zinc-finger DNA-binding proteins. Despite strong evidence showing that a polymorphism in the Klf14 gene is closely linked to the development of type 2 diabetes, the physiological and metabolic functions of KLF14 still remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of KLF14 in the regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Adenoviruses expressing KLF14 (Ad-Klf14) or KLF14-specific shRNAs (Ad-shKlf14) were injected into normal C57BL/6J, db/db diabetic, or high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Gene expression, hepatic glucose production, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance were tested in C57BL/6J, db/db, and DIO mice and primary hepatocytes. Our results demonstrate that KLF14 expression is induced in the livers of normal C57BL/6J mice upon fasting and significantly up-regulated in the livers of db/db mice, suggesting a physiological link between KLF14 and gluconeogenesis. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of KLF14 in primary hepatocytes increased both the mRNA and protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (Pgc-1α, also known as Ppargc1a), thereby stimulating cellular glucose production. Conversely, knockdown of KLF14 expression led to a reduction in PGC-1α, subsequently inhibiting glucose output in primary hepatocytes. Finally, forced expression of KLF14 in the livers of normal mice increased the plasma glucose levels and impaired glucose tolerance; in contrast, KLF14 knockdown in diabetic mouse livers improved glucose tolerance. Taken together, our data strongly indicate that KLF14 modulates hepatic gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032
| | - Xin Tong
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032
| | - Fang Gu
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032
| | - Lei Zhang
- the National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005
| | - Wei Chen
- the Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032
| | - Xiaowen Cheng
- the Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, and
| | - Liwei Xie
- the State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yongsheng Chang
- the National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005,
| | - Huabing Zhang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032,
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25
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Zeng CP, Chen YC, Lin X, Greenbaum J, Chen YP, Peng C, Wang XF, Zhou R, Deng WM, Shen J, Deng HW. Increased identification of novel variants in type 2 diabetes, birth weight and their pleiotropic loci. J Diabetes 2017; 9:898-907. [PMID: 27896934 PMCID: PMC5841537 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical and epidemiological findings point to an association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and low birth weight. However, the nature of the relationship is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to identify novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in T2D and birth weight, and their pleiotropic loci. METHODS A pleiotropy-informed conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) method was applied to two independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics of T2D (n = 149 821) and birth weight (n = 26 836). RESULTS A conditional Q-Q plot showed strong enrichment of genetic variants in T2D conditioned on different levels of association with birth weight. 133 T2D-associated SNPs, including 120 novel SNPs, were identified with a significance threshold of cFDR < 0.05; 13 significant birth weight-associated SNPs, including 12 novel SNPs (cFDR < 0.05) were identified. Conjunctional cFDR (ccFDR) analysis identified nine pleiotropic loci, including seven novel loci, shared by both T2D and birth weight (ccFDR < 0.05). Two novel SNPs located at the CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1; rs1012635; cFDR < 0.05) and adenylate cyclase 5 (ADCY5; rs4677887; cFDR < 0.05) genes are of note. These two genes increase the risk of T2D and low birth weight through the pathway of the "fetal insulin hypothesis." CONCLUSION Several pleiotropic loci were identified between T2D and birth weight by leveraging GWAS results. The results make it possible to explain a greater proportion of trait heritability and improve our understanding of the shared pathophysiology between T2D and birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ping Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - You-Ping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia-Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rou Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Min Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of Chinese PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Wang XF, Lin X, Li DY, Zhou R, Greenbaum J, Chen YC, Zeng CP, Peng LP, Wu KH, Ao ZX, Lu JM, Guo YF, Shen J, Deng HW. Linking Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes: Novel shared susceptibility genes detected by cFDR approach. J Neurol Sci 2017; 380:262-272. [PMID: 28870582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) occur commonly in the aging populations and T2D has been considered as an important risk factor for AD. The heritability of both diseases is estimated to be over 50%. However, common pleiotropic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/loci have not been well-defined. The aim of this study is to analyze two large public accessible GWAS datasets to identify novel common genetic loci for T2D and/or AD. METHODS AND MATERIALS The recently developed novel conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) approach was used to analyze the summary GWAS datasets from International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP) and Diabetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) to identify novel susceptibility genes for AD and T2D. RESULTS We identified 78 SNPs (including 58 novel SNPs) that were associated with AD in Europeans conditional on T2D (cFDR<0.05). 66 T2D SNPs (including 40 novel SNPs) were identified by conditioning on SNPs association with AD (cFDR<0.05). A conjunction-cFDR (ccFDR) analysis detected 8 pleiotropic SNPs with a significance threshold of ccFDR<0.05 for both AD and T2D, of which 5 SNPs (rs6982393, rs4734295, rs7812465, rs10510109, rs2421016) were novel findings. Furthermore, among the 8 SNPs annotated at 6 different genes, 3 corresponding genes TP53INP1, TOMM40 and C8orf38 were related to mitochondrial dysfunction, critically involved in oxidative stress, which potentially contribute to the etiology of both AD and T2D. CONCLUSION Our study provided evidence for shared genetic loci between T2D and AD in European subjects by using cFDR and ccFDR analyses. These results may provide novel insight into the etiology and potential therapeutic targets of T2D and/or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Ding-You Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City MO 64108, USA
| | - Rou Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Yuan-Cheng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Chun-Ping Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Lin-Ping Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Ke-Hao Wu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zeng-Xin Ao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Jun-Min Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Yan-Fang Guo
- Institute of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China; Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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28
