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Jasbi A, Sand K, Marshman Z, Høiseth M. Investigating hope in oral health promotion for adolescents: an exploratory study based on observations at the dental clinic. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1303933. [PMID: 38445093 PMCID: PMC10913602 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1303933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Maintaining well-being is crucial, especially in challenging conditions, considering the common public health issue of dental caries. Within the context of adolescent oral health, this research explores the techniques employed by dental professionals to potentially foster hope -a positive manner that promotes well-being- in adolescents during consultations, opening a window into the realm of patient engagement and well-being. Materials and methods Data were collected through observations conducted at public dental clinics in Norway, with the participation of three dental professionals and four adolescents between the ages of 12 and 15 years. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Practices were observed from dental professionals in their interactions with adolescents, which align with features of hope. Result Three core themes were identified: (1) bonding strategies; (2) verbal and non-verbal strategies for creating positive relationships; and (3) adolescents' empowerment in dental consultations. Conclusion Although a new concept within oral health promotion, it seems that dental professionals in this study were observed to be facilitating hope in adolescents when they were providing their dental care. Consideration should be given to the potential for future approaches to be developed for use in dental consultations to facilitate hope strategically. While these approaches are likely to contribute to improving patient-centredness, consideration is needed of challenges and barriers to their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arefe Jasbi
- Department of Design, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari Sand
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Marikken Høiseth
- Department of Design, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, Trondheim, Norway
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Dimenäs SL, Andersson JS, Jönsson B, Lundgren J, Petzold M, Östberg AL, Abrahamsson KH. Adolescents' self-reported experiences following a person-centred, theory-based educational intervention versus conventional education for improved oral hygiene: Analysis of secondary outcomes of a randomized field study. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:63-73. [PMID: 37822115 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To analyse adolescents' self-reported experiences and behavioural outcomes of a person-centred, theory-based intervention in comparison with conventional information/instruction for improved oral hygiene. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were derived from a prospective, multi-centred, two-arm, quasi-randomized field study focusing on the effectiveness of educational interventions for improved oral hygiene. Dental hygienists working within the Public Dental Service, Västra Götaland, Sweden, provided treatments, and adolescents with poor oral hygiene conditions were eligible for participation. The person-centred test intervention was based on social cognitive constructs, and motivational interviewing was used as an approach in communication. The control intervention included conventional information/instructions. Clinical examinations were performed, and questionnaires were distributed at baseline and at 6 months. Three-hundred and twelve patients were enrolled, and data from 276 patients, following treatment per protocol, were analysed. RESULTS The test group was more satisfied with the education about gingivitis (very good: 61% vs. 37%) and communication during therapy (very good: 69% vs. 50%) and reported to a larger extent that they were much more careful regarding their oral hygiene after the treatment (30% vs. 15%) and had higher confidence about keeping up healthy gingival conditions, in comparison with the control group (all p < .01). CONCLUSIONS The person-centred, theory-based intervention was superior in terms of adolescents' experiences of education and communication during therapy and self-reported oral hygiene behavioural outcomes at 6 months, in comparison with conventional information/instruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Dimenäs
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinic of Periodontics, Gothenburg, Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jessica S Andersson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinic of Periodontics, Gothenburg, Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Jönsson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway (TkNN), Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jesper Lundgren
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Max Petzold
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Lena Östberg
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kajsa H Abrahamsson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinic of Periodontics, Gothenburg, Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Skeie MS, Sen A, Dahllöf G, Fagerhaug TN, Høvik H, Klock KS. Dental caries at enamel and dentine level among European adolescents - a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:620. [PMID: 36529722 PMCID: PMC9762106 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast with the last century, caries epidemiology has begun integrating enamel caries into determinations of caries prevalence and experience. The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the caries status including estimations of enamel caries, of European adolescents. METHOD Four databases (Medline Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, and SweMed+) were systematically searched from 1 January 2000 through 20 September 2021 for peer-reviewed publications on caries prevalence and caries experience in 12-19-year-olds; that also included evaluations of enamel lesions. Summary estimates were calculated using random effect model. RESULTS Overall, 30 publications were selected for the systematic review covering 25 observational studies. Not all studies could be used in the meta-analyses. Caries prevalence was 77% (n = 22 studies). Highest prevalence was reported in the age groups 16-19 