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Migdanis A, Tsolis K, Migdanis I, Kaltsa AG, Fytsilis FA, Manouras A, Androutsos O, Kapsoritakis A. The Effect of Shift Working on Dietary Patterns of Healthcare Practitioners during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:627. [PMID: 38674273 PMCID: PMC11051816 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Health professionals' working schedules often do not allow them to follow a balanced way of life, and the nature of their work can affect their weight and eating habits. The aim of the present study is to shed some light on the impact of night shift working on the dietary practices of healthcare practitioners in Greece. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. With the use of an administered questionnaire several parameters were assessed, including anthropometric characteristics, weight history, as well as nutritional habits of the same group of participants during night shifts and when at regular working hours. Moreover, nutritional beliefs of the subjects were recorded, as well as the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Results: It was observed that in all food groups, including water, used to compare the nutritional patterns of the participants during night shifts and when working regular hours, statistical differences were noted (p = 0.001). Furthermore, the participants who reported a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and self-reported healthier nutritional habits, had a statistically lower weight compared to the participants that rarely followed the specific model or reported unhealthier eating routine (p = 0.010 and p = 0.015, respectively). Conclusions: We conclude that shift-working healthcare professionals are associated with disturbed eating behaviours leading to the high consumption of unhealthy food. The implementation of interventions that will concentrate on educating health workers on balanced nutrition and improving physical environment (i.e., food availability, healthier food choices) seems to be of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Migdanis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsolis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Ioannis Migdanis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Agoritsa G. Kaltsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
| | - Fotios A. Fytsilis
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
| | - Athanasios Manouras
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics (CND-Lab), Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Andreas Kapsoritakis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
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Yang Y, Li SX, Zhang Y, Wang F, Jiang DJ, Wang SJ, Cao P, Gong QH. Chronotype is associated with eating behaviors, physical activity and overweight in school-aged children. Nutr J 2023; 22:50. [PMID: 37798740 PMCID: PMC10557201 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A later chronotype has been found to be associated with unhealthy habits and diseases, such as an unhealthy diet and metabolic syndrome in adults. Little is known about the association between chronotype, eating habits, physical activity and obesity. Thus, this study aimed to explore the relationships between chronotype, eating behaviors, physical activity, and overweight in Chinese school-aged children. METHODS Data from this study was based on 952 schoolchildren (10-12 y) from six primary schools that participated in China. Anthropometric measurements of height and body weight were performed. Information about sleeping habits, dietary behaviors, and other lifestyle behaviors was gathered using a self-administered questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis or multivariable logistic regression model was performed to assess the associations between chronotype, eating behaviors, physical activity, and overweight. RESULTS Nearly 70% (69.9%) of the participants had a self-reported morning chronotype. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed chronotype score was positively associated with physical activities (all P values < 0.001) and sleep duration (all P values < 0.001) and negatively associated with BMI, meal time, eating jet lag and social jet lag (all P values < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that compared to morning types, non-morning types individuals were more likely to be overweight (OR = 1.593, P value < 0.05), and had more frequent consumption of fast food (OR = 1.616, P value < 0.05), but less frequent consumption of milk (OR = 0.716, P value < 0.05), less time taking part in moderate (OR = 1.356, P value < 0.05) or muscle strengthening (OR = 1.393, 1.877, P value < 0.05) physical activity. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that early chronotype children are more active, have healthier dietary habits, get more sleep, have shorter social jet lag, and are less likely to be overweight than non-early chronotype children. Our findings suggest that later chronotype may be a potential indicator in the early detection of overweight, unhealthy eating, and physical inactivity behaviors. Chronotype has been found to have an important impact on individual's health. In the present study, we conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between chronotype, eating behaviors, physical activity, and overweight in school-aged children. The findings showed that children with early chronotype is associated with more active, healthier dietary behaviors, longer sleep duration, short social jet lag, and a lower risk of overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315020, China
| | - Si-Xuan Li
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Dan-Jie Jiang
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Si-Jia Wang
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Peng Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315020, China
| | - Qing-Hai Gong
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
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Smith ENL, Chandanathil M, Millis RM. Epigenetic Mechanisms in Obesity: Broadening Our Understanding of the Disease. Cureus 2023; 15:e47875. [PMID: 37899888 PMCID: PMC10612994 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Now recognized as more than just the result of overeating or the consumption of poor-quality foods, obesity is understood to be a multifactorial disease, strongly correlated with a variety of environment-gene interactions. In addressing the complex public health issue of obesity, medical practitioners, along with their allied healthcare counterparts, face the challenge of reducing its prevalence by utilizing and sharing with patients the current, yet incomplete, scientific knowledge concerning the disease. While continued research is required to strengthen direct cause-effect relationships, substantial evidence links post-translational modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modifications of several candidate "obesity" genes to the predilection for obesity. Additional evidence supports the influence of maternal diet during the gestational period, individual diet, and other lifestyle and genetic factors in obesity. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the current information concerning epigenetic modifications that appear to support, or result from, the development of obesity. Such mechanisms may serve as therapeutic targets for developing novel prevention and/or treatment strategies for obesity or as epigenetic biomarkers for monitoring recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin N L Smith
- Graduate Studies, American University of Antigua, St. Johns, ATG
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Marot LP, Lopes TDVC, Balieiro LCT, Crispim CA, Moreno CRC. Impact of Nighttime Food Consumption and Feasibility of Fasting during Night Work: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112570. [PMID: 37299533 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Shift work has been associated with an increased risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases, such as obesity. The reduction in overnight fasting and its physiological consequences seem to affect the metabolic health of shift workers, but little has been discussed regarding the feasibility and implications of maintaining a night-long fast during work. This narrative review aims to discuss the impact of eating behavior on the reduction of overnight fasting in shift workers, as well as possible nutritional strategies involving fasting that have been tested for shift workers, to contribute to the establishment of nutritional guidelines for them. We used various databases and search engines to retrieve relevant articles, reviews, and investigations. Despite the potential benefits of overnight fasting for other groups, few studies have investigated this approach in the context of shift work. Generally, it seems to be a feasible and metabolically beneficial strategy for shift workers. However, it is essential to investigate the potential risks and benefits of reducing the fasting time for shift workers, considering social, hedonic, and stress-related factors. Furthermore, randomized clinical trials are necessary to establish safe and feasible strategies for shift workers to practice different fasting windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Pereira Marot
- Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-320, Brazil
| | - Tássia do Vale Cardoso Lopes
- Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-320, Brazil
| | | | - Cibele Aparecida Crispim
- Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-320, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Roberta Castro Moreno
- Department of Health, Life Cycles and Society, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
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Teixeira BS, Silva CM, Silva ATF, Santos LLD, de Paiva Maia YC, Pedrazzoli M, Wright KP, Crispim CA. Influence of fasting during the night shift on next day eating behavior, hunger, and glucose and insulin levels: a randomized, three-condition, crossover trial. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1281-1293. [PMID: 36526739 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the influence of fasting during the night shift on eating behavior, hunger, glucose and insulin levels the following day. METHODS Study with 10 male police officers who have been working at night. Participants were tested under three different conditions separated by at least 6 days of washout in a randomized, crossover design: "Night Shift Fasting" (NSF)-two nights of fasting during the night shift; "Night Shift Eating" (NSE)-two nights with the consumption of a standardized meal during the night shift (678 ± 42 kcal consumed at ~ 0200 h); and "Nighttime Sleep" (NS)-two nights of sleep. The morning after, blood glucose and insulin and hunger ratings were assessed, and food intake was assessed with an ad libitum test meal. Food intake was also assessed throughout the remainder of the day using a food record. Generalized Estimating Equations were used to analyze the effect of experimental condition. RESULTS Food intake during the test meal, especially of proteins and fats, was higher after fasting during the night shift compared to the other conditions (p < 0.05), whereas desire to eat scores were lower after the NSF compared to NSE condition (p = 0.043). Hunger levels were lower after the NSF compared to the NS condition (p = 0.012). Insulin and HOMA-IR were also lower in the morning after NSF (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Fasting during the night shift leads to not only a higher intake of energy and macronutrients both in the early morning after work and throughout the next day, but also lower insulin levels and HOMA-IR in the morning. REGISTRATION NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIAL NCT03800732. Initial release: 01/09/2019. Last release: 02/23/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Simão Teixeira
- Chrononutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Av. Para, 1720, Bloco 2U, Sala 20. Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil
| | - Catarina Mendes Silva
- Chrononutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Av. Para, 1720, Bloco 2U, Sala 20. Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil
| | - Alinne Tatiane Faria Silva
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil
| | - Letícia Lopes Dantas Santos
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil
| | - Yara Cristina de Paiva Maia
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil
| | - Mario Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA
| | - Cibele Aparecida Crispim
- Chrononutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Av. Para, 1720, Bloco 2U, Sala 20. Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38405-320, Brazil.
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Narciso FV, Dâmaso AR, Barela JA, Carvalho ANS, Ruiz F, de Queiroz SS, Lemos VS, de-Andrade AGP, Tufik S, De-Mello MT. Overweight Impairs Postural Control of Female Night Workers. Sleep Sci 2023; 16:29-37. [PMID: 37151773 PMCID: PMC10157823 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1767746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To verify the relationships between sleep duration (Total Sleep Time - TST) and postural control of female night workers before and after shift. As well as, to verify if there is an influence of the body mass index (BMI) on the postural control of these female workers before and after shift. Methods A total of 14 female night workers (mean age: 35.0 ± 7.7 years) were evaluated. An actigraph was placed on the wrist to evaluate the sleep-wake cycle. The body mass and height were measured, and BMI was calculated. Postural control was evaluated by means of a force platform, with eyes opened and eyes closed before and after the 12-hour workday. Results There was an effect of the BMI on the velocity and the center of pressure path with eyes opened before ( t = 2.55, p = 0.02) and after ( t = 4.10, p < 0.01) night work. The BMI impaired the velocity and the center of pressure path with eyes closed before ( t = 3.05, p = 0.01; t = 3.04, p = 0.01) and after ( t = 2.95, p = 0.01; t = 2.94, p = 0.01) night work. Furthermore, high BMI is associated with female workers' postural sway ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Therefore, high BMI impairs the postural control of female night workers, indicating postural instability before and after night work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Veruska Narciso
- Centro Universitário Mário Palmério (UNIFUCAMP), Physioterapy, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil
- Address for correspondence Fernanda Veruska Narciso
| | - Ana R. Dâmaso
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Nutrition, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose A. Barela
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Physical Education, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Francieli Ruiz
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Psychobiology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andre Gustavo P. de-Andrade
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Psychobiology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio De-Mello
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Meal timing variability of rotating shift workers throughout a complete shift cycle and its effect on daily energy and macronutrient intake: a field study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1707-1718. [PMID: 36797507 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the meal timing variability of rotating shift workers throughout a complete shift schedule and its effect on daily energy and macronutrient intake. METHODS Thirty male shift-workers from a mining company were evaluated in a complete rotation shift cycle over 240 consecutive hours (10 days; two days of morning shifts, two days of evening shifts, 24 h free, two days of night shifts and three days off). Food intake related variables [meal timing, energy (kcal) and macronutrient intake (%)] were assessed by 24 h recall by a trained nutritionist. Mixed models were used to analyze the variation in meal timing and energy and macronutrient intake throughout the shift cycle, as well as the interaction between shift and time ranges (00:00-03:59, 04:00-07:59, 08:00-11:59, 12:00-15:59, 16:00-19:59, 20:00-23:59). RESULTS The first meal of the day was earlier on night shifts [D6 (3:44 ± 0:33) and D7 (5:52 ± 0:42)] compared to the other shifts (p < 0.001), except for D4 (evening shift; 5:51 ± 0:47) versus D7 (p = 0.999). Night shifts also showed a shorter night fasting (D5-D6, 9.3 h; D6-D7, 9.6 h) than most other nights (p < 0.05), except for the fasting between D1-D2 (11.3 h) and D3-D4 (11.2 h) (p > 0.05). There was no difference in 24 h energy intake throughout the shift cycle (p = 0.065). The analysis of interaction between shift and time ranges showed that night shift (D6) presented a higher intake of energy (441.5 ± 48.4 kcal), percentage of energy (D6: 17.8 ± 1.8%), fat (17.6 ± 2.0%), carbohydrate (17.0 ± 1.7%) and protein (16.4 ± 1.8%) between 00:00 and 03:59 compared with the other shift days (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Night shifts seem to contribute to a longer eating window than other shifts. Moreover, there is a higher energy and macronutrients intake during night shifts, which reduces the night fast period and could have implications for metabolic dysregulation.
