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Knight AK, Spencer JB, Smith AK. DNA methylation as a window into female reproductive aging. Epigenomics 2024; 16:175-188. [PMID: 38131149 PMCID: PMC10841041 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
People with ovaries experience reproductive aging as their reproductive function and system declines. This has significant implications for both fertility and long-term health, with people experiencing an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders after menopause. Reproductive aging can be assessed through markers of ovarian reserve, response to fertility treatment or molecular biomarkers, including DNA methylation. Changes in DNA methylation with age associate with poorer reproductive outcomes, and epigenome-wide studies can provide insight into genes and pathways involved. DNA methylation-based epigenetic clocks can quantify biological age in reproductive tissues and systemically. This review provides an overview of hallmarks and theories of aging in the context of the reproductive system, and then focuses on studies of DNA methylation in reproductive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Knight
- Research Division, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jessica B Spencer
- Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility Division, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Research Division, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility Division, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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2
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Tozzi R, Campolo F, Baldini E, Venneri MA, Lubrano C, Ulisse S, Gnessi L, Mariani S. Ketogenic Diet Increases Serum and White Adipose Tissue SIRT1 Expression in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415860. [PMID: 36555502 PMCID: PMC9785229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Overnutrition and its sequelae have become a global concern due to the increasing incidence of obesity and insulin resistance. A ketogenic diet (KD) is widely used as a dietary treatment for metabolic disorders. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), a metabolic sensor which regulates fat homeostasis, is modulated by dietary interventions. However, the influence of nutritional ketosis on SIRT1 is still debated. We examined the effect of KD on adipose tissue, liver, and serum levels of SIRT1 in mice. Adult C57BL/6J male mice were randomly assigned to two isocaloric dietary groups and fed with either high-fat KD or normal chow (NC) for 4 weeks. Serum SIRT1, beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), glucose, and triglyceride levels, as well as SIRT1 expression in visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT), and brown (BAT) adipose tissues, and in the liver, were measured. KD-fed mice showed an increase in serum βHB in parallel with serum SIRT1 (r = 0.732, p = 0.0156), and increased SIRT1 protein expression in SAT and VAT. SIRT1 levels remained unchanged in BAT and in the liver, which developed steatosis. Normal glycemia and triglycerides were observed. Under a KD, serum and white fat phenotypes show higher SIRT1, suggesting that one of the molecular mechanisms underlying a KD's potential benefits on metabolic health involves a synergistic interaction with SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Tozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Campolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Enke Baldini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mary Anna Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Lubrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Gnessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Mariani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-6-49970509; Fax: +39-6-4461450
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3
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Wang Z, Wei S. Local treatment with Sema3a could promote the osseointegration of hydroxyapatite coated titanium rod in diabetic rats. J Biomater Appl 2022; 36:1775-1785. [PMID: 35225049 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221075707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) has been identified as a critical gene for osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases osteoblastic bone formation. However, in current research studies, there is a lack of focus on whether Sema3a can affect the osseointegration of titanium rods in diabetes and through what biological mechanisms. Therefore, the present work was aimed to evaluate the effect of local administration with Sema3A on hydroxyapatite coated titanium rod osseointegration in diabetic rat model and preliminary exploration of possible mechanisms. The MC3T3-E1 cells were co-cultured with Sema3A and high glucose and induced to osteogenesis, and the cell viability, osteogenic activity was observed by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8), Alkaline Phosphatase staining, Alizarin Red Staining, and Western Blot. In vitro experiments, CCK-8, ALP, and ARS staining results show that the mineralization and osteogenic activity of MC3T3-E1increased significantly after intervention by Sema3A, as well as a higher levels of protein expressions including Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1(SIRT1), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). In vivo experiment, a better stability and osseointegration of the titanium rod were observed after treatment with Sema3A, as well as a higher SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and SIRT1 gene expression. The present study indicates that local treatment with Sema3A was associated with increased osseointegration of titanium rod by reducing the oxidative stress of osteoblasts and enhancing the function of osteoblasts in a diabetic rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe Shan Xi Road, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, P.R. China
- Additive Manufacturing Institute of Anhui Polytechnic University, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, P.R. China
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4
