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Jmel H, Boukhalfa W, Gouiza I, Seghaier RO, Dallali H, Kefi R. Pharmacogenetic landscape of pain management variants among Mediterranean populations. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1380613. [PMID: 38813106 PMCID: PMC11134176 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1380613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain is a major socioeconomic burden in the Mediterranean region. However, we noticed an under-representation of these populations in the pharmacogenetics of pain management studies. In this context, we aimed 1) to decipher the pharmacogenetic variant landscape among Mediterranean populations compared to worldwide populations in order to identify therapeutic biomarkers for personalized pain management and 2) to better understand the biological process of pain management through in silico investigation of pharmacogenes pathways. Materials and Methods We collected genes and variants implicated in pain response using the Prisma guidelines from literature and PharmGK database. Next, we extracted these genes from genotyping data of 829 individuals. Then, we determined the variant distribution among the studied populations using multivariate (MDS) and admixture analysis with R and STRUCTURE software. We conducted a Chi2 test to compare the interethnic frequencies of the identified variants. We used SNPinfo web server, miRdSNP database to identify miRNA-binding sites. In addition, we investigated the functions of the identified genes and variants using pathway enrichment analysis and annotation tools. Finally, we performed docking analysis to assess the impact of variations on drug interactions. Results We identified 63 variants implicated in pain management. MDS analysis revealed that Mediterranean populations are genetically similar to Mexican populations and divergent from other populations. STRUCTURE analysis showed that Mediterranean populations are mainly composed of European ancestry. We highlighted differences in the minor allele frequencies of three variants (rs633, rs4680, and rs165728) located in the COMT gene. Moreover, variant annotation revealed ten variants with potential miRNA-binding sites. Finally, protein structure and docking analysis revealed that two missense variants (rs4680 and rs6267) induced a decrease in COMT protein activity and affinity for dopamine. Conclusion Our findings revealed that Mediterranean populations diverge from other ethnic groups. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of pain-related pathways and miRNAs to better implement these markers as predictors of analgesic responses in the Mediterranean region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa Jmel
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Genetic Typing Service, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wided Boukhalfa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Genetic Typing Service, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ismail Gouiza
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Genetic Typing Service, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- MitoLab Team, Unité MitoVasc, Unité Mixte de Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1083, SFR ICAT, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Roua Ouled Seghaier
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamza Dallali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Genetic Typing Service, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rym Kefi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Genetic Typing Service, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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2
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Khan A, Waheed A, Afsar T, Abusharha A, Shafique H, Razak S. Unraveling Catechol-O-Methyltransferase rs4680 SNP's Role in Patients' Response to Tramadol and Its Adverse Effects: A Pharmacogenetics Insight into Postoperative Pain Management. J Clin Med 2023; 13:249. [PMID: 38202256 PMCID: PMC10779905 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective postoperative pain management is essential for patient well-being and an efficient healthcare system. Variations in the Catechol O-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene, specifically rs4680, play a crucial role in pain perception and opioid response. This study seeks to elucidate the impact of rs4680 polymorphism on tramadol efficacy and adverse reactions in post-surgical patients. We performed an uncontrolled cohort pharmacogenetics study in which participants underwent postoperative tramadol administration. The frequencies of rs4680 alleles were determined and the association between rs4680 genotypes and the efficacy of tramadol analgesic as pain relief, measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), was analyzed. Secondary outcomes included tramadol-induced sedation levels, opioid-induced nausea and vomiting, and other adverse effects of tramadol. Data analysis, using IBM SPSS Statistics 23, focused on pain and side effect differences across genotypes, with statistical significance set to p ≤ 0.05. The COMT (rs4680) genotype distribution exhibited a 'G' allele frequency of 41.5% and an 'A' allele frequency of 58.5%, with the AA genotype present in 44% of individuals, adhering to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p = 0.788). Patients with the AA genotype reported lower pain scores post-tramadol administration across all times examined (p < 0.001), but also experienced statistically significant (p < 0.001) higher incidences of tramadol-induced nausea, vomiting, and sedation. However, GG genotype individuals experienced poor pain relief from tramadol, requiring more supplemental analgesia. These significant findings underscore the critical role of COMT rs4680 polymorphism in response to tramadol and the necessity of a personalized approach to postoperative pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Nawaz Sharif Medical College, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan;
| | - Akbar Waheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Islamic International Medical College, Riphah University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abusharha
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Shafique
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Vulser H, Lemaître HS, Guldner S, Bezivin-Frère P, Löffler M, Sarvasmaa AS, Massicotte-Marquez J, Artiges E, Paillère Martinot ML, Filippi I, Miranda R, Stringaris A, van Noort BM, Penttilä J, Grimmer Y, Becker A, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Fröhner JH, Garavan H, Grigis A, Gowland PA, Heinz A, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Poustka L, Smolka MN, Spechler PA, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Flor H, Martinot JL, Nees F. Chronotype, Longitudinal Volumetric Brain Variations Throughout Adolescence, and Depressive Symptom Development. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 62:48-58. [PMID: 35714839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescence is a critical period for circadian rhythm, with a strong shift toward eveningness around age 14. Also, eveningness in adolescence has been found to predict later onset of depressive symptoms. However, no previous study has investigated structural variations associated with chronotype in early adolescence and how this adds to the development of depressive symptoms. METHOD Assessment of 128 community-based adolescents (51% girls) at age 14 and 19 years was performed. Using whole-brain voxel-based morphometry, baseline (at age 14) regional gray matter volumes (GMVs), follow-up (at age 19) regional GMVs, and longitudinal changes (between 14 and 19) associated with Morningness/Eveningness Scale in Children score and sleep habits at baseline were measured. The association of GMV with depressive symptoms at 19 years was studied, and the role of potential clinical and genetic factors as mediators and moderators was assessed. RESULTS Higher eveningness was associated with larger GMV in the right medial prefrontal cortex at ages 14 and 19 in the whole sample. GMV in this region related to depressive symptoms at age 19 in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val/Val, but not in Met COMT, carriers. Larger GMV also was observed in the right fusiform gyrus at age 14, which was explained by later wake-up time during weekends. CONCLUSION In adolescence, eveningness and its related sleep habits correlated with distinct developmental patterns. Eveningness was specifically associated with GMV changes in the medial prefrontal cortex; this could serve as a brain vulnerability factor for later self-reported depressive symptoms in COMT Val/Val carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Vulser
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, France.
