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Avnee, Sood S, Chaudhary DR, Jhorar P, Rana RS. Biofortification: an approach to eradicate micronutrient deficiency. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1233070. [PMID: 37789898 PMCID: PMC10543656 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1233070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiency also known as "hidden hunger" refers to a condition that occurs when the body lacks essential vitamins and minerals that are required in small amounts for proper growth, development and overall health. These deficiencies are particularly common in developing countries, where a lack of access to a varied and nutritious diet makes it difficult for people to get the micronutrients they need. Micronutrient supplementation has been a topic of interest, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, due to its potential role in supporting immune function and overall health. Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), iodine (I), and selenium (Se) deficiency in humans are significant food-related issues worldwide. Biofortification is a sustainable strategy that has been developed to address micronutrient deficiencies by increasing the levels of essential vitamins and minerals in staple crops that are widely consumed by people in affected communities. There are a number of agricultural techniques for biofortification, including selective breeding of crops to have higher levels of specific nutrients, agronomic approach using fertilizers and other inputs to increase nutrient uptake by crops and transgenic approach. The agronomic approach offers a temporary but speedy solution while the genetic approach (breeding and transgenic) is the long-term solution but requires time to develop a nutrient-rich variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnee
- Department of Agronomy, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
| | - Sonia Sood
- Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
| | - Desh Raj Chaudhary
- Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
| | - Pooja Jhorar
- Department of Agronomy, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
| | - Ranbir Singh Rana
- Department of Agronomy, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
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Paśko P, Galanty A, Zagrodzki P, Żmudzki P, Bieniek U, Prochownik E, Domínguez-Álvarez E, Bierła K, Łobiński R, Szpunar J, Handzlik J, Marcinkowska M, Gorinstein S. Varied effect of fortification of kale sprouts with novel organic selenium compounds on the synthesis of sulphur and phenolic compounds in relation to cytotoxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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3
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Hu J, Wang Z, Zhang L, Peng J, Huang T, Yang X, Jeong BR, Yang Q. Seleno-Amino Acids in Vegetables: A Review of Their Forms and Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:804368. [PMID: 35185982 PMCID: PMC8847180 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.804368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Seleno-amino acids are safe, health-promoting compounds for humans. Numerous studies have focused on the forms and metabolism of seleno-amino acids in vegetables. Based on research progress on seleno-amino acids, we provide insights into the production of selenium-enriched vegetables with high seleno-amino acids contents. To ensure safe and effective intake of selenium, several issues need to be addressed, including (1) how to improve the accumulation of seleno-amino acids and (2) how to control the total selenium and seleno-amino acids contents in vegetables. The combined use of plant factories with artificial lighting and multiple analytical technologies may help to resolve these issues. Moreover, we propose a Precise Control of Selenium Content production system, which has the potential to produce vegetables with specified amounts of selenium and high proportions of seleno-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Hu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Byoung Ryong Jeong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Department of Horticulture, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Qichang Yang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
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D’Amato R, Regni L, Falcinelli B, Mattioli S, Benincasa P, Dal Bosco A, Pacheco P, Proietti P, Troni E, Santi C, Businelli D. Current Knowledge on Selenium Biofortification to Improve the Nutraceutical Profile of Food: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:4075-4097. [PMID: 32181658 PMCID: PMC7997367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important micronutrient for living organisms, since it is involved in several physiological and metabolic processes. Se intake in humans is often low and very seldom excessive, and its bioavailability depends also on its chemical form, with organic Se as the most available after ingestion. The main dietary source of Se for humans is represented by plants, since many species are able to metabolize and accumulate organic Se in edible parts to be consumed directly (leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, and sprouts) or after processing (oil, wine, etc.). Countless studies have recently investigated the Se biofortification of plants to produce Se-enriched foods and elicit the production of secondary metabolites, which may benefit human health when incorporated into the diet. Moreover, feeding animals Se-rich diets may provide Se-enriched meat. This work reviews the most recent literature on the nutraceutical profile of Se-enriched foods from plant and animal sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto D’Amato
