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Al-Huqail AA, Aref NMA, Khan F, Sobhy SE, Hafez EE, Khalifa AM, Saad-Allah KM. Azolla filiculoides extract improved salt tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is associated with prompting osmostasis, antioxidant potential and stress-interrelated genes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11100. [PMID: 38750032 PMCID: PMC11096334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The growth and productivity of crop plants are negatively affected by salinity-induced ionic and oxidative stresses. This study aimed to provide insight into the interaction of NaCl-induced salinity with Azolla aqueous extract (AAE) regarding growth, antioxidant balance, and stress-responsive genes expression in wheat seedlings. In a pot experiment, wheat kernels were primed for 21 h with either deionized water or 0.1% AAE. Water-primed seedlings received either tap water, 250 mM NaCl, AAE spray, or AAE spray + NaCl. The AAE-primed seedlings received either tap water or 250 mM NaCl. Salinity lowered growth rate, chlorophyll level, and protein and amino acids pool. However, carotenoids, stress indicators (EL, MDA, and H2O2), osmomodulators (sugars, and proline), antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, APX, and PPO), and the expression of some stress-responsive genes (POD, PPO and PAL, PCS, and TLP) were significantly increased. However, administering AAE contributed to increased growth, balanced leaf pigments and assimilation efficacy, diminished stress indicators, rebalanced osmomodulators and antioxidant enzymes, and down-regulation of stress-induced genes in NaCl-stressed plants, with priming surpassing spray in most cases. In conclusion, AAE can be used as a green approach for sustaining regular growth and metabolism and remodelling the physio-chemical status of wheat seedlings thriving in salt-affected soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma A Al-Huqail
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development, and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagwa M A Aref
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shubra 11241, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Faheema Khan
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development, and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherien E Sobhy
- Plant Protection and Bimolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El‑Arab, 21934, Egypt
| | - Elsayed E Hafez
- Plant Protection and Bimolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El‑Arab, 21934, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Khalifa
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, 71524, Egypt
| | - Khalil M Saad-Allah
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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David-Rogeat N, Broadley MR, Stavridou E. Heat and salinity stress on the African eggplant F1 Djamba, a Kumba cultivar. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1323665. [PMID: 38469326 PMCID: PMC10926531 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1323665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is expected to increase soil salinity and heat-wave intensity, duration, and frequency. These stresses, often present in combination, threaten food security as most common crops do not tolerate them. The African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) is a nutritious traditional crop found in sub-Saharan Africa and adapted to local environments. Its wider use is, however, hindered by the lack of research on its tolerance. This project aimed to describe the effects of salinity (100 mM NaCl solution) combined with elevated temperatures (27/21°C, 37/31°C, and 42/36°C). High temperatures reduced leaf biomass while cell membrane stability was reduced by salinity. Chlorophyll levels were boosted by salinity only at the start of the stress with only the different temperatures significantly impacted the levels at the end of the experiment. Other fluorescence parameters such as maximum quantum yield and non-photochemical quenching were only affected by the temperature change. Total antioxidants were unchanged by either stress despite a decrease of phenols at the highest temperature. Leaf sodium concentration was highly increased by salinity but phosphorus and calcium were unchanged by this stress. These findings shed new light on the tolerance mechanisms of the African eggplant under salinity and heat. Further research on later developmental stages is needed to understand its potential in the field in areas affected by these abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie David-Rogeat
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Crop Science and Production Systems, NIAB, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Martin R. Broadley
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
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Gafforov Y, Rašeta M, Zafar M, Makhkamov T, Yarasheva M, Chen JJ, Zhumagul M, Wang M, Ghosh S, Abbasi AM, Yuldashev A, Mamarakhimov O, Alosaimi AA, Berdieva D, Rapior S. Exploring biodiversity and ethnobotanical significance of Solanum species in Uzbekistan: unveiling the cultural wealth and ethnopharmacological uses. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1287793. [PMID: 38333226 PMCID: PMC10851437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1287793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite its millennial existence and empirical documentation, the ethnological knowledge of herbs is a more recent phenomenon. The knowledge of their historical uses as food, medicine, source of income and small-scale businesses, and the sociological impacts are threatened due to the slow ethnobotanical research drive. Species of the genus Solanum have long been extensively used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses of humans since the dawn of civilization. All data were systematically obtained from papers, monographs, and books written in Uzbek, Russian, and English through various scientific online databases, including Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Semantic Scholar, Science Direct, and Web of Science using specific keywords focused on eight Solanum species. Eight native and non-native Solanum species as S. dulcamara L., S. lycopersicum L., S. melongena L., S. nigrum L., S. rostratum Dunal., S. sisymbriifolium Lam., S. tuberosum L., and S. villosum Mill. have been recorded in Uzbekistan of Central Asia. In this article we presented recently obtained data on the diversity, morphological characteristics, global distribution, habitat, population status, phenology, reproduction, pharmacology and phytochemistry of these Solanum species in Uzbekistan. Furthermore, relying on a combination of literature reviews and analyses from various scientific papers, we focus on food consumption coupled with global ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological uses in human diseases of the Solanum species growing in Uzbekistan. Since the dawn of civilization, these eight cultivated and non-cultivated species of Solanum have provided sustainable resources of medicinal plants in Uzbekistan to prevent and treat various human diseases. Based on the collected data, it was shown that Solanum species have not been studied ethnobotanically and ethnomedicinally in Uzbekistan and it is necessary to conduct phytochemical and biotechnological research on them in the future. Traditional uses and scientific evaluation of Solanum indicate that S. nigrum, S. sisymbriifolium and S. tuberosum are one of the most widely used species in some parts of the world. Although considerable progress has been made to comprehend the chemical and biological properties of S. nigrum and S. tuberosum species, more research on the pharmacology and toxicology of these species is needed to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of their biologically active extracts and isolated bioactive compounds. Additionally, conducting additional research on the structure-activity relationship of certain isolated phytochemicals has the potential to enhance their biological efficacy and advance the scientific utilization of traditional applications of Solanum taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusufjon Gafforov
