1
|
Singh P, Singh M, Singh B, Sharma K, Kumar N, Singh D, Klair HS, Mastana S. Implications of siRNA Therapy in Bone Health: Silencing Communicates. Biomedicines 2024; 12:90. [PMID: 38255196 PMCID: PMC10813040 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The global statistics of bone disorders, skeletal defects, and fractures are frightening. Several therapeutic strategies are being used to fix them; however, RNAi-based siRNA therapy is starting to prove to be a promising approach for the prevention of bone disorders because of its advanced capabilities to deliver siRNA or siRNA drug conjugate to the target tissue. Despite its 'bench-to-bedside' usefulness and approval by food and drug administration for five siRNA-based therapeutic medicines: Patisiran, Vutrisiran, Inclisiran, Lumasiran, and Givosiran, its use for the other diseases still remains to be resolved. By correcting the complications and complexities involved in siRNA delivery for its sustained release, better absorption, and toxicity-free activity, siRNA therapy can be harnessed as an experimental tool for the prevention of complex and undruggable diseases with a personalized medicine approach. The present review summarizes the findings of notable research to address the implications of siRNA in bone health for the restoration of bone mass, recovery of bone loss, and recuperation of bone fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puneetpal Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Monica Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Baani Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Kirti Sharma
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Deepinder Singh
- Vardhman Mahavir Health Care, Urban Estate, Ph-II, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | | | - Sarabjit Mastana
- Human Genomics Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maddiboyina B, Ramaiah, Nakkala RK, Roy H. Perspectives on cutting-edge nanoparticulate drug delivery technologies based on lipids and their applications. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:377-394. [PMID: 36916008 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Numerous nanotech arenas in therapeutic biology have recently provided a scientific platform to manufacture a considerable swath of unique chemical entities focusing on drugs. Recently, nanoparticulate drug delivery systems have emerged to deliver a specific drug to a specified site. Among all other carriers, lipids possess features exclusive to nanostructured dosage forms. The bioavailability of orally administered drugs is typically negatively affected by their poor water solubility, resulting from the unique chemical moieties introduced. Because of their unique advantages, lipid nanoparticles must become increasingly predictable as a robust delivery mechanism. The enhanced biopharmaceutical properties and significance of lipid-based targeting technologies such as liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles and micelles are highlighted in this review. Pharmaceutical implications of lipid nanocarriers for the transport and distribution of various therapeutic agents, such as biotechnological products and small pharmaceutical molecules, is a booming topic. Lipid nanoparticles as drug delivery systems have many appealing properties, including high biocompatibility, ease of preparation, tissue specificity, avoidance of reticuloendothelial systems, delayed drug release, scale-up feasibility, nontoxicity and targeted delivery. The use of lipid nanoparticles to enhance the transport of biopharmaceuticals is currently considered state-of-the-art. Similarly, we critically examine the upcoming guidelines that therapeutic scientists should handle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramaiah
- Freyr Solutions, Phoenix SEZ, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Zhang Y, Wang B, Fan Q, Yang Q, Xu J, Dai H, Xu F, Wang C. Blood Clot Scaffold Loaded with Liposome Vaccine and siRNAs Targeting PD-L1 and TIM-3 for Effective DC Activation and Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:760-774. [PMID: 36520665 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tumor vaccines have been showing a relatively weak response rate in cancer patients, while deficiencies in delivery efficiency to dendritic cells (DCs), as well as DC-intrinsic immunosuppressive signals, contribute to a great extent. In this work, we report an implantable blood clot loaded with liposomes-protamine-hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (LPH NPs) containing vaccine (LPH-vaccine) and LPH NPs containing siRNA (LPH-siRNA) for synergistic DC recruitment and activation. The subcutaneously implanted blood clot scaffold can recruit abundant immune cells, particularly DCs, to form a DC-rich environment in vivo. Within the scaffold, LPH-vaccine effectively delivers antigens and adjuvants to the recruited DCs and induces the maturation of DCs. More importantly, LPH-siRNA that targets programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-containing molecule 3 (TIM-3) can reduce immunosuppressive signals in mature DCs and prevent the DCs from expressing a regulatory program in the scaffold. The activated DCs correlate with an improved magnitude and efficacy of T cell priming, resulting in the production of tumor antigen-specific T cells in multiple mouse models. Our strategy can also be used for patient-tailored therapy by change of tumor neoantigens, suggesting a promising strategy for cancer therapy in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Beilei Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Qin Fan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Qianyu Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Jialu Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Huaxing Dai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang M, Sakasai S, Onishi H, Kawano K, Hattori Y. Effect of PEG anchor in PEGylation of folate-modified cationic liposomes with PEG-derivatives on systemic siRNA delivery into the Tumor. J Drug Target 2023; 31:74-88. [PMID: 35864749 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2104860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared small interfering RNA (siRNA)/cationic liposome complexes (lipoplexes) modified with folate (FA)-polyethylene glycol (PEG, MW 2000, 3400 or 5000)-1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE) to facilitate their uptake into tumor cells via folate receptor (FR), and with PEG1600-cholesterol (PEG1600-Chol) or PEG2000-chondroitin sulfate conjugate (PEG2000-CS), to enhance their systemic stability. Among the FA-PEG-modified siRNA lipoplexes, 0.5 mol% FA-PEG5000-DSPE-modified lipoplexes with 2.5 mol% PEG2000-CS or PEG1600-Chol (LP-0.5F5/2.5P2-CS and LP-0.5F5/2.5P1.6-CL, respectively) exhibited selective growth inhibition of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cells through transduction with polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) siRNA. Furthermore, the LP-0.5F5/2.5P2-CS and LP-0.5F5/2.5P1.6-CL lipoplexes exhibited decreased agglutination with erythrocytes through PEGylation, and markedly decreased the accumulation of siRNA in murine lungs after systemic injection. Finally, systemic injection of LP-0.5F5/2.5P2-CS and LP-0.5F5/2.5P1.6-CL lipoplexes resulted in accumulation of siRNA in KB tumor xenografts. These findings suggest that PEGylation of FA-PEG5000-DSPE-modified siRNA lipoplexes with PEG2000-CS or PEG1600-Chol might improve their systemic stability without the loss of selective transfection activity in tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Sakasai
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiraku Onishi
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumi Kawano
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salvador J, Berthelot J, Bony C, Robin B, Him JLK, Noël D, Belamie E, Morille M. Size-tunable lipid vectors for controlled local delivery of siRNA from gene activated matrix. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:97-107. [PMID: 36113724 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to restore or replace different types of biological tissues through the association of cells, biologic factors and biomaterials. Currently, stem cells arise as a major cell source for many therapeutic indications, and their association with 3D scaffolds allow increasing regenerative medicine efficiency. In this context, the use of RNA interference to enhance or control stem cell differentiation into the desired phenotype appears as a promising strategy. However, achieving high transfection efficiency of cells in a 3D structure requires the use of a vector allowing for the spatiotemporally controlled release of the genetic material from these scaffolds. In this study, we report a new siRNA nanovector, called solvent exchange lipoplexe formulation (SELF), which has a tunable size, is stable over time in cell culture conditions and possess a high efficiency to transfect primary human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC). We associated SELFs with porous 3D collagen microspheres and demonstrated that the loading capacity and release kinetics were different depending on the size of the associated SELF. Interestingly, these different release profiles resulted in differences in the transfection kinetics of hMSCs. This original and unique type of gene activated matrix, with adaptable release kinetics, could be of interest for long-term and/or sequential transfection profiles of stem cells in 3D culture. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This work combines the use of human mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) and gene therapy for tissue engineering. Here, a gene-activated matrix was elaborated with collagen microspheres supporting hMSCs and acting as a reservoir for transfection vectors. This injectable GAM allows for the local and sustained delivery of nucleic acids, hence long-lasting transfection of the supported cells. With the original synthesis protocol presented herein, the size of the nanocarriers can be easily adapted, resulting in different siRNA release profiles from the microspheres. Most interestingly, different siRNA release profiles gave rise to different cell transfection profiles as assessed by the downregulation of a target gene. This highlights the versatility of the system and its suitability for various pathophysiological needs in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Salvador
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France; EPHE, PSL Research University, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jade Berthelot
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; EPHE, PSL Research University, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Claire Bony
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Baptiste Robin
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Josephine Lai Kee Him
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Emmanuel Belamie
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; EPHE, PSL Research University, 75014 Paris, France.
