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Wang J, Cui Z, Song Q, Yang K, Chen Y, Peng S. Integrating single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq to construct a neutrophil prognostic model for predicting prognosis and immune response in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:140. [PMID: 39726033 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00712-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 12/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Neutrophil infiltration has been associated with unfavorable outcomes in OSCC, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS This study integrated single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq) with bulk RNA-seq data to analyze neutrophil infiltration patterns in OSCC and identify key gene modules using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (hdWGCNA). A prognostic model was developed based on univariate and Lasso-Cox regression analyses, stratifying patients into high- and low-risk groups. Immune landscape and drug sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore group-specific differences. Additionally, Mendelian randomization analysis was employed to identify genes causally related to OSCC progression. RESULTS Several key pathways associated with neutrophil interactions in OSCC progression were identified, leading to the construction of a prognostic model based on significant module genes. The model demonstrated strong predictive performance in distinguishing survival rates between high- and low-risk groups. Immune landscape analysis revealed significant differences in cell infiltration patterns and TIDE scores between the groups. Drug sensitivity analysis highlighted differences in drug responsiveness between high- and low-risk groups. CONCLUSION This study elucidates the critical role of neutrophils and their associated gene modules in OSCC progression. The prognostic model provides a novel reference for patient stratification and targeted therapy. These findings offer potential new targets for OSCC diagnosis, prognosis, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zifeng Cui
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiwen Song
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Kaicheng Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shixiong Peng
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Bahramian A, Motahari P, Hanifenezhad A. Expression of Ki-67 in Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2024; 25:288-295. [PMID: 39713114 PMCID: PMC11662169 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2023.98491.2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2024]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem One of the main signs of cancer development is increasing of cell proliferation activity. Expression of the Ki-67 as a cell proliferation marker is extensively utilized in pathology studies as an indicator of proliferation in human tumors. According to studies, Ki-67 plays an effective role in the pathology of malignant and pre-malignant oral mucosa lesions. Purpose The current study aimed to systematically review the Ki-67 expression in oral lichen planus without dysplasia and compare it with oral epithelial dysplasia. Materials and Method In this meta-analysis, all articles in the English language were searched in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar until July 2023. MeSH terms and free keywords were used in the search step. Expression of Ki-67 in oral lichen planus and oral epithelial dysplasia was analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Results Nine hundred and two articles related to the searched words were found. According to the selection criteria, 12 retrospective articles were selected. Low quality was not observed in any of the records by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and most of them had a relatively good quality. Totally, 593 patients were examined. The heterogeneity between studies was not significant. The meta-analysis results indicated a significantly lower Ki-67 expression in oral lichen planus without dysplasia in comparison to oral epithelial dysplasia. Conclusion The more intense expression level of Ki-67 in oral epithelial dysplasia compared with oral lichen planus was observed. The ki-67 expression could be utilized to indicate the existence and intensity of epithelial dysplasia and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aila Bahramian
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Paria Motahari
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Hanifenezhad
- Dental Student, Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Richter M, Doll C, Mrosk F, Hofmann E, Koerdt S, Heiland M, Neumann K, Beck M, Dommerich S, Jöhrens K, Raguse JD. The combined assessment of p16 INK4a and Mib/Ki-67 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1493281. [PMID: 39664175 PMCID: PMC11632130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1493281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/01/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Despite numerous studies addressing the impact of p16INK4a in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), consistent data regarding survival and tumor proliferation behavior are lacking. Although some authors investigate both p16INK4a and Mib/Ki-67 in their cohorts, direct correlations are consistently missing. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined influence of p16INK4a and Mib/Ki-67 status on prognosis in OSCC. Materials and methods Clinical data of all patients diagnosed with OSCC and treated curatively between 2005 and 2011 were collected retrospectively. Tissue microarrays of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens were stained for p16INK4a and Mib/Ki-67 using the CINtec Histology V-Kit or MIB-1 antibody and correlated with the clinical outcome. Results A total of 316 patients, with a mean age of 61.7 years were included. Tumor tissues that were tested p16INK4a positive with low Mib/Ki-67 expression demonstrated a remarkable 5-year survival rate of 83% with an improved RFS compared to all other subgroups (p=0.034; p=0.017; p=0.026) and an improved OS compared to those with high Mib/Ki-67 expression (p=0.026; p=0.020). Cox regression identified the combined p16INK4a and Mib/Ki-67 status as a risk factor on OS (HR 6.25; CI1.26-31.0; p=0.025) and RFS (HR 5.88; CI1.19-29.20; p=0.030). Conclusion These results underscore the importance of a combined assessment of p16INK4a and Mib/Ki-67 in evaluating the prognosis of OSCC, leading to the identification of distinct subgroups that may serve as risk factors for treatment stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Richter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Doll
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedrich Mrosk
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Hofmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Junior Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Koerdt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Heiland
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konrad Neumann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Beck
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Dommerich
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Korinna Jöhrens
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Jan-Dirk Raguse
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fachklinik Hornheide, Münster, Germany
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Abrahim NMM, Cavalcante RB, Pardini MIDMC, Rabenhorst SHB, Ferrasi AC. Evaluation of BUBR1, MCM2, and GMNN as oral cancer biomarkers. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00183. [PMID: 39480819 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2024]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a public health problem worldwide. Late diagnosis results in a low survival rate. However, this tumor can arise from oral precancerous lesions and identification of biomarkers in precursor lesions has the potential for early diagnosis, improving patient survival. In this context, proteins involved in the cell cycle control are potentially promising. This study aimed to evaluate the importance of immunohistochemical expression of BUBR1, MCM2, and GMNN as biomarkers of oral carcinogenesis considering different oral sites. Sixty-six samples of oral epithelial dysplasia (from 33 males and 33 females) and 63 samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma (from 44 males and 19 females) were subjected to immunohistochemistry to detect some human proteins. Ki67 expression was included as a marker of cell proliferation. Marker expression was quantified by manually counting at least 1000 cells, and the labeling index was used in all statistical analyses. GMNN, MCM2, BUBR1 (nuclear and cytoplasmic labeling), and Ki67 expression levels were higher in carcinomas than in dysplasia (P < 0.05). Cytoplasmic BUBR1 was a good marker of malignancy (AUC = 0.8525, P < 0.05), but Ki67 was not (AUC = 0.5943, P = 0.0713). GMNN, MCM2, BUBR1, and Ki67 had higher expression in carcinoma than in dysplasia, regardless of the site of the lesion. Cytoplasmic BUBR1 has the potential to be used as a marker of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naíza M M Abrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu
| | - Roberta B Cavalcante
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR)
| | | | - Silvia H B Rabenhorst