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Muller YL, Piaggi P, Chen P, Wiessner G, Okani C, Kobes S, Knowler WC, Bogardus C, Hanson RL, Baier LJ. Assessing variation across 8 established East Asian loci for type 2 diabetes mellitus in American Indians: Suggestive evidence for new sex-specific diabetes signals in GLIS3 and ZFAND3. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2017; 33. [PMID: 27862917 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eight new loci for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were identified in an East Asian genome-wide association study meta-analysis. We assess tag SNPs across these loci for associations with T2DM in American Indians. METHODS A total of 435 SNPs that tag (R2 ≥ .85) common variation across the 8 loci were analyzed for association with T2DM (n = 7710), early onset T2DM (n = 1060), body mass index (n = 6839), insulin sensitivity (n = 555), and insulin secretion (n = 298). RESULTS Tag SNPs within FITM2-R3HDML-HNF4A, GLIS3, KCNK16, and ZFAND3 associated with T2DM after accounting for locus-wide multiple testing. The T2DM association in FITM2-R3HDML-HNF4A (rs3212183; P = .0002; OR = 1.19 [1.09-1.30]) was independent from the East Asian lead SNP (rs6017317), which did not associate with T2DM in American Indians. The top signals in GLIS3 (rs7875253; P = .0004; OR = 1.23 [1.10-1.38]) and KCNK16 (rs1544050; P = .002; OR = 1.16 [1.06-1.27]) were attenuated after adjustment for the East Asian lead SNPs (rs7041847 in GLIS3; rs1535500 in KCNK16), both of which also associated with T2DM in American Indians (P = .02; OR = 1.11 [1.01-1.21]; P = .007; OR = 1.19 [1.05-1.36] respectively). The top SNP in ZFAND3 (rs9470794; P = .002; OR = 1.43 [1.14-1.80]) was the identical East Asian lead SNP. Additional SNPs in GLIS3 (rs180867004) and ZFAND3 (rs4714120 and rs9470701) had significant genotype × sex interactions (P ≤ .008). The GLIS3 SNP (rs180867004) associated with T2DM only in men (P = .00006, OR = 1.94 [1.40-2.68]). The ZFAND3 SNPs (rs4714120 and rs9470701) associated with T2DM only in women (P = .0002, OR = 1.35 [1.16-1.59]; P = .0003, OR = 1.37 [1.16-1.63] respectively). CONCLUSIONS Replication of lead T2DM SNPs in GLIS3, KCNK16, and ZFAND3 was observed in American Indians. Sex-specific T2DM signals in GLIS3 and ZFAND3, which are distinct from the East Asian GWAS signals, were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua L Muller
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Peng Chen
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Gregory Wiessner
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Chidinma Okani
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Clifton Bogardus
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Zhou X, Zhu J, Bao Z, Shang Z, Wang T, Song J, Sun J, Li W, Adelusi TI, Wang Y, Lv D, Lu Q, Yin X. A variation in KCNQ1 gene is associated with repaglinide efficacy on insulin resistance in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37293. [PMID: 27857189 PMCID: PMC5114551 DOI: 10.1038/srep37293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Repaglinide is an insulin secretagogue that often exhibits considerable interindividual variability in therapeutic efficacy. The current study was designed to investigate the impact of KCNQ1 genetic polymorphism on the efficacy of repaglinide and furthermore to identify the potential mechanism of action in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 305 patients and 200 healthy subjects were genotyped for the KCNQ1 rs2237892 polymorphism, and 82 patients with T2DM were randomized for the oral administration of repaglinide for 8 weeks. HepG2 cells were incubated with repaglinide in the absence or presence of a KCNQ1 inhibitor or the pcDNA3.1-hKCNQ1 plasmid, after which the levels of Akt, IRS-2 and PI(3)K were determined. Our data showed that repaglinide significantly decreased HOMA-IR in patients with T2DM. Furthermore, the level of HOMA-IR was significantly reduced in those patients with CT or TT genotypes than CC homozygotes. The KCNQ1 inhibitor enhanced repaglinide efficacy on insulin resistance, with IRS-2/PI(3)K/Akt signaling being up-regulated markedly. As in our clinical experiment, these data strongly suggest that KCNQ1 genetic polymorphism influences repaglinide response due to the pivotal role of KCNQ1 in regulating insulin resistance through the IRS-2/PI(3)K/Akt signaling pathway. This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Register on May 14, 2013. (No. ChiCTR-CCC13003536).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zejun Bao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhai Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Temitope Isaac Adelusi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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30
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Prasad RB, Lessmark A, Almgren P, Kovacs G, Hansson O, Oskolkov N, Vitai M, Ladenvall C, Kovacs P, Fadista J, Lachmann M, Zhou Y, Sonestedt E, Poon W, Wollheim CB, Orho-Melander M, Stumvoll M, Tuomi T, Pääbo S, Koranyi L, Groop L. Excess maternal transmission of variants in the THADA gene to offspring with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1702-13. [PMID: 27155871 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 65 genetic loci associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. However, the contribution of distorted parental transmission of alleles to risk of type 2 diabetes has been mostly unexplored. Our goal was therefore to search for parent-of-origin effects (POE) among type 2 diabetes loci in families. METHODS Families from the Botnia study (n = 4,211, 1,083 families) were genotyped for 72 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with type 2 diabetes and assessed for POE on type 2 diabetes. The family-based Hungarian Transdanubian Biobank (HTB) (n = 1,463, >135 families) was used to replicate SNPs showing POE. Association of type 2 diabetes loci within families was also tested. RESULTS Three loci showed nominal POE, including the previously reported variants in KCNQ1, for type 2 diabetes in families from Botnia (rs2237895: p POE = 0.037), which can be considered positive controls. The strongest POE was seen for rs7578597 SNP in the THADA gene, showing excess transmission of the maternal risk allele T to diabetic offspring (Botnia: p POE = 0.01; HTB p POE = 0.045). These data are consistent with previous evidence of allelic imbalance for expression in islets, suggesting that the THADA gene can be imprinted in a POE-specific fashion. Five CpG sites, including those flanking rs7578597, showed differential methylation between diabetic and non-diabetic donor islets. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Taken together, the data emphasise the need for genetic studies to consider from which parent an offspring has inherited a susceptibility allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi B Prasad
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Anna Lessmark
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Almgren
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Ola Hansson
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nikolay Oskolkov
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marta Vitai
- Heart Center Foundation, DRC, Balatonfured, Hungary
| | - Claes Ladenvall
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joao Fadista
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Yuedan Zhou
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Wenny Poon
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Claes B Wollheim
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Svante Pääbo
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Leif Groop
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University CRC, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.
