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Mukta MM, Hossain MJ, Akter M, Banik B, Mithun MDMZ, Sarwar S, Arefin MS, Islam MR, Islam SN. Cardioprotection of Water Spinach ( Ipomoea aquatica), Wood Apple ( Limonia acidissima) and Linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rat Model. Nutr Metab Insights 2023; 16:11786388231212116. [PMID: 38024869 PMCID: PMC10666662 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231212116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacological efficacy of 3 functional foods (Water spinach, Wood apple, and Linseed) against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat models. Methods Twenty-five Wistar Albino rats (male and female) were equally classified into 5 groups. Except for the normal control (NC) group, the animals received 2.5 mg/kg doxorubicin (DOX) intra-peritoneal injection at 48 hours intervals to create a dose of 15 mg/kg overall for 14 days. Simply a standard diet was given to the NC and DOX groups. In the 3 treatment groups such as water spinach (DOX + WS), wood apple (DOX + WA), and linseed (DOX + LS), rats were given 14 gm/day/rat fried water spinach, mashed wood apple, roasted linseed, respectively mixed with regular rat diet at 1:1 ratio. Blood and heart samples were collected by sacrificing all the rats on the last of the experiment day (the 15th day). LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), CK-MB (creatine kinase myocardial band), MDA (malondialdehyde), and SOD (superoxide dismutase) were analyzed. Additionally, histopathological analysis was conducted for final observation. Results The functional foods were indicated to lower the serum cardiac biomarkers (LDH and CK-MB) as well as stress marker (MDA) significantly (P < .05) and improved heart function and oxidative stress. However, the change in serum SOD level was noted as statistically insignificant (P > .05). The biochemical outcomes of the food intervention groups were supported by the histological findings found in those groups. Conclusion Consuming the investigated foods containing antioxidant phytochemicals may combat cardiac toxicity and oxidative stress. Nonetheless, thorough investigations and clinical monitoring are required to understand these functional foods' mechanism of action and dose-response effects in treating cardiotoxicity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisha Majid Mukta
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mousumi Akter
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Badhan Banik
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Sneha Sarwar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saidul Arefin
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rabiul Islam
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Nazrul Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Alam F, Kharya AK, Srivastav RK, Akhtar J, Khan MI, Ahmad M. Synergetic Effect of Lupeol and Naringin Against Bile Duct Ligation Induced Cardiac Injury in Rats via Modulating Nitrite Level (eNos) and NF-kB /p65 Expression. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2023; 73:23-29. [PMID: 36138544 DOI: 10.1055/a-1879-2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction such as cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is more common in liver cirrhosis related disorders including primary biliary cholangitis or biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Bile duct ligation (BDL) is an effective model of biliary cholestasis, producing oxidative damage and fibrosis. This research was designed to evaluate the effect of Lupeol and Naringin and its combination on bile duct ligation induced cardiac injury in rats. For pharmacological evaluation, rats were randomly divided into seven groups; intrahepatic cholestasis induced by ligation of the bile duct might lead to cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. The results were analyzed by physical, biochemical and histological examination. The Lupeol (100 mg/kg, p.o.), Naringin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and its combination (100 mg/kg each) treated group significantly improved physical infarct size, biochemical (Nitrite, SOD, CAT, and GSH) and histological (heart tissue- mitochondrial function/integrity and fibrosis) alterations occurs due to BDL-ligation. This study was concluded that oral administration of Lupeol, Naringin, and its combination has a curative potential against BDL-induced cardiac injury in rats by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, resulting in reduced heart necrosis/myocardial infarction and increased myocardial activity. It also inhibits cardiac damage in the rat heart, these effects may be linked to the NO level (eNOS) is increased and the inactivation of the NF-kB-p65 expression pathways.This study also provides new insights into the development of lupeol and Naringin combination that can be used as supportive therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoj Alam
- Kunwar Haribansh Singh College of Pharmacy, Jaunpur, (U.P.), India
| | | | | | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India
| | | | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India
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3
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Donn P, Prieto MA, Mejuto JC, Cao H, Simal-Gandara J. Functional foods based on the recovery of bioactive ingredients from food and algae by-products by emerging extraction technologies and 3D printing. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Therapeutic and Nutraceutical Effects of Polyphenolics from Natural Sources. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196225. [PMID: 36234762 PMCID: PMC9572829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress-related complications, and chronic age-related illnesses is gradually increasing worldwide. Several causes include the ineffectiveness of medicinal treatment therapies, their toxicity, their inability to provide radical solutions in some diseases, and the necessity of multiple drug therapy in certain chronic diseases. It is therefore necessary for alternative treatment methods to be sought. In this review, polyphenols were identified and classified according to their chemical structure, and the sources of these polyphenol molecules are indicated. The cardioprotective, ROS scavenging, anti-aging, anticancer properties of polyphenolic compounds have been demonstrated by the results of many studies, and these natural antioxidant molecules are potential alternative therapeutic agents.
