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Guha C, Khalid R, van Zwieten A, Francis A, Hawley CM, Jauré A, Teixeira-Pinto A, Mallard AR, Bernier-Jean A, Johnson DW, Hahn D, Reidlinger D, Pascoe EM, Ryan EG, Mackie F, McCarthy HJ, Craig JC, Varghese J, Kiriwandeniya C, Howard K, Larkins NG, Macauley L, Walker A, Howell M, Irving M, Caldwell PHY, Woodleigh R, Jesudason S, Carter SA, Kennedy SE, Alexander SI, McTaggart S, Wong G. Baseline characteristics of participants in the NAVKIDS 2 trial: a patient navigator program in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 38:1577-1590. [PMID: 36264432 PMCID: PMC9584266 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05772-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) require multidisciplinary care to meet their complex healthcare needs. Patient navigators are trained non-medical personnel who assist patients and caregivers to overcome barriers to accessing health services through care coordination. This trial aims to determine the effectiveness of a patient navigator program in children with CKD. METHODS The NAVKIDS2 trial is a multi-center, waitlisted, randomized controlled trial of patient navigators in children with CKD conducted at five sites across Australia. Children (0-16 years) with CKD from low socioeconomic status rural or remote areas were randomized to an intervention group or a waitlisted control group (to receive intervention after 6 months). The study primary and secondary endpoints include the self-rated health (SRH) (primary), and utility-based quality of life, progression of kidney dysfunction of the child, SRH, and satisfaction with healthcare of the caregiver at 6 months post-randomization. RESULTS The trial completed recruitment in October 2021 with expected completion of follow-up by October 2022. There were 162 patients enrolled with 80 and 82 patients randomized to the immediate intervention and waitlisted groups, respectively. Fifty-eight (36%) participants were from regional/remote areas, with a median (IQR) age of 9.5 (5.0, 13.0) years, 46% were of European Australian ethnicity, and 65% were male. A total of 109 children (67%) had CKD stages 1-5, 42 (26%) were transplant recipients, and 11 (7%) were receiving dialysis. CONCLUSION The NAVKIDS2 trial is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of patient navigation in children with CKD from families experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Guha
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rabia Khalid
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anita van Zwieten
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Francis
- Child and Adolescent Renal Services, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Carmel M Hawley
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Allison Jauré
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Armando Teixeira-Pinto
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alistair R Mallard
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Amelie Bernier-Jean
- CIUSSS du Nord-de-l'Île de Montréal, University of Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - David W Johnson
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Deirdre Hahn
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Donna Reidlinger
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elaine M Pascoe
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Ryan
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- QCIF Facility for Advanced Bioinformatics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fiona Mackie
- Department of Nephrology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hugh J McCarthy
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan C Craig
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Julie Varghese
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Charani Kiriwandeniya
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kirsten Howard
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics and Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Larkins
- Department of Nephrology, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Amanda Walker
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Martin Howell
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Irving
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Centre for Evidence and Implementation, 33 Lincoln Square South Carlton, Melbourne, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Patrina H Y Caldwell
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Shilpanjali Jesudason
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service (CNARTS), Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Simon A Carter
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sean E Kennedy
- Department of Nephrology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen I Alexander
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven McTaggart
- Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Germaine Wong
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Gill I, Shah A, Lee EK, Sommer R, Ross K, Bole A, Freedman D. Community Interventions for Childhood Asthma ED Visits and Hospitalizations: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics 2022; 150:189494. [PMID: 36102121 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-054825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A systematic review of interventions in community environments found significant reductions in childhood asthma exacerbations leading to emergency department visits and hospitalizations. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Structural and social determinants of childhood asthma inequities manifest within geographic communities that are often segregated. Childhood asthma disproportionately affects Black, Hispanic, and low-income populations. Community interventions have the potential to improve inequities in emergency healthcare. This systematic review was conducted to assess the effectiveness of childhood asthma community interventions and provide a conceptual model to inform implementation of future community interventions. METHODS Publications from PubMed, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and hand searched references were examined from 2010 to 2021. Community intervention studies among children with asthma were included. Main outcomes were emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Community interventions exclusively focusing on schools or hospitals were excluded. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility for final inclusion. Emergency healthcare findings were extracted in addition to co-benefits (eg, fewer missed school days and caregiver workdays). RESULTS Out of 1856 records, 26 publications met the inclusion criteria. Community interventions were categorized by care coordination (n = 8), policy and environmental changes (eg, smoke-free legislature, traffic reduction models, and green housing) (n = 8), home-based (n = 6), and community-based health services (n = 4). Selected studies indicated that community interventions significantly reduced childhood asthma emergency department visits and hospitalizations through increased caregiver self-efficacy, home environmental trigger reduction, and increased access to healthcare. Because of heterogeneity among studies, we were unable to conduct a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS Findings show significant associations between community interventions and the reduction of emergency healthcare, suggesting a protective effect for severe cases of childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- India Gill
- Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences
| | - Aashna Shah
- Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences.,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences.,Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rachael Sommer
- Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences
| | - Kristie Ross
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Aparna Bole
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.,Division of General Academic Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Darcy Freedman
- Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences
