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Zou J, Hao S. A potential research target for cardiac rehabilitation: brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1348645. [PMID: 38707889 PMCID: PMC11069312 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1348645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases pose a major threat to human life, functional activity, and quality of life. Once the disease is present, patients can experience varying degrees of problems or limitations on three levels: physical, psychological, and social. Patients with cardiovascular disease are always at risk for adverse cardiac events, decreased physical activity, psychoemotional disturbances, and limited social participation due to their varying pathologies. Therefore, personalized cardiac rehabilitation is of great significance in improving patients' physical and mental functions, controlling disease progression, and preventing deterioration. There is a consensus on the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation in improving patients' quality of life, enhancing functional activity, and reducing mortality. As an important part of cardiac rehabilitation, Exercise plays an irreplaceable role. Aerobic exercise, resistance training, flexibility training, and other forms of exercise are recommended by many experts. Improvements in exercise tolerance, lipid metabolism, cardiac function, and psychological aspects of the patients were evident with appropriate exercise interventions based on a comprehensive assessment. Further studies have found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor may be an important mediator of exercise's ability to improve cardiovascular health. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor exerts multiple biological effects on the cardiovascular system. This article provides another perspective on the cardiac effects of exercise and further looks at the prospects for the use of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in cardiac rehabilitation. Meanwhile, the new idea that brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a key mediator connecting the brain-cardiac axis is proposed in light of the current research progress, to provide new ideas for clinical rehabilitation and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Zou
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shijie Hao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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2
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Knyzeliene A, MacAskill MG, Alcaide-Corral CJ, Morgan TEF, Henry MC, Lucatelli C, Pimlott SL, Sutherland A, Tavares AAS. [ 18F]LW223 has low non-displaceable binding in murine brain, enabling high sensitivity TSPO PET imaging. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:397-406. [PMID: 37795635 PMCID: PMC10870961 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231205661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is associated with a number of brain diseases, making it a common feature of cerebral pathology. Among the best-known biomarkers for neuroinflammation in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) research is the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO). This study aims to investigate the binding kinetics of a novel TSPO PET radiotracer, [18F]LW223, in mice and specifically assess its volume of non-displaceable binding (VND) in brain as well as investigate the use of simplified analysis approaches for quantification of [18F]LW223 PET data. Adult male mice were injected with [18F]LW223 and varying concentrations of LW223 (0.003-0.55 mg/kg) to estimate VND of [18F]LW223. Dynamic PET imaging with arterial input function studies and radiometabolite studies were conducted. Simplified quantification methods, standard uptake values (SUV) and apparent volume of distribution (VTapp), were investigated. [18F]LW223 had low VND in the brain (<10% of total binding) and low radiometabolism (∼15-20%). The 2-tissue compartment model provided the best fit for [18F]LW223 PET data, although its correlation with SUV90-120min or VTapp allowed for [18F]LW223 brain PET data quantification in healthy animals while using simpler experimental and analytical approaches. [18F]LW223 has the required properties to become a successful TSPO PET radiotracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Knyzeliene
- BHF-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark G MacAskill
- BHF-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carlos J Alcaide-Corral
- BHF-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Timaeus EF Morgan
- BHF-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Sally L Pimlott
- West of Scotland PET Centre, Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS Trust, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Adriana AS Tavares
- BHF-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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3
