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Hu S, Zhao R, Chi X, Chen T, Li Y, Xu Y, Zhu B, Hu J. Unleashing the power of chlorogenic acid: exploring its potential in nutrition delivery and the food industry. Food Funct 2024; 15:4741-4762. [PMID: 38629635 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00059e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
In the contemporary era, heightened emphasis on health and safety has emerged as a paramount concern among individuals with food. The concepts of "natural" and "green" have progressively asserted dominance in the food consumption market. Consequently, through continuous exploration and development, an escalating array of natural bioactive ingredients is finding application in both nutrition delivery and the broader food industry. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenolic compound widely distributed in various plants in nature, has garnered significant attention. Abundant research underscores CGA's robust biological activity, showcasing notable preventive and therapeutic efficacy across diverse diseases. This article commences with a comprehensive overview, summarizing the dietary sources and primary biological activities of CGA. These encompass antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective activities. Next, a comprehensive overview of the current research on nutrient delivery systems incorporating CGA is provided. This exploration encompasses nanoparticle, liposome, hydrogel, and emulsion delivery systems. Additionally, the article explores the latest applications of CGA in the food industry. Serving as a cutting-edge theoretical foundation, this paper contributes to the design and development of CGA in the realms of nutrition delivery and the food industry. Finally, the article presents informed speculations and considerations for the future development of CGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumeng Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China.
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China.
| | - Runan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China.
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xuesong Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China
| | - Yangjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China
| | - Yu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China.
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China
| | - Jiangning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China
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2
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Zheng X, Yang J, Hou Y, Fang Y, Wu K, Song Y, Liu K, Zhu J. Current non-invasive strategies for brain drug delivery: overcoming blood-brain barrier transport. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:25. [PMID: 38127178 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08968-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a complex and dynamic structure that serves as a gatekeeper, restricting the migrations of most compounds and molecules from blood into the central nervous system (CNS). The BBB plays a crucial role in maintaining CNS physiological function and brain homeostasis. It can protect the CNS from the entrance of toxic and infectious agents, however, it also restricts the drug permeation into brain to play a therapeutic role. The BBB has been the biggest limiting hurdle to medications entering the brain excluding from the brain about 100% of large-molecule and more than 98% of all small-molecule neurotherapeutics. As a result, it is of inability for drug molecule to reach requisite concentrations within the brain. OBJECTIVE With the aim of enhancing drug permeability and efficacy, a variety of strategies have been developed: invasive approaches, such as intraarterial delivery, intrathecal delivery, or administrating directly the drug intraventricularly and intracerebrally; non-invasive approaches that take advantage of innate BBB functions, using prodrugs, focused ultrasound, intranasal administration or nanotechnology. CONCLUSIONS Here we mainly review recent developments and challenges related to non-invasive BBB-crossing techniques, whose benefits include higher efficacy, easier application, less treatment burden, better patient acceptability, and adherence. Additionally, we also analyze the potential of non-invasive methods in the treatment of CNS disorders and render them as a most suitable platform for the management of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingyao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yiwei Hou
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Kaiyu Wu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanna Song
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Lin PH, Huang C, Hu Y, Ramanujam VS, Lee ES, Singh R, Milbreta U, Cheung C, Ying JY, Chew SY. Neural cell membrane-coated DNA nanogels as a potential target-specific drug delivery tool for the central nervous system. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122325. [PMID: 37751670 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
A major bottleneck in drug/gene delivery to enhance tissue regeneration after injuries is to achieve targeted delivery to the cells of interest. Unfortunately, we have not been able to attain effective targeted drug delivery in tissues due to the lack of efficient delivery platforms. Since specific cell-cell interactions exist to impart the unique structure and functionality of tissues and organs, we hypothesize that such specific cellular interactions may also be harnessed for drug delivery applications in the form of cell membrane coatings. Here, we employed neural cell-derived membrane coating technique on DNA nanogels to improve target specificity. The efficacy of neural cell membrane-coated DNA nanogels (NCM-nanogels) was demonstrated by using four types of cell membranes derived from the central nervous system (CNS), namely, astrocytes, microglia, cortical neurons, and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). A successful coating of NCMs over DNA nanogels was confirmed by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential measurements and transmission electron microscopy. Subsequently, an overall improvement in cellular uptake of NCM-nanogels over uncoated DNA nanogels (p < 0.005) was seen. Additionally, we observed a selective uptake of OPC membrane-coated DNA nanogels (NCM-O mem) by oligodendrocytes over other cell types both in vitro and in vivo. Our quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results also showed selective and effective gene knockdown capacity of NCM-O mem for OPC transfection. The findings in this work may be beneficial for future drug delivery applications targeted at the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Hen Lin
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Chongquan Huang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore; Neuroscience@ NTU, Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Yuwei Hu
- NanoBio Lab, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Vaibavi Srirangam Ramanujam
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Ee-Soo Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Ruby Singh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Ulla Milbreta
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Christine Cheung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Jackie Y Ying
- NanoBio Lab, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore; NanoBio Lab, A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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Amorim JC, Carpio JM. Alpha-Naphthoflavone as a Novel Scaffold for the Design of Potential Inhibitors of the APH(3')-IIIa Nucleotide-Binding Site of Enterococcus faecalis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2351. [PMID: 37764195 PMCID: PMC10535617 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of nosocomial infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecalis is one of the major threats to global health at present. While aminoglycosides are often used to combat these infections, their effectiveness is reduced by various resistance mechanisms, including aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and there are currently no drugs to inhibit these enzymes. To address this issue, this study was conducted to identify potential aminoglycoside adjuvants from a database of 462 flavones. The affinity of these molecules with the nucleotide-binding site (NBS) of aminoglycoside phosphotransferase type IIIa of E. faecalis (EfAPH(3')-IIIa) was evaluated, and the five molecules with the highest binding energies were identified. Of these, four were naphthoflavones, suggesting that their backbone could be useful in designing potential inhibitors. The highest-ranked naphthoflavone, 2-phenyl-4H-benzo[h]chromen-4-one, was modified to generate two new derivatives (ANF2OHC and ANF2OHCC) to interact with the NBS similarly to adenine in ATP. These derivatives showed higher binding free energies, better stability in molecular dynamics analysis and superior pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles compared to the parent molecule. These findings suggest that these alpha-naphthoflavone derivatives are potential inhibitors of EfAPH(3')-IIIa and that this core may be a promising scaffold for developing adjuvants that restore the sensitivity of aminoglycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Marcelo Carpio