| | - Marie Morille
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hattori Y, Tang M, Torii S, Tomita K, Sagawa A, Inoue N, Yamagishi R, Ozaki KI. Optimal combination of cationic lipid and phospholipid in cationic liposomes for gene knockdown in breast cancer cells and mouse lung using siRNA lipoplexes. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:253. [PMID: 35686555 PMCID: PMC9218728 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Formulation of cationic liposomes is a key factor that determine the gene knockdown efficiency by cationic liposomes/siRNA complexes (siRNA lipoplexes). Here, to determine the optimal combination of cationic lipid and phospholipid in cationic liposomes for in vitro and in vivo gene knockdown using siRNA lipoplexes, three types of cationic lipid were used, namely 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDAB) and 11-[(1,3-bis(dodecanoyloxy)-2-((dodecanoyloxy)methyl)propan-2-yl)amino]-N,N,N-trimethyl-11-oxoundecan-1-aminium bromide (TC-1-12). Thereafter, 30 types of cationic liposome composed of each cationic lipid with phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine containing saturated or unsaturated dialkyl chains (C14, C16, or C18) were prepared. The inclusion of phosphatidylethanolamine containing unsaturated and long dialkyl chains with DOTAP- or DDAB-based cationic liposomes induced strong luciferase gene knockdown in human breast cancer MCF-7-Luc cells stably expressing luciferase gene. Furthermore, the inclusion of phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine containing saturated and short dialkyl chains or unsaturated and long dialkyl chains into TC-1-12-based cationic liposomes resulted in high gene knockdown efficacy. When cationic liposomes composed of DDAB/1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE), TC-1-12/DOPE and TC-1-12/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine were used, significant gene knockdown occurred in the lungs of mice following systemic injection of siRNA lipoplexes. Overall, the present findings indicated that optimal phospholipids in cationic liposome for in vitro and in vivo siRNA transfection were affected by the types of cationic lipid used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Satomi Torii
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kana Tomita
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Ayane Sagawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Nodoka Inoue
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Reo Yamagishi
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Ozaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hattori Y, Saito H, Nakamura K, Yamanaka A, Tang M, Ozaki KI. In vitro and in vivo transfections using siRNA lipoplexes prepared by mixing siRNAs with a lipid-ethanol solution. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
8
|
Guo Y, Cao X, Zheng X, Abbas SJ, Li J, Tan W. Construction of nanocarriers based on nucleic acids and their application in nanobiology delivery systems. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac006. [PMID: 35668748 PMCID: PMC9162387 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In recent years, nanocarriers based on nucleic acids (NCNAs) have emerged as powerful and novel nanocarriers that are able to meet the demand for cancer cell-specific targeting. Functional dynamics analysis revealed good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and programmable structures, and their advantages include controllable size and modifiability. The development of novel hybrids has focused on the distinct roles of biosensing, drug and gene delivery, vaccine transport, photosensitization, counteracting drug resistance and functioning as carriers and logic gates. This review is divided into three parts: (1) DNA nanocarriers, (2) RNA nanocarriers, and (3) DNA/RNA hybrid nanocarriers and their biological applications. We also provide perspectives on possible future directions for growth in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingshu Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xiuping Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi276005, China
| | - Xiaofei Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi276005, China
| | - Sk Jahir Abbas
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, China
| | - Juan Li
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310022, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310022, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tang M, Hattori Y. Effect of using amino acids in the freeze-drying of siRNA lipoplexes on gene knockdown in cells after reverse transfection. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:72. [PMID: 34405044 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, small interfering RNA (siRNA)/cationic liposome complexes (siRNA lipoplexes) have become a crucial research tool for studying gene function. Easy and reliable siRNA transfection with a large set of siRNAs is required for the successful screening of gene function. Reverse (Rev)-transfection with freeze-dried siRNA lipoplexes is validated for siRNA transfection with a large set of siRNAs in a multi-well plate. In our previous study, it was shown that Rev-transfection with siRNA lipoplexes freeze-dried in disaccharides or trisaccharides resulted in long-term stability with a high level of gene-knockdown activity. In the present study, the effects of amino acids used as cryoprotectants in the freeze-drying of siRNA lipoplexes on gene knockdown via Rev-transfection were assessed. A total of 15 types of amino acids were used to prepare freeze-dried siRNA lipoplexes, and it was found that the freeze-drying of siRNA lipoplexes with amino acid concentrations >100 mM strongly suppressed targeted gene expression regardless of the amino acid type; however, some amino acids strongly upregulated or downregulated gene expression in the cells transfected with negative control siRNA. Amongst the amino acids tested, the presence of asparagine showed specific gene-knockdown activity, forming large cakes after freeze-drying and retaining a favorable siRNA lipoplex size after rehydration. These findings provide valuable information regarding amino acids as cryoprotectants for Rev-transfection using freeze-dried siRNA lipoplexes for the efficient delivery of siRNA into cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Transfection of Vitamin D3-Induced Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells for the Silencing of Potential Tolerogenic Genes. Identification of CSF1R-CSF1 Signaling as a Glycolytic Regulator. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147363. [PMID: 34298983 PMCID: PMC8305050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) has become a promising strategy to re-establish immune tolerance in autoimmune diseases. Among the different strategies available, the use of vitamin D3 for the generation of tolDC (VitD3-tolDC) has been widely tested because of their immune regulatory properties. To identify molecules and pathways involved in the generation of VitD3-tolDC, we established an easy and fast gene silencing method based on the use of Viromer blue to introduce siRNA into monocytes on day 1 of culture differentiation. The analysis of the effect of CD209 (DC-SIGN) and CD115 (CSF1R) down-modulation on the phenotype and functionality of transfected VitD3-tolDC revealed a partial role of CD115 in their tolerogenicity. Further investigations showed that CSF1R-CSF1 signaling is involved in the induction of cell metabolic reprogramming, triggering glycolysis to produce high amounts of lactate, a novel suppressive mechanism of T cell proliferation, recently found in autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells (ATDCs).
