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Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Metabolic Modulation of Skeletal Muscle: A Bright but Long Way to Go. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100888. [DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an atypical, dynamic and reversible O-glycosylation that is critical and abundant in metazoan. O-GlcNAcylation coordinates and receives various signaling inputs such as nutrients and stresses, thus spatiotemporally regulating the activity, stability, localization and interaction of target proteins to participate in cellular physiological functions. Our review discusses in depth the involvement of O-GlcNAcylation in the precise regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism, such as glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial biogenesis. The complex interaction and precise modulation of O-GlcNAcylation in these nutritional pathways of skeletal muscle also provide emerging mechanical information on how nutrients affect health, exercise and disease. Meanwhile, we explored the potential role of O-GlcNAcylation in skeletal muscle pathology and focused on its benefits in maintaining proteostasis under atrophy. In general, these understandings of O-GlcNAcylation are conducive to providing new insights into skeletal muscle (patho) physiology.
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Han A, Chua V, Baqai U, Purwin TJ, Bechtel N, Hunter E, Tiago M, Seifert E, Speicher DW, Schug ZT, Harbour JW, Aplin AE. Pyruvate dehydrogenase inactivation causes glycolytic phenotype in BAP1 mutant uveal melanoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:1129-1139. [PMID: 35046531 PMCID: PMC9066178 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Effective therapeutic options are still lacking for uveal melanoma (UM) patients who develop metastasis. Metastatic traits of UM are linked to BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) mutations. Cell metabolism is re-programmed in UM with BAP1 mutant UM, but the underlying mechanisms and opportunities for therapeutic intervention remain unclear. BAP1 mutant UM tumors have an elevated glycolytic gene expression signature, with increased expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex and PDH kinase (PDHK1). Furthermore, BAP1 mutant UM cells showed higher levels of phosphorylated PDHK1 and PDH that was associated with an upregulated glycolytic profile compared to BAP1 wild-type UM cells. Suppressing PDHK1-PDH phosphorylation decreased glycolytic capacity and cell growth, and induced cell cycle arrest of BAP1 mutant UM cells. Our results suggest that PDHK1-PDH phosphorylation is a causative factor of glycolytic phenotypes found in BAP1 mutant UM and propose a therapeutic opportunity for BAP1 mutant UM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Han
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivian Chua
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Usman Baqai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Timothy J Purwin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Nelisa Bechtel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Emily Hunter
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Manoela Tiago
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Erin Seifert
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - David W Speicher
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zachary T Schug
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - J William Harbour
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33146, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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Sinha A, Zou Y, Patel AS, Yoo S, Jiang F, Sato T, Kong R, Watanabe H, Zhu J, Massion PP, Borczuk AC, Powell CA. Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma MDM2 Genomic Amplification Predicts Clinical Outcome and Response to Targeted Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030708. [PMID: 35158979 PMCID: PMC8833784 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Invasive subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) show MDM2 amplification that is associated with poor survival. Mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) is frequently amplified in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and is a negative regulator of p53, which binds to p53 and regulates its activity and stability. Genomic amplification and overexpression of MDM2, together with genetic alterations in p53, leads to genomic and genetic heterogeneity in LUAD that represents a therapeutic target. In vitro assays in a panel of LUAD cell lines showed that tumor cell response to MDM2-targeted therapy is associated with MDM2 amplification. Abstract Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women, accounting for one-quarter of total cancer-related mortality globally. Lung adenocarcinoma is the major subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and accounts for around 40% of lung cancer cases. Lung adenocarcinoma is a highly heterogeneous disease and patients often display variable histopathological morphology, genetic alterations, and genomic aberrations. Recent advances in transcriptomic and genetic profiling of lung adenocarcinoma by investigators, including our group, has provided better stratification of this heterogeneous disease, which can facilitate devising better treatment strategies suitable for targeted patient cohorts. In a recent study we have shown gene expression profiling identified novel clustering of early stage LUAD patients and correlated with tumor invasiveness and patient survival. In this study, we focused on copy number alterations in LUAD patients. SNP array data identified amplification at chromosome 12q15 on MDM2 locus and protein overexpression in a subclass of LUAD patients with an invasive subtype of the disease. High copy number amplification and protein expression in this subclass correlated with poor overall survival. We hypothesized that MDM2 copy number and overexpression predict response to MDM2-targeted therapy. In vitro functional data on a panel of LUAD cells showed that MDM2-targeted therapy effectively suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in cells with MDM2 amplification/overexpression but not in cells without MDM2 amplification, independent of p53 status. To determine the key signaling mechanisms, we used RNA sequencing (RNA seq) to examine the response to therapy in MDM2-amplified/overexpressing p53 mutant and wild-type LUAD cells. RNA seq data shows that in MDM2-amplified/overexpression with p53 wild-type condition, the E2F → PEG10 → MMPs pathway is operative, while in p53 mutant genetic background, MDM2-targeted therapy abrogates tumor progression in LUAD cells by suppressing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling. Our study provides a potentially clinically relevant strategy of selecting LUAD patients for MDM2-targeted therapy that may provide for increased response rates and, thus, better survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilasha Sinha
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.S.); (A.S.P.); (F.J.); (T.S.); (R.K.); (H.W.)