| | - Hervé S Lemaître
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stella Guldner
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Pauline Bezivin-Frère
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie," Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Martin Löffler
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Anna S Sarvasmaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mental Health Unit, Helsinki, Finland, and the University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jessica Massicotte-Marquez
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie," Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie," Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie," Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Irina Filippi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie," Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ruben Miranda
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, France
| | | | | | - Jani Penttilä
- Psychosocial Services Adolescent Outpatient Clinic, Lahti, Finland
| | - Yvonne Grimmer
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny A Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Henrik Walter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, the PONS Research Group, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany and the Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie," Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany, and the Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
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4
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Cerebral A 1 adenosine receptor availability in female and male participants and its relationship to sleep. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118695. [PMID: 34732326 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuromodulator adenosine and its receptors are mediators of sleep-wake regulation which is known to differ between sexes. We, therefore, investigated sex differences in A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) availability in healthy human subjects under well-rested conditions using [18F]CPFPX and positron emission tomography (PET). [18F]CPFPX PET scans were acquired in 50 healthy human participants (20 females; mean age ± SD 28.0 ± 5.3 years). Mean binding potential (BPND; Logan's reference tissue model with cerebellum as reference region) and volume of distribution (VT) values were calculated in 12 and 15 grey matter brain regions, respectively. [18F]CPFPX BPND was higher in females compared to males in all investigated brain regions (p < 0.025). The largest differences were found in the pallidum and anterior cingulate cortex, where mean BPND values were higher by 29% in females than in males. In females, sleep efficiency correlated positively and sleep latency negatively with BPND in most brain regions. VT values did not differ between sexes. Sleep efficiency correlated positively with VT in most brain regions in female participants. In conclusion, our analysis gives a first indication for potential sex differences in A1AR availability even under well-rested conditions. A1AR availability as measured by [18F]CPFPX BPND is higher in females compared to males. Considering the involvement of adenosine in sleep-wake control, this finding might partially explain the known sex differences in sleep efficiency and sleep latency.
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5
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Mountney A, Blaze J, Wang Z, Umali M, Flerlage WJ, Dougherty J, Ge Y, Shear D, Haghighi F. Penetrating Ballistic Brain Injury Produces Acute Alterations in Sleep and Circadian-Related Genes in the Rodent Cortex: A Preliminary Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:745330. [PMID: 34777213 PMCID: PMC8580116 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.745330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions of Americans each year, with extremely high prevalence in the Veteran community, and sleep disturbance is one of the most commonly reported symptoms. Reduction in the quality and amount of sleep can negatively impact recovery and result in a wide range of behavioral and physiological symptoms, such as impaired cognition, mood and anxiety disorders, and cardiovascular effects. Thus, to improve long-term patient outcomes and develop novel treatments, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in sleep disturbance following TBI. In this effort, we performed transcriptional profiling in an established rodent model of penetrating ballistic brain injury (PBBI) in conjunction with continuous sleep/wake EEG/EMG recording of the first 24 h after injury. Rats subjected to PBBI showed profound differences in sleep architecture. Injured animals spent significantly more time in slow wave sleep and less time in REM sleep compared to sham control animals. To identify PBBI-related transcriptional differences, we then performed transcriptome-wide gene expression profiling at 24 h post-injury, which identified a vast array of immune- related genes differentially expressed in the injured cortex as well as sleep-related genes. Further, transcriptional changes associated with total time spent in various sleep stages were identified. Such molecular changes may underlie the pathology and symptoms that emerge following TBI, including neurodegeneration, sleep disturbance, and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mountney
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer Blaze
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michelle Umali
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Jacqueline Dougherty
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Yongchao Ge
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Deborah Shear
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Fatemeh Haghighi
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Research and Development Service, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
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6
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Abstract
This review summarizes the available data about genetic factors which can link ischemic stroke and sleep. Sleep patterns (subjective and objective measures) are characterized by heritability and comprise up to 38-46%. According to Mendelian randomization analysis, genetic liability for short sleep duration and frequent insomnia symptoms is associated with ischemic stroke (predominantly of large artery subtype). The potential genetic links include variants of circadian genes, genes encoding components of neurotransmitter systems, common cardiovascular risk factors, as well as specific genetic factors related to certain sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Korostovtseva
- Sleep Laboratory, Research Department for Hypertension, Department for Cardiology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratov Str., Saint Petersburg, 197341, Russia.
