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Kwon JY, Maeng YS. Human Cord Blood Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Pregnancy Complications (Preeclampsia, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, and Fetal Growth Restriction). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4444. [PMID: 38674031 PMCID: PMC11050478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemangioblasts give rise to endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which also express the cell surface markers CD133 and c-kit. They may differentiate into the outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) that control neovascularization in the developing embryo. According to numerous studies, reduced levels of EPCs in circulation have been linked to human cardiovascular disorders. Furthermore, preeclampsia and senescence have been linked to levels of EPCs produced from cord blood. Uncertainties surround how preeclampsia affects the way EPCs function. It is reasonable to speculate that preeclampsia may have an impact on the function of fetal EPCs during the in utero period; however, the present literature suggests that maternal vasculopathies, including preeclampsia, damage fetal circulation. Additionally, the differentiation potential and general activity of EPCs may serve as an indicator of the health of the fetal vascular system as they promote neovascularization and repair during pregnancy. Thus, the purpose of this review is to compare-through the assessment of their quantity, differentiation potency, angiogenic activity, and senescence-the angiogenic function of fetal EPCs obtained from cord blood for normal and pregnancy problems (preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and fetal growth restriction). This will shed light on the relationship between the angiogenic function of fetal EPCs and pregnancy complications, which could have an effect on the management of long-term health issues like metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in offspring with abnormal vasculature development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Young Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women’s Life Medical Science, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sun Maeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women’s Life Medical Science, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Chen Y, Wan G, Li Z, Liu X, Zhao Y, Zou L, Liu W. Endothelial progenitor cells in pregnancy-related diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1699-1719. [PMID: 37986615 PMCID: PMC10665129 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Placental neovascularization plays a crucial role in fetomaternal circulation throughout pregnancy and is dysregulated in several pregnancy-related diseases, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and fetal growth restriction. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells that differentiate into mature endothelial cells, which influence vascular homeostasis, neovascularization, and endothelial repair. Since their discovery in 1997 by Asahara et al., the role of EPCs in vascular biology has garnered a lot of interest. However, although pregnancy-related conditions are associated with changes in the number and function of EPCs, the reported findings are conflicting. This review discusses the discovery, isolation, and classification of EPCs and highlights discrepancies between current studies. Overviews of how various diseases affect the numbers and functions of EPCs, the role of EPCs as biomarkers of pregnancy disorders, and the potential therapeutic applications involving EPCs are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Gui Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zeyun Li
- The First Clinical School of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weifang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Singh A, Jaiswar SP, Priyadarshini A, Deo S. Reduced Endothelial Progenitor Cells: A Possible Biomarker for Idiopathic Fetal Growth Restriction in Human Pregnancies. JOURNAL OF MOTHER AND CHILD 2023; 27:182-189. [PMID: 37991978 PMCID: PMC10664836 DOI: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20232701.d-23-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may be necessary throughout pregnancy by ensuring proper placentation and embryonic growth. The lack of standardized EPC quantification techniques has prevented conclusive proof of an increase in EPC during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine whether EPC levels change for healthy and idiopathic fetal growth restriction (FGR) pregnancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 48 healthy pregnant females with no previous history of IUGR (10 in the first trimester, 15 in the second, and 23 in the third), 48 women with pregnancy complicated by idiopathic FGR, and 15 non-pregnant women. By using flow cytometry, EPCs in maternal blood were recognized as CD45dim/CD34/KDR cells. ELISA was used to measure plasmatic cytokines. RESULTS We ascertained a progressive rise in EPCs in healthy pregnancies that was apparent in the first but more pronounced in the third trimester. At comparable gestational ages, FGR-complicated pregnancies had impaired EPC growth. Placental growth factor and stromal-derived factor-1 levels in the blood were significantly lower in FGR than in healthy pregnancies, which may have contributed to the degradation of the EPCs. CONCLUSION The count in EPCs might hold considerable promise toward developing a peculiar authentication marker for observing pregnancies, and could be the focus of cutting-edge tactics for the prognosis and treatment of FGR pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
- Photobiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow
| | - Shyam Pyari Jaiswar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
| | - Apala Priyadarshini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
| | - Sujata Deo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