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Riobello C, Gómez J, Gil-Peña H, Tranche S, Reguero JR, de la Hera JM, Delgado E, Calvo D, Morís C, Santos F, Coto-Segura P, Iglesias S, Alonso B, Alvarez V, Coto E. KCNQ1 gene variants in the risk for type 2 diabetes and impaired renal function in the Spanish Renastur cohort. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 427:86-91. [PMID: 26970180 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several common KCNQ1 gene polymorphisms have been associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy. This effect is explained by the role of the kcnq1 protein as a potassium channel that in the pancreatic beta-cells drives an electrical signal that facilitates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The KCNQ1 gene is also expressed in the kidney, and could thus be implicated in the risk of developing impaired renal function. To test this hypothesis, we genotyped six common KCNQ1 gene variants (three single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs2237892, rs2237895, and rs231362, and three intronic indels) in 681 healthy elderly individuals (>65 years old) from the Spanish Renastur cohort. None of the six variants was associated with T2DM (180 diabetics vs. 581 non-diabetics). The intron 12 insertion allele was associated with a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR<60, n = 90 vs. eGFR≥60, n = 591; II vs ID + DD genotypes, p = 0.031, OR = 2.06, 95%CI = 1.12-4.14). We also performed a next generation sequencing search of variants in the coding regions of the KCNQ1 gene in 100 individuals with the extreme eGFR values. We found two rare amino acid changes (p.K393N and p.P408A) and the 393 Asn variant was found only among diabetics (n = 4; p = 0.05). The two rare alleles were present in the two eGFR groups. Our results suggest that a common KCNQ1 intron 12 indel polymorphism is a risk factor for impaired renal function independent of T2DM. If this association is confirmed by others, further research to determine the mechanism that drives this association would be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Gómez
- Genética Molecular-Laboratorio Medicina, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Elías Delgado
- Endocrinología, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain; Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - David Calvo
- Cardiología-Fundación Asturcor, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - César Morís
- Cardiología-Fundación Asturcor, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain; Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Fernando Santos
- Pediatría, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain; Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Coto-Segura
- Dermatología, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain; Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara Iglesias
- Genética Molecular-Laboratorio Medicina, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Belén Alonso
- Genética Molecular-Laboratorio Medicina, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Eliecer Coto
- Genética Molecular-Laboratorio Medicina, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain; Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Red investigacion renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
Although disproportionately affected by increasing rates of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemias, Hispanic populations are underrepresented in efforts to understand genetic susceptibility to these disorders. Where research has been undertaken, these populations have provided substantial insight into identification of novel risk-associated genes and have aided in the ability to fine map previously described risk loci. Genome-wide analyses in Hispanic and trans-ethnic populations have resulted in identification of more than 40 replicated or novel genes with significant effects for type 2 diabetes or lipid traits. Initial investigations into rare variant effects have identified new risk-associated variants private to Hispanic populations, and preliminary results suggest metagenomic approaches in Hispanic populations, such as characterizing the gut microbiome, will enable the development of new predictive tools and therapeutic targets for type 2 diabetes. Future genome-wide studies in expanded cohorts of Hispanics are likely to result in new insights into the genetic etiology of metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Below
- The Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Esteban J Parra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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Hohenadel MG, Baier LJ, Piaggi P, Muller YL, Hanson RL, Krakoff J, Thearle MS. The impact of genetic variants on BMI increase during childhood versus adulthood. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1301-9. [PMID: 27076275 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants that predispose individuals to obesity may have differing influences during childhood versus adulthood, and additive effects of such variants are likely to occur. Our ongoing studies to identify genetic determinants of obesity in American Indians have identified 67 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that reproducibly associate with maximum lifetime non-diabetic body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to identify when, during the lifetime, these variants have their greatest impact on BMI increase. SUBJECTS/METHODS A total of 5906 Native Americans of predominantly Pima Indian heritage with repeated measures of BMI between the ages of 5 and 45 years were included in this study. The association between each SNP with the rates of BMI increase during childhood (5-19 years) and adulthood (20-45 years) were assessed separately. The significant SNPs were used to calculate a cumulative allelic risk score (ARS) for childhood and adulthood, respectively, to assess the additive effect of these variants within each period of life. RESULTS The majority of these SNPs (36 of 67) were associated with rate of BMI increase during childhood (P-value range: 0.00004-0.05), whereas only nine SNPs were associated with rate of BMI change during adulthood (P-value range: 0.002-0.02). These 36 SNPs associated with childhood BMI gain likely had a cumulative effect as a higher childhood-ARS associated with rate of BMI change (β=0.032 kg m(-2) per year per risk allele, 95% confidence interval: 0.027-0.036, P<0.0001), such that at age 19 years, individuals with the highest number of risk alleles had a BMI of 10.2 kg m(-2) greater than subjects with the lowest number of risk alleles. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data indicates that genetic polymorphisms associated with lifetime BMI may influence the rate of BMI increase during different periods in the life course. The majority of these polymorphisms have a larger impact on BMI during childhood, providing further evidence that prevention of obesity will need to begin early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Hohenadel