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Knyzeliene A, Wimberley C, MacAskill MG, Alcaide-Corral CJ, Morgan TEF, Henry MC, Lucatelli C, Pimlott SL, Sutherland A, Tavares AAS. Sexually dimorphic murine brain uptake of the 18 kDa translocator protein PET radiotracer [ 18F]LW223. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae008. [PMID: 38304004 PMCID: PMC10833650 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The 18 kDa translocator protein is a well-known biomarker of neuroinflammation, but also plays a role in homeostasis. PET with 18 kDa translocator protein radiotracers [11C]PBR28 in humans and [18F]GE180 in mice has demonstrated sex-dependent uptake patterns in the healthy brain, suggesting sex-dependent 18 kDa translocator protein expression, although humans and mice had differing results. This study aimed to assess whether the 18 kDa translocator protein PET radiotracer [18F]LW223 exhibited sexually dimorphic uptake in healthy murine brain and peripheral organs. Male and female C57Bl6/J mice (13.6 ± 5.4 weeks, 26.8 ± 5.4 g, mean ± SD) underwent 2 h PET scanning post-administration of [18F]LW223 (6.7 ± 3.6 MBq). Volume of interest and parametric analyses were performed using standard uptake values (90-120 min). Statistical differences were assessed by unpaired t-test or two-way ANOVA with Šidak's test (alpha = 0.05). The uptake of [18F]LW223 was significantly higher across multiple regions of the male mouse brain, with the most pronounced difference detected in hypothalamus (P < 0.0001). Males also exhibited significantly higher [18F]LW223 uptake in the heart when compared to females (P = 0.0107). Data support previous findings on sexually dimorphic 18 kDa translocator protein radiotracer uptake patterns in mice and highlight the need to conduct sex-controlled comparisons in 18 kDa translocator protein PET imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Knyzeliene
- British Heart Foundation-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Catriona Wimberley
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Mark G MacAskill
- British Heart Foundation-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Carlos J Alcaide-Corral
- British Heart Foundation-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Timaeus E F Morgan
- British Heart Foundation-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Martyn C Henry
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | | | - Sally L Pimlott
- West of Scotland PET Centre, Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS Trust, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
| | | | - Adriana A S Tavares
- British Heart Foundation-University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Abohashem S, Grewal SS, Tawakol A, Osborne MT. Radionuclide Imaging of Heart-Brain Connections. Cardiol Clin 2023; 41:267-275. [PMID: 37003682 PMCID: PMC10152492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The heart and brain have a complex interplay wherein disease or injury to either organ may adversely affect the other. The mechanisms underlying this connection remain incompletely characterized. However, nuclear molecular imaging is uniquely suited to investigate these pathways by facilitating the simultaneous assessment of both organs using targeted radiotracers. Research within this paradigm has demonstrated important roles for inflammation, autonomic nervous system and neurohormonal activity, metabolism, and perfusion in the heart-brain connection. Further mechanistic clarification may facilitate greater clinical awareness and the development of targeted therapies to alleviate the burden of disease in both organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shady Abohashem
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, 165 Cambridge Street, Suite 400, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Simran S Grewal
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, 165 Cambridge Street, Suite 400, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, 165 Cambridge Street, Suite 400, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael T Osborne
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, 165 Cambridge Street, Suite 400, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Truter N, Malan L, Essop MF. Glial cell activity in cardiovascular diseases and risk of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H373-H390. [PMID: 36662577 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00332.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that the pathophysiological link between the brain and heart underlies cardiovascular diseases, specifically acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system and provide support/protection for neurons. Astrocytes and peripheral glial cells are emerging as key modulators of the brain-heart axis in AMI, by affecting sympathetic nervous system activity (centrally and peripherally). This review, therefore, aimed to gain an improved understanding of glial cell activity and AMI risk. This includes discussions on the potential role of contributing factors in AMI risk, i.e., autonomic nervous system dysfunction, glial-neurotrophic and ischemic risk markers [glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), astrocytic S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), silent myocardial ischemia, and cardiac troponin T (cTnT)]. Consideration of glial cell activity and related contributing factors in certain brain-heart disorders, namely, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, and chronic psychological stress, may improve our understanding regarding the pathological role that glial dysfunction can play in the development/onset of AMI. Here, findings demonstrated perturbations in glial cell activity and contributing factors (especially sympathetic activity). Moreover, emerging AMI risk included sympathovagal imbalance, low GDNF levels reflecting prothrombic risk, hypertension, and increased ischemia due to perfusion deficits (indicated by S100B and cTnT levels). Such perturbations impacted blood-barrier function and perfusion that were exacerbated during psychological stress. Thus, greater insights and consideration regarding such biomarkers may help drive future studies investigating brain-heart axis pathologies to gain a deeper understanding of astrocytic glial cell contributions and unlock potential novel therapies for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Truter