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Davies SC, Lundine JP, Justice AF. Care Coordination for Children with Special Health Care Needs: A Scoping Review to Inform Strategies for Students with Traumatic Brain Injuries. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2022; 92:270-281. [PMID: 34907533 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic and complex medical issues, including traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), have significant educational implications. The purpose of this study was to identify and summarize the literature on care coordination strategies among health care professionals, educators, and caregivers for children with special health care needs (CSHCN). Clarifying factors that influence care coordination for CSHCN can inform future studies on care coordination for students with TBI. Improved understanding of these factors may lead to better communication, reduction of unmet needs, more efficient service access, and improved long-term outcomes for children. METHODS A scoping review was conducted, guided by PRISMA-ScR methodology. Five databases (CINAHL, PSYCINFO, EMBASE, ERIC, PubMed) were searched to identify relevant studies that focused on care coordination and educational settings. RESULTS Twelve articles met inclusion criteria. Care coordination interventions for CSHCN used in educational settings focused on relationship-building strategies, clear procedures and roles, and education of members of the school community. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight strategies to coordinate care for CSHCN and factors that may moderate effects of these interventions. Key stakeholders should now study these strategies specifically in children with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C Davies
- Department of Counselor Education and Human Services, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45469
| | - Jennifer P Lundine
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University Division of Clinical Therapies and Inpatient Rehabilitation, Nationwide Children's Hospital 101A Pressey Hall, 1070 Carmack RD, Columbus, OH, 43210
| | - Ann F Justice
- Department of Counselor Education and Human Services University of Dayton 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45469
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Tyris J, Keller S, Parikh K. Social Risk Interventions and Health Care Utilization for Pediatric Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2022; 176:e215103. [PMID: 34870710 PMCID: PMC8649910 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.5103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Social determinants of health (SDOH) correlate with pediatric asthma morbidity, yet whether interventions addressing social risks are associated with asthma outcomes among children is unclear. OBJECTIVE To catalog asthma interventions by the social risks they address and synthesize their associations with asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations among children. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, CINAHL, and references of included full-text articles were searched from January 1, 2008, to June 16, 2021. STUDY SELECTION Included articles were US-based studies evaluating the associations of interventions addressing 1 or more social risks with asthma-related ED visits and hospitalizations among children. The systematic review included 38 of the original 641 identified articles (6%), and the meta-analysis included 19 articles (3%). DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data extraction followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline. The SDOH intervention clusters were identified by grouping studies according to the social risks they addressed, using the Healthy People 2020 SDOH framework. Random-effects models created pooled risk ratios (RRs) as the effect estimates. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Patients with ED visits or hospitalizations were the primary outcomes. Subgroup analyses were conducted by an SDOH intervention cluster. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for each, removing outlier studies and studies failing to meet the minimum quality threshold. RESULTS In total, 38 studies were included in the systematic review, with 19 of these studies providing data for the meta-analysis (5441 participants). All interventions addressed 1 or more of the health, environment, and community domains; no interventions focused on the economy or education domains. In the primary analysis, social risk interventions were associated with decreased ED visits (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.57-0.81; I2 = 70%) and hospitalizations (RR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.37-0.68; I2 = 69%). In subgroup analyses, the health, environment, and community intervention cluster produced the lowest RR for ED visits (RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.44-0.64; I2 = 50%) and for hospitalizations (RR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.20-0.55; I2 = 71%) compared with other intervention clusters. Sensitivity analyses did not alter primary or subgroup effect estimates. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that social risk interventions are associated with decreased asthma-related ED visits and hospitalizations among children. These findings suggest that addressing social risks may be a crucial component of pediatric asthma care to improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Tyris
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC,George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Susan Keller
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Kavita Parikh
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC,George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
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5
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Mosnaim G, Safioti G, Brown R, DePietro M, Szefler SJ, Lang DM, Portnoy JM, Bukstein DA, Bacharier LB, Merchant RK. Digital Health Technology in Asthma: A Comprehensive Scoping Review. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:2377-2398. [PMID: 33652136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of digital intervention approaches have been investigated for asthma therapy during the past decade, with different levels of interactivity and personalization and a range of impacts on different outcome measurements. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of digital interventions in asthma with regard to acceptability and outcomes and evaluate the potential of digital initiatives for monitoring or treating patients with asthma. METHODS We evaluated digital interventions using a scoping review methodology through a literature search and review. Of 871 articles identified, 121 were evaluated to explore intervention characteristics, the perception and acceptability of digital interventions to patients and physicians, and effects on asthma outcomes. Interventions were categorized by their level of interactivity with the patient. RESULTS Interventions featuring non-individualized content sent to patients appeared capable of promoting improved adherence to inhaled corticosteroids, but with no identified improvement in asthma burden; and data-gathering interventions appeared to have little effect on adherence or asthma burden. Evidence of improvement in both adherence and patients' impairment due to asthma were seen only with interactive interventions involving two-way responsive patient communication. Digital interventions were generally positively perceived by patients and physicians. Implementation was considered feasible, with certain preferences for design and features important to drive use. CONCLUSIONS Digital health interventions show substantial promise for asthma disease monitoring and personalization of treatment. To be successful, future interventions will need to include both inhaler device and software elements, combining accurate measurement of clinical parameters with careful consideration of ease of use, personalization, and patient engagement aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Mosnaim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, Ill
| | | | - Randall Brown
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc, West Chester, Pa
| | - Michael DePietro
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc, West Chester, Pa.