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - L J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - P Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Y L Muller
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - R L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - J Krakoff
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M S Thearle
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Nair AK, Piaggi P, McLean NA, Kaur M, Kobes S, Knowler WC, Bogardus C, Hanson RL, Baier LJ. Assessment of established HDL-C loci for association with HDL-C levels and type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians. Diabetologia 2016; 59:481-91. [PMID: 26670163 PMCID: PMC4744100 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Epidemiological studies in Pima Indians identified elevated levels of HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) as a protective factor against type 2 diabetes risk in women. We assessed whether HDL-C-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) also associate with type 2 diabetes in female Pima Indians. METHODS Twenty-one SNPs in established HDL-C loci were initially analysed in 2,675 full-heritage Pima Indians. SNPs shown to associate with HDL-C (12 SNPs) were assessed for association with type 2 diabetes in 7,710 Pima Indians (55.6% female sex). The CETP locus provided the strongest evidence for association with HDL-C and was further interrogated by analysing tag SNPs. RESULTS Twelve of the 21 SNPs analysed had a significant association with HDL-C in Pima Indians; five SNPs representing four loci (CETP, DOCK6, PPP1R3B and ABCA1) reached genome-wide significance. Three SNPs, at CETP, KLF14 and HNF4A, associated with type 2 diabetes only in female participants with the HDL-C-lowering allele increasing diabetes risk (p values: 3.2 × 10(-4) to 7.7 × 10(-5)); the association remained significant even after adjustment for HDL-C. Additional analysis across CETP identified rs6499863 as having the strongest association with type 2 diabetes in female participants (p = 5.0 × 10(-6)) and this association remained independent of the HDL-C association. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION SNPs at the CETP, HNF4A and KLF14 locus are associated with HDL-C levels and type 2 diabetes (in female participants). However, since HNF4A and KLF14 are established loci for type 2 diabetes, it is unlikely that HDL-C solely mediates these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup K Nair
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Nellie A McLean
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Clifton Bogardus
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
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Lyssenko V, Groop L, Prasad RB. Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes: It Matters From Which Parent We Inherit the Risk. Rev Diabet Stud 2016; 12:233-42. [PMID: 27111116 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2015.12.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from a co-occurrence of genes and environmental factors. There are more than 120 genetic loci suggested to be associated with T2D, or with glucose and insulin levels in European and multi-ethnic populations. Risk of T2D is higher in the offspring if the mother rather than the father has T2D. Genetically, this can be associated with a unique parent-of-origin (PoO) transmission of risk alleles, and it relates to genetic programming during the intrauterine period, resulting in the inability to increase insulin secretion in response to increased demands imposed by insulin resistance later in life. Such PoO transmission is seen for variants in the KLF14, KCNQ1, GRB10, TCF7L2, THADA, and PEG3 genes. Here we describe T2D susceptibility genes associated with defects in insulin secretion, and thereby risk of overt T2D. This review emphasizes the need to consider distorted parental transmission of risk alleles by exploring the genetic risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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36
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Nair AK, Baier LJ. Complex Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes and Effect Size: What have We Learned from Isolated Populations? Rev Diabet Stud 2016; 12:299-319. [PMID: 27111117 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2015.12.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies in large outbred populations have documented a complex, highly polygenic basis for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Most of the variants currently known to be associated with T2D risk have been identified in large studies that included tens of thousands of individuals who are representative of a single major ethnic group such as European, Asian, or African. However, most of these variants have only modest effects on the risk for T2D; identification of definitive 'causal variant' or 'causative loci' is typically lacking. Studies in isolated populations offer several advantages over outbred populations despite being, on average, much smaller in sample size. For example, reduced genetic variability, enrichment of rare variants, and a more uniform environment and lifestyle, which are hallmarks of isolated populations, can reduce the complexity of identifying disease-associated genes. To date, studies in isolated populations have provided valuable insight into the genetic basis of T2D by providing both a deeper understanding of previously identified T2D-associated variants (e.g. demonstrating that variants in KCNQ1 have a strong parent-of-origin effect) or providing novel variants (e.g. ABCC8 in Pima Indians, TBC1D4 in the Greenlandic population, HNF1A in Canadian Oji-Cree). This review summarizes advancements in genetic studies of T2D in outbred and isolated populations, and provides information on whether the difference in the prevalence of T2D in different populations (Pima Indians vs. non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Whites vs. non-Hispanic Blacks) can be explained by the difference in risk allele frequencies of established T2D variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup K Nair
- Diabetes Molecular Genetics Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Diabetes Molecular Genetics Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
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37
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Zhang W, Wang H, Guan X, Niu Q, Li W. Variant rs2237892 of KCNQ1 Is Potentially Associated with Hypertension and Macrovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in A Chinese Han Population. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2015; 13:364-70. [PMID: 26678516 PMCID: PMC4747647 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