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7
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Erblang M, Sauvet F, Drogou C, Quiquempoix M, Van Beers P, Guillard M, Rabat A, Trignol A, Bourrilhon C, Erkel MC, Léger D, Thomas C, Gomez-Merino D, Chennaoui M. Genetic Determinants of Neurobehavioral Responses to Caffeine Administration during Sleep Deprivation: A Randomized, Cross Over Study (NCT03859882). Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:555. [PMID: 33920292 PMCID: PMC8069049 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) moderated caffeine effects on vigilance and performance in a double-blind and crossover total sleep deprivation (TSD) protocol in 37 subjects. In caffeine (2 × 2.5 mg/kg/24 h) or placebo-controlled condition, subjects performed a psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) and reported sleepiness every six hours (Karolinska sleepiness scale (KSS)) during TSD. EEG was also analyzed during the 09:15 PVT. Carriers of the TNF-α SNP A allele appear to be more sensitive than homozygote G/G genotype to an attenuating effect of caffeine on PVT lapses during sleep deprivation only because they seem more degraded, but they do not perform better as a result. The A allele carriers of COMT were also more degraded and sensitive to caffeine than G/G genotype after 20 h of sleep deprivation, but not after 26 and 32 h. Regarding PVT reaction time, ADORA2A influences the TSD effect but not caffeine, and PER3 modulates only the caffeine effect. Higher EEG theta activity related to sleep deprivation was observed in mutated TNF-α, PER3, and COMT carriers, in the placebo condition particularly. In conclusion, there are genetic influences on neurobehavioral impairments related to TSD that appear to be attenuated by caffeine administration. (NCT03859882).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mégane Erblang
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
- LBEPS, Univ Evry, IRBA, Université Paris Saclay, 91025 Evry, France;
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Catherine Drogou
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Michaël Quiquempoix
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Pascal Van Beers
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Mathias Guillard
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Arnaud Rabat
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Aurélie Trignol
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Cyprien Bourrilhon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- LBEPS, Univ Evry, IRBA, Université Paris Saclay, 91025 Evry, France;
| | - Marie-Claire Erkel
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Damien Léger
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
- APHP, Hôtel-Dieu, Centre du sommeil et de la Vigilance, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Claire Thomas
- LBEPS, Univ Evry, IRBA, Université Paris Saclay, 91025 Evry, France;
| | - Danielle Gomez-Merino
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91190 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.E.); (C.D.); (M.Q.); (P.V.B.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (A.T.); (C.B.); (M.-C.E.); (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
- EA VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance, Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
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8
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Wang Z, Wilson CM, Ge Y, Nemes J, LaValle C, Boutté A, Carr W, Kamimori G, Haghighi F. DNA Methylation Patterns of Chronic Explosive Breaching in U.S. Military Warfighters. Front Neurol 2020; 11:1010. [PMID: 33192958 PMCID: PMC7645105 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Injuries from exposure to explosions rose dramatically during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, which motivated investigation of blast-related neurotrauma. We have undertaken human studies involving military "breachers" -exposed to controlled, low-level blast during a 3-days explosive breaching course. Methods: We screened epigenetic profiles in peripheral blood samples from 59 subjects (in two separate U.S. Military training sessions) using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChips. Participants had varying numbers of exposures to blast over their military careers (empirically defined as high ≥ 40, and conversely, low < 39 breaching exposures). Daily self-reported physiological symptoms were recorded. Tinnitus, memory problems, headaches, and sleep disturbances are most frequently reported. Results: We identified 14 significantly differentially methylated regions (DMRs) within genes associated with cumulative blast exposure in participants with high relative to low cumulative blast exposure. Notably, NTSR1 and SPON1 were significantly differentially methylated in high relative to low blast exposed groups, suggesting that sleep dysregulation may be altered in response to chronic cumulative blast exposure. In comparing lifetime blast exposure at baseline (prior to exposure in current training), and top associated symptoms, we identified significant DMRs associated with tinnitus, sleep difficulties, and headache. Notably, we identified KCNN3, SOD3, MUC4, GALR1, and WDR45B, which are implicated in auditory function, as differentially methylated associated with self-reported tinnitus. These findings suggest neurobiological mechanisms behind auditory injuries in our military warfighters and are particularly relevant given tinnitus is not only a primary disability among veterans, but has also been demonstrated in active duty medical records for populations exposed to blast in training. Additionally, we found that differentially methylated regions associated with the genes CCDC68 and COMT track with sleep difficulties, and those within FMOD and TNXB track with pain and headache. Conclusion: Sleep disturbances, as well as tinnitus and chronic pain, are widely reported in U.S. military service members and veterans. As we have previously demonstrated, DNA methylation encapsulates lifetime exposure to blast. The current data support previous findings and recapitulate transcriptional regulatory alterations in genes involved in sleep, auditory function, and pain. These data uncovered novel epigenetic and transcriptional regulatory mechanism underlying the etiological basis of these symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Wang
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Medical Epigenetics, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Caroline M. Wilson
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Medical Epigenetics, Bronx, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yongchao Ge
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey Nemes
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Christina LaValle
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Angela Boutté
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Walter Carr
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Gary Kamimori
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Fatemeh Haghighi
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Medical Epigenetics, Bronx, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
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9
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Van Someren EJW. Brain mechanisms of insomnia: new perspectives on causes and consequences. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:995-1046. [PMID: 32790576 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00046.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While insomnia is the second most common mental disorder, progress in our understanding of underlying neurobiological mechanisms has been limited. The present review addresses the definition and prevalence of insomnia and explores its subjective and objective characteristics across the 24-hour day. Subsequently, the review extensively addresses how the vulnerability to develop insomnia is affected by genetic variants, early life stress, major life events, and brain structure and function. Further supported by the clear mental health risks conveyed by insomnia, the integrated findings suggest that the vulnerability to develop insomnia could rather be found in brain circuits regulating emotion and arousal than in circuits involved in circadian and homeostatic sleep regulation. Finally, a testable model is presented. The model proposes that in people with a vulnerability to develop insomnia, the locus coeruleus is more sensitive to-or receives more input from-the salience network and related circuits, even during rapid eye movement sleep, when it should normally be sound asleep. This vulnerability may ignite a downward spiral of insufficient overnight adaptation to distress, resulting in accumulating hyperarousal, which, in turn, impedes restful sleep and moreover increases the risk of other mental health adversity. Sensitized brain circuits are likely to be subjectively experienced as "sleeping with one eye open". The proposed model opens up the possibility for novel intervention studies and animal studies, thus accelerating the ignition of a neuroscience of insomnia, which is direly needed for better treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eus J W Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Drogou C, Sauvet F, Erblang M, Detemmerman L, Derbois C, Erkel MC, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Gomez-Merino D, Chennaoui M. Genotyping on blood and buccal cells using loop-mediated isothermal amplification in healthy humans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 26:e00468. [PMID: 32461926 PMCID: PMC7240324 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variations contribute to phenotypic individual vulnerabilities to sleep debt. LAMP-MC is a recently developed method to characterize Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. Detection is performed directly from whole blood or buccal cells. LAMP-MC method produced specific melting curves for 5 sleep debt-related SNPs. High concordance of results was observed between LAMP-MC and Taqman referent method.
