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Tolue Ghasaban F, Ghanei M, Mahmoudian RA, Taghehchian N, Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition in pancreatic tumor cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30599. [PMID: 38726188 PMCID: PMC11079401 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC), as one of the main endocrine and digestive systems malignancies has the highest cancer related mortality in the world. Lack of the evident clinical symptoms and appropriate diagnostic markers in the early stages of tumor progression are the main reasons of the high mortality rate among PC patients. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the molecular pathways involved in the PC progression, in order to introduce novel early diagnostic methods. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical cellular process associated with pancreatic tumor cells invasion and distant metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also important regulators of EMT process. In the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of EMT process during PC progression. It has been reported that the miRNAs mainly regulate the EMT process in pancreatic tumor cells through the regulation of EMT-specific transcription factors and several signaling pathways such as WNT, NOTCH, TGF-β, JAK/STAT, and PI3K/AKT. Considering the high stability of miRNAs in body fluids and their role in regulation of EMT process, they can be introduced as the non-invasive diagnostic markers in the early stages of malignant pancreatic tumors. This review paves the way to introduce a non-invasive EMT based panel marker for the early tumor detection among PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Tolue Ghasaban
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghanei
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Tanaka-Yano M, Zong L, Park B, Yanai H, Tekin-Turhan F, Blackshear PJ, Beerman I. Tristetraprolin overexpression drives hematopoietic changes in young and middle-aged mice generating dominant mitigating effects on induced inflammation in murine models. GeroScience 2024; 46:1271-1284. [PMID: 37535204 PMCID: PMC10828162 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP), encoded by Zfp36 in mice, is one of the best-characterized tandem zinc-finger mRNA binding proteins involved in mRNA deadenylation and decay. TTPΔARE mice lack an AU-rich motif in the 3'-untranslated regions of TTP mRNA, leading to increased TTP mRNA stability and more TTP protein, resulting in elevated mRNA decay rates of TTP targets. We examined the effect of TTP overexpression on the hematopoietic system in both young and middle-aged mice using TTPΔARE mice and found alterations in blood cell frequencies, with loss of platelets and B220 cells and gains of eosinophils and T cells. TTPΔARE mice also have skewed primitive populations in the bone marrow, with increases in myeloid-biased hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) but decreases in granulocyte/macrophage-biased multipotent progenitors (MPP3) in both young and middle-aged mice. Changes in the primitive cells' frequencies were associated with transcriptional alterations in the TTP overexpression cells specific to age as well as cell type. Regardless of age, there was a consistent elevation of transcripts regulated by TNFα and TGFβ signaling pathways in both the stem and multipotent progenitor populations. HSCs with TTP overexpression had decreased reconstitution potential in murine transplants but generated hematopoietic environments that mitigated the inflammatory response to the collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) challenge, which models rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune disorders. This dampening of the inflammatory response was even present when there was only a small frequency of TTP overexpressing cells present in the middle-aged mice. We provide an analysis of the early hematopoietic compartments with elevated TTP expression in both young and middle-aged mice which inhibits the reconstitution potential of the HSCs but generates a hematopoietic system that provides dominant repression of induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Tanaka-Yano
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Le Zong
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Bongsoo Park
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Hagai Yanai
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ferda Tekin-Turhan
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Isabel Beerman
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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Al-Yahya S, Al-Saif M, Al-Ghamdi M, Moghrabi W, Khabar KS, Al-Souhibani N. Post-transcriptional regulation of BIRC5/survivin expression and induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells by tristetraprolin. RNA Biol 2024; 21:1-15. [PMID: 38111129 PMCID: PMC10761079 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2286101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of apoptosis is one of the hallmarks of cancer and is a target of various therapeutic interventions. BIRC5 is an inhibitor of apoptosis that is aberrantly expressed in cancer leading to sustained growth of tumours. Post-transcriptional control mechanisms involving RNA-binding proteins and AU-rich elements (AREs) are fundamental to many cellular processes and changes in the expression or function of these proteins can promote an aberrant and pathological phenotype. BIRC5 mRNA has an ARE in its 3' UTR making it a candidate for regulation by the RNA binding proteins tristetraprolin (TTP) and HuR (ELAVL1). In this study, we investigated the binding of TTP and HuR by RNA-immunoprecipitation assays and found that these proteins were associated with BIRC5 mRNA to varying extents. Consequently, BIRC5 expression decreased when TTP was overexpressed and apoptosis was induced. In the absence of TTP, BIRC5 mRNA was stabilized, protein expression increased and the number of apoptotic cells declined. As an ARE-mRNA stabilizing protein, recombinant HuR led to upregulation of BIRC5 expression, whereas HuR silencing was concomitant with downregulation of BIRC5 mRNA and protein and increased cell death. Survival analyses demonstrated that increased TTP and low BIRC5 expression predicted an overall better prognosis compared to dysregulated TTP and high BIRC5. Thus, the results present a novel target of ARE-mediated post-transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhad Al-Yahya
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Al-Saif
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Al-Ghamdi
- Biomedical Physics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Moghrabi
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S.A. Khabar
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Al-Souhibani
- Molecular Biomedicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Varesi A, Campagnoli LIM, Barbieri A, Rossi L, Ricevuti G, Esposito C, Chirumbolo S, Marchesi N, Pascale A. RNA binding proteins in senescence: A potential common linker for age-related diseases? Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101958. [PMID: 37211318 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Aging represents the major risk factor for the onset and/or progression of various disorders including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and bone-related defects. As the average age of the population is predicted to exponentially increase in the coming years, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of aging-related diseases and the discovery of new therapeutic approaches remain pivotal. Well-reported hallmarks of aging are cellular senescence, genome instability, autophagy impairment, mitochondria dysfunction, dysbiosis, telomere attrition, metabolic dysregulation, epigenetic alterations, low-grade chronic inflammation, stem cell exhaustion, altered cell-to-cell communication and impaired proteostasis. With few exceptions, however, many of the molecular players implicated within these processes as well as their role in disease development remain largely unknown. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are known to regulate gene expression by dictating at post-transcriptional level the fate of nascent transcripts. Their activity ranges from directing primary mRNA maturation and trafficking to modulation of transcript stability and/or translation. Accumulating evidence has shown that RBPs are emerging as key regulators of aging and aging-related diseases, with the potential to become new diagnostic and therapeutic tools to prevent or delay aging processes. In this review, we summarize the role of RBPs in promoting cellular senescence and we highlight their dysregulation in the pathogenesis and progression of the main aging-related diseases, with the aim of encouraging further investigations that will help to better disclose this novel and captivating molecular scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Varesi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | | | - Annalisa Barbieri
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Rossi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ciro Esposito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy; Nephrology and dialysis unit, ICS S. Maugeri SPA SB Hospital, Pavia, Italy; High School in Geriatrics, University of Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta Marchesi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessia Pascale
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Guha A, Husain MA, Si Y, Nabors LB, Filippova N, Promer G, Smith R, King PH. RNA regulation of inflammatory responses in glia and its potential as a therapeutic target in central nervous system disorders. Glia 2023; 71:485-508. [PMID: 36380708 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A major hallmark of neuroinflammation is the activation of microglia and astrocytes with the induction of inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-6. Neuroinflammation contributes to disease progression in a plethora of neurological disorders ranging from acute CNS trauma to chronic neurodegenerative disease. Posttranscriptional pathways of mRNA stability and translational efficiency are major drivers for the expression of these inflammatory mediators. A common element in this level of regulation centers around the adenine- and uridine-rich element (ARE) which is present in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the mRNAs encoding these inflammatory mediators. (ARE)-binding proteins (AUBPs) such as Human antigen R (HuR), Tristetraprolin (TTP) and KH- type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) are key nodes for directing these posttranscriptional pathways and either promote (HuR) or suppress (TTP and KSRP) glial production of inflammatory mediators. This review will discuss basic concepts of ARE-mediated RNA regulation and its impact on glial-driven neuroinflammatory diseases. We will discuss strategies to target this novel level of gene regulation for therapeutic effect and review exciting preliminary studies that underscore its potential for treating neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Guha
- Department Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mohammed Amir Husain
- Department Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ying Si
- Department Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - L Burt Nabors
- Department Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Natalia Filippova
- Department Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Grace Promer
- Department Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Reed Smith
- Department Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Peter H King
- Department Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Birmingham Department of Veterans Health Care System, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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Mehta M, Raguraman R, Ramesh R, Munshi A. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and their role in DNA damage and radiation response in cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114569. [PMID: 36252617 PMCID: PMC10411638 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally majority of eukaryotic gene expression is influenced by transcriptional and post-transcriptional events. Alterations in the expression of proteins that act post-transcriptionally can affect cellular signaling and homeostasis. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are a family of proteins that specifically bind to RNAs and are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and important cellular processes such as cell differentiation and metabolism. Deregulation of RNA-RBP interactions and any changes in RBP expression or function can lead to various diseases including cancer. In cancer cells, RBPs play an important role in regulating the expression of tumor suppressors and oncoproteins involved in various cell-signaling pathways. Several RBPs such as HuR, AUF1, RBM38, LIN28, RBM24, tristetrapolin family and Musashi play critical roles in various types of cancers and their aberrant expression in cancer cells makes them an attractive therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this review we provide an overview of i). RBPs involved in cancer progression and their mechanism of action ii). the role of RBPs, including HuR, in breast cancer progression and DNA damage response and iii). explore RBPs with emphasis on HuR as therapeutic target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Mehta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA
| | - Rajeswari Raguraman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA
| | - Rajagopal Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA
| | - Anupama Munshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA.