KCNQ1 has been identified as a susceptibility gene of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Asian populations through genome-wide association studies. However, studies on the association between gene polymorphism of KCNQ1 and T2DM complications remain unclear. To further analyze the association between different alleles at the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2237892 within KCNQ1 and TD2M and its complications, we conducted a case-control study in a Chinese Han population. The C allele of rs2237892 variant contributed to susceptibility to T2DM (odds ratio [OR], 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-1.75). Genotypes CT (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.24-3.15) and CC (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.57-3.95) were associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Multivariate regression analysis was performed with adjustment of age, gender, and body mass index. We found that systolic blood pressure (P=0.015), prevalence of hypertension (P=0.037), and risk of macrovascular disease (OR, 2.10; CI, 1.00-4.45) were significantly higher in subjects with the CC genotype than in the combined population with genotype either CT or TT. Therefore, our data support that KCNQ1 is associated with an increased risk for T2DM and might contribute to the higher incidence of hypertension and macrovascular complications in patients with T2DM carrying the risk allele C though it needs further to be confirmed in a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hailing Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaomin Guan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qing Niu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325025, China.
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38
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Baier LJ, Muller YL, Remedi MS, Traurig M, Piaggi P, Wiessner G, Huang K, Stacy A, Kobes S, Krakoff J, Bennett PH, Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Hanson RL, Nichols CG, Bogardus C. ABCC8 R1420H Loss-of-Function Variant in a Southwest American Indian Community: Association With Increased Birth Weight and Doubled Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2015; 64:4322-32. [PMID: 26246406 PMCID: PMC4657583 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Missense variants in KCNJ11 and ABCC8, which encode the KIR6.2 and SUR1 subunits of the β-cell KATP channel, have previously been implicated in type 2 diabetes, neonatal diabetes, and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (HHI). To determine whether variation in these genes affects risk for type 2 diabetes or increased birth weight as a consequence of fetal hyperinsulinemia in Pima Indians, missense and common noncoding variants were analyzed in individuals living in the Gila River Indian Community. A R1420H variant in SUR1 (ABCC8) was identified in 3.3% of the population (N = 7,710). R1420H carriers had higher mean birth weights and a twofold increased risk for type 2 diabetes with a 7-year earlier onset age despite being leaner than noncarriers. One individual homozygous for R1420H was identified; retrospective review of his medical records was consistent with HHI and a diagnosis of diabetes at age 3.5 years. In vitro studies showed that the R1420H substitution decreases KATP channel activity. Identification of this loss-of-function variant in ABCC8 with a carrier frequency of 3.3% affects clinical care as homozygous inheritance and potential HHI will occur in 1/3,600 births in this American Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Yunhua Li Muller
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Maria Sara Remedi
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael Traurig
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Gregory Wiessner
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Ke Huang
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Alyssa Stacy
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Jonathan Krakoff
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Peter H Bennett
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - William C Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Clifton Bogardus
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
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39
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Krüppel-like factor 14 increases insulin sensitivity through activation of PI3K/Akt signal pathway. Cell Signal 2015; 27:2201-8. [PMID: 26226221 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown that Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14) is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, no report has demonstrated a relationship between KLF14 and glucose metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine whether KLF14 is associated with glucose metabolism and insulin signaling in vitro. The mRNA and protein expressions of KLF14 were determined by Real-time PCR and Western blotting. Glucose uptake was assessed by 2-[(3)H]-deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake. Western blotting was used to identify the activation of insulin signaling proteins. KLF14 mRNA and protein in fat and muscle were significantly decreased in HFD-fed mice, db/db mice and T2DM patients. Overexpression of KLF14 enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and the activation of Akt kinase in Hepa1-6 cells. The phosphorylation of insulin receptor (InsR), insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and Akt also elevated significantly by up-regulation of KLF14. KLF14 overexpression in Hepa1-6 cells prevented the inhibition of glucose uptake and Akt phosphorylation induced by high glucose and/or high insulin, or T2DM serum. However, KLF14's ability to increase glucose uptake and Akt activation was significantly attenuated by LY294002, a PI3-kinase inhibitor. These data suggested that KLF14 could increase insulin sensitivity probably through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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40
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Mohlke KL, Boehnke M. Recent advances in understanding the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:R85-92. [PMID: 26160912 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association (GWAS) and sequencing studies are providing new insights into the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the inter-individual variation in glycemic traits, including levels of glucose, insulin, proinsulin and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). At the end of 2011, established loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)) totaled 55 for T2D and 32 for glycemic traits. Since then, most new loci have been detected by analyzing common [minor allele frequency (MAF)>0.05] variants in increasingly large sample sizes from populations around the world, and in trans-ancestry studies that successfully combine data from diverse populations. Most recently, advances in sequencing have led to the discovery of four loci for T2D or glycemic traits based on low-frequency (0.005 < MAF ≤ 0.05) variants, and additional low-frequency, potentially functional variants have been identified at GWAS loci. Established published loci now total ∼88 for T2D and 83 for one or more glycemic traits, and many additional loci likely remain to be discovered. Future studies will build on these successes by identifying additional loci and by determining the pathogenic effects of the underlying variants and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA and