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Yong Zou
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (Y.Z.); (P.P.M.)
| | - Ayushi S. Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.S.); (A.S.P.); (F.J.); (T.S.); (R.K.); (H.W.)
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Feng Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.S.); (A.S.P.); (F.J.); (T.S.); (R.K.); (H.W.)
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Takashi Sato
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.S.); (A.S.P.); (F.J.); (T.S.); (R.K.); (H.W.)
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ranran Kong
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.S.); (A.S.P.); (F.J.); (T.S.); (R.K.); (H.W.)
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Hideo Watanabe
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.S.); (A.S.P.); (F.J.); (T.S.); (R.K.); (H.W.)
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Sema4, 333 Ludlow St., Stamford, CT 06902, USA;
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Pierre P. Massion
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (Y.Z.); (P.P.M.)
| | - Alain C. Borczuk
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA;
| | - Charles A. Powell
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.S.); (A.S.P.); (F.J.); (T.S.); (R.K.); (H.W.)
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-241-5656
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Rojas A, Lindner C, Schneider I, Gonzàlez I, Araya H, Morales E, Gómez M, Urdaneta N, Araya P, Morales MA. Diabetes mellitus contribution to the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1997-2012. [PMID: 35070037 PMCID: PMC8713306 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i12.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Compelling pieces of evidence derived from both clinical and experimental research has demonstrated the crucial contribution of diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor associated with increased cancer incidence and mortality in many human neoplasms, including gastric cancer (GC). DM is considered a systemic inflammatory disease and therefore, this inflammatory status may have profound effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly by driving many molecular mechanisms to generate a more aggressive TME. DM is an active driver in the modification of the behavior of many cell components of the TME as well as altering the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to an increased ECM stiffening. Additionally, DM can alter many cellular signaling mechanisms and thus favoring tumor growth, invasion, and metastatic potential, as well as key elements in regulating cellular functions and cross-talks, such as the microRNAs network, the production, and cargo of exosomes, the metabolism of cell stroma and resistance to hypoxia. In the present review, we intend to highlight the mechanistic contributions of DM to the remodeling of TME in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Cristian Lindner
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Iván Schneider
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Ileana Gonzàlez
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Hernan Araya
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Erik Morales
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
- Servicio de Anatomía Patologica, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Milibeth Gómez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Nelson Urdaneta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Paulina Araya
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Miguel Angel Morales
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
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Agopian J, Da Costa Q, Nguyen QV, Scorrano G, Kousteridou P, Yuan M, Chelbi R, Goubard A, Castellano R, Maurizio J, Teodosio C, De Sepulveda P, Asara JM, Orfao A, Hermine O, Dubreuil P, Brenet F. GlcNAc is a mast-cell chromatin-remodeling oncometabolite that promotes systemic mastocytosis aggressiveness. Blood 2021; 138:1590-1602. [PMID: 33974006 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a KIT-driven hematopoietic neoplasm characterized by the excessive accumulation of neoplastic mast cells (MCs) in various organs and, mainly, the bone marrow (BM). Multiple genetic and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the onset and severity of SM. However, little is known to date about the metabolic underpinnings underlying SM aggressiveness, which has thus far impeded the development of strategies to leverage metabolic dependencies when existing KIT-targeted treatments fail. Here, we show that plasma metabolomic profiles were able to discriminate indolent from advanced forms of the disease. We identified N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) as the most predictive metabolite of SM severity. High plasma levels of GlcNAc in patients with advanced SM correlated with the activation of the GlcNAc-fed hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in patients BM aspirates and purified BM MCs. At the functional level, GlcNAc enhanced human neoplastic MCs proliferation and promoted rapid health deterioration in a humanized mouse model of SM. In addition, in the presence of GlcNAc, immunoglobulin E-stimulated MCs triggered enhanced release of proinflammatory cytokines and a stronger acute response in a mouse model of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Mechanistically, elevated GlcNAc levels promoted the transcriptional accessibility of chromatin regions that contain genes encoding mediators of receptor tyrosine kinases cascades and inflammatory responses, thus leading to a more aggressive phenotype. Therefore, GlcNAc is an oncometabolite driver of SM aggressiveness. This study suggests the therapeutic potential for targeting metabolic pathways in MC-related diseases to manipulate MCs effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Agopian
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Paris, France
| | - Quentin Da Costa
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Quang Vo Nguyen
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Giulia Scorrano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Paraskevi Kousteridou
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Min Yuan
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rabie Chelbi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
- Inovarion, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Goubard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Remy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Maurizio
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), INSERM U631, CNRS UMR 6102, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Cristina Teodosio