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Luca Regni
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Beatrice Falcinelli
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Paolo Benincasa
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dal Bosco
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Pablo Pacheco
- Instituto
de Química de San Luis, INQUISAL, Centro Científico-Tecnológico
de San Luis (CCT-San Luis), Consejo Nacional
de Investigaciones Científicas − Universidad Nacional
de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, Ciudad de San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Primo Proietti
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Troni
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Claudio Santi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Daniela Businelli
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
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Kołodziejski D, Koss-Mikołajczyk I, Abdin AY, Jacob C, Bartoszek A. Chemical Aspects of Biological Activity of Isothiocyanates and Indoles, the Products of Glucosinolate Decomposition. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1717-1728. [PMID: 31267852 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190701151644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that cancer chemoprevention employing natural, bioactive compounds may halt or at least slow down the different stages of carcinogenesis. A particularly advantageous effect is attributed to derivatives of sulfur-organic phytochemicals, such as glucosinolates (GLs) synthesized mainly in Brassicaceae plant family. GLs are hydrolysed enzymatically to bioactive isothiocyanates (ITC) and indoles, which exhibit strong anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activity. Highly bioavailable electrophilic ITC are of particular interest, as they can react with nucleophilic groups of important biomolecules to form dithiocarbamates, thiocarbamates and thioureas. These modifications seem responsible for the chemopreventive activity, but also for genotoxicity and mutagenicity. It was documented that ITC can permanently bind to important biomolecules such as glutathione, cytoskeleton proteins, transcription factors NF-κB and Nrf2, thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases, proteasome proteins or heat shock proteins. Furthermore, ITC may also affect epigenetic regulation of gene expression, e.g. by inhibition of histone deacetylases. Some other derivatives of glucosinolates, especially indoles, are able to form covalent bonds with nucleobases in DNA, which may result in genotoxicity and mutagenicity. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge about glucosinolates and their degradation products in terms of possible interactions with reactive groups of cellular molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Kołodziejski
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdarisk, Poland
| | - Izabela Koss-Mikołajczyk
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdarisk, Poland
| | - Ahmad Y Abdin
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Bartoszek
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdarisk, Poland
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Koss-Mikołajczyk I, Kusznierewicz B, Bartoszek A. The Relationship between Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Differently Pigmented Varieties of Berry Fruits; Comparison between Embedded in Food Matrix and Isolated Anthocyanins. Foods 2019; 8:E646. [PMID: 31817505 PMCID: PMC6963230 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to correlate the composition of phenolic compounds and bioactivities (antioxidant, cytotoxic, antigenotoxic, and influence on selected enzymatic activities) exhibited by extracts from differently pigmented raspberry (yellow and red), grape (white and red), mulberry (white and black), and currant (white, red, and black) varieties. It was presumed that phytocomplexes of the same species will be similar while differing significantly only by the content of anthocyanins in colored varieties, which will impact biological properties. Additionally, to compare food matrix embedded and isolated anthocyanins, the influence of purified solution, in concentrations matching the total concentration of anthocyanins in appropriate colored plant samples, on investigated biological activities was studied. The phenolic compound composition and antioxidant profiles showed that anthocyanin content was correlated only with antioxidant capacity of tested plant extracts. The other determined biological activities failed to reveal any simple relationship between chemopreventive potential and anthocyanin composition in fruits studied nor any similarity to biological properties of isolated cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. These observations indirectly support the food synergy concept, that points to interactions between different phytochemicals as a factor deciding about the final bioactivity of edible plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Agnieszka Bartoszek
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland (B.K.)