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Chaput JP, McHill AW, Cox RC, Broussard JL, Dutil C, da Costa BGG, Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Wright KP. The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:82-97. [PMID: 36280789 PMCID: PMC9590398 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Traditional risk factors for obesity and the metabolic syndrome, such as excess energy intake and lack of physical activity, cannot fully explain the high prevalence of these conditions. Insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment predispose individuals to poor metabolic health and promote weight gain and have received increased research attention in the past 10 years. Insufficient sleep is defined as sleeping less than recommended for health benefits, whereas circadian misalignment is defined as wakefulness and food intake occurring when the internal circadian system is promoting sleep. This Review discusses the impact of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in humans on appetite hormones (focusing on ghrelin, leptin and peptide-YY), energy expenditure, food intake and choice, and risk of obesity. Some potential strategies to reduce the adverse effects of sleep disruption on metabolic health are provided and future research priorities are highlighted. Millions of individuals worldwide do not obtain sufficient sleep for healthy metabolic functions. Furthermore, modern working patterns, lifestyles and technologies are often not conducive to adequate sleep at times when the internal physiological clock is promoting it (for example, late-night screen time, shift work and nocturnal social activities). Efforts are needed to highlight the importance of optimal sleep and circadian health in the maintenance of metabolic health and body weight regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Andrew W McHill
- Sleep, Chronobiology, and Health Laboratory, School of Nursing, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rebecca C Cox
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Josiane L Broussard
- Sleep and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Caroline Dutil
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bruno G G da Costa
- Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Schifferli-Castro I, Cofré-Jara S, Soto-Rodríguez F, Soto-Rodríguez L, Vargas-Nuñez K. Calidad de la dieta del personal de salud de un hospital chileno según el índice de alimentación saludable. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v68n4.76500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introducción. Se ha reportado que los trabajadores hospitalarios tienen una alta probabilidad de presentar factores de riesgo modificables asociados al desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, tales como mala alimentación, altos niveles de estrés y cambios de los patrones del sueño.Objetivo. Determinar la calidad de la dieta del personal de salud que usa los servicios del Casino de Funcionarios del Hospital Regional de Temuco de acuerdo a sistemas de turno, sexo y edad. Para la medición de la calidad de la dieta se utilizó el índice de alimentación saludable (IAS).Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado en 201 trabajadores (156 mujeres y 45 hombres), a quienes se les solicitó completar una encuesta sobre consumo de alimentos para evaluar sus IAS; el instrumento estuvo dividido por grupos de alimentos.Resultados. La edad promedio fue 34.8±10.7 años y el puntaje promedio de IAS fue 67.5±14.5. El 12.9% de los participantes tenía hábitos alimenticios poco saludables, el 65.2% requería cambios dietarios y el 21.9% presentaba una alimentación saludable. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto al IAS según sexo (p=0.033) y edad (p=0.009), pero no entre puntaje IAS y el sistema de turnos (p=0.334). Conclusiones. La mayoría de participantes necesita modificar sus hábitos alimenticios, por lo que es necesario que en los hospitales, como lugar de trabajo, se implementen acciones que promuevan la adopción de hábitos alimenticios saludables por parte del personal de salud, en particular en el caso de los hombres, quienes tuvieron puntajes de IAS significativamente bajos en varios grupos de alimentos en comparación con las mujeres.