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Chen YW, He AC, Huang TY, Lai DH, Wang YP, Liu WW, Kuo WT, Hou HH, Cheng SJ, Lee CY, Chuang WC, Chang CC, Lee BS. Iontophoresis-Enhanced Buccal Delivery of Cisplatin-Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles for Treating Oral Cancer in a Mouse Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:10435-10453. [PMID: 39430308 PMCID: PMC11491087 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s475742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs used in oral cancer treatment, but systemic administration has side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of iontophoresis on the enhancement of cisplatin release from cisplatin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles. Methods The effect of different mass ratios of chitosan to tripolyphosphate (TPP) (5:1, 10:1, 15:1, 20:1) on the encapsulation efficiency of cisplatin was investigated. Uptake of cisplatin-encapsulated chitosan by cells was observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The cell viability at different cisplatin concentrations was examined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Three iontophoresis methods, namely constant-current chronopotentiometry (CCCP), cyclic chronopotentiometry (CCP), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), were used to enhance cisplatin release from cisplatin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles. In addition, mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were implanted into the mouse oral mucosa to induce oral cancer. The effects of enhanced cisplatin release by CCCP, CCP, and DPV on tumor suppression in mice were evaluated. Tumors and lymph nodes were isolated for hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry staining including Ki-67 and pan CK after sacrifice. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was conducted to quantify the platinum content within the tumors. Results The results showed that nanoparticles with a mass ratio of 15:1 exhibited the highest cisplatin encapsulation efficiency (approximately 15.6%) and longest continued release (up to 35 days) in phosphate buffered saline with a release rate of 100%. Cellular uptake results suggested that chitosan nanoparticles were delivered to the cytoplasm via endocytosis. The results of the MTT assay revealed that the survival rate of cells decreased as the cisplatin concentration increased. The CCP (1 mA, on:off = 1 s: 1 s) and DPV (0-0.06 V) groups were the most effective in inhibiting tumor growth, and both groups exhibited the lowest percentage of Ki-67 positive and pan CK positive. Conclusion This study is the first to investigate and determine the efficacy of DPV in enhancing in vivo drug release from nanoparticles for the treatment of cancer in animals. The results suggest that the CCP and DPV methods have the potential to be combined with surgery for oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Chia He
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yun Huang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - De-Hao Lai
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Liu
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Kuo
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Han Hou
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jung Cheng
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yi Lee
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chuang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chen Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Shiunn Lee
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
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Johnson AP, Jyothi SL, Shahid M, Venkatesh MP, Chidambaram SB, Osmani RA, Gangadharappa HV, Pramod K. Graphene oxide nanoribbons conjugated with 1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3 phosphoethanolamine-poly (ethylene glycol)-transferrin enhanced targeted delivery and cytotoxicity of raloxifene against breast cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134772. [PMID: 39154682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The clinical utility of raloxifene (RLX), a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), has been compromised by severe side effects and unfavorable drug properties. To address these, a transferrin (Tf) conjugated graphene oxide nanoribbon (GONR) platform was tried for RLX. The stability of GONRs in biological media was improved by surface modification with 1, 2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3 phosphoethanolamine-Poly (ethylene glycol) (DSPE-PEG). The Tf molecule was covalently attached to DSPE-PEG (DPT) using EDC-NHS chemistry. The surface of GONR was then modified with DSPE-PEG (DP) or DPT and loaded with RLX (GDP-RLX and GDPT-RLX). The final formulations were characterized for drug loading and stability. The anticancer activities of pure RLX, GDP-RLX, and GDPT-RLX were evaluated and compared in all the in vitro and in vivo studies. In vitro cell line studies showed that GDPT-RLX have significantly high cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, apoptosis induction, G2/M phase arrest, anti-migration properties, and apoptotic protein expression, followed by GDP-RLX and RLX. Pharmacokinetics and tumor biodistribution were also found to be excellent with GDPT-RLX. The in vivo tumor therapy and tumor evaluation outcomes were also consistent with the in vitro data. The Tf conjugated GDPT-RLX represents a promising approach for targeted and sustained delivery of RLX with enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha P Johnson
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, Mysuru 57 0015, Karnataka, India
| | - S L Jyothi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, Mysuru 57 0015, Karnataka, India
| | - M Shahid
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - M P Venkatesh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, Mysuru 57 0015, Karnataka, India; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Malaysia
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Riyaz Ali Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, Mysuru 57 0015, Karnataka, India
| | - H V Gangadharappa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Bannimantap, Mysuru 57 0015, Karnataka, India.
| | - K Pramod
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Kozhikode 673008, Kerala, India.
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Hsu CH, Chen MK, Lo YS, Ho HY, Lin CC, Chuang YC, Hsieh MJ, Chou MC. Association of Titin Polymorphisms with the Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Clinicopathological Characteristics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9878. [PMID: 39337369 PMCID: PMC11432047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the correlation of titin (TTN) polymorphisms with the sensitivity of oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) and clinical characteristics. Six TTN SNPs, including rs10497520, rs12463674, rs12465459, rs2042996, rs2244492, and rs2303838, were evaluated in 322 control groups and 606 patients with oral cancer. We then investigated whether the SNP genotypes rs10497520 had associations with clinical pathological categories. Our data showed that the TC + CC genotype of rs10497520 was associated with moderate/poor tumor cell differentiation. The carriers of TTN rs10497520 polymorphic variant "TC + CC" in OSCC patients with cigarette smoking were linked with poor tumor differentiation (p = 0.008). Our results suggest that the TTN SNP rs10497520 is a possible genetic marker for oral cancer patients in the cigarette-smoking population. The TTN rs10497520 polymorphisms may be essential biomarkers to predict the onset and prognosis of oral cancer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Hsu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 40201, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 40201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Zhang Y, Chen L, Li H, Zhuang Y, Xie Q, Li W, Yang X, Zheng X, Suyu L, Yi H. Unveiling the hidden link: fungi and HPV in cervical lesions. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1400947. [PMID: 39257614 PMCID: PMC11385606 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1400947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer, primarily driven by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection, ranks as the second most common cancer globally. Understanding combined infections' role, including Cervical fungi, is crucial in cervical carcinogenesis. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between HR-HPV, cervical fungi, and cervical cancer, while adjusting for various factors. Methods The study population comprised patients undergoing colposcopy and conization due to abnormal cervical screening results. Clinical data including age, gravidity, HPV (human papillomavirus) genotypes, cervical pathology, and p16/Ki67 expression were extracted. Cervical TCT (ThinPrep Pap Test) and HPV testing are utilized for screening cervical lesions, with fungal presence suggested by TCT results. 5,528 participants were included in this study. Statistical analyses investigated associations between HPV/fungi co-infection and cervical lesions, employing multinomial logistic regression and interaction analysis. Results Co-infection with fungi and HPV may decrease the risk of cervical lesions compared to HPV infection alone. In the co-infection group, compared with HPV infection alone, the risk of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) was reduced by 27% (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.59-0.90), the risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) was reduced by 35% (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.51-0.82), and the risk of cervical cancer was reduced by 43% (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35-0.92). The interaction analysis revealed a negative interaction between fungal and HPV infections in the development of cervical cancer (RERI = -6.25, AP = -0.79, SI = 0.52), HSIL (RERI = -19.15, AP = -0.37, SI = 0.72) and LSIL (RERI = -1.87, AP = -0.33, SI = 0.71), suggesting a sub-additive effect, where the combined effect of the two infections was less than the sum of their individual effects. This indicates that fungal infection may attenuate the promoting effect of HPV on cervical lesions. In exploring the potential mechanism, we found that the co-infection group had significantly lower p16 positivity (54.6%) compared to the HPV-only group (60.2%) (p = 0.004), while there was no statistically significant difference in Ki67 positivity. Conclusion This study unveils the intricate relationship between cervical fungi and HPV in cervical lesions. Co-infection with fungi and HPV against cervical lesions compared to HPV infection alone, indicating a novel clinical interaction. Lower p16 positivity in co-infection hints at a protective mechanism, urging further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lingsi Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiling Zhuang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangqin Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Suyu
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huan Yi