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Q, Zhang J, Song J, Liu Y, Ren X, Zhao Y. Protein-Based Nanomedicine for Therapeutic Benefits of Cancer. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8001-8038. [PMID: 33900074 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Proteins, a type of natural biopolymer that possess many prominent merits, have been widely utilized to engineer nanomedicine for fighting against cancer. Motivated by their ever-increasing attention in the scientific community, this review aims to provide a comprehensive showcase on the current landscape of protein-based nanomedicine for cancer therapy. On the basis of role differences of proteins in nanomedicine, protein-based nanomedicine engineered with protein therapeutics, protein carriers, enzymes, and composite proteins is introduced. The cancer therapeutic benefits of the protein-based nanomedicine are also discussed, including small-molecular therapeutics-mediated therapy, macromolecular therapeutics-mediated therapy, radiation-mediated therapy, reactive oxygen species-mediated therapy, and thermal effect-mediated therapy. Lastly, future developments and potential challenges of protein-based nanomedicine are elucidated toward clinical translation. It is believed that protein-based nanomedicine will play a vital role in the battle against cancer. We hope that this review will inspire extensive research interests from diverse disciplines to further push the developments of protein-based nanomedicine in the biomedical frontier, contributing to ever-greater medical advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Junmin Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jun Song
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yizhen Liu
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiangzhong Ren
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu Y, Tiruthani K, Wang M, Zhou X, Qiu N, Xiong Y, Pecot CV, Liu R, Huang L. Tumor-targeted gene therapy with lipid nanoparticles inhibits tumor-associated adipocytes and remodels the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:319-329. [PMID: 33587080 PMCID: PMC8638658 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00588f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Adipocytes are the primary cellular components within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Increasing evidence suggests that tumor-associated adipocytes (TAAs) can aggravate tumor progression, exacerbate the immunosuppressive TME and compromise therapeutic efficacy. In this study, the biological effect of TAAs within the breast cancer TME is first investigated, and the C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) which is mainly secreted by TAAs in the extracellular environment is identified as the key mediator. CCL2 recruits immune cells such as monocytes and macrophages that further differentiated into immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2 macrophages. To manipulate CCL2-mediated immune response, a protein trap that binds with CCL2 with high affinity and specificity is designed. The plasmid DNA encoding the CCL2 trap (pCCL2) is specifically delivered to the TME by using targeted lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) nanoparticles to locally express the CCL2 trap and ameliorate the immunosuppressive TME. Significantly, compared with the commercially available CCL2 antibody, this strategy shows enhanced therapeutic efficacy and appreciable tumor growth inhibition. Furthermore, the pCCL2 trap treatment successfully suppresses TAAs, increases T cell infiltration and decreases the population of immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and MDSCs. Further studies show that the pCCL2 trap could facilitate PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy, demonstrating its translation potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Karthik Tiruthani
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Menglin Wang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nasha Qiu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yang Xiong
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Chad V. Pecot
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rihe Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tang M, Hu S, Hattori Y. Effect of pre‑freezing and saccharide types in freeze‑drying of siRNA lipoplexes on gene‑silencing effects in the cells by reverse transfection. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3233-3244. [PMID: 32945442 PMCID: PMC7453497 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study reported that reverse (Rev)-transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA)/cationic liposome complexes (siRNA lipoplexes) freeze-dried in trehalose or sucrose solution resulted in high gene-silencing activity in cells. The current study investigated whether pre-freezing or saccharide types present during the freeze-drying of siRNA lipoplexes affected gene-silencing in cells after Rev-transfection. Three types of cationic cholesterol derivatives and three types of dialkyl or trialkyl cationic lipids were used for the preparation of cationic liposomes. Additionally, six types of siRNA lipoplexes were vacuum-dried in trehalose or sucrose solution without a pre-freezing process in multi-well plates. A strong gene-silencing activity after Rev-transfection was observed regardless of the cationic lipid types in the cationic liposomes. It was also investigated whether saccharide types in the freeze-drying of siRNA lipoplexes affected gene-silencing after Rev-transfection. siRNA lipoplexes freeze-dried in monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose or mannose), disaccharides (maltose, lactose, lactulose or cellobiose) and trisaccharide solution (raffinose or melezitose) demonstrated high gene-silencing activity. However, following Rev-transfection with siRNA lipoplexes freeze-dried in monosaccharides or trisaccharides, certain saccharides induced cytotoxicity and/or off-target effects. The results of the current study indicated that disaccharides may be suitable for the preparation of vacuum-dried or freeze-dried siRNA lipoplexes for Rev-transfection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan
| | - Subin Hu
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hattori Y, Tamaki K, Sakasai S, Ozaki KI, Onishi H. Effects of PEG anchors in PEGylated siRNA lipoplexes on in vitro gene‑silencing effects and siRNA biodistribution in mice. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4183-4196. [PMID: 33000194 PMCID: PMC7533518 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)‑modifications (PEGylations) of cationic liposome/small interfering RNA complexes (siRNA lipoplexes) can enhance their systemic stability. The present study determined the effects of PEG anchors in PEGylated siRNA lipoplexes on in vitro gene‑silencing effects and siRNA biodistribution after intravenous injection. Three types of dialkyl or trialkyl cationic lipids were used in the current study for the preparation of cationic liposomes. Additionally, various PEGylated siRNA lipoplexes that contained PEG‑1,2‑distearoyl‑sn‑-glycero‑-3‑phosphoethanolamine (DSPE), PEG‑1,2‑distearoyl‑rac‑glycero‑3‑-methylpolyoxyethylene (DSG), PEG‑cholesterol (PEG‑Chol) and PEG‑chondroitin sulfate conjugate (PEG‑CS) were prepared. The results revealed that PEGylation of siRNA lipoplexes with PEG‑DSPE strongly decreased gene‑silencing effects in cells. In contrast, those with PEG‑DSG, PEG‑Chol and PEG‑CS did not largely decrease gene-silencing effects. However, regardless of the PEG‑derivative type, PEGylation of siRNA lipoplexes decreased their agglutination with erythrocytes. Furthermore, intravenous injection of PEGylated siRNA lipoplexes markedly decreased the accumulation of siRNA in the lungs, regardless of the type of PEG‑derivative. However, non‑PEGylated siRNA lipoplexes accumulated mainly in the lungs regardless of the siRNA lipoplex cationic lipid type. The results indicated that PEGylation of siRNA lipoplexes with PEG‑DSG, PEG‑Chol and PEG‑CS may improve systemic stability without losing transfection activity by PEGylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan
| | - Kyoko Tamaki
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan
| | - Sho Sakasai
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Ozaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610‑0395, Japan
| | - Hiraku Onishi
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142‑8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bellucci MC, Volonterio A. Aminoglycosides: From Antibiotics to Building Blocks for the Synthesis and Development of Gene Delivery Vehicles. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E504. [PMID: 32796727 PMCID: PMC7459817 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9080504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycosides are a class of naturally occurring and semi synthetic antibiotics that have been used for a long time in fighting bacterial infections. Due to acquired antibiotic resistance and inherent toxicity, aminoglycosides have experienced a decrease in interest over time. However, in the last decade, we are seeing a renaissance of aminoglycosides thanks to a better understanding of their chemistry and mode of action, which had led to new trends of application. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to highlight one of these new fields of application: the use of aminoglycosides as building blocks for the development of liposomal and polymeric vectors for gene delivery. The design, synthetic strategies, ability to condensate the genetic material, the efficiency in transfection, and cytotoxicity as well as when available, the antibacterial activity of aminoglycoside-based cationic lipids and polymers are covered and critically analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Bellucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Volonterio