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Zhang P, Konja D, Zhang Y, Xu A, Lee IK, Jeon JH, Bashiri G, Mitra A, Wang Y. Clusterin is involved in mediating the metabolic function of adipose SIRT1. iScience 2022; 25:103709. [PMID: 35072003 PMCID: PMC8762396 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 is a metabolic sensor regulating energy homeostasis. The present study revealed that mice with selective overexpression of human SIRT1 in adipose tissue (Adipo-SIRT1) were protected from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic abnormalities. Adipose SIRT1 was enriched at mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs) to trigger mitohormesis and unfolded protein response (UPRmt), in turn preventing ER stress. As a downstream target of UPRmt, clusterin was significantly upregulated and acted together with SIRT1 to regulate the protein and lipid compositions at MERCs of adipose tissue. In mice lacking clusterin, HFD-induced metabolic abnormalities were significantly enhanced and could not be prevented by overexpression of SIRT1 in adipose tissue. Treatment with ER stress inhibitors restored adipose SIRT1-mediated beneficial effects on systemic energy metabolism. In summary, adipose SIRT1 facilitated the dynamic interactions and communications between mitochondria and ER, via MERCs, in turn triggering a mild mitochondrial stress to instigate the defense responses against dietary obesity-induced metabolic dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniels Konja
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu41944, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu41404, South Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu41944, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu41404, South Korea
| | - Ghader Bashiri
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alok Mitra
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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5
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Karsono AH, Tandrasasmita OM, Berlian G, Tjandrawinata RR. Potential Antiaging Effects of DLBS1649, a Centella asiatica Bioactive Extract. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:781-795. [PMID: 34413686 PMCID: PMC8369046 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s299547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Centella asiatica is a traditional medicinal plant, especially for wound healing and as a neuroprotective agent. DLBS1649 is a bioactive extract from C. asiatica, and was studied to investigate its benefits as an antiaging agent. Methods DLBS1649 was administered to HEK293 and 3T3L1 mammalian cells cultured in a time- or dose-dependent manner. Telomere length analysis was performed. TERT, CMYC, SIRT1, SIRT2, and KL expression were observed using reverse-transcription qPCR. Telomerase protein was studied with ELISA, while calorie restriction was observed using Oil Red O. In vivo study was conducted using Drosophila melanogaster with restricted mean survival time as the statistical method of analysis. Results DLBS1649 50 µg/mL showed an effect in the prevention of telomere shortening by 50% and decrease in telomerase activity by 28% compared to the controls (70% and 40%, respectively) in the HEK293 cell cultures. TERT-, CMYC-, SIRT1-, SIRT2-, and KL-expression degression was also reduced (29%, 9%, 18%, 25%, 9%, and 30%, respectively) compared to the controls (46%, 40%, 56%, 44%, and 46%, respectively) after ten serial passages. Calorie-restriction activity from DLBS1649 50 µg/mL was seen, with lower fat droplet counts being detected in the treated samples (37%) than the controls (28%) in 3T3L1 cells. DLBS1649 2 mg/mL increased restricted mean survival time in male and female D. melanogaster (23.87% [p<0.05] and 12.58%, respectively). Conclusion The results revealed DLBS1649’s potential as an antiaging agent based on telomere-length preservation, decreased expression of aging-related genes, increased calorie restriction in vitro, and mortality reduction in D. melanogaster in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agung H Karsono
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology, Research Innovation and Invention, Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, West Java17550, Indonesia
| | - Olivia M Tandrasasmita
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology, Research Innovation and Invention, Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, West Java17550, Indonesia
| | - Guntur Berlian
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology, Research Innovation and Invention, Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, West Java17550, Indonesia
| | - Raymond R Tjandrawinata
- Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, West Java17550, Indonesia.,Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Tangerang, 15345, Indonesia
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Comas F, Latorre J, Ortega F, Arnoriaga Rodríguez M, Kern M, Lluch A, Ricart W, Blüher M, Gotor C, Romero LC, Fernández-Real JM, Moreno-Navarrete JM. Activation of Endogenous H 2S Biosynthesis or Supplementation with Exogenous H 2S Enhances Adipose Tissue Adipogenesis and Preserves Adipocyte Physiology in Humans. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:319-340. [PMID: 33554726 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims: To investigate the impact of exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its endogenous biosynthesis on human adipocytes and adipose tissue in the context of obesity and insulin resistance. Results: Experiments in human adipose tissue explants and in isolated preadipocytes demonstrated that exogenous H2S or the activation of endogenous H2S biosynthesis resulted in increased adipogenesis, insulin action, sirtuin deacetylase, and PPARγ transcriptional activity, whereas chemical inhibition and gene knockdown of each enzyme generating H2S (CTH, CBS, MPST) led to altered adipocyte differentiation, cellular senescence, and increased inflammation. In agreement with these experimental data, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue expression of H2S-synthesising enzymes was significantly