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Lu DD, Yuan L, Wang ZZ, Zhao JJ, Du YH, Ning N, Chen GQ, Huang SC, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Nan Y. To explore the mechanism of Yigong San anti-gastric cancer and immune regulation. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1965-1994. [PMID: 38764819 PMCID: PMC11099436 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yigong San (YGS) is a representative prescription for the treatment of digestive disorders, which has been used in clinic for more than 1000 years. However, the mechanism of its anti-gastric cancer and regulate immunity are still remains unclear. AIM To explore the mechanism of YGS anti-gastric cancer and immune regulation. METHODS Firstly, collect the active ingredients and targets of YGS, and the differentially expressed genes of gastric cancer. Secondly, constructed a protein-protein interaction network between the targets of drugs and diseases, and screened hub genes. Then the clinical relevance, mutation and repair, tumor microenvironment and drug sensitivity of the hub gene were analyzed. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the binding ability of YGS active ingredient and hub genes. RESULTS Firstly, obtained 55 common targets of gastric cancer and YGS. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes screened the microtubule-associated protein kinase signaling axis as the key pathway and IL6, EGFR, MMP2, MMP9 and TGFB1 as the hub genes. The 5 hub genes were involved in gastric carcinogenesis, staging, typing and prognosis, and their mutations promote gastric cancer progression. Finally, molecular docking results confirmed that the components of YGS can effectively bind to therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION YGS has the effect of anti-gastric cancer and immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dou-Dou Lu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhao-Zhao Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Hua Du
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guo-Qing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shi-Cong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medical Gastrointestinal, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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Shi M, Wei Y, Guo R, Luo F. Integrated Analysis Identified TGFBI as a Biomarker of Disease Severity and Prognosis Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Patients with Sepsis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2285-2298. [PMID: 38645878 PMCID: PMC11027929 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s456132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. This study aims to identify markers associated with the severity and prognosis of sepsis, providing new approaches for its management and treatment. Methods Data were mined from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and were analyzed by multiple statistical methods like the Spearman correlation coefficient, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression analysis, and functional enrichment analysis. Candidate indicator' associations with immune infiltration and roles in sepsis development were evaluated. Additionally, we employed techniques such as flow cytometry and neutral red staining to evaluate its impact on macrophage functions like polarization and phagocytosis. Results Twenty-eight genes were identified as being closely linked to the severity of sepsis, among which transforming growth factor beta induced (TGFBI) emerged as a distinct marker for predicting clinical outcomes. Notably, reductions in TGFBI expression during sepsis correlate with poor prognosis and rapid disease progression. Elevated expression of TGFBI has been observed to mitigate abnormalities in sepsis-related immune cell infiltration that are critical to the pathogenesis and prognosis of the disease, including but not limited to type 17 T helper cells and activated CD8 T cells. Moreover, the protein-protein interaction network revealed the top ten genes that interact with TGFBI, showing significant involvement in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix-receptor interactions, and phagosomes. These are pivotal elements in the formation of phagocytic cups by macrophages, squaring the findings of the Human Protein Atlas. Additionally, we discovered that TGFBI expression was significantly higher in M2-like macrophages, and its upregulation was found to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced polarization and phagocytosis in M1-like macrophages, thereby playing a role in preventing the onset of inflammation. Conclusion TGFBI warrants additional exploration as a promising biomarker for assessing illness severity and prognosis in patients with sepsis, considering its significant association with immunological and inflammatory responses in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Wei
- Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runmin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, People’s Republic of China
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Kim D, Jeong JY, Han MH, Chae J, Park I, Yoon J, Kyung H, Kim HJ, Jeong W. Periostin is a novel histological biomarker for the diagnosis of chondroid tumor. