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Cao H, Guo Y, Ma C, Wang Y, Jing Y, Chen X, Liang H. Comparative study of the effects of different surface-coated silver nanoparticles on thyroid disruption and bioaccumulation in zebrafish early life. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 360:142422. [PMID: 38795916 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in commercial and industrial applications has led to their increased presence in the environment, raising concerns about their ecological and health impacts. This study pioneers an investigation into the chronic versus short-term acute toxicological impacts of differently coated AgNPs on zebrafish, with a novel focus on the thyroid-disrupting effects previously unexplored. The results showed that acute toxicity ranked from highest to lowest as AgNO3 (0.128 mg/L), PVP-AgNPs (1.294 mg/L), Citrate-AgNPs (6.984 mg/L), Uncoated-AgNPs (8.269 mg/L). For bioaccumulation, initial peaks were observed at 2 days, followed by fluctuations over time, with the eventual highest enrichment seen in Uncoated-AgNPs and Citrate-AgNPs at concentrations of 13 and 130 μg/L. Additionally, the four exposure groups showed a significant increase in T3 levels, which was 1.28-2.11 times higher than controls, and significant changes in thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (TG) content, indicating thyroid disruption. Gene expression analysis revealed distinct changes in the HPT axis-related genes, providing potential mechanisms underlying the thyroid toxicity induced by different AgNPs. The higher the Ag concentration in zebrafish, the stronger the thyroid disrupting effects, which in turn affected growth and development, in the order of Citrate-AgNPs, Uncoated-AgNPs > AgNO3, PVP-AgNPs. This research underscores the importance of considering nanoparticle coatings in risk assessments and offers insights into the mechanisms by which AgNPs affect aquatic organisms' endocrine systems, highlighting the need for careful nanotechnology use and the relevance of these findings for understanding environmental pollutants' role in thyroid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Cao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Yinping Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Chaofan Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Yuan Jing
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Hongwu Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010030, China.
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2
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Vogt R, Steinhoff B, Mozhayeva D, Vogt E, Metreveli G, Schönherr H, Engelhard C, Wanzenböck J, Lamatsch DK. Incubation media modify silver nanoparticle toxicity for whitefish ( Coregonus lavaretus) and roach ( Rutilus rutilus) embryos. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:143-162. [PMID: 34719351 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1988014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxicological studies were performed to examine silver nanoparticle (AgNP, size: 14.4 ± 2.5 nm) transformation within three different test media and consequent effects on embryos of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) and roach (Rutilus rutilus). The test media, namely ASTM very hard water, ISO standard dilution medium, and natural lake water differed predominantly in ionic strength. Total silver was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), while AgNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and single particle ICP-MS. Silver species distributions were estimated via thermodynamic speciation calculations. Data demonstrated that increased AgNP dissolution accompanied by decreasing ionic strength of the test medium did not occur as noted in other studies. Further, other physicochemical parameters including AgNP size and metallic species distribution did not markedly affect AgNP-induced toxicity. Irrespective of the test medium, C. lavaretus were more sensitive to AgNP exposure (median lethal concentration after 8 weeks: 0.51-0.73 mg/L) compared to R. rutilus, where adverse effects were only observed at 5 mg/L in natural lake water. In addition, AgNP-induced toxicity was lower in the two standard test media compared to natural lake water. Currently, there are no apparent studies assessing simultaneously the sensitivity of C. lavaretus and R. rutilus to AgNP exposure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to (1) investigate AgNP-induced toxicity in C. lavaretus and R. rutilus cohabiting in the same aquatic environment and (2) the role played by test media in the observed effects of AgNPs on these aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Vogt
- Fish Ecology, Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Benedikt Steinhoff
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Darya Mozhayeva
- Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Eva Vogt
- Fish Ecology, Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - George Metreveli
- Environmental and Soil Chemistry, iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau in Der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Carsten Engelhard
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
- Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Josef Wanzenböck
- Fish Ecology, Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Dunja Katharina Lamatsch
- Molecular and Cytogenetic Evolution of Asexual Aquatic Organisms, Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
