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Poplawski T, Galita G, Sarnik J, Macieja A, Bielski R, Mencer DE, Witczak ZJ. New N-Adducts of Thiadiazole and Thiazoline with Levoglucosenone and Evaluation of Their Significant Cytotoxic (Anti-Cancer) Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:216. [PMID: 38201645 PMCID: PMC10777969 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The conjugate N-adducts of thio-1,3,4-diazole and 2-thiazoline with levoglucosenone were synthesized via a stereoselective, base-catalyzed conjugate N-Michael addition to levoglucosenone at C-4. Structural assignments were established using 1H and 13C NMR analysis, and X-ray single-crystal analysis for one of the compounds. The biological properties of the novel compounds were tested on a cell model. Cytotoxicity was analyzed via colorimetric assay. Two distinct types of cell death, apoptosis and necrosis, were analyzed by determining the phosphatidylserine levels from the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, caspase activation, and lactate dehydrogenase release. We also evaluated DNA damage using an alkaline comet assay. The level of oxidative stress was measured with a modified comet assay and an H2DCFDA probe. The thio-1,3,4-diazole adduct (FCP23) and the 2-thiazoline adduct (FCP26) exhibit similar cytotoxicity values for cancer cells (ovarian (A2780), breast (MCF-7), cervix (HeLa), colon (LoVo), and brain (MO59J and MO59K)), but their mechanism of action is drastically different. While FCP23 induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and necrosis, FCP26 induces apoptosis through caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Poplawski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biochemistry, Medical University, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (T.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Grzegorz Galita
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Sarnik
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University, 90-050 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Macieja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biochemistry, Medical University, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (T.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Roman Bielski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nesbitt School of Pharmacy, Wilkes University, 84 W. South Street, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18766, USA;
| | - Donald E. Mencer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilkes University, 84 W. South Street, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18766, USA;
| | - Zbigniew J. Witczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nesbitt School of Pharmacy, Wilkes University, 84 W. South Street, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18766, USA;
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3
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Potenza M, Giordano A, Chini MG, Saviano A, Kretzer C, Raucci F, Russo M, Lauro G, Terracciano S, Bruno I, Iorizzi M, Hofstetter RK, Pace S, Maione F, Werz O, Bifulco G. Identification of 2-Aminoacyl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles as Prostaglandin E 2 and Leukotriene Biosynthesis Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 14:26-34. [PMID: 36655121 PMCID: PMC9841589 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of a multi-step scientific workflow revealed an unprecedented class of PGE2/leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors with in vivo activity. Specifically, starting from a combinatorial virtual library of ∼4.2 × 105 molecules, a small set of compounds was identified for the synthesis. Among these, four novel 2-aminoacyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (3, 6, 7, and 9) displayed marked anti-inflammatory properties in vitro by strongly inhibiting PGE2 biosynthesis, with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. The hit compounds also efficiently interfered with leukotriene biosynthesis in cell-based systems and modulated IL-6 and PGE2 biosynthesis in a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated J774A.1 macrophage cell line. The most promising compound 3 showed prominent in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in a mouse model, with efficacy comparable to that of dexamethasone, attenuating zymosan-induced leukocyte migration in mouse peritoneum with considerable modulation of the levels of typical pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Potenza
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy,The
FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Assunta Giordano
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy,Institute
of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria G. Chini
- Department
of Biosciences and Territory, University
of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, Pesche, 86090 Isernia, Italy
| | - Anella Saviano
- ImmunoPharmaLab,
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Christian Kretzer
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Federica Raucci
- ImmunoPharmaLab,
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Russo
- ImmunoPharmaLab,
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Lauro
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Stefania Terracciano
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Ines Bruno
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Iorizzi
- Department
of Biosciences and Territory, University
of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, Pesche, 86090 Isernia, Italy
| | - Robert K. Hofstetter
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Simona Pace
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Francesco Maione
- ImmunoPharmaLab,
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany,
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy,
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4
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Exploring the Antiparasitic Activity of Tris-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles against Toxoplasma gondii-Infected Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072246. [PMID: 35408644 PMCID: PMC9000608 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing atoms in their core structures have been exclusive building blocks in drug discovery and development. One of the most significant and well-known heterocycles is the 1,3,4-thidiazole nucleus, which is found in a wide range of natural products and therapeutic agents. In the present work, certain tris-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (6, 7) were synthesized through a multi-step synthesis approach. All synthesized compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic tools. Previously, thiadiazole compounds as anti-Toxoplasma gondii agents have been conducted and reported in vitro. However, this is the first study to test the anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of manufactured molecular hybrids thiadiazole in an infected mouse model with the acute RH strain of T. gondii. All the observed results demonstrated compound (7)’s powerful activity, with a considerable reduction in the parasite count reaching 82.6% in brain tissues, followed by liver and spleen tissues (65.35 and 64.81%, respectively). Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines assessments proved that Compound 7 possesses potent antiparasitic effect. Furthermore, docking tests against TgCDPK1 and ROP18 kinase (two major enzymes involved in parasite invasion and egression) demonstrated compound 7’s higher potency compared to compound 6 and megazol. According to the mentioned results, tris-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives under test can be employed as potent antiparasitic agents against the acute RH strain of T. gondii.
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Serban G. Synthetic Compounds with 2-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazole Moiety Against Viral Infections. Molecules 2020; 25:E942. [PMID: 32093125 PMCID: PMC7070519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections have resulted in millions of victims in human history. Although great efforts have been made to find effective medication, there are still no drugs that truly cure viral infections. There are currently approximately 90 drugs approved for the treatment of human viral infections. As resistance toward available antiviral drugs has become a global threat to health, there is an intrinsic need to identify new scaffolds that are useful in discovering innovative, less toxic and highly active antiviral agents. 1,3,4-Thiadiazole derivatives have been extensively studied due to their pharmacological profile, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. This review provides an overview of the various synthetic compounds containing the 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole moiety that has been evaluated for antiviral activity against several viral strains and could be considered possible prototypes for the development of new antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgeta Serban
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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