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Puciato D, Rozpara M, Bugdol M, Mróz-Gorgoń B. Socio-economic correlates of quality of life in single and married urban individuals: a Polish case study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2022; 20:58. [PMID: 35366910 PMCID: PMC8977027 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-01966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of key current social trends is the increasing number of single people. It has multiple implications as single individuals often live and behave differently than those living in relationships. Marital status and socioeconomic status may also be significant quality of life factors for single persons. The aim of this study is to identify relationships between quality of life and selected indicators of socioeconomic status in single and married respondents from the Wrocław metropolitan area in Poland. Methods 4460 respondents took part in the study (1828 single, 2632 married). The study was cross-sectional based on a diagnostic survey. Data was gathered on respondents’ sex, age, education, marital status, occupational status and financial situation as well as their quality of life and perceived health condition. Frequencies (f) and relative frequencies (rf) of categories of dependent and independent variables were determined. The chi-squared test (χ2) and odds ratio (OR) statistics were applied. The level of statistical significance was set at α = .05.
Results A stochastic dependence (p ≤ .05) between marital status and perceived health condition and quality of life in the social domain was found among the respondents. Male sex, higher education, being an entrepreneur, college student or white-collar worker, and good financial status were associated with the highest assessments of quality of life and perceived health condition. The directions of quality of life modifications determined by socioeconomic status were similar in single and married urban respondents; however, the strength of these modifications was greater in the latter. Conclusions It is recommended to target respondents with public health programs aimed at lifestyle improvement, tailored to the needs of single and married individuals. Public policies directed at improving education and material situation of respondents are also worth considering, as they may be essential for modeling their quality of life. In addition, research on quality of life should be continued, which is particularly relevant in a pandemic situation.
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Puciato D, Rozpara M. Physical activity and socio-economic status of single and married urban adults: a cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12466. [PMID: 34820193 PMCID: PMC8588853 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changing family models have resulted in a large increase in the number of single-person households. This phenomenon has certain implications for society and the economy as single people often exhibit different behaviours, including their engagement in health-related physical activity, than those who are married and living with partners. However, the results of studies on determinants of physical activity in people of different marital status have been inconclusive. The aim of this study was to identify associations between physical activity and socioeconomic status in single and married urban adults. Methods The study material consisted of 4,460 persons (1,828 single and 2,632 married and living with partners). A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wroclaw (Poland). A diagnostic survey-direct interview method was used. Two research tools were applied: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire (S-ESQ). The level of respondents’ physical activity was assessed following WHO recommendations. The descriptive statistics included the number and frequency of categories of dependent and independent variables as well as measures of association between them, i.e., crude and adjusted odds ratios. Results The odds ratio of meeting the WHO physical activity recommendations was almost 70% higher in single than in married respondents (OR = 1.67; CI [1.46–2.19]), and slightly more than 40% higher after adjusting for sex, age and education (aOR = 1.42; CI [1.21–1.67]). In both groups socioeconomic the respondents’ status revealed a significant and slightly different association with their levels of physical activity. Occupational status and financial savings significantly affected the level of physical activity in single respondents, while net disposable income was a significant modifier of physical activity levels in respondents who were married or lived with their partners. Conclusions Assessment of the levels and determinants of physical activity among people of different marital status should be continued and extended to other subpopulations. This will allow effective preventive and therapeutic measures to be taken for groups most at risk of hypokinesia. Programs aimed at improving physical activity accounting for the socioeconomic status and marital status of their beneficiaries are particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Puciato
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Michał Rozpara
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Silesia, Poland
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Demographic and Socioeconomic Determinants of Body Mass Index in People of Working Age. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218168. [PMID: 33167352 PMCID: PMC7663841 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is currently the most common metabolic disease, causing numerous health problems and, if untreated, leading to premature mortality. Obesity is a significant issue among people of working age since their ability to work depends directly on their health condition and psychomotor fitness. Demographic and socioeconomic factors have a significant impact on the body weight of people of working age. The aim of this study is to identify relationships between the body mass index and selected demographic and socioeconomic variables in working-age residents of the city of Wrocław, Poland. The study involved 4315 respondents (2206 women and 2109 men) aged 18–64 years from Wrocław. The sample selection was random and purposive, using multilevel stratification. The applied research tool was the authors’ own cross-sectional diagnostic questionnaire of socioeconomic status. Based on the collected data, the respondents’ body weight was categorized according to WHO criteria. The majority of respondents (60%) had a normal body weight, while 40% were categorized as overweight or obese. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Sex, age, occupational status, marital status, number of people in the household, having a steady source of income, disposable (net) income, and savings were significantly correlated (p < 0.001) with respondents’ body mass index. Public health programs aimed at promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors should be addressed primarily to groups at the highest risk of overweight and obesity.