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Marot LP, Rosa DE, Lopes TDVC, Moreno CRDC, Crispim CA. Eating Duration throughout a Rotating Shift Schedule: A Case Study. J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 40:624-631. [PMID: 32970537 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1814899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of the rotation between different shifts and free days within a short period of time on the food consumption is poorly addressed in the literature. Our objective was to characterize the eating duration (ED) over 10 d of clockwise rotating and to associate it with the intake of energy and macronutrients. METHODS Thirty male shift-workers from a mining company were evaluated over a complete rotation shift schedule of 10 consecutive days (2 d of morning shifts, 2 d of afternoon shifts, 24 h free-day, 2 d of night shifts, and three free days). ED was defined as the interval between the first meal after awaking and last meal before sleep onset. Sleep/wake periods and food intake were evaluated by actigraphy and 24 h recalls, respectively. Generalized models were used to analyze the variation in ED and its association with nutrient intake over the shift schedule. RESULTS ED periods showed significant variations throughout shift rotation and were associated with energy intake. The highest energy intake (3410 ± 235 kcal) and longest ED (20.7 ± 1.2 h) were found on Day 5, the day between afternoon and night shifts, and a part of Day 6 (night shift), i.e., in the longest period of wakefulness and the shortest sleep duration (4.7 ± 0.3 h) (p < 0.05 for all). The lowest energy intake (1284 ± 125 kcal) and shortest ED (4.96 ± 0.7 h) (p < 0.05) occurred after the last night shift (Day 7). The balance between the percentage of macronutrients did not differ statistically between the ED periods. CONCLUSIONS In general, longer periods of wakefulness showed greater energy intake, demonstrating the tendency of workers to eat around the clock during their shift. Even with the energy intake variation, the balance of macronutrients remained the same over the ED periods. Despite the need of confirmation in future studies, these results suggest that the management of ED period could be considered in the nutritional approach of shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudia Roberta de Castro Moreno
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Diomidous M. Sleep and Motion Disorders of Physicians and Nurses Working in Hospitals Facing the Pandemic of COVID 19. Med Arch 2020; 74:210-215. [PMID: 32801438 PMCID: PMC7405997 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2020.74.210-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Several research studies have started to investigate the health conditions of medical doctors and nurses in order to find a relationship if any between their work environment, their usually heavy duties and the result of these two parametric on patients’ health Aim: The present research study is an effort to investigate the relationship between the physical activity and sleep disorders among health care professionals, particularly among medical doctors and nurses. Methods: Participants of the study were asked to fill a questionnaire which was a mixture of other internationally accredited questionnaires regarding physical activity level as well as sleeping functions. Data were collected among 204 physicians and nurses. The statistical analysis revealed a correlation between physical activity and some aspects of sleep disorders. Results: A total number of 204 questionnaires have been distributed to medical doctors and nurses working in public hospitals in Athens Greece from the middle of February until the middle of April 2020. The hospitals were assigned by the health authorities to the fight of the pandemic of COVID 19. The majority of the participants were women 71,3% and 28,7% were men. From a total of 204 half of them were medical doctors and half of them were nurses. 43% were married, 49% were single and 8% were divorced and there were no widows. Regarding the participant nurses, 43% had a university degree and 38,4% had a technological education degree. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there are positive correlations between the level of physical activity during the daily work and the free time of the participants with parameters that are related to sleep disorders. Conclusion: The sample of the study was not a large one but nevertheless a stressful situation such as is the epidemic of COVID19 can provide useful information in order to better understand the relationship between physical activity and sleeping disorders in such working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Diomidous
- Faculty of Nursing. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. University of Athens, Greece
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Cunha NB, Silva CM, Mota MC, Lima CA, Teixeira KRC, Cunha TM, Crispim CA. A High-Protein Meal during a Night Shift Does Not Improve Postprandial Metabolic Response the Following Breakfast: A Randomized Crossover Study with Night Workers. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072071. [PMID: 32668588 PMCID: PMC7400935 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the acute effect of a high-protein/moderate carbohydrate (HP-MCHO) versus low-protein/high-carbohydrate (LP-HCHO) meal served at night on the postprandial metabolic response of male night workers the following breakfast. A randomized crossover study was performed with 14 male night workers (40.9 ± 8.9 years old; 29.1 ± 5.3 kg/m2). Participants underwent two different isocaloric dietary conditions at 1:00 h of the night shift: HP-MCHO (45 en% carbohydrate, 35 en% protein and 20 en% fat) and LP-HCHO (65 en% carbohydrate, 15 en% protein and 20 en% fat). Postprandial capillary glucose levels were determined immediately before the intake of the test meal and 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the end of the meal. At the end of the work shift (6:30 h), participants received a standard breakfast and postprandial levels of glucose, insulin and triglycerides were determined immediately before and then every 30 min for 2 h (30, 60, 90 and 120 min). Higher values of capillary glucose were found after the LP-HCHO condition compared to the HP-MCHO condition (area under the curve (AUC) = 119.46 ± 1.49 mg/dL × min and 102.95 ± 1.28 mg/dL × min, respectively; p < 0.001). For the metabolic response to standard breakfast as the following meal, no significant differences in glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and HOMA-IR levels were found between interventions. A night meal with a higher percentage of protein and a lower percentage of carbohydrate led to minor postprandial glucose levels during the night shift but exerted no effect on the metabolic response of the following meal. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03456219.
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Abstract
This cohort study investigates body mass index, body fat percentage, and laboratory measures of lifestyle-related clinical parameters in a population of medical residents compared with matched non–health care practitioner controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Matsuo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gautam A. Deshpande
- Department of General Internal Medicine, St Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Arioka
- Department of General Internal Medicine, St Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, St Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Public Health, St Luke’s International University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Community-Based Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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Torres RAT, Fischer FM. Time management of Internal Medicine medicalresidents, São Paulo, Brasil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 65:1048-1054. [PMID: 31531600 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.8.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical Residency is a recognized form of professional qualification, but there are criticisms regarding the overload of work activities. Given the length of the daily and weekly workdays, residents develop practices that enable them to reconcile the Residency with their personal life. AIM To describe time management strategies in the daily routine of Internal Medicine Medical Residents of a university hospital in São Paulo, Brasil. METHODS Eight interviews were conducted with resident physicians of the second year, addressing aspects of personal and family life, theoretical study, practical activities, and work bonds. Content analysis was carried out using the MaxQDA software. RESULTS Six thematic categories emerged from the reports: work organization at the Medical Residency; learning and/or professional activities; housing, financial planning, and household activities; time for leisure and interpersonal relationship; family planning/children; rest/sleep. DISCUSSION Several strategies are adopted for time management: residing near the hospital, domestic activities helped by housekeepers, postponement of maternity leave, and social support centered on interacting with other residents. There are paid activities not associated with the Residency, which lead to reduced time for rest, study, and leisure, with a greater loss during work at night shifts. CONCLUSIONS Residents experience a period of intense learning, which requires a high workload and complex work. The evaluation of the work organization of medical residents should include not only time for rest but also time management strategies for daily activities, which can reduce the negative outcomes associated with long working hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Augusto Tamasauskas Torres
- Médico, com residência em Medicina do Trabalho pelo Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, Mestre em Ciências pela Faculdade de Saúde Pública da USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Frida Marina Fischer
- Professora Titular do Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Publica da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Master dissertation supervised by Frida Marina Fischer. Graduate program in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo
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Fröhlich C, Garcez A, Canuto R, Paniz VMV, Pattussi MP, Olinto MTA. Obesidade abdominal e padrões alimentares em mulheres trabalhadoras de turnos. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:3283-3292. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018249.27882017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivou-se identificar os padrões alimentares e a associação destes com a obesidade abdominal em mulheres trabalhadoras de turnos no sul do Brasil. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo de caso-controle não pareado, incluindo um total de 541 mulheres de 18 a 53 anos de idade (215 casos; 326 controles). A presença de obesidade abdominal foi verificada pela aferição da circunferência da cintura ≥ 88 centímetros e os padrões alimentares foram obtidos por meio da análise de componentes principais de 53 itens. Os padrões foram classificados com base nos alimentos de maior carga fatorial e características nutricionais. A associação entre obesidade abdominal e os padrões foi verificada por meio de regressão logística não condicional. Três padrões alimentares foram identificados: “gordura animal/calorias”, “lanches/fast-food” e “frutas/verduras”. Após análise ajustada, os casos apresentaram uma maior chance de adesão ao padrão “frutas/verduras” (OR = 2,26; IC95%:1,30-3,93) e uma menor chance de adesão ao padrão “lanches/fast-food” (OR = 0,60; IC95%:0,36-1,01). Assim, identificou-se três padrões alimentares entre as trabalhadoras de turnos e verificou-se uma melhora na alimentação naquelas com obesidade abdominal, representando uma possível alteração de hábitos alimentares após sua ocorrência.