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5
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He WS, Wu Y, Ren MJ, Yu ZY, Zhao XS. Diosmetin inhibits apoptosis and activates AMPK-induced autophagy in myocardial damage under hypoxia environment. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 38:139-148. [PMID: 34713558 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is considered as an important treatment method for ischemic heart diseases, but related drugs are still insufficient. The present study aims to explore the protective function and mechanism of the key Chinese medicine monomer diosmetin (DIOS) on the injury of cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia. Here, AC16 and HCM-a cells were treated with 40 μM of DIOS under hypoxic environment and a hypoxic rat model was built to study the role of DIOS. The viability and autophagy of cardiomyocytes were increased, but the apoptosis of cells was suppressed by 40 μM DIOS, under hypoxic environment. Intriguingly, 10 mM 3-methyladenine, an inhibitor of autophagy, reversed the effect of DIOS on autophagy and apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes under hypoxia. Furthermore, DIOS induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and Compound C (5 μM), an AMPK inhibitor, attenuated the inhibition of DIOS on the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under hypoxia environment. In isoprenaline-induced hypoxic rats, it was verified that DIOS inhibited apoptosis, accelerated autophagy, and activated AMPKα pathway in vivo. Our findings indicated that DIOS alleviated hypoxia-induced myocardial apoptosis via inducing the activation of AMPK-induced autophagy. In summary, the study suggested that DIOS inhibited the apoptosis and induced the autophagy of hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes through AMPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuai He
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Mao-Jia Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xing-Sheng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
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6
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Hesari M, Mohammadi P, Khademi F, Shackebaei D, Momtaz S, Moasefi N, Farzaei MH, Abdollahi M. Current Advances in the Use of Nanophytomedicine Therapies for Human Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3293-3315. [PMID: 34007178 PMCID: PMC8123960 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s295508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the primary cause of death during the last several decades, it is necessary to develop proper strategies for the prevention and treatment of CVDs. Given the excessive side effects of current therapies, alternative therapeutic approaches like medicinal plants and natural products are preferred. Lower toxicity, chemical diversity, cost-effectiveness, and proven therapeutic potentials make natural products superior compared to other products. Nanoformulation methods improve the solubility, bioavailability, circulation time, surface area-to-volume ratio, systemic adverse side effects, and drug delivery efficiency of these medications. This study intended to review the functionality of the most recent nanoformulated medicinal plants and/or natural products against various cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and myocardial infarction. Literature review revealed that curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol were the most applied natural products, respectively. Combination therapy, conjugation, or fabrication of nanoparticles and nanocarriers improved the applications and therapeutic efficacy of herbal- or natural-based nanoformulations. In the context of CVDs prevention and/or treatment, available data suggest that natural-based nanoformulations are considerably efficient, alone or in blend with other herbal/synthetic medicines. However, clinical trials are mandatory to elucidate the safety, cardioprotective effect, and mechanism of actions of nanophytomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvash Hesari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pantea Mohammadi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khademi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Dareuosh Shackebaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Moasefi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Leung KS, Galano JM, Oger C, Durand T, Lee JCY. Enrichment of alpha-linolenic acid in rodent diet reduced oxidative stress and inflammation during myocardial infarction. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:53-64. [PMID: 33271280 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is an irreversible event caused by cardiac ischemia and may be fatal. Studies reported that increased intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) namely, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and lower the incidence of MI. Nonetheless, the cardioprotective effect of plant n-3-PUFA such as α-linolenic acid (ALA) in the diet is not conclusive. In this study, Sprague Dawley rats were supplemented with isocaloric diets enriched with ALA rich flaxseed (FS) and flaxseed oil (FSO), and normal chow (Control) for 4 weeks. MI was induced by isoproterenol (ISO) injection. Results showed that all ALA-enriched diets displayed cardioprotection against MI. The heart to body weight ratio, plasma LDH activity and plasma cTnI were reduced compared to ISO and was prominent in FS diet. ALA and EPA were up-regulated in both tissues and plasma by ALA-diets compared to Control and remained higher than ISO groups. Notably, LOX-mediated HETEs decreased whereas LOX-mediated HDHAs were elevated in both tissues and plasma of ALA-enriched diets compared to ISO. In addition, non-enzymatic oxidized products from arachidonic acid including 15-F2t-IsoP were reduced in both tissues and plasma of MI rats supplemented with ALA-enriched diets while those from n-3 PUFAs including F4-NeuroPs, PhytoPs and PhytoFs were elevated compared to control. ALA-enriched diets particularly flaxseed reduced gene expressions of inflammatory cytokines namely IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα and prevented the down regulation of antioxidant catalase in the heart tissues. In conclusion ALA-enriched diets potentially exerted cardioprotection through the regulation of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative mediators from n-3 PUFA autooxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Sum Leung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Jetty Chung-Yung Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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8