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:434-444. [PMID: 35116273 PMCID: PMC8798228 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The chondroid tumor is generally classified into three types, enchondroma, low-grade chondrosarcoma, and high-grade chondrosarcoma. A histological evaluation of a biopsy sample is the best predictor of the clinical course in most patients with carcinomas or sarcomas. Sometimes serological or molecular markers are used as prediction markers, but there has been no reliable marker for chondroid tumor diagnosis. Clinical and radiological, but not histological features, are still used in the diagnosis and staging of chondroid tumors. During a histopathological diagnosis, it has been difficult to distinguish between benign enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma. To allow for more accurate treatments, new histological biomarkers for the differential diagnosis are needed. Methods Twenty-eight cases of enchondromas and thirty-three cases of low-grade chondrosarcoma were selected. Thirteen cases of non-tumorous cartilage were used for the control group, who underwent artificial joint surgery for degenerative arthritis. Surgically removed tissue specimens were formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) stains were performed. Results Periostin was expressed in chondroid tumors but not in the normal cartilage. Periostin was observed via immunostaining in the cytoplasm but not in the extracellular matrix of enchondroma tissue, and was observed in the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix of low-grade chondrosarcoma. The sensitivity and specificity of these stains were 93.9% and 96.4%, respectively. Conclusions Based on these results, we suggest that periostin could be used as a novel prognostic marker to distinguish between enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dough Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ji Yun Jeong
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Man-Hoon Han
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jongmin Chae
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ilhyung Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jongphil Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Heesoo Kyung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ha-Jeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Wonju Jeong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
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Cabalak M, Doğan S, Bal T, Dikmen N. Serum periostin levels in COVID-19: Is it useful as a new biomarker? Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14728. [PMID: 34396648 PMCID: PMC8420097 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Severe disease characterised by interstitial pneumonia may develop in some cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Periostin has been associated with many respiratory diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether periostin could be a useful new biomarker in the follow-up and severity assessment of the disease in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS In the study, 32 patients followed up during May to July 2020 because of COVID-19 and 24 healthy controls were included. The patients were divided into two groups, namely, mild/moderate and severe, according to the severity of the disease. Serum periostin and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) levels were tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method using commercially available ELISA kits. RESULTS It was observed that the periostin level was significantly higher in both mild/moderate cases and severe cases compared with the control group at first presentation. However, TGF-β levels at first presentation were similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The current manuscript may be the first one performing periostin ELISA on COVID serum, and we believe that periostin can be used as a new biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Cabalak
- Department of Infection Disease and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineHatay Mustafa Kemal UniversityHatayTurkey
| | - Serdar Doğan
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineHatay Mustafa Kemal UniversityHatayTurkey
| | - Tayibe Bal
- Department of Infection Disease and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineHatay Mustafa Kemal UniversityHatayTurkey
| | - Nursel Dikmen
- Department of Chest DiseaseFaculty of MedicineHatay Mustafa Kemal UniversityHatayTurkey
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Nikoloudaki G. Functions of Matricellular Proteins in Dental Tissues and Their Emerging Roles in Orofacial Tissue Development, Maintenance, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126626. [PMID: 34205668 PMCID: PMC8235165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins (MCPs) are defined as extracellular matrix (ECM) associated proteins that are important regulators and integrators of microenvironmental signals, contributing to the dynamic nature of ECM signalling. There is a growing understanding of the role of matricellular proteins in cellular processes governing tissue development as well as in disease pathogenesis. In this review, the expression and functions of different MP family members (periostin, CCNs, TSPs, SIBLINGs and others) are presented, specifically in relation to craniofacial development and the maintenance of orofacial tissues, including bone, gingiva, oral mucosa, palate and the dental pulp. As will be discussed, each MP family member has been shown to have non-redundant roles in development, tissue homeostasis, wound healing, pathology and tumorigenesis of orofacial and dental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Nikoloudaki
- Schulich Dentistry Department, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; ; Tel.: +1-519-661-2111 (ext. 81102)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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Seifert GJ. The FLA4-FEI Pathway: A Unique and Mysterious Signaling Module Related to Cell Wall Structure and Stress Signaling. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020145. [PMID: 33499195 PMCID: PMC7912651 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell wall integrity control in plants involves multiple signaling modules that are mostly defined by genetic interactions. The putative co-receptors FEI1 and FEI2 and the extracellular glycoprotein FLA4 present the core components of a signaling pathway that acts in response to environmental conditions and insults to cell wall structure to modulate the balance of various growth regulators and, ultimately, to regulate the performance of the primary cell wall. Although the previously established genetic interactions are presently not matched by intermolecular binding studies, numerous receptor-like molecules that were identified in genome-wide interaction studies potentially contribute to the signaling machinery around the FLA4-FEI core. Apart from its function throughout the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana for the homeostasis of growth and stress responses, the FLA4-FEI pathway might support important agronomic traits in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg J Seifert