- Central Asian Center for Development Studies, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- School of Engineering, Central Asian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Milena Rašeta
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Trobjon Makhkamov
- Department of Forestry and Landscape Design, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Manzura Yarasheva
- Department of Education and Training Management, Tashkent International University of Education, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Jia-Jia Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Moldir Zhumagul
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Higher School of Natural Sciences, Astana International University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Mengcen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Arshad Mehmood Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Akramjon Yuldashev
- Department of Ecology and Botany, Andijan State University, Andijan, Uzbekistan
| | - Oybek Mamarakhimov
- Department of Ecology Monitoring, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Areej Ahmed Alosaimi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dilfuza Berdieva
- Department Faculty and Hospital Therapy -1, Occupational Pathology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Sylvie Rapior
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Institut pour la Recherche et le Développement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Botany, Phytochemistry and Mycology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Hamouda MM, Badr A, Ali SS, Adham AM, Ahmed HIS, Saad-Allah KM. Growth, physiological, and molecular responses of three phaeophyte extracts on salt-stressed pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:32. [PMID: 36929363 PMCID: PMC10020410 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seaweeds are a viable bioresource for suffering plants against salt stress, as they abundant in nutrients, hormones, vitamins, secondary metabolites, and many other phytochemicals that sustain plants' growth under both typical and stressful situations. The alleviating capacity of extracts from three brown algae (Sargassum vulgare, Colpomenia sinuosa, and Pandia pavonica) in pea (Pisum sativum L.) was investigated in this study. METHODS Pea seeds were primed for 2 h either with seaweed extracts (SWEs) or distilled water. Seeds were then subjected to salinity levels of 0.0, 50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl. On the 21st day, seedlings were harvested for growth, physiological and molecular investigations. RESULTS SWEs helped reduce the adverse effects of salinity on pea, with S. vulgare extract being the most effective. Furthermore, SWEs diminished the effect of NaCl-salinity on germination, growth rate, and pigment content and raised the osmolytes proline and glycine betaine levels. On the molecular level, two low-molecular-weight proteins were newly synthesized by the NaCl treatments and three by priming pea seeds with SWEs. The number of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers increased from 20 in the control to 36 in 150 mM NaCl-treated seedlings, including four unique markers. Priming with SWEs triggered more markers than the control, however about ten of the salinity-induced markers were not detected following seed priming before NaCl treatments. By priming with SWEs, seven unique markers were elicited. CONCLUSION All in all, priming with SWEs alleviated salinity stress on pea seedlings. Salinity-responsive proteins and ISSR markers are produced in response to salt stress and priming with SWEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Hamouda
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Abdelfattah Badr
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 117900, Egypt
| | - Sameh S Ali
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Alia M Adham
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of AL-Muthanna, Samawah, Iraq
| | - Hanan I Sayed Ahmed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Khalil M Saad-Allah
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Sharma D, Shree B, Kumar S, Kumar V, Sharma S, Sharma S. Stress induced production of plant secondary metabolites in vegetables: Functional approach for designing next generation super foods. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 192:252-272. [PMID: 36279745 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites are vital for human health leading to the gain the access to natural products. The quality of crops is the result of the interaction of different biotic and abiotic factors. Abiotic stresses during plant growth may reduce the crop performance and quality of the produce. However, abiotic stresses can result in numerous physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses in plants, aiming to deal with these conditions. Abiotic stresses are also elicitors of the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites in plants which possess plant defense mechanisms as well as human health benefits such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative properties etc. Plants either synthesize new compounds or alter the concentration of bioactive compounds. Due to increasing attention towards the production of bioactive compounds, the understanding of crop responses to abiotic stresses in relation to the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds is critical. Plants alter their metabolism at the genetic level in response to different abiotic stresses resulting the changes in secondary metabolite production. Transcriptional factors regulate genes responsible for secondary metabolite biosynthesis in several plants under stress conditions. Understanding the signaling pathways involved in the secondary metabolite biosynthesis has become easy with the use of molecular biology. Therefore, aim of writing the review is to focus on secondary metabolite production in vegetable crops, their health benefits and transcription regulation under various abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, HP, India
| | - Bharti Shree
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK HPKV, Palampur, 176062, HP, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 173230, HP, India.