Genetic variations contribute to phenotypic individual vulnerabilities to sleep debt, particularly for five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Loop-mediated isothermal amplification and melting curve analysis (LAMP-MC) is a recently developed method to characterize SNPs. The aim of present study was to evaluate the LAMP-MC method on blood and buccal cells for detection of five SNPs of interest in healthy humans. We first analyzed signals obtained from LAMP-MC method on 42 samples. Then we compared the results with those of referent TaqMan method. The LAMP-MC method produced specific melting curves for the five SNPs. A high concordance of genotyping results was observed between the two methods for rs5751876_ADORA2A, rs1800629_TNF-α, rs73598374_ADA and rs228697_PER3 in blood and saliva (Cohen’s kappa coefficient >0.80). A good agreement ( = 0.61) was observed for rs4680_COMT in blood only. LAMP-MC is a simple and reliable method to study genetic influences on health, sleep debt-related performance impairments and countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Drogou
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, France.,Université de Paris, Equipe d'Accueil VIgilance FAtigue et SOmmeil (VIFASOM), EA 7330, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, France.,Université de Paris, Equipe d'Accueil VIgilance FAtigue et SOmmeil (VIFASOM), EA 7330, Paris, France
| | - Mégane Erblang
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, France.,Université de Paris, Equipe d'Accueil VIgilance FAtigue et SOmmeil (VIFASOM), EA 7330, Paris, France
| | | | - Céline Derbois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Evry, France
| | - Marie Claire Erkel
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Evry, France
| | - Jean François Deleuze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Evry, France
| | - Danielle Gomez-Merino
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, France.,Université de Paris, Equipe d'Accueil VIgilance FAtigue et SOmmeil (VIFASOM), EA 7330, Paris, France
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, France.,Université de Paris, Equipe d'Accueil VIgilance FAtigue et SOmmeil (VIFASOM), EA 7330, Paris, France
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11
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Genetics of Circadian and Sleep Measures in Adults: Implications for Sleep Medicine. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-020-00165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Rhodes JA, Lane JM, Vlasac IM, Rutter MK, Czeisler CA, Saxena R. Association of DAT1 genetic variants with habitual sleep duration in the UK Biobank. Sleep 2019; 42:5123695. [PMID: 30299516 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Short sleep duration has been linked to negative health effects, but is a complex phenotype with many contributing factors, including genetic. We evaluated 27 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes previously reported to be associated with other sleep variables for association with self-reported habitual sleep duration in the UK Biobank in 111 975 individuals of European ancestry. Genetic variation in DAT1 (rs464049) was significantly associated with sleep duration after correction for multiple testing (p = 4.00 × 10-5), whereas SNPs correlated to a previously studied variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in DAT1 were not significant in this population. We also replicated a previously reported association in DRD2. Independent replication of these associations and a second signal in DRD2 (rs11214607) was observed in an additional 261 870 participants of European ancestry from the UK Biobank. Meta-analysis confirmed genome-wide significant association of DAT1 rs464049 (G, beta [standard error, SE] = -0.96 [0.18] minutes/allele, p = 5.71 × 10-10) and study-wide significant association of DRD2 (rs17601612, C, beta [SE] = -0.66 [0.18] minutes/allele, p = 1.77 × 10-5; rs11214607, C, beta [SE] = 1.08 (0.24) minutes/allele, p = 1.39 × 10-6). Overall, SNPs in two dopamine-related genes were significantly associated with sleep duration, highlighting the important link of the dopamine system with adult sleep duration in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Rhodes
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA.,Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Irma M Vlasac
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Manchester Diabetes Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Charles A Czeisler
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA.,Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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13
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Satterfield BC, Wisor JP, Schmidt MA, Van Dongen HPA. Time-on-Task Effect During Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Young Adults Is Modulated by Dopamine Transporter Genotype. Sleep 2018; 40:4344479. [PMID: 29029252 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsx167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives The time-on-task (TOT) effect and total sleep deprivation (TSD) have similar effects on neurobehavioral functioning, including increased performance instability during tasks requiring sustained attention. The TOT effect is exacerbated by TSD, suggesting potentially overlapping mechanisms. We probed these mechanisms by investigating genotype-phenotype relationships on psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) performance for 3 a-priori selected genes previously linked to the TOT effect and/or TSD: dopamine active transporter 1 (DAT1), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Methods N = 82 healthy adults participated in 1 of 3 laboratory studies. A 10-min PVT was administered repeatedly during 38 h of TSD. We assessed changes in response time (RT) across each minute of the PVT as a function of time awake and genotype. Additionally, cumulative relative RT frequency distributions were constructed to examine changes in performance from the first to the second 5 min of the PVT as a function of genotype. Results DAT1, COMT, and TNFα were associated with differences in the build-up of the TOT effect across the 10-min PVT. DAT1 additionally modulated the interaction between TSD and the TOT effect. Subjects homozygous for the DAT1 10-repeat allele were relatively protected against TOT deficits on the PVT during TSD compared to carriers of the 9-repeat allele. Conclusions DAT1 is known to regulate dopamine reuptake and is highly expressed in the striatum. Our results implicate striatal dopamine in mechanisms involved in performance instability that appear to be common to TSD and the TOT effect. Furthermore, DAT1 may be a candidate biomarker of resilience to the build-up of performance impairment across TOT due to TSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brieann C Satterfield
- Sleep and Performance Research Center and Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
| | - Jonathan P Wisor
- Sleep and Performance Research Center and Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
| | - Michelle A Schmidt
- Sleep and Performance Research Center and Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
| | - Hans P A Van Dongen
- Sleep and Performance Research Center and Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
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14