- Unidad Académica de Salud y Bienestar, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Av. Las Américas, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador;
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Du W, Wang T, Hu S, Luan J, Tian F, Ma G, Xue J. Engineering of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for repairing brain injury. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2023; 4:289-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
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An In-Silico Evaluation of Anthraquinones as Potential Inhibitors of DNA Gyrase B of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122434. [PMID: 36557686 PMCID: PMC9783175 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization reported that tuberculosis remains on the list of the top ten threats to public health worldwide. Among the main causes is the limited effectiveness of treatments due to the emergence of resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One of the main drug targets studied to combat M. tuberculosis is DNA gyrase, the only enzyme responsible for regulating DNA topology in this specie and considered essential in all bacteria. In this context, the present work tested the ability of 2824 anthraquinones retrieved from the PubChem database to act as competitive inhibitors through interaction with the ATP-binding pocket of DNA gyrase B of M. tuberculosis. Virtual screening results based on molecular docking identified 7122772 (N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonamide) as the best-scored ligand. From this anthraquinone, a new derivative was designed harbouring an aminotriazole moiety, which exhibited higher binding energy calculated by molecular docking scoring and free energy calculation from molecular dynamics simulations. In addition, in these last analyses, this ligand showed to be stable in complex with the enzyme and further predictions indicated a low probability of cytotoxic and off-target effects, as well as an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile. Taken together, the presented results show a new synthetically accessible anthraquinone with promising potential to inhibit the GyrB of M. tuberculosis.
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Tao Y, Zhao X, Liu X, Wang P, Huang Y, Bo R, Liu M, Li J. Oral delivery of chitosan-coated PLGA nanoemulsion loaded with artesunate alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 219:112824. [PMID: 36108369 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Artesunate (ARS) has been shown to have a protective effect on ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. However, its lack of targeting and short half-life severely hamper its efficacy. In this study, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) and chitosan (CS) double emulsification solvent volatilisation method was used to prepare a stable nanoemulsion loaded with ARS (CPA). The in vitro drug release profile was detected using dialysis and the potential protective effect was evaluated in an experimental ulcerative colitis (UC) model induced by oral administration of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). The results suggested that the mean droplet diameter of CPA nanoemulsion is 409.9 ± 9.21 nm, the polydispersity index is 0.17 ± 0.01 and the zeta potential is 40.07 ± 1.65 mV. The cumulative release curve showed the ARS was mainly released at pH 7.4, which is similar to the colonic environment. Oral administration of CPA effectively relieved DSS-induced clinical symptoms by lowering the body weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) score and impressively maintained tight junction protein expression in colon tissue when compared to the blank nanoemulsion control. Meanwhile, CPA remarkably suppressed TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation and mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) while enhanced levels of IL-10 and CD206. In addition, the effect of CPA was slightly better than that of injecting ARS. Therefore, this study demonstrates a convenient drug delivery system for oral administration of ARS that potentially helps to target colonic tissue and alleviate UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Tao
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - XiaoPan Liu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - PeiJia Wang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - YinMo Huang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - RuoNan Bo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - MingJiang Liu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - JinGui Li
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China.
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Alonso M, Barcia E, González JF, Montejo C, García-García L, Villa-Hermosilla MC, Negro S, Fraguas-Sánchez AI, Fernández-Carballido A. Functionalization of Morin-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles with Phenylalanine Dipeptide Targeting the Brain. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112348. [PMID: 36365169 PMCID: PMC9696360 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, with its incidence constantly increasing. To date, there is no cure for the disease, with a need for new and effective treatments. Morin hydrate (MH) is a naturally occurring flavonoid of the Moraceae family with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) prevents this flavonoid from reaching the CNS when aiming to potentially treat AD. Seeking to use the LAT-1 transporter present in the BBB, a nanoparticle (NPs) formulation loaded with MH and functionalized with phenylalanine-phenylalanine dipeptide was developed (NPphe-MH) and compared to non-functionalized NPs (NP-MH). In addition, two formulations were prepared using rhodamine B (Rh-B) as a fluorescent dye (NPphe-Rh and NP-Rh) to study their biodistribution and ability to cross the BBB. Functionalization of PLGA NPs resulted in high encapsulation efficiencies for both MH and Rh-B. Studies conducted in Wistar rats showed that the presence of phenylalanine dipeptide in the NPs modified their biodistribution profiles, making them more attractive for both liver and lungs, whereas non-functionalized NPs were predominantly distributed to the spleen. Formulation NPphe-Rh remained in the brain for at least 2 h after administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alonso
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilia Barcia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-94-17-41
| | - Juan-Francisco González
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Consuelo Montejo
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Luis García-García
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Brain Mapping Lab, Pluridisciplinary Research Institute, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica-Carolina Villa-Hermosilla
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Negro
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana-Isabel Fraguas-Sánchez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Carballido