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Noor MN, Wu F, Sokolov EP, Falfushynska H, Timm S, Haider F, Sokolova IM. Salinity-dependent effects of ZnO nanoparticles on bioenergetics and intermediate metabolite homeostasis in a euryhaline marine bivalve, Mytilus edulis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145195. [PMID: 33609850 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles including ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) are important emerging pollutants in aquatic ecosystems creating potential risks to coastal ecosystems and associated biota. The toxicity of nanoparticles and its interaction with the important environmental stressors (such as salinity variation) are not well understood in coastal organisms and require further investigation. Here, we examined the interactive effects of 100 μg l-1 nZnO or dissolved Zn (as a positive control for Zn2+ release) and salinity (normal 15, low 5, and fluctuating 5-15) on bioenergetics and intermediate metabolite homeostasis of a keystone marine bivalve, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis from the Baltic Sea. nZnO exposures did not lead to strong disturbances in energy or intermediate metabolite homeostasis regardless of the salinity regime. Dissolved Zn exposures suppressed the mitochondrial ATP synthesis capacity and coupling as well as anaerobic metabolism and modified the free amino acid profiles in the mussels indicating that dissolved Zn is metabolically more damaging than nZnO. The environmental salinity regime strongly affected metabolic homeostasis and altered physiological and biochemical responses to nZnO or dissolved Zn in the mussels. Exposure to low (5) or fluctuating (5-15) salinity affected the physiological condition, energy metabolism and homeostasis, as well as amino acid metabolism in M. edulis. Generally, fluctuating salinity (5-15) appeared bioenergetically less stressful than constantly hypoosmotic stress (salinity 5) in M. edulis indicating that even short (24 h) periods of recovery might be sufficient to restore the metabolic homeostasis in this euryhaline species. Notably, the biological effects of nZnO and dissolved Zn became progressively less detectable as the salinity stress increased. These findings demonstrate that habitat salinity must be considered in the biomarker-based assessment of the toxic effects of nanopollutants on coastal organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Nusrat Noor
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fangli Wu
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Eugene P Sokolov
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Leibniz Science Campus Phosphorus Research, Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
| | - Halina Falfushynska
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Department of Human Health, Physical Rehabilitation and Vital Activity, Ternopil V. Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Stefan Timm
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fouzia Haider
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Inna M Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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4
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Huang B, Cui YQ, Guo WB, Yang L, Miao AJ. Waterborne and dietary accumulation of well-dispersible hematite nanoparticles by zebrafish at different life stages. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113852. [PMID: 31887592 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of nanoparticles (NPs) has drawn considerable attention because of their potential toxicity and the environmental consequences thereof. However, the effects of the exposure route and life stage of an organism on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of NPs are largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the accumulation kinetics (uptake, assimilation, and efflux) and tissue distribution of waterborne and dietary hematite NPs (HemNPs) during three life stages (embryo, larva, and adult) of the zebrafish Danio rerio. For all zebrafish life stages, the waterborne accumulation of well-dispersed HemNPs increased linearly with exposure time but decreased after reaching a maximum. The increase in HemNPs accumulation followed the order embryo > larva > adult. Compared with the waterborne route, the dietary accumulation of HemNPs in larval and adult zebrafish fluctuated, reaching a maximum after each food refreshment and then decreasing until the next food addition. Similar to waterborne exposure, adult fish accumulated less dietary HemNPs than did larvae. Nevertheless, dietary HemNPs mostly accumulated in the intestinal tract, with smaller amounts in the truncus, head, and gills, as compared with their waterborne counterparts. Moreover, in the gonad no dietary HemNPs were detected whereas accumulation via waterborne HemNPs was significant. Despite the low assimilation efficiency of dietary HemNPs, biodynamic modeling showed that the diet was the main source of particle accumulation in zebrafish. Thus, both the life stage and the exposure route should be considered in evaluations of the environmental risks of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Yu-Qing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Wen-Bo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Ai-Jun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China.