- Department of Immunohematology, Leiden University Medical Center, ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paulo De Sepulveda
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), University of Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Spain; and
| | - Olivier Hermine
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Paris, France
- Institut Imagine, INSERM U1163, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labelisée (ERL) 8654, Paris Université, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Brenet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Paris, France
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Saha A, Bello D, Fernández-Tejada A. Advances in chemical probing of protein O-GlcNAc glycosylation: structural role and molecular mechanisms. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10451-10485. [PMID: 34338261 PMCID: PMC8451060 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01275k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The addition of O-linked-β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) onto serine and threonine residues of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins is an abundant, unique post-translational modification governing important biological processes. O-GlcNAc dysregulation underlies several metabolic disorders leading to human diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration and diabetes. This review provides an extensive summary of the recent progress in probing O-GlcNAcylation using mainly chemical methods, with a special focus on discussing mechanistic insights and the structural role of O-GlcNAc at the molecular level. We highlight key aspects of the O-GlcNAc enzymes, including development of OGT and OGA small-molecule inhibitors, and describe a variety of chemoenzymatic and chemical biology approaches for the study of O-GlcNAcylation. Special emphasis is placed on the power of chemistry in the form of synthetic glycopeptide and glycoprotein tools for investigating the site-specific functional consequences of the modification. Finally, we discuss in detail the conformational effects of O-GlcNAc glycosylation on protein structure and stability, relevant O-GlcNAc-mediated protein interactions and its molecular recognition features by biological receptors. Future research in this field will provide novel, more effective chemical strategies and probes for the molecular interrogation of O-GlcNAcylation, elucidating new mechanisms and functional roles of O-GlcNAc with potential therapeutic applications in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Saha
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio 48160, Biscay, Spain.
| | - Davide Bello
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio 48160, Biscay, Spain.
| | - Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio 48160, Biscay, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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7
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Han A, Purwin TJ, Aplin AE. Roles of the BAP1 Tumor Suppressor in Cell Metabolism. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2807-2814. [PMID: 33446574 PMCID: PMC8178170 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is emerging as an intensively studied cancer-associated gene. Germline mutations in BAP1 lead to a cancer syndrome, and somatic loss is found in several cancer types. BAP1 encodes a deubiquitinase enzyme, which plays key roles in cell-cycle regulation, cell death, and differentiation. Recent studies have demonstrated that BAP1 is also involved in several aspects of cellular metabolism, including metabolic homeostasis, glucose utilization, control of ferroptosis, and stress response. A better knowledge of the metabolic roles of cancer-associated genes is important to understanding tumor initiation and progression, as well as highlighting potential therapeutic avenues. With this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding BAP1-mediated regulation of metabolic activities that may support new strategies to treat BAP1-mutated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Han
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy J Purwin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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8
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O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc Cycling Regulate Gene Transcription: Emerging Roles in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071666. [PMID: 33916244 PMCID: PMC8037238 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification (PTM) linking nutrient flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) to gene transcription. Mounting experimental and clinical data implicates aberrant O-GlcNAcylation in the development and progression of cancer. Herein, we discuss how alteration of O-GlcNAc-regulated transcriptional mechanisms leads to atypical gene expression in cancer. We discuss the challenges associated with studying O-GlcNAc function and present several new approaches for studies of O-GlcNAc-regulated transcription. Abstract O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a single sugar post-translational modification (PTM) of intracellular proteins linking nutrient flux through the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) to the control of cis-regulatory elements in the genome. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is associated with the development, progression, and alterations in gene expression in cancer. O-GlcNAc cycling is defined as the addition and subsequent removal of the modification by O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) provides a novel method for cells to regulate various aspects of gene expression, including RNA polymerase function, epigenetic dynamics, and transcription factor activity. We will focus on the complex relationship between phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation in the regulation of the RNA Polymerase II (RNAP II) pre-initiation complex and the regulation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNAP II via the synchronous actions of OGT, OGA, and kinases. Additionally, we discuss how O-GlcNAcylation of TATA-box binding protein (TBP) alters cellular metabolism. Next, in a non-exhaustive manner, we will discuss the current literature on how O-GlcNAcylation drives gene transcription in cancer through changes in transcription factor or chromatin remodeling complex functions. We conclude with a discussion of the challenges associated with studying O-GlcNAcylation and present several new approaches for studying O-GlcNAc regulated transcription that will advance our understanding of the role of O-GlcNAc in cancer.