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Ignasiak Z, Sebastjan A, Sławińska T, Skrzek A, Czarny W, Król P, Rzepko M, Duda-Biernacka B, Marchewka A, Filar-Mierzwa K, Nowacka-Dobosz S, Dobosz J, Umiastowska D. Functional fitness normative values for elderly polish population. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:384. [PMID: 33023485 PMCID: PMC7539522 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It’s really important to measure the actual functional physical fitness of elderly independent living persons from different environments to know the level and rate of decrease may inform about the threat of loss of functional independence, hence the need to monitor and assess the senior’s motor realm and adapt to it the appropriate programs and treatments in the care for the elderly person. Methods The study involved 5367 people (mean age 69,63 ± 7,06), including 4164 women (mean age 69,55 ± 7,11) and 1203 men (mean age 69,91 ± 6,86) aged 60 to 93 years old. We have measured basic anthropometric features and physical fitness (by using Senior Fitness Test). Results The average values in individual SFT tests significantly decrease along with age. After age of 80 and 85 there were no sex differences in SFT. The largest deficits concern the dynamic balance and the decrease reaches 69% in men and 62% in women A significantly higher rate of decline in aerobic capacity concerns men (43%) than women (36.9%). A clearly lower rate of loss occurs in the muscular strength of the lower and upper body and does not exceed 30%. Conclusions The results are of great clinical importance for the development of effective prevention and gerontological education programs in terms of promoting active lifestyle and successful ageing, at the same time limiting the economic consequences of treatment and hospitalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Ignasiak
- University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Sebastjan
- University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Teresa Sławińska
- University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Skrzek
- University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al. I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Marchewka
- University of Physical Education in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | - Janusz Dobosz
- Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Umiastowska D, Kupczyk J. Factors Differentiating the Level of Functional Fitness in Polish Seniors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051699. [PMID: 32150937 PMCID: PMC7084830 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, functional fitness is defined as the level of independence and self-sufficiency of an elderly person, which facilitates leading an independent life, without the need for assistance from other people. A decrease in functional fitness among older adults is influenced by a variety of factors. In addition to changes occurring in the human body in accordance with the laws of ontogenetic development, they can also be analyzed in terms of somatic parameters and the age of the subjects. The aim of this research was to find the factors differentiating the level of functional fitness of older adults. It involved 509 people divided into a group of people involved in regular physical activity and an inactive group. The Fullerton Functional Fitness Test was used to measure the level of physical fitness, and anthropometric measurements (body weight and height) were also performed. The level of functional fitness of Polish seniors was compared with the American standards established by R. E. Rikli and C. J. Jones. The results of our research confirm a higher level of functional fitness in active older adults, both women and men. In this group, BMI-(Body Mass Index is a measure of body fat based on height and weight) showed a greater correlation with shoulder girdle and back muscles strength, complex coordination, balance, agility, and endurance in women than in men. Finally, the surveyed Polish seniors exhibited a higher level of functional fitness than their American peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Umiastowska
- Faculty of Physical Culture and Health, Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-521 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Joanna Kupczyk
- Faculty of Tourism and Health Sciences, The Jacob of Paradies University, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland;