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5
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Asadi Dokht Lish R, Johari SA, Sarkheil M, Yu IJ. On how environmental and experimental conditions affect the results of aquatic nanotoxicology on brine shrimp (Artemia salina): A case of silver nanoparticles toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113358. [PMID: 31614246 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The genus Artemia sp. has been accepted as a reliable model organism for aquatic toxicity and nanotoxicity experiments, as far as the ISO TS 20787 has recently been published to standardize nanotoxicity test with this organism. Experimental and environmental conditions may affect the toxicity of nanomaterials on aquatic organisms including Artemia sp. nauplii. In this study, acute toxicity effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the nauplii of Artemia salina was investigated under various conditions (e.g. different lights, salinities, temperatures, volume and agitation of exposure media and instar stages of nauplii). The EC values were calculated using Probit program and all data were analyzed statistically by SPSS software. At all test conditions, the immobilization rate of Artemia nauplii increased in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The sensitivity of instar stage II to different concentrations of AgNPs was significantly higher than instar I (P < 0.05). The toxicity effect of AgNPs was affected by alteration of environmental conditions, so that the effective concentration (EC) values for instar I of A. salina decreased with increasing water temperature, decreasing water salinity and in continuous darkness condition. The EC50 value of AgNPs was significantly lower in 100 mL beakers (21.35 ± 5.67 mg L-1) than 10 mL well plates (42.44 ± 11.30 mg L-1). Agitation of exposure media did not affect the toxicity of AgNPs. The results indicated that the experimental and environmental conditions influence on the toxicity of AgNPs in the nauplii of A. salina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Asadi Dokht Lish
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Johari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Sarkheil
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Il Je Yu
- HCTm CO., LTD., Icheon, Republic of Korea
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6
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The Biological Fate of Silver Nanoparticles from a Methodological Perspective. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11060957. [PMID: 29874866 PMCID: PMC6025118 DOI: 10.3390/ma11060957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the performance and throughput of currently available analytical techniques for quantifying body burden and cell internalization/distribution of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Our review of Ag NP biological fate data shows that most of the evidence gathered for Ag NPs body burden actually points to total Ag and not only Ag NPs. On the other hand, Ag NPs were found inside the cells and tissues of some organisms, but comprehensive explanation of the mechanism(s) of NP entry and/or in situ formation is usually lacking. In many cases, the methods used to detect NPs inside the cells could not discriminate between ions and particles. There is currently no single technique that would discriminate between the metals species, and at the same time enable localization and quantification of NPs down to the cellular level. This paper serves as an orientation towards selection of the appropriate method for studying the fate of Ag NPs in line with their properties and the specific question to be addressed in the study. Guidance is given for method selection for quantification of NP uptake, biodistribution, precise tissue and cell localization, bioaccumulation, food chain transfer and modeling studies regarding the optimum combination of methods and key factors to consider.
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7
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Yung MMN, Kwok KWH, Djurišić AB, Giesy JP, Leung KMY. Influences of temperature and salinity on physicochemical properties and toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28623275 PMCID: PMC5473898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change is predicted to result in rising average temperature of seawater with more extreme thermal events, and frequent rainfalls in some coastal regions. It is imperative to understand how naturally mediated changes in temperature and salinity can modulate toxicity of chemical contaminants to marine life. Thus, this study investigated combined effects of temperature and salinity on toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) to the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Because ZnO-NPs formed larger aggregations and released less zinc ions (Zn2+) at greater temperature and salinity, toxicity of ZnO-NPs to T. pseudonana was less at 25 °C than at 10 °C and less at 32 than 12 PSU. However, toxicity of ZnO-NPs was significantly greater at 30 °C, since T. pseudonana was near its upper thermal limit. Three test compounds, ZnO, ZnO-NPs and ZnSO4, displayed different toxic potencies and resulted in different profiles of expression of genes in T. pseudonana. This indicated that ZnO-NPs caused toxicity via different pathways compared to ZnSO4. Mechanisms of toxic action of the three compounds were also dependent on temperature and salinity. These results provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of the diatom to ZnO-NPs and Zn2+ under various regimes of temperature and salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana M N Yung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin W H Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - John P Giesy
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Zoology Department, Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China. .,State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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8