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Gong Z, Li Q, Shi J, Wei J, Li P, Chang CH, Shultz LD, Ren G. Lung fibroblasts facilitate pre-metastatic niche formation by remodeling the local immune microenvironment. Immunity 2022; 55:1483-1500.e9. [PMID: 35908547 PMCID: PMC9830653 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Primary tumors are drivers of pre-metastatic niche formation, but the coordination by the secondary organ toward metastatic dissemination is underappreciated. Here, by single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence, we identified a population of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)-expressing adventitial fibroblasts that remodeled the lung immune microenvironment. At steady state, fibroblasts in the lungs produced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which drove dysfunctional dendritic cells (DCs) and suppressive monocytes. This lung-intrinsic stromal program was propagated by tumor-associated inflammation, particularly the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β, supporting a pre-metastatic niche. Genetic ablation of Ptgs2 (encoding COX-2) in fibroblasts was sufficient to reverse the immune-suppressive phenotypes of lung-resident myeloid cells, resulting in heightened immune activation and diminished lung metastasis in multiple breast cancer models. Moreover, the anti-metastatic activity of DC-based therapy and PD-1 blockade was improved by fibroblast-specific Ptgs2 deletion or dual inhibition of PGE2 receptors EP2 and EP4. Collectively, lung-resident fibroblasts reshape the local immune landscape to facilitate breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Gong
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Qing Li
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Jiayuan Shi
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Jian Wei
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Peishan Li
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | | | - Guangwen Ren
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
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Sobolewski C, Dubuquoy L, Legrand N. MicroRNAs, Tristetraprolin Family Members and HuR: A Complex Interplay Controlling Cancer-Related Processes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143516. [PMID: 35884580 PMCID: PMC9319505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary AU-rich Element Binding Proteins (AUBPs) represent important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression by regulating mRNA decay and/or translation. Importantly, AUBPs can interfere with microRNA-dependent regulation by (i) competing with the same binding sites on mRNA targets, (ii) sequestering miRNAs, thereby preventing their binding to their specific targets or (iii) promoting miRNA-dependent regulation. These data highlight a new paradigm where both miRNA and RNA binding proteins form a complex regulatory network involved in physiological and pathological processes. However, this interplay is still poorly considered, and our current models do not integrate this level of complexity, thus potentially giving misleading interpretations regarding the role of these regulators in human cancers. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the crosstalks existing between HuR, tristetraprolin family members and microRNA-dependent regulation. Abstract MicroRNAs represent the most characterized post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Their altered expression importantly contributes to the development of a wide range of metabolic and inflammatory diseases but also cancers. Accordingly, a myriad of studies has suggested novel therapeutic approaches aiming at inhibiting or restoring the expression of miRNAs in human diseases. However, the influence of other trans-acting factors, such as long-noncoding RNAs or RNA-Binding-Proteins, which compete, interfere, or cooperate with miRNAs-dependent functions, indicate that this regulatory mechanism is much more complex than initially thought, thus questioning the current models considering individuals regulators. In this review, we discuss the interplay existing between miRNAs and the AU-Rich Element Binding Proteins (AUBPs), HuR and tristetraprolin family members (TTP, BRF1 and BRF2), which importantly control the fate of mRNA and whose alterations have also been associated with the development of a wide range of chronic disorders and cancers. Deciphering the interplay between these proteins and miRNAs represents an important challenge to fully characterize the post-transcriptional regulation of pro-tumorigenic processes and design new and efficient therapeutic approaches.
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Lee W, Kim S, An J, Kim TK, Cha H, Chang H, Kim S, Kim S, Han M. Tristetraprolin regulates phagocytosis through interaction with CD47 in head and neck cancer. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:541. [PMID: 35978923 PMCID: PMC9366311 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD47 is expressed in all human cancer cells, including head and neck cancer, and initiates a signaling cascade to inhibit macrophage phagocytosis. However, the mechanism underlying CD47 overexpression has not been elucidated in radioresistant head and neck cancer. The present study demonstrated that decreased Tristetraprolin (TTP) expression induced a sustained overexpression of CD47 using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, and that CD47 overexpression prevented phagocytosis using a phagocytosis assay in a radioresistant HN31R cell line. Subsequently, using TTP transfection, RNA interference, duel-luciferase assay and EMSA, it was revealed that TTP transfection enhanced phagocytosis through degradation of CD47 mRNA by directly binding to CD47 AREs within the CD47 3'UTR. Based on our previous study, methylation-specific PCR and western blotting revealed that DNMT1 was overexpressed in radioresistant HN31R cell line and TTP expression was decreased epigenetically by DMNT1 associated DNA methylation. Overall, these findings provided novel insight into the role of TTP as a biomarker of CD47-positive head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae An
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Koon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Cha
- Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea
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LncRNA MBNL1-AS1 Represses Proliferation and Cancer Stem-Like Properties of Breast Cancer through MBNL1-AS1/ZFP36/CENPA Axis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9999343. [PMID: 35518784 PMCID: PMC9064507 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9999343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Emerging studies have revealed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were key regulators of cancer progression. In this research, the expression and roles of MBNL1-AS1 were explored in breast cancer (BC). Methods In this study, the MBNL1-AS1 expression in breast cancer tissue, as well as in cell line, was studied by qRT-PCR assays. The effects of MBNL1-AS1 on proliferation and stemness were evaluated by MTT assays, colony formation assays, orthotopic breast tumor mice models, extreme limiting dilution analysis (ELDA), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), flow cytometry assays, and sphere formation assays. Flexmap 3D assays were performed to show that MBNL1-AS1 downregulated the centromere protein A (CENPA) secretion in BC cells. Western blot, RNA pull-down assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, and FISH were conducted to detect the mechanism. Results The results showed that the expression levels of MBNL1-AS1 were downregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that overexpression of MBNL1-AS1 markedly inhibited BC cells proliferation and stemness. RNA pull-down assay, RIP assay, western blot assay, and qRT-PCR assay showed that MBNL1-AS1 downregulated CENPA mRNA via directly interacting with Zinc Finger Protein 36 (ZFP36) and subsequently decreased the stability of CENPA mRNA. Restoration assays also confirmed that MBNL1-AS1 suppressed the CENPA-mediated proliferation and stemness in breast cancer cells. Conclusions The new mechanism of how MBNL1-AS1 regulates BC phenotype is elucidated, and the MBNL1-AS1/ZFP36/CENPA axis may be served as a therapeutic target for BC patients.
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Persano F, Gigli G, Leporatti S. Natural Compounds as Promising Adjuvant Agents in The Treatment of Gliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3360. [PMID: 35328780 PMCID: PMC8955269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, glioblastoma is the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumor. Usually, glioblastoma has specific characteristics, such as aggressive cell proliferation and rapid invasion of surrounding brain tissue, leading to a poor patient prognosis. The current therapy-which provides a multidisciplinary approach with surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide-is not very efficient since it faces clinical challenges such as tumor heterogeneity, invasiveness, and chemoresistance. In this respect, natural substances in the diet, integral components in the lifestyle medicine approach, can be seen as potential chemotherapeutics. There are several epidemiological studies that have shown the chemopreventive role of natural dietary compounds in cancer progression and development. These heterogeneous compounds can produce anti-glioblastoma effects through upregulation of apoptosis and autophagy; allowing the promotion of cell cycle arrest; interfering with tumor metabolism; and permitting proliferation, neuroinflammation, chemoresistance, angiogenesis, and metastasis inhibition. Although these beneficial effects are promising, the efficacy of natural compounds in glioblastoma is limited due to their bioavailability and blood-brain barrier permeability. Thereby, further clinical trials are necessary to confirm the in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties of natural compounds. In this article, we overview the role of several natural substances in the treatment of glioblastoma by considering the challenges to be overcome and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Persano
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, Via Per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, Via Per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefano Leporatti
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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12
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Xiao P, Li M, Zhou M, Zhao X, Wang C, Qiu J, Fang Q, Jiang H, Dong H, Zhou R. TTP protects against acute liver failure by regulating CCL2 and CCL5 through m6A RNA methylation. JCI Insight 2021; 6:149276. [PMID: 34877932 PMCID: PMC8675193 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.149276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP), an important immunosuppressive protein regulating mRNA decay through recognition of the AU-rich elements (AREs) within the 3′-UTRs of mRNAs, participates in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. However, whether TTP regulates mRNA stability through other mechanisms remains poorly understood. Here, we report that TTP was upregulated in acute liver failure (ALF), resulting in decreased mRNA stabilities of CCL2 and CCL5 through promotion of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA methylation. Overexpression of TTP could markedly ameliorate hepatic injury in vivo. TTP regulated the mRNA stabilization of CCL2 and CCL5. Interestingly, increased m6A methylation in CCL2 and CCL5 mRNAs promoted TTP-mediated RNA destabilization. Moreover, induction of TTP upregulated expression levels of WT1 associated protein, methyltransferase like 14, and YT521-B homology N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2, which encode enzymes regulating m6A methylation, resulting in a global increase of m6A methylation and amelioration of liver injury due to enhanced degradation of CCL2 and CCL5. These findings suggest a potentially novel mechanism by which TTP modulates mRNA stabilities of CCL2 and CCL5 through m6A RNA methylation, which is involved in the pathogenesis of ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Xiao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and.,Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Mingxuan Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and
| | - Mengsi Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and
| | - Xuejun Zhao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and.,Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and
| | - Jinglin Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Qian Fang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and.,Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huifen Dong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and.,Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and.,Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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13
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Ok K, Filipovic MR, Michel SLJ. Targeting Zinc Finger Proteins with Exogenous Metals and Molecules: Lessons learned from Tristetraprolin, a CCCH type Zinc Finger. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021; 2021:3795-3805. [PMID: 34867080 PMCID: PMC8635303 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