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Byrne JEM, Bullock B, Brydon A, Murray G. A psychometric investigation of the sleep, circadian rhythms, and mood (SCRAM) questionnaire. Chronobiol Int 2018; 36:265-275. [PMID: 30395721 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1533850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The sleep, circadian rhythms, and mood (SCRAM) questionnaire (Byrne, Bullock et al., 2017) was designed to concurrently measure individual differences in three clinically important functions: diurnal preference, sleep quality, and mood. The 15-item questionnaire consists of three 5-item scales named Morningness, Good Sleep, and Depressed Mood. The overarching aim of the current project was to investigate the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Here, we report on associations investigated in three data sets. Study 1 (N = 70, 80% females) was used to examine the test-retest reliability of the questionnaire, finding strong test-retest reliability of the three scales over a 2-week period (r's ranging from 0.73 to 0.86). Study 2 (N = 183, 80% females) enabled us to examine the construct validity of the SCRAM scales against well-validated self-report measures of diurnal preference, sleep quality, and depression. Strong correlations were found between each SCRAM scale and their respective measure in bivariate analyses, and associations were robust after the inclusion of the remaining two SCRAM scales as predictors in regression analyses. Data from Study 3 (N = 42, 100% males) were used to measure the extent to which SCRAM scores correlated with objective measures of sleep-wake behavior using actigraphy. Morningness was found to be related to earlier sleep onset and offset times, and Good Sleep was related to higher sleep efficiency but to no other measures of sleep quality; Depressed Mood was not related to actigraphy measures. The findings provide provisional support for construct validity and reliability of the SCRAM questionnaire as a measure of diurnal preference, sleep quality, and depressed mood. Future research into the psychometrics of SCRAM should test the questionnaire's discriminant and predictive validity in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie E M Byrne
- a Centre for Mental Health , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Australia
| | - Ben Bullock
- a Centre for Mental Health , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Australia
| | - Aida Brydon
- a Centre for Mental Health , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Australia
| | - Greg Murray
- a Centre for Mental Health , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Australia
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15
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Marinho V, Oliveira T, Bandeira J, Pinto GR, Gomes A, Lima V, Magalhães F, Rocha K, Ayres C, Carvalho V, Velasques B, Ribeiro P, Orsini M, Bastos VH, Gupta D, Teixeira S. Genetic influence alters the brain synchronism in perception and timing. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:61. [PMID: 30086746 PMCID: PMC6080374 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies at the molecular level aim to integrate genetic and neurobiological data to provide an increasingly detailed understanding of phenotypes related to the ability in time perception. Main Text This study suggests that the polymorphisms genetic SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR, 5HTR2A T102C, DRD2/ANKK1-Taq1A, SLC6A3 3’-UTR VNTR, COMT Val158Met, CLOCK genes and GABRB2 A/C as modification factor at neurochemical levels associated with several neurofunctional aspects, modifying the circadian rhythm and built-in cognitive functions in the timing. We conducted a literature review with 102 studies that met inclusion criteria to synthesize findings on genetic polymorphisms and their influence on the timing. Conclusion The findings suggest an association of genetic polymorphisms on behavioral aspects related in timing. However, order to confirm the paradigm of association in the timing as a function of the molecular level, still need to be addressed future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Marinho
- Neuro-innovation Technology & Brain Mapping Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião n° 2819 - Nossa Sra. de Fátima -, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil. .,Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil. .,The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil.
| | - Thomaz Oliveira
- Neuro-innovation Technology & Brain Mapping Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião n° 2819 - Nossa Sra. de Fátima -, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.,Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Juliete Bandeira
- Neuro-innovation Technology & Brain Mapping Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião n° 2819 - Nossa Sra. de Fátima -, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Giovanny R Pinto
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil.,The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Anderson Gomes
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Valéria Lima
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Francisco Magalhães
- Neuro-innovation Technology & Brain Mapping Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião n° 2819 - Nossa Sra. de Fátima -, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.,The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Kaline Rocha
- Neuro-innovation Technology & Brain Mapping Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião n° 2819 - Nossa Sra. de Fátima -, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.,The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Carla Ayres
- Neuro-innovation Technology & Brain Mapping Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião n° 2819 - Nossa Sra. de Fátima -, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Valécia Carvalho
- Neuro-innovation Technology & Brain Mapping Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião n° 2819 - Nossa Sra. de Fátima -, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.,The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Bruna Velasques
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ribeiro
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Orsini
- Master's Program in Local Development Program, University Center Augusto Motta - UNISUAM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Health Sciences Applied - Vassouras University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Bastos
- Brain Mapping and Functionality Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Daya Gupta
- Department of Biology, Camden County College, Blackwood, NJ, USA
| | - Silmar Teixeira
- Neuro-innovation Technology & Brain Mapping Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião n° 2819 - Nossa Sra. de Fátima -, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.,The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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16
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Effects of COMT genotype and tolcapone on lapses of sustained attention after sleep deprivation in healthy young men. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:1599-1607. [PMID: 29472644 PMCID: PMC5983551 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0018-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tolcapone, a brain penetrant selective inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) devoid of psychostimulant properties, improves cognition and cortical information processing in rested volunteers, depending on the genotype of the functional Val158Met polymorphism of COMT. The impact of this common genetic variant on behavioral and neurophysiological markers of increased sleep need after sleep loss is controversial. Here we investigated the potential usefulness of tolcapone to mitigate consequences of sleep deprivation on lapses of sustained attention, and tested the hypothesis that dopamine signaling in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) causally contributes to neurobehavioral and neurophysiological markers of sleep homeostasis in humans. We first quantified in 73 young male volunteers the impact of COMT genotype on the evolution of attentional lapses during 40 h of extended wakefulness. Subsequently, we tested in an independent group of 30 young men whether selective inhibition of COMT activity with tolcapone counteracts attentional and neurophysiological markers of elevated sleep need in a genotype-dependent manner. Neither COMT genotype nor tolcapone affected brain electrical activity in wakefulness and sleep. By contrast, COMT genotype and tolcapone modulated the sleep loss-induced impairment of vigilant attention. More specifically, Val/Met heterozygotes produced twice as many lapses after a night without sleep than Met/Met homozygotes. Unexpectedly, tolcapone further deteriorated the sleep loss-induced performance deficits when compared to placebo, particularly in Val/Met and Met/Met genotypes. The findings suggest that PFC dopaminergic tone regulates sustained attention after sleep loss according to an inverse U-shape relationship, independently of neurophysiological markers of elevated sleep need.