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leoné Malan
- Technology Transfer and Innovation-Support Office, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - M Faadiel Essop
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Sha L, Li Y, Zhang Y, Tang Y, Li B, Chen Y, Chen L. Heart-brain axis: Association of congenital heart abnormality and brain diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1071820. [PMID: 37063948 PMCID: PMC10090520 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1071820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain diseases are a major burden on human health worldwide, and little is known about how most brain diseases develop. It is believed that cardiovascular diseases can affect the function of the brain, and many brain diseases are associated with heart dysfunction, which is called the heart-brain axis. Congenital heart abnormalities with anomalous hemodynamics are common treatable cardiovascular diseases. With the development of cardiovascular surgeries and interventions, the long-term survival of patients with congenital heart abnormalities continues to improve. However, physicians have reported that patients with congenital heart abnormalities have an increased risk of brain diseases in adulthood. To understand the complex association between congenital heart abnormalities and brain diseases, the paper reviews relevant clinical literature. Studies have shown that congenital heart abnormalities are associated with most brain diseases, including stroke, migraine, dementia, infection of the central nervous system, epilepsy, white matter lesions, and affective disorders. However, whether surgeries or other interventions could benefit patients with congenital heart abnormalities and brain diseases remains unclear because of limited evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leihao Sha
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunwu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yusha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baichuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Correspondence: Lei Chen
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Sundar LKS, Hacker M, Beyer T. Whole-Body PET Imaging: A Catalyst for Whole-Person Research? J Nucl Med 2023; 64:197-199. [PMID: 36460342 PMCID: PMC9902855 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Beyer
- Quantitative Imaging and Medical Physics Team, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; and
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Karakatsanis NA, Nehmeh MH, Conti M, Bal G, González AJ, Nehmeh SA. Physical performance of adaptive axial FOV PET scanners with a sparse detector block rings or a checkerboard configuration. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac6aa1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. Using Monte-Carlo simulations, we evaluated the physical performance of a hypothetical state-of-the-art clinical PET scanner with adaptive axial field-of-view (AFOV) based on the validated GATE model of the Siemens Biograph VisionTM PET/CT scanner. Approach. Vision consists of 16 compact PET rings, each consisting of 152 mini-blocks of 5 × 5 Lutetium Oxyorthosilicate crystals (3.2 × 3.2 × 20 mm3). The Vision 25.6 cm AFOV was extended by adopting (i) a sparse mini-block ring (SBR) configuration of 49.6 cm AFOV, with all mini-block rings interleaved with 16 mm axial gaps, or (ii) a sparse mini-block checkerboard (SCB) configuration of 51.2 cm AFOV, with all mini-blocks interleaved with gaps of 16 mm (transaxial) × 16 mm (axial) width in checkerboard pattern. For sparse configurations, a ‘limited’ continuous bed motion (limited-CBM) acquisition was employed to extend AFOVs by 2.9 cm. Spatial resolution, sensitivity, image quality (IQ), NECR and scatter fraction were assessed per NEMA NU2-2012. Main Results. All IQ phantom spheres were distinguishable with all configurations. SBR and SCB percent contrast recovery (% CR) and background variability (% BV) were similar (p-value > 0.05). Compared to Vision, SBR and SCB %CRs were similar (p-values > 0.05). However, SBR and SCB %BVs were deteriorated by 30% and 26% respectively (p-values < 0.05). SBR, SCB and Vision exhibited system sensitivities of 16.6, 16.8, and 15.8 kcps MBq−1, NECRs of 311 kcps @35 kBq cc−1, 266 kcps @25.8 kBq cc−1, and 260 kcps @27.8 kBq cc−1, and scatter fractions of 31.2%, 32.4%, and 32.6%, respectively. SBR and SCB exhibited a smoother sensitivity reduction and noise enhancement rate from AFOV center to its edges. SBR and SCB attained comparable spatial resolution in all directions (p-value > 0.05), yet, up to 1.5 mm worse than Vision (p-values < 0.05). Significance. The proposed sparse configurations may offer a clinically adoptable solution for cost-effective adaptive AFOV PET with either highly-sensitive or long-AFOV acquisitions.