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Bell A, Watt AP, Dudink I, Pham Y, Sutherland AE, Allison BJ, McDonald CA, Castillo-Melendez M, Jenkin G, Malhotra A, Miller SL, Yawno T. Endothelial colony forming cell administration promotes neurovascular unit development in growth restricted and appropriately grown fetal lambs. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:29. [PMID: 36788590 PMCID: PMC9930266 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with deficits in the developing brain, including neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) can mediate improved vascular stability, and have demonstrated potential to enhance vascular development and protection. This investigation examined whether ECFCs from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) enhanced NVU development in FGR and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetal sheep. METHODS Twin-bearing ewes had surgery performed at 88-90 days' gestation, inducing FGR in one fetus. At 113 days, ECFCs (1 × 107 cells) cultured from human UCB were administered intravenously to fetal sheep in utero. At 127 days, ewes and their fetuses were euthanised, fetal brains collected, and NVU components analysed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Twenty-four fetal lambs, arranged in four groups: AGA (n = 7), FGR (n = 5), AGA + ECFC (n = 6), and FGR + ECFC (n = 6), were included in analyses. FGR resulted in lower body weight than AGA (P = 0.002) with higher brain/body weight ratio (P = 0.003). ECFC treatment was associated with increased vascular density throughout the brain in both AGA + ECFC and FGR + ECFC groups, as well as increased vascular-astrocyte coverage and VEGF expression in the cortex (P = 0.003, P = 0.0006, respectively) and in the subcortical white matter (P = 0.01, P = 0.0002, respectively) when compared with the untreated groups. CONCLUSIONS ECFC administration enhanced development of NVU components in both the AGA and FGR fetal brain. Further investigation is required to assess how to optimise the enhanced angiogenic capabilities of ECFCs to provide a therapeutic strategy to protect the developing NVU against vulnerabilities associated with FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bell
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ashalyn P. Watt
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ingrid Dudink
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yen Pham
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy E. Sutherland
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Beth J. Allison
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Courtney A. McDonald
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Graham Jenkin
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Atul Malhotra
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia. .,Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Suzanne L. Miller
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tamara Yawno
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168 Australia
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Simoncini S, Coppola H, Rocca A, Bachmann I, Guillot E, Zippo L, Dignat-George F, Sabatier F, Bedel R, Wilson A, Rosenblatt-Velin N, Armengaud JB, Menétrey S, Peyter AC, Simeoni U, Yzydorczyk C. Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells Dysfunctions Are Associated with Arterial Hypertension in a Rat Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10159. [PMID: 34576323 PMCID: PMC8465555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants born after intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are at risk of developing arterial hypertension at adulthood. The endothelium plays a major role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), critical circulating components of the endothelium, are involved in vasculo-and angiogenesis and in endothelium repair. We previously described impaired functionality of ECFCs in cord blood of low-birth-weight newborns. However, whether early ECFC alterations persist thereafter and could be associated with hypertension in individuals born after IUGR remains unknown. A rat model of IUGR was induced by a maternal low-protein diet during gestation versus a control (CTRL) diet. In six-month-old offspring, only IUGR males have increased systolic blood pressure (tail-cuff plethysmography) and microvascular rarefaction (immunofluorescence). ECFCs isolated from bone marrow of IUGR versus CTRL males displayed a decreased proportion of CD31+ versus CD146+ staining on CD45- cells, CD34 expression (flow cytometry, immunofluorescence), reduced proliferation (BrdU incorporation), and an impaired capacity to form capillary-like structures (Matrigel test), associated with an impaired angiogenic profile (immunofluorescence). These dysfunctions were associated with oxidative stress (increased superoxide anion levels (fluorescent dye), decreased superoxide dismutase protein expression, increased DNA damage (immunofluorescence), and stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS; increased beta-galactosidase activity, increased p16INK4a, and decreased sirtuin-1 protein expression). This study demonstrated an impaired functionality of ECFCs at adulthood associated with arterial hypertension in individuals born after IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Simoncini
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAe), Center from Cardiovascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), UMR-S 1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Campus Santé, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.S.); (F.D.-G.); (F.S.)
| | - Hanna Coppola
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Angela Rocca
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Isaline Bachmann
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Estelle Guillot
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Leila Zippo
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAe), Center from Cardiovascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), UMR-S 1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Campus Santé, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.S.); (F.D.-G.); (F.S.)
