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Erem F. Investigation of the effects of corn flour, Spirulina powder, and buffalo yogurt on the quality characteristics of gluten-free muffins. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2024:10820132241248486. [PMID: 38676328 DOI: 10.1177/10820132241248486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the properties of buckwheat flour-based gluten-free muffins formulated by using corn flour (CF), Spirulina powder (SP), and buffalo yogurt (BY) levels as the factors in the Box-Behnken experimental design. The color values, total soluble polyphenol content (TPC), radical scavenging activity (RSA), specific volume, moisture content, and baking loss results were evaluated as the response variables in the design. The buckwheat flour in the control sample was substituted with CF and SP. Cow yogurt was used in the control muffin instead of milk and was substituted with BY at different levels in other samples. Among the response variables, TPC and RSA values were selected for the optimization studies. Decreasing the CF and SP levels in the formulations resulted in observing higher TPC and RSA values. Three optimal formulations were obtained by response surface methodology. Both cow and buffalo yogurt did not change the properties of the muffins adversely compared to milk. Increasing the SP content made the muffins firmer and caused a decrease in the L*, a*, b*, and browning index values of the muffins. However, sensory scores of SP-containing muffins were also satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fundagül Erem
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Türkiye
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Acurio L, Salazar D, García ME, García-Segovia P, Martínez-Monzó J, Igual M. Characterization, mathematical modeling of moisture sorption isotherms and bioactive compounds of Andean root flours. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100752. [PMID: 38708101 PMCID: PMC11067363 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Andean roots can be used as an alternative to gluten-free food. The objective of this study was to enhance the technological and nutritional properties of Andean root flours to promote their industrial applicability. The water content and activity of the flour were lower than those required to prevent mold growth. The bulk density of the flour was comparable to that of wheat flour. The flour of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. exhibited the lowest water absorption capacity of the tested samples. However, both this flour and Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz & Pavón showed a higher fat absorption capacity. The samples exhibited type-II isotherms, indicating that the flours were highly hygroscopic. The Guggenheim, Anderson, and de Boer GAB model showed a higher coefficient of determination in mathematical modeling. The chroma of T. tuberosum Ruiz & Pavón flour was higher than the other samples, which was related to total carotenoids and lycopene. Furthermore, I. batatas (L.) Lam. exhibited the highest phenol value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Acurio
- Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis & Río Payamino, 180150, Ambato, Ecuador
- I-Food Group, Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos-FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46021, Valencia, Spain
| | - Diego Salazar
- Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis & Río Payamino, 180150, Ambato, Ecuador
| | - María Eugenia García
- Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis & Río Payamino, 180150, Ambato, Ecuador
| | - Purificación García-Segovia
- I-Food Group, Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos-FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46021, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez-Monzó
- I-Food Group, Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos-FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46021, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Igual
- I-Food Group, Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos-FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46021, Valencia, Spain
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Proteins from Modern and Ancient Wheat Cultivars: Impact on Immune Cells of Healthy Individuals and Patients with NCGS. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204257. [PMID: 36296938 PMCID: PMC9611902 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), the elimination of wheat results in a clear symptom improvement, but gluten has still not been proven as (the sole) trigger. Due to the increase in the prevalence of gluten-related diseases, the breeding of high-performance wheat cultivars is discussed as a trigger. To analyze the immune stimulation and signal pathways, the immune cells of healthy subjects and patients with NCGS were stimulated with gliadins from wheat, and the expression and secretion of interleukin 1ß (IL1ß) and interleukin 6 (IL6) were studied. To determine the impact of wheat breeding, the monocyte cell line THP1 and human immune cells were stimulated with gliadin, glutenin, and albumin/globulin fractions of ancient and modern cereals, and expression of inflammatory molecules was checked. Immune cells of patients with NCGS showed an increased expression of IL1ß and IL6 after stimulation with gliadins compared to immune cells of healthy controls. Gliadins caused a strong activation of P-STAT3 in immune cells of healthy controls, and inhibitors of JAK and NFκB pathways considerably reduced this response. In addition to gliadins, we further showed that glutenins and albumin/globulins from all wheat cultivars from the last century, and especially from einkorn and spelt, also markedly induced the expression of inflammatory genes in THP1 and human immune cells. There was no correlation between enhanced immune stimulation and ancient or modern cultivars. This does not support the hypothesis that modern wheat breeding is responsible for the increase in gluten-related diseases. An altered immune situation is suggested in patients with NCGS.