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Ho PWL, Chang EES, Leung CT, Liu H, Malki Y, Pang SYY, Choi ZYK, Liang Y, Lai WS, Ruan Y, Leung KMY, Yung S, Mak JCW, Kung MHW, Ramsden DB, Ho SL. Long-term inhibition of mutant LRRK2 hyper-kinase activity reduced mouse brain α-synuclein oligomers without adverse effects. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:115. [PMID: 36088364 PMCID: PMC9464237 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration in nigrostriatal and cortical brain regions associated with pathogenic α-synuclein (αSyn) aggregate/oligomer accumulation. LRRK2 hyperactivity is a disease-modifying therapeutic target in PD. However, LRRK2 inhibition may be associated with peripheral effects, albeit with unclear clinical consequences. Here, we significantly reduced αSyn oligomer accumulation in mouse striatum through long-term LRRK2 inhibition using GNE-7915 (specific brain-penetrant LRRK2 inhibitor) without causing adverse peripheral effects. GNE-7915 concentrations in wild-type (WT) mouse sera and brain samples reached a peak at 1 h, which gradually decreased over 24 h following a single subcutaneous (100 mg/kg) injection. The same dose in young WT and LRRK2R1441G mutant mice significantly inhibited LRRK2 kinase activity (Thr73-Rab10 and Ser106-Rab12 phosphorylation) in the lung, which dissipated by 72 h post-injection. 14-month-old mutant mice injected with GNE-7915 twice weekly for 18 weeks (equivalent to ~13 human years) exhibited reduced striatal αSyn oligomer and cortical pSer129-αSyn levels, correlating with inhibition of LRRK2 hyperactivity in brain and lung to WT levels. No GNE-7915-treated mice showed increased mortality or morbidity. Unlike reports of abnormalities in lung and kidney at acute high doses of LRRK2 inhibitors, our GNE-7915-treated mice did not exhibit swollen lamellar bodies in type II pneumocytes or abnormal vacuolation in the kidney. Functional and histopathological assessments of lung, kidney and liver, including whole-body plethysmography, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum interleukin-6 (inflammatory marker) did not reveal abnormalities after long-term GNE-7915 treatment. Long-term inhibition of mutant LRRK2 hyper-kinase activity to physiological levels presents an efficacious and safe disease-modifying therapy to ameliorate synucleinopathy in PD.
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10
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Saez-Calveras N, Stuve O. The role of the complement system in Multiple Sclerosis: A review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:970486. [PMID: 36032156 PMCID: PMC9399629 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.970486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system has been involved in the pathogenesis of multiple neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions. In this review, we evaluated the possible role of complement activation in multiple sclerosis (MS) with a focus in progressive MS, where the disease pathogenesis remains to be fully elucidated and treatment options are limited. The evidence for the involvement of the complement system in the white matter plaques and gray matter lesions of MS stems from immunohistochemical analysis of post-mortem MS brains, in vivo serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarker studies, and animal models of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). Complement knock-out studies in these animal models have revealed that this system may have a “double-edge sword” effect in MS. On the one hand, complement proteins may aid in promoting the clearance of myelin degradation products and other debris through myeloid cell-mediated phagocytosis. On the other, its aberrant activation may lead to demyelination at the rim of progressive MS white matter lesions as well as synapse loss in the gray matter. The complement system may also interact with known risk factors of MS, including as Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection, and perpetuate the activation of CNS self-reactive B cell populations. With the mounting evidence for the involvement of complement in MS, the development of complement modulating therapies for this condition is appealing. Herein, we also reviewed the pharmacological complement inhibitors that have been tested in MS animal models as well as in clinical trials for other neurologic diseases. The potential use of these agents, such as the C5-binding antibody eculizumab in MS will require a detailed understanding of the role of the different complement effectors in this disease and the development of better CNS delivery strategies for these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nil Saez-Calveras
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Olaf Stuve
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Neurology Section, Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Olaf Stuve,
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Tai W, Kwok PCL. Recent advances in drug delivery to the central nervous system by inhalation. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:539-558. [PMID: 35532357 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2074975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drugs need to enter the systemic circulation efficiently before they can cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the central nervous system. Although the respiratory tract is not a common route of administration for delivering drugs to the central nervous system, it has attracted increasing interest in recent years for this purpose. AREAS COVERED In this article, we compare pulmonary delivery to three other common routes (parenteral, oral, and intranasal) for delivering drugs to the central nervous system, followed by summarising the devices used to aerosolise neurological drugs. Recent studies delivering drugs for different neurological disorders via inhalation are then discussed to illustrate the strengths of pulmonary delivery. EXPERT OPINION Recent studies provide strong evidence and rationale to support inhaling neurological drugs. Since inhalation can achieve improved pharmacokinetics and rapid onset of action for multiple drugs, it is a non-invasive and efficient method to deliver drugs to the central nervous system. Future research should focus on delivering other small and macro-molecules via the lungs for different neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waiting Tai
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Philip Chi Lip Kwok
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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12
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Markowicz-Piasecka M, Markiewicz A, Darłak P, Sikora J, Adla SK, Bagina S, Huttunen KM. Current Chemical, Biological, and Physiological Views in the Development of Successful Brain-Targeted Pharmaceutics. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:942-976. [PMID: 35391662 PMCID: PMC9294128 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges with successful pharmaceutical treatments of central nervous system (CNS) diseases is the delivery of drugs into their target sites with appropriate concentrations. For example, the physically tight blood-brain barrier (BBB) effectively blocks compounds from penetrating into the brain, also by the action of metabolizing enzymes and efflux transport mechanisms. However, many endogenous compounds, including both smaller compounds and macromolecules, like amino acids, sugars, vitamins, nucleosides, hormones, steroids, and electrolytes, have their peculiar internalization routes across the BBB. These delivery mechanisms, namely carrier-mediated transport and receptor-mediated transcytosis have been utilized to some extent in brain-targeted drug development. The incomplete knowledge of the BBB and the smaller than a desirable number of chemical tools have hindered the development of successful brain-targeted pharmaceutics. This review discusses the recent advancements achieved in the field from the point of medicinal chemistry view and discusses how brain drug delivery can be improved in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Markowicz-Piasecka
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Markiewicz
- Students Research Group, Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Patrycja Darłak
- Students Research Group, Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Sikora
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Santosh Kumar Adla
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, POB 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry (IOCB), Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 542/2, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sreelatha Bagina
- Charles River Discovery Research Services Finland Oy, Neulaniementie 4, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristiina M. Huttunen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, POB 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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13