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Chhillar H, Chopra P, Ashfaq MA. Lignans from linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) and its allied species: Retrospect, introspect and prospect. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2719-2741. [PMID: 32619358 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1784840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lignans are complex diphenolic compounds representing phytoestrogens and occur widely across the plant kingdom. Formed by the coupling of two coniferyl alcohol residues, lignans constitute major plant "specialized metabolites" with exceptional biological attributes that aid in plant defence and provide health benefits in humans by reducing the risk of ailments such as cancer, diabetes etc. Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the richest sources of lignans followed by cereals and legumes. Among the various types of lignans, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is considered as the essential and nutrient rich lignan in linseed. Lignans exhibit established antimitotic, antiviral and anti-tumor properties that contribute to their medicinal value. The present review seeks to provide a holistic view of research in the past and present times revolving around lignans from linseed and its allied species. This review attempts to elucidate sources, structures and functional properties of lignans, along with detailed biosynthetic mechanisms operating in plants. It summarizes various methods for the determination of lignan content in plants. Biotechnological interventions (in planta and in vitro) aimed at enriching lignan content and adoption of integrative approaches that might further enhance lignan content and medicinal and nutraceutical value of Linum spp. have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Chhillar
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Chopra
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Ashfaq
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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9
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Bose S, Munsch T, Lanoue A, Garros L, Tungmunnithum D, Messaili S, Destandau E, Billet K, St-Pierre B, Clastre M, Abbasi BH, Hano C, Giglioli-Guivarc’h N. UPLC-HRMS Analysis Revealed the Differential Accumulation of Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Lignans and Neolignans in In Vitro Cultures of Linum usitatissimum L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:508658. [PMID: 33072140 PMCID: PMC7539065 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.508658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, methods relating to plant tissue culture have become prevalent within the cosmetic industry. Forecasts predict the cosmetic industry to grow to an annual turnover of around a few hundred billion US dollars. Here we focused on Linum usitatissimum L., a plant that is well-known for its potent cosmetic properties. Following the a) establishment of cell cultures from three distinct initial explant origins (root, hypocotyl, and cotyledon) and b) selection of optimal hormonal concentrations, two in vitro systems (callus vs cell suspensions) were subjected to different light conditions. Phytochemical analysis by UPLC-HRMS not only confirmed high (neo)lignan accumulation capacity of this species with high concentrations of seven newly described (neo)lignans. Evaluation over 30 days revealed strong variations between the two different in vitro systems cultivated under light or dark, in terms of their growth kinetics and phytochemical composition. Additionally, antioxidant (i.e. four different in vitro assays based on hydrogen-atom transfer or electron transfer mechanism) and anti-aging (i.e. four in vitro inhibition potential of the skin remodeling enzymes: elastase, hyaluronidase, collagenase and tyrosinase) properties were evaluated for the two different in vitro systems cultivated under light or dark. A prominent hydrogen-atom transfer antioxidant mechanism was illustrated by the DPPH and ABTS assays. Potent tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activities were also observed, which was strongly influenced by the in vitro system and light conditions. Statistical treatments of the data showed relationship of some (neo)lignans with these biological activities. These results confirmed the accumulation of flax (neo)lignans in different in vitro systems that were subjected to distinct light conditions. Furthermore, we showed the importance of optimizing these parameters for specific applications within the cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankhamala Bose
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Thibaut Munsch
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Laurine Garros
- UMR7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université d’Orléans, CNRS, Orléans, France
- USC1328 Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, Université d’Orléans, INRA, Orléans, France
| | - Duangjai Tungmunnithum
- USC1328 Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, Université d’Orléans, INRA, Orléans, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Souhila Messaili
- UMR7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université d’Orléans, CNRS, Orléans, France
| | - Emilie Destandau
- UMR7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université d’Orléans, CNRS, Orléans, France
| | - Kévin Billet
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Benoit St-Pierre
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marc Clastre