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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41
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Hanson RL, Rong R, Kobes S, Muller YL, Weil EJ, Curtis JM, Nelson RG, Baier LJ. Role of Established Type 2 Diabetes-Susceptibility Genetic Variants in a High Prevalence American Indian Population. Diabetes 2015; 64:2646-57. [PMID: 25667308 PMCID: PMC4477349 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been identified, but there is little information on their role in populations at high risk for T2DM. We genotyped SNPs at 63 T2DM loci in 3,421 individuals from a high-risk American Indian population. Nominally significant (P < 0.05) associations were observed at nine SNPs in a direction consistent with the established association. A genetic risk score derived from all loci was strongly associated with T2DM (odds ratio 1.05 per risk allele, P = 6.2 × 10(-6)) and, in 292 nondiabetic individuals, with lower insulin secretion (by 4% per copy, P = 4.1 × 10(-6)). Genetic distances between American Indians and HapMap populations at T2DM markers did not differ significantly from genomic expectations. Analysis of U.S. national survey data suggested that 66% of the difference in T2DM prevalence between African Americans and European Americans, but none of the difference between American Indians and European Americans, was attributable to allele frequency differences at these loci. These analyses suggest that, in general, established T2DM loci influence T2DM in American Indians and that risk is mediated in part through an effect on insulin secretion. However, differences in allele frequencies do not account for the high population prevalence of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Rong Rong
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Yunhua Li Muller
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
| | - E Jennifer Weil
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Jeffrey M Curtis
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
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42
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Ruhrmann S, Stridh P, Kular L, Jagodic M. Genomic imprinting: A missing piece of the Multiple Sclerosis puzzle? Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 67:49-57. [PMID: 26002250 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for parent-of-origin effects in complex diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) strongly suggests a role for epigenetic mechanisms in their pathogenesis. In this review, we describe the importance of accounting for parent-of-origin when identifying new risk variants for complex diseases and discuss how genomic imprinting, one of the best-characterized epigenetic mechanisms causing parent-of-origin effects, may impact etiology of complex diseases. While the role of imprinted genes in growth and development is well established, the contribution and molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of genomic imprinting in immune functions and inflammatory diseases are still largely unknown. Here we discuss emerging roles of imprinted genes in the regulation of inflammatory responses with a particular focus on the Dlk1 cluster that has been implicated in etiology of experimental MS-like disease and Type 1 Diabetes. Moreover, we speculate on the potential wider impact of imprinting via the action of imprinted microRNAs, which are abundantly present in the Dlk1 locus and predicted to fine-tune important immune functions. Finally, we reflect on how unrelated imprinted genes or imprinted genes together with non-imprinted genes can interact in so-called imprinted gene networks (IGN) and suggest that IGNs could partly explain observed parent-of-origin effects in complex diseases. Unveiling the mechanisms of parent-of-origin effects is therefore likely to teach us not only about the etiology of complex diseases but also about the unknown roles of this fascinating phenomenon underlying uneven genetic contribution from our parents. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Epigenetics dynamics in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Ruhrmann
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Stridh
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lara Kular
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maja Jagodic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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43
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Prasad RB, Groop L. Genetics of type 2 diabetes-pitfalls and possibilities. Genes (Basel) 2015; 6:87-123. [PMID: 25774817 PMCID: PMC4377835 DOI: 10.3390/genes6010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex disease that is caused by a complex interplay between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. While the major environmental factors, diet and activity level, are well known, identification of the genetic factors has been a challenge. However, recent years have seen an explosion of genetic variants in risk and protection of T2D due to the technical development that has allowed genome-wide association studies and next-generation sequencing. Today, more than 120 variants have been convincingly replicated for association with T2D and many more with diabetes-related traits. Still, these variants only explain a small proportion of the total heritability of T2D. In this review, we address the possibilities to elucidate the genetic landscape of T2D as well as discuss pitfalls with current strategies to identify the elusive unknown heritability including the possibility that our definition of diabetes and its subgroups is imprecise and thereby makes the identification of genetic causes difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi B Prasad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, CRC, Skåne University Hospital SUS, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, CRC, Skåne University Hospital SUS, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
