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Ogadah CU, Mrštná K, Matysová L, Müllertz A, Rades T, Niederquell A, Šklubalová Z, Vraníková B. Comparison of the liquisolid technique and co-milling for loading of a poorly soluble drug in inorganic porous excipients. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123702. [PMID: 38086492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Drug loading into mesoporous carriers may help to improve the dissolution of poorly aqueous-soluble drugs. However, both preparation method and carrier properties influence loading efficiency and drug release. Accordingly, this study aimed to compare two preparation methods: formulation into liquisolid systems (LSS) and co-milling for their efficiency in loading the poorly soluble model drug cyclosporine A (CyA) into mesoporous magnesium aluminometasilicate Neusilin® US2 (NEU) or functionalized calcium carbonate (FCC). Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the morphology of the samples and evaluate the changes that occurred during the drug loading process. The solid-state characteristics and physical stability of the formulations, prepared at different drug concentrations, were determined using X-ray powder diffraction. In vitro release of the drug was evaluated in biorelevant media simulating intestinal fluid. The obtained results revealed improved drug release profiles of the formulations when compared to the milled (amorphous) CyA alone. The dissolution of CyA from LSS was faster in comparison to the co-milled formulations. Higher drug release was achieved from NEU than FCC formulations presumably due to the higher pore volume and larger surface area of NEU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiazor Ugo Ogadah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Kristýna Mrštná
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Ludmila Matysová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Anette Müllertz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Andreas Niederquell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Klingelbergstr. 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Zdenka Šklubalová
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Vraníková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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2
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Farzan M, Roth R, Schoelkopf J, Huwyler J, Puchkov M. The processes behind drug loading and release in porous drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023:S0939-6411(23)00141-8. [PMID: 37230292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Porous materials are ubiquitous and exhibit properties suitable for depositing therapeutic compounds. Drug loading in porous materials can protect the drug, control its release rate, and improve its solubility. However, to achieve such outcomes from porous delivery systems, effective incorporation of the drug in the internal porosity of the carrier must be guaranteed. Mechanistic knowledge of the factors influencing drug loading and release from porous carriers allows rational design of formulations by selecting a suitable carrier for each application. Much of this knowledge exists in research areas other than drug delivery. Thus, a comprehensive overview of this topic from the drug delivery aspect is warranted. This review aims to identify the loading processes and carrier characteristics influencing the drug delivery outcome with porous materials. Additionally, the kinetics of drug release from porous materials are elucidated, and the common approaches to mathematical modeling of these processes are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roger Roth
- Fundamental Research, Omya International AG, Froschackerstrasse 6, CH-4622 Egerkingen, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Schoelkopf
- Fundamental Research, Omya International AG, Froschackerstrasse 6, CH-4622 Egerkingen, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maxim Puchkov
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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3
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Lin Z, Zheng K, Azad MA, Davé RN. Preparation of Free-Flowing Spray-Dried Amorphous Composites Using Neusilin ®. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:51. [PMID: 36703032 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02511-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly porous additive, Neusilin®, with high adsorption capability is investigated to improve bulk properties, hence processability of spray-dried amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Griseofulvin (GF) is applied as a model BCS class 2 drug in ASDs. Two grades of Neusilin®, US2 (coarser) and UFL2 (finer), were used as additives to produce spray-dried amorphous composite (AC) powders, and their performance was compared with the resulting ASDs without added Neusilin®. The resulting AC powders that included Neusilin® had greatly enhanced flowability (flow function coefficient (FFC) > 10) comparable to larger particles (100 μm) yet had finer particle size (< 50 μm), hence retaining the advantage of fast dissolution rate of finer sizes. Dissolution results demonstrated that achieved GF supersaturation for AC powders with Neusilin® was as high as 3 times that of crystalline GF concentration and was achieved within 30 min. In addition, 80% of drug was released within 4 min. The flowability improvement for AC powders with Neusilin® was more significant as compared to spray-dried ASDs without Neusilin®. Thus, the role of Neusilin® in flowability improvement was evident, considering that spray-dried AC with Neusilin® UFL2 has higher FFC than ASDs having a similar size. Lastly, the AC powders retained a fully amorphous state of GF after 3-month ambient storage. The overall results conveyed that the improved flowability and dissolution rate could outweigh the loss of drug loading resulted by addition of Neusilin®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Lin
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Kai Zheng
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Mohammad A Azad
- Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering Department, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Rajesh N Davé
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
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4