| | - Stanley J Szefler
- The Breathing Institute and Pulmonary Medicine Section, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo
| | - David M Lang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jay M Portnoy
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Mo
| | - Don A Bukstein
- Allergy, Asthma and Sinus Center, Milwaukee, Greenfield, Wis
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Rajan K Merchant
- Woodland Clinic Medical Group, Allergy Department, Dignity Health, Woodland, Calif
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Gibson-Young LM, Aroian KJ, Weglicki LS, Lang JE, Norris CL. Interviews with caregivers during acute asthma hospitalisations. J Asthma 2019; 57:778-786. [PMID: 31025890 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1602875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Childhood asthma is complex and poor management of childhood asthma is the leading health reason for pediatric emergency department visits, hospitalizations and missed school days for school-aged children. The purpose of this study was to explore caregiver perceptions of home management of childhood asthma in school-aged children who have been hospitalized for asthma. Methods: Using qualitative descriptive design with in-depth interviews, we aimed to explore family caregiver perceptions of managing asthma in school-aged children between 5 and 12 years of age. Results: Data were collected from 17 participants; however, two transcripts were incomplete due to interruption in interview from medical team. The sample consisted of 15 families with child age mean of 8 years, and diagnosed with asthma at 2 years and 8 months. Four experts with asthma and research design analyzed all transcripts and six clear themes emerged. These themes included family or caregiver burden, care coordination, certainty or uncertainty continuum, effort to control, sign or symptom recognition, and trigger recognition. In this article, we defined each theme and identify specific statements from families on daily life when affected by childhood asthma. Conclusions: The findings of this study confirm and extend results from other studies of caregivers who have school-aged children diagnosed with asthma. This study found that families play a vital role in management of asthma on a daily basis and families often assess the overall management of asthma by all child relations throughout the day. Clinical implications are highlighted within each theme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Gibson-Young
- Department of Nursing, Auburn University School of Nursing, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Karen J Aroian
- Professor Emerita, UCF College of Nursing, University of Central Florida College of Nursing, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Linda S Weglicki
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jason E Lang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Children's Hospital and Health Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Casey L Norris
- Department of Nursing, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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Lothrop N, Hussaini K, Billheimer D, Beamer P. Community-level characteristics and environmental factors of child respiratory illnesses in Southern Arizona. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:516. [PMID: 28545417 PMCID: PMC5445507 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4424-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower respiratory illnesses (LRIs) and asthma are common diseases in children <5 years of age. Few studies have investigated the relationships between multiple, home-based social and environmental risk factors and asthma and LRIs in children. Of those that have, none have focused exclusively on children <5 years of age, who are more physiologically vulnerable and spend more time at home compared to older children. Further, no studies have done so at the community level. METHODS We modeled relationships between emergency department visits and hospitalization rates for asthma and LRIs for children <5 years and geographic risk factors, including socio-economic and housing characteristics, ambient air pollution levels, and population density in Maricopa and Pima Counties, Arizona, from 2005 to 2009. We used a generalized linear model with a negative binomial observation distribution and an offset for the population of very young children in each tract. To reduce multicollinearity among predictors, socio-economic characteristics, and ambient air pollutant levels were combined into unit-less indices using the principal components analysis (PCA). Housing characteristics variables did not exhibit moderate-to-high correlations and thus were not included in PCA. Spatial autocorrelation among regression model residuals was assessed with the Global Moran's I test. RESULTS Following the regression analyses, almost all predictors were significantly related to at least one disease outcome. Lower socio-economic status (SES) and reduced population density were associated with asthma hospitalization rates and both LRI outcomes (p values <0.001). After adjusting for differences between counties, Pima County residence was associated with lower asthma and LRI hospitalization rates. No spatial autocorrelation was found among multiple regression model residuals (p values >0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed complex, multi-factorial associations between predictors and outcomes. Findings indicate that many rural areas with lower SES have distinct factors for childhood respiratory diseases that require further investigation. County-wide differences in maternal characteristics or agricultural land uses (not tested here) may also play a role in Pima County residence protecting against hospitalizations, when compared to Maricopa County. By better understanding this and other relationships, more focused public health interventions at the community level could be developed to reduce and better control these diseases in children <5 years, who are more physiologically vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Lothrop