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Laston SL, Voruganti VS, Haack K, Shah VO, Bobelu A, Bobelu J, Ghahate D, Harford AM, Paine SS, Tentori F, Cole SA, MacCluer JW, Comuzzie AG, Zager PG. Genetics of kidney disease and related cardiometabolic phenotypes in Zuni Indians: the Zuni Kidney Project. Front Genet 2015; 6:6. [PMID: 25688259 PMCID: PMC4311707 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to identify genetic factors associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and related cardiometabolic phenotypes among participants of the Genetics of Kidney Disease in Zuni Indians study. The study was conducted as a community-based participatory research project in the Zuni Indians, a small endogamous tribe in rural New Mexico. We recruited 998 members from 28 extended multigenerational families, ascertained through probands with CKD who had at least one sibling with CKD. We used the Illumina Infinium Human1M-Duo version 3.0 BeadChips to type 1.1 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Prevalence estimates for CKD, hyperuricemia, diabetes, and hypertension were 24%, 30%, 17% and 34%, respectively. We found a significant (p < 1.58 × 10-7) association for a SNP in a novel gene for serum creatinine (PTPLAD2). We replicated significant associations for genes with serum uric acid (SLC2A9), triglyceride levels (APOA1, BUD13, ZNF259), and total cholesterol (PVRL2). We found novel suggestive associations (p < 1.58 × 10-6) for SNPs in genes with systolic (OLFML2B), and diastolic blood pressure (NFIA). We identified a series of genes associated with CKD and related cardiometabolic phenotypes among Zuni Indians, a population with a high prevalence of kidney disease. Illuminating genetic variations that modulate the risk for these disorders may ultimately provide a basis for novel preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Laston
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Regional Academic Health Center, University of Texas at San Antonio Harlingen, TX, USA
| | - V Saroja Voruganti
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Kannapolis, NC, USA ; University of North Carolina Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Karin Haack
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vallabh O Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Arlene Bobelu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jeanette Bobelu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Donica Ghahate
- Department of Biochemistry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Antonia M Harford
- Department of Biochemistry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | | | - Shelley A Cole
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jean W MacCluer
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Anthony G Comuzzie
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute San Antonio, TX, USA ; Southwest National Primate Research Center San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Philip G Zager
- Dialysis Clinic, Inc., Albuquerque, NM USA ; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, USA
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45
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Nair AK, Muller YL, McLean NA, Abdussamad M, Piaggi P, Kobes S, Weil EJ, Curtis JM, Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Hanson RL, Baier LJ. Variants associated with type 2 diabetes identified by the transethnic meta-analysis study: assessment in American Indians and evidence for a new signal in LPP. Diabetologia 2014; 57:2334-8. [PMID: 25112377 PMCID: PMC4180905 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS A recent genome-wide trans-ancestry meta-analysis identified seven new loci associated with type 2 diabetes. We assessed the replication of the seven lead single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and evaluated these loci for additional signals in American Indians. METHODS Seven SNPs were genotyped in 7,710 individuals from a longitudinally studied American Indian population, and associations with type 2 diabetes, BMI and related phenotypes were assessed. Previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from these individuals were used to screen for additional type 2 diabetes signals at these loci. A variant independent of the trans-ancestry meta-analysis was identified within LPP, and its replication was assessed in an additional 3,106 urban American Indians. RESULTS SNP rs6813195 near to TMEM154 was nominally associated with type 2 diabetes (p = 0.01, OR 1.12 [95% CI 1.03, 1.22]) and adiposity: the type 2 diabetes risk allele was associated with a lower percentage body fat (β = -1.451%, p = 4.8 × 10(-4)). Another SNP, rs3130501 near to POU5F1-TCF19, was associated with BMI (β = -0.012, p = 0.004), type 2 diabetes adjusted for BMI (p = 0.02, OR 1.11 [95% CI 1.02, 1.22]), 2 h glucose concentrations (β = 0.080 mmol/l, p = 0.02) and insulin resistance estimated by homeostatic model (β = 0.039, p = 0.009). The independent variant identified at the LPP locus in our American Indian GWAS for type 2 diabetes was replicated in the additional samples (all American Indian meta-analysis, p = 8.9 × 10(-6), OR 1.29 [95% CI 1.15, 1.45]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION For two of the seven newly identified variants, there was nominal evidence for association with type 2 diabetes and related traits in American Indians. Identification of an independent variant at the LPP locus suggests the existence of more than one type 2 diabetes signal at this locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup K. Nair
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Yunhua Li Muller
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Nellie A. McLean
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Maryam Abdussamad
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - E. Jennifer Weil
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Curtis
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Robert G. Nelson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - William C. Knowler
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Robert L. Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Leslie J. Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 445 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
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Thomsen SK, Gloyn AL. The pancreatic β cell: recent insights from human genetics. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:425-34. [PMID: 24986330 PMCID: PMC4229643 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterised by relative or absolute pancreatic β cell dysfunction. Genetic variants implicated in disease risk can be identified by studying affected individuals. To understand the mechanisms driving genetic associations, variants must be translated through causative transcripts to biological insights. Studies into the genetic basis of Mendelian forms of diabetes have successfully identified genes involved in both β cell function and pancreatic development. For type 2 diabetes (T2D), genome-wide association studies (GWASs) are uncovering an ever-increasing number of susceptibility variants that exert their effect through β cell dysfunction, but translation to mechanistic understanding has in most cases been slow. Improved annotations of the islet genome and advances in whole-genome and -exome sequencing (WHS and WES) have facilitated recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soren K Thomsen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, OX3 7LE, UK; Oxford National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Headington, OX3 7LE, UK.