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Callaghan NI, MacCormack TJ. Ecophysiological perspectives on engineered nanomaterial toxicity in fish and crustaceans. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 193:30-41. [PMID: 28017784 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are incorporated into numerous industrial, clinical, food, and consumer products and a significant body of evidence is now available on their toxicity to aquatic organisms. Environmental ENM concentrations are difficult to quantify, but production and release estimates suggest wastewater treatment plant effluent levels ranging from 10-4 to >101μgL-1 for the most common formulations by production volume. Bioavailability and ENM toxicity are heavily influenced by water quality parameters and the physicochemical properties and resulting colloidal behaviour of the particular ENM formulation. ENMs generally induce only mild acute toxicity to most adult fish and crustaceans under environmentally relevant exposure scenarios; however, sensitivity may be considerably higher for certain species and life stages. In adult animals, aquatic ENM exposure often irritates respiratory and digestive epithelia and causes oxidative stress, which can be associated with cardiovascular dysfunction and the activation of immune responses. Direct interactions between ENMs (or their dissolution products) and proteins can also lead to ionoregulatory stress and/or developmental toxicity. Chronic and developmental toxicity have been noted for several common ENMs (e.g. TiO2, Ag), however more data is necessary to accurately characterize long term ecological risks. The bioavailability of ENMs should be limited in saline waters but toxicity has been observed in marine animals, highlighting a need for more study on possible impacts in estuarine and coastal systems. Nano-enabled advancements in industrial processes like water treatment and remediation could provide significant net benefits to the environment and will likely temper the relatively modest impacts of incidental ENM release and exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal Ingraham Callaghan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tyson James MacCormack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada.
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Jiang C, Castellon BT, Matson CW, Aiken GR, Hsu-Kim H. Relative Contributions of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Dissolved Copper to Cu Uptake Kinetics of Gulf Killifish (Fundulus grandis) Embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1395-1404. [PMID: 28081364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of soluble metal-based nanomaterials may be due to the uptake of metals in both dissolved and nanoparticulate forms, but the relative contributions of these different forms to overall metal uptake rates under environmental conditions are not quantitatively defined. Here, we investigated the linkage between the dissolution rates of copper(II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) and their bioavailability to Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) embryos, with the aim of quantitatively delineating the relative contributions of nanoparticulate and dissolved species for Cu uptake. Gulf killifish embryos were exposed to dissolved Cu and CuO NP mixtures comprising a range of pH values (6.3-7.5) and three types of natural organic matter (NOM) isolates at various concentrations (0.1-10 mg-C L-1), resulting in a wide range of CuO NP dissolution rates that subsequently influenced Cu uptake. First-order dissolution rate constants of CuO NPs increased with increasing NOM concentration and for NOM isolates with higher aromaticity, as indicated by specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA), while Cu uptake rate constants of both dissolved Cu and CuO NP decreased with NOM concentration and aromaticity. As a result, the relative contribution of dissolved Cu and nanoparticulate CuO species for the overall Cu uptake rate was insensitive to NOM type or concentration but largely determined by the percentage of CuO that dissolved. These findings highlight SUVA and aromaticity as key NOM properties affecting the dissolution kinetics and bioavailability of soluble metal-based nanomaterials in organic-rich waters. These properties could be used in the incorporation of dissolution kinetics into predictive models for environmental risks of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin T Castellon
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biomedical Studies, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University , Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Cole W Matson
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biomedical Studies, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University , Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - George R Aiken
- U.S. Geological Survey, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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Minghetti M, Schirmer K. Effect of media composition on bioavailability and toxicity of silver and silver nanoparticles in fish intestinal cells (RTgutGC). Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:1526-1534. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1241908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Minghetti
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland,
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA,
| | - Kristin Schirmer
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland,
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, EPF Lausanne, Switzerland, and
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
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11