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Khaleel Hussaini
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
- Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Dean Billheimer
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Paloma Beamer
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
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Posadzki P, Mastellos N, Ryan R, Gunn LH, Felix LM, Pappas Y, Gagnon M, Julious SA, Xiang L, Oldenburg B, Car J. Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long-term conditions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 12:CD009921. [PMID: 27960229 PMCID: PMC6463821 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009921.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Automated telephone communication systems (ATCS) can deliver voice messages and collect health-related information from patients using either their telephone's touch-tone keypad or voice recognition software. ATCS can supplement or replace telephone contact between health professionals and patients. There are four different types of ATCS: unidirectional (one-way, non-interactive voice communication), interactive voice response (IVR) systems, ATCS with additional functions such as access to an expert to request advice (ATCS Plus) and multimodal ATCS, where the calls are delivered as part of a multicomponent intervention. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of ATCS for preventing disease and managing long-term conditions on behavioural change, clinical, process, cognitive, patient-centred and adverse outcomes. SEARCH METHODS We searched 10 electronic databases (the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; MEDLINE; Embase; PsycINFO; CINAHL; Global Health; WHOLIS; LILACS; Web of Science; and ASSIA); three grey literature sources (Dissertation Abstracts, Index to Theses, Australasian Digital Theses); and two trial registries (www.controlled-trials.com; www.clinicaltrials.gov) for papers published between 1980 and June 2015. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised, cluster- and quasi-randomised trials, interrupted time series and controlled before-and-after studies comparing ATCS interventions, with any control or another ATCS type were eligible for inclusion. Studies in all settings, for all consumers/carers, in any preventive healthcare or long term condition management role were eligible. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods to select and extract data and to appraise eligible studies. MAIN RESULTS We included 132 trials (N = 4,669,689). Studies spanned across several clinical areas, assessing many comparisons based on evaluation of different ATCS types and variable comparison groups. Forty-one studies evaluated ATCS for delivering preventive healthcare, 84 for managing long-term conditions, and seven studies for appointment reminders. We downgraded our certainty in the evidence primarily because of the risk of bias for many outcomes. We judged the risk of bias arising from allocation processes to be low for just over half the studies and unclear for the remainder. We considered most studies to be at unclear risk of performance or detection bias due to blinding, while only 16% of studies were at low risk. We generally judged the risk of bias due to missing data and selective outcome reporting to be unclear.For preventive healthcare, ATCS (ATCS Plus, IVR, unidirectional) probably increase immunisation uptake in children (risk ratio (RR) 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18 to 1.32; 5 studies, N = 10,454; moderate certainty) and to a lesser extent in adolescents (RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.11; 2 studies, N = 5725; moderate certainty). The effects of ATCS in adults are unclear (RR 2.18, 95% CI 0.53 to 9.02; 2 studies, N = 1743; very low certainty).For screening, multimodal ATCS increase uptake of screening for breast cancer (RR 2.17, 95% CI 1.55 to 3.04; 2 studies, N = 462; high certainty) and colorectal cancer (CRC) (RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.88 to 2.55; 3 studies, N = 1013; high certainty) versus usual care. It may also increase osteoporosis screening. ATCS Plus interventions probably slightly increase cervical cancer screening (moderate certainty), but effects on osteoporosis screening are uncertain. IVR systems probably increase CRC screening at 6 months (RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.48; 2 studies, N = 16,915; moderate certainty) but not at 9 to 12 months, with probably little or no effect of IVR (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.99, 1.11; 2 studies, 2599 participants; moderate certainty) or unidirectional ATCS on breast cancer screening.Appointment reminders delivered through IVR or unidirectional ATCS may improve attendance rates compared with no calls (low certainty). For long-term management, medication or laboratory test adherence provided the most general evidence across conditions (25 studies, data not combined). Multimodal ATCS versus usual care showed conflicting effects (positive and uncertain) on medication adherence. ATCS Plus probably slightly (versus control; moderate certainty) or probably (versus usual care; moderate certainty) improves medication adherence but may have little effect on adherence to tests (versus control). IVR probably slightly improves medication adherence versus control (moderate certainty). Compared with usual care, IVR probably improves test adherence and slightly increases medication adherence up to six months but has little or no effect at longer time points (moderate certainty). Unidirectional ATCS, compared with control, may have little effect or slightly improve medication