years, and in studies where caries examinations were done before 2010. The overall mean DMFT score was 5.93 (n = 14 studies) and it was significantly lower among Scandinavian adolescents than among other European adolescents (4.43 vs. 8.89). The proportion of enamel caries (n = 7 studies) was 50%, and highest in the lowest age group (12-15 years). Results from the present systematic review reflected the caries distribution to be skewed at individual-, tooth- and surface levels; at tooth and surface level, also changed according to age. CONCLUSIONS Although studies in which the caries examinations had been done in 2010 or later documented a reduction in caries prevalence, caries during adolescence still constitutes a burden. Thus, the potential for preventing development of more severe caries lesions, as seen in the substantial volume of enamel caries during early adolescence, should be fully exploited. For this to happen, enamel caries should be a part of epidemiological reporting in national registers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit S. Skeie
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Clinical Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway ,Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Abhijit Sen
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Göran Dahllöf
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tone Natland Fagerhaug
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hedda Høvik
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin S. Klock
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Clinical Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway
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Dolatabadi S, Bohlouli B, Amin M. Associations between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Oral Health Behaviours in Adolescents. Int J Dent Hyg 2022; 20:593-600. [PMID: 35920241 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Self-efficacy is a strong health predictor as it affects patients' certainty about their ability to perform recommended behaviours to improve their health. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between perceived self-efficacy and oral health behaviours among adolescents. METHODS A convenience sample of adolescents aged 12 to 18 years old were recruited from University of Alberta dental clinic. Demographics, oral health behaviours, self-rated oral health, and task-specific and general self-efficacy were assessed using a questionnaire with three sections. For the comparisons of outcomes across different categories, Student t-test, multivariate regression, and chi-squared tests were used. RESULTS Total of 252 adolescents with average (SD) age of 14 (1.7) years participated in the study; 60% were girls; 81% were born in Canada; 56% were White; and 61% had dental coverage. Demographic characteristics had no significant correlation with general self-efficacy. However, correlation coefficients indicated that younger adolescents had higher dietary self-efficacy (negative correlation), girls had higher toothbrushing and dental visit self-efficacy, and those with dental coverage had higher dental visit self-efficacy. A significant association was found between toothbrushing, dietary habits, and dental visits self-efficacy (subscales of task-specific self-efficacy) and their respective outcomes (frequency of toothbrushing, sugar-intake, and regular dentist visits). General self-efficacy was significantly associated with frequency of toothbrushing and participant's self-rated oral health. CONCLUSION Higher task-specific and general self-efficacy correlated with better oral health behaviours among adolescents. Therefore, behavioural interventions should be designed to enhance self-efficacy among adolescents in order to improve their oral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Dolatabadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Babak Bohlouli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Maryam Amin
- Department of Dentistry & Dental Hygiene, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Oral Health-Related Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Arab Dental Students: Multi-National Cross-Sectional Study and Literature Analysis 2000-2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031658. [PMID: 35162682 PMCID: PMC8835654 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dental students are the future leaders of oral health in their respective communities; therefore, their oral health-related attitudes and behaviours are of practical value for primary disease prevention. The present study aimed to evaluate oral health-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of dental students in Arab countries and explore the potential sociodemographic predictors of their oral health outcomes. A multi-centre, cross-sectional study was conducted during the academic year 2019/2020 in three Arab countries: Lebanon, Syria, and Tunisia. The study used a validated Arabic version of the Hiroshima University Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) composed of original twenty items that assess the level of oral health-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours, and four additional dichotomous items related to tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, problematic internet use, and regular dental check-up The HU-DBI score ranges between 0 and 12. A total of 1430 students took part in this study, out of which 60.8% were females, 57.8% were enrolled in clinical years, 24.5% were tobacco smokers, 7.2% were alcohol drinkers, and 87% reported internet addiction. The mean HU-DBI score was 6.31 ± 1.84, with Lebanon having the highest score (6.67 ± 1.83), followed by Syria (6.38 ± 1.83) and Tunisia (6.05 ± 1.83). Clinical students (6.78 ± 1.70) had higher HU-DBI scores than their preclinical peers (5.97 ± 1.86). The year-over-year analysis revealed that dental public health and preventive dentistry courses had significantly and positively impacted the undergraduate students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours. The gender-based differences were not statistically significant, with a modest trend favouring males, especially oral health behaviours. Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and problematic internet use were associated with lower HU-DBI scores. In the Arab world, the economic rank of the country where the dental students live/study was weakly correlated with the students’ mean HU-DBI score.