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology and Cell biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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Liu E, MacMillan CP, Shafee T, Ma Y, Ratcliffe J, van de Meene A, Bacic A, Humphries J, Johnson KL. Fasciclin-Like Arabinogalactan-Protein 16 (FLA16) Is Required for Stem Development in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:615392. [PMID: 33362841 PMCID: PMC7758453 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.615392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The predominant Fascilin 1 (FAS1)-containing proteins in plants belong to the Fasciclin-Like Arabinogalactan-protein (FLA) family of extracellular glycoproteins. In addition to FAS1 domains, these multi-domain FLA proteins contain glycomotif regions predicted to direct addition of large arabinogalactan (AG) glycans and many contain signal sequences for addition of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor to tether them to the plasma membrane. FLAs are proposed to play both structural and signaling functions by forming a range of interactions in the plant extracellular matrix, similar to FAS1-containing proteins in animals. FLA group B members contain two FAS1 domains and are not predicted to be GPI-anchored. None of the group B members have been functionally characterized or their sub-cellular location resolved, limiting understanding of their function. We investigated the group B FLA16 in Arabidopsis that is predominantly expressed in inflorescence tissues. FLA16 is the most highly expressed FLA in the stem after Group A members FLA11 and FLA12 that are stem specific. A FLA16-YFP fusion protein driven by the endogenous putative FLA16 promoter in wild type background showed expression in cells with secondary cell walls, and FLA16 displayed characteristics of cell wall glycoproteins with moderate glycosylation. Investigation of a fla16 mutant showed loss of FLA16 leads to reduced stem length and altered biomechanical properties, likely as a result of reduced levels of cellulose. Immuno-labeling indicated support for FLA16 location to the plasma-membrane and (apoplastic) cell wall of interfascicular stem fiber cells. Together these results indicate FLA16, a two-FAS1 domain FLAs, plays a role in plant secondary cell wall synthesis and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Liu
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Colleen P. MacMillan
- CSIRO, Agriculture and Food, CSIRO Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Thomas Shafee
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Yingxuan Ma
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Julian Ratcliffe
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Antony Bacic
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - John Humphries
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Kim L. Johnson
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
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Cattrini C, Barboro P, Rubagotti A, Zinoli L, Zanardi E, Capaia M, Boccardo F. Integrative Analysis of Periostin in Primary and Advanced Prostate Cancer. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100789. [PMID: 32416542 PMCID: PMC7248449 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Periostin (POSTN) is an extracellular matrix protein associated with tumor progression and shorter survival in prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we performed an integrative analysis of POSTN's role in patients with PCa. Clinical and POSTN data from large-scale datasets were analyzed. POSTN cutoffs were identified with X-Tile, and STRING was used for protein-protein interaction analysis. In a cohort of 48 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), we used the AdnaTest platform to isolate circulating tumor cells and extract POSTN mRNA. Plasma samples were also tested for POSTN protein expression by dot blot assay. Data from large-scale datasets did not reveal any association between POSTN genetic alterations and outcome. In primary tumors, we found a significant correlation between POSTN mRNA overexpression, worse baseline prognostic features, and shorter disease-free survival. POSTN was overexpressed in mCRPC and correlated with aggressive features. In our cohort of mCRPC patients, we found a positive correlation between POSTN plasma levels and androgen-receptor variant 7 positivity and an association with shorter overall survival. Our integrative analysis shows that POSTN is associated with poor clinical features and worse outcome in patients with PCa. Further studies are warranted to uncover the function of POSTN in PCa progression and to validate the prognostic significance of POSTN in mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cattrini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Prostate Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Paola Barboro
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rubagotti
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Linda Zinoli
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Zanardi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Capaia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Boccardo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