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141027, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, HP, India.
| | - Shivam Sharma
- Department of Vegetable Science, CSK HPKV, Palampur, 176062, HP, India
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Añibarro-Ortega M, Pinela J, Alexopoulos A, Petropoulos SA, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L. The powerful Solanaceae: Food and nutraceutical applications in a sustainable world. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 100:131-172. [PMID: 35659351 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Solanaceae family is considered one of the most important families among plant species because, on one hand encompasses many staple food crops of the human diet while, on the other hand, it includes species rich in powerful secondary metabolites that could be valorized in medicine or drug formulation as well as nutraceuticals and food supplements. The main genera are Solanum, Capsicum, Physalis, and Lycium which comprise several important cultivated crops (e.g., tomato, pepper, eggplant, tomatillo, and goji berry), as well as genera notable for species with several pharmaceutical properties (e.g., Datura, Nicotiana, Atropa, Mandragora, etc.). This chapter discusses the nutritional value of the most important Solanaceae species commonly used for their edible fruit, as well as those used in the development of functional foods, food supplements, and nutraceuticals due to their bioactive constituents. The toxic and poisonous effects are also discussed aiming to highlight possible detrimental consequences due to irrational use. Finally, considering the high amount of waste and by-products generated through the value chain of the main crops, the sustainable management practices implemented so far are presented with the aim to increase the added-value of these crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Añibarro-Ortega
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Alexios Alexopoulos
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, Kalamata, Messinia, Greece
| | - Spyridon A Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
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Zamljen T, Medic A, Hudina M, Veberic R, Slatnar A. Salt Stress Differentially Affects the Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) According to the Genotype, Fruit Part, and Salinity Level. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070853. [PMID: 35406833 PMCID: PMC9003448 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A total of four Capsicum annuum L. genotypes (‘Caro F1’, ‘Berenyi F1’, ‘Somborka’ and ‘Novosadka’) were exposed to two intensities of salt stress. We observed a significant decrease in the sugar content in all salt stressed treatments, except for the sucrose content of the pericarp of the ‘Caro F1’ cultivar. Salt stress had a largely negative effect on the total and individual organic acid content, although the effect differed among cultivars. Using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer, most phenolics were identified in the pericarp (18), followed by the placenta (7) and seeds (8). Treatment with 40 mM NaCl caused the highest increase in individual phenols, followed by treatment with 20 mM NaCl. The cultivar ‘Berenyi F1’ was less affected by salt stress treatment than the other three cultivars in terms of content of individual and total phenols. Salt stress increased the content of capsaicinoids in all the cultivars. The pericarp of the cultivar ‘Novosadka’ showed 17.5 and 50 times higher total capsaicinoid content than the control in the 20 mM and 40 mM NaCl, respectively. With the results of several metabolite groups, we confirmed that the reaction and metabolic content to salt stress within the genus Capsicum is genotype-, fruit part-, and salinity level-dependent.