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Gupta CC, Coates AM, Dorrian J, Banks S. The factors influencing the eating behaviour of shiftworkers: what, when, where and why. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2019; 57:419-453. [PMID: 30404995 PMCID: PMC6685801 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2018-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Shiftwork leads to altered eating patterns, with workers often eating foods at all times across the 24 h period. Strategies to reduce the burden of shiftwork on the workers should be prioritised and altering these eating patterns is an important area for change. This narrative review examines the current evidence on the individual and environmental factors influencing the eating behaviours of shiftworkers. A systematic search was conducted and yielded 62 articles. These were split into four themes that influence eating patterns; When shiftworkers eat, What type of foods shiftworkers eat, Where the food is sourced from, and Why shiftworkers choose to eat on shift. Irregular working hours was the biggest influence on when workers ate on shift, shift-type was the biggest influence on what workers ate, the majority of food was sourced from canteens and cafeterias, and socialising with colleagues was the biggest reason why workers chose to eat. While more research is needed to explore multiple industries and shift-types, and to investigate the ideal size, type and timing of food on shift, this review has highlighted that future research into shiftworker eating needs to adopt an integrative approach and consider the different individual and social contexts that influence eating patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C Gupta
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour Brain Body Research Centre, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Jill Dorrian
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour Brain Body Research Centre, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour Brain Body Research Centre, University of South Australia, Australia
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Nazari G, Howard J, Lanting B. Variations in Physiological and Psychological Responses of Orthopaedic Surgeons and Clinical Fellows during Hip and Knee Arthroplasties. Open Orthop J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874325001913010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:
Both physical and mental stress is present within the practice of healthcare professionals, which in turn negatively affects the quality of the services provided to the population and therefore, leading to mental exhaustion of the individuals involved.
Purpose:
To track physiological and psychological responses to common hip and knee surgeries, and during clinic days, in a group of orthopaedic surgeons and their clinical fellows (trainees), and to compare the physiological and psychological results with baseline physiological stress tests.
Methods:
Heart Rate (HR), Breathing Rate (BR), and self-reported anxiety were recorded in 3 fellowship trained orthopaedic surgeons and 5 clinical fellows using a wearable Equivital EQO2 physiological monitor and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Data was recorded for days in surgery as well as clinic for 6-8 hours/day. This data was compared to baseline physiological stress tests.
Results:
Mean HR and percentage of heart rate maximum (%HR-max) were not significantly different between staff and fellows throughout the surgery days regardless of the role occupied during both primary Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) and Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). For Heart rate variability (HRV), there was no difference noted between staff and fellows at any moment around and during THA, however, fellows had significantly higher variability during TKA and maintained this increased variability in the postoperative period. In THA, staff failed to show any statistical difference between the HRV in the cases they were assuming the role of primary surgeon compared to the cases they were assisting and the clinic days. On the contrary, fellows showed significantly higher HRV when they were assisting during THA compared to when they were assuming the primary surgeon role or during their clinic days.
Conclusion:
Different stress patterns were noted in clinical fellows compared to the staff, especially showing a higher overall HRV during TKA.