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9
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Metabolic glycan labelling for cancer-targeted therapy. Nat Chem 2020; 12:1102-1114. [PMID: 33219365 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-00587-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic glycoengineering with unnatural sugars provides a powerful tool to label cell membranes with chemical tags for subsequent targeted conjugation of molecular cargos via efficient chemistries. This technology has been widely explored for cancer labelling and targeting. However, as this metabolic labelling process can occur in both cancerous and normal cells, cancer-selective labelling needs to be achieved to develop cancer-targeted therapies. Unnatural sugars can be either rationally designed to enable preferential labelling of cancer cells, or specifically delivered to cancerous tissues. In this Review Article, we will discuss the progress to date in design and delivery of unnatural sugars for metabolic labelling of tumour cells and subsequent development of tumour-targeted therapy. Metabolic cell labelling for cancer immunotherapy will also be discussed. Finally, we will provide a perspective on future directions of metabolic labelling of cancer and immune cells for the development of potent, clinically translatable cancer therapies.
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10
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Anwar M, Malhotra P, Kochhar R, Bhatia A, Mahmood A, Singh R, Mahmood S. TCF 4 tumor suppressor: a molecular target in the prognosis of sporadic colorectal cancer in humans. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:24. [PMID: 32265994 PMCID: PMC7110825 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A huge array of function is played by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in development by balancing gene expression through the modulation of cell-specific DNA binding downstream effectors such as T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF). The β-catenin/TCF-4 complex is a central regulatory switch for differentiation and proliferation of intestinal cells (both normal and malignant). Thus, in the present study we evaluated each of 60 cases of sporadic adenocarcinoma, alongside adjoining and normal mucosa specimens of colorectum in humans, for mutation and expression analysis of the gene coding for TCF-4 protein. Methods DNA sequencing following PCR amplification and SSCP analysis (single strand conformation polymorphism) was employed to detect TCF-4 gene mutations in the case of exon 1. Quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), confocal microscopy and western blot analysis were used to detect TCF-4 gene/protein expression. Results Sequencing analysis confirmed 5/60 patients with a point mutation in exon 1 of the TCF-4 gene in tumor samples. mRNA expression using qRT-PCR showed approximately 83% decreased TCF-4 mRNA expression in tumor tissue and adjoining mucosa compared to normal mucosa. Similarly, a significant decrease in protein expression using IHC showed decreased TCF-4 protein expression in tumor tissue and adjoining mucosa compared to normal mucosa, which also corresponds to some important clinicopathological factors, including disease metastasis and tumor grade. Mutational alterations and downregulation of TCF-4 mRNA and hence decreased expression of TCF-4 protein in tumors suggest its involvement in the pathogenesis of CRC. Conclusions A remarkable decrease in TCF-4 mRNA and protein expression was detected in tumorous and adjoining tissues compared to normal mucosa. Hence the alterations in genomic architecture along with downregulation of TCF-4 mRNA and decreased expression of TCF-4 protein in tumors, which is in accordance with clinical features, suggest its involvement in the pathogenesis of CRC. Thus, deregulation and collaboration of TCF-4 with CRC could be a concrete and distinctive feature in the prognosis of the disease at an early stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Anwar
- 1Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India.,2Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India.,3Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, 60612 USA
| | - Pooja Malhotra
- 2Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India.,4Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, 60612 USA
| | - Rakesh Kochhar
- 2Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- 1Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Akhtar Mahmood
- 5Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 India
| | - Rajinder Singh
- 6Department of Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Safrun Mahmood
- 1Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India
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11