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17
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Dahlhaus R. Of Men and Mice: Modeling the Fragile X Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:41. [PMID: 29599705 PMCID: PMC5862809 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is one of the most common forms of inherited intellectual disability in all human societies. Caused by the transcriptional silencing of a single gene, the fragile x mental retardation gene FMR1, FXS is characterized by a variety of symptoms, which range from mental disabilities to autism and epilepsy. More than 20 years ago, a first animal model was described, the Fmr1 knock-out mouse. Several other models have been developed since then, including conditional knock-out mice, knock-out rats, a zebrafish and a drosophila model. Using these model systems, various targets for potential pharmaceutical treatments have been identified and many treatments have been shown to be efficient in preclinical studies. However, all attempts to turn these findings into a therapy for patients have failed thus far. In this review, I will discuss underlying difficulties and address potential alternatives for our future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Dahlhaus
- Institute for Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer Centre, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Schilling C, Gappa L, Schredl M, Streit F, Treutlein J, Frank J, Deuschle M, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Rietschel M, Witt SH. Fast sleep spindle density is associated with rs4680 (Val108/158Met) genotype of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Sleep 2018; 41:4791869. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Schilling
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Sleep laboratory, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lena Gappa
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Sleep laboratory, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Schredl
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Sleep laboratory, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabian Streit
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jens Treutlein
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Josef Frank
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Deuschle
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Sleep laboratory, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Satterfield BC, Hinson JM, Whitney P, Schmidt MA, Wisor JP, Van Dongen HPA. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype affects cognitive control during total sleep deprivation. Cortex 2017; 99:179-186. [PMID: 29248857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive decision making is profoundly impaired by total sleep deprivation (TSD). This suggests that TSD impacts fronto-striatal pathways involved in cognitive control, where dopamine is a key neuromodulator. In the prefrontal cortex (PFC), dopamine is catabolized by the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). A functional polymorphism (Val158Met) influences COMT's enzymatic activity, resulting in markedly different levels of prefrontal dopamine. We investigated the effect of this polymorphism on adaptive decision making during TSD. Sixty-six healthy young adults participated in one of two in-laboratory studies. After a baseline day, subjects were randomized to either a TSD group (n = 32) with 38 h or 62 h of extended wakefulness or a well-rested control group (n = 34) with 10 h nighttime sleep opportunities. Subjects performed a go/no-go reversal learning (GNGr) task at well-rested baseline and again during TSD or equivalent control. During the task, subjects were required to learn stimulus-response relationships from accuracy feedback. The stimulus-response relationships were reversed halfway through the task, which required subjects to learn the new stimulus-response relationships from accuracy feedback. Performance on the GNGr task was quantified by discriminability (d') between go and no-go stimuli before and after the stimulus-response reversal. GNGr performance did not differ between COMT genotypes when subjects were well-rested. However, TSD exposed a significant vulnerability to adaptive decision making impairment in subjects with the Val allele. Our results indicate that sleep deprivation degrades cognitive control through a fronto-striatal, dopaminergic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brieann C Satterfield
- Sleep and Performance Research Center and Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
| | - John M Hinson
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Paul Whitney
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Michelle A Schmidt
- Sleep and Performance Research Center and Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
| | - Jonathan P Wisor
- Sleep and Performance Research Center and Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
| | - Hans P A Van Dongen
- Sleep and Performance Research Center and Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
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Bastos P, Gomes T, Ribeiro L. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT): An Update on Its Role in Cancer, Neurological and Cardiovascular Diseases. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 173:1-39. [DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Functional Polymorphisms in Dopaminergic Genes Modulate Neurobehavioral and Neurophysiological Consequences of Sleep Deprivation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45982. [PMID: 28393838 PMCID: PMC5385564 DOI: 10.1038/srep45982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation impairs cognitive performance and reliably alters brain activation in wakefulness and sleep. Nevertheless, the molecular regulators of prolonged wakefulness remain poorly understood. Evidence from genetic, behavioral, pharmacologic and imaging studies suggest that dopaminergic signaling contributes to the behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) consequences of sleep loss, although direct human evidence thereof is missing. We tested whether dopamine neurotransmission regulate sustained attention and evolution of EEG power during prolonged wakefulness. Here, we studied the effects of functional genetic variation in the dopamine transporter (DAT1) and the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) genes, on psychomotor performance and standardized waking EEG oscillations during 40 hours of wakefulness in 64 to 82 healthy volunteers. Sleep deprivation consistently enhanced sleepiness, lapses of attention and the theta-to-alpha power ratio (TAR) in the waking EEG. Importantly, DAT1 and DRD2 genotypes distinctly modulated sleep loss-induced changes in subjective sleepiness, PVT lapses and TAR, according to inverted U-shaped relationships. Together, the data suggest that genetically determined differences in DAT1 and DRD2 expression modulate functional consequences of sleep deprivation, supporting the hypothesis that striato-thalamo-cortical dopaminergic pathways modulate the neurobehavioral and neurophysiological consequences of sleep loss in humans.