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Jia L, Wang T, Sun Y, Zhang M, Tian J, Chen H, Shen Z, Khan Abro H, Su N, Cui J. Protective Effect of Selenium-Enriched Red Radish Sprouts on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3027-3036. [PMID: 31529805 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Se (Selenium) treatment on nutritional quality in radish sprouts. The results showed that 15 µM sodium selenite significantly increased phenolics compounds, flavonoids compounds, anthocyanins, and some essential amino acid content, while improving the total antioxidant capacity of radish sprouts. Besides, the Se-enriched radish sprouts significantly alleviated the liver damage caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) in mice and improved the antioxidant capacity of the liver in mice, whereas the Se-enriched radish sprouts alleviated the inflammatory reaction and apoptosis caused by CCl4 . These results imply that Se-enriched radish sprouts have a positive impact on mice with CCl4 -induced liver injury, and that in future Se-enriched radish sprouts could be developed into an effective food and health care product for the liver injury prevention. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Because selenium is an essential trace element in the human body, selenium-enriched sprouts can help eliminate free radicals in the body, relieve aging, and selenium-deficient diseases. They are easy to grow and have low costs. Hence, selenium-enriched sprouts have a great potential of being widely consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Miaoran Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Jiyuan Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Hashmat Khan Abro
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Univ., Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
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Puccinelli M, Malorgio F, Rosellini I, Pezzarossa B. Production of selenium-biofortified microgreens from selenium-enriched seeds of basil. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5601-5605. [PMID: 31149731 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microgreens (i.e. tender immature greens) are a popular alternative to sprouts (i.e. germinating seeds) because of their higher content of vitamins, carotenoids and phenols, as well as their lower content of nitrates. Their nutritional value can be improved by biofortification, which increases micronutrient levels during plant growth. Because selenium (Se) plays a significant role in antioxidant defense, biofortification with Se is a good way of improving the nutritional quality of sprouts and microgreens. The present study investigated the production of Se-fortified microgreens from Se-enriched seeds of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). These microgreens could be used as new beneficial dietary supplements. RESULTS Basil plants were grown in a nutrient solution, containing 0 (control), 4 or 8 mg Se L-1 as sodium selenate, to full maturity. Seeds accumulated a high amount of Se and were then used to produce microgreens. The germination index was higher in the seeds from Se-treated plants and the microgreens were enriched in Se. The antioxidant capacity of Se-fortified microgreens was higher compared to the control. CONCLUSION The production of microgreens from Se-enriched seeds could comprise a good system for obtaining microgreens with a high nutritional value. Basil plants treated with Se could be used to produce both Se-fortified leaves and microgreens. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Puccinelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fernando Malorgio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center 'Nutraceuticals and Food for Health', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Irene Rosellini
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Pezzarossa
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
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Koss-Mikołajczyk I, Kusznierewicz B, Wiczkowski W, Płatosz N, Bartoszek A. Phytochemical composition and biological activities of differently pigmented cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) varieties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5499-5507. [PMID: 31099412 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassica plants contain a wide spectrum of bioactive components that are responsible for their health-promoting potential such as vitamins, polyphenols and glucosinolates. This study attempted to relate the composition of bioactive phytochemicals and chosen biological activities (antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-genotoxic, and influence on enzymatic activities) for extracts from differently pigmented cabbage (white and red) and cauliflower (white and purple) varieties. The assumption was that tested varieties of the same plant would exhibit similar chemical composition differing mostly in anthocyanin content and that the latter will be reflected in biological activity. RESULTS Profiles of antioxidants obtained using post-column derivatization with ABTS radical confirmed, that the content and composition of anthocyanins is strongly correlated with the antioxidant capacity of tested plant extracts measured by spectrophotometric methods (ABTS, FC, DPPH, FRAP), and Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) test. The results of determinations of other biological activities showed that opposite to purified bioactive phytochemicals, in the case of actual plant foods, there was no simple relationship between anthocyanin content and chemopreventive potential. CONCLUSION Obtained results suggest that there must be some kind of interaction between different phytochemicals, which decides on the final health promoting activity of edible plants as suggested by for example the food synergy concept. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Koss-Mikołajczyk