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Building Institution, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Nałęcz D, Świętek A, Hudy D, Wiczkowski K, Złotopolska Z, Strzelczyk JK. Assessment of Concentration KRT6 Proteins in Tumor and Matching Surgical Margin from Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7356. [PMID: 39000463 PMCID: PMC11242288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are one of the most frequently detected cancers in the world; not all mechanisms related to the expression of keratin in this type of cancer are known. The aim of this study was to evaluate type II cytokeratins (KRT): KRT6A, KRT6B, and KRT6C protein concentrations in 54 tumor and margin samples of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Moreover, we examined a possible association between protein concentration and the clinical and demographic variables. Protein concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Significantly higher KRT6A protein concentration was found in HNSCC samples compared to surgical margins. An inverse relationship was observed for KRT6B and KRT6C proteins. We showed an association between the KRT6C protein level and clinical parameters T and N in tumor and margin samples. When analyzing the effect of smoking and drinking on KRT6A, KRT6B, and KRT6C levels, we demonstrated a statistically significant difference between regular or occasional tobacco and alcohol habits and patients who do not have any tobacco and alcohol habits in tumor and margin samples. Moreover, we found an association between KRT6B and KRT6C concentration and proliferative index Ki-67 and HPV status in tumor samples. Our results showed that concentrations of KRT6s were different in the tumor and the margin samples and varied in relation to clinical and demographic parameters. We add information to the current knowledge about the role of KRT6s isoforms in HNSCC. We speculate that variations in the studied isoforms of the KRT6 protein could be due to the presence and development of the tumor and its microenvironment. It is important to note that the analyses were performed in tumor and surgical margins and can provide more accurate information on the function in normal and cancer cells and regulation in response to various factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Nałęcz
- Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, St. Vincent De Paul Hospital, 1 Wójta Radtkego St., 81-348 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Agata Świętek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
- Silesia LabMed Research and Implementation Centre, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dorota Hudy
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Karol Wiczkowski
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Zofia Złotopolska
- Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, St. Vincent De Paul Hospital, 1 Wójta Radtkego St., 81-348 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
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10
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Kumar S, Pandey J, Bharti S, Senapati S. Analysis of the Ki-67 Proliferation Index in Relation to Tumor, Node, and Metastasis (TNM) Stage in Patients With Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2024; 16:e63751. [PMID: 39100007 PMCID: PMC11296394 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) comprises more than 90% of malignant tumors of the oral cavity, accounting for up to 40% of all malignancies in South Asia. Despite the progress made in cancer management, the five-year survival rate for SCC has remained around 50%. To improve this survival rate, it is essential to understand the tumor's biology at its core. In our study, the Ki-67 proliferation index of tumor cells was analyzed and correlated with the tumor stage, nodal stage, and tumor grade to determine the tumor's biological aggressiveness. Materials and methods The study was conducted in a tertiary care center in South Asia from 2018 to 2022. A total of 50 adult patients with biopsy-proven oral cavity SCC were taken for analysis. The Ki-67 index was assessed in tumor cells using immunohistochemistry. Results Ki-67 was classified into two subcategories: <20% and >20%. Patients with an advanced T stage (T3-T4) have a greater chance of having a higher Ki-67 index (>20%), with p = 0.047. However, there is no statistically significant association between nodal status and tumor grade. Conclusion The Ki-67 proliferation index predicts the behavior of SCC lesions regarding tumor size and invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar
- Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Patna, IND
| | - Jagjit Pandey
- Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Patna, IND
| | - Shreekant Bharti
- Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Patna, IND
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11
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Dareh MTB, Andisheh‐Tadbir A, Aghakouchakzadeh A. Evaluation of the relationship between the expression of AgNOR and Ki67 with the recurrence rate in central granulomatous giant cell lesions: A case-control. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e870. [PMID: 38506305 PMCID: PMC10952119 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Giant cell granuloma is a local nonneoplastic lesion that is divided into two categories, based on its site of occurrence: Central and peripheral giant cell granuloma. Central giant cell granuloma is an intraosseous lesion that has a tendency to recure even in surgically treated cases. Several studies have proven that there is an association between different lesions clinical behavior and their histological features. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of AgNOR and Ki67 in lesions with and without recurrency. MATERIAL AND METHODS Files and records of 35 patients who had been histologically diagnosed with central giant cell granuloma were investigated. Histological features were studied after performing AgNOR staining and Ki67 marker. The data were analyzed by chi-square, Fisher, and T-test. RESULTS Acquired data indicated that the count of AgNOR staining and Ki67 marker was significantly higher in lesions with recurrency than the lesions with no recurrency. The same results were attained from Ki67 intensity. CONCLUSION The current study indicated that AgNOR staining and Ki67 marker have prognostic value in predicting recurrency of central giant cell granuloma lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina T. B. Dareh
- Student Research Committee, School of DentistryAlborz University of Medical SciencesKarajIran
| | - Azadeh Andisheh‐Tadbir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Oral and Dental Disease Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Arezoo Aghakouchakzadeh
- Department of oral and maxillofacial pathology, School of DentistryAlborz University of Medical ScienceKarajIran
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12
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Zdrojewski J, Nowak M, Nijakowski K, Jankowski J, Scribante A, Gallo S, Pascadopoli M, Surdacka A. Potential Immunohistochemical Biomarkers for Grading Oral Dysplasia: A Literature Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:577. [PMID: 38540190 PMCID: PMC10967812 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a prevalent global health issue, with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Despite available preventive measures, it remains one of the most common cancers, emphasising the need for improved diagnostic and prognostic tools. This review focuses on oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), precursors to oral cancer, specifically emphasising oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). The World Health Organisation (WHO) provides a three-tier grading system for OED, and recent updates have expanded the criteria to enhance diagnostic precision. In the prognostic evaluation of OED, histological grading is presently regarded as the gold standard; however, its subjectivity and unreliability in anticipating malignant transformation or recurrence pose notable limitations. The primary objective is to investigate whether specific immunohistochemical biomarkers can enhance OED grading assessment according to the WHO classification. Biomarkers exhibit significant potential for comprehensive cancer risk evaluation, early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment optimisation. Technological advancements, including sequencing and nanotechnology, have expanded detection capabilities. Some analysed biomarkers are most frequently chosen, such as p53, Ki-67, cadherins/catenins, and other proteins used to differentiate OED grades. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and discover new potential biomarkers for precise dysplasia grading and minimally invasive assessment of the risk of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Zdrojewski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (J.Z.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Monika Nowak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (J.Z.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Kacper Nijakowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (J.Z.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Student’s Scientific Group, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.G.)
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Gallo
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.G.)
| | - Maurizio Pascadopoli
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.G.)
| | - Anna Surdacka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (J.Z.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
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Ouh YT, Kim HY, Yi KW, Lee NW, Kim HJ, Min KJ. Enhancing Cervical Cancer Screening: Review of p16/Ki-67 Dual Staining as a Promising Triage Strategy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:451. [PMID: 38396493 PMCID: PMC10888225 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14040451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer, primarily caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18, is a major global health concern. Persistent HR-HPV infection can progress from reversible precancerous lesions to invasive cervical cancer, which is driven by the oncogenic activity of human papillomavirus (HPV) genes, particularly E6 and E7. Traditional screening methods, including cytology and HPV testing, have limited sensitivity and specificity. This review explores the application of p16/Ki-67 dual-staining cytology for cervical cancer screening. This advanced immunocytochemical method allows for simultaneously detecting p16 and Ki-67 proteins within cervical epithelial cells, offering a more specific approach for triaging HPV-positive women. Dual staining and traditional methods are compared, demonstrating their high sensitivity and negative predictive value but low specificity. The increased sensitivity of dual staining results in higher detection rates of CIN2+ lesions, which is crucial for preventing cervical cancer progression. However, its low specificity may lead to increased false-positive results and unnecessary biopsies. The implications of integrating dual staining into contemporary screening strategies, particularly considering the evolving landscape of HPV vaccination and changes in HPV genotype prevalence, are also discussed. New guidelines and further research are necessary to elucidate the long-term effects of integrating dual staining into screening protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kyung-Jin Min
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (Y.-T.O.); (H.Y.K.); (K.W.Y.); (N.-W.L.); (H.-J.K.)
