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Capobianco E, Pirrone I. Paternal programming of fetoplacental and offspring metabolic disorders. Placenta 2023; 141:71-77. [PMID: 37355440 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The alarming increase in the prevalence of metabolic pathologies is of worldwide concern and has been linked not only to genetic factors but also to a large number of non-genetic factors. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the study of the programming of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, by paternal exposure, a paradigm termed "Paternal Origins of Health and Disease" (POHaD). This term derives from the better known "Developmental Origins of Health and Disease" (DOHaD), which focuses on the involvement of the maternal intrauterine environment and complications during pregnancy associated with the health and disease of the offspring. Studies on paternal programming have documented environmentally induced epigenetic modifications in the male germline and in seminal plasma, which lead to intergenerational and transgenerational phenotypes, evident already during fetoplacental development. Studies with animal models at both ends of the nutritional spectrum (undernutrition or overnutrition) have been performed to understand the possible mechanisms and signaling pathways leading to the programming of metabolic disorders by exploring epigenetic changes throughout the life of the offspring. The aim of this review was to address the evidence of the programming of fetoplacental developmental alterations and metabolic pathologies in the offspring of males with metabolic disorders and unhealthy exposures, highlighting the mechanisms involved in such programming and looking for paternal interventions to reduce negative health outcomes in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelina Capobianco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Irune Pirrone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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2
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McIntyre HD, Fuglsang J, Kampmann U, Knorr S, Ovesen P. Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy and Women's Health in the 21st Century. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16827. [PMID: 36554709 PMCID: PMC9779688 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is the commonest medical condition affecting pregnancy and its incidence is increasing globally in parallel with the twin epidemics of diabetes and obesity. Both pre-pregnancy diabetes and gestational diabetes are associated with short term pregnancy complications, with the risk of immediate complications generally broadly rising with more severe hyperglycemia. In this article we firstly consider these risks and their optimal management during pregnancy and then broaden our scope to consider the long-term implications of hyperglycemia in pregnancy as it relates to overall maternal and offspring health in a life course perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold David McIntyre
- Mater Research, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Fuglsang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulla Kampmann
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sine Knorr
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per Ovesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
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Dabelea D, Sauder KA, Jensen ET, Mottl AK, Huang A, Pihoker C, Hamman RF, Lawrence J, Dolan LM, Agostino RD, Wagenknecht L, Mayer-Davis EJ, Marcovina SM. Twenty years of pediatric diabetes surveillance: what do we know and why it matters. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1495:99-120. [PMID: 33543783 PMCID: PMC8282684 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) was initiated in 2000 as a multicenter study to address major gaps in the understanding of childhood diabetes in the United States. An active registry of youth diagnosed with diabetes at age <20 years since 2002 assessed prevalence, annual incidence, and trends by age, race/ethnicity, sex, and diabetes type. An observational cohort nested within the population-based registry was established to assess the natural history and risk factors for acute and chronic diabetes-related complications, as well as the quality of care and quality of life of children and adolescents with diabetes from diagnosis into young adulthood. SEARCH findings have contributed to a better understanding of the complex and heterogeneous nature of youth-onset diabetes. Continued surveillance of the burden and risk of type 1 and type 2 diabetes is important to track and monitor incidence and prevalence within the population. SEARCH reported evidence of early diabetes complications highlighting that continuing the long-term follow-up of youth with diabetes is necessary to further our understanding of its natural history and to develop the most appropriate approaches to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of diabetes and its complications. This review summarizes two decades of research and suggests avenues for further work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Departments of Epidemiology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Katherine A. Sauder
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Departments of Epidemiology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Elizabeth T. Jensen
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Amy K. Mottl
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Alyssa Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Richard F. Hamman
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, Departments of Epidemiology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jean Lawrence