ZF proteins are ubiquitous eukaryotic proteins that play important roles in gene regulation. ZFs contain small domains made up of a combination of four cysteine and histidine residues, and are classified based up on the identity of these residues and their spacing. One emerging class of ZFs are the Cys3His (or CCCH) class of ZFs. These ZFs play key roles in regulating RNA. In this minireview, an overview of the CCCH class of ZFs, with a focus on tristetraprolin (TTP) is provided. TTP regulates inflammation by controlling cytokine mRNAs, and there is an interest in modulating TTP activity to control inflammation. Two methods to control TTP activity are to target with exogenous metals (a 'metals in medicine' approach) or to target with endogenous signaling molecules. Work that has been done to target TTP with Fe, Cu, Cd and Au as well as with H2S is reviewed. This includes attention to new methods that have been developed to monitor metal exchange with the spectroscopically silent ZnII including native electro-spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), spin-filter inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and cryo-electro-spray mass spectrometry (CSI-MS); along with fluorescence anisotropy (FA) to follow RNA binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwon Ok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische, Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sarah L J Michel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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14
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Yang X, Chen B, Zhang M, Xu S, Shuai Z. Tristetraprolin Gene Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and mRNA Level in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:728015. [PMID: 34539409 PMCID: PMC8440805 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.728015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To observe and evaluate the correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and messenger RNA (mRNA) level related to tristetraprolin (TTP) in Chinese rheumatoid arthritis (RA). TapMan SNP was used for genotyping analysis in 580 RA patients and 554 healthy people. Association between TTP gene polymorphisms (rs251864 and rs3746083) and RA was obtained. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technology was applied for the detection of TTP mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in 36 RA patients and 37 healthy people. We observed that the allele T of TTP rs3746083 increased RA susceptibility (p = 0.019). A significant difference was found under the dominant model of rs3746083 (p = 0.037). Further analysis showed the allele distribution of rs3746083 was nominally correlated with RF phenotype of RA patients (p = 0.045). Nevertheless, the association between TTP rs251864 and the incidence of RA was no statistically significant (p > 0.05). The TTP expression level in PBMCs of RA patients was significantly reduced (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the results of this experiment support that TTP may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chaohu Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Department of Medical Record Room, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Shengqian Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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15
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Al‐Qahtani QH, Moghrabi WN, Al‐Yahya S, Al‐Haj L, Al‐Saif M, Mahmoud L, Al‐Mohanna F, Al‐Souhibani N, Alaiya A, Hitti E, Khabar KSA. Kinome inhibition reveals a role for polo-like kinase 1 in targeting post-transcriptional control in cancer. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2120-2139. [PMID: 33411958 PMCID: PMC8334256 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions in post-transcriptional control are observed in cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases. Here, we employed a kinome inhibitor library (n = 378) in a reporter system selective for 3'-untranslated region-AU-rich elements (ARE). Fifteen inhibitors reduced the ARE-reporter activity; among the targets is the polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). RNA-seq experiments demonstrated that the PLK1 inhibitor, volasertib, reduces the expression of cytokine and cell growth ARE mRNAs. PLK1 inhibition caused accelerated mRNA decay in cancer cells and was associated with reduced phosphorylation and stability of the mRNA decay-promoting protein, tristetraprolin (ZFP36/TTP). Ectopic expression of PLK1 increased abundance and stability of high molecular weight of ZFP36/TTP likely of the phosphorylated form. PLK1 effect was associated with the MAPK-MK2 pathway, a major regulator of ARE-mRNA stability, as evident from MK2 inhibition, in vitro phosphorylation, and knockout experiments. Mutational analysis demonstrates that TTP serine 186 is a target for PLK1 effect. Treatment of mice with the PLK1 inhibitor reduced both ZFP36/TTP phosphorylation in xenograft tumor tissues, and the tumor size. In cancer patients' tissues, PLK1/ARE-regulated gene cluster was overexpressed in solid tumors and associated with poor survival. The data showed that PLK1-mediated post-transcriptional aberration could be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamraa H. Al‐Qahtani
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
- Present address:
Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid N. Moghrabi
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
| | - Suhad Al‐Yahya
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
| | - Latifa Al‐Haj
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
| | - Maher Al‐Saif
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
| | - Linah Mahmoud
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
| | - Falah Al‐Mohanna
- Department of Comparative MedicineKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Norah Al‐Souhibani
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
| | - Ayodele Alaiya
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
| | - Edward Hitti
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S. A. Khabar
- Molecular BioMedicine ProgramFaisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhKingSaudi Arabia
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16
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Jayachandran J, Srinivasan H, Mani KP. Molecular mechanism involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 710:108984. [PMID: 34252392 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process that plays an important role during embryonic development. During this process, the epithelial cells lose their polarity and acquire mesenchymal properties. In addition to embryonic development, EMT is also well-known to participate in tissue repair, inflammation, fibrosis, and tumor metastasis. In the present review, we address the basics of epithelial to mesenchymal transition during both development and disease conditions and emphasize the role of various transcription factors and miRNAs involved in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harini Srinivasan
- ASK-II, 212, Vascular Research Lab, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Krishna Priya Mani
- ASK-II, 212, Vascular Research Lab, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India.
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17
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Cao Y, Huang W, Wu F, Shang J, Ping F, Wang W, Li Y, Zhao X, Zhang X. ZFP36 protects lungs from intestinal I/R-induced injury and fibrosis through the CREBBP/p53/p21/Bax pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:685. [PMID: 34238924 PMCID: PMC8266850 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03950-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-associated pulmonary inflammation is associated with high rates of morbidity. Despite advances in the clinical management of lung disease, molecular therapeutic options for I/R-associated lung injury are limited. Zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36) is an AU-rich element-binding protein that is known to suppress the inflammatory response. A ZFP36 binding site occurs in the 3' UTR of the cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) binding protein (CREBBP) gene, which is known to interact with apoptotic proteins to promote apoptosis. In this study, we investigate the involvement of ZFP36 and CREBBP on I/R-induced lung injury in vivo and in vitro. Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) activates inflammatory responses, resulting in injury to different organs including the lung. Lung tissues from ZFP36-knockdown mice and mouse lung epithelial (MLE)-2 cells were subjected to either Intestinal I/R or hypoxia/reperfusion, respectively, and then analyzed by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR. Silico analyses, pull down and RIP assays were used to analyze the relationship between ZFP36 and CREBBP. ZFP36 deficiency upregulated CREBBP, enhanced I/R-induced lung injury, apoptosis, and inflammation, and increased I/R-induced lung fibrosis. In silico analyses indicated that ZFP36 was a strong negative regulator of CREBBP mRNA stability. Results of pull down and RIP assays confirmed that ZFP36 direct interacted with CREBBP mRNA. Our results indicated that ZFP36 can mediate the level of inflammation-associated lung damage following I/R via interactions with the CREBBP/p53/p21/Bax pathway. The downregulation of ZFP36 increased the level of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Jiawei Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Feng Ping
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Yingchuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 201499, China.
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tongji University Affiliated Tenth People's Hospital, No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Interventional Vascular, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P.R. China.
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18
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Brandis JEP, Zalesak SM, Kane MA, Michel SLJ. Cadmium Exchange with Zinc in the Non-Classical Zinc Finger Protein Tristetraprolin. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7697-7707. [PMID: 33999622 PMCID: PMC8501473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a nonclassical CCCH zinc finger protein that regulates inflammation. TTP targets AU-rich RNA sequences of cytokine mRNAs forming a TTP/mRNA complex. This complex is then degraded, switching off the inflammatory response. Cadmium, a known carcinogen, triggers proinflammatory effects, and there is evidence that Cd increases TTP expression in cells, suggesting that Zn-TTP may be a target for cadmium toxicity. We sought to determine whether Cd exchanges with Zn in the TTP active site and measure the effect of RNA binding on this exchange. A construct of TTP that contains the two CCCH domains (TTP-2D) was employed to investigate these interactions. A spin-filter ICP-MS experiment to quantify the metal that is bound to the ZF after metal exchange was performed, and it was determined that Cd exchanges with Zn in Zn2-TTP-2D and that Zn exchanges with Cd in Cd2-TTP-2D. A native ESI-MS experiment to identify the metal-ZF complexes formed after metal exchange was performed, and M-TTP-2D complexes with singular and double metal exchange were observed. Metal exchange was measured in both the absence and presence of TTP's partner RNA, with retention of RNA binding. These data show that Cd can exchange with Zn in TTP without affecting function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel E P Brandis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Stephanie M Zalesak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Maureen A Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Sarah L J Michel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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19
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Waddell A, Mahmud I, Ding H, Huo Z, Liao D. Pharmacological Inhibition of CBP/p300 Blocks Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERα) Function through Suppressing Enhancer H3K27 Acetylation in Luminal Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2799. [PMID: 34199844 PMCID: PMC8200112 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ER) is the oncogenic driver for ER+ breast cancer (BC). ER antagonists are the standard-of-care treatment for ER+ BC; however, primary and acquired resistance to these agents is common. CBP and p300 are critical ER co-activators and their acetyltransferase (KAT) domain and acetyl-lysine binding bromodomain (BD) represent tractable drug targets, but whether CBP/p300 inhibitors can effectively suppress ER signaling remains unclear. We report that the CBP/p300 KAT inhibitor A-485 and the BD inhibitor GNE-049 downregulate ER, attenuate estrogen-induced c-Myc and Cyclin D1 expression, and inhibit growth of ER+ BC cells through inducing senescence. Microarray and RNA-seq analysis demonstrates that A-485 or EP300 (encoding p300) knockdown globally inhibits expression of estrogen-regulated genes, confirming that ER inhibition is an on-target effect of A-485. Using ChIP-seq, we report that A-485 suppresses H3K27 acetylation in the enhancers of ER target genes (including MYC and CCND1) and this correlates with their decreased expression, providing a mechanism underlying how CBP/p300 inhibition downregulates ER gene network. Together, our results provide a preclinical proof-of-concept that CBP/p300 represent promising therapeutic targets in ER+ BC for inhibiting ER signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Waddell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Florida College of Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (A.W.); (I.M.)