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Lind MJ, Gehrman PR. Genetic Pathways to Insomnia. Brain Sci 2016; 6:E64. [PMID: 27999387 PMCID: PMC5187578 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci6040064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes current research on the genetics of insomnia, as genetic contributions are thought to be important for insomnia etiology. We begin by providing an overview of genetic methods (both quantitative and measured gene), followed by a discussion of the insomnia genetics literature with regard to each of the following common methodologies: twin and family studies, candidate gene studies, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Next, we summarize the most recent gene identification efforts (primarily GWAS results) and propose several potential mechanisms through which identified genes may contribute to the disorder. Finally, we discuss new genetic approaches and how these may prove useful for insomnia, proposing an agenda for future insomnia genetics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie J Lind
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Philip R Gehrman
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Jawinski P, Tegelkamp S, Sander C, Häntzsch M, Huang J, Mauche N, Scholz M, Spada J, Ulke C, Burkhardt R, Reif A, Hegerl U, Hensch T. Time to wake up: No impact of COMT Val158Met gene variation on circadian preferences, arousal regulation and sleep. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:893-905. [PMID: 27148829 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1178275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine has been implicated in the regulation of sleep-wake states and the circadian rhythm. However, there is no consensus on the impact of two established dopaminergic gene variants: the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met (COMT Val158Met; rs4680) and the dopamine D4 receptor Exon III variable-number-of-tandem-repeat polymorphism (DRD4 VNTR). Pursuing a multi-method approach, we examined their potential effects on circadian preferences, arousal regulation and sleep. Subjects underwent a 7-day actigraphy assessment (SenseWear Pro3), a 20-minute resting EEG (analyzed using VIGALL 2.0) and a body mass index (BMI) assessment. Further, they completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The sample comprised 4625 subjects (19-82 years) genotyped for COMT Val158Met, and 689 elderly subjects (64-82 years) genotyped for DRD4 VNTR. The number of subjects varied across phenotypes. Power calculations revealed a minimum required phenotypic variance explained by genotype ranging between 0.5% and 1.5% for COMT Val158Met and between 3.3% and 6.0% for DRD4 VNTR. Analyses did not reveal significant genotype effects on MEQ, ESS, PSQI, BMI, actigraphy and EEG variables. Additionally, we found no compelling evidence in sex- and age-stratified subsamples. Few associations surpassed the threshold of nominal significance (p < .05), providing some indication for a link between DRD4 VNTR and daytime sleepiness. Taken together, in light of the statistical power obtained in the present study, our data particularly suggest no impact of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism on circadian preferences, arousal regulation and sleep. The suggestive link between DRD4 VNTR and daytime sleepiness, on the other hand, might be worth investigation in a sample enriched with younger adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Jawinski
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,c Depression Research Center of the German Depression Foundation , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Sophie Tegelkamp
- b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Christian Sander
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,c Depression Research Center of the German Depression Foundation , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Madlen Häntzsch
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,d Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics , University Hospital Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Jue Huang
- b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Nicole Mauche
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,e Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Janek Spada
- b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,c Depression Research Center of the German Depression Foundation , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Christine Ulke
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,c Depression Research Center of the German Depression Foundation , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,d Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics , University Hospital Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- f Department of Psychiatry , Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Ulrich Hegerl
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,c Depression Research Center of the German Depression Foundation , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Tilman Hensch
- a LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany.,b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
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Garbazza C, Bromundt V, Eckert A, Brunner DP, Meier F, Hackethal S, Cajochen C. Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Disorder Revisited - A Case Study. Front Neurol 2016; 7:17. [PMID: 26973592 PMCID: PMC4770037 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human sleep-wake cycle is governed by two major factors: a homeostatic hourglass process (process S), which rises linearly during the day, and a circadian process C, which determines the timing of sleep in a ~24-h rhythm in accordance to the external light-dark (LD) cycle. While both individual processes are fairly well characterized, the exact nature of their interaction remains unclear. The circadian rhythm is generated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus ("master clock") of the anterior hypothalamus, through cell-autonomous feedback loops of DNA transcription and translation. While the phase length (tau) of the cycle is relatively stable and genetically determined, the phase of the clock is reset by external stimuli ("zeitgebers"), the most important being the LD cycle. Misalignments of the internal rhythm with the LD cycle can lead to various somatic complaints and to the development of circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSD). Non-24-hour sleep-wake disorders (N24HSWD) is a CRSD affecting up to 50% of totally blind patients and characterized by the inability to maintain a stable entrainment of the typically long circadian rhythm (tau > 24.5 h) to the LD cycle. The disease is rare in sighted individuals and the pathophysiology less well understood. Here, we present the case of a 40-year-old sighted male, who developed a misalignment of the internal clock with the external LD cycle following the treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma (ABVD regimen, four cycles and AVD regimen, four cycles). A thorough clinical assessment, including actigraphy, melatonin profiles and polysomnography led to the diagnosis of non-24-hour sleep-wake disorders (N24HSWD) with a free-running rhythm of tau = 25.27 h. A therapeutic intervention with bright light therapy (30 min, 10,000 lux) in the morning and melatonin administration (0.5-0.75 mg) in the evening failed to entrain the free-running rhythm, although a longer treatment duration and more intense therapy might have been successful. The sudden onset and close timely connection led us to hypothesize that the chemotherapy might have caused a mutation of the molecular clock components leading to the observed elongation of the circadian period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Garbazza
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vivien Bromundt
- Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy-Centre, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne Eckert
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel P. Brunner
- Center for Sleep Medicine, Hirslanden Clinic Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fides Meier
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian Cajochen
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Dauvilliers Y, Tafti M, Landolt HP. Catechol-O-methyltransferase, dopamine, and sleep-wake regulation. Sleep Med Rev 2015; 22:47-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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A genetic-demographic approach reveals a gender-specific association of SLC6A3/DAT1 40 bp-VNTR with life-expectancy. Biogerontology 2015; 16:365-73. [PMID: 25617181 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Several recent lines of evidence are proving an important role for dopamine in the aging process and in the determination of life span. Components of the dopaminergic system may represent good candidates for longevity studies. Herein, we tested the possible association of the functional SLC6A3/DAT1 40-bp VNTR with life-expectancy in a healthy population of Central Italy (N = 993) by applying a genetic-demographic approach that takes into account the demographic information and different survival rates between sexes for modeling the survival of specific allele carriers in the population. Male carriers of S*/S* genotype showed a lower survival chance across most of the lifespan respect to the survival of DAT1*L-carriers (P = 0.021). The same analyses gave non-significant results in females. Several studies already reported significant sex differences in dopamine metabolism and its related biological pathways. Thus, we can hypothesize that the SLC6A3/DAT1 40 bp-VNTR may affect life expectancy in a sex-specific way. Moreover, it is conceivable that DAT1 S*/S* carriers, who are prone to assume "risk" type behaviors, may be dropped out of the "healthy" population by a sort of "demographic selection".