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Shaw TK, Paul P. Recent approaches and success of liposome-based nanodrug carriers for the treatment of brain tumor. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 19:815-829. [PMID: 34961462 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666211213102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumors are nothing but a collection of neoplasms originated either from areas within the brain or from systemic metastasized tumors of other organs that have spread to the brain. It is a leading cause of death worldwide. The presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB), and some other factors may limit the entry of many potential therapeutics into the brain tissues in tumor area at the therapeutic concentration required for satisfying effectiveness. Liposomes are taking an active role in delivering many drugs through the BBB into the tumor due to their nanosize and their physiological compatibility. Further, this colloidal carrier can encapsulate both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs due to its unique structure. The surface of the liposomes can be modified with various ligands that are very specific to the numerous receptors overexpressed onto the BBB as well as onto the diseased tumor surface site (i.e., BBTB) to deliver selective drugs into the tumor site. Moreover, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect can be an added advantage for nanosize liposomes to concentrate into the tumor microenvironment through relatively leaky vasculature of solid tumor in the brain where no restriction of penetration applies compared to normal BBB. Here in this review, we have tried to compilethe recent advancement along with the associated challenges of liposomes containing different anticancer chemotherapeutics across the BBB/BBTB for the treatment of gliomas that will be very helpful for the readers for better understanding of different trends of brain tumor targeted liposomes-based drug delivery and for pursuing fruitful research on the similar research domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan K Shaw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, Kolkata, West Bengal. India
| | - Paramita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, West Bengal. India
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14
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Dluska E, Markowska‐Radomska A, Metera A, Rudniak L, Kosicki K. Mass transfer of anti‐cancer drug delivery to brain tumors by a multiple emulsion‐based implant. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Dluska
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Agata Metera
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland
| | - Leszek Rudniak
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland
| | - Konrad Kosicki
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics & Biotechnology University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland
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15
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Singh A, Mallika TN, Gorain B, Yadav AK, Tiwari S, Flora S, Shukla R, Kesharwani P. Quantum dot: Heralding a brighter future in neurodegenerative disorders. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Mhambi S, Fisher D, Tchokonte MBT, Dube A. Permeation Challenges of Drugs for Treatment of Neurological Tuberculosis and HIV and the Application of Magneto-Electric Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1479. [PMID: 34575555 PMCID: PMC8466684 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The anatomical structure of the brain at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) creates a limitation for the movement of drugs into the central nervous system (CNS). Drug delivery facilitated by magneto-electric nanoparticles (MENs) is a relatively new non-invasive approach for the delivery of drugs into the CNS. These nanoparticles (NPs) can create localized transient changes in the permeability of the cells of the BBB by inducing electroporation. MENs can be applied to deliver antiretrovirals and antibiotics towards the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infections in the CNS. This review focuses on the drug permeation challenges and reviews the application of MENs for drug delivery for these diseases. We conclude that MENs are promising systems for effective CNS drug delivery and treatment for these diseases, however, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are required to achieve translation of this approach to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinaye Mhambi
- Discipline of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - David Fisher
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | | | - Admire Dube
- Discipline of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
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17
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Design, optimization and pharmacokinetic evaluation of Piribedil loaded solid lipid nanoparticles dispersed in nasal in situ gelling system for effective management of Parkinson's disease. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120881. [PMID: 34273426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Piribedil (PBD) is an anti-Parkinson's drug that gained interest recently due to its unique pharmacological profile. But its clinical use is severely limited by drug delivery issues like high dosing frequency (up to 5 tablets/day), low oral bioavailability (<10%), severe GI side-effects, etc. In this work, we have developed solid lipid nanoparticles (PBD-SLNs) to access the nose to brain pathways for direct uptake of PBD. PBD-SLNs were optimized using design of experiments approach to a mean particle size of 358 nm, and drug loading of 15%. The optimized PBD-SLNs were found to be nearly spherical in shape and showed good stability. Further, the SLNs were loaded in thermoresponsive Methyl Cellulose in situ gel (PBD-SLN-ISG) to delay mucociliary clearance upon intranasal administration in rats. Intranasal administration at the olfactory region was achieved with a cannula-microtip setup. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed that PBD-SLN-ISG increased the PBD (AUC)brain by about 4-folds and reduced the (Cmax)plasma by 2.3-folds when compared to plain intranasal suspension of PBD (PBD-Susp). Further, PBD-Susp showed limited direct nose to brain uptake with direct transport percentage (DTP) values less than 0, while the optimized PBD-SLN-ISG showed DTP value of 27% indicating efficient direct nose to brain uptake.
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18
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Augustine R, Aqel AH, Kalva SN, Joshy KS, Nayeem A, Hasan A. Bioengineered microfluidic blood-brain barrier models in oncology research. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101087. [PMID: 33865030 PMCID: PMC8066424 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major reason for most brain tumors with up to a 50% chance of occurrence in patients with other types of malignancies. Brain metastasis occurs if cancer cells succeed to cross the 'blood-brain barrier' (BBB). Moreover, changes in the structure and function of BBB can lead to the onset and progression of diseases including neurological disorders and brain-metastases. Generating BBB models with structural and functional features of intact BBB is highly important to better understand the molecular mechanism of such ailments and finding novel therapeutic agents targeting them. Hence, researchers are developing novel in vitro BBB platforms that can recapitulate the structural and functional characteristics of BBB. Brain endothelial cells-based in vitro BBB models have thus been developed to investigate the mechanism of brain metastasis through BBB and facilitate the testing of brain targeted anticancer drugs. Bioengineered constructs integrated with microfluidic platforms are vital tools for recapitulating the features of BBB in vitro closely as possible. In this review, we outline the fundamentals of BBB biology, recent developments in the microfluidic BBB platforms, and provide a concise discussion of diverse types of bioengineered BBB models with an emphasis on the application of them in brain metastasis and cancer research in general. We also provide insights into the challenges and prospects of the current bioengineered microfluidic platforms in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Augustine
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ahmad H Aqel
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Sumama Nuthana Kalva
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - K S Joshy
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajisha Nayeem
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Mary's College, Thrissur 680020, Kerala, India
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713 Doha, Qatar.
