1
|
Mirchia K, Mahoney MT, Christie O, Fuller CE, Mirchia K. A Rare Tumor in a Rare Location: Radiology and Pathology Findings With a Literature Review on Intraventricular Gliosarcoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e34622. [PMID: 36891012 PMCID: PMC9987255 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliosarcoma (GS) is an extraordinarily rare variant of glioblastoma, which is differentiated by its distinct biphasic histopathological morphology consisting of both glial and mesenchymal elements. Although GS has a predilection for the cortical hemispheres, rare occurrences of intraventricular gliosarcoma (IVGS) have been documented in the literature. In this report, we present a 68-year-old female patient with a primary IVGS arising from the frontal horn of the left ventricle with corresponding left ventricular entrapment. The clinical course as well as associated tumor features as observed on computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and immunohistochemical studies are presented along with a relevant review of the current literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Mirchia
- Radiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Mary T Mahoney
- College of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Omari Christie
- Radiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Christine E Fuller
- Pathology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Kanish Mirchia
- Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan H, Yu Y, Du J, Liu L, Luo Y, Yu H, Liao X. Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Pathological Features of Gliosarcoma. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:2577-2589. [PMID: 36387942 PMCID: PMC9642797 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s386616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of gliosarcoma. Methods The clinical data of 14 patients with gliosarcoma confirmed by surgery and pathology at our hospital between 2010 and 2021 were analyzed retrospectively, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results In all 14 cases, the gliosarcoma was located in the supratentorial brain parenchyma and involved a single lesion. There were more male patients (64.3%) than female patients (35.7%), and 57.1% of all the patients were 40-60 years of age. The prognosis of all 14 patients was poor, and the average survival time was approximately seven months. The computed tomography findings revealed mostly mixed density lesions, and some cases were complicated with bleeding. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed irregularly shaped mass lesions of different sizes, with uneven or circular enhancement. Cystic degeneration and necrosis could be seen in all the masses, some of which showed signs of bleeding and were surrounded by different degrees of edema and space-occupying effects. The pathological examination revealed that the tumors had bidirectional differentiation of the glial and sarcoma components, while the immunohistochemistry examination revealed glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive and reticular fiber-positive staining in the sarcoma. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of gliosarcoma are nonspecific, but imaging reveals that the condition has certain characteristics, typically consisting of a huge supratentorial mass, with an irregular heterogeneous periphery or obvious mass-like augmentation after enhancement. The final diagnosis depends on the results of a pathological examination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Fan
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Du
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Likun Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yilin Luo
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Palmisciano P, Ferini G, Watanabe G, Ogasawara C, Lesha E, Bin-Alamer O, Umana GE, Yu K, Cohen-Gadol AA, El Ahmadieh TY, Haider AS. Gliomas Infiltrating the Corpus Callosum: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2507. [PMID: 35626112 PMCID: PMC9139932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gliomas infiltrating the corpus callosum (G-I-CC) majorly impact patient quality-of-life, but maximally safe tumor resection is challenging. We systematically reviewed the literature on G-I-CC. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched following the PRISMA guidelines to include studies of patients with G-I-CC. Clinicopathological features, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: We included 52 studies comprising 683 patients. Most patients experienced headache (33%), cognitive decline (18.7%), and seizures (17.7%). Tumors mostly infiltrated the corpus callosum genu (44.2%) with bilateral extension (85.4%) into frontal (68.3%) or parietal (8.9%) lobes. Most G-I-CC were glioblastomas (84.5%) with IDH-wildtype (84.9%) and unmethylated MGMT promoter (53.5%). Resection (76.7%) was preferred over biopsy (23.3%), mostly gross-total (33.8%) and subtotal (32.5%). The tumor-infiltrated corpus callosum was resected in 57.8% of cases. Radiation was delivered in 65.8% of patients and temozolomide in 68.3%. Median follow-up was 12 months (range, 0.1−116). In total, 142 patients (31.8%) experienced post-surgical complications, including transient supplementary motor area syndrome (5.1%) and persistent motor deficits (4.3%) or abulia (2.5%). Post-treatment symptom improvement was reported in 42.9% of patients. No differences in rates of complications (p = 0.231) and symptom improvement (p = 0.375) were found in cases with resected versus preserved corpus callosum. Recurrences occurred in 40.9% of cases, with median progression-free survival of 9 months (0.1−72). Median overall survival was 10.7 months (range, 0.1−116), significantly longer in low-grade tumors (p = 0.013) and after resection (p < 0.001), especially gross-total (p = 0.041) in patients with high-grade tumors. Conclusions: G-I-CC show clinicopathological patterns comparable to other more frequent gliomas. Maximally safe resection significantly improves survival with low rates of persistent complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Palmisciano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Gianluca Ferini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, REM Radioterapia srl, 95029 Viagrande, Italy;
| | - Gina Watanabe
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (G.W.); (C.O.)