| | - Florence Sabatier
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAe), Center from Cardiovascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), UMR-S 1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Campus Santé, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.S.); (F.D.-G.); (F.S.)
| | - Romain Bedel
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Formation and Research, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Anne Wilson
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Formation and Research, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.B.); (A.W.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Rosenblatt-Velin
- Department Heart-Vessels, Division of Angiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Jean-Baptiste Armengaud
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Steeve Menétrey
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Neonatal Research Laboratory, Clinic of Neonatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.M.); (A.-C.P.)
| | - Anne-Christine Peyter
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Neonatal Research Laboratory, Clinic of Neonatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.M.); (A.-C.P.)
| | - Umberto Simeoni
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Catherine Yzydorczyk
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells Dysfunctions and Cardiometabolic Disorders: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136667. [PMID: 34206404 PMCID: PMC8267891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of several disorders, such as hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Despite health policies based on the promotion of physical exercise, the reduction of calorie intake and the consumption of healthy food, there is still a global rise in the incidence and prevalence of MetS in the world. This phenomenon can partly be explained by the fact that adverse events in the perinatal period can increase the susceptibility to develop cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. Individuals born after intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are particularly at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic disorders later in life. It has been shown that alterations in the structural and functional integrity of the endothelium can lead to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. The endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are circulating components of the endothelium playing a major role in vascular homeostasis. An association has been found between the maintenance of endothelial structure and function by EPCs and their ability to differentiate and repair damaged endothelial tissue. In this narrative review, we explore the alterations of EPCs observed in individuals with cardiometabolic disorders, describe some mechanisms related to such dysfunction and propose some therapeutical approaches to reverse the EPCs dysfunction.
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Brown N, Khan F, Alshaikh B, Berka N, Liacini A, Alawad E, Yusuf K. CD-34 + and VE-cadherin + endothelial progenitor cells in preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancies. Pregnancy Hypertens 2019; 16:42-47. [PMID: 31056159 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to determine levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in preeclampsia and normotensive pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study of women with preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancies. EPCs were estimated by flow cytometry. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association of EPCs with preeclampsia adjusting for maternal age, body mass index (BMI), gestation and ethnicity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Levels of EPCs in preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancies, with CD-34 and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin as markers of EPCs. VE-cadherin is an endothelial cell adhesion molecule used to delineate endothelial lineage of EPCs. RESULTS There were thirty women in the preeclampsia group and thirty-three in the normotensive group. The two groups were similar except for the BMI and blood pressures, which were higher in preeclampsia. On multiple linear regression, EPCs numbers were significantly higher by 29 (95% confidence interval 11.7-46.6, p = 0.001) in preeclampsia compared to the normotensive group. There was significant positive correlation between EPCs and systolic blood pressure in preeclampsia (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.39, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Although widely used in cardiovascular disease other than preeclampsia, this is the first study using VE-cadherin as a marker of endothelial lineage to define EPCs in preeclampsia. Our results suggest the higher number of EPCs in preeclampsia may be a response of the bone marrow to endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Brown
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Faisal Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Noureddine Berka
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abdelhamid Liacini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Essa Alawad
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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8
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Umbilical cord blood cells for treatment of cerebral palsy; timing and treatment options. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:333-344. [PMID: 28937975 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of physical disability in children, and there is no cure. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) cell therapy for the treatment of children with cerebral palsy is currently being assessed in clinical trials. Although there is much interest in the use of UCB stem cells for neuroprotection and neuroregeneration, the mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Further, UCB contains many stem and progenitor cells of interest, and we will point out that individual cell types within UCB may elicit specific effects. UCB is a clinically proven source of hemotopoietic stem cells (HSCs). It also contains mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and immunosupressive cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) and monocyte-derived supressor cells. Each of these cell types may be individual candidates for the prevention of brain injury following hypoxic and inflammatory events in the perinatal period. We will discuss specific properties of cell types in UCB, with respect to their therapeutic potential and the importance of optimal timing of administration. We propose that tailored cell therapy and targeted timing of administration will optimize the results for future clinical trials in the neuroprotective treatment of perinatal brain injury.