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Forti C, Ottobrino V, Doria E, Bassolino L, Toppino L, Rotino GL, Pagano A, Macovei A, Balestrazzi A. Hydropriming Applied on Fast Germinating Solanum villosum Miller Seeds: Impact on Pre-germinative Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:639336. [PMID: 33841466 PMCID: PMC8030258 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.639336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed priming can circumvent poor germination rate and uniformity, frequently reported in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and its crop wild relatives (CWRs). However, there is still a gap of knowledge on how these treatments impact the pre-germinative metabolism in a genotype- and/or species-dependent manner. The CWR Solanum villosum Miller (hairy nightshade) investigated in this study showed a quite unique profile of fast germination. Although this accelerated germination profile would not apparently require further improvement, we wanted to test whether priming would still be able to impact the pre-germinative metabolism, eventually disclosing the predominant contribution of specific antioxidant components. Hydropriming followed by dry-back resulted in synchronized germination, as revealed by the lowest MGR (Mean Germination Rate) and U (Uncertainty) values, compared to unprimed seeds. No significant changes in ROS (reactive oxygen species) were observed throughout the treatment. Increased tocopherols levels were detected at 2 h of hydropriming whereas, overall, a low lipid peroxidation was evidenced by the malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. Hydropriming resulted in enhanced accumulation of the naturally occurring antioxidant phenolic compounds chlorogenic acid and iso-orientin, found in the dry seeds and ex novo accumulation of rutin. The dynamic changes of the pre-germinative metabolism induced by hydropriming are discussed in view of future applications that might boost the use of eggplant CWRs for breeding, upon upgrade mediated by seed technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Forti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentino Ottobrino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Doria
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Bassolino
- CREA, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Montanaso Lombardo, Italy
- CREA, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Toppino
- CREA, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Montanaso Lombardo, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Pagano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anca Macovei
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alma Balestrazzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Šamec D, Karalija E, Šola I, Vujčić Bok V, Salopek-Sondi B. The Role of Polyphenols in Abiotic Stress Response: The Influence of Molecular Structure. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:118. [PMID: 33430128 PMCID: PMC7827553 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stressors such as extreme temperatures, drought, flood, light, salt, and heavy metals alter biological diversity and crop production worldwide. Therefore, it is important to know the mechanisms by which plants cope with stress conditions. Polyphenols, which are the largest group of plant-specialized metabolites, are generally recognized as molecules involved in stress protection in plants. This diverse group of metabolites contains various structures, from simple forms consisting of one aromatic ring to more complex ones consisting of large number of polymerized molecules. Consequently, all these molecules, depending on their structure, may show different roles in plant growth, development, and stress protection. In the present review, we aimed to summarize data on how different polyphenol structures influence their biological activity and their roles in abiotic stress responses. We focused our review on phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenoids, and lignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Šamec
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Erna Karalija
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33–35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Ivana Šola
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Valerija Vujčić Bok
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (V.V.B.)
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Zhao Z, Liu Z, Mao X. Biotechnological Advances in Lycopene β-Cyclases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11895-11907. [PMID: 33073992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene β-cyclase is one of the key enzymes in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, which catalyzes the β-cyclization of both ends of lycopene to produce β-carotene. Lycopene β-cyclases are found in a wide range of sources, mainly plants and microorganisms. Lycopene β-cyclases have been extensively studied for their important catalytic activity, including for use in genetic engineering to modify plants and microorganisms, as a blocking target for lycopene industrial production strains, and for their genetic and physiological effects related to microorganic and plant biological traits. This review of lycopene β-cyclases summarizes the major studies on their basic classification, functional activity, metabolic engineering, and plant science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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11
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Sharma A, Shahzad B, Rehman A, Bhardwaj R, Landi M, Zheng B. Response of Phenylpropanoid Pathway and the Role of Polyphenols in Plants under Abiotic Stress. Molecules 2019; 24:E2452. [PMID: 31277395 PMCID: PMC6651195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 694] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are an important class of plant secondary metabolites which play crucial physiological roles throughout the plant life cycle. Phenolics are produced under optimal and suboptimal conditions in plants and play key roles in developmental processes like cell division, hormonal regulation, photosynthetic activity, nutrient mineralization, and reproduction. Plants exhibit increased synthesis of polyphenols such as phenolic acids and flavonoids under abiotic stress conditions, which help the plant to cope with environmental constraints. Phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway is activated under abiotic stress conditions (drought, heavy metal, salinity, high/low temperature, and ultraviolet radiations) resulting in accumulation of various phenolic compounds which, among other roles, have the potential to scavenge harmful reactive oxygen species. Deepening the research focuses on the phenolic responses to abiotic stress is of great interest for the scientific community. In the present article, we discuss the biochemical and molecular mechanisms related to the activation of phenylpropanoid metabolism and we describe phenolic-mediated stress tolerance in plants. An attempt has been made to provide updated and brand-new information about the response of phenolics under a challenging environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Babar Shahzad
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Chungnam 31116, Korea
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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