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Hagman J, Wide U, Werner H, Hakeberg M. Oral health and oral health behavior in young adults with caries disease. BDJ Open 2021; 7:28. [PMID: 34333512 PMCID: PMC8325684 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-021-00084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to describe and analyze oral health, oral health behaviors, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in relation to the level of caries disease among caries-active young adults. Material and methods This study presents data from a sample of young adults (n = 135) with active caries disease who were enrolled in a clinical, randomized controlled trial. The independent variables of sociodemographics, oral health (gingivitis, plaque), oral health behaviors (such as toothbrushing, dental attendance, sugar-containing sweets and drinks), dental anxiety, self-rated oral health, and OHRQoL were collected. Multinomial logistic regression was used to simultaneously evaluate the associations between the independent variables and caries severity. Results Multinominal logistic regression showed that poor OHRQoL and gingivitis were associated with caries severity in a gradient fashion in accordance with caries disease activity. Also, irregular dental care and frequent consumption of sugary soda were significantly associated with very high caries severity. Conclusions The risk factors related to caries severity among young adults were poor OHRQoL, gingivitis, consumption of sugary soda and irregular dental care attendance, indicating the need for a combination of different interventions specifically health behavior change. Furthermore, these findings may contribute to identifying high caries-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Hagman
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ulla Wide
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helene Werner
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hakeberg
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Fägerstad A, Lundgren J, Arnrup K, Carlson E. Barriers and facilitators for adolescent girls to take on adult responsibility for dental care - a qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2019; 14:1678971. [PMID: 31608818 PMCID: PMC6807868 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2019.1678971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to explore and describe experiences of the dental care system among adolescent dental patients with a recent history of missed dental appointments at public dental clinics (PDCs) in a Swedish county. Methods: Twelve adolescent girls participated in the study. Data were collected by individual, semi-structured, open-ended interviews and analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The study findings could be summed into the theme "Triggers for adolescent girls to take on or not take on adult responsibility for dental care". The experience of free dental care could be summarized in five main categories: Pain and discomfort; Attractive and healthy teeth; Feeling safe and secure; Taking on the responsibility; and Free of charge. These five categories consisted of 15 subcategories. Conclusions: The results of this study should increase the knowledge on how to meet and treat adolescent girls in dental care. Knowing what will happen during the dental visit was highlighted by the participants as decisive to whether or not they would attend their dental appointments. Therefore, we should as far as possible ensure that our patients feel safe at their dental visits and by trying to avoid painful treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anida Fägerstad
- Public Dental Service, Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jesper Lundgren
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Arnrup
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University Health Care Research Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Eva Carlson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University Health Care Research Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Virtanen JI, Muikku T, Similä T, Cinar AB, Pohjola V. Physical activity, BMI and oral health behaviour among adolescents: Finnish School Health Promotion Study. Eur J Public Health 2019; 29:296-302. [PMID: 30252075 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess associations between oral health behaviour and physical activity and related factors among adolescents. METHODS The study population (n = 76 529) consisted of a representative sample of 16- to 18-year-old Finnish adolescents (boys: 37 211, girls: 39 318). An anonymous, confidential and voluntary classroom-administered questionnaire included questions about tooth brushing frequency, physical activity, BMI and eating habits. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was used to assess the adolescents' physical activity. The chi-square test and multiple binary logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for MVPA, BMI, breakfast, smoking and socioeconomic factors as parents' education and school type. RESULTS The prevalence of twice daily tooth brushing was highest among adolescents reporting 4 hours or more of MVPA (51-77%). Obese and smoking adolescents exercised less often than normal weighted and non-smokers. Girls brushed their teeth twice daily significantly more often than boys (P < 0.001), and high-school students brushed their teeth significantly more often than vocational school students (P < 0.001). Logistic regression models showed that obesity (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.92-2.37) and irregular breakfast eating (OR = 2.35, 95% CI 2.19-2.52) among boys, and obesity (OR = 2.81, 95% CI 2.48-3.17), physical inactivity (OR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.78-2.00) and irregular breakfast eating (OR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.79-2.04) among girls were strong predictors for poor tooth brushing. CONCLUSIONS Physically active adolescents had better oral health behaviour than less active adolescents. Obesity and smoking were associated with infrequent tooth brushing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuija Muikku