reduced in morbidly obese subjects in association with attenuated adipogenesis and increased markers of adipose tissue inflammation and senescence. Interestingly, weight-loss interventions (including bariatric surgery or diet/exercise) improved the expression of H2S biosynthesis-related genes. In human preadipocytes, the expression of CTH, CBS, and MPST genes and H2S production were dramatically increased during adipocyte differentiation. More importantly, the adipocyte proteome exhibiting persulfidation was characterized, disclosing that different proteins involved in fatty acid and lipid metabolism, the citrate cycle, insulin signaling, several adipokines, and PPAR, experienced the most dramatic persulfidation (85-98%). Innovation: No previous studies investigated the impact of H2S on human adipose tissue. This study suggests that the potentiation of adipose tissue H2S biosynthesis is a possible therapeutic approach to improve adipose tissue dysfunction in patients with obesity and insulin resistance. Conclusion: Altogether, these data supported the relevance of H2S biosynthesis in the modulation of human adipocyte physiology. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 319-340.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Comas
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Jèssica Latorre
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - María Arnoriaga Rodríguez
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Matthias Kern
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Aina Lluch
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Wifredo Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cecilia Gotor
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis C Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
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Pardo R, Velilla M, Herrero L, Cervela L, Ribeiro ML, Simó R, Villena JA. Calorie Restriction and SIRT1 Overexpression Induce Different Gene Expression Profiles in White Adipose Tissue in Association with Metabolic Improvement. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000672. [PMID: 33686759 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calorie restriction (CR) exerts multiple effects on health, including the amelioration of systemic insulin resistance. Although the precise mechanisms by which CR improves glucose homeostasis remain poorly defined, SIRT1 has been suggested to act as a central mediator of the cellular responses to CR. Here, we aim at identifying the mechanisms by which CR and SIRT1 modulate white adipose tissue (WAT) function, a key tissue in the control of glucose homeostasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A gene expression profiling study using DNA microarrays is conducted in WAT of control and SIRT1 transgenic mice fed ad libitum (AL) and mice subjected to 40% CR. RESULTS Gene expression profiling reveals a relatively low degree of overlap between the transcriptional programs regulated by SIRT1 and CR. Gene networks related to extracellular matrix appear commonly downregulated by SIRT1/CR, whereas mitochondrial biogenesis is enhanced exclusively by CR. Moreover, WAT inflammation is reduced by CR and SIRT1, although their anti-inflammatory effects appeared to be achieved by regulating different gene networks related to the immune system. CONCLUDING REMARKS In WAT, SIRT1 does not mediate most of the effects of CR on gene expression. Still, gene networks differentially regulated by SIRT1 and CR converge to reduce WAT inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pardo
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Marc Velilla
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,CIBEROBN, CIBER on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Luis Cervela
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Marcelo L Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.,Post Graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade São Francisco (USF), Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Rafael Simó
- Group of Diabetes and Metabolism, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.,CIBERDEM, CIBER on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Josep A Villena
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.,CIBERDEM, CIBER on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Zhang Y, Cao H, Chen J, Li Y, Xu A, Wang Y. Adiponectin-expressing Treg facilitate T lymphocyte development in thymic nurse cell complexes. Commun Biol 2021; 4:344. [PMID: 33727658 PMCID: PMC7966800 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is a well-known insulin sensitizer and anti-inflammatory molecule, possessing therapeutic potentials in cardiovascular, metabolic and cancer diseases. Results of the present study demonstrate that adiponectin is expressed in a population of regulatory T-cells (Treg) resided within the thymic nurse cell (TNC) complexes. Adoptive transfer of adiponectin-expressing Treg precursors effectively attenuated obesity, improved glucose and insulin tolerance, prevented fatty liver injuries in wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet, and significantly inhibited breast cancer development in MMTV-PyVT transgenic mice. Within the TNC complexes, locally produced adiponectin bound to and regulated the expression as well as the distribution of CD100, a transmembrane lymphocyte semaphorin, in turn modulating the lymphoepithelial interactions to facilitate T-cell development and maturation. In summary, adiponectin plays an important role in the selection and development of T lymphocytes within the TNC complexes. Adiponectin-expressing Treg represent a promising candidate for adoptive cell immunotherapy against obesity-related metabolic and cancer diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Adiponectin/genetics
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Glucose Intolerance/immunology
- Glucose Intolerance/metabolism
- Glucose Intolerance/prevention & control
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse/genetics
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/immunology
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control
- Obesity/immunology