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Seroprevalence of Anti-tTg-IgA among Symptomized Celiac Disease Patients and Their Correlation with Rotavirus Infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6972624. [PMID: 36193310 PMCID: PMC9526599 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6972624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder in the intestinal tract as a response to the use of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. It is a worldwide problem, with a high prevalence rate in North America. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 1090 samples collected from different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, from January 2019 to December 2019. In this study, 1090 blood samples screened for seroprevalence of anti-tTG antibodies in CD symptomatic patients via ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). 1090 fecal samples from the same CD patients were collected and tested for the presence of rotavirus (RV) via ELISA and RT-PCR. Of the 1090 patients tested for seroprevalence of anti-tTG antibodies, 112/1090 (10.3%) were found to be positive. Of the 112 anti-tTG-positive patients, 78/112 (70%) were positive for RV via ELISA and 74/112 (66.1%) were RV positive via RT-PCR. A statistically significant association was reported between rotavirus infection and celiac disease (p˂0.05). Anti-tTG antibodies were higher in age group 6 (12-18 years) patients (18.4%) and at minimum in age group 3 (1-3 years) patients (4.8%). However, there was a statistically insignificant relationship between group age and CD prevalence (p > 0.05). The highest CD prevalence was noted during winter season (19.6%) and the lowest (3.0%) during fall/autumn. Our study findings demonstrate that Pakistan has a high prevalence of CD compared to other studies. Further studies in the fields of environmental risk factors and treatment with more advanced serological and histopathological studies are needed in the future.
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Phytochemical Components and Human Health Effects of Old versus Modern Italian Wheat Varieties: The Case of Durum Wheat Senatore Cappelli. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132779. [PMID: 35807959 PMCID: PMC9269238 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet has significant beneficial health effects and wheat is a major component of the Mediterranean diet, mainly in the form of bread and pasta. Modern wheat generally refers to varieties that were developed after the introduction of dwarfing genes in the 1950s, while old varieties are considered those developed before that time. Research findings on Italian wheat varieties showed that the total polyphenol content in both old and modern durum and soft wheat varieties are similar; but the old varieties have a higher number of polyphenols and of isomer forms. In particular, the durum wheat Senatore Cappelli genotype shows a very high variety of polyphenolic components. Recent studies have demonstrated healthy cardiovascular effects (favorable changes of atherosclerosis markers such as lipid parameters and hemorheological variables) as well as a marked reduction in gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms in non-celiac gluten sensitivity subjects with the consumption of pasta obtained by old durum wheat Senatore Cappelli variety, even though this type of wheat contains high amounts of gluten. In conclusion, old wheat Italian varieties, and in particular the Senatore Cappelli genotype, are characterized by multiple nutraceutical specificities that could suggest their use for health-promoting purposes. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings, focusing attention also on the effect of different environments and years.
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He WJ, Chen N, Yu ZL, Sun Q, He Q, Zeng WC. Gliadin interacted with tea polyphenols: potential application and action mechanism. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:786-799. [PMID: 35603582 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2078283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of tea polyphenols (TPs) on noodles quality was investigated, and the interaction mechanism between catechins and gliadins was explored. With TPs addition, noodles showed the significant changes in physicochemical and sensory properties. The water absorption, tensile strength and elasticity increased by 1.35%, 4.98%, 28.51% with 0.5% of TPs, and then decreased with the increasing of TPs. According to the determinations of surface hydrophobicity, spatial structure, thermal properties, amidogen and sulfhydryl content, the structure and properties of gliadin were affected by catechins. Esterified catechins tended to disrupt gliadin structures and non-esterified catechins polymerised gliadin molecules. Furthermore, molecular docking results indicated that catechins interacted with gliadin mainly by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic action. The reactivity of catechins with gliadin was in the sequence as: epigallocatechin gallate > epicatechin gallate > epigallocatechin > epicatechin, which was based on the account of gallate and B-ring hydroxyl number discrepancy. All results suggested that catechins affected greatly on gliadin, and TPs were potentially used to improve the quality of flour products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing He
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Nan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Sichuan Province of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhi-Long Yu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, QC, Canada
| | - Qun Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Sichuan Province of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- The Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Sichuan Province of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wei-Cai Zeng