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Jin L, Yuan F, Dai G, Yao Q, Xiang H, Wang L, Xue B, Shan Y, Liu X. Blockage of O-linked GlcNAcylation induces AMPK-dependent autophagy in bladder cancer cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:17. [PMID: 32174982 PMCID: PMC7063793 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High levels of the post-translational modification O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc) are found in multiple cancers, including bladder cancer. Autophagy, which can be induced by stress from post-translational modifications, plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating tumorigenesis. The impact of O-GlcNAcylation on autophagy in bladder cancer remains unclear. Here, we evaluate the change in autophagic activity in response to O-GlcNAcylation and explore the potential mechanisms. Methods O-GlcNAcylation levels in bladder cancer cells were altered through pharmacological or genetic manipulations: treating with 6-diazo-5-oxo-norleucine (DON) or thiamet-G (TG) or up- and downregulation of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) or O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Autophagy was determined using fluorescence microscopy and western blotting. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were performed to evaluate whether the autophagy regulator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was O-GlcNAc modified. Results Cellular autophagic flux was strikingly enhanced as a result of O-GlcNAcylation suppression, whereas it decreased at high O-GlcNAcylation levels. Phosphorylation of AMPK increased after the suppression of O-GlcNAcylation. We found that O-GlcNAcylation of AMPK suppressed the activity of this regulator, thereby inhibiting ULK1 activity and autophagy. Conclusion We characterized a new function of O-GlcNAcylation in the suppression of autophagy via regulation of AMPK. Graphical abstract Blockage of O-linked GlcNAcylation induces AMPK dependent autophagy in bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
| | - Feng Yuan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
| | - Guangcheng Dai
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
| | - Qiu Yao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
| | - Han Xiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
| | - Boxin Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
| | - Yuxi Shan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, R.P China
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12
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Nagy T, Fisi V, Frank D, Kátai E, Nagy Z, Miseta A. Hyperglycemia-Induced Aberrant Cell Proliferation; A Metabolic Challenge Mediated by Protein O-GlcNAc Modification. Cells 2019; 8:E999. [PMID: 31466420 PMCID: PMC6769692 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia has been associated with an increased prevalence of pathological conditions including cardiovascular disease, cancer, or various disorders of the immune system. In some cases, these associations may be traced back to a common underlying cause, but more often, hyperglycemia and the disturbance in metabolic balance directly facilitate pathological changes in the regular cellular functions. One such cellular function crucial for every living organism is cell cycle regulation/mitotic activity. Although metabolic challenges have long been recognized to influence cell proliferation, the direct impact of diabetes on cell cycle regulatory elements is a relatively uncharted territory. Among other "nutrient sensing" mechanisms, protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification emerged in recent years as a major contributor to the deleterious effects of hyperglycemia. An increasing amount of evidence suggest that O-GlcNAc may significantly influence the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. In our present review, we summarize the current data available on the direct impact of metabolic changes caused by hyperglycemia in pathological conditions associated with cell cycle disorders. We also review published experimental evidence supporting the hypothesis that O-GlcNAc modification may be one of the missing links between metabolic regulation and cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Nagy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Viktória Fisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Frank
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Emese Kátai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Nagy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Miseta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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13
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Abstract
In the early 1980s, while using purified glycosyltransferases to probe glycan structures on surfaces of living cells in the murine immune system, we discovered a novel form of serine/threonine protein glycosylation (O-linked β-GlcNAc; O-GlcNAc) that occurs on thousands of proteins within the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. Prior to this discovery, it was dogma that protein glycosylation was restricted to the luminal compartments of the secretory pathway and on extracellular domains of membrane and secretory proteins. Work in the last 3 decades from several laboratories has shown that O-GlcNAc cycling serves as a nutrient sensor to regulate signaling, transcription, mitochondrial activity, and cytoskeletal functions. O-GlcNAc also has extensive cross-talk with phosphorylation, not only at the same or proximal sites on polypeptides, but also by regulating each other's enzymes that catalyze cycling of the modifications. O-GlcNAc is generally not