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA
| | - Lawrence M. Dolan
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Ralph D’ Agostino
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Lynne Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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Eberle C, Kirchner MF, Herden R, Stichling S. Paternal metabolic and cardiovascular programming of their offspring: A systematic scoping review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244826. [PMID: 33382823 PMCID: PMC7775047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is lots of evidence that maternal peri-gestational metabolic, genomic and environmental conditions are closely linked to metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in their offspring later in life. Moreover, there is also lotsof evidence that underlining mechanisms, such as molecular as well as epigenetic changes may alter the intrauterine environment leading to cardio-metabolic diseases in their offspring postnatal. But, there is also increasing evidence that cardio-metabolic diseases may be closely linked to their paternal metabolic risk factors, such as obesity, Type 2 Diabetes and other risk factors. OBJECTIVE To analyse the evidence as well as specific risk factors of paternal trans-generational programming of cardio-metabolic diseases in their offspring. METHODS Within a systematic scoping review, we performed a literature search in MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE databases in August 2020 considering original research articles (2000-2020) that examined the impact of paternal programming on metabolic and cardiovascular offspring health. Epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies as well as human and animal model studies were included. RESULTS From n = 3.199 citations, n = 66 eligible studies were included. We selected n = 45 epidemiological as well as clinical studies and n = 21 experimental studies. In brief, pre-conceptional paternal risk factors, such as obesity, own birth weight, high-fat and low-protein diet, undernutrition, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycaemia, advanced age, smoking as well as environmental chemical exposure affect clearly metabolic and cardiovascular health of their offspring later in life. CONCLUSIONS There is emerging evidence that paternal risk factors, such as paternal obesity, diabetes mellitus, nutritional habits, advanced age and exposure to environmental chemicals or cigarette smoke, are clearly associated with adverse effects in metabolic and cardiovascular health in their offspring. Compared to maternal programming, pre-conceptional paternal factors might also have also a substantial effect in the sense of trans-generational programming of their offspring and need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Eberle
- Medicine with Specialization in Internal Medicine and General Medicine, Hochschule Fulda–University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Michaela F. Kirchner
- Medicine with Specialization in Internal Medicine and General Medicine, Hochschule Fulda–University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | - Raphaela Herden
- Medicine with Specialization in Internal Medicine and General Medicine, Hochschule Fulda–University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | - Stefanie Stichling
- Medicine with Specialization in Internal Medicine and General Medicine, Hochschule Fulda–University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
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Chen X, Lin Q, Wen J, Lin W, Liang J, Huang H, Li L, Huang J, Chen F, Liu D, Chen G. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing of human spermatozoa reveals differentially methylated patterns from type 2 diabetic patients. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:856-864. [PMID: 31869513 PMCID: PMC7378413 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide, and it might partly cause metabolic disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility in patients' offspring through epigenetic modification. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Recent studies have shown a potential link between deoxyribonucleic acid methylation in paternal sperm and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in offspring, so this article focuses on whether the whole-genome methylation profiles of spermatozoa in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have changed. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the genome-wide deoxyribonucleic acid methylation profiles in spermatozoa by comparing eight individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nine non-diabetic controls using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing method. RESULTS First, we found that the proportion of methylated cytosine in the whole genome of the type 2 diabetes mellitus group was slightly lower than that of the control group. Interestingly, the proportion of methylated cytosines in the CG context decreased, and the proportion of methylated cytosines in the CHG context (H = A, T or C) increased in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group, but the proportion of methylated cytosines in the CHH context (H = A, T or C) barely changed. The methylated cytosines in the CG context were mainly distributed at the high methylated level, whereas methylated cytosines in the CHG context and methylated cytosines in the CHH context were mainly distributed at the low and middle methylated level in both groups. Second, functional enrichment analysis showed that differentially methylated genes played a significant role in nervous system development and cell metabolism. Finally, we identified 10 top type 2 diabetes mellitus-related differentially methylated genes, including IRS1, PRKCE, FTO, PPARGC1A, KCNQ1, ATP10A, GHR, CREB1, PRKAR1A and HNF1B. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first evidence for deoxyribonucleic acid methylation reprogramming in spermatozoa of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, and provides a new basis for explaining the complex mechanism of type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfeng Chen