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9
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Gumina DL, Black CP, Balasubramaniam V, Winn VD, Baker CD. Umbilical Cord Blood Circulating Progenitor Cells and Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells Are Decreased in Preeclampsia. Reprod Sci 2016; 24:1088-1096. [PMID: 27879452 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116678692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disease characterized by the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria. Mothers with PE are known to develop endothelial dysfunction, but its effect on infants has been understudied, as newborns are often asymptomatic. Recent studies indicate that infants born from preeclamptic pregnancies develop endothelial dysfunction including higher blood pressure during childhood and an increased risk of stroke later in life. We hypothesize that PE reduces the number and function of fetal angiogenic progenitor cells and may contribute to this increased risk. We quantified 2 distinct types of angiogenic progenitors, pro-angiogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) and endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), from the umbilical cord blood of preeclamptic pregnancies and normotensive controls. Pro-angiogenic and nonangiogenic CPCs were enumerated via flow cytometry and ECFCs by cell culture. Additionally, we studied the growth, migration, and tube formation of ECFCs from PE and gestational age-matched normotensive control pregnancies. We found that PE resulted in decreased cord blood pro-angiogenic CPCs and ECFCs. Nonangiogenic CPCs were also decreased. Preeclamptic ECFCs demonstrated decreased growth and migration but formed tube-like structures in vitro similar to controls. Our results suggest that the preeclamptic environment alters the number and function of angiogenic progenitor cells and may increase the risk of later vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane L Gumina
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Claudine P Black
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Heart Lung Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vivek Balasubramaniam
- 3 Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Virginia D Winn
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- 4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Authors contributed equally to the article
| | - Christopher D Baker
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Heart Lung Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Authors contributed equally to the article
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Onoyama S, Qiu L, Low HP, Chang CI, Strohsnitter WC, Norwitz ER, Lopresti M, Edmiston K, Lee IM, Trichopoulos D, Lagiou P, Hsieh CC. Prenatal Maternal Physical Activity and Stem Cells in Umbilical Cord Blood. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [PMID: 26197028 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early life processes, through influence on fetal stem cells, affect postnatal and adult health outcomes. This study examines the effects of physical activity before and during pregnancy on stem cell counts in umbilical cord blood. METHODS We isolated mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood samples from 373 singleton full-term pregnancies and quantified hematopoietic (CD34(+), CD34(+)CD38(-), and CD34(+) c-kit(+)), endothelial (CD34(+)CD133(+), CD34(+)CD133(+)VEGFR2(+), CD34(+)VEGFR2(+), and CD133(+)VEGFR2(+)), and putative breast (EpCAM(+), EpCAM(+)CD49f(+), EpCAM(+)CD49f(+)CD117(+), CD49f(+)CD24(+), CD24(+)CD29(+), and CD24(+)CD29(+)CD49f(+)) stem/progenitor cell subpopulations by flow cytometry. Information on physical activities before and during pregnancy was obtained from questionnaires. Weekly energy expenditure was estimated based on metabolic equivalent task values. RESULTS Prepregnancy vigorous exercise was associated positively with levels of endothelial CD34(+)CD133(+), CD34(+)CD133(+)VEGFR2(+), CD34(+)VEGFR2(+), and CD133(+)VEGFR2(+ )progenitor cell populations (P = 0.02, P = 0.01, P = 0.001, and P = 0.003, respectively); positive associations were observed in samples from the first births and those from the second or later births. Prepregnancy moderate and light exercises and light exercise during the first trimester were not significantly associated with any stem/progenitor cell population. Light exercise during the second trimester was positively associated with CD34(+)VEGFR2(+) endothelial progenitor cells (P = 0.03). In addition, levels of EpCAM(+)CD49f(+) and CD49f(+)CD24(+) breast stem cells were significantly lower among pregnant women who engaged in vigorous/moderate exercise during pregnancy (P = 0.05 and P = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Vigorous exercise before pregnancy increases the number of endothelial progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood and thus could potentially enhance endothelial function and improve cardiovascular fitness in the offspring. Findings of lower levels of putative breast stem cell subpopulations could have implications on exercise and breast cancer prevention. Prenatal effects of exercise on fetal stem cells warrant further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagano Onoyama
- 1Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA; 3Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA; 4Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 5Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and 6Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, Athens, GREECE
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11