adherence (low certainty). The evidence suggested little or no consistent effect of any ATCS type on clinical outcomes (blood pressure control, blood lipids, asthma control, therapeutic coverage) related to adherence, but only a small number of studies contributed clinical outcome data.The above results focus on areas with the most general findings across conditions. In condition-specific areas, the effects of ATCS varied, including by the type of ATCS intervention in use.Multimodal ATCS probably decrease both cancer pain and chronic pain as well as depression (moderate certainty), but other ATCS types were less effective. Depending on the type of intervention, ATCS may have small effects on outcomes for physical activity, weight management, alcohol consumption, and diabetes mellitus. ATCS have little or no effect on outcomes related to heart failure, hypertension, mental health or smoking cessation, and there is insufficient evidence to determine their effects for preventing alcohol/substance misuse or managing illicit drug addiction, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HIV/AIDS, hypercholesterolaemia, obstructive sleep apnoea, spinal cord dysfunction or psychological stress in carers.Only four trials (3%) reported adverse events, and it was unclear whether these were related to the interventions. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS ATCS interventions can change patients' health behaviours, improve clinical outcomes and increase healthcare uptake with positive effects in several important areas including immunisation, screening, appointment attendance, and adherence to medications or tests. The decision to integrate ATCS interventions in routine healthcare delivery should reflect variations in the certainty of the evidence available and the size of effects across different conditions, together with the varied nature of ATCS interventions assessed. Future research should investigate both the content of ATCS interventions and the mode of delivery; users' experiences, particularly with regard to acceptability; and clarify which ATCS types are most effective and cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Posadzki
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological UniversityCentre for Population Health Sciences (CePHaS)3 Fusionopolis Link, #06‐13Nexus@one‐northSingaporeSingapore138543
| | - Nikolaos Mastellos
- Imperial College LondonGlobal eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public HealthSt Dunstans RoadLondonHammersmithUKW6 8RP
| | - Rebecca Ryan
- La Trobe UniversityCentre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public HealthBundooraVICAustralia3086
| | - Laura H Gunn
- Stetson UniversityPublic Health Program421 N Woodland BlvdDeLandFloridaUSA32723
| | - Lambert M Felix
- Edge Hill UniversityFaculty of Health and Social CareSt Helens RoadOrmskirkLancashireUKL39 4QP
| | - Yannis Pappas
- University of BedfordshireInstitute for Health ResearchPark SquareLutonBedfordUKLU1 3JU
| | - Marie‐Pierre Gagnon
- Traumatologie – Urgence – Soins IntensifsCentre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Santé des populations ‐ Pratiques optimales en santé10 Rue de l'Espinay, D6‐727QuébecQCCanadaG1L 3L5
| | - Steven A Julious
- University of SheffieldMedical Statistics Group, School of Health and Related ResearchRegent Court, 30 Regent StreetSheffieldUKS1 4DA
| | - Liming Xiang
- Nanyang Technological UniversityDivision of Mathematical Sciences, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences21 Nanyang LinkSingaporeSingapore
| | - Brian Oldenburg
- University of MelbourneMelbourne School of Population and Global HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Josip Car
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological UniversityCentre for Population Health Sciences (CePHaS)3 Fusionopolis Link, #06‐13Nexus@one‐northSingaporeSingapore138543
- Imperial College LondonGlobal eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public HealthSt Dunstans RoadLondonHammersmithUKW6 8RP
- University of LjubljanaDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of MedicineLjubljanaSlovenia
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Janevic MR, Stoll S, Wilkin M, Song PXK, Baptist A, Lara M, Ramos-Valencia G, Bryant-Stephens T, Persky V, Uyeda K, Lesch JK, Wang W, Malveaux FJ. Pediatric Asthma Care Coordination in Underserved Communities: A Quasiexperimental Study. Am J Public Health 2016; 106:2012-2018. [PMID: 27631740 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of care coordination on asthma outcomes among children in underserved urban communities. METHODS We enrolled children, most of whom had very poorly or not well-controlled asthma, in medical-social care coordination programs in Los Angeles, California; Chicago, Illinois; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and San Juan, Puerto Rico in 2011 to 2014. Participants (n = 805; mean age = 7 years) were 60% male, 50% African American, and 42% Latino. We assessed asthma symptoms and health care utilization via parent interview at baseline and 12 months. To prevent overestimation of intervention effects, we constructed a comparison group using bootstrap resampling of matched control cases from previous pediatric asthma trials. RESULTS At follow-up, intervention participants had 2.2 fewer symptom days per month (SD = 0.3; P < .01) and 1.9 fewer symptom nights per month (SD = 0.35; P < .01) than did the comparison group. The relative risk in the past year associated with the intervention was 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.45, 0.89) for an emergency department visit and 0.69 (95% CI = 0.47, 1.01) for hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS Care coordination may improve pediatric asthma symptom control and reduce emergency department visits. POLICY IMPLICATIONS Expanding third-party reimbursement for care coordination services may help reduce pediatric asthma disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Janevic