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Natalia Płatosz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bartoszek
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
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Koss-Mikołajczyk I, Kusznierewicz B, Wiczkowski W, Sawicki T, Bartoszek A. The comparison of betalain composition and chosen biological activities for differently pigmented prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris) varieties. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:442-452. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1529148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Koss-Mikołajczyk
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sawicki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bartoszek
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
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Relationship between conversion rate of glucosinolates to isothiocyanates/indoles and genotoxicity of individual parts of Brassica vegetables. Eur Food Res Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-018-3170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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D'Amato R, Fontanella MC, Falcinelli B, Beone GM, Bravi E, Marconi O, Benincasa P, Businelli D. Selenium Biofortification in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Sprouting: Effects on Se Yield and Nutritional Traits with Focus on Phenolic Acid Profile. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:4082-4090. [PMID: 29619819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The contents of total Se and of inorganic and organic Se species, as well as the contents of proteins, chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phenolic acids, were measured in 10-day old sprouts of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) obtained with increasing levels (15, 45, 135, and 405 mg Se L-1) of sodium selenite and sodium selenate and with distilled water as control. Increasing Se levels increased organic and inorganic Se contents of sprouts, as well as the content of phenolic acids, especially in their soluble conjugated forms. Moderate levels of sodium selenite (i.e., not higher that 45 mg L-1) appeared the best compromise to obtain high Se and phenolic acid yields together with high proportion of organic Se while limiting residual Se in the germination substrate waste. Se biofortification of rice sprouts appears a feasible and efficient way to promote Se and phenolic acid intake in human diet, with well-known health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto D'Amato
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Fontanella
- Department for Sustainable Food Process , Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Piacenza , 29100 Piacenza , Italy
| | - Beatrice Falcinelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Gian Maria Beone
- Department for Sustainable Food Process , Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Piacenza , 29100 Piacenza , Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bravi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Ombretta Marconi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Paolo Benincasa
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Daniela Businelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
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Kim SY, Park JE, Kim EO, Lim SJ, Nam EJ, Yun JH, Yoo G, Oh SR, Kim HS, Nho CW. Exposure of kale root to NaCl and Na 2SeO 3 increases isothiocyanate levels and Nrf2 signalling without reducing plant root growth. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3999. [PMID: 29507323 PMCID: PMC5838157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A plant factory is a closed cultivation system that provides a consistent and modified environment for plant growth. We speculated that treatment of kale (Brassica oleracea) grown in a plant factory with NaCl, Na2SeO3, or both would increase the bioactive phytochemical levels including glucosinolates (GLSs) and isothiocyanates (ITCs), the key molecules in cancer prevention. The kale was harvested and analysed after treatment with NaCl and Na2SeO3 alone or in combination for 1 or 2 weeks. Exposure to NaCl alone but not Na2SeO3 increased plant root growth. Levels of sinigrin were increased by a 2-week exposure to Na2SeO3 alone or in combination with NaCl, whereas no changes were observed in glucoraphanin and gluconasturtiin gluconasturtiin levels. Importantly, the ITC concentration was affected by 2-week treatment with both compounds. To evaluate the bioactivity of kale, HepG2 human hepatoma cells were treated with plant extract for 6 h. Only the extract of kale roots exposed to a combination NaCl and Na2SeO3 for 2 weeks showed an increased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), which regulates genes encoding antioxidant proteins. These data suggest that co-treatment with NaCl and Na2SeO3 increased the ITC content and chemopreventive effects of kale root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - Jai-Eok Park
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - Eun Ok Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - Sue Ji Lim
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - Eui Jeong Nam
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - Ji Ho Yun
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - GyHye Yoo
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - Sang-Rok Oh
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - Hyoung Seok Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Farm Solution, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Korea.
