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Ferreira-Duarte M, Tonin FS, Duarte-Araújo M, Fernandez-Llimos F, Morato M. Heterogeneity in protocols and outcomes to study the effect of renin-angiotensin system blockers in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1139-1152. [PMID: 37394277 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), supporting translational relevance of RAS blockers. Comparability of study design/outcomes is fundamental for data analysis/discussion. OBJECTIVES We aimed at evaluating the heterogeneity among protocols and outcomes to study the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in IBD. METHODS This study was performed and reported in accordance with the Cochrane recommendations and PRISMA (PROSPERO-CRD42022323853). Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Quality assessment of the studies was done with the SYRCLES's risk of bias tools for animal studies. RESULTS Thirty-five pre-clinical studies and six clinical studies were included. Chemical induction of colitis was the most used model, but variable doses of the induction agent were reported. All studies reported at least a disease activity index, a macroscopic score, or a histologic assessment, but these scores were methodologically heterogeneous and reported for different characteristics. Great heterogeneity was also found in drug interventions. Inflammatory markers assessed as outcomes were different across studies. CONCLUSION Lack of standardization of protocols and outcomes among studies threatens the evidence on how RAS blockers influence IBD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ferreira-Duarte
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- H&TRC-Health and Technology Research Center, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Duarte-Araújo
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO i4HB - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Morato
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Launonen H, Luiskari L, Linden J, Siltari A, Salmenkari H, Korpela R, Vapaatalo H. Adverse effects of an aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) inhibitor, fadrozole (FAD286), on inflamed rat colon. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:211-225. [PMID: 37345281 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we described local aldosterone production in the murine large intestine. Upregulated local aldosterone synthesis in different tissues has been linked with inflammatory conditions, which have been attenuated by the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) inhibitor, fadrozole (FAD286). Therefore, we investigated the effect of inhibition of intestinal aldosterone synthesis on the development of intestinal inflammation. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 5% (v/w) dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) for 7 days with or without daily FAD286 (30 mg/kg/d) subcutaneous injections on 3 days before, during and one day after DSS. Tissue aldosterone concentrations were evaluated by ELISA, CYP11B2 by Western blot and RT-qPCR. FAD286 halved adrenal aldosterone production but, intriguingly, increased the colonic aldosterone concentration. The lack of inhibitory effect of FAD286 in the colon might have been affected by the smaller size of colonic vs. adrenal CYP11B2, as seen in Western blot. When combined with DSS, FAD286 aggravated the macroscopic and histological signs of intestinal inflammation, lowered the animals' body weight gain and increased the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding and the permeability to iohexol in comparison to DSS-animals. To conclude, FAD286 exerted harmful effects during intestinal inflammation. Local intestinal aldosterone did not seem to play any role in the inflammatory pathogenesis occurring in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Launonen
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lotta Luiskari
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jere Linden
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Finnish Centre for Laboratory Animal Pathology (FCLAP), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aino Siltari
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hanne Salmenkari
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Korpela
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Vapaatalo
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Immunomodulatory Activity of the Most Commonly Used Antihypertensive Drugs-Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031772. [PMID: 35163696 PMCID: PMC8836033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article is focused on antihypertensive drugs, namely angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), and their immunomodulatory properties reported in hypertensive patients as well as in experimental settings involving studies on animal models and cell lines. The immune regulatory action of ACEI and ARB is mainly connected with the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine secretion, diminished expression of adhesion molecules, and normalization of CRP concentration in the blood plasma. The topic has significant importance in future medical practice in the therapy of patients with comorbidities with underlying chronic inflammatory responses. Thus, this additional effect of immune regulatory action of ACEI and ARB may also benefit the treatment of patients with metabolic syndrome, allergies, or autoimmune disorders.