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Wu BM, Liu JD, Li YH, Li J. Margatoxin mitigates CCl4‑induced hepatic fibrosis in mice via macrophage polarization, cytokine secretion and STAT signaling. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:103-114. [PMID: 31746414 PMCID: PMC6889929 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of macrophage phenotypes have been previously identified as crucial regulators in the progression of hepatic fibrosis (HF). Cytokines from macrophages or Kupffer cells (KCs) have also been identified to be important regulators in HF. Blocking Kv1.3 in models of HF, regulating macrophage polarization and cytokine secretion have not yet been assessed as potential treatments options for this condition. In the current study, a model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced HF was established and examined the effects of margatoxin (MgTX; an inhibitor of Kv1.3) on HF. Hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to determine whether MgTX can alleviate liver fibrosis. To elucidate the mechanisms through which MgTX attenuates liver injury, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were used to detect polarized macrophage markers in RAW264.7 cells and cytokines were examined using ELISA. Furthermore, macrophage polarization signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling, which is associated with macrophage polarization, was identified in RAW264.7 cells. The results revealed that MgTX protected the mice from CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Furthermore, MgTX decreased the expression of M1 phenotype biomarkers, and increased the expression of M2 phenotype biomarkers in CCl4-induced HF. Additionally, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was decreased and interleukin-10 production was increased in the serum of mice with HF injected with MgTX. Furthermore, MgTX was found to regulate the expression of M1 markers by suppressing p-STAT1 activity and increasing the expression of M2 markers by promoting p-STAT6 activity. On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that MgTX is able to alleviate CCl4-induced HF in mice, possibly via macrophage polarization, cytokine secretion and STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Ming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Hai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Abstract
Stem cells are a rare subpopulation defined by the potential to self-renew and differentiate into specific cell types. A population of stem-like cells has been reported to possess the ability of self-renewal, invasion, metastasis, and engraftment of distant tissues. This unique cell subpopulation has been designated as cancer stem cells (CSC). CSC were first identified in leukemia, and the contributions of CSC to cancer progression have been reported in many different types of cancers. The cancer stem cell hypothesis attempts to explain tumor cell heterogeneity based on the existence of stem cell-like cells within solid tumors. The elimination of CSC is challenging for most human cancer types due to their heightened genetic instability and increased drug resistance. To combat these inherent abilities of CSC, multi-pronged strategies aimed at multiple aspects of CSC biology are increasingly being recognized as essential for a cure. One of the most challenging aspects of cancer biology is overcoming the chemotherapeutic resistance in CSC. Here, we provide an overview of autotaxin (ATX), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and their signaling pathways in CSC. Increasing evidence supports the role of ATX and LPA in cancer progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Several studies have demonstrated the ATX-LPA axis signaling in different cancers. This lipid mediator regulatory system is a novel potential therapeutic target in CSC. In this review, we summarize the evidence linking ATX-LPA signaling to CSC and its impact on cancer progression and metastasis. We also provide evidence for the efficacy of cancer therapy involving the pharmacological inhibition of this signaling pathway.
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Kii I. Periostin Functions as a Scaffold for Assembly of Extracellular Proteins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1132:23-32. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6657-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Barretto KT, Swanson CM, Nguyen CL, Annis DS, Esnault SJ, Mosher DF, Johansson MW. Control of cytokine-driven eosinophil migratory behavior by TGF-beta-induced protein (TGFBI) and periostin. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201320. [PMID: 30048528 PMCID: PMC6062114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periostin, which is induced by interleukin (IL)-13, is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that supports αMβ2 integrin-mediated adhesion and migration of IL-5-stimulated eosinophils. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-induced protein (TGFBI) is a widely expressed periostin paralog known to support monocyte adhesion. Our objective was to compare eosinophil adhesion and migration on TGFBI and periostin in the presence of IL-5-family cytokines. Eosinophil adhesion after 1 h and random motility over 20 h in the presence of various concentrations of IL-5, IL-3, or granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were quantified in wells coated with various concentrations of TGFBI or periostin. Results were compared to video microscopy of eosinophils. Cytokine-stimulated eosinophils adhered equivalently well to TGFBI or periostin in a coating concentration-dependent manner. Adhesion was blocked by anti-αMβ2 and stimulated at the lowest concentration by GM-CSF. In the motility assay, periostin was more potent than TGFBI, the coating-concentration effect was bimodal, and IL-3 was the most potent cytokine. Video microscopy revealed that under the optimal coating condition of 5 μg/ml periostin, most eosinophils migrated persistently and were polarized and acorn-shaped with a ruffling forward edge and granules gathered together, in front of the nucleus. On 10 μg/ml periostin or TGFBI, more eosinophils adopted a flattened pancake morphology with dispersed granules and nuclear lobes, and slower migration. Conversion between acorn and pancake morphologies were observed. We conclude that TGFBI or periostin supports two modes of migration by IL-5 family cytokine-activated eosinophils. The rapid mode is favored by intermediate protein coatings and the slower by higher coating concentrations. We speculate that eosinophils move by haptotaxis up a gradient of adhesive ECM protein and then slow down to surveil the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina T. Barretto
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Calvin M. Swanson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Christopher L. Nguyen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Douglas S. Annis