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15
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Shahid M, Niazi NK, Khalid S, Murtaza B, Bibi I, Rashid MI. A critical review of selenium biogeochemical behavior in soil-plant system with an inference to human health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:915-934. [PMID: 29253832 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals, although controversial for different plant species. There exists a narrow line between essential, beneficial and toxic levels of Se to living organisms which greatly varies with Se speciation, as well as the type of living organisms. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor its solid- and solution-phase speciation, exposure levels and pathways to living organisms. Consumption of Se-laced food (cereals, vegetables, legumes and pulses) is the prime source of Se exposure to humans. Thus, it is imperative to assess the biogeochemical behavior of Se in soil-plant system with respect to applied levels and speciation, which ultimately affect Se status in humans. Based on available relevant literature, this review traces a plausible link among (i) Se levels, sources, speciation, bioavailability, and effect of soil chemical properties on selenium bioavailability/speciation in soil; (ii) role of different protein transporters in soil-root-shoot transfer of Se; and (iii) speciation, metabolism, phytotoxicity and detoxification of Se inside plants. The toxic and beneficial effects of Se to plants have been discussed with respect to speciation and toxic/deficient concentration of Se. We highlight the significance of various enzymatic (catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (phytochelatins and glutathione) antioxidants which help combat Se-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The review also delineates Se accumulation in edible plant parts from soils containing low or high Se levels; elucidates associated health disorders or risks due to the consumption of Se-deficient or Se-rich foods; discusses the potential role of Se in different human disorders/diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, D-28359, Germany; Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, NSW, Australia
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan; Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Bell L, Wagstaff C. Enhancement Of Glucosinolate and Isothiocyanate Profiles in Brassicaceae Crops: Addressing Challenges in Breeding for Cultivation, Storage, and Consumer-Related Traits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9379-9403. [PMID: 28968493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) and isothiocyanates (ITCs) produced by Brassicaceae plants are popular targets for analysis due to the health benefits associated with them. Breeders aim to increase the concentrations in commercial varieties; however, there are few examples of this. The most well-known is Beneforté broccoli, which has increased glucoraphanin/sulforaphane concentrations compared to those of conventional varieties. It was developed through traditional breeding methods with considerations for processing, consumption, and health made throughout this process. Many studies presented in the literature do not take a holistic approach, and key points about breeding, cultivation methods, postharvest storage, sensory attributes, and consumer preferences are not properly taken into account. In this review, we draw together data for multiple species and address how such factors can influence GSL profiles. We encourage researchers and institutions to engage with industry and consumers to produce research that can be utilized in the improvement of Brassicaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Bell
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading , Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Wagstaff
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading , Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
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17
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Mahn A. Modelling of the effect of selenium fertilization on the content of bioactive compounds in broccoli heads. Food Chem 2017; 233:492-499. [PMID: 28530603 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) exerts many effects beneficial to health. Broccoli is a Se-hyperaccumulator plant, with Se-fertilization increasing its potential as a functional food. We studied the effect of dose, and the developmental stage at the beginning of Se-fortification, on antioxidant capacity, phenolics, glucosinolates, sulphoraphane, Se-methyl selenocysteine and myrosinase in broccoli. Se-fortification decreased the antioxidant properties and sulphur-containing compounds, but increased Se-methyl-selenocysteine content. Regression models gave r>0.77 confirming that Se dose and developmental stage largely determine the behaviour of the system. Correlation models gave r>0.95, allowing estimation of saturation concentration of Se-methyl-selenocysteine in broccoli cv. Traditional (3.13µmolg-1DM) and the concentration (2-mmol sodium selenate) above which the content of phenolic compounds decreases significantly. Sulphoraphane and glucosinolates' dependence on total Se supply was consistent with myrosinase activity below 3.5-mmol sodium selenate. Our results would enable design of optimal fertilization strategies to enrich broccoli in Se with minimal impairment of antioxidants properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mahn
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago 9170019, Chile.