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- USC1328 Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, Université d’Orléans, INRA, Orléans, France
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc’h, ; Bilal Haider Abbasi,
| | - Christophe Hano
- USC1328 Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, Université d’Orléans, INRA, Orléans, France
| | - Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc’h
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- *Correspondence: Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc’h, ; Bilal Haider Abbasi,
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10
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Andjic M, Draginic N, Radoman K, Jeremic J, Turnic TN, Srejovic I, Zivkovic V, Kovacevic M, Bolevich S, Jakovljevic V. Flaxseed and evening primrose oil slightly affect systolic and diastolic function of isolated heart in male but not in female rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 91:99-107. [PMID: 31699009 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Considering that sex related differences in cardiac response to flaxseed (FSO) and evening primrose oil (EPO) are insufficiently known present investigation assessed the effect of these two oils, on the cardiac function of isolated rat hearts and the possible role of sex in this. The present study was carried out on 60 adult male Wistar albino rats randomly divided into 6 groups: male rats treated with EPO, dose of 10 mg/kg/day; female rats treated with EPO, dose of 10 mg/kg/day; male rats treated with FSO, dose of 300 mg/kg/day; female rats treated with FSO, dose of 300 mg/kg/day; control group of female rats treated with regular laboratory diet for animals; control group of male rats treated with regular laboratory diet for animals. Using the Langendorff technique, markers of the heart function were evaluated: the maximum and minimum rates of pressure development in the left ventricle (LV; dP/dtmax, dP/dtmin), systolic and diastolic left ventricular pressure (SLVP, DLVP, respectively), heart rate (HR) and coronary flow (CF). Male rats treated with EPO had significantly higher (p = 0.016) mean values of dP/dtmax, dP/dtmin, SLVP and DLVP (average increase for all CPPs 20%, 25%, 30% and 110%, respectively), compared to the group of male rats treated with FSO (p = 0.914). Our study results indicate that both types of PUFA oils only slightly changed the function of the isolated rat heart in male but not in female rats. Nevertheless, the difference between oil treatments was found in male rats who had stronger cardiac response after supplementation with EPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Andjic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Draginic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Jovana Jeremic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tamara Nikolic Turnic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Kovacevic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Department of Human Pathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kragujevac, Serbia.,1 Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Department of Human Pathology, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Markulin L, Corbin C, Renouard S, Drouet S, Gutierrez L, Mateljak I, Auguin D, Hano C, Fuss E, Lainé E. Pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, key to the lignan synthesis in plants. PLANTA 2019; 249:1695-1714. [PMID: 30895445 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview on activity, stereospecificity, expression and regulation of pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases in plants. These enzymes are shared by the pathways to all 8-8' lignans derived from pinoresinol. Pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases (PLR) are enzymes involved in the lignan biosynthesis after the initial dimerization of two monolignols. They catalyze two successive reduction steps leading to the production of lariciresinol or secoisolariciresinol from pinoresinol. Two secoisolariciresinol enantiomers can be synthetized with different fates. Depending on the plant species, these enantiomers are either final products (e.g., in the flaxseed where it is stored after glycosylation) or are the starting point for the synthesis of a wide range of lignans, among which the aryltetralin type lignans are used to semisynthesize anticancer drugs such as Etoposide®. Thus, the regulation of the gene expression of PLRs as well as the possible specificities of these reductases for one reduction step or one enantiomer are key factors to fine-tune the lignan synthesis. Results published in the last decade have shed light on the presence of more than one PLR in each plant and revealed various modes of action. Nevertheless, there are not many results published on the PLRs and most of them were obtained in a limited range of species. Indeed, a number of them deal with wild and cultivated flax belonging to the genus Linum. Despite the occurrence of lignans in bryophytes, pteridophytes and monocots, data on PLRs in these taxa are still missing and indeed the whole diversity of PLRs is still unknown. This review summarizes the data, published mainly in the last decade, on the PLR gene expression, enzymatic activity and biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Samantha Drouet
- Centre Régional de Ressources en Biologie Moléculaire (CRRBM), Université Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Laurent Gutierrez
- Centre Régional de Ressources en Biologie Moléculaire (CRRBM), Université Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Ivan Mateljak
- LBLGC, INRA USC 1328 Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Daniel Auguin
- LBLGC, INRA USC 1328 Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Fuss
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Hoppe-Seyler-St. 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eric Lainé
- LBLGC, INRA USC 1328 Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France.
- LBLGC, INRA USC 1328 Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, 21 rue de Loigny, 28000, Chartres, France.