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Stephane J. Esnault
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Deane F. Mosher
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mats W. Johansson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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13
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Kumar P, Smith T, Raeman R, Chopyk DM, Brink H, Liu Y, Sulchek T, Anania FA. Periostin promotes liver fibrogenesis by activating lysyl oxidase in hepatic stellate cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:12781-12792. [PMID: 29941453 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis arises from dysregulated wound healing due to persistent inflammatory hepatic injury. Periostin is a nonstructural extracellular matrix protein that promotes organ fibrosis in adults. Here, we sought to identify the molecular mechanisms in periostin-mediated hepatic fibrosis. Hepatic fibrosis in periostin-/- mice was attenuated as evidenced by significantly reduced collagen fibril density and liver stiffness compared with those in WT controls. A single dose of carbon tetrachloride caused similar acute liver injury in periostin-/- and WT littermates, and we did not detect significant differences in transaminases and major fibrosis-related hepatic gene expression between these two genotypes. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major periostin-producing liver cell type. We found that in primary rat HSCs in vitro, periostin significantly increases the expression levels and activities of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and lysyl oxidase-like (LOXL) isoforms 1-3. Periostin also induced expression of intra- and extracellular collagen type 1 and fibronectin in HSCs. Interestingly, periostin stimulated phosphorylation of SMAD2/3, which was sustained despite short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) receptor I and II, indicating that periostin-mediated SMAD2/3 phosphorylation is independent of TGFβ receptors. Moreover, periostin induced the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and AKT in HSCs. Notably, siRNA-mediated FAK knockdown failed to block periostin-induced SMAD2/3 phosphorylation. These results suggest that periostin promotes enhanced matrix stiffness in chronic liver disease by activating LOX and LOXL, independently of TGFβ receptors. Hence, targeting periostin may be of therapeutic benefit in combating hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
| | - Tekla Smith
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Reben Raeman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Daniel M Chopyk
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Hannah Brink
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Yunshan Liu
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Todd Sulchek
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Frank A Anania
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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14
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Seifert GJ. Fascinating Fasciclins: A Surprisingly Widespread Family of Proteins that Mediate Interactions between the Cell Exterior and the Cell Surface. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1628. [PMID: 29857505 PMCID: PMC6032426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fasciclin 1 (FAS1) domain is an ancient structural motif in extracellular proteins present in all kingdoms of life and particularly abundant in plants. The FAS1 domain accommodates multiple interaction surfaces, enabling it to bind different ligands. The frequently observed tandem FAS1 arrangement might both positively and negatively regulate ligand binding. Additional protein domains and post-translational modifications are partially conserved between different evolutionary clades. Human FAS1 family members are associated with multiple aspects of health and disease. At the cellular level, mammalian FAS1 proteins are implicated in extracellular matrix structure, cell to extracellular matrix and cell to cell adhesion, paracrine signaling, intracellular trafficking and endocytosis. Mammalian FAS1 proteins bind to the integrin family of receptors and to protein and carbohydrate components of the extracellular matrix. FAS1 protein encoding plant genes exert effects on cellulosic and non-cellulosic cell wall structure and cellular signaling but to establish the modes of action for any plant FAS1 protein still requires biochemical experimentation. In fungi, eubacteria and archaea, the differential presence of FAS1 proteins in closely related organisms and isolated biochemical data suggest functions in pathogenicity and symbiosis. The inter-kingdom comparison of FAS1 proteins suggests that molecular mechanisms mediating interactions between cells and their environment may have evolved at the earliest known stages of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg J Seifert
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Jeong W, Kim HJ. Biomarkers of chondrosarcoma. J Clin Pathol 2018; 71:579-583. [PMID: 29593061 PMCID: PMC6204964 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2018-205071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Clinical outcome prediction is major concern to patients with cancer. Various molecular markers in various carcinomas have been identified in the past few decades. However, accurate predictors in chondrosarcoma have not been developed, even though chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary bone tumour. Chondrosarcoma is the cartilage-forming malignancy and shows a wide spectrum of clinicopathological behaviours. The majority of chondrosarcoma grows slowly and rarely metastasises, and adequate surgery leads to a good prognosis. However, wide surgical excision is acquired in high-grade chondrosarcoma, because this tumour is highly resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. To decide best therapy, accurate diagnostic markers are also necessary in chondrosarcoma. It is reported that angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis increase by chondrosarcoma staging, and they are promoted by leptin and adiponectin. Several microRNAs to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and VEGF-C are also reported. Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase and periostin are proposed as new biomarkers for differential diagnosis of enchondroma and chondrosarcoma. This review summarises that chondrosarcoma diagnostic markers are currently reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonju Jeong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Daegu Top Hospital, Daegu, The Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Jeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, The Republic of Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, The Republic of Korea