- Department of Scientific ResearchFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Qinghua Lin
- Department of Scientific ResearchFujian Academy of Medical SciencesFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Junping Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismFujian Provincial HospitalShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismFujian Provincial HospitalShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Jixing Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismFujian Provincial HospitalShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Huibin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismFujian Provincial HospitalShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Liantao Li
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismFujian Provincial HospitalShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Jianxin Huang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Falin Chen
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Deli Liu
- HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational BiomedicineNew York CityNew YorkUSA
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Scientific ResearchFujian Academy of Medical SciencesFuzhouFujianChina
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismFujian Provincial HospitalShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
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Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is perceived as a chronic immune-mediated disease with a subclinical prodromal period characterized by selective loss of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets in genetically susceptible subjects. The incidence of T1D has increased manifold in most developed countries after World War II in parallel with a series of other immune-mediated diseases. T1D results from gene-environmental interactions. The appearance of disease-associated autoantibodies into the peripheral circulation is the first detectable sign of the initiation of the disease process leading to clinical T1D. The first autoantibodies may appear already before the age of 6 months and the seroconversion rate peaks during the second year of life. This implies that exogenous factors involved in the pathogenesis of T1D must be operative in early life, some of them most likely already during pregnancy. Here, we discuss putative endogenous factors that may contribute to the development of T1D during fetal and early postnatal life. Many environmental factors operative in early life have been implicated in the pathogenesis of T1D, but relatively few have been firmly confirmed.
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Phillips JE, Couper JJ, Penno MAS, Harrison LC. Type 1 diabetes: a disease of developmental origins. Pediatr Diabetes 2017; 18:417-421. [PMID: 27526948 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of type 1 diabetes globally has increased dramatically over the last 50 years. Proposed environmental reasons for this increase mirror the modern lifestyle. Type 1 diabetes can be viewed as part of the non- communicable disease epidemic in our modern society. Meanwhile rapidly evolving new technologies are advancing our understanding of how human microbial communities interface with the immune system and metabolism, and how the modern pro-inflammatory environment is changing these communities and contributing to the rapid rise of non-communicable disease. The majority of children who present with clinical type 1 diabetes are of school age; however 80% of children who develop type 1 diabetes by 18 years of age will have detectable islet autoantibodies by 3 years of age. The evolving concept that type 1 diabetes in many children has developmental origins has directed research questions in search of prevention back to pregnancy and early life. To this end the world's first pregnancy to early childhood cohort study in at-risk children has commenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Phillips
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jennifer J Couper
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Megan A S Penno
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Leonard C Harrison
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Abstract
Early - intrauterine - environmental factors are linked to the development of cardiovascular disease in later life. Traditionally, these factors are considered to be maternal factors such as maternal under and overnutrition, exposure to toxins, lack of micronutrients, and stress during pregnancy. However, in the recent years, it became obvious that also paternal environmental factors before conception and during sperm development determine the health of the offspring in later life. We will first describe clinical observational studies providing evidence for paternal programming of adulthood diseases in progeny. Next, we describe key animal studies proving this relationship, followed by a detailed analysis of our current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of paternal programming. Alterations of noncoding sperm micro-RNAs, histone acetylation, and targeted as well as global DNA methylation seem to be in particular involved in paternal programming of offspring's diseases in later life.