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14
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Bhola R, Narwal A, Kamboj M, Devi A. Immunohistochemical Comparison of Ki-67 and MCM-3 in Odontogenic Cysts: An Observational Study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024; 32:111-116. [PMID: 38062794 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Odontogenic cysts are a diverse group of pathologic entities with different proliferation potential, leading to variations in their biological behavior. One of the most cited proliferation markers used in diagnostic histopathology is Ki-67. Another group of proteins recently investigated is minichromosome maintenance (MCM-3) and its expression has been evaluated in several odontogenic lesions but the results were controversial. Thus, the present study endeavored to compare the expression of MCM-3 and Ki-67 in odontogenic cysts. Furthermore, a pioneer attempt was made to evaluate the sensitivity of these markers to inflammation. A total of 101 cases (37 dentigerous cysts, 37 odontogenic keratocysts, and 27 radicular cysts) were included. Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and MCM-3 were investigated using a labeling index (LI). In addition, they were scored for inflammation, followed by correlation with both markers. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis ( P <0.05). Overall, a higher LI of MCM-3 than Ki-67 was obtained in all study groups along with a positive correlation of Ki-67 LI with inflammation. Thus, MCM-3 proteins proved to be a more accurate means to determine the proliferation potential and were not sensitive to external stimuli like inflammation than conventional markers, such as Ki-67.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridhi Bhola
- Department of Oral Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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15
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Rabinovich OF, Rabinovich IM, Babichenko II, Umarova KV, Bekmurzova LF. [Precancers of the oral mucosa: clinic, diagnostics]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2024; 103:5-11. [PMID: 38741528 DOI: 10.17116/stomat20241030215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study. Improving the efficiency of diagnosis and detailing the features of the clinic of «potentially malignant» diseases of the oral mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical and laboratory examination of 124 patients of the department of oral mucosa diseases aged 35 to 80 years, among whom there were 75 women and 49 men, with diseases such as erythroplakia - 12 patients, verrucous leukoplakia - 52 patients, erosive form of leukoplakia - 35 patients, cheilitis Manganotti - 25 patients. Histological and immunohistochemical methods of investigation were used as diagnostics. To assess the proliferative activity of epithelial cells, the determination of the Ki-67 index was used. The synthesis of keratin 15 (K15) in epithelial layers was determined as a diagnostic criterion for the severity of neoplasia. The expression of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV 16) antigens and p16INK4a protein in epithelial cells was studied, as well as the expression of p53 protein. RESULTS A high prevalence of p53 mutations was observed in patients with erythroplakia. In leukoplakia, the expression of the Ki-67 protein was detected in the cell nuclei in both the basal and parabasal layers of the multilayer squamous epithelium, in 77% of cases, the expression of the p16INK4a protein in the epithelial nuclei with varying degrees of dysplastic changes was noted, and a positive reaction to HPV16 was also observed in the cell nuclei and cytoplasm of epithelial cells in the basal, parabasal and spiny epithelial layers. The appearance of K15 in the cytoplasm of cells above the basal layer with abrasive precancerous cheilitis was found in 48% of cases. CONCLUSION To diagnose early manifestations of neoplastic processes in «potentially malignant» diseases of the oral mucosa, it is necessary to use both classical histological and immunohistochemical methods of investigation with various markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- O F Rabinovich
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - I M Rabinovich
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - I I Babichenko
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
| | - K V Umarova
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - L F Bekmurzova
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Catunda RQ, Ho KKY, Patel S, Roy CB, Alexiou M, Levin L, Ulrich BJ, Kaplan MH, Febbraio M. Loricrin and Cytokeratin Disorganisation in Severe Forms of Periodontitis. Int Dent J 2023; 73:862-872. [PMID: 37316411 PMCID: PMC10658443 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to investigate the role of the cornified epithelium, the outermost layer of the oral mucosa, engineered to prevent water loss and microorganism invasion, in severe forms of periodontitis (stage III or IV, grade C). METHODS Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontal disease pathogen, can affect cornified epithelial protein expression through chronic activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (Stat6). We used a mouse model, Stat6VT, that mimics this to determine the effects of barrier defect on P gingivalis-induced inflammation, bone loss, and cornified epithelial protein expression, and compared histologic and immunohistologic findings with tissues obtained from human controls and patients with stage III and IV, grade C disease. Alveolar bone loss in mice was assessed using micro-computerised tomography, and soft tissue morphology was qualitatively and semi-quantitatively assessed by histologic examination for several proteins, including loricrin, filaggrin, cytokeratin 1, cytokeratin 14, a proliferation marker, a pan-leukocyte marker, as well as morphologic signs of inflammation. Relative cytokine levels were measured in mouse plasma by cytokine array. RESULTS In the tissues from patients with periodontal disease, there were greater signs of inflammation (rete pegs, clear cells, inflammatory infiltrates) and a decrease and broadening of expression of loricrin and cytokeratin 1. Cytokeratin 14 expression was also broader and decreased in stage IV. P gingivalis-infected Stat6VT mice showed greater alveolar bone loss in 9 out of 16 examined sites, and similar patterns of disruption to human patients in expression of loricrin and cytokeratins 1 and 14. There were also increased numbers of leukocytes, decreased proliferation, and greater signs of inflammation compared with P gingivalis-infected control mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that changes in epithelial organisation can exacerbate the effects of P gingivalis infection, with similarities to the most severe forms of human periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Queiroz Catunda
- Department of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen Ka-Yan Ho
- Department of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Srushti Patel
- Department of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christopher Bryant Roy
- Department of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maria Alexiou
- Department of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Liran Levin
- Department of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Mark H Kaplan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Pekarek L, Garrido-Gil MJ, Sánchez-Cendra A, Cassinello J, Pekarek T, Fraile-Martinez O, García-Montero C, Lopez-Gonzalez L, Rios-Parra A, Álvarez-Mon M, Acero J, Diaz-Pedrero R, Ortega MA. Emerging histological and serological biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Applications in diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and personalized therapeutics (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:213. [PMID: 37859591 PMCID: PMC10620846 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity and accounts for >90% of all oral cancers. Despite advances in diagnostic procedures and therapeutic interventions, overall survival has not improved significantly in recent decades, primarily due to late diagnosis, locoregional recurrence and treatment resistance. Identifying reliable biomarkers for early detection, prognosis evaluation and treatment response prediction is critical for improving clinical outcomes in patients with OSCC. In the present review, the prognostic and predictive utility of circulating biomarkers, such as circulating tumour cells, serological biomarkers and histological and genetic biomarkers, were explored in the context of OSCC. In addition, the potential role of immune checkpoints in the treatment of OSCC was highlighted and the rapidly evolving field of liquid biopsy and its potential to revolutionize diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and treatment were examined. The existing evidence for the clinical utility of these biomarkers was critically evaluated and the challenges and limitations associated with their introduction into routine clinical practice were addressed. In conclusion, the present review highlights the promising role of biomarkers in improving the current understanding of the pathogenesis of OSCC and offers potential avenues for improving patient care through personalized medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Oncology Service, Guadalajara University Hospital, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Maria J. Garrido-Gil
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | | | - Javier Cassinello
- Oncology Service, Guadalajara University Hospital, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Tatiana Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Gonzalez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Antonio Rios-Parra