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Sichuan Province of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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Aboulaghras S, Piancatelli D, Oumhani K, Balahbib A, Bouyahya A, Taghzouti K. Pathophysiology and immunogenetics of celiac disease. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 528:74-83. [PMID: 35120899 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory enteropathy caused by gluten (protein from wheat, rye and, barley) in genetically predisposed individuals carrying the HLA-DQ2/HLA-DQ8 genotype. This pathology has a multifactorial etiology in which HLA genes, the microbiome, gluten and, other environmental factors are involved in the development of the disease. Its pathogenesis involves both innate and adaptive immunity as well as upregulation of IL-15. The objective of this review is to examine the results of current studies on genetic and environmental variables to better understand the pathogenesis of this enteropathy. The complex etiology of celiac disease makes our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease incomplete, and a better knowledge of the many genetic and environmental components would help us better understand the pathophysiology of celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Aboulaghras
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic of Human Pathologies Research, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco; Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Institut National d'Hygiene, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Daniela Piancatelli
- National Research Council (CNR)-Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Khadija Oumhani
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Institut National d'Hygiene, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies Research, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Khalid Taghzouti
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic of Human Pathologies Research, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
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Carroccio A, Celano G, Cottone C, Di Sclafani G, Vannini L, D'Alcamo A, Vacca M, Calabrese FM, Mansueto P, Soresi M, Francavilla R, De Angelis M. WHOLE-meal ancient wheat-based diet: Effect on metabolic parameters and microbiota. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:1412-1421. [PMID: 34024731 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Ancient wheat varieties are considered to be healthier than modern ones, but the data are not univocal. We investigated changes in hematochemical parameters and evaluated microbiota data before and after a set period on a diet containing a whole-meal ancient wheat mix. PATIENTS AND METHODS 29 cloistered nuns were recruited. The study comprised two consecutive 30-day periods; during the first one (T1), the nuns received wheat-based foods produced with refined "modern" flour ("Simeto"); during the second one (T2) received wheat-based foods produced with an unrefined flour mix composed of "ancient" cultivars. At entry to the study (T0) and at the end of T1 and T2 hematochemical parameters and fecal microbiota and metabolome were evaluated. RESULTS At the end of T2, there was a significant reduction in serum iron, ferritin, creatinine, sodium, potassium, magnesium, total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol and folic acid. Furthermore, increased the abundance of cultivable enterococci, lactic acid bacteria and total anaerobes. The ability of the gut microbiome to metabolize carbohydrates increased after the period of diet containing ancient grain products. Several volatile organic compounds increased after the one month on the diet enriched with ancient grain products. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed the beneficial effects deriving from a diet including ancient whole-meal/unrefined wheat flours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carroccio
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, Palermo 90100, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Celano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via G. Amendola, 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy
| | | | | | - Lucia Vannini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin, 42, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - Alberto D'Alcamo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, Palermo 90100, Italy
| | - Mirco Vacca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via G. Amendola, 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Calabrese
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via G. Amendola, 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Pasquale Mansueto
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, Palermo 90100, Italy
| | - Maurizio Soresi
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, Palermo 90100, Italy
| | - Ruggiero Francavilla
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via G. Amendola, 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy
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Oreshko LS, Bakulin IG, Avalueva EB, Semenova EA, Sitkin SI. Modern understanding of adult celiac disease. EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY 2021:84-95. [DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-188-4-84-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The article presents a modern view of celiac disease within the framework of the classification concept of gluten- associated disorders. The prevalence of the disease, the modern model of the etiopathogenesis of celiac disease, clinical manifestations, and the possibilities of differential diagnosis are discussed. According to the European guidelines, a strategy for monitoring outpatients with celiac disease is presented, based on baseline characteristics of the disease, regular doctor- patient interaction, and prevention of gluten- associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. S. Oreshko
- North- Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation
| | - I. G. Bakulin
- North- Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation
| | - E. B. Avalueva
- North- Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation
| | - E. A. Semenova
- North- Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation
| | - S. I. Sitkin
- North- Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation;
Federal State Budgetary Institution “Almazov National Medical Research Centre” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
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Keceli Basaran M, Dogan C, Bal M, Geylani Gulec S, Urganci N. Does Having Rotavirus Infection in Early Childhood Increase the Risk of Celiac Disease? J PEDIAT INF DIS-GER 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective With the increasing prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in the population, possible risk factors are under investigation. Environmental and genetic factors that trigger the immune response have been analyzed for many years. This study investigates the presence of CD in children with rotavirus infection. Rotavirus infection is thought to be a risk factor for CD.