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Shelley Stoll
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Margaret Wilkin
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Peter X K Song
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Alan Baptist
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Marielena Lara
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Gilberto Ramos-Valencia
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Tyra Bryant-Stephens
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Victoria Persky
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Kimberly Uyeda
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Julie Kennedy Lesch
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Wen Wang
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
| | - Floyd J Malveaux
- At the time of the study, Mary R. Janevic, Shelley Stoll, and Margaret Wilkin were with the Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Peter X. K. Song and Wen Wang are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Alan Baptist is with the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. Marielena Lara was with the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Gilberto Ramos-Valencia is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Tyra Bryant-Stephens is with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Victoria Persky is with the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois, Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL. Kimberly Uyeda is with the Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles. Julie Kennedy Lesch and Floyd J. Malveaux were with the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc., Washington, DC
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McHugh M, Harvey J, Hamil J, Verevkina NI, Alexander J, Scanlon DP. The Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Health Care Alliances' Quality Improvement Efforts in Targeted Communities: Perceptions of Health Care Alliance Leaders. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2016; 42:137-45. [PMID: 26892703 DOI: 10.1016/s1553-7250(16)42017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan McHugh
- Center for Healthcare Studies and Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
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11
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Kelly RP, Stoll SC, Bryant-Stephens T, Janevic MR, Lara M, Ohadike YU, Persky V, Ramos-Valencia G, Uyeda K, Malveaux FJ. The Influence of Setting on Care Coordination for Childhood Asthma. Health Promot Pract 2015; 16:867-77. [PMID: 26232778 PMCID: PMC4655362 DOI: 10.1177/1524839915598499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Asthma affects 7.1 million children in the United States, disproportionately burdening African American and Latino children. Barriers to asthma control include insufficient patient education and fragmented care. Care coordination represents a compelling approach to improve quality of care and address disparities in asthma. The sites of The Merck Childhood Asthma Network Care Coordination Programs implemented different models of care coordination to suit specific settings-school district, clinic or health care system, and community-and organizational structures. A variety of qualitative data sources were analyzed to determine the role setting played in the manifestation of care coordination at each site. There were inherent strengths and challenges of implementing care coordination in each of the settings, and each site used unique strategies to deliver their programs. The relationship between the lead implementing unit and entities that provided (1) access to the priority population and (2) clinical services to program participants played a critical role in the structure of the programs. The level of support and infrastructure provided by these entities to the lead implementing unit influenced how participants were identified and how asthma care coordinators were integrated into the clinical care team.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Patrick Kelly
- University of Michigan Center for Managing Chronic Disease, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shelley C Stoll
- University of Michigan Center for Managing Chronic Disease, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Mary R Janevic
- University of Michigan Center for Managing Chronic Disease, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Victoria Persky
- University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Kimberly Uyeda
- Los Angeles Unified School District, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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12
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Community-based interventions in asthma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 795:105-15. [PMID: 24162905 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8603-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Community and public health interventions provide potentially powerful means of decreasing morbidity, hospitalizations, emergency room visits, and mortality from asthma. This chapter thus provides an overview of community-based interventions, which have been demonstrated to be effective-and/or ineffective-in reducing the burden of disease, including development of asthma coalitions, interventions for both provider and patient education, environmental controls to reduce exposure to asthma triggers, and institutional policy and systems change. Perhaps most important is the demonstrated effect of integrated, comprehensive approaches to asthma management and control. A multidisciplinary approach spanning T1 through T4 translational research, coupled with public health activities is promising and has already demonstrated success in reducing the burden of disease.