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19
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Mutingwende FP, Kondiah PPD, Ubanako P, Marimuthu T, Choonara YE. Advances in Nano-Enabled Platforms for the Treatment of Depression. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091431. [PMID: 33946703 PMCID: PMC8124207 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has aided in the advancement of drug delivery for the treatment of several neurological disorders including depression. Depression is a relatively common mental disorder which is characterized by a severe imbalance of neurotransmitters. Several current therapeutic regimens against depression display drawbacks which include low bioavailability, delayed therapeutic outcome, undesirable side effects and drug toxicity due to high doses. The blood–brain barrier limits the entry of the drugs into the brain matrix, resulting in low bioavailability and tissue damage due to drug accumulation. Due to their size and physico-chemical properties, nanotechnological drug delivery systems present a promising strategy to enhance the delivery of nanomedicines into the brain matrix, thereby improving bioavailability and limiting toxicity. Furthermore, ligand-complexed nanocarriers can improve drug specificity and antidepressant efficacy and reduce drug toxicity. Biopolymers and nanocarriers can also be employed to enhance controlled drug release and reduce the hepatic first-pass effect, hence reducing the dosing frequency. This manuscript reviews recent advances in different biopolymers, such as polysaccharides and other nanocarriers, for targeted antidepressant drug delivery to the brain. It probes nano-based strategies that can be employed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants through the oral, intranasal, and parenteral routes of administration.
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20
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Gvoic M, Vukmirovic S, Al-Salami H, Mooranian A, Mikov M, Stankov K. Bile acids as novel enhancers of CNS targeting antitumor drugs: a comprehensive review. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 26:617-633. [PMID: 33882793 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.1916032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite a relatively low prevalence of primary brain tumors, they continuously attract scientific interest because of the complexity of their treatment due to their location behind the blood-brain barrier. The main challenge in treatment of brain tumors is not the efficacy of the drugs, per se, but the low efficiency of drug delivery to malignant cells. At the core of the problem is the complex structure of the blood-brain barrier. Nowadays, there is evidence supporting the claim that bile acids have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. That ability can be exploited by taking a part in novel drug carrier designs. Bile acids represent a drug carrier system as a part of a mixed micelle composition, bilosomes and conjugates with various drugs. This review discusses the current knowledge related to bile acid molecules as drug penetration modifying agents, with the focus on central nervous system antitumor drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Gvoic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical faculty of Novi Sad, University of Novi sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sasa Vukmirovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical faculty of Novi Sad, University of Novi sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Armin Mooranian
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical faculty of Novi Sad, University of Novi sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Karmen Stankov
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical faculty of Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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21
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Khatoon R, Alam MA, Sharma PK. Current approaches and prospective drug targeting to brain. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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22
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Bellotti E, Schilling AL, Little SR, Decuzzi P. Injectable thermoresponsive hydrogels as drug delivery system for the treatment of central nervous system disorders: A review. J Control Release 2021; 329:16-35. [PMID: 33259851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and retina, superintends to the acquisition, integration and processing of peripheral information to properly coordinate the activities of the whole body. Neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders, trauma, stroke, and brain tumors can dramatically affect CNS functions resulting in serious and life-long disabilities. Globally, the societal and economic burden associated with CNS disorders continues to grow with the ageing of the population thus demanding for more effective and definitive treatments. Despite the variety of clinically available therapeutic molecules, medical interventions on CNS disorders are mostly limited to treat symptoms rather than halting or reversing disease progression. This is attributed to the complexity of the underlying disease mechanisms as well as to the unique biological microenvironment. Given its central importance, multiple barriers, including the blood brain barrier and the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier, protect the CNS from external agents. This limits the access of drug molecules to the CNS thus contributing to the modest therapeutic successes. Loco-regional therapies based on the deposition of thermoresponsive hydrogels loaded with therapeutic agents and cells are receiving much attention as an alternative and potentially more effective approach to manage CNS disorders. In this work, the current understanding and challenges in the design of thermoresponsive hydrogels for CNS therapy are reviewed. First, the biological barriers that hinder mass and drug transport to the CNS are described, highlighting the distinct features of each barrier. Then, the realization, characterization and biomedical application of natural and synthetic thermoresponsive hydrogels are critically presented. Advantages and limitations of each design and application are discussed with the objective of identifying general rules that could enhance the effective translation of thermoresponsive hydrogel-based therapies for the treatment of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bellotti
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
| | - Andrea L Schilling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 427 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Steven R Little
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 427 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 302 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA; Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Forbes tower, Suite 7057, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
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23
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Asil SM, Ahlawat J, Barroso GG, Narayan M. Nanomaterial based drug delivery systems for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4109-4128. [PMID: 32638706 PMCID: PMC7439575 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00809e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
With an aging population that has been increasing in recent years, the need for the development of therapeutic approaches for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders (ND) has increased. ND, which are characterized by the progressive loss of the structure or function of neurons, are often associated with neuronal death. In spite of screening numerous drugs, currently there is no specific treatment that can cure these diseases or slow down their progression. Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia, Huntington's disease, and prion diseases belong to ND which affect enormous numbers of people globally. There are some main possible reasons for failure in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as limitations introduced by the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier (BCFB) and P-glycoproteins. Current advances in nanotechnology present opportunities to overcome the mentioned limitations by using nanotechnology and designing nanomaterials improving the delivery of active drug candidates. Some of the basic and developing strategies to overcome drug delivery impediments are the local delivery of drugs, receptor-mediated transcytosis, physicochemical disruption of the BBB, cell-penetrating peptides and magnetic disruption. Recently, the application of nanoparticles has been developed to improve the efficiency of drug delivery. Nanoengineered particles as nanodrugs possess the capacity to cross the BBB and also show decreased invasiveness. Examples include inorganic, magnetic, polymeric and carbonic nanoparticles that have been developed to improve drug delivery efficiency. Despite numerous papers published in this filed, there are some unsolved issues that need to be addressed for successful treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. These are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Masoudi Asil