- Department of Chemistry, Material and Chemical Engineer “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen L, Bai M, Du R, Wang H, Deng Y, Xiao A, Gan X. The non-viral vectors and main methods of loading siRNA onto the titanium implants and their application. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:2152-2168. [PMID: 32646287 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1793706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification of titanium implants by siRNA is quite efficient for improving implant osseointegration. Loading siRNA onto their surface is a crucial factor for siRNA-functionalized implants to realize their biological function. Direct binding of siRNA to implants has low siRNA binding and releasing rate, so usually it needs to be mediated by vectors. Polymeric, nonmaterial-mediated and lipid-based vectors are types of non-viral vectors which are commonly used for delivering siRNA. Three major methods of loading process, namely simple physical adsorption, layer-by-layer assembly and electrodeposition, are also summarized. A brief introduction, the basic principle and the general procedure of each method are included. The loading efficiency, which can be measured both qualitatively and quantitatively, together with gene knockdown efficiency, cytotoxicity assay and osteogenesis of the three methods are compared. A good many applications in osteogenesis have also been described in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangrui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Mingxuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yi Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Anqi Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xueqi Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Maguregui A, Abe H. Developments in siRNA Modification and Ligand Conjugated Delivery To Enhance RNA Interference Ability. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1808-1815. [PMID: 32181563 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is great potential for siRNA in the treatment of diseases through the reduction of damaging protein translation by RNA interference. However, the delivery and cell uptake of siRNA pose a serious problem in its therapeutic application. Methods to overcome this issue include chemical modification of the siRNA duplex to improve pharmacokinetics, stability and efficacy, and conjugation to small ligand molecules to enable membrane penetration, targetability and potency. In this review, the most common modifications of siRNA will be discussed, along with ligand conjugates that are believed to be the most promising in advancing the field of targeted siRNA delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ander Maguregui
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Holm R, Schwiertz D, Weber B, Schultze J, Kuhn J, Koynov K, Lächelt U, Barz M. Multifunctional Cationic PeptoStars as siRNA Carrier: Influence of Architecture and Histidine Modification on Knockdown Potential. Macromol Biosci 2019; 20:e1900152. [PMID: 31430057 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference provides enormous potential for the treatment of several diseases, including cancer. Nevertheless, successful therapies based on siRNA require overcoming various challenges, such as poor pharmacokinetic characteristics of the small RNA molecule and inefficient cytosolic accumulation. In this respect, the development of functional siRNA carrier systems is a major task in biomedical research. To provide such a desired system, the synthesis of 3-arm and 6-arm PeptoStars is aimed for. The different branched polypept(o)idic architectures share a stealth-like polysarcosine corona for efficient shielding and a multifunctional polylysine core, which can be independently varied in size and functionality for siRNA complexation-, transport and intra cellular release. The special feature of star-like polypept(o)ides is in their uniform small size (<20 nm) and a core-shell structure, which implies a high stability and stealth-like properties and thus, they may combine long circulation times and a deep penetration of cancerous tissue. Initial toxicity and complement studies demonstrate well tolerated cationic PeptoStars with high complexation capability toward siRNA (N/P ratio up to 3:1), which can lead to potent RNAi for optimized systems. Here, the synthetic development of 3-arm and 6-arm polypept(o)idic star polymers, their modification with endosomolytic moieties, and first in vitro insights on RNA interference are reported on.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Holm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - David Schwiertz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schultze
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jasmin Kuhn
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lipid Delivery Systems for Nucleic-Acid-Based-Drugs: From Production to Clinical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11080360. [PMID: 31344836 PMCID: PMC6723796 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last years the rapid development of Nucleic Acid Based Drugs (NABDs) to be used in gene therapy has had a great impact in the medical field, holding enormous promise, becoming “the latest generation medicine” with the first ever siRNA-lipid based formulation approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human use, and currently on the market under the trade name Onpattro™. The growth of such powerful biologic therapeutics has gone hand in hand with the progress in delivery systems technology, which is absolutely required to improve their safety and effectiveness. Lipid carrier systems, particularly liposomes, have been proven to be the most suitable vehicles meeting NABDs requirements in the medical healthcare framework, limiting their toxicity, and ensuring their delivery and expression into the target tissues. In this review, after a description of the several kinds of liposomes structures and formulations used for in vitro or in vivo NABDs delivery, the broad range of siRNA-liposomes production techniques are discussed in the light of the latest technological progresses. Then, the current status of siRNA-lipid delivery systems in clinical trials is addressed, offering an updated overview on the clinical goals and the next challenges of this new class of therapeutics which will soon replace traditional drugs.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ni R, Feng R, Chau Y. Synthetic Approaches for Nucleic Acid Delivery: Choosing the Right Carriers. Life (Basel) 2019; 9:E59. [PMID: 31324016 PMCID: PMC6789897 DOI: 10.3390/life9030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the genetic roots of various human diseases has motivated the exploration of different exogenous nucleic acids as therapeutic agents to treat these genetic disorders (inherited or acquired). However, the physicochemical properties of nucleic acids render them liable to degradation and also restrict their cellular entrance and gene translation/inhibition at the correct cellular location. Therefore, gene condensation/protection and guided intracellular trafficking are necessary for exogenous nucleic acids to function inside cells. Diversified cationic formulation materials, including natural and synthetic lipids, polymers, and proteins/peptides, have been developed to facilitate the intracellular transportation of exogenous nucleic acids. The chemical properties of different formulation materials determine their special features for nucleic acid delivery, so understanding the property-function correlation of the formulation materials will inspire the development of next-generation gene delivery carriers. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the chemical properties of different types of formulation materials and discuss how these formulation materials function as protectors and cellular pathfinders for nucleic acids, bringing them to their destination by overcoming different cellular barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruilu Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ying Chau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hattori Y, Hu S, Onishi H. Effects of cationic lipids in cationic liposomes and disaccharides in the freeze-drying of siRNA lipoplexes on gene silencing in cells by reverse transfection. J Liposome Res 2019; 30:235-245. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1630643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Subin Hu
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiraku Onishi
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Oligonucleotide therapy: An emerging focus area for drug delivery in chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:206-215. [PMID: 31136735 PMCID: PMC7094617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligonucleotide-based therapies are advanced novel interventions used in the management of various respiratory diseases such as asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). These agents primarily act by gene silencing or RNA interference. Better methodologies and techniques are the need of the hour that can deliver these agents to tissues and cells in a target specific manner by which their maximum potential can be reached in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases. Nanoparticles play an important role in the target-specific delivery of drugs. In addition, oligonucleotides also are extensively used for gene transfer in the form of polymeric, liposomal and inorganic carrier materials. Therefore, the current review focuses on various novel dosage forms like nanoparticles, liposomes that can be used efficiently for the delivery of various oligonucleotides such as siRNA and miRNA. We also discuss the future perspectives and targets for oligonucleotides in the management of respiratory diseases.