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Tanaka R, Tsuji M, Kusuhara K, Kawamoto T. Association between time-related work factors and dietary behaviors: results from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). Environ Health Prev Med 2018; 23:62. [PMID: 30547743 PMCID: PMC6293619 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-018-0753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have examined the association of workhours and shift work (referred to here as “time-related work factors”) with dietary behaviors. We aimed to investigate this association, as well as the dietary behaviors among individuals with occupations characterized by time-related work factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. The study included 39,315 working men. Dietary behaviors (i.e., skipping breakfast, eating out, eating instant food, overeating, and eating fast) were assessed with a self-reported information from the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations of time-related work factors with dietary behaviors and dietary behavior tendencies among those in occupations characterized by long workhours and/or shift work. Results Long workhours were associated with high frequencies of skipping breakfast, eating out, eating instant food, overeating, and eating fast. The frequency of having shift work was associated with high frequencies of skipping breakfast, eating out, and eating instant food. Several occupations involving long workhours and/or shift work showed specific dietary behaviors; in some occupations, the level of significance changed after adjusting for time-related work factors in addition to other potential confounding factors. Conclusions Time-related work factors may help explain workers’ dietary behaviors. Long workhours and shift work may lead to poor dietary behaviors. Other factors influenced by occupation itself, such as food environment, may also influence workers’ dietary behaviors. Workhours and/or shift work, and these other work factors, should be given attention in workplace health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Tanaka
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Koichi Kusuhara
- Japan Environment and Children's Study, UOEH Subunit Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kawamoto
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
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Prudent diet is associated with low sleepiness among short-haul truck drivers. Nutrition 2018; 63-64:61-68. [PMID: 30933727 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The lifestyle of postindustrial society has undergone major shifts characterized by changes in demographic and epidemiologic profiles, eating habits, and job structures, with irregular working hours, particularly night shifts. The investigation of dietary patterns is of great importance for the discussion and devising of effective dietary strategies for shift and night workers in general, particularly in view of the increased sleepiness reported during night work. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the association between dietary patterns of Brazilian truck drivers and sleepiness levels, according to work shift. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 52 drivers (25 long haul and 27 short haul) at a freight company was carried out. This study entailed application of a structured questionnaire collecting sociodemographic, lifestyle, and nutritional status data. Assessment of dietary intake using a 24-h dietary recall and an evaluation of sleepiness by the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale were performed. The principal components of the diet were analyzed by factor analysis to derive dietary patterns. A linear mixed model was then applied to determine a model for sleepiness levels of the drivers as a function of dietary pattern, time of day, and work shift. RESULTS Three intake patterns were derived: traditional, prudent, and Western. Associations of time of day (F = 23.629, P < 0.01) and shift type (F = 42.218, P < 0.01) on sleepiness were found. An association between diet and sleepiness was also evident, where the prudent pattern was associated with low sleepiness among short-haul truck drivers (F = 3.865, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study revealed an association between dietary patterns and short-haul driving, in which the healthy pattern produced low sleepiness during the day. The sleepiness curve of long-haul drivers appears to have a flattening pattern, probably because of irregular working times.
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Fradkin L, Raz O, Boaz M. Nurses who work rotating shifts consume more energy, macronutrients and calcium when they work the night shift versus day shift. Chronobiol Int 2018; 36:288-295. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1538155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Fradkin
- School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Olga Raz
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Mona Boaz
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Spiotta AM, Fargen KM, Patel S, Larrew T, Turner RD. Impact of a Residency-Integrated Wellness Program on Resident Mental Health, Sleepiness, and Quality of Life. Neurosurgery 2018; 84:341-346. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M Spiotta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kyle M Fargen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Sunil Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Thomas Larrew
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Raymond D Turner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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Tanaka R, Tsuji M, Asakura K, Senju A, Shibata E, Kusuhara K, Morokuma S, Sanefuji M, Kawamoto T. Variation in Men's Dietary Intake Between Occupations, Based on Data From the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1621-1634. [PMID: 29890875 PMCID: PMC6142127 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318780847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in dietary health promotion in the workplace. Although many previous studies have focused on dietary habits in specific occupations, variation between occupational groups requires clarification. The present study aimed to examine differences in food and nutrient intake between occupational groups, using detailed classification. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. The study included 38,721 employed Japanese expectant fathers aged between 20 and 65 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Occupations were categorized into 11 categories according to the Japan Standard Occupational Classification. Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance were performed to compare dietary intake of occupational groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the differences in adherence to dietary recommendations across occupations. Dietary intake differed significantly between occupations. Specific dietary intake was observed in security and agricultural workers, who tended to exhibit higher consumption levels for numerous foods and nutrients. In addition, relative to other workers, security workers showed higher intake of dairy products and calcium, and agricultural workers consumed larger amounts of pickles and salt. The study categorized occupations into detailed categories using the Japan Standard Occupational Classification, which facilitated the clarification of overall dietary trends across occupations and identification of specific dietary characteristics in individual occupations. The findings could aid in workplace health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Tanaka
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiko Asakura
- 2 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Senju
- 3 Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), UOEH Subunit Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.,4 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Shibata
- 5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Kusuhara
- 3 Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), UOEH Subunit Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.,4 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiichi Morokuma
- 6 Research Center for Environmental and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Sanefuji
- 6 Research Center for Environmental and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kawamoto
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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D'Ettorre G, Pellicani V, Greco M, Mazzotta M, Vullo A. Assessing and managing the shift work disorder in healthcare workers. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2018; 109:144-150. [PMID: 29701630 PMCID: PMC7682180 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v109i2.6960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Shift work disorder (SWD) is a major concern for both healthcare workers (HCWs) employed in hospital wards and healthcare organizations. The consequences of SWD may lead to increased service costs and lower standards of care. Objectives: To identify and evaluate the latest developments in assessing and managing the occupational risk of SWD in shift-HCWs through a search of the literature published in the last five years. Methods: We performed a search of the literature starting from June 2012, using MEDLINE/Pubmed. The articles were reviewed and categorized into one or more of the following categories based on their subject matter: Risk assessment, Risk management, Occurrence rates. Results: A total of 25 publications matched the inclusion criteria. The topics discussed, in order of frequency (from the highest to the lowest), were: “Risk Assessment” (84%), “Occurrence Rates” (64%) and “Risk Management” (48%). Number of nights worked per year, long night-time working hours, frequent missing of nap opportunities during night-shift, quick returns and unhealthy workplace were found as organizational determinants of SWD that should be prioritized in the risk assessment of shift work in the healthcare sector. Conclusions: Organizational interventions targeted on both healthy shift-work scheduling and improvement of the workplace safety are proposed to moderate the occurrence of SWD and, consequently, to ensure HCWs’ wellness and suitable standards of patient care. Further studies aimed to investigate the effectiveness of such interventions in minimizing SWD occurrence are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenza Pellicani
- Local Health Authority, Lecce, Department of Mental Health, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Mariarita Greco
- Local Health Authority, Brindisi, Department of Mental Health, Brindisi, Italy.