Methods Included in the study were 105 of 160 pediatric patients hospitalized due to symptomatic rotavirus infection between 2012 and 2018. These children were screened for CD 45.6 ± 18.2 (14–90) months following the rotavirus infection diagnosed with CD as per ESPGHAN guidelines.
Results A total of 105 pediatric patients who had rotavirus gastroenteritis were included in the study. The age of the children with rotavirus infection was 3.98 ± 1 (2–6) months. In terms of CD, it was 45.6 ± 18.2 months. Around 14 to 90 months later, patients were called for control. CD developed in four (3.8%) of the children with rotavirus, whereas none of the children in the control group developed CD.
Conclusion Rotavirus infection may be a risk factor for CD through immune mechanisms. There are genetic and various environmental factors for the development of CD. Although the CD's occurrence on children who had rotavirus gastroenteritis in our study also supported this situation, there was no statistically significant difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Keceli Basaran
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caner Dogan
- Department of Pediatrics, Gaziosmanpaşa and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Bal
- Department of Pediatrics, Gaziosmanpaşa and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Geylani Gulec
- Department of Pediatrics, Gaziosmanpaşa and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nafiye Urganci
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sariyer Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Pro-Inflammatory Effect of Gliadins and Glutenins Extracted from Different Wheat Cultivars on an In Vitro 3D Intestinal Epithelium Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010172. [PMID: 33375311 PMCID: PMC7795490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to assess the relationship between improved rheological properties and the immunogenic potential of wheat proteins. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of total protein extracts from three modern and two landrace Triticum aestivum commercial flour mixes, with significant differences in gluten strength (GS), on cell lines. Cytotoxicity and innate immune responses induced by wheat proteins were investigated using Caco-2 monocultures, two dimensional (2D) Caco-2/U937 co-cultures, and three dimensional (3D) co-cultures simulating the intestinal mucosa with Caco-2 epithelial cells situated above an extra-cellular matrix containing U937 monocytes and L929 fibroblasts. Modern wheat proteins, with increased GS, significantly reduced Caco-2 cell proliferation and vitality in monoculture and 2D co-cultures than landrace proteins. Modern wheat proteins also augmented Caco-2 monolayer disruption and tight junction protein, occludin, redistribution in 3D co-cultures. Release of interleukin-8 into the cell medium and increased U937 monocyte migration in both 2D and 3D co-cultures were similarly apparent. Immuno-activation of migrating U937 cells was evidenced from cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) staining and CD11b-related differentiation into macrophages. The modern wheat proteins, with gluten polymorphism relatedness and increased GS, were shown to be more cytotoxic and immunogenic than the landrace wheat proteins.
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Wheat gluten intake increases the severity of experimental colitis and bacterial translocation by weakening of the proteins of the junctional complex. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:361-373. [PMID: 30554574 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518003422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gluten is only partially digested by intestinal enzymes and can generate peptides that can alter intestinal permeability, facilitating bacterial translocation, thus affecting the immune system. Few studies addressed the role of diet with gluten in the development of colitis. Therefore, we investigate the effects of wheat gluten-containing diet on the evolution of sodium dextran sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. Mice were fed a standard diet without (colitis group) or with 4·5 % wheat gluten (colitis + gluten) for 15 d and received DSS solution (1·5 %, w/v) instead of water during the last 7 d. Compared with the colitis group, colitis + gluten mice presented a worse clinical score, a larger extension of colonic injury area, and increased mucosal inflammation. Both intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation were increased, propitiating bacteria migration for peripheral organs. The mechanism by which diet with gluten exacerbates colitis appears to be related to changes in protein production and organisation in adhesion junctions and desmosomes. The protein α-E-catenin was especially reduced in mice fed gluten, which compromised the localisation of E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins, weakening the structure of desmosomes. The epithelial damage caused by gluten included shortening of microvilli, a high number of digestive vacuoles, and changes in the endosome/lysosome system. In conclusion, our results show that wheat gluten-containing diet exacerbates the mucosal damage caused by colitis, reducing intestinal barrier function and increasing bacterial translocation. These effects are related to the induction of weakness and disorganisation of adhesion junctions and desmosomes as well as shortening of microvilli and modification of the endocytic vesicle route.