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Florida College of Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (A.W.); (I.M.)
| | - Haocheng Ding
- Departments of Biostatistics, University Florida College of Medicine, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (H.D.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Departments of Biostatistics, University Florida College of Medicine, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (H.D.); (Z.H.)
| | - Daiqing Liao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Florida College of Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (A.W.); (I.M.)
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20
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Rodríguez-Gómez G, Paredes-Villa A, Cervantes-Badillo MG, Gómez-Sonora JP, Jorge-Pérez JH, Cervantes-Roldán R, León-Del-Río A. Tristetraprolin: A cytosolic regulator of mRNA turnover moonlighting as transcriptional corepressor of gene expression. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:137-147. [PMID: 33795191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a nucleocytoplasmic 326 amino acid protein whose sequence is characterized by possessing two CCCH-type zinc finger domains. In the cytoplasm TTP function is to promote the degradation of mRNAs that contain adenylate/uridylate-rich elements (AREs). Mechanistically, TTP promotes the recruitment of poly(A)-specific deadenylases and exoribonucleases. By reducing the half-life of about 10% of all the transcripts in the cell TTP has been shown to participate in multiple cell processes that include regulation of gene expression, cell proliferation, metabolic homeostasis and control of inflammation and immune responses. However, beyond its role in mRNA decay, in the cell nucleus TTP acts as a transcriptional coregulator by interacting with chromatin modifying enzymes. TTP has been shown to repress the transactivation of NF-κB and estrogen receptor suggesting the possibility that it participates in the transcriptional regulation of hundreds of genes in human cells and its possible involvement in breast cancer progression. In this review, we discuss the cytoplasmic and nuclear functions of TTP and the effect of the dysregulation of its protein levels in the development of human diseases. We suggest that TTP be classified as a moonlighting tumor supressor protein that regulates gene expression through two different mechanims; the decay of ARE-mRNAs and a transcriptional coregulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rodríguez-Gómez
- Programa de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Paredes-Villa
- Programa de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Mayte Guadalupe Cervantes-Badillo
- Programa de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Jessica Paola Gómez-Sonora
- Programa de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Jesús H Jorge-Pérez
- Programa de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Rafael Cervantes-Roldán
- Programa de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alfonso León-Del-Río
- Programa de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
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21
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Deficiency of Tristetraprolin Triggers Hyperthermia through Enhancing Hypothalamic Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073328. [PMID: 33805094 PMCID: PMC8037390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP), an RNA-binding protein, controls the stability of RNA by capturing AU-rich elements on their target genes. It has recently been identified that TTP serves as an anti-inflammatory protein by guiding the unstable mRNAs of pro-inflammatory proteins in multiple cells. However, it has not yet been investigated whether TTP affects the inflammatory responses in the hypothalamus. Since hypothalamic inflammation is tightly coupled to the disturbance of energy homeostasis, we designed the current study to investigate whether TTP regulates hypothalamic inflammation and thereby affects energy metabolism by utilizing TTP-deficient mice. We observed that deficiency of TTP led to enhanced hypothalamic inflammation via stimulation of a variety of pro-inflammatory genes. In addition, microglial activation occurred in the hypothalamus, which was accompanied by an enhanced inflammatory response. In line with these molecular and cellular observations, we finally confirmed that deficiency of TTP results in elevated core body temperature and energy expenditure. Taken together, our findings unmask novel roles of hypothalamic TTP on energy metabolism, which is linked to inflammatory responses in hypothalamic microglial cells.
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22
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LncRNA DLEU2 promotes cervical cancer cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle and NOTCH pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 402:112551. [PMID: 33675808 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to play a crucial role in the onset and progression of cervical cancer (CC). Here, the results of RNA microarray and RNA-sequencing dataset analysis showed that lncRNA DLEU2 was significantly upregulated in CC tissues. Clinicopathologic analysis indicated that lncRNA DLEU2 was closely related to tumor topography. Functional experiments and bioinformatics analysis revealed that lncRNA DLEU2 promoted CC cell proliferation and accelerated the cell cycle. Mechanistically, lncRNA DLEU2 promoted the progression of the cell cycle and inhibited the activity of the Notch signaling pathway by inhibiting p53 expression. Additionally, lncRNA DLEU2 probably interacted with ZFP36 Ring Finger Protein (ZFP36) to inhibit the expression of p53. In conclusion, this study revealed the function of lncRNA DLEU2 in CC tumorigenesis, suggesting new therapeutic targets in CC.
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23
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Che Mat MF, Mohamad Hanif EA, Abdul Murad NA, Ibrahim K, Harun R, Jamal R. Silencing of ZFP36L2 increases sensitivity to temozolomide through G2/M cell cycle arrest and BAX mediated apoptosis in GBM cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1493-1503. [PMID: 33590411 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advancements in primary brain tumour diagnoses and treatments, the mortality rate remains high, particularly in glioblastoma (GBM). Chemoresistance, predominantly in recurrent cases, results in decreased mean survival of patients with GBM. We aimed to determine the chemosensitisation and oncogenic characteristics of zinc finger protein 36-like 2 (ZFP36L2) in LN18 GBM cells via RNA interference (RNAi) delivery. We conducted a meta-analysis of microarray datasets and RNAi screening using pooled small interference RNA (siRNA) to identify the druggable genes responsive to GBM chemosensitivity. Temozolomide-resistant LN18 cells were used to evaluate the effects of gene silencing on chemosensitisation to the sub-lethal dose (1/10 of the median inhibitory concentration [IC50]) of temozolomide. ZFP36L2 protein expression was detected by western blotting. Cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis assays were carried out using commercial kits. A human apoptosis array kit was used to determine the apoptosis pathway underlying chemosensitisation by siRNA against ZFP36L2 (siZFP36L2). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance; p > 0.05 was considered significant. The meta-analysis and RNAi screening identified ZFP36L2 as a potential marker of GBM. ZFP36L2 knockdown significantly induced apoptosis (p < 0.05). Moreover, ZFP36L2 inhibition led to increased cell cycle arrest and decreased cell proliferation. Downstream analysis showed that the sub-lethal dose of temozolomide and siZFP26L2 caused major upregulation of BCL2-associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX). ZFP36L2 has oncogenic and chemosensitive characteristics and may play an important role in gliomagenesis through cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This suggests that RNAi combined with chemotherapy treatment such as temozolomide may be a potential GBM therapeutic intervention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Firdaus Che Mat
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Centre, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ezanee Azlina Mohamad Hanif
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Centre, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azian Abdul Murad
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Centre, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamariah Ibrahim
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Centre, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roslan Harun
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Centre, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Centre, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Abstract
Posttranscriptional control of mRNA regulates various biological processes, including inflammatory and immune responses. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) bind cis-regulatory elements in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNA and regulate mRNA turnover and translation. In particular, eight RBPs (TTP, AUF1, KSRP, TIA-1/TIAR, Roquin, Regnase, HuR, and Arid5a) have been extensively studied and are key posttranscriptional regulators of inflammation and immune responses. These RBPs sometimes collaboratively or competitively bind the same target mRNA to enhance or dampen regulatory activities. These RBPs can also bind their own 3' UTRs to negatively or positively regulate their expression. Both upstream signaling pathways and microRNA regulation shape the interactions between RBPs and target RNA. Dysregulation of RBPs results in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Here, we summarize the functional roles of these eight RBPs in immunity and their associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuo Akira
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0874, Japan.,Department of Host Defense, Division of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0874, Japan;
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0874, Japan.,Department of Host Defense, Division of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0874, Japan;
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25
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Bertesi M, Fantini S, Alecci C, Lotti R, Martello A, Parenti S, Carretta C, Marconi A, Grande A, Pincelli C, Zanocco-Marani T. Promoter Methylation Leads to Decreased ZFP36 Expression and Deregulated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Psoriatic Fibroblasts. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:579383. [PMID: 33585499 PMCID: PMC7874095 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.579383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mRNA-destabilizing protein tristetraprolin (TTP), encoded by the ZFP36 gene, is known to be able to end inflammatory responses by directly targeting and destabilizing mRNAs encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines. We analyzed its role in psoriasis, a disease characterized by chronic inflammation. We observed that TTP is downregulated in fibroblasts deriving from psoriasis patients compared to those deriving from healthy individuals and that psoriatic fibroblasts exhibit abnormal inflammasome activity compared to their physiological counterpart. This phenomenon depends on TTP downregulation. In fact, following restoration, TTP is capable of directly targeting for degradation NLRP3 mRNA, thereby drastically decreasing inflammasome activation. Moreover, we provide evidence that ZFP36 undergoes methylation in psoriasis, by virtue of the presence of long stretches of CpG dinucleotides both in the promoter and the coding region. Besides confirming that a perturbation of TTP expression might underlie the pathogenesis of psoriasis, we suggest that deregulated inflammasome activity might play a role in the disease alongside deregulated cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bertesi
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sebastian Fantini
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Claudia Alecci
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberta Lotti
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Martello
- University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Parenti
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Carretta
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marconi
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alexis Grande
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Pincelli
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Zanocco-Marani
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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26