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Jacquez F, Vaughn LM, Wagner E. Youth as partners, participants or passive recipients: a review of children and adolescents in community-based participatory research (CBPR). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2013; 51:176-89. [PMID: 22718087 DOI: 10.1007/s10464-012-9533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an orientation to research that places value on equitable collaborations between community members and academic partners, reflecting shared decision making throughout the research process. Although CBPR has become increasingly popular for research with adults, youth are less likely to be included as partners. In our review of the literature, we identified 399 articles described by author or MeSH keyword as CBPR related to youth. We analyzed each study to determine youth engagement. Not including misclassified articles, 27 % of percent of studies were community-placed but lacked a community partnership and/or participatory component. Only 56 (15 %) partnered with youth in some phase of the research process. Although youth were most commonly involved in identifying research questions/priorities and in designing/conducting research, most youth-partnered projects included children or adolescents in several phases of the research process. We outline content, methodology, phases of youth partnership, and age of participating youth in each CBPR with youth project, provide exemplars of CBPR with youth, and discuss the state of the youth-partnered research literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah Jacquez
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, 4150H Edwards Building One, PO Box 2120376, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0376, USA.
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14
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The Changing Nature of ICU Charge Nurses’ Decision Making: From Supervision of Care Delivery to Unit Resource Management. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2013; 39:38-47. [DOI: 10.1016/s1553-7250(13)39007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Childhood asthma: considerations for primary care practice and chronic disease management in the village of care. Prim Care 2012; 39:381-91. [PMID: 22608872 DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Childhood asthma is at historically high levels, with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite more than two decades of improved understanding of childhood asthma care and the evolution of beneficial medications, widespread control remains poor, leading to suboptimal patient outcomes and quality of life. This lack of control results in excessive emergency department use, hospitalizations, and inappropriate and/or unnecessary costs to the health care system. Advanced practice models that incorporate community-based approaches and services for childhood asthma are needed. Innovative, community-included methods of care to address the burden of childhood asthma may provide examples for care of other chronic diseases.
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Bryant-Stephens T, West C, Dirl C, Banks T, Briggs V, Rosenthal M. Asthma Prevalence in Philadelphia: Description of Two Community-Based Methodologies to Assess Asthma Prevalence in an Inner-City Population. J Asthma 2012; 49:581-5. [DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2012.690476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Smith LR, Nerz P, Bryant-Stephens T, Damitz M, Lara M, Peretz P, Valencia GR, Uyeda K, Darcy N, Viswanathan M, Lesch JK, Malveaux FJ. The role of partnerships in addressing childhood asthma: the experiences of the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc. (MCAN) initiative. Health Promot Pract 2012; 12:73S-81S. [PMID: 22068363 DOI: 10.1177/1524839911415263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Partnerships have taken on added importance in recent years because of their critical role in addressing complex public health problems and translating evidence-based practices to real-world settings. The Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc. initiative recognized the importance of partnerships in achieving the program's goals. In this article, case studies of the five Merck Childhood Asthma Network program sites describe the role of partnerships in the development and evolution of the program and its interventions. Three key factors contributed to the success of the partnerships: having common organizational goals, considering context in the selection and engagement of partners, and ensuring that each partnership benefited from the alliance. Over the 4-year program period, all five partnerships evolved, matured, and had an established goal to maintain collaboration.
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Findley S, Rosenthal M, Bryant-Stephens T, Damitz M, Lara M, Mansfield C, Matiz A, Nourani V, Peretz P, Persky VW, Valencia GR, Uyeda K, Viswanathan M. Community-based care coordination: practical applications for childhood asthma. Health Promot Pract 2012; 12:52S-62S. [PMID: 22068360 DOI: 10.1177/1524839911404231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Care coordination programs have been used to address chronic illnesses, including childhood asthma, but primarily via practice-based models. An alternative approach employs community-based care coordinators who bridge gaps between families, health care providers, and support services. Merck Childhood Asthma Network, Inc. (MCAN) sites developed community-based care coordination approaches for childhood asthma. Using a community-based care coordination logic model, programs at each site are described along with program operational statistics. Four sites used three to four community health workers (CHWs) to provide care coordination, whereas one site used five school-based asthma nurses. This school-based site had the highest caseload (82.5 per year), but program duration was 3 months with 4 calls or visits. Other sites averaged fewer cases (35 to 61 per CHW per year), but families received more (7 to 17) calls or visits over a year. Retention was 43% to 93% at 6 months and 24% to 75% at 12 months. Pre-post cross-site data document changes in asthma management behaviors and outcomes. After program participation, 93% to 100% of caregivers had confidence in controlling their child's asthma, 85% to 92% had taken steps to reduce triggers, 69% to 100% had obtained an asthma action plan, and 46% to 100% of those with moderate to severe asthma reported appropriate use of controller medication. Emergency department visits for asthma decreased by 36% to 63%, and asthma-related hospitalizations declined by 26% to 78%. More than three fourths had fewer school absences. In conclusion, MCAN community-based care coordination programs improved management behaviors and decreased morbidity across all sites.