| | - Mauro Mazzotta
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Vullo
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Ross S, Liu EL, Rose C, Chou A, Battaglioli N. Strategies to Enhance Wellness in Emergency Medicine Residency Training Programs. Ann Emerg Med 2017; 70:891-897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Spiotta AM, Fargen KM, Denham SL, Fulton ME, Kellogg R, Young E, Patel S, Turner RD. Incorporation of a Physical Education and Nutrition Program Into Neurosurgery: A Proof of Concept Pilot Program. Neurosurgery 2017; 79:613-9. [PMID: 27465847 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000001358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Balancing the demands of a busy medical career with personal wellness can be daunting, and there is little education on these principles available to physicians in training. OBJECTIVE To implement a voluntary wellness initiative in our neurosurgery department to promote healthy lifestyle choices. This report details the baseline data collected as part of this quality improvement initiative. METHODS The wellness initiative was implemented in July 2015 and available to all faculty and resident physicians in the Department of Neurological Surgery in collaboration with the Medical University of South Carolina Wellness Center. All participants were provided a Fitbit Surge HR wrist monitor (Fitbit, Boston, Massachusetts) and underwent baseline physical and psychological testing. RESULTS Six faculty physicians and 9 residents participated. Overall physical fitness levels varied widely between subjects. Health screening demonstrated abnormalities in 80% of participants (elevated systolic blood pressure in 60%, elevated diastolic in 47%, elevated serum low-density lipoprotein in 53%). Body composition analysis demonstrated body weight higher than ideal in 69% (47% overweight; 13% obese). Recommended average body fat mass reduction was 25.4 pounds. Seventy-nine percent reported below-average quality of life compared with the average healthy adult. All subjects reported wanting more time for personal health. CONCLUSION Baseline health and psychological screenings in our department demonstrated alarmingly prevalent, previously undiagnosed abnormalities on cardiovascular and body weight screenings. Obstacles to leading a healthier lifestyle have been identified and solutions have been incorporated into the program. This quality improvement initiative may serve as a template for other programs seeking to improve physician physical and mental well-being. ABBREVIATIONS BMI, body mass indexESS, Epworth Sleepiness ScaleHR, heart rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M Spiotta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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Roskoden FC, Krüger J, Vogt LJ, Gärtner S, Hannich HJ, Steveling A, Lerch MM, Aghdassi AA. Physical Activity, Energy Expenditure, Nutritional Habits, Quality of Sleep and Stress Levels in Shift-Working Health Care Personnel. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169983. [PMID: 28081231 PMCID: PMC5231338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among health care personnel working regular hours or rotating shifts can affect parameters of general health and nutrition. We have investigated physical activity, sleep quality, metabolic activity and stress levels in health care workers from both groups. METHODS We prospectively recruited 46 volunteer participants from the workforce of a University Medical Department of which 23 worked in rotating shifts (all nursing) and 21 non-shift regular hours (10 nursing, 13 clerical staff). All were investigated over 7 days by multisensory accelerometer (SenseWear Bodymedia® armband) and kept a detailed food diary. Physical activity and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured in metabolic equivalents of task (METs). Quality of sleep was assessed as Pittsburgh Sleeping Quality Index and stress load using the Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress questionnaire (TICS). RESULTS No significant differences were found for overall physical activity, steps per minute, time of exceeding the 3 METs level or sleep quality. A significant difference for physical activity during working hours was found between shift-workers vs. non-shift-workers (p<0.01) and for shift-working nurses (median = 2.1 METs SE = 0.1) vs. non-shift-working clerical personnel (median = 1.5 METs SE = 0.07, p<0.05). Non-shift-working nurses had a significantly lower REE than the other groups (p<0.05). The proportion of fat in the diet was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the office worker group (median = 42% SE = 1.2) whereas shift-working nurses consumed significantly more carbohydrates (median = 46% SE = 1.4) than clerical staff (median = 41% SE = 1.7). Stress assessment by TICS confirmed a significantly higher level of social overload in the shift working group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION In this prospective cohort study shift-working had no influence on overall physical activity. Lower physical activity during working hours appears to be compensated for during off-hours. Differences in nutritional habits and stress load warrant larger scale trials to determine the effect on implicit health-associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janine Krüger
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lena Johanna Vogt
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Simone Gärtner
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans Joachim Hannich
- Institute of Medical Psychology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Antje Steveling
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus M. Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Ali A. Aghdassi
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Santa Cecília Silva AA, Lopes TDVC, Teixeira KR, Mendes JA, de Souza Borba ME, Mota MC, Waterhouse J, Crispim CA. The association between anxiety, hunger, the enjoyment of eating foods and the satiety after food intake in individuals working a night shift compared with after taking a nocturnal sleep: A prospective and observational study. Appetite 2017; 108:255-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Alves MS, Andrade RZ, Silva GC, Mota MC, Resende SG, Teixeira KR, Gonçalves BF, Crispim CA. Social Jetlag Among Night Workers is Negatively Associated with the Frequency of Moderate or Vigorous Physical Activity and with Energy Expenditure Related to Physical Activity. J Biol Rhythms 2016; 32:83-93. [DOI: 10.1177/0748730416682110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study analyzed the association between physical activity (PA) and social jetlag (SJL) among shift workers. We evaluated 423 employees, aged between 18 and 60 years, who worked in a poultry-processing company in Brazil. Physical activity levels (PAL) were determined by the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). SJL was calculated as the absolute difference between the time of mid-sleep on work and free days. The percentage of workers insufficiently active was high on all shifts, with no significant differences between the 3 shifts. The amount of time spent in sedentary behavior on workdays did not differ between shifts. Among night-shift workers, negative associations were observed between SJL and 1) the duration and weekly energy expenditure while walking; 2) the frequency of moderate and vigorous PA; and 3) the total energy expenditure related to PA. Even though PAL did not differ among workers on different shifts, we found a high prevalence of subjects who were insufficiently active or too sedentary among all groups. Also, SJL was negatively associated with PA in night-shift workers. These results suggest that PA should be encouraged among shift workers and that SJL may be an important factor in reducing PA in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Silva Alves