elongated or modified. It cycles on and off polypeptides in a time scale similar to phosphorylation, and both the enzyme that adds O-GlcNAc, the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), and the enzyme that removes O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNAcase (OGA), are highly conserved from C. elegans to humans. Both O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes are essential in mammals and plants. Due to O-GlcNAc's fundamental roles as a nutrient and stress sensor, it plays an important role in the etiologies of chronic diseases of aging, including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease. This review will present an overview of our current understanding of O-GlcNAc's regulation, functions, and roles in chronic diseases of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald W Hart
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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14
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Fang Y, Shen X. Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolases: involvement in cancer progression and clinical implications. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 36:669-682. [PMID: 29080080 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination and deubiquitination participate in a number of biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, transcriptional regulation, and oncogenesis. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolases (UCHs), a subfamily of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), includes four members: UCH-L1/PGP9.5 (protein gene product 9.5), UCH-L3, UCHL5/UCH37, and BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1). Recently, more attention has been paid to the relationship between the UCH family and malignancies, which play different roles in the progression of different tumors. It remains controversial whether UCHL1 is a tumor promoter or suppressor. UCHL3 and UCH37 are considered to be tumor promoters, while BAP1 is considered to be a tumor suppressor. Studies have showed that UCH enzymes influence several signaling pathways that play crucial roles in oncogenesis, tumor invasion, and migration. In addition, UCH families are associated with tumor cell sensitivity to therapeutic modalities. Here, we reviewed the roles of UCH enzymes in the development of tumors, highlighting the potential consideration of UCH enzymes as new interesting targets for the development of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fang
- The Department of Gastroenterology of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhong Shen
- The Department of Gastroenterology of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Virology, Ministry of Education and Health, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Shanmugam MK, Arfuso F, Arumugam S, Chinnathambi A, Jinsong B, Warrier S, Wang LZ, Kumar AP, Ahn KS, Sethi G, Lakshmanan M. Role of novel histone modifications in cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:11414-11426. [PMID: 29541423 PMCID: PMC5834259 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenesis is a multistep process mediated by a variety of factors including epigenetic modifications. Global epigenetic post-translational modifications have been detected in almost all cancers types. Epigenetic changes appear briefly and do not involve permanent changes to the primary DNA sequence. These epigenetic modifications occur in key oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and transcription factors, leading to cancer initiation and progression. The most commonly observed epigenetic changes include DNA methylation, histone lysine methylation and demethylation, histone lysine acetylation and deacetylation. However, there are several other novel post-translational modifications that have been observed in recent times such as neddylation, sumoylation, glycosylation, phosphorylation, poly-ADP ribosylation, ubiquitination as well as transcriptional regulation and these have been briefly discussed in this article. We have also highlighted the diverse epigenetic changes that occur during the process of tumorigenesis and described the role of histone modifications that can occur on tumor suppressor genes as well as oncogenes, which regulate tumorigenesis and can thus form the basis of novel strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthu K. Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Surendar Arumugam
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bian Jinsong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, India