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Zarinwall A, Maurer V, Pierick J, Oldhues VM, Porsiel JC, Finke JH, Garnweitner G. Amorphization and modified release of ibuprofen by post-synthetic and solvent-free loading into tailored silica aerogels. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2086-2099. [PMID: 35838584 PMCID: PMC9291651 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2092237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Promising active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) often exhibit poor aqueous solubility and thus a low bioavailability that substantially limits their pharmaceutical application. Hence, efficient formulations are required for an effective translation into highly efficient drug products. One strategy is the preservation of an amorphous state of the API within a carrier matrix, which leads to enhanced dissolution. In this work, mesoporous silica aerogels (SA) were utilized as a carrier matrix for the amorphization of the poorly water-soluble model drug ibuprofen. Loading of tailored SA was performed post-synthetically and solvent-free, either by co-milling or via the melting method. Thorough analyses of these processes demonstrated the influence of macrostructural changes during the drying and grinding process on the microstructural properties of the SA. Furthermore, interfacial SA-drug interaction properties were selectively tuned by attaching terminal hydrophilic amino- or hydrophobic methyl groups to the surface of the gel. We demonstrate that not only the chemical surface properties of the SA, but also formulation-related parameters, such as the carrier-to-drug ratio, as well as process-related parameters, such as the drug loading method, decisively influence the ibuprofen adsorption efficiency. In addition, the drug-loaded SA formulations exhibited a remarkable physical stability over a period of 6 months. Furthermore, the release behavior is shown to change considerably with different surface properties of the SA matrix. Hence, the reported results demonstrate that utilizing specifically processed and modified SA offers a compelling technique for enhancement of the bioavailability of poorly-water soluble APIs and a versatile adjustment of their release profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Zarinwall
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Viktor Maurer
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Pierick
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Victor Marcus Oldhues
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Julian Cedric Porsiel
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan Henrik Finke
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Georg Garnweitner
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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5
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Gröls J, Tasso Guaraldo T, Herdes C, Mattia D, Castro Dominguez B. Metal Oxide Foams for Pharmaceutical Amorphization. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00211f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The amorphization of pharmaceutical crystals is an effective strategy to enhance the bioavailability of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). However, this process can be challenging as these supramolecular structures...
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6
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Donnadio A, Corneli C, Ricci P, Bini M, Ambrogi V. Use of calcium carbonate as an excipient for release of poorly water soluble drugs: The case of carbamazepine. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119860. [PMID: 32911048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a poorly water soluble drug owing to the Biopharmaceutic Classification System (BCS) class II. It is characterized by a variable bioavailability and by the presence of different polymorphs. In this paper the effects of CaCO3 on the physicochemical properties of CBZ and its solubility and release were evaluated. CaCO3 is a naturally non-toxic biomineral and was chosen because it is a safe, cheap and eco-friendly excipient able to dissolve in an acidic environment. Composites with different CBZ loadings were prepared by ball milling and antisolvent method. The composites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry analysis and attenuated total reflectance FT-IR which revealed that both the presence of CaCO3 and the preparation procedure affect the polymorphic form crystallinity and intermolecular interactions among the drug molecules. Scanning electron microscopy showed that small drug crystals with different crystalline forms were deposited on the surface of the CaCO3 particles. Solubility and dissolution tests showed an increase in the apparent solubility of CBZ and improved drug release. These results demonstrated that CaCO3 affected the drug release properties likely due to its pH-sensitive characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Donnadio
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Carolina Corneli
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Ricci
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marzia Bini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Valeria Ambrogi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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7
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Zhu P, Zhou L, Song Y, Cai L, Ji M, Wang J, Ruan G, Chen J. Encapsulating insoluble antifungal drugs into oleic acid-modified silica mesocomposites with enhanced fungicidal activity. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4899-4907. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00106f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oleic acid-modified silica mesocomposites as an insoluble antifungal drug cargo matrix with enhanced fungicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhu
- Center for Global Health
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 211166
- China
| | - Liuzhu Zhou
- Center for Global Health
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 211166
- China
| | - Yiyan Song
- Center for Global Health
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 211166
- China
| | - Ling Cai
- Center for Global Health
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 211166
- China
| | - Minghui Ji
- School of Nursing
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 211166
- China
| | - Jun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing University
| | - Gang Ruan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Nanjing University
| | - Jin Chen
- Center for Global Health
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 211166
- China