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Toni Similä
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ayse B Cinar
- Dental Health Services Research Unit, Dundee Dental School and Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Vesa Pohjola
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Tadakamadla SK, Tadakamadla J, Kroon J, Lalloo R, Johnson NW. Effect of family characteristics on periodontal diseases in children and adolescents-A systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2019; 18:3-16. [PMID: 30941877 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To synthesize the literature on the influence of family/parents characteristics on periodontal diseases in children and adolescents. METHODS An electronic search for relevant literature published between 2007 and 2017 was undertaken in PubMed, Embase, Cinahl and Cochrane databases; the search was updated in April 2018. Two reviewers independently reviewed the abstracts of these; of which, 43 articles were reviewed in full. RESULTS Of the 746 retrieved titles, 649 remained after removing duplicates. Thirty articles met the inclusion criteria, and 13 were excluded. Also, two were included from the updated search. Data from the reviewed articles indicate that all three indicators of parent's socioeconomic status (income, education and occupation) are significantly associated with periodontal diseases in children. Better periodontal status was observed in children of parents with higher SES than those whose parents were of lower SES. Although the association between parent's smoking practices, level of periodontal diseases and children's periodontal status was explored only in few studies, findings indicate that children exposed to passive smoking and having parents with periodontal diseases are more likely to present with periodontal diseases as well. CONCLUSIONS Most of the studies considered socioeconomic factors and had not attempted to explore the impact of parental psychosocial variables on periodontal diseases in children. The literature indicates that these variables significantly influence health practices, including oral hygiene practices, which could ultimately affect periodontal health. More studies are required to explore the association of these variables with periodontal outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Tadakamadla
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jyothi Tadakamadla
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeroen Kroon
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ratilal Lalloo
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Newell W Johnson
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland & School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Ferreira RDO, Corrêa MG, Magno MB, Almeida APCPSC, Fagundes NCF, Rosing CK, Maia LC, Lima RR. Physical Activity Reduces the Prevalence of Periodontal Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Physiol 2019; 10:234. [PMID: 30949062 PMCID: PMC6438044 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Regular physical activity boosts several physical capacities and reduces many inflammatory markers of several diseases. In this sense, periodontal disease is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of tooth supporting tissues that has been claimed to trigger processes of systemic alterations. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of physical activity on periodontal disease. Methods: Observational studies published until August 2018 were searched in online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar) after developing a PECO statement that focused on the comparison between adults that followed a routine of exercises or presented a sedentary lifestyle and its effects on periodontal disease. Searching and data extraction were conducted by following PRISMA guidelines. Registration protocol: CRD42016049661. Quality assessment and risk of bias were analyzed by following Fowkes and Fulton protocol. Results: A total of 512 references were retrieved, while only seven were considered eligible. Two meta-analysis involving the prevalence of periodontal disease and unadjusted/adjusted Odds ratio were performed. One of studies did not find association between clinical periodontal parameters and physical activity. Six articles suggested an association between periodontal disease and regular practice of physical activity since a reduction of periodontal prevalence was observed. Moderate level of evidence was demonstrated on GRADE analysis. Conclusion: Physical activity was associated as a potential tool for reduction of periodontal disease prevalence. The frequency of physical activity is directly related to a low occurrence of periodontitis. However, it is important that further investigations evaluate the effects of other exercise variables, such as volume and intensity, on the periodontal disease prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Railson de Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Marcio Gonçalves Corrêa
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Marcela Baraúna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará, Brazil
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