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16
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Turupcu A, Almohamed W, Oostenbrink C, Seifert GJ. A speculation on the tandem fasciclin 1 repeat of FLA4 proteins in angiosperms. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1507403. [PMID: 30148420 PMCID: PMC6204788 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1507403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana Fasciclin like arabinogalactan protein 4 (FLA4) locus is required for normal root growth in a linear genetic pathway with the FEI1 and FEI2 loci coding for receptor-like kinases. The two Fas1 domains of FLA4 are conserved among angiosperms but only the C-terminal Fas1 domain is required for genetic function. We show that at low salt deletion of the N-terminal Fas1 domain of transgenic FLA4 leads to enhanced root elongation compared to the tandem Fas1 wild type version. Modeling the hypothetical interaction between FLA4 and FEI1 we show that the predicted interaction is predominantly involving the C-terminal Fas1 domain. Relative conformational mobility between the two FLA4 Fas1 domains might regulate the interaction with the FEI receptor kinases. We therefore speculate that the FLA4 FEI complex might be a sensor for environmental conditions in the apoplast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegül Turupcu
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wisam Almohamed
- Department for Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chris Oostenbrink
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg J. Seifert
- Department for Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- CONTACT Georg J. Seifert Department for Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Kii I, Ito H. Periostin and its interacting proteins in the construction of extracellular architectures. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:4269-4277. [PMID: 28887577 PMCID: PMC11107766 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Periostin is a matricellular protein that is composed of a multi-domain structure with an amino-terminal EMI domain, a tandem repeat of four FAS 1 domains, and a carboxyl-terminal domain. These distinct domains have been demonstrated to bind to many proteins including extracellular matrix proteins (Collagen type I and V, fibronectin, tenascin, and laminin), matricellular proteins (CCN3 and βig-h3), and enzymes that catalyze covalent crosslinking between extracellular matrix proteins (lysyl oxidase and BMP-1). Adjacent binding sites on periostin have been suggested to put the interacting proteins in close proximity, promoting intermolecular interactions between each protein, and leading to their assembly into extracellular architectures. These extracellular architectures determine the mechanochemical properties of connective tissues, in which periostin plays an important role in physiological homeostasis and disease progression. In this review, we introduce the proteins that interact with periostin, and discuss how the multi-domain structure of periostin functions as a scaffold for the assembly of interacting proteins, and how it underlies construction of highly sophisticated extracellular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Kii
- Common Facilities Unit, Integrated Research Group, Compass to Healthy Life Research Complex Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Harumi Ito
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
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18
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TGFBI functions similar to periostin but is uniquely dispensable during cardiac injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181945. [PMID: 28750100 PMCID: PMC5531541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix production and accumulation stabilize the heart under normal conditions as well as form a protective scar after myocardial infarction injury, although excessive extracellular matrix accumulation with long-standing heart disease is pathological. In the current study we investigate the role of the matricellular protein, transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI), which is induced in various forms of heart disease. Additionally, we sought to understand whether TGFBI is functionally redundant to its closely related family member periostin, which is also induced in the diseased heart. Surgical models of myocardial infarction and cardiac pressure overload were used in mice with genetic loss of Postn and/or Tgfbi to examine the roles of these genes during the fibrotic response. Additionally, cardiac-specific TGFBI transgenic mice were generated and analyzed. We observed that deletion of Tgfbi did not alter cardiac disease after myocardial infarction in contrast to greater ventricular wall rupture in Postn gene-deleted mice. Moreover, Tgfbi and Postn double gene-deleted mice showed a similar post-myocardial infarction disease phenotype as Postn-deleted mice. Over-expression of TGFBI in the hearts of mice had a similar effect as previously shown in mice with periostin over-expression. Thus, TGFBI and periostin act similarly in the heart in affecting fibrosis and disease responsiveness, although TGFBI is not seemingly necessary in the heart after myocardial infarction injury and is fully compensated by the more prominently expressed effector periostin.