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Kupcewicz E, Szypulska A, Doboszyńska A. Positive Orientation as a Predictor of Health Behavior during Chronic Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183408. [PMID: 31540017 PMCID: PMC6765796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Positive orientation includes optimism, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. This research was conducted to determine whether positive orientation is an important predictor of health behaviors of patients with chronic movement disorders which require a rehabilitation program. Methods: The study involved 93 patients, including 46 women (49.5%) and 47 men (50.5%). The study utilized a standardized Positive Orientation Scale and a Health Behavior Inventory to measure the intensity of health-promoting behaviors. Results: The two variables of age and positive orientation were found to be predictors of overall healthy behavior, explaining a total of 22% variance of the dependent variable. Age was a predictor of preventative behavior (β = 0.37; R2 = 0.16). Its share in the prediction of this variable was significant (16%). The highest predictive value of positive mental attitude was having a positive orientation (β = 0.42; R2 = 0.17), which explained 17% of the variance of the dependent variable. However, age explained 14% of the variability of health practice results (β = 0.39; R2 = 0.14). Conclusion: The results of the research indicate the need to implement preventive programs with a positive orientation to modify the health behavior of chronically ill male and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kupcewicz
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Szypulska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Doboszyńska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
- Pulmonology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Puciato D. Sociodemographic Associations of Physical Activity in People of Working Age. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16122134. [PMID: 31212886 PMCID: PMC6617081 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify relationships between the physical activity and sociodemographic status of respondents aged 18–64 years. The research was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Wrocław, Poland. The study group comprised 4460 people. The sample selection was random and stratified. The research tool was the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form. Levels of physical activity declared by respondents were compared with the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Data on respondents’ sociodemographic status was also obtained. The Mann–Whitney U test for samples, Kruskal–Wallis test by ranks, and total and binary logistic regression were used in statistical analysis. Among the respondents, the ACSM health recommendations were met by 43.7% in total (43.2% women and 44.3% men). All analyzed sociodemographic variables differentiated respondents’ physical activity. The youngest respondents were found to be the most physically active. Wrocław residents with a secondary education declared the highest level of physical activity. Among the respondents, manual workers revealed the highest, and the unemployed the lowest odds of meeting the ACSM standards of health-related physical activity. The level of physical activity of unmarried respondents was higher than that of married respondents. The highest percentage of respondents (50.9% women and 54.2% men) with sufficient physical activity levels was found among people living alone. Measures aimed at reducing hypokinesia should be addressed primarily in vulnerable groups, i.e., the unemployed and oldest men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Puciato
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, ul. Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland.
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Ostachowska-Gasior A, Kolarzyk E, Majewska R, Gasior A, Kwiatkowski J, Zaleska I. Diet and Physical Activity as Determinants of Lifestyle Chosen by Women from Southern Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102088. [PMID: 30249020 PMCID: PMC6211119 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the lifestyle of Polish women (characterized by the quality of diets and levels of reported physical activity) and their characteristics such as age, place of residence, physical activity at work or school, reported health status, and BMI. The sample consisted of 882 women from Southern Poland. Diet quality and the level of physical activity were evaluated by the Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire established by the Polish Academy of Sciences. The lifestyle category (healthy, moderate, or unhealthy) was based on “Prohealthy Diet Index-10” and participant’s self-assessed physical activity during their leisure-time. The lifestyle category was significantly associated with age, BMI, physical activity at work/school, and health. Moderate lifestyle (high or moderate levels of physical activity combined with low prohealthy diet) was the most commonly found classification in examined women. Age (>35 years old) and overweight are the main factors determining unhealthy lifestyle behavior. Healthy lifestyle is more often chosen by the women from big cities. More intensive efforts should be undertaken to increase the knowledge and awareness of the health benefits of a healthy lifestyle. The main goal should be concentrated on increasing the level of physical activity, especially in leisure time, and promoting the tenets of a well-balanced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ostachowska-Gasior
- Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 7 Kopernika St., Krakow 31-034, Poland.
| | - Emilia Kolarzyk
- Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 7 Kopernika St., Krakow 31-034, Poland.