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Popp A, Mäki M. Changing Pattern of Childhood Celiac Disease Epidemiology: Contributing Factors. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:357. [PMID: 31555624 PMCID: PMC6727179 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Up until the 1960s and 1970s, diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome, and failure to thrive were the presenting symptoms and signs of celiac disease (CD) in young infants; however this disease was also at the same time reported to be disappearing. Indeed, clinical childhood CD was seen to transform into a milder form, resulting in an upward shift in age at diagnosis during the 1970s (and years later for many countries). This changing pattern of CD presentation then altered the epidemiology of the disease, with major differences between and within countries observed. An awareness of the changing clinical nature of CD and use of case-finding tools to detect even clinically silent CD became an important factor in this changing epidemiology. Countries report both low and high prevalence but it seems to be on the increase resulting in a population-based level of 1-2%. This paper discusses the potential causes and environmental factors behind these observed clinical changes, identifying new clues from different studies published at the time this transformation took place. For instance, it was found that breastfeeding postponed the diagnosis of the disease but did not altogether prevent it. Moreover, gluten introduction at a young age, specifically at the mean age of 2 months, seemed to also have a clear impact in inducing malabsorption syndrome and failure to thrive in young infants in addition to other factors such as gluten intake volume and type of cereal present in the weaning food. Further, the impact of cow's milk and its high osmolarity might have played an important role; humanized milk formulas were not yet invented. Future epidemiological studies on the contributing environmental factors to the shift in CD presentation are thus recommended for countries in which these changing clinical features are still being observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Popp
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center of Child Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- National Institute for Mother and Child Health “Alessandrescu-Rusescu”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Markku Mäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center of Child Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Caio G, Volta U, Sapone A, Leffler DA, De Giorgio R, Catassi C, Fasano A. Celiac disease: a comprehensive current review. BMC Med 2019; 17:142. [PMID: 31331324 PMCID: PMC6647104 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-019-1380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 445] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celiac disease remains a challenging condition because of a steady increase in knowledge tackling its pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and possible therapeutic options. MAIN BODY A major milestone in the history of celiac disease was the identification of tissue transglutaminase as the autoantigen, thereby confirming the autoimmune nature of this disorder. A genetic background (HLA-DQ2/DQ8 positivity and non-HLA genes) is a mandatory determinant of the development of the disease, which occurs with the contribution of environmental factors (e.g., viral infections and dysbiosis of gut microbiota). Its prevalence in the general population is of approximately 1%, with female predominance. The disease can occur at any age, with a variety of symptoms/manifestations. This multifaceted clinical presentation leads to several phenotypes, i.e., gastrointestinal, extraintestinal, subclinical, potential, seronegative, non-responsive, and refractory. Although small intestinal biopsy remains the diagnostic 'gold standard', highly sensitive and specific serological tests, such as tissue transglutaminase, endomysial and deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies, have become gradually more important in the diagnostic work-up of celiac disease. Currently, the only treatment for celiac disease is a life-long, strict gluten-free diet leading to improvement in quality of life, ameliorating symptoms, and preventing the occurrence of refractory celiac disease, ulcerative jejunoileitis, and small intestinal adenocarcinoma and lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS The present review is timely and provides a thorough appraisal of various aspects characterizing celiac disease. Remaining challenges include obtaining a better understanding of still-unclear phenotypes such as slow-responsive, potential (minimal lesions) and seronegative celiac disease. The identification of alternative or complementary treatments to the gluten-free diet brings hope for patients unavoidably burdened by diet restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Caio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, Cona, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Umberto Volta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Sapone
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Daniel A. Leffler
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Roberto De Giorgio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, Cona, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Catassi
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Celiac Research, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
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15
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Abstract
Coeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. However, only a small proportion of subjects harbouring CD-related genetic risk develop the disease. Among the environmental factors that may influence CD risk, pre- and perinatal factors, delivery methods, parental lifestyle, infant feeding practices, seasonality, dietary factors, drug use, childhood infections and variability in gut microbiota are those most widely studied regarding the risk to develop CD. Although for many of these external factors the exact mechanism of action is unknown, most of them are thought to act by disrupting the intestinal barrier, facilitating contact between potential antigens and the immune system effector cells. Management of CD is relatively easy in patients with a definite diagnosis and requires a strict, lifelong, gluten-free diet. Better knowledge of environmental exposures apart from gluten can facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis of the disorder and the wide heterogeneity of its clinical spectrum. The purpose of this review is to discuss current knowledge on environmental CD risk factors, as well as possible interaction between them, on the grounds of the reliable scientific evidence available. Key messages The risk of developing CD is influenced not only by gluten ingestion but also by a number of environmental factors including childhood infections and variability in gut microbiota, pre- and perinatal factors, infant feeding practices, delivery methods, parental lifestyle, seasonality, dietary factors and drug use, acting mainly by disrupting intestinal permeability. Better knowledge of exposure to these factors can facilitate their identification, and subsequent elimination, in the individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Mario Pes
- a Department of Medical , Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Stefano Bibbò
- a Department of Medical , Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - Maria Pina Dore
- a Department of Medical , Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy.,b Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
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16
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New Protocol for Production of Reduced-Gluten Wheat Bread and Pasta and Clinical Effect in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A randomised, Double-Blind, Cross-Over Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121873. [PMID: 30513824 PMCID: PMC6316462 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that sourdough fermented products have beneficial health effects. Fungal proteases and selected sourdough lactic acid bacteria were used to produce wheat bread and pasta with a reduced-gluten content (<50% of traditional products). Fermentable oligo-, di- and mono- saccharides and polyols and amylase/trypsin inhibitors were also evaluated. The sensorial features of new products were similar to traditional ones. The efficacy of these new products in reducing the severity of symptoms in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) patients were compared to traditional bread and pasta using a randomized, crossover-controlled trial. While on a strict gluten-free diet, patients were randomized to consume a reduced- or normal-gluten diet for 2weeks; then, patients from both arms started the wash-out period of one week, and subsequently started the final 2-week period on a normal or reduced-gluten diet. Compared to normal-gluten content, the administration of a reduced-gluten content diet resulted in a decrease of the Visual Analogue Scale score (p = 0.042), while no differences were found in the IBS-Severity Score, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and IBS-Quality of Life. Data herein reported are novel encouraging findings that should spur a new avenue of research aiming to develop products specifically designed for IBS patients.
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17
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Mamone G, Iacomino G. Comparison of the in vitro toxicity of ancient Triticum monococcum varieties ID331 and Monlis. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 69:954-962. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1444019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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18
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Food Allergy and Intolerance. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35868-2.00031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Meyer N, Reguant-Closa A. "Eat as If You Could Save the Planet and Win!" Sustainability Integration into Nutrition for Exercise and Sport. Nutrients 2017; 9:E412. [PMID: 28430140 PMCID: PMC5409751 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Today's industrial food production contributes significantly to environmental degradation. Meat production accounts for the largest impact, including greenhouse gas emissions, land and water use. While food production and consumption are important aspects when addressing climate change, this article focuses predominantly on dietary change that promotes both health for planet and people with focus on athletes. Healthy, sustainable eating recommendations begin to appear in various governmental guidelines. However, there remains resistance to the suggested reductions in meat consumption. While food citizens are likely to choose what is good for them and the planet, others may not, unless healthy eating initiatives integrate creative food literacy approaches with experiential learning as a potential vehicle for change. This concept paper is organized in three sections: (1) Environmental impact of food; (2) health and sustainability connections; and (3) application in sports and exercise. For active individuals, this article focuses on the quantity of protein, highlighting meat and dairy, and quality of food, with topics such as organic production and biodiversity. Finally, the timing of when to integrate sustainability principles in sport nutrition is discussed, followed by practical applications for education and inclusion in team, institutional, and event operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Meyer
- Health Sciences Department, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA.
| | - Alba Reguant-Closa
- International Doctoral School, University of Andorra, Principality of Andorra, Sant Julià de Lòria AD600, Andorra.