| | - Ling Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Manikandan Lakshmanan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Moon S, Lee YK, Lee SW, Um SJ. Suppressive role of OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation of BAP1 in retinoic acid signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 492:89-95. [PMID: 28802580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) has been implicated in diverse biological functions, including tumor suppression. However, its regulation via glycosylation and its role in embryonic stem (ES) cells are poorly defined. BAP1 was recently reported to interact with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT). Here, we confirmed the physical interaction and investigated its functional significance. The O-GlcNAcylation of BAP1, which requires OGT, was examined in vivo and in vitro, and was proven using alloxan, an OGT inhibitor. OGT promoted the BAP1-induced repression of retinoic acid (RA)-induced RA receptor (RAR) activation. The repressive activity of BAP1 was relieved by alloxan but exacerbated by PUGNAc, an O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitor. Finally, we addressed the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the RA-induced differentiation of murine ES cells. Alkaline phosphatase staining revealed the cooperation of RA and alloxan for impairing the pluripotency of ES cells. This cooperation was also observed by measuring the size of embryonic bodies and the expression of Sox2, a pluripotency marker. Overall, our data suggest that OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation of BAP1 prefers the maintenance of pluripotency, whereas its inhibition facilitates RA-induced differentiation in ES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungtae Moon
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology/Institute of Bioscience, BK21 Graduate Program, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Yong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology/Institute of Bioscience, BK21 Graduate Program, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Sang-Wang Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology/Institute of Bioscience, BK21 Graduate Program, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Um
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology/Institute of Bioscience, BK21 Graduate Program, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
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17
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Wang A, Papneja A, Hyrcza M, Al-Habeeb A, Ghazarian D. Gene of the month: BAP1. J Clin Pathol 2016; 69:750-3. [PMID: 27235536 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The BAP1 gene (BRCA1-associated protein 1) is a tumour suppressor gene that encodes a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB), regulating key cellular pathways, including cell cycle, cellular differentiation, transcription and DNA damage response. Germline BAP1 mutations cause a novel cancer syndrome characterised by early onset of multiple atypical Spitz tumours and increased risk of uveal and cutaneous melanoma, mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma and various other malignancies. Recognising the clinicopathological features of specific BAP1-deficient tumours is crucial for early screening/tumour detection, with significant impact on patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anjali Papneja
- Department of Dermatology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Hyrcza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayman Al-Habeeb
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danny Ghazarian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Gagnon J, Daou S, Zamorano N, Iannantuono NVG, Hammond-Martel I, Mashtalir N, Bonneil E, Wurtele H, Thibault P, Affar EB. Undetectable histone O-GlcNAcylation in mammalian cells. Epigenetics 2016; 10:677-91. [PMID: 26075789 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1060387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification catalyzed by the O-Linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) and reversed by O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Numerous transcriptional regulators, including chromatin modifying enzymes, transcription factors, and co-factors, are targeted by O-GlcNAcylation, indicating that this modification is central for chromatin-associated processes. Recently, OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation was reported to be a novel histone modification, suggesting a potential role in directly coordinating chromatin structure and function. In contrast, using multiple biochemical approaches, we report here that histone O-GlcNAcylation is undetectable in mammalian cells. Conversely, O-GlcNAcylation of the transcription regulators Host Cell Factor-1 (HCF-1) and Ten-Eleven Translocation protein 2 (TET2) could be readily observed. Our study raises questions on the occurrence and abundance of O-GlcNAcylation as a histone modification in mammalian cells and reveals technical complications regarding the detection of genuine protein O-GlcNAcylation. Therefore, the identification of the specific contexts in which histone O-GlcNAcylation might occur is still to be established.
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Key Words
- Chromatin
- Epigenetics
- H2B K120ub, Histone H2B lysine 120 monoubiquitination
- H2B S112 O-GlcNAc, Histone H2B serine 112 O-GlcNAc
- HCF-1
- HCF-1, Host Cell Factor-1
- Histone
- O-GlcNAc
- O-GlcNAc, O-Linked N-acetylglucosamine
- O-GlcNAcylation
- OGA, O-GlcNAcase
- OGT
- OGT, O-Linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase
- PUGNAc, O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucopyranosylidene) amino N-phenylcarbamate
- Polycomb
- TET2
- TET2, Ten-Eleven Translocation protein 2
- UDP-GlcNAc, Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine
- WGA, Wheat Germ Agglutinin.
