1
|
Zimmermann J. Impact of neighborhood context on self-rated health among very old adults living in Germany: a cross-sectional representative study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:581. [PMID: 38969988 PMCID: PMC11227241 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasingly, evidence has shown that different aspects of neighborhood context play a significant role in self-rated health, one of the key health indicators in advanced age. Nevertheless, very old adults are often under represented or excluded from such research. Therefore, the first aim of this study was to examine whether social, socioeconomic, and physical neighborhood context is associated with self-rated health in the very old population of Germany. The second objective was to explore whether the link of socioeconomic and physical neighborhood context with self-rated health is moderated by availability of social resources in neighborhoods. METHODS Data from the representative survey, "Old Age in Germany" (D80+) were employed. In total, the study sample of D80+ included 10,578 individuals aged 80 years and over. Additionally, the D80+ data were matched with the freely accessible regional dataset of the Federal Institute for Research on Building, Urban Affairs, and Spatial Development. Two self-rated items (place attachment and social cohesion) were used to assess social neighborhood context. Socioeconomic context of neighborhoods was operationalized by German index of socioeconomic deprivation. To evaluate physical context, perceived measures of building conditions and walkability were included. Using the maximum likelihood estimator with robust standard errors, logistic regression models were estimated to analyze the relationship between neighborhood context (social, socioeconomic, and physical context, as well as their interactions) and self-rated health. RESULTS Including 8,066 participants in the analysis, the findings showed that better condition of residential building, higher walkability, being closely attached to outdoor places, and higher social cohesion were associated with higher chance to report good self-rated health of very old adults. In the adjusted models, the German socioeconomic deprivation index was not related to self-rated health. The effect of socioeconomic and physical neighborhood context on self-rated health did not differ according available neighborhood social resources. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that especially more favorable conditions in social and physical neighborhood context are associated with good self-rated health in the very old population of Germany. Further studies should consider multiple aspects of neighborhood context as well as their interplay when examining the neighborhood impact on self-rated health in older populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslava Zimmermann
- Cologne Center for Ethics, Rights, Economics, and Social Science of Health (ceres), University of Cologne, Albertus- Magnus-Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deisenhofer AK, Hehlmann MI, Rubel JA, Lutz W, Schwartz B, Bräscher AK, Christiansen H, Fehm L, Glombiewski JA, Heider J, Helbig-Lang S, Hermann A, Hoyer J, In-Albon T, Lincoln T, Margraf J, Risch AK, Schöttke H, Schulze L, Stark R, Teismann T, Velten J, Willutzki U, Wilz G, Witthöft M, Odyniec P. Love yourself as a therapist, doubt yourself as an institution? Therapist and institution effects on outcome, treatment length, and dropout. Psychother Res 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38831579 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2024.2352749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research suggests that some therapists achieve better outcomes than others. However, an overlooked area of study is how institution differences impact patient outcomes independent of therapist variance. This study aimed to examine the role of institution and therapist differences in adult outpatient psychotherapy. METHOD The study included 1428 patients who were treated by 196 therapists at 10 clinics. Two- and three-level hierarchical linear regression models were employed to investigate the effects of therapists and institutions on three dependent patient variables: (1) symptom change, (2) treatment duration, and (3) dropout. Level three explanatory variables were tested. RESULTS The results showed that therapist effects (TE) were significant for all three types of treatment outcome (7.8%-18.2%). When a third level (institution) was added to the model, the differences between therapists decreased, and significant institution effects (IE) were found: 6.3% for symptom change, 10.6% for treatment duration, and 6.5% for dropout. The exploratory analyses found no predictors able to explain the systematic variation at the institution level. DISCUSSION TE on psychotherapy outcomes remain a relevant factor but may have been overestimated in previous studies due to not properly distinguishing them from differences at the institution level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam I Hehlmann
- Institute of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Julian A Rubel
- Institute of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lutz
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Brian Schwartz
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Bräscher
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hanna Christiansen
- Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy Clinic (KJ-PAM), Marburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Bochum-Marburg, Germany
| | - Lydia Fehm
- Center for Psychotherapy at the Insitute of Psychology (ZPHU), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia A Glombiewski
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jens Heider
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sylvia Helbig-Lang
- Psychotherapy Training Program (PTA Hamburg) at Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology and Movement Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hermann
- Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hoyer