- The Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA
| | - Jyoti Ahlawat
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA
| | | | - Mahesh Narayan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA
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24
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Nishimura T, Xu H, Iwasaki M, Karigane D, Saavedra B, Takahashi Y, Suchy FP, Monobe S, Martin RM, Ohtaka M, Nakanishi M, Burrows SR, Cleary ML, Majeti R, Shibuya A, Nakauchi H. Sufficiency for inducible Caspase-9 safety switch in human pluripotent stem cells and disease cells. Gene Ther 2020; 27:525-534. [PMID: 32704085 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-0179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have promising potential for opening new avenues in regenerative medicine. However, since the tumorigenic potential of undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is a major safety concern for clinical transplantation, inducible Caspase-9 (iC9) is under consideration for use as a fail-safe system. Here, we used targeted gene editing to introduce the iC9 system into human iPSCs, and then interrogated the efficiency of inducible apoptosis with normal iPSCs as well as diseased iPSCs derived from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML-iPSCs). The iC9 system induced quick and efficient apoptosis to iPSCs in vitro. More importantly, complete eradication of malignant cells without AML recurrence was shown in disease mouse models by using AML-iPSCs. In parallel, it shed light on several limitations of the iC9 system usage. Our results suggest that careful use of the iC9 system will serve as an important countermeasure against posttransplantation adverse events in stem cell transplantation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinobu Nishimura
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Haojun Xu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwasaki
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Advanced Health Science, Institute of Laboratory Animals, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Daiki Karigane
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Brandon Saavedra
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Fabian P Suchy
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Shinichiro Monobe
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Renata M Martin
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Manami Ohtaka
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8562, Japan
| | - Mahito Nakanishi
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8562, Japan
| | - Scott R Burrows
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Michael L Cleary
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Akira Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Life Science Center of Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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25
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T Cell Delivery of Nanoparticles-Bound Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody: Successful B Cell Depletion in the Spinal Cord during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 16:376-389. [PMID: 32514635 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We developed a nanotechnology based-cell mediated drug delivery system by loading myelin antigen-specific T cells with nanoparticles bound to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. Anti-CD20 antibody is a current treatment (ocrelizumab) for multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic, inflammatory and autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS). CD20-depletion has been associated with efficacy in active relapsing and progressive MS, but may not efficiently target inflammatory cells compartmentalized in the CNS. In our work, the intravenous transfer of T cells containing nanoparticle-anti-CD20 complex in mice causes B cell depletion in the spleen and in the brain, whereas the injection of anti-CD20 alone depletes B cells only in the spleen. Testing this system in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), animal model of MS, we found that spinal cord B cell depletion ameliorates the disease course and pathology. Graphical Abstract.
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Teixeira MI, Lopes CM, Amaral MH, Costa PC. Current insights on lipid nanocarrier-assisted drug delivery in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 149:192-217. [PMID: 31982574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is vulnerable to pathologic processes that lead to the development of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, Multiple sclerosis or Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These are chronic and progressive pathologies characterized by the loss of neurons and the formation of misfolded proteins. Additionally, neurodegenerative diseases are accompanied by a structural and functional dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although serving as a protection for the CNS, the existence of physiological barriers, especially the BBB, limits the access of several therapeutic agents to the brain, constituting a major hindrance in neurotherapeutics advancement. In this regard, nanotechnology-based approaches have arisen as a promising strategy to not only improve drug targeting to the brain, but also to increase bioavailability. Lipid nanocarriers such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), microemulsions and nanoemulsions, have already proven their potential for enhancing brain transport, crossing more easily into the CNS and allowing the administration of medicines that could benefit the treatment of neurological pathologies. Given the socioeconomic impact of such conditions and the advent of nanotechnology that inevitably leads to more effective and superior therapeutics for their management, it is imperative to constantly update on the current knowledge of these topics. Herein, we provide insight on the BBB and the pathophysiology of the main neurodegenerative disorders. Moreover, this review seeks to highlight the several approaches that can be used to improve the delivery of therapeutic agents to the CNS, while also offering an extensive overview of the latest efforts regarding the use of lipid-based nanocarriers in the management of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Teixeira
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - C M Lopes
- FP-ENAS/CEBIMED, Fernando Pessoa Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit/Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - M H Amaral
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - P C Costa
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Shakeri S, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Roghanian R, Afshar EG, Pardakhty A, Mohammadinejad R, Kumar A, Thakur VK. Multifunctional Polymeric Nanoplatforms for Brain Diseases Diagnosis, Therapy and Theranostics. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E13. [PMID: 31941057 PMCID: PMC7168063 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a barrier to prevent the central nervous system (CNS) from damage by substances that originate from the blood circulation. The BBB limits drug penetration into the brain and is one of the major clinical obstacles to the treatment of CNS diseases. Nanotechnology-based delivery systems have been tested for overcoming this barrier and releasing related drugs into the brain matrix. In this review, nanoparticles (NPs) from simple to developed delivery systems are discussed for the delivery of a drug to the brain. This review particularly focuses on polymeric nanomaterials that have been used for CNS treatment. Polymeric NPs such as polylactide (PLA), poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly (alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA), human serum albumin (HSA), gelatin, and chitosan are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahryar Shakeri
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631818356, Iran;
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran;
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Rasoul Roghanian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746, Iran;
| | - Elham Ghasemipour Afshar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7619813159, Iran;
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911319, Iran;
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911319, Iran;
| | - Anuj Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Enhanced Composites and Structures Center, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