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Shah SMA, Akram M, Riaz M, Munir N, Rasool G. Cardioprotective Potential of Plant-Derived Molecules: A Scientific and Medicinal Approach. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819852243. [PMID: 31205459 PMCID: PMC6537262 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819852243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of human civilization, plants have been used in alleviating the human distress and it was recorded for about thousands of years ago that the plants are being used for medicinal purposes. Natural bioactive compounds called phytochemicals are obtained from medicinal plants, vegetables, and fruits, which functions to combat against various ailments. There is dire need to explore the plant biodiversity for its medicinal and pharmacological potentials. Different databases such as Google scholar, Medline, PubMed, and the Directory of Open Access Journals were searched to find the articles describing the cardioprotective function of medicinal plants. Various substances from a variety of plant species are used for the treatment of cardiovascular abnormalities. The cardioprotective plants contain a variety of bioactive compounds, including diosgenin, isoflavones, sulforaphane, carotinized, catechin, and quercetin, have been proved to enhance cardioprotection, hence reducing the risk of cardiac abnormalities. The present review article provides the data on the use of medicinal plants particularly against cardiac diseases and to explore the molecules/phytoconstituents as plant secondary metabolites for their cardioprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muhammad Ali Shah
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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Kour J, Singh S, Chandra Saxena D. Nutraceuticals from barley flour, flaxseed and rice bran oil-Extraction, chromatographic analysis, microbiological analysis and pesticide estimation. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kour
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology; Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology; Longowal India
| | - Sukhcharn Singh
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology; Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology; Longowal India
| | - Dharmesh Chandra Saxena
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology; Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology; Longowal India
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Malik K, Ahmad M, Zhang G, Rashid N, Zafar M, Sultana S, Shah SN. Traditional plant based medicines used to treat musculoskeletal disorders in Northern Pakistan. Eur J Integr Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Bekhit AEDA, Shavandi A, Jodjaja T, Birch J, Teh S, Mohamed Ahmed IA, Al-Juhaimi FY, Saeedi P, Bekhit AA. Flaxseed: Composition, detoxification, utilization, and opportunities. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Therapeutic effect of Linum usitatissimum L. in STZ-nicotinamide induced diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of AGE's and oxidative stress. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017; 54:408-421. [PMID: 28242940 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the potential of petroleum ether and hydro-alcoholic extract of Linum usitatissimum (FPE and FHE) in STZ-nicotinamide induced diabetic nephropathy. GC-MS analysis of FPE revealed the presence of different fatty acids, heterocyclic compounds etc. Moreover, chromatography of FHE isolated Secoisolariciresinol diglycoside. After 30 days of STZ-administration, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of FPE and FHE were administered for 45 days. FPE and FHE produced significant attenuation in the glycemic status, renal parameter, lipid profile and level of antioxidant enzymes proving efficacy in diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, FPE and FHE produced significant reduction in the formation of AGEs in kidney. The results indicated that via amelioration oxidative stress and formation of AGEs, FPE and FHE produced significant nephroprotective effect in STZ- induced diabetic nephropathy in rats.
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Sawant SH, Bodhankar SL. Flax lignan concentrate reverses alterations in blood pressure, left ventricular functions, lipid profile and antioxidant status in DOCA-salt induced renal hypertension in rats. Ren Fail 2016; 38:411-23. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1136895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Omega-3-fatty acid adds to the protective effect of flax lignan concentrate in pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy in rats via modulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:751-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Cardioprotective effect of linseed oil against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats: a biochemical and electrocardiographic study. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:281-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0411-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Choudhary M, Kumar V, Malhotra H, Singh S. Medicinal plants with potential anti-arthritic activity. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2015; 4:147-79. [PMID: 26401403 PMCID: PMC4566784 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20150313021918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional medicinal plants are practiced worldwide for treatment of arthritis especially in developing countries where resources are meager. This review presents the plants profiles inhabiting throughout the world regarding their traditional usage by various tribes/ethnic groups for treatment of arthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing classical text books and peer reviewed papers, consulting worldwide accepted scientific databases from the last six decades. Plants/their parts/extracts/polyherbal formulations, toxicity studies for arthritis have been included in the review article. The profiles presented also include information about the scientific name, family, dose, methodology along with mechanism of action and toxicity profile. Research status of 20 potential plant species has been discussed. Further, geographical distribution of research, plants distribution according to families has been given in graphical form. RESULTS 485 plant species belonging to 100 families, traditionally used in arthritis are used. Among 100 plant families, malvaceae constitute 16, leguminasae 7, fabaceae 13, euphorbiaceae 7, compositae 20, araceae 7, solanaceae 12, liliaceae 9, apocynaceae, lauraceae, and rubiaceae 10, and remaining in lesser proportion. It was observed in our study that majority of researches are carried mainly in developing countries like India, China, Korea and Nigeria. CONCLUSION This review clearly indicates that list of medicinal plants presented in this review might be useful to researchers as well as practioners. This review can be useful for preliminary screening of potential anti-arthritis plants. Further toxicity profile given in the review can be useful for the researchers for finding the safe dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjusha Choudhary
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Science and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hitesh Malhotra
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Surender Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Baiano A. Recovery of biomolecules from food wastes--a review. Molecules 2014; 19:14821-42. [PMID: 25232705 PMCID: PMC6270676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190914821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Food wastes are produced by a variety of sources, ranging from agricultural operations to household consumption. About 38% occurs during food processing. At present, the European Union legislation encourages the exploitation of co-products. This valorisation can be achieved through the extraction of high-value components such as proteins, polysaccharides, fibres, flavour compounds, and phytochemicals, which can be re-used as nutritionally and pharmacologically functional ingredients. Extraction can proceed according to solid-liquid extraction, Soxhlet extraction, pressurized fluid extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, pulsed electric field extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction. Nevertheless, these techniques cannot be used indiscriminately and their choice depends on the type of biomolecules and matrix, the scale processing (laboratory or industrial), the ratio between production costs and economic values of the compounds to be extracted. The vegetable wastes include trimmings, peelings, stems, seeds, shells, bran, residues remaining after extraction of oil, starch, sugar, and juice. The animal-derived wastes include wastes from bred animals, wastes from seafood, wastes from dairy processing. The recovered biomolecules and by-products can be used to produce functional foods or as adjuvants in food processing or in medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations. This work is an overview of the type and amounts of food wastes; food waste legislation; conventional and novel techniques suitable for extracting biomolecules; food, medicinal and pharmaceutical uses of the recovered biomolecules and by-products, and future trends in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Baiano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25-71122 Foggia, Italy.