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Raphael Zardini Andrade
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Graciele Cristina Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Maria Carliana Mota
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Gonçalves Resende
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Kely Raspante Teixeira
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Cibele Aparecida Crispim
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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Sponholz TCH, Sartori MT, Marques APS, Albuquerque GSCD, Silva MJDSE, Perna PDO. PROCESSO DE TRABALHO NA RESIDÊNCIA MÉDICA: A SUBORDINAÇÃO DO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM À EXPLORAÇÃO DA FORÇA DE TRABALHO DOS RESIDENTES. TRABALHO, EDUCAÇÃO E SAÚDE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-7746-sol00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo O sofrimento dos médicos-residentes causado por suas condições de trabalho é fartamente descrito na literatura. As condições, muitas vezes inaceitáveis, impostas a esse tipo de trabalhador, além de objeto de produções científicas, são de pleno conhecimento entre aqueles que trabalham na área da saúde e da educação médica. O presente estudo foi realizado em 2010 com o objetivo de descrever os principais aspectos dessas condições em dois hospitais públicos de Curitiba (Paraná) e refletir sobre os motivos e mecanismos da reprodução da maioria delas. Realizou-se um estudo transversal, a partir da aplicação de questionários, para a explicitação dos processos críticos protetores e destrutivos da saúde dos médicos-residentes. Dos cem médicos-residentes do primeiro ano em atividade nos hospitais estudados, 58 participaram da pesquisa. Os resultados mostram elevada jornada de trabalho semanal, elevado número de horas contínuas de trabalho, falta de supervisão e alta carga de estresse. O processo de trabalho caracteriza-se pela subordinação do ensino-aprendizagem à exploração da força de trabalho dos residentes, constituindo-se mais como destrutivo do que como protetor de sua saúde.
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Bonham MP, Bonnell EK, Huggins CE. Energy intake of shift workers compared to fixed day workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:1086-100. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1192188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxine P. Bonham
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily K. Bonnell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine E. Huggins
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Arora T, Chen MZ, Cooper AR, Andrews RC, Taheri S. The Impact of Sleep Debt on Excess Adiposity and Insulin Sensitivity in Patients with Early Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Sleep Med 2016; 12:673-80. [PMID: 26943711 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.5792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES We examined cross-sectional and prospective associations between sleep debt and adiposity measures, as well as homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in early type 2 diabetes. METHODS Prospective data analysis from participants of a randomized controlled trial based on an intensive lifestyle intervention (usual care, diet, or diet and physical activity). Data were collected at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months post-intervention. The study was performed across five secondary care centers in the United Kingdom. Patients (n = 593) with a recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes were recruited. Objective height and weight were ascertained for obesity status (body mass index [BMI]; ≥ 30 kg/m(2)), waist circumference (cm) for central adiposity, and fasting blood samples drawn to examine insulin resistance (IR). Seven-day sleep diaries were used to calculate weekday sleep debt at baseline, calculated as average weekend sleep duration minus average weekday sleep duration. RESULTS At baseline, compared to those without weekday sleep debt, those with weekday sleep debt were 72% more likely to be obese (OR = 1.72 [95% CI:1.03-2.88]). At six months, weekday sleep debt was significantly associated with obesity and IR after adjustment, OR = 1.90 (95% CI:1.10-3.30), OR = 2.07 (95% CI:1.02-4.22), respectively. A further increase at 12 months was observed for sleep debt with obesity and IR: OR = 2.10 (95% CI:1.14-3.87), OR = 3.16 (95% CI:1.38-7.24), respectively. For every 30 minutes of weekday sleep debt, the risk of obesity and IR at 12 months increased by 18% and 41%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sleep debt resulted in long-term metabolic disruption, which may promote the progression of type 2 diabetes in newly diagnosed patients. Sleep hygiene/education could be an important factor for future interventions to target early diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Arora
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Qatar and New York City
| | - Mimi Z Chen
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Ashley R Cooper
- National Institute for Health Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, UK.,Centre for Exercise Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Rob C Andrews
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Shahrad Taheri
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Qatar and New York City.,Diabetes Centre and Specialist Weight Management Service, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Cinical Research Core, Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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Mota MC, Waterhouse J, De-Souza DA, Rossato LT, Silva CM, Araújo MBJ, Tufik S, de Mello MT, Crispim CA. Association between chronotype, food intake and physical activity in medical residents. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:730-9. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2016.1167711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jim Waterhouse
- School of Human Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Sérgio Tufik
- Department of Psychobiology, Sleep Institute, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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The Importance of Exercise in the Well-Rounded Physician: Dialogue for the Inclusion of a Physical Fitness Program in Neurosurgery Resident Training. World Neurosurg 2016; 90:380-384. [PMID: 27001240 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exercise, diet, and personal fitness programs are essentially lacking in modern graduate medical education. In the context of long hours and alternating shift and sleep cycles, the lack of exercise and poor dietary choices may have negative consequences on physician physical and mental health. This opinion piece aims to generate important dialogue regarding the scope of the problem, the literature supporting the health benefits of exercise, potential solutions to enhancing diet and exercise among resident trainees, and possible pitfalls to the adoption of exercise programs within graduate medical education.
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Mota MC, Waterhouse J, De-Souza DA, Rossato LT, Silva CM, Araújo MBJ, Tufik S, de Mello MT, Crispim CA. Sleep pattern is associated with adipokine levels and nutritional markers in resident physicians. Chronobiol Int 2014; 31:1130-8. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.957300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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37
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Balieiro LCT, Rossato LT, Waterhouse J, Paim SL, Mota MC, Crispim CA. Nutritional status and eating habits of bus drivers during the day and night. Chronobiol Int 2014; 31:1123-9. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.957299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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