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/prevention & control
- Phenotype
- Semaphorins/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/transplantation
- Thymocytes/immunology
- Thymocytes/metabolism
- Thymocytes/transplantation
- Thymus Gland/immunology
- Thymus Gland/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Handi Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Henry Fok College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanxin Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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9
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Maissan P, Mooij EJ, Barberis M. Sirtuins-Mediated System-Level Regulation of Mammalian Tissues at the Interface between Metabolism and Cell Cycle: A Systematic Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030194. [PMID: 33806509 PMCID: PMC7999230 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins are a family of highly conserved NAD+-dependent proteins and this dependency links Sirtuins directly to metabolism. Sirtuins' activity has been shown to extend the lifespan of several organisms and mainly through the post-translational modification of their many target proteins, with deacetylation being the most common modification. The seven mammalian Sirtuins, SIRT1 through SIRT7, have been implicated in regulating physiological responses to metabolism and stress by acting as nutrient sensors, linking environmental and nutrient signals to mammalian metabolic homeostasis. Furthermore, mammalian Sirtuins have been implicated in playing major roles in mammalian pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, obesity and cancer. Mammalian Sirtuins are expressed heterogeneously among different organs and tissues, and the same holds true for their substrates. Thus, the function of mammalian Sirtuins together with their substrates is expected to vary among tissues. Any therapy depending on Sirtuins could therefore have different local as well as systemic effects. Here, an introduction to processes relevant for the actions of Sirtuins, such as metabolism and cell cycle, will be followed by reasoning on the system-level function of Sirtuins and their substrates in different mammalian tissues. Their involvement in the healthy metabolism and metabolic disorders will be reviewed and critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parcival Maissan
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Eva J. Mooij
- Systems Biology, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK;
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK
| | - Matteo Barberis
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Systems Biology, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK;
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +44-1483-684-610
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10
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The role of adipose tissue senescence in obesity- and ageing-related metabolic disorders. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:315-330. [PMID: 31998947 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue as the largest energy reservoir and endocrine organ is essential for maintenance of systemic glucose, lipid and energy homeostasis, but these metabolic functions decline with ageing and obesity. Adipose tissue senescence is one of the common features in obesity and ageing. Although cellular senescence is a defensive mechanism preventing tumorigenesis, its occurrence in adipose tissue causatively induces defective adipogenesis, inflammation, aberrant adipocytokines production and insulin resistance, leading to adipose tissue dysfunction. In addition to these paracrine effects, adipose tissue senescence also triggers systemic inflammation and senescence as well as insulin resistance in the distal metabolic organs, resulting in Type 2 diabetes and other premature physiological declines. Multiple cell types including mature adipocytes, immune cells, endothelial cells and progenitor cells gradually senesce at different levels in different fat depots with ageing and obesity, highlighting the heterogeneity and complexity of adipose tissue senescence. In this review, we discuss the causes and consequences of adipose tissue senescence, and the major cell types responsible for adipose tissue senescence in ageing and obesity. In addition, we summarize the pharmacological approaches and lifestyle intervention targeting adipose tissue senescence for the treatment of obesity- and ageing-related metabolic diseases.
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11
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Madeo F, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Hofer SJ, Kroemer G. Caloric Restriction Mimetics against Age-Associated Disease: Targets, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential. Cell Metab 2019; 29:592-610. [PMID: 30840912 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The increase in life expectancy has boosted the incidence of age-related pathologies beyond social and economic sustainability. Consequently, there is an urgent need for interventions that revert or at least prevent the pathogenic age-associated deterioration. The permanent or periodic reduction of calorie intake without malnutrition (caloric restriction and fasting) is the only strategy that reliably extends healthspan in mammals including non-human primates. However, the strict and life-long compliance with these regimens is difficult, which has promoted the emergence of caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs). We define CRMs as compounds that ignite the protective pathways of caloric restriction by promoting autophagy, a cytoplasmic recycling mechanism, via a reduction in protein acetylation. Here, we describe the current knowledge on molecular, cellular, and organismal effects of known and putative CRMs in mice and humans. We anticipate that CRMs will become part of the pharmacological armamentarium against aging and age-related cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Sebastian J Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U 1138, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China.