Collapse
|
23
|
Effect of Cationic Lipid Type in Folate-PEG-Modified Cationic Liposomes on Folate Receptor-Mediated siRNA Transfection in Tumor Cells. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11040181. [PMID: 30991703 PMCID: PMC6523911 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11040181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effect of cationic lipid type in folate (FA)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified cationic liposomes on gene-silencing effects in tumor cells using cationic liposomes/siRNA complexes (siRNA lipoplexes). We used three types of cationic cholesterol derivatives, cholesteryl (3-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)propyl)carbamate hydroiodide (HAPC-Chol), N-(2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl)cholesteryl-3-carboxamide (OH-Chol), and cholesteryl (2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)carbamate (OH-C-Chol), and we prepared three types of FA-PEG-modified siRNA lipoplexes. The modification of cationic liposomes with 1–2 mol % PEG-lipid abolished the gene-silencing effect in human nasopharyngeal tumor KB cells, which overexpress the FA receptor (FR). In contrast, FA-PEG-modification of cationic liposomes restored gene-silencing activity regardless of the cationic lipid type in cationic liposomes. However, the optimal amount of PEG-lipid and FA-PEG-lipid in cationic liposomes for selective gene silencing and cellular uptake were different among the three types of cationic liposomes. Furthermore, in vitro transfection of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) siRNA by FA-PEG-modified liposomes exhibited strong cytotoxicity in KB cells, compared with PEG-modified liposomes; however, in in vivo therapy, intratumoral injection of PEG-modified PLK1 siRNA lipoplexes inhibited tumor growth of KB xenografts, as well as that of FA-PEG-modified PLK1 siRNA lipoplexes. From these results, the optimal formulation of PEG- and FA-PEG-modified liposomes for FR-selective gene silencing might be different between in vitro and in vivo transfection.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lai Y, Xu X, Zhu Z, Hua Z. Highly efficient siRNA transfection in macrophages using apoptotic body-mimic Ca-PS lipopolyplex. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6603-6623. [PMID: 30425477 PMCID: PMC6205523 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s176991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The discovery and development of RNA interference has made a tremendous contribution to the biochemical and biomedical field. However, liposomal transfection protocols to deliver siRNAs to certain types of cells, eg, immune cells, are not viable due to exceedingly low transfection efficiency. While viral delivery and electroporation are two widely adopted approaches to transfect immune cells, they are associated with certain drawbacks such as complexity of preparation, biosafety issues, and high cytotoxicity. We believe amendments can be made to liposomal formulas and protocols to achieve a highly efficient knockdown of genes by liposome-loaded siRNAs. Aim The aim of this study was to use the apoptotic-mimic Ca-PS lipopolyplex to achieve highly efficient siRNA knockdown of genes in the hard-to-transfect macrophages with reduced cytotoxicity and more efficient cellular uptake. Results We devised an anionic liposomal formula containing phosphatidylserine to mimic the apoptotic body, the Ca-PS lipopolyplex. Ca-PS lipopolyplex was proven to be capable of delivering and effecting efficient gene knockdown in multiple cell lines at lowered cytotoxicity. Among the two types of macrophages, namely Ana-1 and bone-marrow derived macrophages, Ca-PS lipopolyplex showed an improvement in knockdown efficiency, as high as 157%, over Lipo2000. Further investigations revealed that Ca-PS promotes increased cellular uptake, lysosomal escape and localization of siRNAs to the perinuclear regions in macrophages. Lastly, transfection by Ca-PS lipopolyplex did not induce spontaneous polarization of macrophages. Conclusion The apoptotic body-mimic Ca-PS lipopolyplex is a stable, non-cytotoxic liposomal delivery system for siRNAs featuring vastly improved potency for macrophages and lowered cytotoxicity. It is speculated that Ca-PS lipopolyplex can be applied to other immune cells such as T cells and DC cells, but further research efforts are required to explore its promising potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Lai
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China,
| | - Xuebo Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China,
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China,
| | - Zichun Hua
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China, .,Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University and Jiangsu Target Pharma Laboratories Inc., Changzhou, China,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu Q, Das M, Liu Y, Huang L. Targeted drug delivery to melanoma. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 127:208-221. [PMID: 28939379 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma derived from melanocytes is the most aggressive genre of skin cancer. Although the considerable advancement in the study of human cancer biology and drug discovery, most advanced melanoma patients are inevitably unable to be cured. With the emergence of nanotechnology, the use of nano-carriers is widely expected to alter the landscape of melanoma treatment. In this review, we will discuss melanoma biology, current treatment options, mechanisms behind drug resistance, and nano-based solutions for effective anti-cancer therapy, followed by challenges and perspectives in both pre-clinical and clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC & NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Manisit Das
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yun Liu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC & NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wegrzyn RD, Lee AH, Jenkins AL, Stoddard CD, Cheever AE. Genome Editing: Insights from Chemical Biology to Support Safe and Transformative Therapeutic Applications. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:333-342. [PMID: 28992411 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Programmable nuclease-based genome editing technologies, including the clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, are becoming an essential component of many applications ranging from agriculture to medicine. However, fundamental limitations currently prevent the widespread, safe, and practical use of genome editors, especially for human disease interventions. These limitations include off-target effects, a lack of control over editing activity, suboptimal DNA repair outcomes, insufficient target conversion, and inadequate delivery performance. This perspective focuses on the potential for biological chemistry to address these limitations such that newly developed genome editing technologies can enable the broadest range of potential future applications. Equally important will be the development of these powerful technologies within a relevant ethical framework that emphasizes safety and responsible innovation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renee D Wegrzyn
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) , 675 N. Randolph St., Arlington, Virginia 22203, United States
| | - Andrew H Lee
- Booz Allen Hamilton , 3811 Fairfax Dr. Suite 600, Arlington, Virginia 22203, United States
| | - Amy L Jenkins
- Schafer: A Belcan Company , 3811 Fairfax Dr., Arlington, Virginia 22203, United States
| | - Colby D Stoddard
- Quantitative Scientific Solutions , 4601 N. Fairfax Dr. Suite 1200, Arlington, Virginia 22203, United States
| | - Anne E Cheever
- Booz Allen Hamilton , 3811 Fairfax Dr. Suite 600, Arlington, Virginia 22203, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Fan W, Yung B, Huang P, Chen X. Nanotechnology for Multimodal Synergistic Cancer Therapy. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13566-13638. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1059] [Impact Index Per Article: 151.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenpei Fan
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging,
School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Key
Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education
and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical
Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Bryant Yung
- Laboratory
of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical
Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Peng Huang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging,
School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory
of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical
Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hattori Y, Nakamura A, Hanaya S, Miyanabe Y, Yoshiike Y, Kikuchi T, Ozaki KI, Onishi H. Effect of chondroitin sulfate on siRNA biodistribution and gene silencing effect in mice after injection of siRNA lipoplexes. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
29
|
Hattori Y, Kikuchi T, Ozaki KI, Onishi H. Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo therapeutic antitumor efficacy of transduction of polo-like kinase 1 and heat shock transcription factor 1 small interfering RNA. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4300-4306. [PMID: 29067111 PMCID: PMC5647550 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic progression is regulated by the phosphorylation of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) by polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1); however, this interaction is often deregulated in tumors. High expression levels of PLK1 and HSF1 have been observed in various types of human cancer. In the present study, it was investigated whether small interfering (si)RNA against PLK1 or HSF1 could suppress tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. In vitro transfection of PLK1 and HSF1 siRNA into PKL1- and HSF1-positive human breast tumor MDA-MB-231 and human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells inhibited cell growth via suppression of PLK1 and HSF1 mRNA expression, respectively. However, the transfection of PLK1 or HSF1 siRNA did not significantly affect the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in HeLa cells. Furthermore, injection of PKL1 or HSF1 siRNA into mice with liver HeLa metastasis suppressed tumor growth. From these findings, PLK1 and HSF1 may be considered to be promising targets for antitumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Takuto Kikuchi
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Ozaki
- Education and Research Center for Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Hiraku Onishi
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xin Y, Huang M, Guo WW, Huang Q, Zhang LZ, Jiang G. Nano-based delivery of RNAi in cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:134. [PMID: 28754120 PMCID: PMC5534073 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RNA interference (RNAi), a newly developed method in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression, has recently received considerable research attention. In the development of RNAi-based therapies, nanoparticles, which have distinctive size effects along with facile modification strategies and are capable of mediating effective RNAi with targeting potential, are attracting extensive interest. Objective This review presents an overview of the mechanisms of RNAi molecules in gene therapy and the different nanoparticles used to deliver RNAi molecules; briefly describes the current uses of RNAi in cancer therapy along with the nano-based delivery of RNA molecules in previous studies; and highlights some other carriers that have been applied in clinical settings. Finally, we discuss the nano-based delivery of RNAi therapeutics in preclinical development, including the current status and limitations of anti-cancer treatment. Conclusion With the growing number of RNAi therapeutics entering the clinical phase, various nanocarriers are expected to play important roles in the delivery of RNAi molecules for cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xin
- Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Huang
- Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Wen Guo
- Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Huang
- Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhen Zhang
- Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ullah I, Muhammad K, Akpanyung M, Nejjari A, Neve AL, Guo J, Feng Y, Shi C. Bioreducible, hydrolytically degradable and targeting polymers for gene delivery. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3253-3276. [PMID: 32264392 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00275k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, synthetic gene carriers have been intensively developed owing to their promising application in gene therapy and considered as a suitable alternative to viral vectors because of several benefits. But cationic polymers still face some problems like low transfection efficiency, cytotoxicity, and poor cell recognition and internalization. The emerging engineered and smart polymers can respond to some changes in the biological environment like pH change, ionic strength change and redox potential, which is beneficial for cellular uptake. Redox-sensitive disulfide based and hydrolytically degradable cationic polymers serve as gene carriers with excellent transfection efficiency and good biocompatibility owing to degradation in the cytoplasm. Additionally, biodegradable polymeric micelles with cell-targeting function are recently emerging gene carriers, especially for the transfection of endothelial cells. In this review, some strategies for gene carriers based on these bioreducible and hydrolytically degradable polymers will be illustrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ullah
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lee DJ, He D, Kessel E, Padari K, Kempter S, Lächelt U, Rädler JO, Pooga M, Wagner E. Tumoral gene silencing by receptor-targeted combinatorial siRNA polyplexes. J Control Release 2016; 244:280-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
33
|
Hattori Y, Yoshiike Y, Kikuchi T, Yamamoto N, Ozaki KI, Onishi H. Evaluation of the injection route of an anionic polymer for small interfering RNA delivery into the liver by sequential injection of anionic polymer and cationic lipoplex of small interfering RNA. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
34
|
Delivery of RNAi Therapeutics to the Airways-From Bench to Bedside. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091249. [PMID: 27657028 PMCID: PMC6272875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a potent and specific post-transcriptional gene silencing process. Since its discovery, tremendous efforts have been made to translate RNAi technology into therapeutic applications for the treatment of different human diseases including respiratory diseases, by manipulating the expression of disease-associated gene(s). Similar to other nucleic acid-based therapeutics, the major hurdle of RNAi therapy is delivery. Pulmonary delivery is a promising approach of delivering RNAi therapeutics directly to the airways for treating local conditions and minimizing systemic side effects. It is a non-invasive route of administration that is generally well accepted by patients. However, pulmonary drug delivery is a challenge as the lungs pose a series of anatomical, physiological and immunological barriers to drug delivery. Understanding these barriers is essential for the development an effective RNA delivery system. In this review, the different barriers to pulmonary drug delivery are introduced. The potential of RNAi molecules as new class of therapeutics, and the latest preclinical and clinical studies of using RNAi therapeutics in different respiratory conditions are discussed in details. We hope this review can provide some useful insights for moving inhaled RNAi therapeutics from bench to bedside.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
RNA interference mediated gene silencing has tremendous applicability in fields ranging from basic biological research to clinical therapy. However, delivery of siRNA across the cell membrane into the cytoplasm, where the RNA silencing machinery is located, is a significant hurdle in most primary cells. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), peptides that possess an intrinsic ability to translocate across cell membranes, have been explored as a means to achieve cellular delivery of siRNA. Approaches using CPPs by themselves or through incorporation into other siRNA delivery platforms have been investigated with the intent of improving cytoplasmic delivery. Here, we review the utilization of CPPs for siRNA delivery with a focus on strategies developed to enhance cellular uptake, endosomal escape and cytoplasmic localization of CPP/siRNA complexes.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Molecular medicine opens into a space of novel specific therapeutic agents: intracellularly active drugs such as peptides, proteins or nucleic acids, which are not able to cross cell membranes and enter the intracellular space on their own. Through the development of cell-targeted shuttles for specific delivery, this restriction in delivery has the potential to be converted into an advantage. On the one hand, due to the multiple extra- and intracellular barriers, such carrier systems need to be multifunctional. On the other hand, they must be precise and reproducibly manufactured due to pharmaceutical reasons. Here we review the design of precise sequence-defined delivery carriers, including solid-phase synthesized peptides and nonpeptidic oligomers, or nucleotide-based carriers such as aptamers and origami nanoboxes.