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Kanakamani S, Suresh PS, Venkatesh T. Regulation of processing bodies: From viruses to cancer epigenetic machinery. Cell Biol Int 2020; 45:708-719. [PMID: 33325125 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Processing bodies (PBs) are 100-300 nm cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein particle (mRNP) granules that regulate eukaryotic gene expression. These cytoplasmic compartments harbor messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and several proteins involved in mRNA decay, microRNA silencing, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and splicing. Though membrane-less, PB structures are maintained by RNA-protein and protein-protein interactions. PB proteins have intrinsically disordered regions and low complexity domains, which account for its liquid to liquid phase separation. In addition to being dynamic and actively involved in the exchange of materials with other mRNPs and organelles, they undergo changes on various cellular cues and environmental stresses, including viral infections. Interestingly, several PB proteins are individually implicated in cancer development, and no study has addressed the effects on PB dynamics after epigenetic modifications of cancer-associated PB genes. In the current review, we summarize modulations undergone by P bodies or P body components upon viral infections. Furthermore, we discuss the selective and widely investigated PB proteins that undergo methylation changes in cancer and their potential as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmathy Kanakamani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasargod, India
| | - Padmanaban S Suresh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, India
| | - Thejaswini Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasargod, India
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27
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Dolicka D, Sobolewski C, Gjorgjieva M, Correia de Sousa M, Berthou F, De Vito C, Colin DJ, Bejuy O, Fournier M, Maeder C, Blackshear PJ, Rubbia-Brandt L, Foti M. Tristetraprolin Promotes Hepatic Inflammation and Tumor Initiation but Restrains Cancer Progression to Malignancy. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:597-621. [PMID: 32987153 PMCID: PMC7806869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a key post-transcriptional regulator of inflammatory and oncogenic transcripts. Accordingly, TTP was reported to act as a tumor suppressor in specific cancers. Herein, we investigated how TTP contributes to the development of liver inflammation and fibrosis, which are key drivers of hepatocarcinogenesis, as well as to the onset and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS TTP expression was investigated in mouse/human models of hepatic metabolic diseases and cancer. The role of TTP in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and HCC development was further examined through in vivo/vitro approaches using liver-specific TTP knockout mice and a panel of hepatic cancer cells. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that TTP loss in vivo strongly restrains development of hepatic steatosis and inflammation/fibrosis in mice fed a methionine/choline-deficient diet, as well as HCC development induced by the carcinogen diethylnitrosamine. In contrast, low TTP expression fostered migration and invasion capacities of in vitro transformed hepatic cancer cells likely by unleashing expression of key oncogenes previously associated with these cancerous features. Consistent with these data, TTP was significantly down-regulated in high-grade human HCC, a feature further correlating with poor clinical prognosis. Finally, we uncover hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha and early growth response 1, two key transcription factors lost with hepatocyte dedifferentiation, as key regulators of TTP expression. CONCLUSIONS Although TTP importantly contributes to hepatic inflammation and cancer initiation, its loss with hepatocyte dedifferentiation fosters cancer cells migration and invasion. Loss of TTP may represent a clinically relevant biomarker of high-grade HCC associated with poor prognosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/immunology
- Carcinogenesis/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Datasets as Topic
- Diethylnitrosamine/administration & dosage
- Diethylnitrosamine/toxicity
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Hepatocytes
- Humans
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis/immunology
- Liver Cirrhosis/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemistry
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- Primary Cell Culture
- Prognosis
- RNA-Seq
- Survival Analysis
- Tristetraprolin/genetics
- Tristetraprolin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobrochna Dolicka
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Sobolewski
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Monika Gjorgjieva
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Correia de Sousa
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flavien Berthou
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claudio De Vito
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier J Colin
- Centre for Biomedical Imaging and Preclinical Imaging Platform, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Bejuy
- Centre for Biomedical Imaging and Preclinical Imaging Platform, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margot Fournier
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christine Maeder
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | | | - Michelangelo Foti
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Translational Research Centre in Onco-haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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28
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Sun X, Zhang H, Xie L, Qian C, Ye Y, Mao H, Wang B, Zhang H, Zhang Y, He X, Zhang S. Tristetraprolin destabilizes NOX2 mRNA and protects dopaminergic neurons from oxidative damage in Parkinson's disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:15047-15061. [PMID: 32954540 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902967r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP), an RNA-binding protein encoded by the ZFP36 gene, is vital for neural differentiation; however, its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear. To explore the role of TTP in PD, an in vitro 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) cell model and an in vivo 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) of PD were used. Transfection of small interfering (si)-TTP RNA upregulated pro-oxidative NOX2 expression and ROS formation, downregulated anti-oxidative GSH and SOD activity;si-TTP upregulated pro-apoptotic cleaved-caspase-3 expression, and downregulated antiapoptotic Bcl-2 expression; while overexpression (OE)-TTP lentivirus caused opposite effects. Through database prediction, luciferase experiment, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and mRNA stability analysis, we evaluated the potential binding sites of TTP to 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of NOX2 mRNA. TTP affected the NOX2 luciferase activity by binding to two sites in the NOX2 3'-UTR. RIP-qPCR confirmed TTP binding to both sites, with a higher affinity for site-2. In addition, TTP reduced the NOX2 mRNA stability. si-NOX2 and antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) reversed si-TTP-induced cell apoptosis. In MPTP-treated mice, TTP expression increased and was co-located with dopaminergic neurons. TTP also inhibited NOX2 and decreased the oxidative stress in vivo. In conclusion, TTP protects against dopaminergic oxidative injury by promoting NOX2 mRNA degradation in the MPP+ /MPTP model of PD, suggesting that TTP could be a potential therapeutic target for regulating the oxidative stress in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linghai Xie
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Qian
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyi Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengxu Mao
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoyan Wang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Tarbut V'Torah Community Day School, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xiaozheng He
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Zanfi ED, Fantini S, Lotti R, Bertesi M, Marconi A, Grande A, Manfredini R, Pincelli C, Zanocco-Marani T. Wnt/CTNNB1 Signal Transduction Pathway Inhibits the Expression of ZFP36 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma, by Inducing Transcriptional Repressors SNAI1, SLUG and TWIST. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165692. [PMID: 32784485 PMCID: PMC7461120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/CTNNB1 pathway is often deregulated in epithelial tumors. The ZFP36 gene, encoding the mRNA binding protein Tristetraprolin (TTP), is downregulated in several cancers, where it has been described to behave as a tumor suppressor. By this report, we show that Wnt/CTNNB1 pathway is constitutively activated, and ZFP36 expression is downregulated in Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) cell lines compared to normal keratinocytes. Moreover, we suggest that the decrease of ZFP36 expression might depend on the activity of transcriptional repressors SNAI1, SLUG and TWIST, whose expression is induced by Wnt/CTNNB1, highlighting a potential regulatory mechanism underlying ZFP36 downregulation in epithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma D. Zanfi
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Sebastian Fantini
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberta Lotti
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.L.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Matteo Bertesi
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Alessandra Marconi
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.L.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Alexis Grande
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Rossella Manfredini
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Carlo Pincelli
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.L.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Tommaso Zanocco-Marani
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence:
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30
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Chen W, Chen M, Zhao Z, Weng Q, Song J, Fang S, Wu X, Wang H, Zhang D, Yang W, Wang Z, Xu M, Ji J. ZFP36 Binds With PRC1 to Inhibit Tumor Growth and Increase 5-Fu Chemosensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:126. [PMID: 32766276 PMCID: PMC7381195 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth common cause of tumor-related death worldwide. ZFP36, a RNA-binding protein, decreases in many cancers and its role in HCC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which ZFP36 inhibited HCC progression and increased fluorouracil (5-Fu) sensitivity. We found that ZFP36 was downregulated and PRC1 was upregulated in HCC tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. In vitro investigation presented that ZFP36 acted as a tumor suppressor, while overexpression of PRC1 increased cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. Further investigations demonstrated that overexpression of ZFP36 inhibited tumor growth and promoted 5-Fu sensitivity in xenograft tumor mice model, which could be reversed when PRC1 overexpressed simultaneously. Luciferase reporter assays and Ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that ZFP36 could bind to adenylate uridylate-rich elements located in PRC1 mRNA 3′UTR to downregulate PRC1 expression. Taken together, our findings identified that ZFP36 regulated PRC1 to exert anti-tumor effect, which suggested a potential therapeutic strategy for treating HCC by exploiting ZFP36/PRC1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqian Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Shiji Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Xulu Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Dengke Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Weibin Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Zufei Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Min Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
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Ward AB, Keeton AB, Chen X, Mattox TE, Coley AB, Maxuitenko YY, Buchsbaum DJ, Randall TD, Zhou G, Piazza GA. Enhancing anticancer activity of checkpoint immunotherapy by targeting RAS. MedComm (Beijing) 2020; 1:121-128. [PMID: 33073260 PMCID: PMC7567124 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30% of human cancers harbor a gain‐in‐function mutation in the RAS gene, resulting in constitutive activation of the RAS protein to stimulate downstream signaling, including the RAS‐mitogen activated protein kinase pathway that drives cancer cells to proliferate and metastasize. RAS‐driven oncogenesis also promotes immune evasion by increasing the expression of programmed cell death ligand‐1, reducing the expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules that present antigens to T‐lymphocytes and altering the expression of cytokines that promote the differentiation and accumulation of immune suppressive cell types such as myeloid‐derived suppressor cells, regulatory T‐cells, and cancer‐associated fibroblasts. Together, these changes lead to an immune suppressive tumor microenvironment that impedes T‐cell activation and infiltration and promotes the outgrowth and metastasis of tumor cells. As a result, despite the growing success of checkpoint immunotherapy, many patients with RAS‐driven tumors experience resistance to therapy and poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, RAS inhibitors in development have the potential to weaken cancer cell immune evasion and enhance the antitumor immune response to improve survival of patients with RAS‐driven cancers. This review highlights the potential of RAS inhibitors to enhance or broaden the anticancer activity of currently available checkpoint immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio B Ward
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| | - Adam B Keeton
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| | - Xi Chen
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| | - Tyler E Mattox
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| | - Alex B Coley