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12
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Artsi H, Gurt I, El-Haj M, Müller R, Kuhn GA, Ben Shalom G, Cohen-Kfir E, Abramowitz E, Kandel L, Safran O, Dresner-Pollak R. Sirt1 Promotes a Thermogenic Gene Program in Bone Marrow Adipocytes: From Mice to (Wo)Men. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:126. [PMID: 30873124 PMCID: PMC6403178 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) is influenced by nutritional cues, and participates in whole body energy metabolism. To investigate the role of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), a key player in metabolism, in MAT, marrow adiposity was evaluated in inbred 5-month-old 129/Sv Sirt1 haplo-insufficient (Sirt1 Δ/+) and wild type (WT) mice. Decreased expression of the thermogenic genes: Prdm16, Pgc1α, Foxc2, Dio2, and β3AR was detected in whole tibiae derived from Sirt1 Δ/+ compared to WT female mice. Similarly, decreased expression of Prdm16 and Pgc1α was observed in primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) cultures obtained from Sirt1 Δ/+ compared to WT female mice, suggesting a cell autonomous effect of Sirt1 in BM-MSCs. In vitro, Sirt1 over-expression in the mesenchymal embryonic fibroblast stem cell line C3HT101/2 increased Pgc1α and Prdm16 protein level. Similarly, pharmacologic activation of Sirt1 by SRT3025 increased Foxc2, Pgc1α, Dio2, Tfam, and Cyc1 expression while inhibition of Sirt1 by EX527 down-regulated UCP1 in C3HT101/2 cells. Importantly, in human femoral BM-MSCs obtained from female patients undergoing hip operations for fracture or osteoarthritis, Sirt1 activation by SRT3025 increased PGC1α mRNA and protein level. Blocking sclerostin, an inhibitor of the WNT pathway and a Sirt1 target, by the monoclonal humanized antibody (Sc-AbII), stimulated β3AR, PRDM16, and UCP1 gene expression, and increased PGC1α protein level. These results show that Sirt1 stimulates a thermogenic gene program in marrow adipocytes in mice and humans via PGC1α activation and sclerostin inhibition. The implications of these findings to bone health, hematopoiesis and whole body energy metabolism remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Artsi
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irina Gurt
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Madi El-Haj
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ralph Müller
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gisela A. Kuhn
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gal Ben Shalom
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Einav Cohen-Kfir
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eva Abramowitz
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Leonid Kandel
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ori Safran
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rivka Dresner-Pollak
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, The Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Rivka Dresner-Pollak
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13
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Zhu Y, Huang JJ, Zhang XX, Yan Y, Yin XW, Ping G, Jiang WM. Qing Gan Zi Shen Tang alleviates adipose tissue dysfunction with up-regulation of SIRT1 in spontaneously hypertensive rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:246-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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14
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Hui X, Zhang M, Gu P, Li K, Gao Y, Wu D, Wang Y, Xu A. Adipocyte SIRT1 controls systemic insulin sensitivity by modulating macrophages in adipose tissue. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:645-657. [PMID: 28270525 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201643184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue inflammation, characterized by augmented infiltration and altered polarization of macrophages, contributes to insulin resistance and its associated metabolic diseases. The NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 serves as a guardian against metabolic disorders in multiple tissues. To dissect the roles of SIRT1 in adipose tissues, metabolic phenotypes of mice with selective ablation of SIRT1 in adipocytes and myeloid cells were monitored. Compared to myeloid-specific SIRT1 depletion, mice with adipocyte-selective deletion of SIRT1 are more susceptible to diet-induced insulin resistance. The phenotypic changes in adipocyte-selective SIRT1 knockout mice are associated with an increased number of adipose-resident macrophages and their polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 subtype. Mechanistically, SIRT1 in adipocytes modulates expression and secretion of several adipokines, including adiponectin, MCP-1, and interleukin 4, which in turn alters recruitment and polarization of the macrophages in adipose tissues. In adipocytes, SIRT1 deacetylates the transcription factor NFATc1 and thereby enhances the binding of NFATc1 to the Il4 gene promoter. These findings suggest that adipocyte SIRT1 controls systemic glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity via the cross talk with adipose-resident macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuai Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Donghai Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China .,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China .,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Lee HJ, Yang SJ. Aging-Related Correlation between Serum Sirtuin 1 Activities and Basal Metabolic Rate in Women, but not in Men. Clin Nutr Res 2017; 6:18-26. [PMID: 28168178 PMCID: PMC5288549 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2017.6.