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Bertagnolli M, Nuyt AM, Thébaud B, Luu TM. Endothelial Progenitor Cells as Prognostic Markers of Preterm Birth-Associated Complications. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:7-13. [PMID: 28170188 PMCID: PMC5442749 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is associated with alteration of the vascular tree that can result in disease states such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity during the neonatal period and emphysema and hypertension in adulthood. Studies have suggested a potential role for endothelial progenitor cells in the pathophysiology of prematurity-related complications involving blood vessels; however, this knowledge has never been synthesized. We conducted a systematic review of the published data to examine the characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells in relation to preterm birth in humans. Preterm infants compared with term controls displayed similar or increased circulating/cord blood endothelial progenitor cell counts. However, the preterm endothelial progenitor cells were more vulnerable to exogenous factors such as oxidative stress. A reduced number, in particular of endothelial colony-forming cells, was associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. No studies have examined endothelial progenitor cells beyond the neonatal period. These findings could prove useful in the identification of biomarkers for prognostication or therapeutic strategies for vascular-related diseases in preterm-born individuals. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:7-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Bertagnolli
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte‐Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte‐Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Department of Pediatrics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thuy Mai Luu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte‐Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Solomon I, O'Reilly M, Ionescu L, Alphonse RS, Rajabali S, Zhong S, Vadivel A, Shelley WC, Yoder MC, Thébaud B. Functional Differences Between Placental Micro- and Macrovascular Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:291-300. [PMID: 26819255 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the development of the placental vasculature can lead to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia. Currently, the cause of preeclampsia is unknown, and there are no specific prevention or treatment strategies. Further insight into the placental vasculature may aid in identifying causal factors. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are a subset of endothelial progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and de novo vessel formation in vitro. We hypothesized that ECFCs exist in the micro- and macrovasculature of the normal, term human placenta. Human placentas were collected from term pregnancies delivered by cesarean section (n = 16). Placental micro- and macrovasculature was collected from the maternal and fetal side of the placenta, respectively, and ECFCs were isolated and characterized. ECFCs were CD31(+), CD105(+), CD144(+), CD146(+), CD14(-), and CD45(-), took up 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate-labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein, and bound Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1. In vitro, macrovascular ECFCs had a greater potential to generate high-proliferative colonies and formed more complex capillary-like networks on Matrigel compared with microvascular ECFCs. In contrast, in vivo assessment demonstrated that microvascular ECFCs had a greater potential to form vessels. Macrovascular ECFCs were of fetal origin, whereas microvascular ECFCs were of maternal origin. ECFCs exist in the micro- and macrovasculature of the normal, term human placenta. Although macrovascular ECFCs demonstrated greater vessel and colony-forming potency in vitro, this did not translate in vivo, where microvascular ECFCs exhibited a greater vessel-forming ability. These important findings contribute to the current understanding of normal placental vascular development and may aid in identifying factors involved in preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Solomon
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Megan O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lavinia Ionescu
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rajesh S Alphonse
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Saima Rajabali
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shumei Zhong
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arul Vadivel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Chris Shelley
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Qiu L, Onoyama S, Low HP, Chang CI, Strohsnitter WC, Norwitz ER, Lopresti M, Edmiston K, Lambe M, Trichopoulos D, Lagiou P, Hsieh CC. Effect of preeclampsia on umbilical cord blood stem cells in relation to breast cancer susceptibility in the offspring. Carcinogenesis 2014; 36:94-8. [PMID: 25398884 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Women born from a preeclamptic (PE) pregnancy are associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. Prenatal and early-life exposures are hypothesized to influence breast cancer susceptibility through their effect on stem cells. We examined stem cell populations in umbilical cord blood from PE pregnancies and compared with those from pregnancies without this condition. We isolated mononuclear cells from 58 PE and 197 normotensive (non-PE) umbilical cord blood samples and examined the different stem cell populations. Hematopoietic (CD34(+) and CD34(+)CD38(-)), endothelial (CD34(+)CD133(+), CD34(+)VEGFR2(+), CD133(+)VEGFR2(+) and