- Cracow High School of Health Promotion, 73 Krowoderska St., Krakow 31-158, Poland.
| | - Renata Majewska
- Department of Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 7A Kopernika St., Krakow 31-034, Poland.
| | - Anna Gasior
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Jacek Kwiatkowski
- Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 7 Kopernika St., Krakow 31-034, Poland.
| | - Izabela Zaleska
- The Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Cracow, Jana Pawla II 78 Road, Krakow 31-571, Poland.
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Kaleta D, Kalucka S, Szatko F, Makowiec-Dąbrowska T. Prevalence and Correlates of Physical Inactivity during Leisure-Time and Commuting among Beneficiaries of Government Welfare Assistance in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101126. [PMID: 28954440 PMCID: PMC5664627 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has well-documented health benefits helping to prevent development of non-communicable diseases. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence and factors associated with physical inactivity during leisure-time (LTPA) and commuting (CPA) among adult social assistance beneficiaries in Piotrkowski district. The studied sample consisted of 1817 respondents. Over 73% of the study population did not meet the recommended levels of LTPA. Fifty two % of the respondents had none leisure-time physical activity and 21.5% exercised occasionally. Main reasons for not taking up LTPA included: high general physical activity (36.4%), lack of time (28.1%), no willingness to exercise (25.4%). Close to 82% of the surveyed population did not practice commuting physical activity (CPA). The men had higher risk for inactivity during LTPA compared to the women (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.11–1.65; p ≤ 0.05). Higher odds of CPA inactivity were associated with unemployment, moderate and heavy drinking and having a number of health problems. The prevalence of physical inactivity among the social assistance recipients is much higher than it is in the general population. Promotion of an active lifestyle should take into consideration substantial differences between the general population and disadvantaged individuals and their various needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kaleta
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Kalucka
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Franciszek Szatko
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska
- Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
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Ignasiak Z, Sławinska T, Skrzek A, Rożek K, Kozieł S, Posłuszny P, Malina RM. Functional capacities of Polish adults of 60-87 years and risk of losing functional independence. Ann Hum Biol 2017; 44:502-509. [PMID: 28539050 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2017.1328071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To characterise the functional capacities of Polish men and women aged 60-87 years and evaluate their status relative to criteria for functional independence. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Four hundred and thirty-one women and 125 men, aged 60-87 years, who were residents of Wrocław, southwestern Poland, were recruited. Height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. The Fullerton Functional Fitness Test was administered to test upper and lower body strength, upper and lower body flexibility, agility-dynamic balance and aerobic endurance. The Paffenbarger physical activity questionnaire was completed. Characteristics of individuals classified by the number of tests which equalled or exceeded criterion-referenced standards for functional independence (excluding flexibility) were compared. RESULTS Polish older adults compared favourably to American reference values. Percentages meeting the criteria for all four, for two or three and for one or no tests were, respectively, 21%, 54% and 25% in women and 37%, 45% and 18% in men. Adults meeting the criteria for all four tests were lighter, with a lower BMI and more physically active than those meeting the criteria on two or three tests and on one or no tests. CONCLUSION The majority of Polish older adults were not at risk for loss of physical independence. The most functionally independent adults of both sexes had a lower BMI and less obesity, and were physically more active; the converse was true for those not meeting the criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Ignasiak
- a Faculty of Physical Education , University School of Physical Education , Wrocław , Poland
| | - Teresa Sławinska
- a Faculty of Physical Education , University School of Physical Education , Wrocław , Poland
| | - Anna Skrzek
- b Faculty of Physiotherapy , University School of Physical Education , Wrocław , Poland
| | - Krystyna Rożek
- b Faculty of Physiotherapy , University School of Physical Education , Wrocław , Poland