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Li J, Liu S, Li S, Feng R, Na L, Chu X, Wu X, Niu Y, Sun Z, Han T, Deng H, Meng X, Xu H, Zhang Z, Qu Q, Zhang Q, Li Y, Sun C. Prenatal exposure to famine and the development of hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes in adulthood across consecutive generations: a population-based cohort study of families in Suihua, China. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105:221-227. [PMID: 27927634 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.138792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been increased recognition that prenatal or perinatal nutrition has an effect on the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adulthood, although studies that have directly examined whether the effect could be transmitted to the next generation remain sparse. OBJECTIVE We investigated the role of prenatal exposure to the Chinese famine in affecting future T2D risk in adulthood in 2 consecutive generations. DESIGN A total of 1034 families, including 2068 parents [parental generation (F1)] and 1183 offspring [offspring generation (F2)], were recruited from the Suihua rural area that was affected by the Chinese Famine of 1959-1961. Participants born between 1 October 1959 and 30 September 1961 were defined as famine exposed, and those born between 1 October 1962 and 30 September 1964 were defined as nonexposed. The F2 were classified as having 1) no parent exposed to famine, 2) only a mother exposed to famine, 3) only a father exposed to famine, or 4) both parents exposed to famine. Classical risk factors for T2D as well as fasting-glucose- and oral-glucose-tolerance tests were measured in both the F1 and F2. RESULTS Prenatal exposure to famine was associated with elevated risks of hyperglycemia (multivariable-adjusted OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.51, 2.48) and T2D (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.54) in adulthood in F1. Furthermore, compared with the offspring of nonexposed parents, the F2 with exposed parents- especially both exposed parents-had increased hyperglycemia risk (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.66) in adulthood. CONCLUSION Prenatal exposure to famine remarkably increases hyperglycemia risk in 2 consecutive generations of Chinese adults independent of known T2D risk factors, which supports the notion that prenatal nutrition plays an important role in the development of T2D across consecutive generations of Chinese adults. This trial was registered at www.chictr.org.cn as ChiCTR-ECH-13003644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and.,Departments of Epidemiology and.,Medicine, Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Simin Liu
- Departments of Epidemiology and.,Medicine, Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Songtao Li
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Rennan Feng
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Lixin Na
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Xia Chu
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Yucun Niu
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Zongxiang Sun
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Tianshu Han
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Haoyuan Deng
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Xing Meng
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Huan Xu
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Zhe Zhang
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Qiannuo Qu
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Qiao Zhang
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Ying Li
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
| | - Changhao Sun
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; and
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Ornellas F, Souza-Mello V, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. Programming of obesity and comorbidities in the progeny: lessons from a model of diet-induced obese parents. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124737. [PMID: 25880318 PMCID: PMC4399989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the impact of paternal obesity, maternal obesity or the combination of two obese parents on markers of adult offspring metabolism, with a focus on body mass (BM), lipid and carbohydrate, components of lipogenesis and beta-oxidation in the liver, sex dimorphism in the offspring that received a SC diet during the postnatal period. Materials and Methods Male and female C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HF; 49% lipids) or standard chow (SC; 17% lipids) for 8 weeks before mating until lactation. The offspring were labeled according to sex, maternal diet (first letters), paternal diet (second letters), and received a SCdiet until 12-weeks of age when they were sacrificed. BM, eating behavior, glucose tolerance, plasma analysis, gene and protein expression of the components of lipogenesis and beta-oxidation in the liver of offspring were evaluated. Results HF diet-fed mothers and fathers were overweight, hyperglycemic and glucose intolerant and had a deteriorating lipid profile. The adult male and female offspring of HF-mothers were overweight, with an increased adiposity index, hyperphagic, had an impaired glucose metabolism, increased total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels, increased lipogenesis concomitant with decreased beta-oxidation resulting in liver steatosis. The male and female offspring of HF-father had impaired glucose metabolism, exacerbated lipogenesis without influencing beta-oxidation and enhanced hepatic steatosis. These findings are independent of BM. Male and female offspring of a mother and father that received a HF diet demonstrated these effects most prominently in adult life. Conclusion Paternal obesity leads to alterations in glucose metabolism, increase in components of lipogenesis and liver steatosis. In contrast, maternal obesity leads to overweight and changes in the metabolic profile and liver resulting from activation of hepatic lipogenesis with impaired beta-oxidation. When both parents are obese, the effects observed in the male and female offspring are exacerbated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Ornellas
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Souza-Mello
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Barbosa Aguila
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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11