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Balogh M, Janjic JM, Shepherd AJ. Targeting Neuroimmune Interactions in Diabetic Neuropathy with Nanomedicine. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:122-143. [PMID: 34416821 PMCID: PMC8823248 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Diabetes is a major source of neuropathy and neuropathic pain that is set to continue growing in prevalence. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and pain associated with diabetes are not adequately managed by current treatment regimens. Perhaps the greatest difficulty in treating DPN is the complex pathophysiology, which involves aspects of metabolic disruption and neurotrophic deficits, along with neuroimmune interactions. There is, therefore, an urgent need to pursue novel therapeutic options targeting the key cellular and molecular players. Recent Advances: To that end, cellular targeting becomes an increasingly compelling drug delivery option as our knowledge of neuroimmune interactions continues to mount. These nanomedicine-based approaches afford a potentially unparalleled specificity and longevity of drug targeting, using novel or established compounds, all while minimizing off-target effects. Critical Issues: The DPN therapeutics directly targeted at the nervous system make up the bulk of currently available treatment options. However, there are significant opportunities based on the targeting of non-neuronal cells and neuroimmune interactions in DPN. Future Directions: Nanomedicine-based agents represent an exciting opportunity for the treatment of DPN with the goals of improving the efficacy and safety profile of analgesia, as well as restoring peripheral neuroregenerative capacity. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 122-143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Balogh
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jelena M. Janjic
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew J. Shepherd
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Jaworska K, Koper M, Ufnal M. Gut microbiota and renin-angiotensin system: a complex interplay at local and systemic levels. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G355-G366. [PMID: 34405730 PMCID: PMC8486428 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00099.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is a potent biological modulator of many physiological and pathological states. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), including the local gastrointestinal RAS (GI RAS), emerges as a potential mediator of microbiota-related effects. The RAS is involved in cardiovascular system homeostasis, water-electrolyte balance, intestinal absorption, glycemic control, inflammation, carcinogenesis, and aging-related processes. Ample evidence suggests a bidirectional interaction between the microbiome and RAS. On the one hand, gut bacteria and their metabolites may modulate GI and systemic RAS. On the other hand, changes in the intestinal habitat caused by alterations in RAS may shape microbiota metabolic activity and composition. Notably, the pharmacodynamic effects of the RAS-targeted therapies may be in part mediated by the intestinal RAS and changes in the microbiome. This review summarizes studies on gut microbiota and RAS physiology. Expanding the research on this topic may lay the foundation for new therapeutic paradigms in gastrointestinal diseases and multiple systemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Jaworska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Koper
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Ufnal
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Ziaja M, Urbanek KA, Kowalska K, Piastowska-Ciesielska AW. Angiotensin II and Angiotensin Receptors 1 and 2-Multifunctional System in Cells Biology, What Do We Know? Cells 2021; 10:cells10020381. [PMID: 33673178 PMCID: PMC7917773 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For years, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been perceived as a system whose role is to primarily modulate the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Years of research into the role of RAS have provided the necessary data to confirm that the role of RAS is very complex and not limited to the cardiovascular system. The presence of individual elements of the renin-angiotensin (RA) system allows to control many processes, ranging from the memorization to pro-cancer processes. Maintaining the proportions between the individual axes of the RA system allows for achieving a balance, often called homeostasis. Thus, any disturbance in the expression or activity of individual RAS elements leads to pathophysiological processes.
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Baradaran Ghavami SH, Shahrokh SH, Hossein-Khannazer N, Shpichka A, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Timashev P, Vosough M. IBD Patients Could Be Silent Carriers for Novel Coronavirus and Less Prone to its Severe Adverse Events: True or False? CELL JOURNAL 2020; 22:151-154. [PMID: 32779446 PMCID: PMC7481906 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.7603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The goal of IBD treatment is to reduce the inflammation period and induce long-term remission. Use of anti-inflammatory drugs including corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and biologicals, is often the first step in the treatment of IBD. Therefore, IBD patients in pandemic of infectious diseases are considered a high-risk group. The public believes that IBD patients are at a higher risk in the current coronavirus 2 pandemic. Nevertheless, these patients may experience mild or moderate complications compared to healthy people. This might be because of particular anti-TNF-α treatment or any immunosuppressant that IBD patients receive. Moreover, these patients might be silent carrier for the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Haghayegh Baradaran Ghavami
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Habnam Shahrokh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
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