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Bertrand C, Zalouk-Vergnoux A, Giambérini L, Poirier L, Devin S, Labille J, Perrein-Ettajani H, Pagnout C, Châtel A, Levard C, Auffan M, Mouneyrac C. The influence of salinity on the fate and behavior of silver standardized nanomaterial and toxicity effects in the estuarine bivalve Scrobicularia plana. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:2550-2561. [PMID: 26988805 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Because of their antibacterial properties, silver (Ag) engineered nanomaterials are included in many products. The present study used a standardized Ag nanomaterial (NM-300K, 20 nm) supplied with a stabilizing agent. The aim was to investigate the behavior of Ag nanomaterial in an estuarine-like medium at 2 salinities (15 psu and 30 psu). Uptake as well as sublethal effects of Ag nanomaterial (10 μg Ag/L), its stabilizing agent, and AgNO3 (10 μg Ag/L) were assessed in the clam Scrobicularia plana, after 7 d of exposure. The release of soluble Ag from Ag nanomaterial in the experimental media was quantified by using diffusive gradient in thin films and ultrafiltration. A multibiomarker approach was employed to reveal responses of clams at subindividual and individual levels. The bioaccumulation of Ag was significantly greater at 15 psu versus 30 psu, which could be explained by differences in Ag speciation. In conclusion, the present study showed different impacts of Ag nanomaterial that were not always explained by the release of Ag ions in clams at both salinities; such impacts were particularly characterized by induction of oxidative stress, cell damage, and impairment of energetic levels. Burrowing of clams was affected by the stabilizing agent depending on the salinity tested, with stronger effects at 15 psu. Finally, the present study highlighted salinity-dependent changes in the physiology of estuarine bivalves. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2550-2561. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Bertrand
- ILaboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université (LUNAM), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Aurore Zalouk-Vergnoux
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université (LUNAM), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Laure Giambérini
- ILaboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Laurence Poirier
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université (LUNAM), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Simon Devin
- ILaboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Jérôme Labille
- National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Aix en Provence, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Hanane Perrein-Ettajani
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Christophe Pagnout
- ILaboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Clément Levard
- National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Aix en Provence, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Mélanie Auffan
- National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Aix en Provence, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France
| | - Catherine Mouneyrac
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France.
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
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12
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Matson CW, Bone AJ, Auffan M, Lindberg TT, Arnold MC, Hsu-Kim H, Wiesner MR, Di Giulio RT. Silver toxicity across salinity gradients: the role of dissolved silver chloride species (AgCl x ) in Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) and medaka (Oryzias latipes) early life-stage toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:1105-1118. [PMID: 27170044 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1665-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The influence of salinity on Ag toxicity was investigated in Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) early life-stages. Embryo mortality was significantly reduced as salinity increased and Ag(+) was converted to AgCl(solid). However, as salinity continued to rise (>5 ‰), toxicity increased to a level at least as high as observed for Ag(+) in deionized water. Rather than correlating with Ag(+), Fundulus embryo toxicity was better explained (R(2) = 0.96) by total dissolved Ag (Ag(+), AgCl2 (-), AgCl3 (2-), AgCl4 (3-)). Complementary experiments were conducted with medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos to determine if this pattern was consistent among evolutionarily divergent euryhaline species. Contrary to Fundulus data, medaka toxicity data were best explained by Ag(+) concentrations (R(2) = 0.94), suggesting that differing ionoregulatory physiology may drive observed differences. Fundulus larvae were also tested, and toxicity did increase at higher salinities, but did not track predicted silver speciation. Alternatively, toxicity began to increase only at salinities above the isosmotic point, suggesting that shifts in osmoregulatory strategy at higher salinities might be an important factor. Na(+) dysregulation was confirmed as the mechanism of toxicity in Ag-exposed Fundulus larvae at both low and high salinities. While Ag uptake was highest at low salinities for both Fundulus embryos and larvae, uptake was not predictive of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole W Matson
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Audrey J Bone
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Mélanie Auffan
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, CEREGE UM34, UMR 7330, 13545, Aix en Provence, France
- GDRi iCEINT, International Consortium for the Environmental Implication of Nanotechnology, Paris, France
| | - T Ty Lindberg
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- National Ecological Observatory Network, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - Mariah C Arnold
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Heileen Hsu-Kim
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Mark R Wiesner
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Richard T Di Giulio
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
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13
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Wang S, Lv J, Ma J, Zhang S. Cellular internalization and intracellular biotransformation of silver nanoparticles in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:1129-35. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1179809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China and
| | - Jitao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China and