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Zanwar AA, Hegde MV, Rojatkar SR, Sonawane KB, Rajamohanan PR, Bodhankar SL. Isolation, characterization and antihyperlipidemic activity of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside in poloxamer-407-induced experimental hyperlipidemia. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1094-1103. [PMID: 24649910 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.877492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Linum usitatissimum L. (Linaceae), commonly known as flaxseed, is a good source of dietary fiber and lignans. Earlier we reported cardioprotective, antihyperlipidemic, and in vitro antioxidant activity of flax lignan concentrate (FLC) obtained from flaxseed. OBJECTIVES To isolate secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) from FLC and to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic activity of SDG in poloxamer-407 (P-407)-induced hyperlipidaemic mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS FLC was subjected to column chromatography and further subjected to preparative HPTLC to isolate SDG. The chemical structure of the isolated compound was elucidated by UV, IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, ROESY, MS, and specific optical rotation was recorded. Further, we have investigated the antihyperlipidaemic effect of SDG (20 mg/kg) in P-407-induced hyperlipidaemic rats. Hyperlipidaemia was induced by intraperitoneal administration of P-407 (30% w/v). Serum lipid parameters such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The structure and stereochemistry of the isolated compound were confirmed on the basis of 1D and 2D spectral data and characterized as SDG. Finally, isolated pure SDG was screened using a P-407-induced mice model for its antihyperlipidemic action using serum lipid parameters. The isolated SDG (20 mg/kg) significantly reduced serum cholesterol, triglyceride (p < 0.001), very low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.05), and non-significantly increased HDL-C. CONCLUSION Finally, it was concluded unequivocally that SDG showed antihyperlipidaemic effects in P-407-induced hyperlipidaemic mice. Isolated pure SDG confirms that SDG is beneficial in the prevention of experimental hyperlipidemia in laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand A Zanwar
- D epartment of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University , Pune, Maharashtra , India
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Pilar BC, Güllich AADC, Ströher DJ, Zuravski L, Mezzomo J, Coelho RP, Faoro D, Piccoli JDCE, Manfredini V. 28-days dietary supplementation with golden flaxseed improves biochemical and oxidative parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Zare K, Movafeghi A, Mohammadi SA, Asnaashari S, Nazemiyeh H. New Phenolics from Linum mucronatum subsp. orientale. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 4:117-22. [PMID: 25337464 PMCID: PMC4204036 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2014.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lignans and flavonoids are widely distributed phenolics in the plant kingdom. Aryltetralin type lignans (podophyllotoxin derivatives) as the major secondary metabolites of Linum species play an important role in the production of chemotherapy drugs. In the present study, lignans and flavonoid glycosides from aerial parts of Linum mucronatum subsp. orientale were isolated and identified. METHODS The phytochemical investigation has been carried out on Hexane, DCM and MeOH extracts of the plant. Separation of chemical constituents was done using different chromatography (CC, prep-TLC, GC/MS and HPLC) methods. The major compounds of dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol extracts were isolated and their structures were elucidated using co-chromatography in the presence of known lignans, HPLC and NMR techniques. RESULTS Our results showed that podophyllotoxin and 6-MeO-α- peltatin, as new compound, are the major lignans of the DCM extract of L. mucronatum subsp. orientale. Two new flavonoid glycosides were also elucidated in the methanolic extract. CONCLUSION The DCM and methanol extracts of L. mucronatum were found to contain aryltetralin-type lignans and flavonoids. The occurrence of 6-MeO-α- peltatin and flavonoids in L. mucronatum has been reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Zare
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran ; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Movafeghi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Solmaz Asnaashari
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Nazemiyeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Saraswathi KY, Muthal A, Kandhare A, Rojatkar S, Bodhankar S. Study of Methanolic Extract of Artemisia pallens Wall on Endurance of Laboratory Animals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5567/pharmacologia.2014.298.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Mishra OP, Pietrofesa R, Christofidou-Solomidou M. Novel synthetic (S,S) and (R,R)-secoisolariciresinol diglucosides (SDGs) protect naked plasmid and genomic DNA From gamma radiation damage. Radiat Res 2014; 182:102-10. [PMID: 24945894 DOI: 10.1667/rr13635.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is the major lignan in wholegrain flaxseed. However, extraction methods are complex and are associated with low yield and high costs. Using a novel synthetic pathway, our group succeeded in chemically synthesizing SDG (S,S and R,R enantiomers), which faithfully recapitulates the properties of their natural counterparts, possessing strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. This study further extends initial findings by now investigating the DNA-radioprotective properties of the synthetic SDG enantiomers compared to the commercial SDG. DNA radioprotection was assessed by cell-free systems such as: (a) plasmid relaxation assay to determine the extent of the supercoiled (SC) converted to open-circular (OC) plasmid DNA (pBR322) after exposure of the plasmid to gamma radiation; and (b) determining the extent of genomic DNA fragmentation. Exposure of plasmid DNA to 25 Gy