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Abstract
The prevalence and burden of childhood asthma remain high and are increasing. Asthma hot spot neighborhoods around the country face particular challenges in controlling the effects of the condition. Increasing attention is being paid to developing interventions that recognize the child and family as the primary managers of disease and to introducing assistance that reaches beyond the clinical care setting into the places where families live and work. A range of types of community-focused interventions has been assessed in the past decade in schools, homes, and community health clinics, and programs using electronic media and phone links have been evaluated. Stronger evidence for all these approaches is needed. However, school-based programs and community coalitions designed to bring about policy and systems changes show particular promise for achieving sustainable improvements in asthma control. Research is needed that emphasizes comparisons among proven asthma control interventions, translation of effective approaches to new settings and communities, and institutionalization of effective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen M Clark
- Center for Managing Chronic Disease, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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20
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Robinson LM, Dauenhauer J, Bishop KM, Baxter J. Growing health disparities for persons who are aging with intellectual and developmental disabilities: the social work linchpin. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2012; 55:175-190. [PMID: 22324333 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2011.644030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Similar to the general population, adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are living into their 70s and beyond. Health care disparities have been well-documented for this vulnerable and underserved population. Social workers are often responsible for assessment, coordination of care, and negotiation of needed services for people with IDD. This article explores the challenges facing social workers in meeting the growing health and social needs of aging adults with IDD and their families. Trends in social work practice and gaps in education are discussed as they relate to addressing and reducing current health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Robinson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642, USA.
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Nelson P, Young HN, Knobloch MJ, Griesbach SA. Telephonic monitoring and optimization of inhaler technique. Telemed J E Health 2011; 17:734-40. [PMID: 21943162 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2011.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improper inhaler technique is a common problem affecting asthma control and healthcare costs. Telephonic asthma management can increase access to care while reducing costs and hospitalizations. However, no reliable method has been established for telephonically evaluating and correcting inhaler technique. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to pilot test a method for assessing and correcting patient inhaler technique via telephone. METHODS Participants (n=30) were adults with asthma using metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) and diskus inhalers. A pharmacist was located in one room and communicated via telephone with a participant in another room. The pharmacist telephonically assessed and taught inhaler technique. Participants were video-recorded, and videos were later examined by a second pharmacist to visually evaluate inhaler technique. Participants were assigned pre- and posteducation inhaler technique scores for the telephonic and video assessments. Scores were based on summated scales for MDI (0-9) and diskus (0-11) inhalers. Paired samples t-tests were used to compare telephone and video assessments. RESULTS Findings indicated a significant difference between the telephone and video assessments of MDI technique (p<0.05); however, no difference was found for the diskus inhaler. Comparing pre- and posteducation inhaler technique for MDI and diskus, mean scores significantly improved from 5.7 to 7.8 (p<0.05) and from 8.5 to 10.4 (p<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The telephonic method was able to improve and detect some deficiencies in patients' inhaler technique. However, modifications and further investigation will more clearly determine the role and value of such a telephonic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Nelson
- Clinical Pharmacy, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449, USA
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Fisher-Owens SA, Boddupalli G, Thyne SM. Telephone case management for asthma: an acceptable and effective intervention within a diverse pediatric population. J Asthma 2011; 48:156-61. [PMID: 21332378 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2011.554938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma disproportionately affects low-income and medically underserved children; additional tools are needed in the effort to improve asthma care. OBJECTIVES We reviewed the implementation of a telephone case management program provided by community health workers (CHWs) as an alternative to home visits, to examine its efficiency, acceptability, and capacity to identify and address challenges with asthma management. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included children (and their caregivers) presenting for scheduled visits to a comprehensive asthma clinic at an urban, public hospital during 2007. RESULTS Overall, 83.2% of caregivers were contacted for follow-up. Of those not reachable, one-third had been discharged from the clinic, and most of the remainder later returned for a subsequent visit. Latino patients were more likely not to be reached by telephone (p < .001). Following the implementation of telephone case management, the number of patient visits to the asthma clinic increased by almost one-third. CONCLUSIONS Telephone case management identified problems which were successfully addressed through improved patient care practices and system changes within the clinic. Telephone case management by CHWs can be an efficient, acceptable mechanism to supplement comprehensive asthma care in a diverse, urban pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan A Fisher-Owens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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