CD34(+)CD133(+)VEGFR2(+)), and putative breast (EpCAM(+), EpCAM(+)CD49f(+), EpCAM(+)CD49f(+)CD117(+), CD49f(+)CD24(+), CD24(+)CD29(+) and CD24(+)CD29(+)CD49f(+)) stem/progenitor cell subpopulations were quantified by flow cytometry and compared between PE and non-PE samples. Hematopoietic CD34(+) cell counts were significantly lowered in PE compared with non-PE samples (P = 0.039, Kruskal-Wallis test). Levels of CD34(+)CD133(+) endothelial progenitor cells were also lower in PE samples (P = 0.032, multiple regression analysis). EpCAM(+) and EpCAM(+)CD49f(+) putative breast stem cell levels were significantly lowered in PE subjects (multiple regression analysis: P = 0.038 and 0.007, respectively). Stratifying by newborn gender, EpCAM(+) and EpCAM(+)CD49f(+) stem cells were significantly lowered in PE samples of female, but not male, newborns. Umbilical cord blood samples from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia thus had significantly lower levels of hematopoietic, endothelial, and putative breast stem cells than non-PE controls. With a lowered breast cancer risk for offspring of a PE pregnancy, our findings provide support to the hypothesis that susceptibility to breast oncogenesis may be affected by conditions and processes during the prenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, SE171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Sagano Onoyama
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, SE171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Hoi Pang Low
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, SE171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Chien-I Chang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, SE171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Errol R Norwitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Mary Lopresti
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Kathryn Edmiston
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Mats Lambe
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, SE171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Chung-Cheng Hsieh
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, SE171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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14
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Li J, McDonald CA, Fahey MC, Jenkin G, Miller SL. Could cord blood cell therapy reduce preterm brain injury? Front Neurol 2014; 5:200. [PMID: 25346720 PMCID: PMC4191167 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Major advances in neonatal care have led to significant improvements in survival rates for preterm infants, but this occurs at a cost, with a strong causal link between preterm birth and neurological deficits, including cerebral palsy (CP). Indeed, in high-income countries, up to 50% of children with CP were born preterm. The pathways that link preterm birth and brain injury are complex and multifactorial, but it is clear that preterm birth is strongly associated with damage to the white matter of the developing brain. Nearly 90% of preterm infants who later develop spastic CP have evidence of periventricular white matter injury. There are currently no treatments targeted at protecting the immature preterm brain. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) contains a diverse mix of stem and progenitor cells, and is a particularly promising source of cells for clinical applications, due to ethical and practical advantages over other potential therapeutic cell types. Recent studies have documented the potential benefits of UCB cells in reducing brain injury, particularly in rodent models of term neonatal hypoxia–ischemia. These studies indicate that UCB cells act via anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory effects, and release neurotrophic growth factors to support the damaged and surrounding brain tissue. The etiology of brain injury in preterm-born infants is less well understood than in term infants, but likely results from episodes of hypoperfusion, hypoxia–ischemia, and/or inflammation over a developmental period of white matter vulnerability. This review will explore current knowledge about the neuroprotective actions of UCB cells and their potential to ameliorate preterm brain injury through neonatal cell administration. We will also discuss the characteristics of UCB-derived from preterm and term infants for use in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Li
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute , Clayton, VIC , Australia
| | | | - Michael C Fahey
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute , Clayton, VIC , Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University , Clayton, VIC , Australia
| | - Graham Jenkin
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute , Clayton, VIC , Australia ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University , Clayton, VIC , Australia
| | - Suzanne L Miller
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute , Clayton, VIC , Australia ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University , Clayton, VIC , Australia
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15
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Beasley KM, Lovering AT, Gilbert JS. Decreased endothelial progenitor cells in preeclampsia and consequences for developmental programming. Hypertension 2014; 64:23-5. [PMID: 24752433 PMCID: PMC4100588 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kara M Beasley
- From the Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene
| | - Andrew T Lovering
- From the Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene
| | - Jeffrey S Gilbert
- From the Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene.