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| | - Yulia Y Maxuitenko
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| | - Donald J Buchsbaum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Troy D Randall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Gang Zhou
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Gary A Piazza
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
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Luo F, Xu R, Song G, Xue D, He X, Xia Y. Alleviation of TGF-β1 induced tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the δ-opioid receptor. FEBS J 2020; 288:1243-1258. [PMID: 32563195 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathological feature of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is indicated that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays as a central mediator in renal fibrosis. The present study aimed to investigate the role of δ-opioid receptor (DOR) on renal fibrosis of the rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) induced by TGF-β1 and to elucidate its underlying mechanism, as well as its involvement in signaling pathways. Cells were treated with TGF-β1 (10 ng·mL-1 ), along with a specific DOR agonist (UFP-512) or naltrindole (a DOR antagonist). Cell viability and morphology, as well as cell migration, were measured after drug administration. Western blotting was employed to examine the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein Fibronectin, and the tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)), signal transducer (p-Smad3), and EMT-regulatory gene (Snail). The expression level of phosphorylated Akt and p38 was also examined. Our results showed that TGF-β1 induced fibroblastic appearance and increased the expression of Fibronectin, α-SMA, P-Smad3, and Snail, while it decreased the expression of E-cadherin in NRK-52E cells. Moreover, TGF-β1 induced the activation of Akt and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. DOR activation was found to efficiently block morphological changes and cell migration, as long as the expression changes of Fibronectin, E-cadherin, α-SMA, P-Smad3, Snail, P-Akt, and P-p38 were induced by TGF-β1. These findings suggest that DOR may serve as an antifibrotic factor for renal proximal tubule cells by inhibiting the fibrosis process via TGF-β/Smad, Akt, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbao Luo
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Renfang Xu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Guanglai Song
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Perea-García A, Miró P, Jiménez-Lorenzo R, Martínez-Pastor MT, Puig S. Sequential recruitment of the mRNA decay machinery to the iron-regulated protein Cth2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1863:194595. [PMID: 32565401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional factors importantly contribute to the rapid and coordinated expression of the multiple genes required for the adaptation of living organisms to environmental stresses. In the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a conserved mRNA-binding protein, known as Cth2, modulates the metabolic response to iron deficiency. Cth2 is a tandem zinc-finger (TZF)-containing protein that co-transcriptionally binds to adenine/uracil-rich elements (ARE) present in the 3'-untranslated region of iron-related mRNAs to promote their turnover. The nuclear binding of Cth2 to mRNAs via its TZFs is indispensable for its export to the cytoplasm. Although Cth2 nucleocytoplasmic transport is essential for its regulatory function, little is known about the recruitment of the mRNA degradation machinery. Here, we investigate the sequential assembly of mRNA decay factors during Cth2 shuttling. By using an enzymatic in vivo proximity assay called M-track, we show that Cth2 associates to the RNA helicase Dhh1 and the deadenylase Pop2/Caf1 before binding to its target mRNAs. The recruitment of Dhh1 to Cth2 requires the integrity of the Ccr4-Pop2 deadenylase complex, whereas the interaction between Cth2 and Pop2 needs Ccr4 but not Dhh1. M-track assays also show that Cth2-binding to ARE-containing mRNAs is necessary for the interaction between Cth2 and the exonuclease Xrn1. The importance of these interactions is highlighted by the specific growth defect in iron-deficient conditions displayed by cells lacking Dhh1, Pop2, Ccr4 or Xrn1. These results exemplify the stepwise process of assembly of different mRNA decay factors onto an mRNA-binding protein during the mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Perea-García
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna (Valencia), Spain
| | - Pilar Miró
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna (Valencia), Spain
| | - Rafael Jiménez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna (Valencia), Spain
| | | | - Sergi Puig
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna (Valencia), Spain.
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Canzoneri R, Naipauer J, Stedile M, Rodriguez Peña A, Lacunza E, Gandini NA, Curino AC, Facchinetti MM, Coso OA, Kordon E, Abba MC. Identification of an AP1-ZFP36 Regulatory Network Associated with Breast Cancer Prognosis. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2020; 25:163-172. [PMID: 32248342 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-020-09448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been established that ZFP36 (also known as Tristetraprolin or TTP) promotes mRNA degradation of proteins involved in inflammation, proliferation and tumor invasiveness. In mammary epithelial cells ZFP36 expression is induced by STAT5 activation during lactogenesis, while in breast cancer ZFP36 expression is associated with lower grade and better prognosis. Here, we show that the AP-1 transcription factor components, i.e. JUN, JUNB, FOS, FOSB, in addition to DUSP1, EGR1, NR4A1, IER2 and BTG2, behave as a conserved co-regulated group of genes whose expression is associated to ZFP36 in cancer cells. In fact, a significant down-modulation of this gene network is observed in breast, liver, lung, kidney, and thyroid carcinomas compared to their normal counterparts. In breast cancer, the normal-like and Luminal A, show the highest expression of the ZFP36 gene network among the other intrinsic subtypes and patients with low expression of these genes display poor prognosis. It is also proposed that AP-1 regulates ZFP36 expression through responsive elements detected in the promoter region of this gene. Culture assays show that AP-1 activity induces ZFP36 expression in mammary cells in response to prolactin (PRL) treatment thorough ERK1/2 activation. These results suggest that JUN, JUNB, FOS and FOSB are not only co-expressed, but would also play a relevant role in regulating ZFP36 expression in mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Canzoneri
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - J Naipauer
- Laboratorio de Expresión Génica en Mama y Apoptosis, LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Stedile
- Laboratorio de Expresión Génica en Mama y Apoptosis, LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Rodriguez Peña
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - E Lacunza
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - N A Gandini
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, INIBIBB, Universidad Nacional del Sur - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - A C Curino
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, INIBIBB, Universidad Nacional del Sur - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - M M Facchinetti
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, INIBIBB, Universidad Nacional del Sur - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - O A Coso
- Laboratorio de Expresión Génica en Mama y Apoptosis, LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Kordon
- Laboratorio de Expresión Génica en Mama y Apoptosis, LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M C Abba
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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Zhang Q, Wu G, Guo S, Liu Y, Liu Z. Effects of tristetraprolin on doxorubicin (adriamycin)-induced experimental kidney injury through inhibiting IL-13/STAT6 signal pathway. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:1203-1221. [PMID: 32355536 PMCID: PMC7191163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To study the effects of Tristetraprolin (TTP) on Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced experimental kidney injury (KI). DOX was used to induce kidney injury in Balb/c male mice (in vivo) and in human kidney proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2) and normal rat kidney epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) (in vitro). Body weight of experimental mice were recorded daily. Histological changes were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and serum cystatin C in KI mice, and MDA, LDH and SOD in cells were detected using the corresponding kits. Meanwhile, the 2, 7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) fluorescent staining was used to assess intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). TTP and Kim-1 expressions were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blot. The TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels were evaluated by ELISA. Expressions of IL-13, STAT6, p-STAT6, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase3 were detected using western blot, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was conducted for analyzing cell viability, and cells apoptosis were assessed by DAPI staining and flow cytometry. DOX treatment decreased body weight and aggravated renal injury without changes in water and food intake. DOX significantly reduced TTP expression, stimulated IL-13/STAT6 pathway and elevated the levels of several factors related to renal injury, including inflammatory response, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis, which were significantly restored by the treatment of overexpression TTP in vitro. Overexpression of TTP significantly reduces DOX-induced adverse outcomes so as to prevent renal injury. Inhibition of IL-13/STAT6 pathway may be the functional mechanism under TTP in experimental KI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Ge Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Shiyuan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, P. R. China
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The Plant-Derived Compound Resveratrol in Brain Cancer: A Review. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010161. [PMID: 31963897 PMCID: PMC7023272 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite intensive research, malignant brain tumors are among the most difficult to treat due to high resistance to conventional therapeutic approaches. High-grade malignant gliomas, including glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma, are among the most devastating and rapidly growing cancers. Despite the ability of standard treatment agents to achieve therapeutic concentrations in the brain, malignant gliomas are often resistant to alkylating agents. Resveratrol is a plant polyphenol occurring in nuts, berries, grapes, and red wine. Resveratrol crosses the blood‒brain barrier and may influence the central nervous system. Moreover, it influences the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase and, more importantly, the resistance to standard treatment via various mechanisms, such as O6-methylguanine methyltransferase. This review summarizes the anticancer effects of resveratrol in various types of brain cancer. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have presented promising results; however, further clinical research is necessary to prove the therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol in brain cancer treatment.
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Improvement in Impaired Social Cognition but Not Seizures by Everolimus in a Child with Tuberous Sclerosis-Associated Autism through Increased Serum Antioxidant Proteins and Oxidant/Antioxidant Status. Case Rep Pediatr 2019; 2019:2070619. [PMID: 31871809 PMCID: PMC6907049 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2070619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor everolimus on tuberous sclerosis complex- (TSC-) associated autistic symptoms and focal seizures with impaired awareness in a female child with TSC. We further evaluated the relationship between improved autistic symptoms and seizures and increased the serum levels of the antioxidant proteins, ceruloplasmin (Cp) and transferrin (Tf), and oxidant-antioxidant status indicated by the oxidant marker oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and the antioxidant marker total antioxidant power (TAP). Everolimus treatment improved impaired social cognition and autistic behaviors; however, seizure and epileptic activity persisted. Serum Cp and Tf levels gradually increased in response to improved autistic symptoms. Serum TAP levels gradually decreased from baseline to the lowest value at 16 weeks and then increased at 24 weeks, showing a trend toward decreased total score of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist. This study revealed that everolimus treatment improved impaired social cognition with increased serum levels of the copper mediator (Cp) and iron mediator (Tf) via homeostatic control of mTOR activity accompanied by overlap of the oxidant-antioxidant system. Everolimus had no effect on TSC-related epileptiform discharges, and thus, the autistic symptoms and epileptic activity may be two independent end results of a common central nervous system disorder including mTOR hyperactivity. This trial is registered with JMAS-IIA00258.