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19
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Johansson MW. Eosinophil Activation Status in Separate Compartments and Association with Asthma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:75. [PMID: 28660189 PMCID: PMC5466952 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is frequently characterized by eosinophil-rich airway inflammation. Airway eosinophilia is associated with asthma exacerbations and likely plays a part in airway remodeling. Eosinophil recruitment from the bloodstream depends on circulating eosinophils becoming activated, which leads to eosinophil arrest on activated endothelium, extravasation, and continued movement through the bronchial tissue by interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM). Circulating eosinophils can exist at different activation levels, which include non-activated or pre-activated (sensitized or “primed”). Further, the bloodstream may lack pre-activated cells, due to such eosinophils having arrested on endothelium or extravasated into tissue. Increased expression, and in some instances, decreased expression of cell-surface proteins, including CD44, CD45, CD45R0, CD48, CD137, neuropeptide S receptor, cytokine receptors, Fc receptors, and integrins (receptors mediating cell adhesion and migration by interacting with ligands on other cells or in the ECM), and activated states of integrins or Fc receptors on blood eosinophils have been reported to correlate with aspects of asthma. A subset of these proteins has been reported to respond to intervention, e.g., with anti-interleukin (IL)-5. How these surface proteins and the activation state of the eosinophil respond to other interventions, e.g., with anti-IL-4 receptor alpha or anti-IL-13, is unknown. Eosinophil surface proteins suggested to be biomarkers of activation, particularly integrins, and reports on correlations between eosinophil activation and aspects of asthma are described in this review. Intermediate activation of beta1 and beta2 integrins on circulating eosinophils correlates with decreased pulmonary function, airway inflammation, or airway lumen eosinophils in non-severe asthma. The correlation does not appear in severe asthma, likely due to a higher degree of extravasation of pre-activated eosinophils in more severe disease. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophils have highly activated integrins and other changes in surface proteins compared to blood eosinophils. The activation state of eosinophils in lung tissue, although likely very important in asthma, is largely unknown. However, some recent articles, mainly on mice but partly on human cells, indicate that tissue eosinophils may have a surface phenotype(s) different from that of sputum or BAL eosinophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats W Johansson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
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20
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Lv YJ, Wang W, Ji CS, Jia, Xie MR, Hu B. Association between periostin and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:376-382. [PMID: 28693179 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between periostin (POSTN), epithelial cadherin (E-cad) and vimentin (Vim) expression levels in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues, and its clinicopathological significance. A total of 58 patients with esophageal cancer were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry was performed to quantify the expression levels of POSTN, E-cad and Vim. E-cad expression was reduced in ESCC tissue, which was associated with severe tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P<0.001), lymphatic metastasis (P<0.001) and vascular invasion (P=0.026). Conversely, Vim expression was found to be increased in ESCC tissues, and had associations with TNM stage (P=0.039) and lymphatic metastasis (P=0.039). POSTN overexpression observed in ESCC cells was associated with attenuation of E-cad expression (P<0.001) and elevated expression levels of Vim (P<0.001). Additionally, significant correlations between the overexpression of POSTN in ESCC cells and clinicopathological variables including TNM staging (P=0.009), degree of differentiation (P<0.001), lymphatic metastasis (P=0.009) and vascular invasion (P=0.002) were verified. Multivariate analysis revealed that overexpression of POSTN in ESCC cancer cells is able to predict the poor prognosis of patients independently of overall survival (P=0.022) and disease free survival (P=0.019). The preliminary findings of the present study demonstrate that POSTN is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ESCC cells, and may therefore be a predictive factor for tumor invasion and metastasis, as well as an indicator of poor prognosis for patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jing Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Chu-Shu Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Ran Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
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21