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16
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Escudero C, Roberts JM, Myatt L, Feoktistov I. Impaired adenosine-mediated angiogenesis in preeclampsia: potential implications for fetal programming. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:134. [PMID: 24926270 PMCID: PMC4046493 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome, defined by such clinical hallmarks as the onset of maternal hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. The syndrome is also characterized by impaired blood flow through the utero-placental circulation and relative placental ischemia, which in turn, may generate feto-placental endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction in offspring born from preeclamptic pregnancies has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, later in life. Interestingly, diminished endothelial function, manifested by low angiogenic capacity, leads to hypertension in animal studies. Recently, we have shown that the adenosine receptor A2A/nitric oxide/vascular endothelial growth factor axis is reduced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells derived from preeclamptic pregnancies, an effect correlated with gestational age at onset of preeclampsia. We and others suggested that impaired vascular function might be associated with high cardiovascular risk in offspring exposed to pregnancy diseases. However, we are not aware of any studies that examine impaired adenosine-mediated angiogenesis as a possible link to hypertension in offspring born from preeclamptic pregnancies. In this review, we present evidence supporting the hypothesis that reduced adenosine-mediated angiogenesis during preeclamptic pregnancies might be associated with development of hypertension in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Escudero
- Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Group of Investigation in Tumor Angiogenesis, Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bío-Bío Chillán, Chile
| | - James M Roberts
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Leslie Myatt
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Igor Feoktistov
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA ; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA
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17
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von Versen-Höynck F, Brodowski L, Dechend R, Myerski AC, Hubel CA. Vitamin D antagonizes negative effects of preeclampsia on fetal endothelial colony forming cell number and function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98990. [PMID: 24892558 PMCID: PMC4044051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Endothelial dysfunction is a primary feature of preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication associated with an increased future cardiovascular risk for mother and offspring. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) are endothelial progenitor cells that participate in vasculogenesis and endothelial repair. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the number and functional properties of fetal cord blood-derived ECFCs are reduced in preeclampsia compared to uncomplicated pregnancy (controls), and asked if adverse effects of preeclampsia on ECFC function are reversed by 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D3. DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS This was a nested, case-control study. Forty women with uncomplicated pregnancy and 33 women with PE were recruited at Magee-Womens Hospital (USA) or at Hannover Medical School (Germany). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Time to ECFC colony appearance in culture, and number of colonies formed, were determined. Functional abilities of ECFCs were assessed in vitro by tubule formation in Matrigel assay, migration, and proliferation. ECFC function was tested in the presence or absence of 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D3, and after vitamin D receptor (VDR) or VEGF signaling blockade. RESULTS The number of cord ECFC colonies was lower (P = 0.04) in preeclampsia compared to controls. ECFCs from preeclampsia showed reduced proliferation (P<0.0001), formed fewer tubules (P = 0.02), and migrated less (P = 0.049) than control. Vitamin D3 significantly improved preeclampsia ECFC functional properties. VDR- or VEGF blockade reduced tubule formation, partially restorable by vitamin D3. CONCLUSION Fetal ECFCs from preeclamptic pregnancies are reduced in number and dysfunctional. Vitamin D3 had rescuing effects. This may have implications for the increased cardiovascular risk associated with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke von Versen-Höynck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars Brodowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Dechend
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Medical Faculty of the Charité and Franz-Volhard Clinic), Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashley C. Myerski
- Magee-Womens Research Institute and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carl A. Hubel
- Magee-Womens Research Institute and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Reduction of maternal circulating endothelial progenitor cells in human pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta 2014; 35:431-6. [PMID: 24819155 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may play a crucial role during pregnancy by sustaining adequate placentation and fetal growth. Unambiguous demonstration of EPC increase during pregnancy has been hampered so far by lack of standardized methods for EPC quantification. In this study we used the currently most accepted phenotype for EPC detection for investigating whether maternal circulating EPCs might increase during normal pregnancy and whether they may fail to increase in pregnancy complicated by idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity characterized by insufficient placental perfusion. METHODS Twenty-one non-pregnant women, 44 women during healthy pregnancy progression (9, 13 and 22 women in the first, second and third trimester, respectively) and 11 with pregnancy complicated by idiopathic IUGR were recruited in a cross-sectional study. EPCs in maternal blood were identified as CD45(dim)/CD34+ / KDR+ cells by flow cytometry. Plasmatic cytokines were measured by ELISA. RESULTS We observed a significant and progressive increase of EPCs in normal pregnancy, yet detectable in early pregnancy but even more pronounced in the third trimester. The increase of EPCs was impaired in IUGR-complicated pregnancies at comparable gestational age. The circulating levels of placental growth-factor and stromal-derived-factor-1 were significantly lower in IUGR than normal pregnancies, possibly contributing to EPC impairment. CONCLUSIONS EPC count in maternal circulation may have a great potential as a novel biomarker for pregnancy monitoring and may represent the target of novel therapeutic strategies designed to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes often occurring in IUGR.
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