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The mRNA-binding Protein TTP/ZFP36 in Hepatocarcinogenesis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111754. [PMID: 31717307 PMCID: PMC6896064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic lipid deposition and inflammation represent risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mRNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP, gene name ZFP36) has been suggested as a tumor suppressor in several malignancies, but it increases insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of TTP in hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC progression. Employing liver-specific TTP-knockout (lsTtp-KO) mice in the diethylnitrosamine (DEN) hepatocarcinogenesis model, we observed a significantly reduced tumor burden compared to wild-type animals. Upon short-term DEN treatment, modelling early inflammatory processes in hepatocarcinogenesis, lsTtp-KO mice exhibited a reduced monocyte/macrophage ratio as compared to wild-type mice. While short-term DEN strongly induced an abundance of saturated and poly-unsaturated hepatic fatty acids, lsTtp-KO mice did not show these changes. These findings suggested anti-carcinogenic actions of TTP deletion due to effects on inflammation and metabolism. Interestingly, though, investigating effects of TTP on different hallmarks of cancer suggested tumor-suppressing actions: TTP inhibited proliferation, attenuated migration, and slightly increased chemosensitivity. In line with a tumor-suppressing activity, we observed a reduced expression of several oncogenes in TTP-overexpressing cells. Accordingly, ZFP36 expression was downregulated in tumor tissues in three large human data sets. Taken together, this study suggests that hepatocytic TTP promotes hepatocarcinogenesis, while it shows tumor-suppressive actions during hepatic tumor progression.
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Nader CP, Cidem A, Verrills NM, Ammit AJ. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A): a key phosphatase in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to lung cancer. Respir Res 2019; 20:222. [PMID: 31623614 PMCID: PMC6798356 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) has the highest relative risk of development as a comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The molecular mechanisms that mediate chronic inflammation and lung function impairment in COPD have been identified in LC. This suggests the two diseases are more linked than once thought. Emerging data in relation to a key phosphatase, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), and its regulatory role in inflammatory and tumour suppression in both disease settings suggests that it may be critical in the progression of COPD to LC. In this review, we uncover the importance of the functional and active PP2A holoenzyme in the context of both diseases. We describe PP2A inactivation via direct and indirect means and explore the actions of two key PP2A endogenous inhibitors, cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) and inhibitor 2 of PP2A (SET), and the role they play in COPD and LC. We explain how dysregulation of PP2A in COPD creates a favourable inflammatory micro-environment and promotes the initiation and progression of tumour pathogenesis. Finally, we highlight PP2A as a druggable target in the treatment of COPD and LC and demonstrate the potential of PP2A re-activation as a strategy to halt COPD disease progression to LC. Although further studies are required to elucidate if PP2A activity in COPD is a causal link for LC progression, studies focused on the potential of PP2A reactivating agents to reduce the risk of LC formation in COPD patients will be pivotal in improving clinical outcomes for both COPD and LC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra P Nader
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aylin Cidem
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole M Verrills
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation & Translation, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Alaina J Ammit
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Clark AR, Ohlmeyer M. Protein phosphatase 2A as a therapeutic target in inflammation and neurodegeneration. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 201:181-201. [PMID: 31158394 PMCID: PMC6700395 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a highly complex heterotrimeric enzyme that catalyzes the selective removal of phosphate groups from protein serine and threonine residues. Emerging evidence suggests that it functions as a tumor suppressor by constraining phosphorylation-dependent signalling pathways that regulate cellular transformation and metastasis. Therefore, PP2A-activating drugs (PADs) are being actively sought and investigated as potential novel anti-cancer treatments. Here we explore the concept that PP2A also constrains inflammatory responses through its inhibitory effects on various signalling pathways, suggesting that PADs may be effective in the treatment of inflammation-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Clark
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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Muhammad SA, Fatima N, Paracha RZ, Ali A, Chen JY. A systematic simulation-based meta-analytical framework for prediction of physiological biomarkers in alopecia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:2. [PMID: 30993080 PMCID: PMC6449998 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-019-0094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Alopecia or hair loss is a complex polygenetic and psychologically devastating disease affecting millions of men and women globally. Since the gene annotation and environmental knowledge is limited for alopecia, a systematic analysis for the identification of candidate biomarkers is required that could provide potential therapeutic targets for hair loss therapy. Results We designed an interactive framework to perform a meta-analytical study based on differential expression analysis, systems biology, and functional proteomic investigations. We analyzed eight publicly available microarray datasets and found 12 potential candidate biomarkers including three extracellular proteins from the list of differentially expressed genes with a p-value < 0.05. After expression profiling and functional analysis, we studied protein–protein interactions and observed functional associations of source proteins including WIF1, SPON1, LYZ, GPRC5B, PTPRE, ZFP36L2, HBB, PHF15, LMCD1, KRT35 and VAV3 with target proteins including APCDD1, WNT1, WNT3A, SHH, ESRI, TGFB1, and APP. Pathway analysis of these molecules revealed their role in major physiological reactions including protein metabolism, signal transduction, WNT, BMP, EDA, NOTCH and SHH pathways. These pathways regulate hair growth, hair follicle differentiation, pigmentation, and morphogenesis. We studied the regulatory role of β-catenin, Nf-kappa B, cytokines and retinoic acid in the development of hair growth. Therefore, the differential expression of these significant proteins would affect the normal level and could cause aberrations in hair growth. Conclusion Our integrative approach helps to prioritize the biomarkers that ultimately lessen the economic burden of experimental studies. It will also be valuable to discover mutants in genomic data in order to increase the identification of new biomarkers for similar problems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40709-019-0094-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Aun Muhammad
- 1Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800 Pakistan
| | - Nighat Fatima
- 2Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060 Pakistan
| | - Rehan Zafar Paracha
- 3Research Center of Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), Department of Computational Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- 4Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
| | - Jake Y Chen
- 5Informatics Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama (UAB), Birmingham, USA
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Targeting AU-rich element-mediated mRNA decay with a truncated active form of the zinc-finger protein TIS11b/BRF1 impairs major hallmarks of mammary tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2019; 38:5174-5190. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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43
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Lai WS, Wells ML, Perera L, Blackshear PJ. The tandem zinc finger RNA binding domain of members of the tristetraprolin protein family. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2019; 10:e1531. [PMID: 30864256 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP), the prototype member of the protein family of the same name, was originally discovered as the product of a rapidly inducible gene in mouse cells. Development of a knockout (KO) mouse established that absence of the protein led to a severe inflammatory syndrome, due in part to elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). TTP was found to bind directly and with high affinity to specific AU-rich sequences in the 3'-untranslated region of the TNF mRNA. This initial binding led to promotion of TNF mRNA decay and inhibition of its translation. Many additional TTP target mRNAs have since been identified, some of which are cytokines and chemokines involved in the inflammatory response. There are three other proteins in the mouse with similar activities and domain structures, but whose KO phenotypes are remarkably different. Moreover, proteins with similar domain structures and activities have been found throughout eukaryotes, demonstrating that this protein family arose from an ancient ancestor. The defining characteristic of this protein family is the tandem zinc finger (TZF) domain, a 64 amino acid sequence with many conserved residues that is responsible for the direct RNA binding. We discuss here many aspects of this protein domain that have been elucidated since the original discovery of TTP, including its sequence conservation throughout eukarya; its apparent continued evolution in some lineages; its functional dependence on many key conserved residues; its "interchangeability" among evolutionarily distant species; and the evidence that RNA binding is required for the physiological functions of the proteins. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Recognition RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wi S Lai
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Melissa L Wells
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lalith Perera
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina.,Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Legrand N, Dixon DA, Sobolewski C. AU-rich element-binding proteins in colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11:71-90. [PMID: 30788036 PMCID: PMC6379757 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i2.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Trans-acting factors controlling mRNA fate are critical for the post-transcriptional regulation of inflammation-related genes, as well as for oncogene and tumor suppressor expression in human cancers. Among them, a group of RNA-binding proteins called “Adenylate-Uridylate-rich elements binding proteins” (AUBPs) control mRNA stability or translation through their binding to AU-rich elements enriched in the 3’UTRs of inflammation- and cancer-associated mRNA transcripts. AUBPs play a central role in the recruitment of target mRNAs into small cytoplasmic foci called Processing-bodies and stress granules (also known as P-body/SG). Alterations in the expression and activities of AUBPs and P-body/SG assembly have been observed to occur with colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, indicating the significant role AUBP-dependent post-transcriptional regulation plays in controlling gene expression during CRC tumorigenesis. Accordingly, these alterations contribute to the pathological expression of many early-response genes involved in prostaglandin biosynthesis and inflammation, along with key oncogenic pathways. In this review, we summarize the current role of these proteins in CRC development. CRC remains a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide and, therefore, targeting these AUBPs to restore efficient post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression may represent an appealing therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Legrand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Dan A Dixon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, and University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66045, United States
| | - Cyril Sobolewski
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
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Ivanova IG, Park CV, Kenneth NS. Translating the Hypoxic Response-the Role of HIF Protein Translation in the Cellular Response to Low Oxygen. Cells 2019; 8:E114. [PMID: 30717305 PMCID: PMC6406544 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs) play essential roles in the physiological response to low oxygen in all multicellular organisms, while their deregulation is associated with human diseases. HIF levels and activity are primarily controlled by the availability of the oxygen-sensitive HIFα subunits, which is mediated by rapid alterations to the rates of HIFα protein production and degradation. While the pathways that control HIFα degradation are understood in great detail, much less is known about the targeted control of HIFα protein synthesis and what role this has in controlling HIF activity during the hypoxic response. This review will focus on the signalling pathways and RNA binding proteins that modulate HIFα mRNA half-life and/or translation rate, and their contribution to hypoxia-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iglika G Ivanova
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Catherine V Park
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Niall S Kenneth
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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46