| | - Sławomir Kozieł
- c Department of Anthropology , Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wrocław , Poland
| | - Pawel Posłuszny
- a Faculty of Physical Education , University School of Physical Education , Wrocław , Poland
| | - Robert M Malina
- d Department of Kinesiology and Health Education , University of Texas , Austin , TX , USA
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Ten-Year Changes in the Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Determinants of Physical Activity among Polish Adults Aged 20 to 74 Years. Results of the National Multicenter Health Surveys WOBASZ (2003-2005) and WOBASZ II (2013-2014). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156766. [PMID: 27272130 PMCID: PMC4896475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study was to estimate ten-year changes in physical activity (PA) patterns and sociodemographic determinants among adult residents of Poland. Methods The study comprised two independent samples of randomly selected adults aged 20–74 years participating in the National Multicentre Health Survey WOBASZ (2003–2005; n = 14572) and WOBASZ II (2013–2014; n = 5694). In both surveys the measurements were performed by six academic centers in all 16 voivodships of Poland (108 measurement points in each survey). Sociodemographic data were collected by an interviewer-administered questionnaire in both surveys. Physical activity was assessed in three domains: leisure-time, occupational and commuting physical activity. Results Leisure-time PA changed substantially between the surveys (p<0.001). The prevalence of subjects being active on most days of week fell in both genders in the years 2003–2014 (37.4% vs 27.3% in men); 32.7% vs 28.3% in women. None or occasional activity increased from 49.6% to 56.8% in men, while remained stable in women (55.2% vs 54.9%). In both WOBASZ surveys the likelihood of physical inactivity was higher in less educated individuals, smokers and those living in large agglomerations (p<0.01). No significant changes were observed in occupational activity in men between the surveys, while in women percentage of sedentary work increased from 43.4% to % 49.4% (p<0.01). Commuting PA decreased significantly in both genders (p<0.001). About 79.3% of men and 71.3% of women reported no active commuting in the WOBASZ II survey. Conclusions The observed unfavourable changes in PA emphasize the need for novel intervention concepts in order to reverse this direction. Further detailed monitoring of PA patterns in Poland is of particular importance.
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Mynarski W, Cholewa J, Rozpara M, Borek Z, Strojek K, Nawrocka A. Recommendations for health-enhancing physical activities in type 2 diabetes patients. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2419-22. [PMID: 26356173 PMCID: PMC4563280 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease of civilization with epidemiological
coverage. An integral component of a comprehensive process of type 2 diabetes mellitus
prevention and treatment is reasonably proportioned exercise. The aim of the study was to
evaluate the weekly physical activity of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and
healthy subjects with respect to recommendations of the American College of Sports
Medicine and American Diabetes Association. [Subjects] The study involved 31 patients with
type 2 diabetes mellitus (treatment duration 9 ± 0.8) and 31 healthy people. [Methods]
Physical activity levels were determined by the International Physical Activity
Questionnaire. A χ2 test was applied to determine the percentage of people who
met recommendations. [Results] Analysis of the obtained results demonstrated that the
intensity of physical activity in patients with diabetes was moderate or low. The men in
the control group met the recommendations for standard health-related activities
significantly more often than the patients with diabetes. In women, there was no such
relationship, since most of the women were insufficiently physically active. [Conclusion]
The conclusion to be drawn is that there is an urgent need to develop and implement
effective programs to enhance physical activity among people at risk of diseases of
civilization, including type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Władysław Mynarski
- Department of Recreation, The J. Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Jarosław Cholewa
- Department of Recreation, The J. Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Michał Rozpara
- Department of Recreation, The J. Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Strojek
- Department Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Silesian Medical University, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nawrocka
- Department of Recreation, The J. Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Poland
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