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Cayero-Otero MD, Gomes MJ, Martins C, Álvarez-Fuentes J, Fernández-Arévalo M, Sarmento B, Martín-Banderas L. In vivo biodistribution of venlafaxine-PLGA nanoparticles for brain delivery: plain vs. functionalized nanoparticles. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:1413-1427. [PMID: 31694417 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1690452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Actually, no drugs provide therapeutic benefit to approximately one-third of depressed patients. Depression is predicted to become the first global disease by 2030. So, new therapeutic interventions are imperative.Research design and methods: Venlafaxine-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were surface functionalized with two ligands against transferrin receptor to enhance access to brain. An in vitro blood-brain barrier model using hCMEC/D3 cell line was developed to evaluate permeability. In vivo biodistribution studies were performed using C57/bl6 mice. Particles were administered intranasal and main organs were analyzed.Results: Particles were obtained as a lyophilized powder easily to re-suspend. Internalization and permeability studies showed the following cell association sequence: TfRp-NPs>Tf-NPs>plain NPs. Permeability studies also showed that encapsulated VLF was not affected by P-gP pump efflux increasing its concentration in the basolateral side after 24 h. In vivo studies showed that 25% of plain NPs reach the brain after 30 min of one intranasal administration while less than 5% of functionalized NPs get the target.Conclusions: Plain NPs showed the highest ability to reach the brain vs. functionalized NPs after 30 min by intranasal administration. We suggest plain NPs probably travel via direct nose-to-brian route whereas functionalized NPs reach the brain by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Cayero-Otero
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maria João Gomes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Martins
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Álvarez-Fuentes
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M Fernández-Arévalo
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - B Sarmento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - L Martín-Banderas
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Toomey LM, Bartlett CA, Gavriel N, McGonigle T, Majimbi M, Gopalasingam G, Rodger J, Fitzgerald M. Comparing modes of delivery of a combination of ion channel inhibitors for limiting secondary degeneration following partial optic nerve transection. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15297. [PMID: 31653948 PMCID: PMC6814709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury to the central nervous system is exacerbated by secondary degeneration. Previous research has shown that a combination of orally and locally administered ion channel inhibitors following partial optic nerve injury protects the myelin sheath and preserves function in the ventral optic nerve, vulnerable to secondary degeneration. However, local administration is often not clinically appropriate. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of systemic and local delivery of the ion channel inhibitor combination of lomerizine, brilliant blue G (BBG) and YM872, which inhibits voltage-gated calcium channels, P2X7 receptors and Ca2+ permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors respectively. Following a partial optic nerve transection, adult female PVG rats were treated with BBG and YM872 delivered via osmotic mini pump directly to the injury site, or via intraperitoneal injection, both alongside oral administration of lomerizine. Myelin structure was preserved with both delivery modes of the ion channel inhibitor combination. However, there was no effect of treatment on inflammation, either peripherally or at the injury site, or on the density of oligodendroglial cells. Taken together, the data indicate that even at lower concentrations, the combinatorial treatment may be preserving myelin structure, and that systemic and local delivery are comparable at improving outcomes following neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian M Toomey
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute Building, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute Building, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Carole A Bartlett
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nikolas Gavriel
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Terence McGonigle
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute Building, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Maimuna Majimbi
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute Building, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gopana Gopalasingam
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer Rodger
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute Building, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melinda Fitzgerald
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, 6009, Western Australia, Australia.
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute Building, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia.
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute Building, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia.
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Carpanini SM, Torvell M, Morgan BP. Therapeutic Inhibition of the Complement System in Diseases of the Central Nervous System. Front Immunol 2019; 10:362. [PMID: 30886620 PMCID: PMC6409326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system plays critical roles in development, homeostasis, and regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) throughout life; however, complement dysregulation in the CNS can lead to damage and disease. Complement proteins, regulators, and receptors are widely expressed throughout the CNS and, in many cases, are upregulated in disease. Genetic and epidemiological studies, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma biomarker measurements and pathological analysis of post-mortem tissues have all implicated complement in multiple CNS diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), neurotrauma, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). Given this body of evidence implicating complement in diverse brain diseases, manipulating complement in the brain is an attractive prospect; however, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), critical to protect the brain from potentially harmful agents in the circulation, is also impermeable to current complement-targeting therapeutics, making drug design much more challenging. For example, antibody therapeutics administered systemically are essentially excluded from the brain. Recent protocols have utilized "Trojan horse" techniques to transport therapeutics across the BBB or used osmotic shock or ultrasound to temporarily disrupt the BBB. Most research to date exploring the impact of complement inhibition on CNS diseases has been in animal models, and some of these studies have generated convincing data; for example, in models of MS, NMO, and stroke. There have been a few recent clinical trials of available anti-complement drugs in CNS diseases associated with BBB impairment, for example the use of the anti-C5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) eculizumab in NMO, but for most CNS diseases there have been no human trials of anti-complement therapies. Here we will review the evidence implicating complement in diverse CNS disorders, from acute, such as traumatic brain or spine injury, to chronic, including demyelinating, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. We will discuss the particular problems of drug access into the CNS and explore ways in which anti-complement therapies might be tailored for CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Carpanini
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Torvell
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan Paul Morgan
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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31
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Saeedi M, Eslamifar M, Khezri K, Dizaj SM. Applications of nanotechnology in drug delivery to the central nervous system. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:666-675. [PMID: 30611991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the researchers and drug designers have given growing attention to new nanotechnology strategies to improve drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). Nanotechnology has a great potential to affect the treatment of neurological disorders, mainly Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, brain tumors, and stroke. With regard to neurodegeneration, several studies showed that nanomaterials have been successfully used for the treatments of CNS disorders. In this regard, nanocarriers have facilitated the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics resulting in the efficient inhibition of disease progression in malignant brain tumors. Therefore, the most efficacious application of nanomaterials is the use of these substances in the treatment of CNS disease that enhances the overall effect of drug and highlights the importance of nano-therapeutics. This study was conducted to review the evidence on the applications of nanotechnology in designing drug delivery systems with the ability to cross through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in order to transfer the therapeutic agents to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Saeedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Eslamifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Khezri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran..