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8
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Nuances in the Calculation of Amorphous Solubility Enhancement Ratio. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3560-3574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Assaf SM, Subhi Khanfar M, Bassam Farhan A, Said Rashid I, Badwan AA. Preparation and characterization of co-processed starch/MCC/chitin hydrophilic polymers onto magnesium silicate. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 24:761-774. [PMID: 30888873 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1596131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It was aimed to investigate the compressibility, compactibility, powder flow and tablet disintegration of a new excipient comprising magnesium (Mg) silicate co-processed (5%-85% w/w) onto chitin, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and starch as the hydrophilic polymers of interest. Initially, the mechanism of tablet disintegration was studied by measuring water infiltration rate, moisture sorption, swelling capacity and hydration ability. Moreover, the powders compression behavior was carried out by applying Kawakita model of compression analysis in addition to porosity and radial tensile strength measurements. In vitro drug release of compacts made of 400 mg ibuprofen and 300 mg of the hydrophilic polymers containing 30% w/w Mg silicate co-precipitate was investigated in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8). This work demonstrated that the incorporation of Mg silicate to the hydrophilic polymers lead to the improvement of powder flowability, compactibility, stability (with regard to storage conditions), compacts crushing strength, and disintegration time in addition to faster drug release. The overall findings are practically advantageous in the context of finding a low cost and multifunctional co-processed excipient of natural origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen M Assaf
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Mai Subhi Khanfar
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Ahmed Bassam Farhan
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Iyad Said Rashid
- b Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company , Amman , Jordan
| | - Adnan Ali Badwan
- b Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company , Amman , Jordan
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10
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Descamps M, Willart JF. Scaling laws and size effects for amorphous crystallization kinetics: Constraints imposed by nucleation and growth specificities. Int J Pharm 2018; 542:186-195. [PMID: 29510175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper we review different aspects of the crystallization of amorphous compounds in relation to specificities of the nucleation and growth rates. Its main purpose is: i) to underline the interest of a scaling analysis of recrystallization kinetics to identify similarities or disparities of experimental kinetic regimes. ii) to highlight the intrinsic link between the nucleation rate and growth rate with a temperature dependent characteristic transformation time τ(T), and a characteristic size ξ(T). The consequences on the influence of the sample size on kinetics of crystallization is considered. The significance of size effect and confinement for amorphous stabilization in the pharmaceutical sciences is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Descamps
- Université de Lille, CNRS UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jean-François Willart
- Université de Lille, CNRS UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France
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Biocompatible Zr-based nanoscale MOFs coated with modified poly(ε-caprolactone) as anticancer drug carriers. Int J Pharm 2016; 509:208-218. [PMID: 27235556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale Zr-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) UiO-66 and UiO-67 were studied as potential anticancer drug delivery vehicles. Two model drugs were used, hydrophobic paclitaxel and hydrophilic cisplatin, and were adsorbed onto/into the nano MOFs (NMOFs). The drug loaded MOFs were further encapsulated inside a modified poly(ε-caprolactone) with d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate polymeric matrix, in the form of microparticles, in order to prepare sustained release formulations and to reduce the drug toxicity. The drugs physical state and release rate was studied at 37°C using Simulated Body Fluid. It was found that the drug release depends on the interaction between the MOFs and the drugs while the controlled release rates can be attributed to the microencapsulated formulations. The in vitro antitumor activity was assessed using HSC-3 (human oral squamous carcinoma; head and neck) and U-87 MG (human glioblastoma grade IV; astrocytoma) cancer cells. Cytotoxicity studies for both cell lines showed that the polymer coated, drug loaded MOFs exhibited better anticancer activity compared to free paclitaxel and cisplatin solutions at different concentrations.
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12
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Unintended and in situ amorphisation of pharmaceuticals. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 100:126-32. [PMID: 26724250 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Amorphisation of poorly water-soluble drugs is one approach that can be applied to improve their solubility and thus their bioavailability. Amorphisation is a process that usually requires deliberate external energy input. However, amorphisation can happen both unintentionally, as in process-induced amorphisation during manufacturing, or in situ during dissolution, vaporisation, or lipolysis. The systems in which unintended and in situ amorphisation has been observed normally contain a drug and a carrier. Common carriers include polymers and mesoporous silica particles. However, the precise mechanisms by which in situ amorphisation occurs are often not fully understood. In situ amorphisation can be exploited and performed before administration of the drug or possibly even within the gastrointestinal tract, as can be inferred from in situ amorphisation observed during in vitro lipolysis. The use of in situ amorphisation can thus confer the advantages of the amorphous form, such as higher apparent solubility and faster dissolution rate, without the disadvantage of its physical instability.
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