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service and Internal Medicine, Network Biomedical Research Center in The Thematic Area of Liver Diseases (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Julio Acero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, University of Alcalá, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Diaz-Pedrero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Bhalang K, Danuthai K. Expression of p53 in toluidine blue positive oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions and expression of Ki67 in vinegar positive oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1239961. [PMID: 37876530 PMCID: PMC10593433 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1239961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of toluidine blue and/or vinegar in oral cancer screening and to examine the correlation between clinical screening using toluidine blue and vinegar and the expression of the tumor marker p53 and proliferation marker Ki67, respectively. The study consisted of 87 patients with suspected oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions. Toluidine blue and/or vinegar were applied to the lesions, followed by biopsies. The tissues were diagnosed histopathologically and underwent immunohistochemical process for p53 or Ki67. The results revealed that the sensitivity and specificity of oral cancer screening using toluidine blue were 93% and 46%, respectively; whereas the sensitivity and specificity using vinegar were 85% and 81%, respectively. A statistically significant correlation between the use of vinegar and the expression of Ki67 (p = 0.019) was observed. Although there was a difference in the expression of p53 between specimens that were positive and negative to toluidine blue, the correlation did not reach a significant level. Based on the results from this study, vinegar has a lower sensitivity than toluidine blue but a higher specificity for oral cancer screening. The results of the clinical screening using vinegar correlated with the expression of Ki67 at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokporn Bhalang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kittipong Danuthai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Apoorva CC, Ananthaneni A, Kumar AJ, Guduru VS, Puneeth HK. Evaluation of USP22 and Ki-67 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:679-684. [PMID: 38304522 PMCID: PMC10829464 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_262_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim USP22 is a positive regulator in tumor growth, its depletion leads to cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. USP22 over expression was positively correlated with proteins involved in proliferation and negatively correlated with tumor suppressor protein tumor supprn. Ki-67 expression is associated with USP22 over expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and also in cervical and prostate cancers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of USP22 and Ki-67 in OSCC by using an immunohistochemical staining procedure. Materials and Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of USP22 protein in 50 archival tissue blocks of histopathologically diagnosed OSCC and 15 normal oral mucosa tissue blocks. The histopathological correlation of USP22 with Ki-67 was done. Results Expression of USP22 and Ki-67 was seen in the nuclei of epithelial cells. Statistical analysis of the mean expression of USP22 in OSCC and normal tissue showed a significant difference (P = 0.000000119). A significant difference was also observed in Ki-67 between OSCC and normal tissue (P = 0.00000086). Correlation test showed a weak correlation (R = 0.19) between USP22 and Ki-67 expression of group 1. Similarly, a weak correlation (R = 0.51) was observed in group 2. Conclusion A statistically significant difference in the expression of USP22 and Ki-67 was observed between normal mucosa and OSCC. It can be used in early diagnosis of OSCC but its use as a prognostic indicator is questionable and should be exemplified with a larger study sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelikani Chaitra Apoorva
- Department of Oral Pathology, St Joseph Dental College and Hospital, Duggirala, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Anuradha Ananthaneni
- Department of Oral Pathology, St Joseph Dental College and Hospital, Duggirala, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A. Jagadeesh Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology, St Joseph Dental College and Hospital, Duggirala, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Srinivas Guduru
- Department of Oral Pathology, St Joseph Dental College and Hospital, Duggirala, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - H K Puneeth
- Department of Oral Pathology, St Joseph Dental College and Hospital, Duggirala, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Escobar E, Gómez-Valenzuela F, Peñafiel C, Hormazábal-Hevia A, Herrera-Fuentes C, Mori-Aliaga D. Immunohistochemical expression of COX-2, Ki-67, Bcl-2, Bax, VEGF and CD105 according to histological grading in oral squamous cell carcinoma. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE PATOLOGIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CITOLOGIA 2023; 56:147-157. [PMID: 37419553 PMCID: PMC10234467 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent head and neck cancer. Few studies have analyzed the expression of proteins related to inflammation (COX-2) and tumor progression according to the histological grade of OSCC. OBJECTIVE Analyze the immunohistochemical expression of COX-2, Ki-67 (cell proliferation), Bcl-2/Bax (apoptosis), VEGF, and CD105 (angiogenesis) according to histological grades of OSCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS The immunohistochemical expression of COX-2, Ki-67, Bcl-2, Bax, VEGF, and CD105 of 58 cases of OSCC was analyzed. 13 cases of oral mucosa (OM) were analyzed as controls. RESULTS COX-2, VEGF, CD105, and Ki-67 were higher in OSCC than in OM, particularly in poorly differentiated OSCC (p<0.05). Bax expression was lower in poorly differentiated OSCC (p<0.001). The Bcl-2/Bax ratio was higher in OSCC compared to MO (p<0.05). CONCLUSION There are immunohistochemical differences according to histological grades of OSCC, which could influence clinical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Escobar
- Departmento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Cristian Peñafiel
- Departmento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alondra Hormazábal-Hevia
- Departmento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constanza Herrera-Fuentes
- Departmento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diana Mori-Aliaga
- Departmento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Gupta V, Ramalingam K, Yasothkumar D, Debnath D, Sundar V. Ki-67 Expression as a Prognostic Marker: A Comparative Immunohistochemical Analysis of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e38941. [PMID: 37313057 PMCID: PMC10259728 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral dysplasia is a frequent precancerous condition that may lead to oral cancer. The histopathologic abnormalities exhibited in a chronic, progressive, and premalignant condition of the oral mucosa are referred to as oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). It might show up as erythroplakia, leukoplakia, or leukoerythroplakia. OED is a premalignancy histologic marker that predicts a higher likelihood of squamous cell carcinoma development. Aims and objectives The aim of this study is to identify an association between Ki-67 protein expression and histological grading of OED and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to compare the expression of Ki-67 in different grades of OED and OSCC with the prognosis. Materials and methods The current retrospective research is focused on evaluating epithelial dysplasia and analyzing the function of Ki-67 as a prognostic marker after receiving institutional ethical approval. Group I - normal oral mucosa (NOM), Group II - OED, and Group III - OSCC were included in the study. For statistical analysis, SPSS Statistics version 21.0 (IBM Corp. Released 2021. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 28.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) was utilized. The Cox regression model was employed to look at interactions between various prognostic variables. At p<0.05, differences were deemed statistically significant. Results Ki-67 expression was confined to the basal layers in the normal oral epithelium and in the basal, suprabasal, and spinous layers in OED. Ki-67 positive cells were mostly found on the perimeter of well, moderate, and poorly differentiated OSCC tumor nests with Ki-67 positive cells scattered throughout OSCC. According to statistical analysis, there is a substantial difference in expression between OED and NOM, OSCC and NOM, and OED and OSCC. Conclusion Our study showed that there is a progressive increase in Ki-67 expression across various grades of OED, and the highest expression was noted in OSCC. Early identification and prompt treatment will help in improving the quality of life of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Gupta
- Oral Pathology, Maharaj Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sri Ganganagar, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Dinesh Yasothkumar
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Diptakshi Debnath
- Oral Pathology, Maharaj Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sri Ganganagar, IND
| | - Vinay Sundar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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22
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Zhang C, Cai Q, Ke J. Poor Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Correlates With ITGA6. Int Dent J 2023; 73:178-185. [PMID: 35820930 PMCID: PMC10023534 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related death. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for 90% of all oral cancers. Autophagy is a conserved essential catabolic process related to OSCC. The aim of this study was to elucidate diagnostic and prognostic autophagy-related biomarkers in OSCC. METHODS The OSCC gene expression data set was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the OSCC samples and adjacent healthy tissues were identified by R software. The Human Autophagy Database was screened, which revealed 222 autophagy-related genes. The autophagy-related DEGs were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were applied. Protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed in the STRING database. cytoHubba in the Cytoscape software was applied to determine the top 10 hub genes. The data set of patients with OSCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to evaluate the prognostic value of the 10 hub genes. The association between prognosis-related hub genes and immune infiltrates was explored. RESULTS Twenty-seven autophagy-related DEGs were identified. The top 10 hub genes were CCL2, CDKN2A, CTSB, CTSD, CXCR4, ITGA6, MAP1LC3A, MAPK3, PARP1, and RAB11A. ITGA6 was identified as the most efficient biomarker. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that ITGA6 had the highest diagnostic accuracy for OSCC (area under the curve = 0.925). ITGA6 expression was significantly related to immune infiltrates. CONCLUSIONS The autophagy-related gene ITGA6 might be an efficient diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Churen Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, China.
| | - Qiaoling Cai
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, China.
| | - Jianguo Ke
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, China.