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tina In-Albon
- Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Tania Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology and Movement Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy Clinic (KJ-PAM), Marburg, Germany
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anne Katrin Risch
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Henning Schöttke
- Institute of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lars Schulze
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudolf Stark
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Treatment and Research Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Velten
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulrike Willutzki
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Gabriele Wilz
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Witthöft
- Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Patrizia Odyniec
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wecker H, Maier D, Ziehfreund S, Fox FAU, Erhard I, Vehreschild JJ, Zink A. Cancer incidence and digital information seeking in Germany: a retrospective observational study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10184. [PMID: 38702333 PMCID: PMC11068859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Awareness is vital for cancer prevention. US studies show a strong link between web searches and cancer incidence. In Europe, the relationship remains unclear. This study characterizes regional and temporal relationships between cancer incidence and web searches and investigates the content of searches related to breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, prostate, and testicular cancer, brain tumors, and melanoma in Germany (July 2018-December 2019). Aggregate data from Google Ads Keyword Planner and national cancer registry data were analyzed. Spearman's correlation coefficient (rS) examined associations between cancer incidence and web search, repeated measures correlation (rrm) assessed time trends and searches were qualitatively categorized. The frequency of malignancy-related web searches correlated with cancer incidence (rS = 0.88, P = 0.007), e.g., breast cancer had more queries than the lower-incidence cervical cancer. Seasonally, incidence and searches followed similar patterns, peaking in spring and fall, except for melanoma. Correlations between entity incidence and searches (0.037 ≤ rrm ≤ 0.208) varied regionally. Keywords mainly focused on diagnosis, symptoms, and general information, with variations between entities. In Germany, web searches correlated with regional and seasonal incidence, revealing differences between North/East and South/West. These insights may help improve prevention strategies by identifying regional needs and assessing impact of awareness campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wecker
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Maier
- Medical Department 2 (Hematology/Oncology and Infectious Diseases), Center for Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ziehfreund
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabienne A U Fox
- Medical Department 2 (Hematology/Oncology and Infectious Diseases), Center for Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ian Erhard
- Medical Department 2 (Hematology/Oncology and Infectious Diseases), Center for Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Janne Vehreschild
- Medical Department 2 (Hematology/Oncology and Infectious Diseases), Center for Internal Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department I for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Zink
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tetzlaff J, Epping J. [Healthier at work for longer? Trends in life years free of cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases in the employed and general population based on health insurance claims data]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024; 67:555-563. [PMID: 38607434 PMCID: PMC11093846 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-024-03868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study focuses on the development of disease-free life years of two disease groups with high public health relevance: musculoskeletal diseases (MSD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Against the backdrop of prolonged working lives, the development of disease-free life years in the working-age population is compared with the trend in the employed population. Differences between occupational groups are also examined. METHODS The study is based on data from the statutory health insurance provider AOK Lower Saxony (N = 2,001,225). Incident cases were identified based on the diagnosis data. The expected years free of MSD and CVD were calculated using multistate life table analysis for three periods between 2006 and 2018. The occupational group is identified via the occupational key. Three groups are distinguished: unskilled and semi-skilled workers, skilled workers and specialists, and highly skilled workers. RESULTS Life years free of MSD clearly decreased in the general population and among the employed population. The decrease was strongest in the higher-skilled occupational groups. Life years free of CVD increased in the general population. The increase was weaker among the employed population. The only occupational group showing increases were men in unskilled and semi-skilled occupations. DISCUSSION The study shows that disease-free life years among employed persons developed in some cases worse than in the general population. For the analysed disease groups MSD and CVD, there are clear inequalities between occupational groups, which decreased somewhat over time. The inequalities and the decrease in years free of MSD highlight the high public health relevance and the need for effective prevention strategies to prevent CVD and MSD in working age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Tetzlaff
- Medizinische Soziologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Deutschland.