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Slyvka Y, Zhang Y, Nowak FV. Epigenetic effects of paternal diet on offspring: emphasis on obesity. Endocrine 2015; 48:36-46. [PMID: 24997644 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Overnutrition, obesity, and the rise in associated comorbidities are widely recognized as preventable challenges to global health. Behavioral, metabolic, and epigenetic influences that alter the epigenome, when passed on to offspring, can increase their risk of developing an altered metabolic profile. This review is focused on the role of paternal inheritance as demonstrated by clinical, epidemiological, and experimental models. Development of additional experimental models that resemble the specific epigenetic sensitive situations in human studies will be essential to explore paternally induced trans-generational effects that are mediated, primarily, by epigenetic effects. Further elucidation of epigenetic marks will help identify preventive and therapeutic targets, which in combination with healthy lifestyle choices, can diminish the growing tide of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Slyvka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, HCOM, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
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12
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Wei Y, Schatten H, Sun QY. Environmental epigenetic inheritance through gametes and implications for human reproduction. Hum Reprod Update 2014; 21:194-208. [PMID: 25416302 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmu061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional studies focused on DNA as the heritable information carrier that passes the phenotype from parents to offspring. However, increasing evidence suggests that information, that is independent of the DNA sequence, termed epigenetic information, can be inherited between generations. Recently, in our lab, we found that prediabetes in fathers increases the susceptibility to diabetes in offspring through gametic cytosine methylation changes. Paternal prediabetes changed overall methylation patterns in sperm, and a large portion of differentially methylated loci can be transmitted to pancreatic islets of offspring up to the second generation. In this review, we survey the extensive examples of environmentally induced epigenetic inheritance in various species, ranging from Caenorhabditis elegans to humans. We focus mainly on elucidating the molecular basis of environmental epigenetic inheritance through gametes, which is an emerging theme and has important implications for explaining the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes and other chronic non-genetic diseases, which is also important for understanding the influence of environmental exposures on reproductive and overall health in offspring. METHODS For this review, we included relevant data and information obtained through a PubMed database search for all English language articles published up to August 2014 which included the term 'environmental epigenetic inheritance' and 'transgenerational epigenetic inheritance'. We focused on research papers using animal models including Drosophila, C. elegans, mouse and rat. Human data were also included. RESULTS Evidence from animal models suggests that environmental epigenetic inheritance through gametes exists in various species. Extensive molecular evidence suggests that epigenetic information carriers including DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs and chromatin proteins in gametes play important roles in the transmission of phenotypes from parents to offspring. CONCLUSIONS Given the large number of experimental evidence from various organisms, it is clear that parental environmental alterations can affect the phenotypes of offspring through gametic epigenetic alterations. This more recent thinking based on new data may have implications in explaining the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes and other chronic non-genetic diseases. This also implies that, in the near future, epigenetic factors which are heritable should be regarded important in determining the risk of certain diseases. Moreover, identification of epigenetic markers in gametes (polar body or sperm) may hold great promise for predicting susceptibility to and preventing certain non-genetic diseases in offspring, as well as providing indications on parental environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Lecomte V, Youngson NA, Maloney CA, Morris MJ. Parental programming: How can we improve study design to discern the molecular mechanisms? Bioessays 2013; 35:787-93. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201300051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Lecomte
- School of Medical Sciences; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Neil A. Youngson
- School of Medical Sciences; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
| | | | - Margaret J. Morris
- School of Medical Sciences; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
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14
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Brockmann GA, Neuschl C. Positional cloning of diabetes genes. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2013; 933:275-89. [PMID: 22893414 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-068-7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Several mouse strains are diabetic already at the juvenile age or develop diabetes mellitus during their life. Before these strains become diabetic, they often show several or all features of the metabolic syndrome, which is very similar to the etiology of diabetes in humans. Under the assumption that natural mutations are responsible for the development of diabetes in those mouse strains, they are valuable resources for the identification of diabetes genes and modifiers. Usually, several steps are necessary to detect the causative genes in the genome. These include the initial identification of the genomic regions contributing to the disease which is typically done by linkage mapping in an F(2) intercross or backcross population, fine mapping of the identified chromosomal interval to narrow down the target region carrying the causative genetic variation and subsequent functional and genetic characterization of the target gene or a small subset of genes. Here, we give a general overview on genetic models and the strategy for identifying diabetes genes and provide a specific protocol for the mapping and fine mapping of chromosomal regions carrying diabetes genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun A Brockmann
- Breeding Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department for Crop and Animal Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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