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27
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Blum K, Thanos PK, Gold MS. Dopamine and glucose, obesity, and reward deficiency syndrome. Front Psychol 2014; 5:919. [PMID: 25278909 PMCID: PMC4166230 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity as a result of overeating as well as a number of well described eating disorders has been accurately considered to be a world-wide epidemic. Recently a number of theories backed by a plethora of scientifically sound neurochemical and genetic studies provide strong evidence that food addiction is similar to psychoactive drug addiction. Our laboratory has published on the concept known as Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) which is a genetic and epigenetic phenomena leading to impairment of the brain reward circuitry resulting in a hypo-dopaminergic function. RDS involves the interactions of powerful neurotransmitters and results in abnormal craving behavior. A number of important facts which could help translate to potential therapeutic targets espoused in this focused review include: (1) consumption of alcohol in large quantities or carbohydrates binging stimulates the brain’s production of and utilization of dopamine; (2) in the meso-limbic system the enkephalinergic neurons are in close proximity, to glucose receptors; (3) highly concentrated glucose activates the calcium channel to stimulate dopamine release from P12 cells; (4) a significant correlation between blood glucose and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of homovanillic acid the dopamine metabolite; (5) 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), the glucose analog, in pharmacological doses is associated with enhanced dopamine turnover and causes acute glucoprivation. Evidence from animal studies and fMRI in humans support the hypothesis that multiple, but similar brain circuits are disrupted in obesity and drug dependence and for the most part, implicate the involvement of DA-modulated reward circuits in pathologic eating behaviors. Based on a consensus of neuroscience research treatment of both glucose and drug like cocaine, opiates should incorporate dopamine agonist therapy in contrast to current theories and practices that utilizes dopamine antagonistic therapy. Considering that up until now clinical utilization of powerful dopamine D2 agonists have failed due to chronic down regulation of D2 receptors newer targets based on novel less powerful D2 agonists that up-regulate D2 receptors seems prudent. We encourage new strategies targeted at improving DA function in the treatment and prevention of obesity a subtype of reward deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Blum
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA ; Department of Addiction Research & Therapy, Malibu Beach Recovery Center Malibu Beach, CA, USA
| | - Panayotis K Thanos
- Behavior Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Psychology, State University of New York Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Mark S Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA ; Department of Addiction Research & Therapy, Malibu Beach Recovery Center Malibu Beach, CA, USA
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BLUM KENNETH, FEBO MARCELO, MCLAUGHLIN THOMAS, CRONJÉ FRANSJ, HAN DAVID, GOLD SMARK. Hatching the behavioral addiction egg: Reward Deficiency Solution System (RDSS)™ as a function of dopaminergic neurogenetics and brain functional connectivity linking all addictions under a common rubric. J Behav Addict 2014; 3:149-56. [PMID: 25317338 PMCID: PMC4189308 DOI: 10.1556/jba.3.2014.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following the first association between the dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphism and severe alcoholism, there has been an explosion of research reports in the psychiatric and behavioral addiction literature and neurogenetics. With this increased knowledge, the field has been rife with controversy. Moreover, with the advent of Whole Genome-Wide Studies (GWAS) and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), along with Functional Genome Convergence, the multiple-candidate gene approach still has merit and is considered by many as the most prudent approach. However, it is the combination of these two approaches that will ultimately define real, genetic allelic relationships, in terms of both risk and etiology. Since 1996, our laboratory has coined the umbrella term Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) to explain the common neurochemical and genetic mechanisms involved with both substance and non-substance, addictive behaviors. METHODS This is a selective review of peer-reviewed papers primary listed in Pubmed and Medline. RESULTS A review of the available evidence indicates the importance of dopaminergic pathways and resting-state, functional connectivity of brain reward circuits. DISCUSSION Importantly, the proposal is that the real phenotype is RDS and impairments in the brain's reward cascade, either genetically or environmentally (epigenetically) induced, influence both substance and non-substance, addictive behaviors. Understanding shared common mechanisms will ultimately lead to better diagnosis, treatment and prevention of relapse. While, at this juncture, we cannot as yet state that we have "hatched the behavioral addiction egg", we are beginning to ask the correct questions and through an intense global effort will hopefully find a way of "redeeming joy" and permitting homo sapiens live a life, free of addiction and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- KENNETH BLUM
- Department of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA,Department of Clinical Medicine, Malibu Beach Recovery Center, Malibu Beach, CA, USA,Department of Personalized Medicine, IGENE, LLC, Austin, TX, USA,Corresponding author: Kenneth Blum, PhD; Department of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, PO Box 103424 Gainesville, Florida, USA, 32610-3424; Phone: +-619-890-2167; Fax: +-352-392-9887; E-mail:
| | - MARCELO FEBO
- Department of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - DAVID HAN
- Department of Management Science and Statistics, University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - S. MARK GOLD
- Department of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA,Department of Clinical Medicine, Malibu Beach Recovery Center, Malibu Beach, CA, USA
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Gaggioni G, Maquet P, Schmidt C, Dijk DJ, Vandewalle G. Neuroimaging, cognition, light and circadian rhythms. Front Syst Neurosci 2014; 8:126. [PMID: 25071478 PMCID: PMC4086398 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, sleep and wakefulness and the associated cognitive processes are regulated through interactions between sleep homeostasis and the circadian system. Chronic disruption of sleep and circadian rhythmicity is common in our society and there is a need for a better understanding of the brain mechanisms regulating sleep, wakefulness and associated cognitive processes. This review summarizes recent investigations which provide first neural correlates of the combined influence of sleep homeostasis and circadian rhythmicity on cognitive brain activity. Markers of interindividual variations in sleep-wake regulation, such as chronotype and polymorphisms in sleep and clock genes, are associated with changes in cognitive brain responses in subcortical and cortical areas in response to manipulations of the sleep-wake cycle. This review also includes recent data showing that cognitive brain activity is regulated by light, which is a powerful modulator of cognition and alertness and also directly impacts sleep and circadian rhythmicity. The effect of light varied with age, psychiatric status, PERIOD3 genotype and changes in sleep homeostasis and circadian phase. These data provide new insights into the contribution of demographic characteristics, the sleep-wake cycle, circadian rhythmicity and light to brain functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gaggioni
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of LiègeLiège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maquet
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of LiègeLiège, Belgium
| | - Christina Schmidt
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of LiègeLiège, Belgium
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of BaselBasel, Switzerland
| | - Derk-Jan Dijk
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, University of SurreyGuildford, UK
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