of γ radiation resulted in decreased supercoiled form and increased open-circular form, indicating radiation-induced DNA damage. Synthetic SDG (S,S) and SDG (R,R), and commercial SDG at concentrations of 25-250 μM significantly and equipotently reduced the radiation-induced supercoiled to open-circular plasmid DNA in a dose-dependent conversion. In addition, exposure of calf thymus DNA to 50 Gy of gamma radiation resulted in DNA fragments of low-molecular weight (<6,000 bps), which was prevented in a dose-dependence manner by all synthetic and natural SDG enantomers, at concentrations as low as 0.5 μM. These novel results demonstrated that synthetic SDG (S,S) and SDG (R,R) isomers and commercial SDG possess DNA-radioprotective properties. Such properties along with their antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity, reported earlier, suggest that SDGs are promising candidates for radioprotection for normal tissue damage as a result of accidental exposure during radiation therapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om P Mishra
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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Sen T, Samanta SK. Medicinal plants, human health and biodiversity: a broad review. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 147:59-110. [PMID: 25001990 DOI: 10.1007/10_2014_273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity contributes significantly towards human livelihood and development and thus plays a predominant role in the well being of the global population. According to WHO reports, around 80 % of the global population still relies on botanical drugs; today several medicines owe their origin to medicinal plants. Natural substances have long served as sources of therapeutic drugs, where drugs including digitalis (from foxglove), ergotamine (from contaminated rye), quinine (from cinchona), and salicylates (willow bark) can be cited as some classical examples.Drug discovery from natural sources involve a multifaceted approach combining botanical, phytochemical, biological, and molecular techniques. Accordingly, medicinal-plant-based drug discovery still remains an important area, hitherto unexplored, where a systematic search may definitely provide important leads against various pharmacological targets.Ironically, the potential benefits of plant-based medicines have led to unscientific exploitation of the natural resources, a phenomenon that is being observed globally. This decline in biodiversity is largely the result of the rise in the global population, rapid and sometimes unplanned industrialization, indiscriminate deforestation, overexploitation of natural resources, pollution, and finally global climate change.Therefore, it is of utmost importance that plant biodiversity be preserved, to provide future structural diversity and lead compounds for the sustainable development of human civilization at large. This becomes even more important for developing nations, where well-planned bioprospecting coupled with nondestructive commercialization could help in the conservation of biodiversity, ultimately benefiting mankind in the long run.Based on these findings, the present review is an attempt to update our knowledge about the diverse therapeutic application of different plant products against various pharmacological targets including cancer, human brain, cardiovascular function, microbial infection, inflammation, pain, and many more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhinadri Sen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India,
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Cardioprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Tecoma stans flowers against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hasić S, Hadžović-Džuvo A, Jadrić R, Kiseljaković E. B-type natriuretic peptide and adiponectin releases in rat model of myocardial damage induced by isoproterenol administration. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2013; 13:225-9. [PMID: 24289757 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2013.2329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and adiponectin play important role in the cardiovascular homeostasis regulation. We investigated BNP and adiponectin serum levels followed by isoproterenol (ISO) administration to rats and explored the relationship between them. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) blood level was used as biochemical evidence of myocardial damage development. Adult male Wistar rats (average body weight 273.33 ± 21.63 g) were distributed into groups: control group received saline (n=6) and ISO groups (n=12) treated with ISO (subcutaneous single dose 100 mg/kg of rat body weight). ISO group was divided into two groups according to the time of BNP, adiponectin and cTnI determination: ISO I (n=6; 2 hours after ISO administration); ISO II (n=6; 4 hours after ISO administration). Blood for determination of parameters was taken from rat abdominal aorta. BNP, adiponectin and cTnI were determined by ELISA method. Data were statistically analysed by using SPSS version 13 computer program. P value less 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Blood BNP and adiponectin were lower at 2 hours after ISO administration in comparison with control group (p=0.004 for BNP and p=0.174 for adiponectin). Four hours after ISO administration, we have noted significant elevation of both parameters compared to ISO I group (p=0.004 for BNP; p=0.02 for adiponectin). Test of correlation have showed significant relation between their blood levels during experimental period (rho=0.577; p=0.01). BNP and adiponectin are not simple indicators of myocardial damage development. They have possible associated and additive effects in cardiovascular homeostasis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabaheta Hasić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Čekaluša 90, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Protective role of concomitant administration of flax lignan concentrate and omega-3-fatty acid on myocardial damage in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Moree SS, Kavishankar GB, Rajesha