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Yun M, Nie B, Wen W, Zhu Z, Liu H, Nie S, Lanzenberger R, Wei Y, Hacker M, Shan B, Schelbert HR, Li X, Zhang X. Assessment of cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with heart failure by 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:476-488. [PMID: 32691347 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the cerebral metabolism in patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS One hundred and two HF patients were prospectively enrolled, who underwent gated 99mTc-sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT, cardiac and cerebral 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. Fifteen healthy volunteers served as controls. Patients were stratified by extent of hibernating myocardium (HM) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) into 4 groups where Group1: HM < 10% (n = 33); Group2: HM ≥ 10%, LVEF < 25% (n = 34); Group3: HM ≥ 10%, 25% ≤ LVEF ≤ 40% (n = 16) and Group 4: LVEF > 40% (n = 19). The standardized uptake value (SUV) in the whole brain (SUVwhole-brain) and the SUV ratios (SUVR) in 24 cognition-related brain regions were determined. SUVwhole-brain and SUVRs were compared between the 4 patient groups and the healthy controls. RESULTS SUVwhole-brain (r = 0.245, P = 0.013) and SUVRs in frontal areas, hippocampus, and para-hippocampus (r: 0.213 to 0.308, all P < 0.05) were correlated with HM. SUVwhole-brain differed between four patient groups and the healthy volunteers (P = 0.016) and SUVwhole-brain in Group 1 was lower than that in healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). SUVRs of Group 3 in frontal areas were the highest among four patient subgroups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Cerebral metabolism in the whole brain was reduced but maintained in cognition-related frontal areas in HF patients with HM and moderately impaired global left ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkai Yun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction and Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Nie
- Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanwan Wen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction and Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction and Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction and Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Division of Emergency & Critical Care Centre, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Neuroimaging Labs (NIL), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction and Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Baoci Shan
- Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Heinrich R Schelbert
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction and Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Wang Y, Jia Y, Li M, Jiao S, Zhao H. Hotspot and Frontier Analysis of Exercise Training Therapy for Heart Failure Complicated With Depression Based on Web of Science Database and Big Data Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:665993. [PMID: 34095256 PMCID: PMC8169975 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.665993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise training has been extensively studied in heart failure (HF) and psychological disorders, which has been shown to worsen each other. However, our understanding of how exercise simultaneously protect heart and brain of HF patients is still in its infancy. The purpose of this study was to take advantage of big data techniques to explore hotspots and frontiers of mechanisms that protect the heart and brain simultaneously through exercise training. Methods: We studied the scientific publications on related research between January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2020 from the WoS Core Collection. Research hotspots were assessed through open-source software, CiteSpace, Pajek, and VOSviewer. Big data analysis and visualization were carried out using R, Cytoscape and Origin. Results: From 2003 to 2020, the study on HF, depression, and exercise simultaneously was the lowest of all research sequences (two-way ANOVAs, p < 0.0001). Its linear regression coefficient r was 0.7641. The result of hotspot analysis of related keyword-driven research showed that inflammation and stress (including oxidative stress) were the common mechanisms. Through the further analyses, we noted that inflammation, stress, oxidative stress, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, cell death, and the mechanisms related to mitochondrial biogenesis/homeostasis, could be regarded as the primary mechanism targets to study the simultaneous intervention of exercise on the heart and brain of HF patients with depression. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the potential mechanism targets by which exercise interferes with both the heart and brain for HF patients with depression. We hope that they can boost the attention of other researchers and clinicians, and open up new avenues for designing more novel potential drugs to block heart-brain axis vicious circle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuhong Jia
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Molin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Sirui Jiao
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Henan Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Zein SA, Karakatsanis NA, Conti M, Nehmeh SA. Monte Carlo Simulation of the Siemens Biograph Vision PET With Extended Axial Field of View Using Sparse Detector Module Rings Configuration. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2020.3034676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Weber WA, Czernin J, Anderson CJ, Badawi RD, Barthel H, Bengel F, Bodei L, Buvat I, DiCarli M, Graham MM, Grimm J, Herrmann K, Kostakoglu L, Lewis JS, Mankoff DA, Peterson TE, Schelbert H, Schöder H, Siegel BA, Strauss HW. The Future of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging, and Theranostics. J Nucl Med 2021; 61:263S-272S. [PMID: 33293447 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.254532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Frank Bengel
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lisa Bodei
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Irène Buvat
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | | | | | - Jan Grimm
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Jason S Lewis
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Todd E Peterson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | | | - Heiko Schöder