| | - Christian Ogasawara
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (G.W.); (C.O.)
| | - Emal Lesha
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Othman Bin-Alamer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Giuseppe E. Umana
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma Center, Gamma Knife Center, Cannizzaro Hospital, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Kenny Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (K.Y.); (T.Y.E.A.)
| | - Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Tarek Y. El Ahmadieh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (K.Y.); (T.Y.E.A.)
| | - Ali S. Haider
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tuan HX, Hung ND, Minh ND, Van Anh NT, Vi NH, Duy NQ, Duc NM, Hoan TC. Primary intraventricular gliosarcoma on MRI: A challenging diagnosis. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:685-689. [PMID: 35003460 PMCID: PMC8718817 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliosarcoma (GS) is an uncommon central nervous system tumor with several characteristics of a malignant neoplasm and poor prognosis. The majority of GS reports describe a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, and cases of intraventricular GS are extremely rare, with only a few reported. In addition, intraventricular GS has not been associated with any unique radiographic or clinical features, which can result in misdiagnosis as other intraventricular tumor types. In this report, we present the case of a 32-year-old woman with GS in the trigone of the lateral ventricle and provide a retrospective review of similar, previously reported cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Xuan Tuan
- Department of Radiology, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Da Nang, Da Nang City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Duy Hung
- Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Radiology, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Corresponding author.
| | | | | | - Nguyen Ha Vi
- Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Quang Duy
- Department of Radiology, Ha Giang General Hospital, Ha Giang, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Duc
- Department of Radiology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Co-corresponding author.
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chasing a rarity: a retrospective single-center evaluation of prognostic factors in primary gliosarcoma. Strahlenther Onkol 2021; 198:468-474. [PMID: 34939129 PMCID: PMC9038866 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-021-01884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Primary gliosarcoma (GS) is a rare variant of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma multiforme. We performed a single-center analysis to identify prognostic factors. Patients and methods We analyzed the records of 26 patients newly diagnosed with primary WHO grade IV GS. Factors of interest were clinical and treatment data, as well as molecular markers, time to recurrence, and time to death. Results Median follow-up was 9 months (range 5–21 months). Gross total resection did not lead to improved survival, most likely due to the relatively small sample size. Low symptom burden at the time of diagnosis was associated with longer PFS (P = 0.023) and OS (P = 0.018). Median OS in the entire cohort was 12 months. Neither MGMT promoter hypermethylation nor adjuvant temozolomide therapy influenced survival, consistent with some previous reports. Conclusion In this retrospective study, patients exhibiting low symptom burden at diagnosis showed improved survival. None of the other factors analyzed were associated with an altered outcome.
Collapse
|
6
|
de Macêdo Filho LJM, Aragão ACA, Dos Santos VTD, Galvão LBA, Shlobin NA, De Biase G, Suarez-Meade P, Almeida JPC, Quinones-Hinojosa A, de Albuquerque LAF. Impact of COVID-19 on Neurosurgery in Brazil's Health System: The Reality of a Developing Country Affected by the Pandemic. World Neurosurg 2021; 155:e142-e149. [PMID: 34400327 PMCID: PMC8548285 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease identified in 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic changed neurosurgery protocols to provide ongoing care for patients while ensuring the safety of health care workers. In Brazil, the rapid spread of the disease led to new challenges in the health system. Neurooncology practice was one of the most affected by the pandemic due to restricted elective procedures and new triage protocols. We aim to characterize the impact of the pandemic on neurosurgery in Brazil. METHODS We analyzed 112 different types of neurosurgical procedures, with special detail in 11 neurooncology procedures, listed in the Brazilian Hospital Information System records in the DATASUS database between February and July 2019 and the same period in 2020. Linear regression and paired t-test analyses were performed and considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. RESULTS There was an overall decrease of 21.5% (28,858 cases) in all neurosurgical procedures, impacting patients needing elective procedures (-42.46%) more than emergency surgery (-5.93%). Neurooncology procedures decreased by 14.89%. Nonetheless, the mortality rate during hospitalization increased by 21.26%. Linear regression analysis in hospitalizations (Slope = 0.9912 ± 0.07431; CI [95%] = 0.8231-1.159) and total cost (Slope = 1.03 ± 0.03501; CI [95%] = 0.9511-1.109) in the 11 different types of neurooncology procedures showed a P < 0.0001. The mean cost per type of procedure showed an 11.59% increase (P = 0.0172) between 2019 and 2020. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has increased mortality, decreased hospitalizations, and therefore decreased overall costs, despite increased costs per procedure for a variety of neurosurgical procedures. Our study serves as a stark example of the effect of the pandemic on neurosurgical care in settings of limited resources and access to care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo J M de Macêdo Filho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA; Health Science Center, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Lívia B A Galvão
- Health Science Center, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nathan A Shlobin
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gaetano De Biase
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Paola Suarez-Meade
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Joao Paulo C Almeida
- Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|