Collapse
|
37
|
Yoon PO, Park JW, Lee CM, Kim SH, Kim HN, Ko Y, Bae SJ, Yun S, Park JH, Kwon T, Kim WS, Lee J, Lu Q, Kang HR, Cho WK, Elias JA, Yang JS, Park HO, Lee K, Lee CG. Self-assembled Micelle Interfering RNA for Effective and Safe Targeting of Dysregulated Genes in Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:6433-46. [PMID: 26817844 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.693671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The siRNA silencing approach has long been used as a method to regulate the expression of specific target genes in vitro and in vivo. However, the effectiveness of delivery and the nonspecific immune-stimulatory function of siRNA are the limiting factors for therapeutic applications of siRNAs. To overcome these limitations, we developed self-assembled micelle inhibitory RNA (SAMiRNA) nanoparticles made of individually biconjugated siRNAs with a hydrophilic polymer and lipid on their ends and characterized their stability, immune-stimulatory function, and in vivo silencing efficacy. SAMiRNAs form very stable nanoparticles with no significant degradation in size distribution and polydispersity index over 1 year. Overnight incubation of SAMiRNAs (3 μm) on murine peripheral blood mononuclear cells did not cause any significant elaboration of innate immune cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-12, or IL-6, whereas unmodified siRNAs or liposomes or liposome complexes significantly stimulated the expression of these cytokines. Last, the in vivo silencing efficacy of SAMiRNAs was evaluated by targeting amphiregulin and connective tissue growth factor in bleomycin or TGF-β transgenic animal models of pulmonary fibrosis. Intratracheal or intravenous delivery two or three times of amphiregulin or connective tissue growth factor SAMiRNAs significantly reduced the bleomycin- or TGF-β-stimulated collagen accumulation in the lung and substantially restored the lung function of TGF-β transgenic mice. This study demonstrates that SAMiRNA nanoparticle is a less toxic, stable siRNA silencing platform for efficient in vivo targeting of genes implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pyoung Oh Yoon
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Park
- the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Sung Hwan Kim
- the Inhalation Toxicology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup Campus, Jeollabuk-do 580-185, Korea, and
| | - Han-Na Kim
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Youngho Ko
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Seon Joo Bae
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Sungil Yun
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Jun Hong Park
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Taewoo Kwon
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Woo Seok Kim
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
| | - Hye-Ryun Kang
- the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Cho
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
| | - Jack A Elias
- the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Joo-Sung Yang
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Han-Oh Park
- From the Bioneer Corp., Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 306-220, Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- the Inhalation Toxicology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup Campus, Jeollabuk-do 580-185, Korea, and
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology,
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Effect of surface properties on liposomal siRNA delivery. Biomaterials 2015; 79:56-68. [PMID: 26695117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are one of the most widely investigated carriers for siRNA delivery. The surface properties of liposomal carriers, including the surface charge, PEGylation, and ligand modification can significantly affect the gene silencing efficiency. Three barriers of systemic siRNA delivery (long blood circulation, efficient tumor penetration and efficient cellular uptake/endosomal escape) are analyzed on liposomal carriers with different surface charges, PEGylations and ligand modifications. Cationic formulations dominate siRNA delivery and neutral formulations also have good performance while anionic formulations are generally not proper for siRNA delivery. The PEG dilemma (prolonged blood circulation vs. reduced cellular uptake/endosomal escape) and the side effect of repeated PEGylated formulation (accelerated blood clearance) were discussed. Effects of ligand modification on cationic and neutral formulations were analyzed. Finally, we summarized the achievements in liposomal siRNA delivery, outlined existing problems and provided some future perspectives.
Collapse
|
39
|
Altınoglu S, Wang M, Xu Q. Combinatorial library strategies for synthesis of cationic lipid-like nanoparticles and their potential medical applications. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:643-57. [PMID: 25723096 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed the high efficiency and efficacy of cationic lipids and liposomal formations for drug delivery. The tedious synthesis of conventional lipids and the inefficiency in studying structure-activity relationships, however, have hindered the clinical translation of lipid nanoparticle delivery systems. Combinatorial synthesis of lipid-like nanoparticles ('lipidoids') has recently emerged as an approach to accelerate the development of these delivery platforms. Utilizing a high-throughput screening strategy, the libraries of lipidoids are sorted and prime candidates for the delivery in the intended application can be identified and optimized for the next generation. In this review, we outline methods used for combinatorial lipidoid synthesis, the application of high-throughput screening, and the current medical applications of candidate lipidoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Altınoglu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Crowley ST, Rice KG. "Evolving nanoparticle gene delivery vectors for the liver: What has been learned in 30 years". J Control Release 2015; 219:457-470. [PMID: 26439664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nonviral gene delivery to the liver has been under evolution for nearly 30years. Early demonstrations established relatively simple nonviral vectors could mediate gene expression in HepG2 cells which understandably led to speculation that these same vectors would be immediately successful at transfecting primary hepatocytes in vivo. However, it was soon recognized that the properties of a nonviral vector resulting in efficient transfection in vitro were uncorrelated with those needed to achieve efficient nonviral transfection in vivo. The discovery of major barriers to liver gene transfer has set the field on a course to design biocompatible vectors that demonstrate increased DNA stability in the circulation with correlating expression in liver. The improved understanding of what limits nonviral vector gene transfer efficiency in vivo has resulted in more sophisticated, low molecular weight vectors that allow systematic optimization of nanoparticle size, charge and ligand presentation. While the field has evolved DNA nanoparticles that are stable in the circulation, target hepatocytes, and deliver DNA to the cytosol, breaching the nucleus remains the last major barrier to a fully successful nonviral gene transfer system for the liver. The lessons learned along the way are fundamentally important to the design of all systemically delivered nanoparticle nonviral gene delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T Crowley
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242,USA
| | - Kevin G Rice
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242,USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Erdmann N, Wölk C, Schulze I, Janich C, Folz M, Drescher S, Dittrich M, Meister A, Vogel J, Groth T, Dobner B, Langner A. Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine-based α-branched fatty acid amides - Synthesis of lipids and comparative study of transfection efficiency of their lipid formulations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 96:349-62. [PMID: 26325061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new class of cationic lipids, tris(2-aminoethyl)amine-based α-branched fatty acid amides, is described resulting in a series of lipids with specific variations in the lipophilic as well as the hydrophilic part of the lipids. In-vitro structure/transfection relationships were established by application of complexes of these lipids with plasmid DNA (pDNA) to different cell lines. The α-branched fatty acid amide bearing two tetradecyl chains and two lysine molecules (T14diLys) in mixture with the co-lipid 1,2-di-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) (1/2, n/n) exhibits effective pDNA transfer in three different cell lines, namely Hep-G2, A549, and COS-7. The presence of 10% serum during lipoplex incubation of the cells did not affect the transfection efficiency. Based on that, detailed investigations of the complexation of pDNA with the lipid formulation T14diLys/DOPE 1/2 (n/n) were carried out with respect to particle size and charge using dynamic light scattering (DLS), ζ-potential measurements, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, the lipoplex uptake was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Overall, lipoplexes prepared from T14diLys/DOPE 1/2 (n/n) offer large potential as lipid-based polynucleotide carriers and further justify advanced examinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Erdmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Wölk
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Ingo Schulze
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christopher Janich
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Manuela Folz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Drescher
- Centre for Innovation Competence - HALOmem, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Dittrich