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20
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Alvisi P, De Fazio L, Valerii MC, Cavazza E, Salerno A, Lacorte D, Dinelli G, Spisni E. Responses of blood mononucleated cells and clinical outcome of non-celiac gluten sensitive pediatric patients to various cereal sources: a pilot study. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 68:1005-1012. [PMID: 28420279 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1315058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a clinical entity recently documented by the scientific community in pediatric patients. Nevertheless, its triggering mechanisms remain largely unsettled. We studied 11 children with NCGS who were diagnosed based on a clear-cut relationship between wheat consumption and development of symptoms, after excluding celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy, matched with 18 children with active CD. Sixteen pediatric patients were also enrolled as controls. Cultured peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMCs) obtained from NCGS, CD and control patients were cultured in the presence of wheat proteins extracted from ancient and modern cultivars. Results demonstrated that wheat proteins induced an overactivation of the proinflammatory chemokine CXCL10 in PBMC from NCGS pediatric patients and that this overexpression also depended on the wheat cultivar from which proteins were extracted. Proteins from modern wheat cultivar activated CXCL10 to a greater extent than those extracted from ancient wheat genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Alvisi
- a Gastroenterology of Pediatric Unit , Maggiore Hospital , Bologna , Italy
| | - Luigia De Fazio
- b Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Valerii
- b Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Elena Cavazza
- b Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Angela Salerno
- c Anatomy, Histology and Cytodiagnostic Unit , Maggiore Hospital , Bologna , Italy
| | - Doriana Lacorte
- d Graduate School of Pediatrics , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Giovanni Dinelli
- e Department of Agricultural Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Enzo Spisni
- b Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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21
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Volta U, Caio G, Karunaratne TB, Alaedini A, De Giorgio R. Non-coeliac gluten/wheat sensitivity: advances in knowledge and relevant questions. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11:9-18. [PMID: 27852116 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1260003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-coeliac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCG/WS) is a syndrome characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms occurring a few hours or days after the ingestion of gluten and wheat proteins in patients testing negative for coeliac disease and wheat allergy. Areas covered: The present review deals with recent scientific acquisitions of this gluten-related syndrome, including pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical picture, symptom score, biomarkers and double-blind placebo-controlled trial for diagnosis, and treatment. The methodology used was a literature search on NCG/WS using Medline and Premedline from 1970 to August 2016. Expert commentary: We discussed the pathogenesis of symptom generation and altered gut physiology in NCG/WS. Possible mechanisms include innate and adaptive immune activation, impaired intestinal epithelial barrier and changes in gut microbiome. These interlinked factors may be exploited for their clinical relevance as possible biomarkers. A systemic immune response to microbial and wheat antigens, together with intestinal cell damage, occurs in patients with NCG/WS. Due to the lack of established biomarkers, it is mandatory to validate the diagnosis of the syndrome by means of a well-defined work-up involving dietary challenge. Finally, dietary and other therapeutic indications have been thoroughly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Volta
- a Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Digestive System, Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (C.R.B.A.) , University of Bologna, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Bologna , Italy
| | - Giacomo Caio
- a Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Digestive System, Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (C.R.B.A.) , University of Bologna, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Bologna , Italy.,b Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , USA
| | - Tennekoon B Karunaratne
- a Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Digestive System, Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (C.R.B.A.) , University of Bologna, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Bologna , Italy
| | - Armin Alaedini
- c Department of Medicine , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA.,d Celiac Disease Center , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA.,e Institute of Human Nutrition , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Roberto De Giorgio
- a Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Digestive System, Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (C.R.B.A.) , University of Bologna, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Bologna , Italy
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22
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Sazzini M, De Fanti S, Cherubini A, Quagliariello A, Profiti G, Martelli PL, Casadio R, Ricci C, Campieri M, Lanzini A, Volta U, Caio G, Franceschi C, Spisni E, Luiselli D. Ancient pathogen-driven adaptation triggers increased susceptibility to non-celiac wheat sensitivity in present-day European populations. GENES & NUTRITION 2016; 11:15. [PMID: 27551316 PMCID: PMC4968434 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-016-0532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-celiac wheat sensitivity is an emerging wheat-related syndrome showing peak prevalence in Western populations. Recent studies hypothesize that new gliadin alleles introduced in the human diet by replacement of ancient wheat with modern varieties can prompt immune responses mediated by the CXCR3-chemokine axis potentially underlying such pathogenic inflammation. This cultural shift may also explain disease epidemiology, having turned European-specific adaptive alleles previously targeted by natural selection into disadvantageous ones. METHODS To explore this evolutionary scenario, we performed ultra-deep sequencing of genes pivotal in the CXCR3-inflammatory pathway on individuals diagnosed for non-celiac wheat sensitivity and we applied anthropological evolutionary genetics methods to sequence data from worldwide populations to investigate the genetic legacy of natural selection on these loci. RESULTS Our results indicate that balancing selection has maintained two divergent CXCL10/CXCL11 haplotypes in Europeans, one responsible for boosting inflammatory reactions and another for encoding moderate chemokine expression. CONCLUSIONS This led to considerably higher occurrence of the former haplotype in Western people than in Africans and East Asians, suggesting that they might be more prone to side effects related to the consumption of modern wheat varieties. Accordingly, this study contributed to shed new light on some of the mechanisms potentially involved in the disease etiology and on the evolutionary bases of its present-day epidemiological patterns. Moreover, overrepresentation of disease homozygotes for the dis-adaptive haplotype plausibly accounts for their even more enhanced CXCR3-axis expression and for their further increase in disease risk, representing a promising finding to be validated by larger follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sazzini