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Johansson MW, Khanna M, Bortnov V, Annis DS, Nguyen CL, Mosher DF. IL-5-stimulated eosinophils adherent to periostin undergo stereotypic morphological changes and ADAM8-dependent migration. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:1263-1274. [PMID: 28378503 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-5 causes suspended eosinophils to polarize with filamentous (F)-actin and granules at one pole and the nucleus in a specialized uropod, the "nucleopod," which is capped with P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). IL-5 enhances eosinophil adhesion and migration on periostin, an extracellular matrix protein upregulated in asthma by type 2 immunity mediators. OBJECTIVE Determine how the polarized morphology evolves to foster migration of IL-5-stimulated eosinophils on a surface coated with periostin. METHODS Blood eosinophils adhering to adsorbed periostin were imaged at different time points by fluorescent microscopy, and migration of eosinophils on periostin was assayed. RESULTS After 10 minutes in the presence of IL-5, adherent eosinophils were polarized with PSGL-1 at the nucleopod tip and F-actin distributed diffusely at the opposite end. After 30-60 minutes, the nucleopod had dissipated such that PSGL-1 was localized in a crescent or ring away from the cell periphery, and F-actin was found in podosome-like structures. The periostin layer, detected with monoclonal antibody Stiny-1, shown here to recognize the FAS1 4 module, was cleared in wide areas around adherent eosinophils. Clearance was attenuated by metalloproteinase inhibitors or antibodies to disintegrin metalloproteinase 8 (ADAM8), a major eosinophil metalloproteinase previously implicated in asthma pathogenesis. ADAM8 was not found in podosome-like structures, which are associated with proteolytic activity in other cell types. Instead, immunoblotting demonstrated proteoforms of ADAM8 that lack the cytoplasmic tail in the supernatant. Anti-ADAM8 inhibited migration of IL-5-stimulated eosinophils on periostin. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Migrating IL-5-activated eosinophils on periostin exhibit loss of nucleopodal features and appearance of prominent podosomes along with clearance of the Stiny-1 periostin epitope. Migration and epitope clearance are both attenuated by inhibitors of ADAM8. We propose, therefore, that eosinophils remodel and migrate on periostin-rich extracellular matrix in the asthmatic airway in an ADAM8-dependent manner, making ADAM8 a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Johansson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Khanna
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - V Bortnov
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - D S Annis
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - C L Nguyen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - D F Mosher
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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22
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Qin X, Yan M, Zhang J, Wang X, Shen Z, Lv Z, Li Z, Wei W, Chen W. TGFβ3-mediated induction of Periostin facilitates head and neck cancer growth and is associated with metastasis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20587. [PMID: 26857387 PMCID: PMC4746667 DOI: 10.1038/srep20587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The matrix-specific protein periostin (POSTN) is up-regulated in human cancers and associated with cancer growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. Although the stroma of cancer tissues is the main source of POSTN, it is still unclear how POSTN plays a role to facilitate the interplay between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in head and neck cancer (HNC), thereby promoting tumorigenesis via modifying the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we have performed studies to investigate POSTN and its role in HNC microenvironment. Our results indicated that POSTN was significantly up-regulated in HNCs, especially in the tissues with lymph node metastasis. Moreover, POSTN was highly enriched in the stroma of cancer tissues and produced mainly by CAFs. More importantly, we have pinpointed TGF-β3 as the major upstream molecular that triggers the induction of POSTN in CAFs. As such, during the interaction between fibroblasts and cancer cells, the increased stromal POSTN induced by TGF-β3 directly accelerated the growth, migration and invasion of cancer cells. Hence, our study has provided a novel modulative role for POSTN on HNC progression and further reveals POSTN as an effective biomarker to predict metastasis as well as a potential cancer therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Qin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zongze Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhongjing Lv
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Wantao Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head &Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
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