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23
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Tarle M, Raguž M, Muller D, Lukšić I. Nuclear Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Overexpression as a Survival Predictor in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065816. [PMID: 36982894 PMCID: PMC10056291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine, by immunohistochemical methods, the expression of nEGFR and markers of cell proliferation (Ki-67), cell cycle (mEGFR, p53, cyclin D1), and tumor stem cells (ABCG2) in 59 pathohistological samples of healthy oral mucosa, 50 oral premalignant changes (leukoplakia and erythroplakia), and 52 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). An increase in the expression of mEGFR and nEGFR was found with the development of the disease (p < 0.0001). In the group of patients with leukoplakia and erythroplakia, we found a positive correlation between nEGFR and Ki67, p53, cyclin D1, and mEGFR, whereas in the group of patients with OSCC, we found a positive correlation between nEGFR and Ki67, mEGFR (p < 0.05). Tumors without perineural (PNI) invasion had a higher expression of p53 protein than tumors with PNI (p = 0.02). Patients with OSCC and overexpression of nEGFR had shorter overall survival (p = 0.004). The results of this study suggest a potentially important independent role of nEGFR in oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Tarle
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Raguž
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danko Muller
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Lukšić
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Rana S, Mondal P, Mandal M, Datta P, Maji I, Chakraborty J. Expression of stathmin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with tumour proliferation. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:103-108. [PMID: 37234316 PMCID: PMC10207213 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_202_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stathmin is a member of microtubule-associated protein. Inhibition of Stathmin expression can interfere with tumour progression and also alter the sensitivity of tumour cells to microtubule-targeting agents. Thus, it could be a potential therapeutic target for planning new treatment strategies. Objective To study expression of Stathmin in different histological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its correlation with Ki67 index. Materials and Methods This study was an observational retrospective and prospective study conducted during a period of two and half years from January 2015 to June 2017 at ESI-PGIMSR Maniktala, Kolkata where 52 cases of OSCC were studied. Haematoxylin and eosin sections were reviewed and representative paraffin blocks were selected. Immunostains were performed using antibody clones for Stathmin and Ki67. For Stathmin scoring, Segersten scoring system was applied. Statistical analysis was done by Graph Pad Prism using Krusher Wallis Test and one-way ANOVA test. Spearman's coefficient was used to establish corelation between Ki 67 and Stathmin overexpression. Results In this study, it is found that strong Stathmin expression score (4-9) was detected mostly (82.35%) in moderately differentiated (MD) OSCC and poorly differentiated (PD) OSCC (100%), whereas in contrast, 60% of well-differentiated OSCC showed negative-to-weak Stathmin score (1-3). Mean Ki67-labelling index for well-differentiated carcinoma was 32.37%, for moderately differentiated carcinoma was 60.89, and poorly differentiated carcinoma was 86.15%, which demonstrated increased tumour cell proliferation with progression of histological grades of OSCC. Conclusion Stathmin expression was higher in MD OSCC to PD OSCC compared to well-differentiated carcinoma and its overexpression was significantly correlated with Ki67 index. Thus, Stathmin is overexpressed in higher grades and is correlated with high proliferation of tumour with a potential role as therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyadev Rana
- Department of Pathology, ESI-PGIMSR Manicktala, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Mondal
- Department of Pathology, ESIC Model Hospital, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Manik Mandal
- Department of Pathology, Damodar Valley Corporation, Purulia, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratyush Datta
- Department of Pathology, ESI-PGIMSR Manicktala, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ishita Maji
- Department of Pathology, ESI-PGIMSR Manicktala, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayati Chakraborty
- Department of Pathology, ESI-PGIMSR Manicktala, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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25
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Listiyana A, Kristanti RA, Aishaqeena AMF, Ahmad APM, Astari LF, Indradmojo C, Inayatilah FR. Effect of ethanol extract from Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium leaves on Ki-67 proliferation and dysplasia severity in a rat model of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Open Vet J 2023; 13:99-107. [PMID: 36777434 PMCID: PMC9897507 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignant tumor that can rapidly infiltrate the oral epithelial tissue and cause high mortality worldwide because the available therapies are less effective. Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium leaf contains secondary metabolites as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimutagenic. Aims The study aimed to analyze the ethanolic extract of C. cinerariifolium leaf in reducing proliferation (Ki-67) and the degree of dysplasia in OSCC rats. Methods This study used male Sprague Dawley induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) 0.5% and divided into five treatment groups, namely positive control/C+ (sick), negative control/C- (healthy), and treatment group induced with DMBA and given extract C. cinerariifolium leaf with successive doses of T1, T2, and T3 (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw). The oral epithelium was stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically stained with a Ki-67 monoclonal antibody. The statistical analysis utilizes the one-way analysis of variance test. Results The results showed that T1 at a dose of 200 mg/kg bw could significantly reduce Ki-67 expression and the degree of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED; p < 0.05) close to healthy controls. Conclusion The conclusion shows that C. cinerariifolium leaf extract can be a therapy against OSCC by decreasing cell proliferation and the degree of OED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Listiyana
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, Indonesia,Corresponding Author: Anik Listiyana. Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Risma Aprinda Kristanti
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Al Mazida Fauzil Aishaqeena
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Anggun Putri Maulana Ahmad
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Lina Fitria Astari
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Christyaji Indradmojo
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Fidia Rizkiah Inayatilah
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, Indonesia
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26
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Wang X, Abi-Raad R, Tang H, Cai G. Ki-67 index assessment on FNA specimens of gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Correlation with mitotic rate and potential predictive value for risk stratification. Cancer Cytopathol 2022; 130:974-982. [PMID: 35876606 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk assessment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is challenging on cytology specimens. This study aims to determine whether Ki-67 index evaluated on fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens can correlate with the mitotic rate of GIST in surgical specimens and provide further risk assessment. METHODS Cases with cell blocks containing adequate tumor cells and surgical resections were included. Ki-67 immunostain was retrospectively performed on cell block sections, and Ki-67 index was calculated on the "hot spot" areas. RESULTS This study included 50 GIST cases from stomach (n = 45; 90%), duodenum (n = 4; 8%), and distal esophagus (n = 1; 2%). The tumor size ranged from 1.5 cm to 21 cm (mean, 5.4 cm). Based on the mitotic count, 37 GISTs (74%) had low mitotic rate (LMR) and 13 GISTs (26%) had high mitotic rate (HMR). The spindle cell, epithelioid, and mixed types accounted for 60%, 14%, and 26% of GIST, respectively. Ki-67 index counted on cell block sections correlated well with mitotic count evaluated in surgical specimens (r = 0.8031). Mean Ki-67 index was higher in HMR than LMR groups (3.5% vs. 1%, p < .001). The receiver operating characteristic curve using Ki-67 index to predict mitotic rate was further analyzed, and area under the curve was 0.839. Using a cutoff of 2.5% yielded a sensitivity of 70% at 92% specificity. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates good correlations between Ki-67 index and mitotic count or risk stratification, suggesting that Ki-67 index evaluated on cytology specimens may offer a promising approach to preoperatively predict the mitotic rate and risk of GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rita Abi-Raad
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Haiming Tang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Guoping Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Tancredi-Cueto N, Vigil-Bastitta G, Bologna-Molina R, Beovide-Cortegoso V. The value of Phosphohistone H3 as a cell proliferation marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma. A comparative study with Ki-67 and the mitotic activity index. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2022; 27:e444-e451. [PMID: 35975799 PMCID: PMC9445610 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) antibody is recognized as a biomarker of cell proliferation, specific for cells in mitosis, of prognostic value in different malignant neoplasms, however it has been poorly studied in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of the PHH3 in the OSCC, through the correlation with the immunoexpression of Ki-67, the mitotic activity index (MAI), histological grading, clinical-morphological parameters and the rate of survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 62 cases of OSCC diagnosed in the Pathological Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic (Uruguay). In each of them, an immunohistochemical technique was performed for Ki-67 and PHH3 (serine 10) antibodies. Image J software was used for the MAI and biomarker quantification, defining the percentage of positivity and mitotic figures per 1000 tumor cells. RESULTS a significant association was obtained between the expression of PHH3 (p 0.016) and MAI (p 0.031) with survival time. However, no similar relationship was found with Ki-67 (p 0.295). Although it was confirmed a statistical association between histological grade and Ki-67 immunoexpression (p 0.004), PHH3 did not show a similar relationship (p 0.564). CONCLUSIONS It was confirmed the role of the PHH3 antibody as a biomarker of mitotic figures in OSCC and as a potential marker of cell proliferation. It is noteworthy that this is one of the first works that evaluates a possible relationship between the expression of this antibody and survival in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tancredi-Cueto
- Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry University of the Republic, Uruguay
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28
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Jayaraman S, Pazhani J, PriyaVeeraraghavan V, Raj AT, Somasundaram DB, Patil S. PCNA and Ki67: Prognostic proliferation markers for oral cancer. Oral Oncol 2022; 130:105943. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Silveira FM, Schuch LF, Schmidt TR, Lopes MP, Wagner VP, Só BB, Palo RM, Martins MD. Response to: Concerns regarding the published article “Potentially carcinogenic effects of hydrogen peroxide for tooth bleaching on the oral mucosa: A systematic review and meta-analysis” by Silveira et al. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 128:1131-1133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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30
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Idrees M, Shearston K, Farah CS, Kujan O. Immunoexpression of oral brush biopsy enhances the accuracy of diagnosis for oral lichen planus and lichenoid lesions. J Oral Pathol Med 2022; 51:563-572. [PMID: 35460123 PMCID: PMC9542982 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background This study assessed the efficacy of using oral liquid‐based brush cytology (OLBC) coupled with immunostained cytology‐derived cell‐blocks, quantified using machine‐learning, in the diagnosis of oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods Eighty‐two patients diagnosed clinically with either OLP or oral lichenoid lesion (OLL) were included. OLBC samples were obtained from all patients before undergoing surgical biopsy. Liquid‐based cytology slides and cell‐blocks were prepared and assessed by cytomorphology and immunocytochemistry for four antibodies (Ki‐67, BAX, NF‐κB‐p65, and AMACR). For comparison purposes, a sub‐group of 31 matched surgical biopsy samples were selected randomly and assessed by immunohistochemistry. Patients were categorized according to their definitive diagnoses into OLP, OLL, and clinically lichenoid, but histopathologically dysplastic lesions (OEDL). Machine‐learning was utilized to provide automated quantification of positively stained protein expression. Results Cytomorphological assessment was associated with an accuracy of 77.27% in the distinction between OLP/OLL and OEDL. A strong concordance of 92.5% (κ = 0.84) of immunostaining patterns was evident between cell‐blocks and tissue sections using machine‐learning. A diagnostic index using a Ki‐67‐based model was 100% accurate in detecting lichenoid cases with epithelial dysplasia. A BAX‐based model demonstrated an accuracy of 92.16%. The accuracy of cytomorphological assessment was greatly improved when it was combined with BAX immunoreactivity (95%). Conclusions Cell‐blocks prepared from OLBC are reliable and minimally‐invasive alternatives to surgical biopsies to diagnose OLLs with epithelial dysplasia when combined with Ki‐67 immunostaining. Machine‐learning has a promising role in the automated quantification of immunostained protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdy Idrees
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kate Shearston
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Camile S Farah
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research and Education, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Oral, Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,Anatomical Pathology, Australian Clinical Labs, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia.,CQ University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Li Y, Cha SB, Park Y, Gong BH, Jeong IY, Kim HS, Kang MS, Kim YS, Han CH, Lee HK, Song SW, Park CG, Kang BH. Evaluation of Caspase-3 and Ki-67 expression in squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach induced by Platycodi radix water extract in Sprague–Dawley rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2022; 35:45-52. [PMID: 35221495 PMCID: PMC8828602 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2021-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Platycodi radix is widely used in traditional herbal medicine for the
treatment of bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and
diabetes. This study aimed to investigate cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis
(Caspase-3) potential in squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach induced by a
Platycodi radix water extract in a subchronic toxicity study. One
hundred formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded stomach tissues of rats treated with
Platycodi radix at doses of 0, 500, 1,000, and 3,000 mg/kg body
weight/day were used for the analysis. They were conventionally stained using hematoxylin
and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemically (IHC) stained using caspase-3 and Ki-67
antibodies. The incidence of squamous cell hyperplasia was significantly increased in the
3,000 mg/kg b.w./day treatment group in both sexes (p<0.01). However, the hyperplastic
change was completely repaired after 4 weeks of recovery period. Ki-67 expression was
similar in all groups, with no statistically significant differences among the groups.
Caspase-3 expression was significantly increased in both sexes in the 3,000 mg/kg b.w./day
treatment group (p<0.01), compared with the vehicle control groups, and then reduced to
normal levels in the recovery groups in both sexes. In conclusion, this study showed that
squamous cell hyperplasia induced by the Platycodi radix water extract in
the limiting ridge of the stomach is not considered to be abnormal proliferative change;
as a result, squamous cell hyperplasia is considered to be a non-adverse effect when
induced by the oral administration of the Platycodi radix water extract
once daily for 13 weeks in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Li
- Dt&SanoMedics. Co. Ltd., 15F, 126, Teheran-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Beom Cha
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngil Park
- Non-clinical Center, Dt&CRO Co. Ltd., 46, Yurim-Ro 154 beon-Gil, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ho Gong
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Yeong Jeong
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Soo Kim
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kang
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Kim
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Han
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kul Lee
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Whan Song
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Gyoo Park
- Non-clinical Center, Dt&CRO Co. Ltd., 46, Yurim-Ro 154 beon-Gil, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Boo-Hyon Kang
- Nonclinical Research Institute, ChemOn Inc., Yongin-Si, Republic of Korea
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Ammar OA, El-Missiry MA, Othman AI, Amer ME. Melatonin is a potential oncostatic agent to inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation through multiple pathways. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08837. [PMID: 35141433 PMCID: PMC8814902 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Chemotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Melatonin is a pineal hormone that targets various cancers, however, its antitumor pathways are still not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE This study investigated melatonin's antitumor molecular mechanisms to inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS HepG2 Cells were classified into cells without treatment as a control group and cells treated with melatonin (5.4 mmol/L) for 48 h. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and marker of proliferation Ki-67 were estimated using immunohistochemical analysis. Apoptosis and cell cycle were evaluated using flow cytometric analysis. Apoptotic markers were detected using RT-qPCR assay. Antioxidants and oxidative stress biomarkers were performed using a colorimetric assay. RESULTS Melatonin produced a remarkable steady decrease in the viability of HepG2 cells at a concentration range between 5-20 mmol/L. Melatonin suppressed cell proliferation in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle (34.97 ± 0.92%) and induced apoptosis (12.43 ± 0.73%) through up-regulating p21 and p53 that was confirmed by the reduction of PCNA and Ki-67 expressions. Additionally, melatonin repressed angiogenesis evidenced by the down-regulation of angiopoietin-2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 expressions (0.42-fold change), and the level of CD133. Moreover, melatonin augmented the oxidative stress manifested by a marked increase of 4-hydroxynonenal levels with a reduction of glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Melatonin inhibits proliferation and angiogenesis and induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. These results indicate the oncostatic effectiveness of melatonin on liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A. Ammar
- Basic Science Department, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | | | - Azza I. Othman
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Maggie E. Amer
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Choschzick M, Alyahiaoui M, Ciritsis A, Rossi C, Gut A, Hejduk P, Boss A. Deep learning for the standardized classification of Ki-67 in vulva carcinoma: A feasibility study. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07577. [PMID: 34386617 PMCID: PMC8346648 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of automatic classification of Ki-67 histological immunostainings in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva using a deep convolutional neural network (dCNN). Material and methods For evaluation of the dCNN, we used 55 well characterized squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva in a tissue microarray (TMA) format in this retrospective study. The tumor specimens were classified in 3 different categories C1 (0-2%), C2 (2-20%) and C3 (>20%), representing the relation of the number of KI-67 positive tumor cells to all cancer cells on the TMA spot. Representative areas of the spots were manually labeled by extracting images of 351 × 280 pixels. A dCNN with 13 convolutional layers was used for the evaluation. Two independent pathologists classified 45 labeled images in order to compare the dCNN's results to human readouts. Results Using a small labeled dataset with 1020 images with equal distribution among classes, the dCNN reached an accuracy of 90.9% (93%) for the training (validation) data. Applying a larger dataset with additional 1017 labeled images resulted in an accuracy of 96.1% (91.4%) for the training (validation) dataset. For the human readout, there were no significant differences between the pathologists and the dCNN in Ki-67 classification results. Conclusion The dCNN is capable of a standardized classification of Ki-67 staining in vulva carcinoma; therefore, it may be suitable for quality control and standardization in the assessment of tumor grading.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariam Alyahiaoui