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara De Fanti
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Cherubini
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Quagliariello
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Profiti
- Department of Biological, Biocomputing Group, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- CIRI Health Science and Technologies, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Martelli
- Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biological, Biocomputing Group, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Casadio
- Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biological, Biocomputing Group, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, Spedali Civili, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimo Campieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicine Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Lanzini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, Spedali Civili, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Umberto Volta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicine Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Caio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicine Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enzo Spisni
- Department of Biological, Unit of Gut Physiopathology and Nutrition, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donata Luiselli
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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23
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Gélinas P, McKinnon C, Gagnon F. Fructans, water-soluble fibre and fermentable sugars in bread and pasta made with ancient and modern wheat. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gélinas
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Food Research and Development Centre; Saint-Hyacinthe Quebec J2S 8E3 Canada
| | - Carole McKinnon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Food Research and Development Centre; Saint-Hyacinthe Quebec J2S 8E3 Canada
| | - Fleur Gagnon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Food Research and Development Centre; Saint-Hyacinthe Quebec J2S 8E3 Canada
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24
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Incidence of IBD Among Immigrants to Canada and Their Children: Could Gluten Consumption and Celiac Disease Partly Explain the Variation? Am J Gastroenterol 2015; 110:1370-1. [PMID: 26348309 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2015.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Valerii MC, Ricci C, Spisni E, Di Silvestro R, De Fazio L, Cavazza E, Lanzini A, Campieri M, Dalpiaz A, Pavan B, Volta U, Dinelli G. Responses of peripheral blood mononucleated cells from non-celiac gluten sensitive patients to various cereal sources. Food Chem 2015; 176:167-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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26
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Volta U, Caio G, De Giorgio R, Henriksen C, Skodje G, Lundin KE. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a work-in-progress entity in the spectrum of wheat-related disorders. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2015; 29:477-91. [PMID: 26060112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity is an undefined syndrome with gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations triggered by gluten in patients without celiac disease and wheat allergy. The pathogenesis involves immune-mediated mechanisms requiring further research. Symptoms disappear in a few hours or days after gluten withdrawal and recur rapidly after gluten ingestion. Besides gluten, other wheat proteins as well as fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) may contribute to this syndrome. This syndrome occurs mainly in young women, being rare in children. Its prevalence ranges from 0.6% to 6%, based on primary or tertiary care center estimates. No biomarker is available, but half of patients tests positive for IgG anti-gliadin antibodies, which disappear quickly after gluten-free diet together with symptoms. Also, genetic markers are still undefined. Although currently limited to a research setting, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial strategy is recommended to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is based on dietary restriction with special care to nutrient intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Volta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Caio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Roberto De Giorgio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Gry Skodje
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Knut E Lundin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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27
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Trichopoulou A, Martínez-González MA, Tong TYN, Forouhi NG, Khandelwal S, Prabhakaran D, Mozaffarian D, de Lorgeril M. Definitions and potential health benefits of the Mediterranean diet: views from experts around the world. BMC Med 2014; 12:112. [PMID: 25055810 PMCID: PMC4222885 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-12-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet has been linked to a number of health benefits, including reduced mortality risk and lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. Definitions of the Mediterranean diet vary across some settings, and scores are increasingly being employed to define Mediterranean diet adherence in epidemiological studies. Some components of the Mediterranean diet overlap with other healthy dietary patterns, whereas other aspects are unique to the Mediterranean diet. In this forum article, we asked clinicians and researchers with an interest in the effect of diet on health to describe what constitutes a Mediterranean diet in different geographical settings, and how we can study the health benefits of this dietary pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Trichopoulou
- />Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- />Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- />CIBER-OBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tammy YN Tong
- />MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- />MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Shweta Khandelwal
- />Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), New Delhi; Centre for Chronic Disease Control (CCDC), New Delhi, India
| | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- />Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), New Delhi; Centre for Chronic Disease Control (CCDC), New Delhi, India
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- />Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Michel de Lorgeril
- />Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG CNRS UMR 5525, PRETA Cœur & Nutrition, and Faculté de Médecine, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
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