| | - Jelena Epping
- Medizinische Soziologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tuncer O, Du Y, Michalski N, Reitzle L. Diabetes-related amputations in Germany: analysis of time trend from 2015 to 2022 and differences by area-level socioeconomic deprivation. JOURNAL OF HEALTH MONITORING 2024; 9:e12026. [PMID: 38828280 PMCID: PMC11137759 DOI: 10.25646/12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Diabetes-related amputations reduce health-related quality of life and are an indicator of the quality of care of diabetes. Methods Population-based age-standardized rates for diabetes-related cases of major and minor amputation were calculated and reported for the years 2015 - 2022 using the Diagnosis-related groups statistics. For 2022 these rates were also reported according to area-level socioeconomic deprivation. Results Diabetes-related major amputations decreased from 6.8 to 5.2 per 100,000 residents in women and from 18.6 to 17.5 per 100,000 residents in men between 2015 and 2022. In 2021 and 2022, there was no further decrease in men compared to the previous year. Diabetes-related minor amputations decreased in women between 2015 and 2022, but increased in men. Amputation rates were higher in regions with high deprivation than in regions with low deprivation. Conclusions Diabetes care should consider socioeconomic differences into account. The monitoring of the trends in amputations needs to be continued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Tuncer
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Krause L, Reitzle L, Hess S, Ziese T, Adewuyi D. [Reference evaluations for estimating prevalence, incidence, and mortality of public health relevant diseases based on routine data]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024; 67:139-148. [PMID: 38189861 PMCID: PMC10834606 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The routine data of all statutorily insured persons according to the Data Transparency Regulation (DaTraV data) represent a promising data source for the recurrent and timely surveillance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Germany. Thereby, it has become apparent that there is a high demand for reference evaluations that enable quick and regularly repeatable analyses on important NCDs. Against this background, ReFern-01 was initiated, a joint project of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) and the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM). In collaboration with experts from the field of secondary data analysis and healthcare research, reference evaluations for estimating prevalence, incidence, and mortality for important public health-relevant diseases were developed. First, 11 central NCDs were selected by means of an online survey, and initial case definitions were created in conjunction with a literature review. These were then discussed and agreed upon in a virtual workshop. The created reference evaluations (analysis scripts) allow a standardized estimation of the mentioned epidemiological figures, which are comparable over time and regionally. In addition to providing the results, the scripts will be available at the BfArM for further analysis. Provided that remote access to the analysis of the DaTraV data is available in the future, the results of the ReFern project can strengthen the surveillance of NCDs and support public health actors, for example, in the planning and implementation of health promotion and prevention measures at the federal, state, county, and local levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Krause
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, FG 24 Gesundheitsberichterstattung, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Lukas Reitzle
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, FG 24 Gesundheitsberichterstattung, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Steffen Hess
- Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, Forschungsdatenzentrum Gesundheit, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Ziese
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, FG 24 Gesundheitsberichterstattung, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Davis Adewuyi
- Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, Forschungsdatenzentrum Gesundheit, Bonn, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hanewinkel R, Hansen J. Regional socioeconomic deprivation in Germany and nicotine use among children and adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1023-1033. [PMID: 36966513 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2195155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To assess the association of regional socioeconomic deprivation and nicotine use, survey data from 17,877 pupils aged 9-17 years were analysed. Lifetime use of combustible, e-cigarettes, and both products were the outcome variables. The German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation was the exposure variable. Logistic regression models controlling for age, gender, school type, and sensation seeking were used to examine associations between regional socioeconomic deprivation and nicotine use. Ever use of combustible cigarettes was 17.8%, of e-cigarettes 19.6%, and of both products 13.4%. Compared to the most affluent area, the adjusted odds ratio of combustible cigarette use in the most deprived area was 2.24 (95% CI: 1.67-3.00), of e-cigarette use 1.56 (95% CI: 1.20-2.03), and of poly use 1.91 (95% CI: 1.36-2.69). Nicotine use among young people across ages and especially in socioeconomic-deprived areas was widespread. Nicotine control measures are urgently needed to reduce smoking and vaping in German adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Hansen
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reitzle L, Heidemann C, Jacob J, Pawlowska-Phelan D, Ludwig M, Scheidt-Nave C. Incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: analysis of routine data from 2015 to 2021. JOURNAL OF HEALTH MONITORING 2023; 8:2-25. [PMID: 38074488 PMCID: PMC10698802 DOI: 10.25646/11730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there is no data available depicting the trend of the incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes across all age groups for the COVID-19 pandemic years in Germany. METHODS Based on anonymized routine data from nine million persons covered by statutory health insurance, newly diagnosed diabetes cases (ICD diagnosis E10.- to E14.-) in inpatient or (confirmed in two quarters) outpatient setting were estimated for 2015 to 2021, differentiating between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The data were linked to the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation. The results are age-standardised (population as of 31 Dec. 2021). RESULTS Between 2015 and 2021, the incidence of type 1 diabetes increased from 9.5 to 11.6 per 100,000 persons (from 7,007 to 8,699 new cases per year). In contrast, the incidence of type 2 diabetes tended to decline between 2015 and 2019. It continued to drop initially in 2020 during the pandemic, and then rose to 740 per 100,000 persons in 2021 (556,318 new cases per year). The diabetes type-specific seasonal pattern of previous years has changed during the pandemic years. The incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes was observed to be higher in regions of high socioeconomic deprivation as compared to regions characterised by low socioeconomic deprivation. CONCLUSIONS The increase in the incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021 may possibly be related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The high incidence and the differences by regional socioeconomic deprivation indicate that there is a need for targeted prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Reitzle