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Associations between left ventricular function, vascular function and measures of cerebral small vessel disease: a cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging study of the UK Biobank. Eur Radiol 2021; 31:5068-5076. [PMID: 33409793 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impaired cardiovascular function has been associated with cognitive deterioration; however, to what extent cardiovascular dysfunction plays a role in structural cerebral changes remains unclear. We studied whether vascular and left ventricular (LV) functions are associated with measures of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) in the middle-aged general population. METHODS In this cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank, 4366 participants (54% female, mean age 61 years) underwent magnetic resonance imaging to assess LV function (ejection fraction [EF] and cardiac index [CI]) and cSVD measures (total brain volume, grey and white matter volumes, hippocampal volume and white matter hyperintensities [WMH]). Augmentation index (AIx) was used as a measure of arterial stiffness. Linear and non-linear associations were evaluated using cardiovascular function measures as determinants and cSVD measures as outcomes. RESULTS EF was non-linearly associated with total brain volume and grey matter volume, with the largest brain volume for an EF between 55 and 60% (both p < 0.001). EF showed a negative linear association with WMH (- 0.23% [- 0.44; - 0.02], p = 0.03), yet no associations were found with white matter or hippocampal volume. CI showed a positive linear association with white matter (β 3194 mm3 [760; 5627], p = 0.01) and hippocampal volume (β 72.5 mm3 [23.0; 122.0], p = 0.004). No associations were found for CI with total brain volume, grey matter volume or WMH. No significant associations were found between AIx and cSVD measures. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel insights into the complex associations between the heart and the brain, which could potentially guide early interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular function and the prevention of cSVD. KEY POINTS • Ejection fraction is non-linearly and cardiac index is linearly associated with MRI-derived measures of cerebral small vessel disease. • No associations were found for arterial stiffness with cSVD measures.
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Bengel FM, Hermanns N, Thackeray JT. Radionuclide Imaging of the Molecular Mechanisms Linking Heart and Brain in Ischemic Syndromes. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 13:e011303. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.120.011303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
For the heart and the brain, clinical observations suggest that an acute ischemic event experienced by one organ is associated with an increased risk for future acute events and chronic dysfunction of the reciprocal organ. Beyond atherosclerosis as a common systemic disease, various molecular mechanisms are thought to be involved in this interaction. Molecular-targeted nuclear imaging may identify the contribution of factors, such as the neurohumoral, circulatory, or especially the immune system, by combining specific radiotracers with whole-body acquisition and global as well as regional multiorgan analysis. This may be integrated with complementary functional imaging markers and systemic biomarkers for comprehensive network interrogation. Such systems-based strategies go beyond the traditional organ-centered approach and provide novel mechanistic insights, information about temporal dynamics, and a foundation for future interventions aiming at optimal preservation of function of both organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M. Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Nele Hermanns
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Mocayar Marón FJ, Camargo AB, Manucha W. Allicin pharmacology: Common molecular mechanisms against neuroinflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2020; 249:117513. [PMID: 32145307 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
According to investigations in phytomedicine and ethnopharmacology, the therapeutic properties of garlic (Allium sativum) have been described by ancestral cultures. Notwithstanding, it is of particular concern to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this millenary empirical knowledge. Allicin (S-allyl prop-2-ene-1-sulfinothioate), a thioester of sulfenic acid, is one of the main bioactive compounds present in garlic, and it is responsible for the particular aroma of the spice. The pharmacological attributes of allicin integrate a broad spectrum of properties (e.g., anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibiotic, antifungal, antiparasitic, antioxidant, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-tumoral activities, among others). The primary goal of the present article is to review and clarify the common molecular mechanisms by which allicin and its derivates molecules may perform its therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases and neuroinflammatory processes. The intricate interface connecting the cardiovascular and nervous systems suggests that the impairment of one organ could contribute to the dysfunction of the other. Allicin might target the cornerstone of the pathological processes underlying cardiovascular and neuroinflammatory disorders, like inflammation, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) hyperactivation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Indeed, the current evidence suggests that allicin improves mitochondrial function by enhancing the expression of HSP70 and NRF2, decreasing RAAS activation, and promoting mitochondrial fusion processes. Finally, allicin represents an attractive therapeutic alternative targeting the complex interaction between cardiovascular and neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feres José Mocayar Marón
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU-UNCuyo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Beatriz Camargo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM), CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Walter Manucha
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU-UNCuyo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.
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