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18
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Possenti M, Baima S, Raffo A, Durazzo A, Giusti AM, Natella F. Glucosinolates in Food. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-25462-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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19
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Kupke F, Herz C, Hanschen FS, Platz S, Odongo GA, Helmig S, Bartolomé Rodríguez MM, Schreiner M, Rohn S, Lamy E. Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of food-borne nitriles in a liver in vitro model. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37631. [PMID: 27883018 PMCID: PMC5121622 DOI: 10.1038/srep37631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Isothiocyanates are the most intensively studied breakdown products of glucosinolates from Brassica plants and well recognized for their pleiotropic effects against cancer but also for their genotoxic potential. However, knowledge about the bioactivity of glucosinolate-borne nitriles in foods is very poor. As determined by GC-MS, broccoli glucosinolates mainly degrade to nitriles as breakdown products. The cytotoxicity of nitriles in human HepG2 cells and primary murine hepatocytes was marginal as compared to isothiocyanates. Toxicity of nitriles was not enhanced in CYP2E1-overexpressing HepG2 cells. In contrast, the genotoxic potential of nitriles was found to be comparable to isothiocyanates. DNA damage was persistent over a certain time period and CYP2E1-overexpression further increased the genotoxic potential of the nitriles. Based on actual in vitro data, no indications are given that food-borne nitriles could be relevant for cancer prevention, but could pose a certain genotoxic risk under conditions relevant for food consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Kupke
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- University of Freiburg–Medical Center, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska S. Hanschen
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e.V., Department of Plant Quality, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Stefanie Platz
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Grace A. Odongo
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg–Medical Center, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simone Helmig
- Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational and Social Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Aulweg 129, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - María M. Bartolomé Rodríguez
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Molecular Biology, University of Freiburg–Medical Center, Hugstetter-Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg i.Br., Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e.V., Department of Plant Quality, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- University of Freiburg–Medical Center, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Pilipczuk T, Kusznierewicz B, Chmiel T, Przychodzeń W, Bartoszek A. Simultaneous determination of individual isothiocyanates in plant samples by HPLC-DAD-MS following SPE and derivatization with N-acetyl-l-cysteine. Food Chem 2016; 214:587-596. [PMID: 27507514 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The procedure for the isothiocyanates (ITCs) determination that involves derivatization with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and separation by HPLC was developed. Prior to derivatization, plant ITCs were isolated and purified using solid-phase extraction (SPE). The optimum conditions of derivatization are: 500μL of isopropanolic eluate obtained by SPE combined with 500μL of derivatizing reagent (0.2M NAC and 0.2M NaHCO3 in water) and reaction time of 1h at 50°C. The formed dithiocarbamates are directly analyzed by HPLC coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometer if required. The method was validated for nine common natural ITCs. Calibration curves were linear (R(2)⩾0.991) within a wide range of concentrations and limits of detection were below 4.9nmol/mL. The recoveries were in the range of 83.3-103.7%, with relative standard deviations <5.4%. The developed method has been successfully applied to determine ITCs in broccoli, white cabbage, garden cress, radish, horseradish and papaya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Pilipczuk
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Chmiel
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Witold Przychodzeń
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bartoszek
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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21
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Effect of cooking on the contents of glucosinolates and their degradation products in selected Brassica vegetables. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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22
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Gonda S, Kiss-Szikszai A, Szűcs Z, Nguyen NM, Vasas G. Myrosinase Compatible Simultaneous Determination of Glucosinolates and Allyl Isothiocyanate by Capillary Electrophoresis Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography (CE-MEKC). PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2016; 27:191-8. [PMID: 27313156 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The functional food Cruciferous vegetables contain glucosinolates which are decomposed by the myrosinase enzyme upon tissue damage. The isothiocyanates are the most frequent decomposition products. Because of their various bioactivities, these compounds and the myrosinase is of high interest to many scientific fields. OBJECTIVE Development of a capillary electrophoresis method capable of myrosinase-compatible, simultaneous quantification