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47
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Kobaly K, Vellanki P, Sisk RK, Armstrong L, Lee JY, Lee J, Hayes MG, Urbanek M, Legro RS, Dunaif A. Parent-of-origin effects on glucose homeostasis in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:2961-6. [PMID: 24878041 PMCID: PMC4121025 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-4338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly heritable complex trait. Parents of affected women have reproductive and metabolic phenotypes. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that there are parental effects on the heritability of fasting dysglycemia in women with PCOS. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a cross-sectional study at an academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS PARTICIPANTS included 367 women with PCOS and their parents (1101 total subjects). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We compared maternal and paternal contributions to heritability of fasting dysglycemia and to transmission of the PCOS susceptibility allele of D19S884 within the fibrillin-3 gene (D19S884-A8) on fasting dysglycemia. RESULTS Fathers had higher fasting glucose levels, prevalence of fasting dysglycemia and proinsulin to insulin molar ratios (P < .0001), a marker of defective insulin processing, compared with mothers. Heritability of fasting dysglycemia was significant in PCOS families (h(2) = 37%, SE = 10%, P = .001). Maternal heritability (h(2) = 51%, SE = 15%, P = .0009) was higher than paternal heritability (h(2) = 23 %, SE = 23%, P = .186) of fasting dysglycemia after adjustment for age and body mass index. Within dysglycemic probands, there was increased maternal compared with paternal transmission of D19S884-A8 (maternal 84% vs paternal 45%, χ(2) = 6.51, P = .011). CONCLUSIONS There was a sex difference in the parental metabolic phenotype with fathers having an increased risk of fasting dysglycemia and evidence for pancreatic β-cell dysfunction compared with mothers. However, only maternal heritability had significant effects on the prevalence of fasting dysglycemia in women with PCOS. Furthermore, there were maternal parent-of-origin effects on transmission of D19S884-A8 probands with fasting dysglycemia. These findings suggest that maternal factors, genetic and perhaps epigenetic, contribute to the metabolic phenotype in affected women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Kobaly
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine (K.K., P.V., R.K.S., L.A., J.Y.L., M.G.H., M.U., A.D.), Department of Medicine, and Department of Preventive Medicine (J.L.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.S.L.), Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
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48
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Harvey NC, Sheppard A, Godfrey KM, McLean C, Garratt E, Ntani G, Davies L, Murray R, Inskip HM, Gluckman PD, Hanson MA, Lillycrop KA, Cooper C. Childhood bone mineral content is associated with methylation status of the RXRA promoter at birth. J Bone Miner Res 2014; 29:600-7. [PMID: 23907847 PMCID: PMC3836689 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Maternal vitamin D deficiency has been associated with reduced offspring bone mineral accrual. Retinoid-X receptor-alpha (RXRA) is an essential cofactor in the action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2 -vitamin D), and RXRA methylation in umbilical cord DNA has been associated with later offspring adiposity. We tested the hypothesis that RXRA methylation in umbilical cord DNA collected at birth is associated with offspring skeletal development, assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, in a population-based mother-offspring cohort (Southampton Women's Survey). Relationships between maternal plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]-vitamin D) concentrations and cord RXRA methylation were also investigated. In 230 children aged 4 years, a higher percent methylation at four of six RXRA CpG sites measured was correlated with lower offspring bone mineral content (BMC) corrected for body size (β = -2.1 to -3.4 g/SD, p = 0.002 to 0.047). In a second independent cohort (n = 64), similar negative associations at two of these CpG sites, but positive associations at the two remaining sites, were observed; however, none of the relationships in this replication cohort achieved statistical significance. The maternal free 25(OH)-vitamin D index was negatively associated with methylation at one of these RXRA CpG sites (β = -3.3 SD/unit, p = 0.03). Thus, perinatal epigenetic marking at the RXRA promoter region in umbilical cord was inversely associated with offspring size-corrected BMC in childhood. The potential mechanistic and functional significance of this finding remains a subject for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allan Sheppard
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Cameron McLean
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Emma Garratt
- Southampton Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Georgia Ntani
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Lucy Davies
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Robert Murray
- Southampton Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hazel M Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore
| | - Mark A Hanson
- Southampton Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- Southampton Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
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49
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Hanson RL, Muller YL, Kobes S, Guo T, Bian L, Ossowski V, Wiedrich K, Sutherland J, Wiedrich C, Mahkee D, Huang K, Abdussamad M, Traurig M, Weil EJ, Nelson RG, Bennett PH, Knowler WC, Bogardus C, Baier LJ. A genome-wide association study in American Indians implicates DNER as a susceptibility locus for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2014; 63:369-76. [PMID: 24101674 PMCID: PMC3868048 DOI: 10.2337/db13-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Most genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in Europeans. The current study reports a GWAS for young-onset T2DM in American Indians. Participants were selected from a longitudinal study conducted in Pima Indians and included 278 cases with diabetes with onset before 25 years of age, 295 nondiabetic controls ≥45 years of age, and 267 siblings of cases or controls. Individuals were genotyped on a ∼1M single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, resulting in 453,654 SNPs with minor allele frequency >0.05. SNPs were analyzed for association in cases and controls, and a family-based association test was conducted. Tag SNPs (n = 311) were selected for 499 SNPs associated with diabetes (P < 0.0005 in case-control analyses or P < 0.0003 in family-based analyses), and these SNPs were genotyped in up to 6,834 additional Pima Indians to assess replication. Rs1861612 in DNER was associated with T2DM (odds ratio = 1.29 per copy of the T allele; P = 6.6 × 10(-8), which represents genome-wide significance accounting for the number of effectively independent SNPs analyzed). Transfection studies in murine pancreatic β-cells suggested that DNER regulates expression of notch signaling pathway genes. These studies implicate DNER as a susceptibility gene for T2DM in American Indians.
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