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Christin Heidemann
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Josephine Jacob
- InGef – Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin GmbH, Germany
| | | | - Marion Ludwig
- InGef – Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin GmbH, Germany
| | - Christa Scheidt-Nave
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tetzlaff F, Nowossadeck E, Jansen L, Michalski N, Barnes B, Kraywinkel K, Hoebel J. Widening area-based socioeconomic inequalities in cancer mortality in Germany between 2003 and 2019. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17833. [PMID: 37857781 PMCID: PMC10587166 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer mortality has declined in recent decades, but-due to a lack of national individual-level data-it remains unclear whether this applies equally to all socioeconomic groups in Germany. Using an area-based approach, this study investigated socioeconomic inequalities in cancer mortality and their secular trends on a German nationwide scale for the first time. Official cause-of-death data from 2003 to 2019 were linked to the district-level German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation. Age-standardised mortality rates for all cancers combined and the most common site-specific cancers were calculated according to the level of regional socioeconomic deprivation. To quantify the extent of area-based socioeconomic inequalities in cancer mortality, absolute (SII) and relative (RII) indices of inequality were estimated using multilevel Poisson models. On average, cancer mortality was 50% (women) and 80% (men) higher in Germany's most deprived than least deprived districts (absolute difference: 84 deaths per 100,000 in women and 185 deaths per 100,000 in men). As declines in cancer mortality were larger in less deprived districts, the socioeconomic gap in cancer mortality widened over time. This trend was observed for various common cancers. Exceptions were cancers of the lung in women and of the pancreas in both sexes, for which mortality rates increased over time, especially in highly deprived districts. Our study provides first evidence on increasing socioeconomic inequalities in cancer mortality on a nationwide scale for Germany. Area-based linkage allows to examine socioeconomic inequalities in cancer mortality across Germany and identify regions with high needs for cancer prevention and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Tetzlaff
- Division of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13302, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Enno Nowossadeck
- Division of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13302, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lina Jansen
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Epidemiological Cancer Registry Baden-Württemberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niels Michalski
- Division of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13302, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ben Barnes
- German Centre for Cancer Registry Data, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Kraywinkel
- German Centre for Cancer Registry Data, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Hoebel
- Division of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13302, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Buchmann M, Tuncer O, Auzanneau M, Eckert AJ, Rosenbauer J, Reitzle L, Heidemann C, Holl RW, Thamm R. Incidence, prevalence and care of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents in Germany: Time trends and regional socioeconomic situation. JOURNAL OF HEALTH MONITORING 2023; 8:57-78. [PMID: 37408713 PMCID: PMC10318564 DOI: 10.25646/11439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Trends over time and possible socio-spatial inequalities in the incidence and care of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in children and adolescents are important parameters for the planning of target-specific treatment structures. Methodology The incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis and severe hypoglycaemia as well as the HbA1c value are presented for under 18-year-olds based on data from the nationwide Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry (DPV) and the diabetes registry of North Rhine-Westphalia. Indicators were mapped by sex over time between 2014 and 2020, and stratified by sex, age and regional socioeconomic deprivation for 2020. Results In 2020, the incidence was 29.2 per 100,000 person-years and the prevalence was 235.5 per 100,000 persons, with the figures being higher in boys than in girls in either case. The median HbA1c value was 7.5%. Ketoacidosis manifested in 3.4% of treated children and adolescents, significantly more often in regions with very high (4.5%) deprivation than in regions with very low deprivation (2.4%). The proportion of severe hypoglycaemia cases was 3.0%. Between 2014 and 2020, the incidence, prevalence and HbA1c levels changed little, while the proportions of ketoacidosis and severe hypoglycaemia decreased. Conclusions The decrease in acute complications indicates that type 1 diabetes care has improved. Similar to previous studies, the results suggest an inequality in care by regional socioeconomic situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maike Buchmann
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Oktay Tuncer
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Marie Auzanneau
- Ulm University, Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg
| | - Alexander J. Eckert
- Ulm University, Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg
| | - Joachim Rosenbauer
- German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg
| | - Lukas Reitzle
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Christin Heidemann
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Reinhard W. Holl
- Ulm University, Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg
| | - Roma Thamm
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| |
Collapse
|