of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. METHODS Capillary electrochromatography parameters were optimised, followed by optimisation of a myrosinase-compatible derivatisation procedure for isothiocyanates. Vegetable extracts (Brussels sprouts, horseradish, radish and watercress) were tested for myrosinase activity, glucosinolate content and isothiocyanate conversion rate. Allyl isothiocyanate was quantified in some food products. RESULTS The method allows quantification of sinigrin, gluonasturtiin and allyl isothiocyanate after myrosinase compatible derivatisation in-vial by mercaptoacetic acid. The chromatograhpic separation takes 2.5 min (short-end injection) or 15 min (long-end injection). For the tested vegetables, measured myrosinase activity was between 0.960-27.694 and 0.461-26.322 µmol/min/mg protein, glucosinolate content was between 0-2291.8 and 0-248.5 µg/g fresh weight for sinigrin and gluconastrutiin, respectively. The possible specificity of plants to different glucosinolates was also shown. Allyl isothiocyanate release rate was different in different vegetables (73.13 - 102.13%). The method could also be used for quantification of allyl isothiocyanate from food products. CONCLUSIONS The presented capillary electrophoresis method requires a minimal amount of sample and contains only a few sample preparation steps, and can be used in several applications (glucosinolate determination, myrosinase activity measurement, isothiocyanate release estimation). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Gonda
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4010, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Kiss-Szikszai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Division of Instrumental Analysis, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4010, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szűcs
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4010, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nhat Minh Nguyen
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4010, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Vasas
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4010, Debrecen, Hungary
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23
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Kapusta-Duch J, Kusznierewicz B, Leszczyńska T, Borczak B. Effect of Culinary Treatment on Changes in the Contents of Selected Nutrients and Non-Nutrients in Curly Kale (Brassica oleraceaVar.acephala). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kapusta-Duch
- Department of Human Nutrition; Agricultural University of Cracow; Cracow Poland
| | - Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Department of Food Chemistry; Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Teresa Leszczyńska
- Department of Human Nutrition; Agricultural University of Cracow; Cracow Poland
| | - Barbara Borczak
- Department of Human Nutrition; Agricultural University of Cracow; Cracow Poland
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24
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Hanschen FS, Herz C, Schlotz N, Kupke F, Bartolomé Rodríguez MM, Schreiner M, Rohn S, Lamy E. The Brassica epithionitrile 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane triggers cell death in human liver cancer cells in vitro. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:2178-89. [PMID: 26251050 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Glucosinolates are secondary metabolites present in Brassica vegetables. Alkenyl glucosinolates are enzymatically degraded forming nitriles or isothiocyanates, but in the presence of epithiospecifier protein, epithionitriles are released. However, studies on the occurrence of epithionitriles in Brassica food and knowledge about their biological effects are scarce. METHODS AND RESULTS Epithionitrile formation from glucosinolates of seven Brassica vegetables was analyzed using GC-MS and HPLC-DAD. Bioactivity of synthetic and plant-derived 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane (CETP) - the predominant epithionitrile in Brassica vegetables - in three human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and primary murine hepatocytes was also evaluated. The majority of the Brassica vegetables were producers of nitriles or epithionitriles as hydrolysis products and not of isothiocyanates. For example, Brussels sprouts and savoy cabbage contained up to 0.8 μmol CETP/g vegetable. Using formazan dye assays, concentrations of 380-1500 nM CETP were observed to inhibit the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity of human HCC cells without impairment of cell growth. At 100-fold higher CETP concentrations, cell death was observed. Presence of plant matrix increased CETP-based toxicity. CONCLUSION These in vitro data provide no indication that epithionitriles will severely affect human health by Brassica consumption. In contrast to isothiocyanates, no evidence of selective toxicity against HCC cells was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska S Hanschen
- Department of Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren and Erfurt e.V, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany
| | - Nina Schlotz
- Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany
| | - Franziska Kupke
- Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany.,Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - María M Bartolomé Rodríguez
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Molecular Biology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Department of Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren and Erfurt e.V, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany
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25