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Ostrowski RP, Zhang JH. The insights into molecular pathways of hypoxia-inducible factor in the brain. J Neurosci Res 2018; 98:57-76. [PMID: 30548473 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this present work were to review recent developments on the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in the survival of cells under normoxic versus hypoxic and inflammatory brain conditions. The dual nature of HIF effects appears well established, based on the accumulated evidence of HIF playing both the role of adaptive factor and mediator of cell demise. Cellular HIF responses depend on pathophysiological conditions, developmental phase, comorbidities, and administered medications. In addition, HIF-1α and HIF-2α actions may vary in the same tissues. The multiple roles of HIF in stem cells are emerging. HIF not only regulates expression of target genes and thereby influences resultant protein levels but also contributes to epigenetic changes that may reciprocally provide feedback regulations loops. These HIF-dependent alterations in neurological diseases and its responses to treatments in vivo need to be examined alongside with a functional status of subjects involved in such studies. The knowledge of HIF pathways might be helpful in devising HIF-mimetics and modulating drugs, acting on the molecular level to improve clinical outcomes, as exemplified here by clinical and experimental data of selected brain diseases, occasionally corroborated by the data from disorders of other organs. Because of complex role of HIF in brain injuries, prospective therapeutic interventions need to differentially target HIF responses depending on their roles in the molecular mechanisms of neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Ostrowski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuropathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John H Zhang
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
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Gerke T, Beltran H, Wang X, Lee GSM, Sboner A, Karnes RJ, Klein EA, Davicioni E, Yousefi K, Ross AE, Börnigen D, Huttenhower C, Mucci LA, Trock BJ, Sweeney CJ. Low Tristetraprolin Expression Is Associated with Lethal Prostate Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 28:584-590. [PMID: 30420441 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is linked to prostate cancer progression and is mediated by NF-κB. Tristetraprolin is a key node of NF-κB activation and we investigated its biological and prognostic role in lethal prostate cancer. METHODS In vitro assays assessed the function of tristetraprolin and the association between low mRNA tristetraprolin levels and lethal prostate cancer (metastatic disease or death) was assessed across independent prostatectomy cohorts: (i) nested case-control studies from Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Physicians' Health Study, and (ii) prostatectomy samples from Cleveland Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Johns Hopkins and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Tristetraprolin expression levels in prostatectomy samples from patients with localized disease and biopsies of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) were assessed in a Cornell University cohort. RESULTS In vitro tristetraprolin expression was inversely associated with NF-κB-controlled genes, proliferation, and enzalutamide sensitivity. Men with localized prostate cancer and lower quartile of tumor tristetraprolin expression had a significant, nearly two-fold higher risk of lethal prostate cancer after adjusting for known clinical and histologic prognostic features (age, RP Gleason score, T-stage). Tristetraprolin expression was also significantly lower in mCRPC compared with localized prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS Lower levels of tristetraprolin in human prostate cancer prostatectomy tissue are associated with more aggressive prostate cancer and may serve as an actionable prognostic and predictive biomarker. IMPACT There is a clear need for improved biomarkers to identify patients with localized prostate cancer in need of treatment intensification, such as adjuvant testosterone suppression, or treatment de-intensification, such as active surveillance. Tristetraprolin levels may serve as informative biomarkers in localized prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric A Klein
- Cleveland Clinic Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | - Ashley E Ross
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Daniela Börnigen
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce J Trock
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Leroux LP, Nasr M, Valanparambil R, Tam M, Rosa BA, Siciliani E, Hill DE, Zarlenga DS, Jaramillo M, Weinstock JV, Geary TG, Stevenson MM, Urban JF, Mitreva M, Jardim A. Analysis of the Trichuris suis excretory/secretory proteins as a function of life cycle stage and their immunomodulatory properties. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15921. [PMID: 30374177 PMCID: PMC6206011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic worms have a remarkable ability to modulate host immune responses through several mechanisms including excreted/secreted proteins (ESP), yet the exact nature of these proteins and their targets often remains elusive. Here, we performed mass spectrometry analyses of ESP (TsESP) from larval and adult stages of the pig whipworm Trichuris suis (Ts) and identified ~350 proteins. Transcriptomic analyses revealed large subsets of differentially expressed genes in the various life cycle stages of the parasite. Exposure of bone marrow-derived macrophages and dendritic cells to TsESP markedly diminished secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-12p70. Conversely, TsESP exposure strongly induced release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and also induced high levels of nitric oxide (NO) and upregulated arginase activity in macrophages. Interestingly, TsESP failed to directly induce CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells), while OVA-pulsed TsESP-treated dendritic cells suppressed antigen-specific OT-II CD4+ T cell proliferation. Fractionation of TsESP identified a subset of proteins that promoted anti-inflammatory functions, an activity that was recapitulated using recombinant T. suis triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDK). Our study helps illuminate the intricate balance that is characteristic of parasite-host interactions at the immunological interface, and further establishes the principle that specific parasite-derived proteins can modulate immune cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Philippe Leroux
- Institute of Parasitology McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interaction (CHPI), Montreal, Canada
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)-Institut Armand-Frappier (IAF), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Mohamad Nasr
- Institute of Parasitology McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interaction (CHPI), Montreal, Canada
| | - Rajesh Valanparambil
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interaction (CHPI), Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mifong Tam
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interaction (CHPI), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bruce A Rosa
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Siciliani
- Institute of Parasitology McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Dolores E Hill
- United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | | | - Maritza Jaramillo
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interaction (CHPI), Montreal, Canada
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)-Institut Armand-Frappier (IAF), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Joel V Weinstock
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy G Geary
- Institute of Parasitology McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interaction (CHPI), Montreal, Canada
| | - Mary M Stevenson
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interaction (CHPI), Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph F Urban
- United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Armando Jardim
- Institute of Parasitology McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interaction (CHPI), Montreal, Canada.
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Ricciardi L, Col JD, Casolari P, Memoli D, Conti V, Vatrella A, Vonakis BM, Papi A, Caramori G, Stellato C. Differential expression of RNA-binding proteins in bronchial epithelium of stable COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3173-3190. [PMID: 30349226 PMCID: PMC6190813 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s166284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inflammatory gene expression is modulated by posttranscriptional regulation via RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which regulate mRNA turnover and translation by binding to conserved mRNA sequences. Their role in COPD is only partially defined. This study evaluated RBPs tristetraprolin (TTP), human antigen R (HuR), and AU-rich element-binding factor 1 (AUF-1) expression using lung tissue from COPD patients and control subjects and probed their function in epithelial responses in vitro. Patients and methods RBPs were detected by immunohistochemistry in bronchial and peripheral lung samples from mild-to-moderate stable COPD patients and age/smoking history-matched controls; RBPs and RBP-regulated genes were evaluated by Western blot, ELISA, protein array, and real-time PCR in human airway epithelial BEAS-2B cell line stimulated with hydrogen peroxide, cytokine combination (cytomix), cigarette smoke extract (CSE), and following siRNA-mediated silencing. Results were verified in a microarray database from bronchial brushings of COPD patients and controls. RBP transcripts were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from additional stable COPD patients and controls. Results Specific, primarily nuclear immunostaining for the RBPs was detected in structural and inflammatory cells in bronchial and lung tissues. Immunostaining for AUF-1, but not TTP or HuR, was significantly decreased in bronchial epithelium of COPD samples vs controls. In BEAS-2B cells, cytomix and CSE stimulation reproduced the RBP pattern while increasing expression of AUF-1-regulated genes, interleukin-6, CCL2, CXCL1, and CXCL8. Silencing expression of AUF-1 reproduced, but not enhanced, target upregulation induced by cytomix compared to controls. Analysis of bronchial brushing-derived transcriptomic confirmed the selective decrease of AUF-1 in COPD vs controls and revealed significant changes in AUF-1-regulated genes by genome ontology. Conclusion Downregulated AUF-1 may be pathogenic in stable COPD by altering posttranscriptional control of epithelial gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ricciardi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy,
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy,
| | - Paolo Casolari
- Interdepartmental Study Center for Inflammatory and Smoke-related Airway Diseases (CEMICEF), Cardiorespiratory and Internal Medicine Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico Memoli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy,
| | - Valeria Conti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy,
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy,
| | - Becky M Vonakis
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,
| | - Alberto Papi
- Interdepartmental Study Center for Inflammatory and Smoke-related Airway Diseases (CEMICEF), Cardiorespiratory and Internal Medicine Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy, .,Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,
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Guo J, Qu H, Shan T, Chen Y, Chen Y, Xia J. Tristetraprolin Overexpression in Gastric Cancer Cells Suppresses PD-L1 Expression and Inhibits Tumor Progression by Enhancing Antitumor Immunity. Mol Cells 2018; 41:653-664. [PMID: 29936792 PMCID: PMC6078856 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) binds to adenosine-uridine AU-rich elements in the 3'-untranslated region of messenger RNAs and facilitates rapid degradation of the target mRNAs. Therefore, it regulates the expression of multiple cancer and immunity-associated transcripts. Furthermore, a lack of TTP in cancer cells influences cancer progression and predicts poor survival. Although the functions of TTP on cancer cells have previously been researched, the mechanism of TTP on the interaction between cancer cells with their microenvironment remains undiscovered. In this study, we admed to determine the role of cancer cell TTP during the interaction between tumor and immune cells, specifically regulatory T cells (Tregs). We evaluate the capability of TTP to modulate the antitumor immunity of GC and explored the underlying mechanism. The overexpression of TTP in GC cells dramatically increased peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocyte (PBML) -mediated cytotoxicity against GC cells. Increased cytotoxicity against TTP-overexpressed GC cells by PBMLs was determined by Treg development and infiltration. Surprisingly, we found the stabilization of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) mRNA was declining while TTP was elevated. The PD-L1 protein level was reduced in TTP-abundant GC cells. PD-L1 gas been found to play a pivotal role in Treg development and functional maintenance in immune system. Taken together, our results suggest the overexpression of TTP in GC cells not only affects cell survival and apoptosis but also increases PBMLs -mediated cytotoxicity against GC cells to decelerate tumor progression. Moreover, we identified PD-L1 as a critical TTP-regulated factor that contributes to inhibiting antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,
China
| | - Huiheng Qu
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,
China
| | - Ting Shan
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,
China
| | - Yigang Chen
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,
China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,
China
| | - Jiazeng Xia
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,
China
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