J. Antidiabetic effect of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:237-245. [PMID: 23271000 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia. Its complications such as neuropathy, cardiopathy, nephropathy, and micro and macro vascular diseases are believed to be due to the increase in oxidative stress and decrease in the level of antioxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the antihyperglycemic activity of synthetic Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The synthetic SDG in a single-dose (20 mg/kg b.w.) two-day study showed dose-dependent reduction in glucose levels with maximum effect of 64.62% at 48 h post drug treatment (p<0.05), which is comparable to that of the standard drug tolbutamide (20 mg/kg b.w.). In a multi-dose fourteen-day study, lower doses of SDG (5 and 10 mg/kg b.w.) exhibited moderate reduction in glucose levels, lipid profile, restoration of antioxidant enzymes and improvement of the insulin and c-peptide levels which shows the regeneration of β-cell which secretes insulin. Altered levels of lipids and enzymatic antioxidants were also restored by the SDG to the considerable levels in diabetic rats. Results of the present investigation suggest that diabetes is associated with an increase in oxidative stress as shown by increase in serum malondialdehyde (MDA), decreased levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). Also, diabetes is associated with an increase in serum total cholesterol as well as triglycerides levels and decrease in insulin and c-peptide levels. SDG is effective in retarding the development of diabetic complications. We propose that synthetic SDG exerts anti hyperglycemic effect by preventing the liver from peroxidation damage through inhibition of ROS level mediated increased level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. And, also maintaining tissue function which results in improving the sensitivity and response of target cells in STZ-induced diabetic rats to insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiq S Moree
- Department of Biochemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysore 570005, Karnataka, India
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Effect of ethanolic extract of seeds of Linum usitatissimum (Linn.) in hyperglycaemia associated ROS production in PBMNCs and pancreatic tissue of alloxan induced diabetic rats. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Ghule AE, Jadhav SS, Bodhankar SL. Antiarrhythmic effect of flax lignan concentrate alone and concomitantly with omega 3 fatty acid mediated through inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in digoxin induced ventricular arrhythmia and lethality in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomag.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zanwar A, Hegde M, Bodhankar S. Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Flax Lignan Concentrate in Triton Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2012.355.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ghule AE, Jadhav SS, Bodhankar SL. Renoprotective effect of Linum usitatissimum seeds through haemodynamic changes and conservation of antioxidant enzymes in renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Arab J Urol 2011; 9:215-21. [PMID: 26579301 PMCID: PMC4150603 DOI: 10.1016/j.aju.2011.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate an ethanolic extract of seeds of Linum usitatissimum (Linn.) (EELU) for its renoprotective role in rats through its antihypertensive effect and conservation of biological oxidation enzymes. Materials and methods Male Wistar rats (200–250 g) underwent uninephrectomy on day 0; after 2 weeks of recovery, the nephrectomised rats were divided into four groups of eight each: (I) sham (II); renal ischaemia reperfusion (RIR); (III) RIR + EELU 200 mg/kg; and (IV) RIR + EELU 400 mg/kg. In group II, III and IV the renal artery was occluded for 45 min and reperfused for 4 weeks; the sham group did not undergo RIR. Results EELU (400 mg/kg) significantly decreased the haemodynamic changes after 4 weeks of RIR injury. EELU treatment significantly restored the levels of renal endogenous antioxidant enzymes and membrane-bound enzymes. EELU 400 mg/kg restored the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. EELU also decreased the levels of tumour necrosis factor-α and myeloperoxidase activity. A flow-cytometric study confirmed a significant decrease in cellular necrosis and increase in viability after RIR in EELU-treated rats. The anti-apoptotic role of EELU was evident from the decrease in DNA fragmentation. Renal tissue damage as assessed by histopathology was decreased in groups III and IV (200 and 400 mg/kg EELU). Conclusion We conclude that EELU protected the kidney against RIR-induced renal injury, probably by inhibiting reactive oxygen species that have a causal role in such cases. It also inhibits apoptotic cell death and inflammation, and improves haemodynamic changes.
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Key Words
- Antioxidants
- BUN, blood urea nitrogen
- DBP, diastolic blood pressure
- EDP, end-diastolic pressure
- EELU, ethanolic extract of L. usitatissimum
- GPx, glutathione peroxidase
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- GST, glutathione S transferase
- H&E, haematoxylin and eosin
- Hypertension
- MABP, mean arterial blood pressure
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- PI, propidium iodide
- RAAS, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system
- RIR, renal ischaemia-reperfusion
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive oxygen species
- Renal ischaemia reperfusion
- SBP, systolic blood pressure
- SDG, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- dp/dt max, maximum first derivative of ventricular pressure
- dp/dt min, minimum first derivative of ventricular pressure
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvindkumar E Ghule
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Erandwane, Pune 411038, India
| | | | - Subhash L Bodhankar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Erandwane, Pune 411038, India
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