| | - Jingyuan Ma
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China and
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14
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Chen Y, Ren C, Ouyang S, Hu X, Zhou Q. Mitigation in Multiple Effects of Graphene Oxide Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryogenesis Driven by Humic Acid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:10147-10154. [PMID: 26171725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a widely used carbonaceous nanomaterial. To date, the influence of natural organic matter (NOM) on GO toxicity in aquatic vertebrates has not been reported. During zebrafish embryogenesis, GO induced a significant hatching delay and cardiac edema. The intensive interactions of GO with the chorion induces damage to chorion protuberances, excessive generation of (•)OH, and changes in protein secondary structure. In contrast, humic acid (HA), a ubiquitous form of NOM, significantly relieved the above adverse effects. HA reduced the interactions between GO and the chorion and mitigated chorion damage by regulating the morphology, structures, and surface negative charges of GO. HA also altered the uptake and deposition of GO and decreased the aggregation of GO in embryonic yolk cells and deep layer cells. Furthermore, HA mitigated the mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress induced by GO. This work reveals a feasible antidotal mechanism for GO in the presence of NOM and avoids overestimating the risks of GO in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chaoxiu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shaohu Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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15
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Yung MMN, Wong SWY, Kwok KWH, Liu FZ, Leung YH, Chan WT, Li XY, Djurišić AB, Leung KMY. Salinity-dependent toxicities of zinc oxide nanoparticles to the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 165:31-40. [PMID: 26011135 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study comprehensively investigated the influences of salinity, exposure concentration and time on the aggregate size, surface charge and dissolution of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs; 20nm) in seawater, and examined the interacting effect of salinity and waterborne exposure of ZnO-NPs on the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana for 96h. We found that aggregate sizes of ZnO-NPs significantly increased with increasing salinity, but generally decreased with increasing exposure concentration. Ion release decreased with increasing salinity, whereas the surface charge of the particles was not affected by salinity. The increased aggregate size and decreased ion release with increasing salinity, and consequently lower concentration of bioavailable zinc ions, resulted in decreased toxicity of ZnO-NPs at higher salinity in general in terms of growth inhibition (IC50) and chlorophyll fluorescence (EC50 - ФPo and EC50 - Ф2). However, IC50s and EC50s of ZnO-NPs were smaller than those of Zn(2+) (from ZnO-NPs ultrafiltrate and ZnCl2), indicating that dissolved Zn(2+) can only partially explain the toxicity of ZnO-NPs. SEM images showed that ZnO-NPs attached on the diatom frustule surface, suggesting that the interaction between the nanoparticles and the cell surface may acerbate the toxicity of ZnO-NPs. Our results linked the physicochemical characteristics of ZnO-NPs in seawater with their toxicities to the marine diatom and highlighted the importance of salinity as an influential environmental factor governing the aggregation, dissolution and the toxicity of ZnO-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana M N Yung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stella W Y Wong
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin W H Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - F Z Liu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y H Leung
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - W T Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - X Y Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - A B Djurišić
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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16
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Exploring LA-ICP-MS as a quantitative imaging technique to study nanoparticle uptake in Daphnia magna and zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5477-85. [PMID: 25943260 PMCID: PMC4477941 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The extent and the mechanisms by which engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are incorporated into biological tissues are a matter of intensive research. Therefore, laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is presented for the detection and visualization of engineered nanoparticles (Al2O3, Ag, and Au) in ecotoxicological test organisms (Danio rerio and Daphnia magna). While ENPs are not taken up by the zebrafish embryo but attach to its chorion, incorporation into the gut of D. magna is clearly visible by a 50-μm spot ablation of 40-μm-thick organism sections. During laser ablation of the soft organic matrix, the hard ENPs are mobilized without a significant change in their size, leading to decreasing sensitivity with increasing size of ENPs. To compensate for these effects, a matrix-matched calibration with ENPs of the same size embedded in agarose gels is proposed. Based on such a calibration, the mass of ENPs within one organism section was calculated and used to estimate the total mass of ENPs per organism. Compared to the amount determined after acid digestion of the test organisms, recoveries of 20-100% (zebrafish embryo (ZFE)) and of 4-230% (D. magna) were obtained with LODs in the low ppm range. It is likely that these differences are primarily due to an inhomogeneous particle distribution in the organisms and to shifts in the particle size distribution from the initial ENPs to those present in the organism. It appears that quantitative imaging of ENPs with LA-ICP-MS requires knowledge of the particle sizes in the biological tissue under study.