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center and Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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32
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Barcia E, Boeva L, García-García L, Slowing K, Fernández-Carballido A, Casanova Y, Negro S. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery of ropinirole for Parkinson's disease. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1112-1123. [PMID: 28782388 PMCID: PMC8241177 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1359862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new drug delivery system is developed for ropinirole (RP) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) consisting of biodegradable poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs). The formulation selected was prepared with 8 mg RP and 50 mg PLGA 502. This formulation exhibited mean encapsulation efficiency of 74.8 ± 8.2%, mean particle size lower than 155 nm, the zeta potential of -14.25 ± 0.43 mV and zero-order in vitro release of RP (14.13 ± 0.17 μg/h/10 mg NPs) for 5 d. Daily doses of the neurotoxin rotenone (2 mg/kg) given i.p. to male Wistar rats induced neuronal and behavioral changes similar to those of PD. Once neurodegeneration was established (15 d) animals received RP in saline (1 mg/kg/d for 35 d) or encapsulated within PLGA NPs (amount of NPs equivalent to 1 mg/kg/d RP every 3 d for 35 d). Brain histology and immunochemistry (Nissl-staining, glial fibrillary acidic protein and tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry) and behavioral testing (catalepsy, akinesia, rotarod and swim test) showed that RP-loaded PLGA NPs were able to revert PD-like symptoms of neurodegeneration in the animal model assayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Barcia
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Liudmila Boeva
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis García-García
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karla Slowing
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Carballido
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yaquelyn Casanova
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Negro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Hu X, Yang F, Liao Y, Li L, Zhang L. Cholesterol-PEG comodified poly (N-butyl) cyanoacrylate nanoparticles for brain delivery: in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:121-132. [PMID: 28156159 PMCID: PMC8241168 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1233590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated cholesterol–polyethylene glycol (PEG) comodified poly (ethyleneglycol)-poly (lactide) nanoparticles (CLS-PEG NPs) as a novel, biodegradable brain drug delivery system and included an evaluation of its in vitro and in vivo properties. To this end, coumarin-6 (C6), a fluorescent probe, was encapsulated into CLS-PEG NPs by an emulsion polymerization method. We reported that the use of CLS-PEG NPs led to a sustained drug release in vitro. Additionally, cell viability experiments confirmed their safety. The uptake and transport of CLS-PEG NPs, by bEnd.3 cells (an immortalized mouse brain endothelial cell line), was significantly higher than that of a control C6 solution. An investigation of the uptake mechanisms of different NP formulations demonstrated that cholesterol modifications may be the primary way to improve the efficiency of cellular uptake, wherein macropinocytosis may be the most important endocytic pathway in this process. An investigation of the transport mechanisms of CLS-PEG NPs also implicated macropinocytosis, energy and cholesterol in bEnd.3 cells lines. Following an intravenous (IV) administration to rats, pharmacokinetic experiments indicated that C6-loaded CLS-PEG NPs achieved sustained release for up to 12 h. In addition, IV delivery of CLS-PEG NPs appeared to significantly improve the ability of C6 to pass through the blood–brain barrier: the concentration of C6 found in the brain increased nearly 14.2-fold when C6 CLS-PEG NPs were used rather than a C6 solution. These in vitro and in vivo results strongly suggest that CLS-PEG NPs are a promising drug delivery system for targeting the brain, with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education , Beijing , China and
| | - Feifei Yang
- b Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Yonghong Liao
- b Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Lin Li
- a Department of Pharmacology , Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education , Beijing , China and
| | - Lan Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology , Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education , Beijing , China and
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Browne EC, Abbott BM. Recent progress towards an effective treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using the SOD1 mouse model in a preclinical setting. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:918-925. [PMID: 27012524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal and incurable neurodegenerative disorder. Motor neurone degeneration can be caused by genetic mutation but the exact etiology of the disease, particularly for sporadic illness, still remains unclear. Therapeutics which target known pathogenic mechanisms involved in ALS, such as protein aggregation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria dysfunction, are currently being pursued in order to provide neuroprotection which may be able to slow down, or perhaps even halt, disease progression. This present review focuses on the compounds which have been recently evaluated using the SOD1 mouse model, the most widely used preclinical model for ALS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisse C Browne
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Belinda M Abbott
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
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35
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Amin ML, Joo JY, Yi DK, An SSA. Surface modification and local orientations of surface molecules in nanotherapeutics. J Control Release 2015; 207:131-42. [PMID: 25883030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful tool for various therapeutic applications, solving many difficulties in both diagnosis and treatment. However, many obstacles in complex biological systems have impeded the successful application of therapeutic nanoparticles, and fine-tuning nanoparticle properties have become extremely important in developing highly effective nanomedicines. To this end, particles have been engineered in various ways, with a special emphasis on surface modifications. The nanoparticle surface contacts the biological environment, and is a crucial determinant of the response. Thus, surface coating, surface charge, conjugated molecules, shape, and topography have enormous impacts on the total behavior of nanoparticles, including their biodistribution, stability, target localization, cellular interaction, uptake, drug release, and toxicity. Hence, engineering of the particle surface would provide wider dimensions of control for the specific and precise functions in the development of smart nanomedicines. Moreover, local orientation of nanoparticles in vivo and orientations of surface molecules are critical for their efficacy. Herein, we analyze surface functionalities, focusing on their mechanisms and respective advantages, and summarize results of surface engineering and renovating applications of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Lutful Amin
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka-1217, Bangladesh
| | - Jae Yeon Joo
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy and Biotechnology, Myongji University, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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