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Witzel K, Hanschen FS, Klopsch R, Ruppel S, Schreiner M, Grosch R. Verticillium longisporum infection induces organ-specific glucosinolate degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:508. [PMID: 26217360 PMCID: PMC4498036 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The species Verticillium represents a group of highly destructive fungal pathogens, responsible for vascular wilt in a number of crops. The host response to infection by Verticillium longisporum at the level of secondary plant metabolites has not been well explored. Natural variation in the glucosinolate (GLS) composition of four Arabidopsis thaliana accessions was characterized: the accessions Bur-0 and Hi-0 accumulated alkenyl GLS, while 3-hydroxypropyl GLS predominated in Kn-0 and Ler-0. With respect to GLS degradation products, Hi-0 and Kn-0 generated mainly isothiocyanates, whereas Bur-0 released epithionitriles and Ler-0 nitriles. An analysis of the effect on the composition of both GLS and its breakdown products in the leaf and root following the plants' exposure to V. longisporum revealed a number of organ- and accession-specific alterations. In the less disease susceptible accessions Bur-0 and Ler-0, colonization depressed the accumulation of GLS in the rosette leaves but accentuated it in the roots. In contrast, in the root, the level of GLS breakdown products in three of the four accessions fell, suggestive of their conjugation or binding to a fungal target molecule(s). The plant-pathogen interaction influenced both the organ- and accession-specific formation of GLS degradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Witzel
- *Correspondence: Katja Witzel, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany,
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26
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Tian M, Xu X, Liu Y, Xie L, Pan S. Effect of Se treatment on glucosinolate metabolism and health-promoting compounds in the broccoli sprouts of three cultivars. Food Chem 2015. [PMID: 26212985 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Broccoli sprouts are natural functional foods for cancer prevention because of their high glucosinolate (GSL) content and high selenium (Se) accumulation capacity. The regulation mechanism of Se on GSL metabolism in broccoli sprouts was explored. In particular, the effects of Se treatment (100 μmol/L selenite and selenate) on the Se, sulfur (S), glucosinolate and sulforaphane contents; myrosinase activity and health-promoting compounds (ascorbic acid, anthocyanin, total phenolics and flavonoids) of three, 5 day old, cultivars were investigated. The treatment did not influence the total GSL and ascorbic acid contents; significantly increased the myrosinase activity and sulforaphane, anthocyanin and flavonoids contents; and decreased the total phenolics content. The increase in sulforaphane during early growth can be primarily attributed to the increased myrosinase activity caused by Se treatment. Broccoli sprouts with suitable selenite and selenate concentrations, in the early growth days, could be desirable for improved human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lin Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Siyi Pan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Gründemann C, Garcia-Käufer M, Lamy E, Hanschen FS, Huber R. 4-Methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate (Erucin) from rocket plant dichotomously affects the activity of human immunocompetent cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:369-378. [PMID: 25837274 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Isothiocyanates (ITC) from the Brassicaceae plant family are regarded as promising for prevention and treatment of cancer. However, experimental settings consider their therapeutic action without taking into account the risk of unwanted effects on healthy tissues. In the present study we investigated the effects of Eruca sativa seed extract containing MTBITC (Erucin) and pure Erucin from rocket plant on healthy cells of the human immune system in vitro. Hereby, high doses of the plant extract as well as of Erucin inhibited cell viability of human lymphocytes via induction of apoptosis to comparable amounts. Non-toxic low concentrations of the plant extract and pure Erucin altered the expression of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor but did not affect further T cell activation, proliferation and the release of the effector molecules interferon (IFN)-gamma and IL-2 of T-lymphocytes. However, the activity of NK-cells was significantly reduced by non-toxic concentrations of the plant extract and pure Erucin. These results indicate that the plant extract and pure Erucin interfere with the function of human T lymphocytes and decreases the activity of NK-cells in comparable concentrations. Long-term clinical studies with ITC-enriched plant extracts from Brassicaceae should take this into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Gründemann
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, University Medical Center Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115B, 79111 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Manuel Garcia-Käufer
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, University Medical Center Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115B, 79111 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine Unit, Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, University Medical Center Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115B, 79111 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska S Hanschen
- Department of Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren and Erfurt e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Roman Huber
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, University Medical Center Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115B, 79111 Freiburg, Germany
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