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17
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Bone AJ, Matson CW, Colman BP, Yang X, Meyer JN, Di Giulio RT. Silver nanoparticle toxicity to Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) and Caenorhabditis elegans: a comparison of mesocosm, microcosm, and conventional laboratory studies. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:275-82. [PMID: 25393776 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products and industrial applications, as well as their recent detection in waste streams, has created concern about potential impacts on aquatic ecosystems. The effect of complex environmental media on AgNP toxicity was investigated using wetland mesocosms and smaller scale microcosms. Mesocosms were dosed with 2.5 mg Ag/L as gum arabic (GA)-coated AgNPs, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated AgNPs, or AgNO3. Water samples were taken from mesocosms 24 h after dosing for acute toxicity tests with embryos and larvae of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Acute toxicity tests were also performed on Atlantic killifish with AgNO3, GA AgNPs, and PVP AgNPs prepared in the laboratory with similar water. For killifish embryos, mesocosm samples were much less toxic than laboratory samples for all types of silver. For larvae, in contrast, all 3 silver mesocosm treatments exhibited toxicity. Interestingly, mesocosm samples of AgNO3 were less toxic than laboratory samples; samples containing GA AgNPs were similar in toxicity, and samples containing PVP AgNPs were more toxic. For C. elegans, results were similar to killifish larvae. Results obtained from the mesocosms were not replicated on the smaller scale of the microcosms. These results indicate that environmental factors unique to the mesocosms acted differentially on AgNO3 to reduce its toxicity in a manner that does not translate to AgNPs for larval fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey J Bone
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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18
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Marie T, Mélanie A, Lenka B, Julien I, Isabelle K, Christine P, Elise M, Catherine S, Bernard A, Ester A, Jérôme R, Alain T, Jean-Yves B. Transfer, transformation, and impacts of ceria nanomaterials in aquatic mesocosms simulating a pond ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:9004-9013. [PMID: 25050645 DOI: 10.1021/es501641b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesocosms are an invaluable tool for addressing the complex issue of exposure during nanoecotoxicological testing. This experimental strategy was used to take into account parameters as the interactions between the NPs and naturally occurring (in)organic colloids (heteroaggregation), or the flux between compartments of the ecosystems (aqueous phase, sediments, biota) when assessing the impacts of CeO2 NPs in aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we determine the transfer, redox transformation, and impacts of 1 mg L(-1) of bare and citrate coated CeO2-NPs toward an ecologically relevant organism (snail, Planorbarius corneus) exposed 4 weeks in a complex experimental system mimicking a pond ecosystem. Over time, CeO2-NPs tend to homo- and heteroaggregate and to accumulate on the surficial sediment. The kinetic of settling down was coating-dependent and related to the coating degradation. After 4 weeks, Ce was observed in the digestive gland of benthic organisms and associated with 65-80% of Ce(IV) reduction into Ce(III) for both bare and coated CeO2 NPs. A transitory oxidative stress was observed for bare CeO2-NPs. Coated-NPs exposed snails did not undergo any lipid peroxidation nor change in the antioxidant contents, while Ce content and reduction in the digestive gland were identical to bare CeO2-NPs. We hypothesized that the presence of citrate coating enhanced the defense capacity of the cells toward the oxidative stress induced by the CeO2 core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tella Marie
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, CEREGE UM34, UMR 7330, 13545 Aix en Provence, France
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