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Center for Structure and Dynamics of Proteins (MZP), Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jürgen Vogel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biomedical Materials Group, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biomedical Materials Group, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bodo Dobner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Andreas Langner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wölk C, Janich C, Pawlowska D, Drescher S, Meister A, Hause G, Dobner B, Langner A, Brezesinski G. Lamellar versus Micellar Structures-Aggregation Behavior of a Three-Chain Cationic Lipid Designed for Nonviral Polynucleotide Transfer. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:2115-26. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
43
|
Draghici B, Ilies MA. Synthetic Nucleic Acid Delivery Systems: Present and Perspectives. J Med Chem 2015; 58:4091-130. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500330k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Draghici
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Marc A. Ilies
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
- Temple Materials Institute, 1803 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hattori Y, Arai S, Kikuchi T, Hamada M, Okamoto R, Machida Y, Kawano K. Optimization of siRNA Delivery Method into the Liver by Sequential Injection of Polyglutamic Acid and Cationic Lipoplex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/pp.2015.67032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
45
|
Kowalski PS, Kuninty PR, Bijlsma KT, Stuart MCA, Leus NGJ, Ruiters MHJ, Molema G, Kamps JAAM. SAINT-liposome-polycation particles, a new carrier for improved delivery of siRNAs to inflamed endothelial cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 89:40-7. [PMID: 25460585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Interference with acute and chronic inflammatory processes by means of delivery of siRNAs into microvascular endothelial cells at a site of inflammation demands specific, non-toxic and effective siRNA delivery system. In the current work we describe the design and characterization of siRNA carriers based on cationic pyridinium-derived lipid 1-methyl-4-(cis-9-dioleyl)methyl-pyridinium-chloride) (SAINT-C18) and the transfection enhancer protamine, complexed with siRNA/carrier DNA or siRNA only. These carriers, called SAINT-liposome-polycation-DNA (S-LPD) and SAINT-liposome-polycation (S-LP), have a high efficiency of siRNA encapsulation, low cellular toxicity, and superior efficacy of gene downregulation in endothelial cells in vitro as compared to DOTAP-LPD. Incorporation of 10 mol% PEG and anti-E-selectin antibody in these formulations resulted in selective siRNA delivery into activated endothelial cells. Furthermore, we showed that the physicochemical characteristics of S-LPD and S-LP, including size-stability and maintenance of the siRNA integrity in the presence of serum at 37 °C, comply with requirements for in vivo application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr S Kowalski
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Praneeth R Kuninty
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas T Bijlsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C A Stuart
- University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, The Netherlands; Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niek G J Leus
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel H J Ruiters
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands; Synvolux Therapeutics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Grietje Molema
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A A M Kamps
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hattori Y, Arai S, Okamoto R, Hamada M, Kawano K, Yonemochi E. Sequential intravenous injection of anionic polymer and cationic lipoplex of siRNA could effectively deliver siRNA to the liver. Int J Pharm 2014; 476:289-98. [PMID: 25290812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed novel siRNA transfer method to the liver by sequential intravenous injection of anionic polymer and cationic liposome/cholesterol-modified siRNA complex (cationic lipoplex). When cationic lipoplex was intravenously injected into mice, the accumulation of siRNA was mainly observed in the lungs. In contrast, when cationic lipoplex was intravenously injected at 1 min after intravenous injection of poly-L-glutamic acid (PGA) or chondroitin sulfate C (CS), siRNA was accumulated in the liver. In terms of suppression of gene expression in vivo, apolipoprotein B (ApoB) mRNA in the liver and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol level in serum were reduced at 48 h after single sequential injection of PGA or CS plus cationic lipoplex of cholesterol-modified ApoB siRNA. Furthermore, sequential injections of PGA plus cationic lipoplex of cholesterol-modified luciferase siRNA could reduce luciferase activity in tumor xenografts bearing liver metastasis of human breast tumor MCF-7-Luc. From these findings, sequential injection of anionic polymer and cationic lipoplex of siRNA might produce a systemic vector of siRNA to the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Shohei Arai
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Ryou Okamoto
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Megumi Hamada
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kumi Kawano
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Etsuo Yonemochi
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xu Y, Ou M, Keough E, Roberts J, Koeplinger K, Lyman M, Fauty S, Carlini E, Stern M, Zhang R, Yeh S, Mahan E, Wang Y, Slaughter D, Gindy M, Raab C, Thompson C, Hochman J. Quantitation of physiological and biochemical barriers to siRNA liver delivery via lipid nanoparticle platform. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1424-34. [PMID: 24588618 DOI: 10.1021/mp400584h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Effective delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) requires efficient cellular uptake and release into cytosol where it forms an active complex with RNAi induced silencing complex (RISC). Despite rapid developments in RNAi therapeutics, improvements in delivery efficiency of siRNA are needed to realize the full potential of this modality in broad therapeutic applications. We evaluated potential physiological and biochemical barrier(s) to the effective liver delivery of siRNA formulated in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery vehicles. The comparative siRNA delivery performance of three LNPs was investigated in rats. They were assembled with either C14- or C18-anchored PEG-lipid(s), cationic lipid(s), and various helper lipid(s) and contained the same siRNA duplex. These LNPs demonstrated differentiated potency with ED50's ranging from 0.02 to 0.25 mg/kg. The two C14-PEG-LNPs had comparable siRNA exposure in plasma and liver, while the C18-PEG-LNP demonstrated a higher plasma siRNA exposure and a slower but sustained liver uptake. RISC bound siRNA within the liver, a more proximal measure of the pharmacologically active siRNA species, displayed loading kinetics that paralleled the target mRNA knockdown profile, with greater RISC loading associated with more potent LNPs. Liver perfusion and hepatocyte isolation experiments were performed following treatment of rats with LNPs containing VivoTag-fluorescently labeled siRNA. One hour after dosing a majority of the siRNA within the liver was associated with hepatocytes and was internalized (within small subcellular vesicles) with no significant cell surface association, indicating good liver tissue penetration, hepatocellular distribution, and internalization. Comparison of siRNA amounts in hepatocytes and subcellular fractions of the three LNPs suggests that endosomal escape is a significant barrier to siRNA delivery where cationic lipid seems to have a great impact. Quantitation of Ago-2 associated siRNA revealed that after endosomal escape further loss of siRNA occurs prior to RISC loading. This quantitative assessment of LNP-mediated siRNA delivery has highlighted potential barriers with respect to endosomal escape and incomplete RISC loading for delivery optimization efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Metabolism, ‡RNA Discovery Biology, ∥Laboratory Animal Resources, and #Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19446, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Deng Y, Wang CC, Choy KW, Du Q, Chen J, Wang Q, Li L, Chung TKH, Tang T. Therapeutic potentials of gene silencing by RNA interference: Principles, challenges, and new strategies. Gene 2014; 538:217-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
49
|
Gonçalves C, Berchel M, Gosselin MP, Malard V, Cheradame H, Jaffrès PA, Guégan P, Pichon C, Midoux P. Lipopolyplexes comprising imidazole/imidazolium lipophosphoramidate, histidinylated polyethyleneimine and siRNA as efficient formulation for siRNA transfection. Int J Pharm 2014; 460:264-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
50
|
Kanasty R, Dorkin JR, Vegas A, Anderson D. Delivery materials for siRNA therapeutics. NATURE MATERIALS 2013; 12:967-77. [PMID: 24150415 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1307] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has broad potential as a therapeutic to reversibly silence any gene. To achieve the clinical potential of RNAi, delivery materials are required to transport short interfering RNA (siRNA) to the site of action in the cells of target tissues. This Review provides an introduction to the biological challenges that siRNA delivery materials aim to overcome, as well as a discussion of the way that the most effective and clinically advanced classes of siRNA delivery systems, including lipid nanoparticles and siRNA conjugates, are designed to surmount these challenges. The systems that we discuss are diverse in their approaches to the delivery problem, and provide valuable insight to guide the design of future siRNA delivery materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Kanasty
- 1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|