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin (SIRT) is a main regulator of metabolism and lifespan, and its importance has been implicated in the prevention against aging-related diseases. The purpose of this study was to identify the pattern of serum SIRT1 activity according to age and sex, and to investigate how serum SIRT1 activity is correlated with other metabolic parameters in Korean adults. The Biobank of Jeju National University Hospital, a member of the Korea Biobank Network, provided serum samples from 250 healthy adults. Aging- and metabolism-related factors were analyzed in serum, and the data were compared by the stratification of age and sex. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) decreased with age and was significantly lower in men in their fifties and older and in women in their forties and older compared with twenties in men and women, respectively. SIRT1 activities were altered by age and sex. Especially, women in their thirties showed the highest SIRT1 activities. Correlation analysis displayed that SIRT1 activity is positively correlated with serum triglyceride (TG) in men, and with waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and serum TG in women. And, SIRT1 activity was negatively correlated with aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio in women (r = −0.183, p = 0.039). Positive correlation was observed between SIRT1 activity and BMR in women (r = 0.222, p = 0.027), but not in men. Taken together, these findings suggest the possibility that serum SIRT1 activities may be utilized as a biomarker of aging. In addition, positive correlation between SIRT1 activity and BMR in women suggests that serum SIRT1 activity may reflect energy expenditure well in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
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16
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Cloning and Characterization of Sirtuin3 (SIRT3). Methods Mol Biol 2016. [PMID: 27246217 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3667-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating longevity. SIRT3 is a mitochondrial sirtuin mediating the deacetylation of various metabolic and antioxidant enzymes, in turn controlling energy metabolism, stress resistance, and the pace of ageing. To study the function of SIRT3, a proteomics-based approach is employed for identifying the protein-binding partners of this enzyme in mitochondria.
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17
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The circadian clock is an intricate biological timekeeper that is subject to fine-tuning mechanisms in order to maintain synchrony with the surrounding environment. One such mechanism is performed by the mammalian sirtuins that provide plasticity to the circadian clock by sensing cellular metabolic state. The sirtuins modulate the circadian epigenome and subsequent transcriptional control, and alterations to this organized system manifest in metabolic consequences, aging phenotypes and possibly cancer. RECENT FINDINGS New information regarding sirtuin-dependent control of the circadian clock has emerged. In addition to sirtuin (SIRT)1 and SIRT3, SIRT6 has been demonstrated as a critical regulator of circadian transcription that also serves as an interface with metabolic homeostasis. Also, new metabolic functions of SIRT1 have been described in the brain, which are critical to relay nutritional inputs to the central clock. SUMMARY This review focuses on the link between the circadian clock and the sirtuins, with an emphasis on new findings. In addition, speculation on the possible connections at the physiological level will be made that could further link the clock to aging and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Masri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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18
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Lam YY, Ghosh S, Civitarese AE, Ravussin E. Six-month Calorie Restriction in Overweight Individuals Elicits Transcriptomic Response in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue That is Distinct From Effects of Energy Deficit. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 71:1258-65. [PMID: 26486851 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction confers health benefits distinct from energy deficit by exercise. We characterized the adipose-transcriptome to investigate the molecular basis of the differential phenotypic responses. Abdominal subcutaneous fat was collected from 24 overweight participants randomized in three groups (N = 8/group): weight maintenance (control), 25% energy deficit by calorie restriction alone (CR), and 25% energy deficit by calorie restriction with structured exercise (CREX). Within each group, gene expression was compared between 6 months and baseline with cutoffs at nominal p ≤ .01 and absolute fold-change ≥ 1.5. Gene-set enrichment analysis (false discovery rate < 5%) was used to identify significantly regulated biological pathways. CR and CREX elicited similar overall clinical response to energy deficit and a comparable reduction in gene transcription specific to oxidative phosphorylation and proteasome function. CR vastly outweighed CREX in the number of differentially regulated genes (88 vs 39) and pathways (28 vs 6). CR specifically downregulated the chemokine signaling-related pathways. Among the CR-regulated genes, 27 functioned as transcription/translation regulators (eg, mRNA processing or transcription/translation initiation), whereas CREX regulated only one gene in this category. Our data suggest that CR has a broader effect on the transcriptome compared with CREX which may mediate its specific impact on delaying primary aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Y Lam
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Centre for Computational Biology & Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Anthony E Civitarese
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Novo Nordisk Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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