- posttranslational modification
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gagnon
- a Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center and Department of Medicine; University of Montréal ; Montréal, Québec , Canada
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Wende AR. Post-translational modifications of the cardiac proteome in diabetes and heart failure. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 10:25-38. [PMID: 26140508 PMCID: PMC4698356 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Decades of research has focused on altered gene expression, altered cellular signaling, and altered metabolism. This work has led to better understanding of disease progression and treatments aimed at reversing or stopping this deadly process. However, one of the pieces needed to complete the puzzle and bridge the gap between altered gene expression and changes in signaling/metabolism is the proteome and its host of modifications. Defining the mechanisms of regulation includes examining protein levels, localization, and activity of the functional component of cellular machinery. Excess or misutilization of nutrients in obesity and diabetes may lead to PTMs contributing to cardiovascular disease progression. PTMs link regulation of metabolic changes in the healthy and diseased heart with regulation of gene expression itself (e.g. epigenetics), protein enzymatic activity (e.g. mitochondrial oxidative capacity), and function (e.g. contractile machinery). Although a number of PTMs are involved in each of these pathways, we will highlight the role of the serine and threonine O‐linked addition of β‐N‐acetyl‐glucosamine or O‐GlcNAcylation. This nexus of nutrient supply, utilization, and storage allows for the modification and translation of mitochondrial function to many other aspects of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Wende
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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20
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Sun T, Plutynski A, Ward S, Rubin JB. An integrative view on sex differences in brain tumors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3323-42. [PMID: 25985759 PMCID: PMC4531141 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in human health and disease can range from undetectable to profound. Differences in brain tumor rates and outcome are evident in males and females throughout the world and regardless of age. These observations indicate that fundamental aspects of sex determination can impact the biology of brain tumors. It is likely that optimal personalized approaches to the treatment of male and female brain tumor patients will require recognizing and understanding the ways in which the biology of their tumors can differ. It is our view that sex-specific approaches to brain tumor screening and care will be enhanced by rigorously documenting differences in brain tumor rates and outcomes in males and females, and understanding the developmental and evolutionary origins of sex differences. Here we offer such an integrative perspective on brain tumors. It is our intent to encourage the consideration of sex differences in clinical and basic scientific investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- />Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
| | - Anya Plutynski
- />Department of Philosophy, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Stacey Ward
- />Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
| | - Joshua B. Rubin
- />Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
- />Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
- />Campus Box 8208, 660 South Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
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21
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A critical perspective of the diverse roles of O-GlcNAc transferase in chromatin. Chromosoma 2015; 124:429-42. [PMID: 25894967 PMCID: PMC4666902 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-015-0513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
O-linked β-N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a posttranslational modification that is catalyzed by O-GlcNAc transferase (Ogt) and found on a plethora of nuclear and cytosolic proteins in animals and plants. Studies in different model organisms revealed that while O-GlcNAc is required for selected processes in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila, it has evolved to become required for cell viability in mice, and this has challenged investigations to identify cellular functions that critically require this modification in mammals. Nevertheless, a principal cellular process that engages O-GlcNAcylation in all of these species is the regulation of gene transcription. Here, we revisit several of the primary experimental observations that led to current models of how O-GlcNAcylation affects gene expression. In particular, we discuss the role of the stable association of Ogt with the transcription factors Hcf1 and Tet, the two main Ogt-interacting proteins in nuclei of mammalian cells. We also critically evaluate the evidence that specific residues on core histones, including serine 112 of histone 2B (H2B-S112), are O-GlcNAcylated in vivo and discuss possible physiological effects of these modifications. Finally, we review our understanding of the role of O-GlcNAcylation in Drosophila, where recent studies suggest that the developmental defects in Ogt mutants are all caused by lack of O-GlcNAcylation of a single transcriptional regulator, the Polycomb repressor protein Polyhomeotic (Ph). Collectively, this reexamination of the experimental evidence suggests that a number of recently propagated models about the role of O-GlcNAcylation in transcriptional control should be treated cautiously.
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Nordgren KK, Skildum AJ. The deep end of the metabolite pool: influences on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in cancer. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45 Suppl 1:9-15. [PMID: 25524581 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic control of gene expression is mediated by cytosine methylation/demethylation and histone modifications including methylation, acetylation and glycosylation. The epigenetic programme is corrupted in cancer cells to maintain a pattern of gene expression that leads to their de-differentiated, rapidly proliferating phenotype. Enzymes responsible for modifying histones and cytosine are sensitive to the cellular metabolite pool and can be activated by an increase in their substrates or inhibited by an increase in their products or competitors for substrate binding. METHODS This review is based on publications identified on PubMed using a literature search of cytosine methylation, histone methylation, acetylation and glycosylation. RESULTS In cancer, changes in glycolytic enzymes lead to increased production of serine, increasing the pool of S-adenosylmethionine (the major methyl donor for methylation reactions) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (a substrate for O-linked glycosylation of histones and cytosine methyltransferases). Mutations in tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes lead to accumulation of fumarate, succinate and hydroxyglutarate, all of which inhibit demethylation of cytosine and histones. In contrast, proline catabolism produces α-ketoglutarate and reactive oxygen, both of which promote the activity of enzymes that remove methyl groups from cytosine and histones, and the key enzyme in proline catabolism acts as a tumour suppressor. CONCLUSIONS Our emerging understanding of how the epigenetic profiles are metabolically reprogrammed in cancer cells will lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra K Nordgren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
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