- Institute for Clinical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Ciritsis
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Rossi
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - André Gut
- Institute for Clinical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patryk Hejduk
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Boss
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
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Jie W, Bai J, Yan J, Chi Y, Li BB. Multi-Site Tumour Sampling Improves the Detection of Intra-Tumour Heterogeneity in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:670305. [PMID: 34041255 PMCID: PMC8141800 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.670305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are very common in head and neck malignancy. Intratumour heterogeneity (ITH) may hamper their responses to treatment. Hence, novel tumour sampling methods that reflect ITH are required. In this study, we investigated the clinical significance of multi-site tumour sampling (MSTS) to detect ITH in OSCC and OPSCC. Methods: One hundred eighty-two paired specimens were sampled by routine sampling (RS) or MSTS, respectively. Histologically, tumour grade, peri-tumoural vascular and lymphatic growth, perineural permeation, tumour necrosis, and muscle invasion were assessed. Immunohistochemically, the positive and average detection rates of P53(mutant), ki67 and CyclinD1 were detected. The exon 9 and exon 20 mutations of PIK3CA gene and the methylation status of the CDKN2A promoter were analysed. Results: Microscopically, the detection rate of perineural permeation, the detection density of peri-tumoural vascular and lymphatic growth, necrosis and muscle invasion in MSTS were significantly more frequent than those in RP (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.01). MSTS resulted in a higher detection rate of P53 (mutant), ki67, and CyclinD1 expression than did RS, but the difference was not significant. MSTS's detection rates in PIK3CA gene mutation and gene methylation sequencing in CDKN2A gene promoter region were both higher than RP (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). To be emphasised, the hotspot mutation H1047Rwas detected in one MSTS specimen (case 24M5) but in no RS specimens. Conclusions: This study verified that MSTS's advantage in the reflection of morphological and molecular characteristics of OSCC and OPSCC. MSTS was more representative than RP. Therefore, MSTS can compensate the RP limitations in ITH detection especially in large tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Jie
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumours of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaying Bai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumours of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumours of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanting Chi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumours of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumours of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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35
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Gadbail AR, Sarode SC, Chaudhary MS, Gondivkar SM, Tekade SA, Yuwanati M, Patil S. Ki67 Labelling Index predicts clinical outcome and survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Appl Oral Sci 2021; 29:e20200751. [PMID: 33656066 PMCID: PMC7934280 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the Ki 67 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological features and 3 years as well as 5 years survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODOLOGY Total 217cases of OSCC primarily treated with surgery with or without radiation were included. All patients were followed up for 3 years and 150 were followed up of 5 years for disease free survival. The immunohistochemistry was carried out on neutral buffered formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue to evaluate the expression of Ki67. RESULTS The Ki67 labeling index (LI) was significantly higher with respect to adverse clinicopathological parameters such as histopathological grading (p<0.001), clinical TNM staging (p<0.001) and nodal metastasis (p<0.001). The OSCC patients survived for less than 3 and 5 years were showed significantly higher Ki67 LI as compared to diseases free survived more than 3 and 5 years(p<0.001). The three years survival rate of OSCC patient significantly higher with low Ki67 LI (≤45) 96.2%, followed by moderate Ki67 LI (46 to 60) 60.7% and high Ki67 LI (≥61) 37.7% (p<0.001). The five years survival rate of OSCC patient statistically significantly higher with low Ki67 LI (≤45)93.3%, followed by moderate Ki67 LI (46 to 60) 46.8% and Ki67 LI (≥61) 23.3% (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The measurement of cell proliferative activity by using Ki67 antigen expression in individual OSCC might provide unique, predictive information on clinical outcome, prognosis and deciding treatment modalities in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol Ramchandra Gadbail
- Indira Gandhi Government Medical College and Hospital, Department of Dentistry, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Pimpri, India
| | - Minal S Chaudhary
- Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailesh M Gondivkar
- Government Dental College & Hospital, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satyajit Ashok Tekade
- Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Gandhi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453112, India
| | - Monal Yuwanati
- People's University, People's College of Dental Science & Research Centre, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Jazan University, College of Dentistry, Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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36
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Immunohistochemical Differences in Squamous Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of the Oral Cavity and the Larynx: Preliminary Data. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess immune cell populations in squamous precancerous (preinvasive) and cancerous lesions of the oral cavity and larynx. Qualitative and quantitative immunohistochemical analyses were performed to determine the expressions of CD4, CD8, CD15, CD57 and CD68. The expressions of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), p16 and Ki67 were also assessed. Squamous cell lesions from forty-one patients were included in the study. Sixteen samples were categorized as precancerous (preinvasive) lesions and twenty-five as invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Invasive lesions showed a negative correlation with CD57+ cells (ρ = −0.69) and a positive correlation with Ki67 (ρ = 0.61). The amount of CD4+ lymphocytes was higher in invasive lesions. There were no differences in PD-L1 and p16 immunoreactivity. Our analysis showed differences in the immunohistochemical profile between preinvasive and invasive squamous cell lesions. In the near future, this study should be useful in driving treatment strategy in both preinvasive and invasive squamous cell lesions of the oral cavity and larynx. However, studies on larger series of patients focusing on site-specific lesions are required.
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Nishat R, Swain S, Ramachandran S, Raghuvanshi M, Behura S, Kumar H. Comparative evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of MCM2 and Ki67 in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 18:997-1002. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_10_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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38
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Qayoom S, Bharti A, Jaiswal R, Agarwal P, Singh RK, Agarwal SP, Bhalla S, Makker A, Goel M. Can dual staining with p16 and Ki67 be biomarkers of epithelial dysplasia in oral lesions? J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 18:1003-1008. [PMID: 36149153 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_40_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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p63 +Krt5 + basal cells are increased in the squamous metaplastic epithelium of patients with radiation-induced chronic Rhinosinusitis. Radiat Oncol 2020; 15:222. [PMID: 32977822 PMCID: PMC7517817 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-01656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Squamous metaplasia (SM) is an irreversible form of airway epithelial remodeling. Hyperproliferation of basal cells was observed in squamous metaplastic epithelium of chronically inflamed airway. However, the association of such aberrant proliferation of basal cells with SM in the nasal epithelium after radiation damage remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate SM and accompanying levels of p63+Krt5+ (basal cell markers) cells in the nasal epithelium of patients with radiation-induced chronic rhinosinusitis (CRSr) and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) compared to healthy controls. Methods We assessed the prevalence of SM and the expression of p63+, Krt5+, p63+Krt5+, and Ki67+ cells through immunofluorescence(IF) staining of the inferior turbinate (IT) tissues from patients with CRSr (n = 36), CRSsNP (n = 33) and controls (n = 28). Results The prevalence of SM and the number of p63+Krt5+ cells were both significantly increased in patients with CRSr compared to patients with CRSsNP and controls. The number of Ki67+ cells were both significantly increased in patients with CRSr and CRSsNP compared to controls, but the ratio of Ki67+ cells to p63+Krt5+ cells was significantly lower in patients with CRSr compared to patients with CRSsNP. In patients with CRSr, an increased number of p63+Krt5+ basal cells was observed in SM epithelium compared to non-SM epithelium. Conclusion SM is increased in the nasal epithelium of patients with CRSr, in which aberrant levels of p63+Krt5+ basal cells serves as an important pathologic feature in the squamous metaplastic epithelium.
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40
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Dash KC, Mahapatra N, Bhuyan L, Panda A, Behura SS, Mishra P. An Immunohistochemical Study Showing Ki-67 as an Analytical Marker in Oral Malignant and Premalignant Lesions. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S274-S278. [PMID: 33149470 PMCID: PMC7595483 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_83_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ki-67 is a nuclear protein. It is a proliferation marker that has an essential function in tumorigenesis due to its positive connection with tumor expansion. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the articulation of Ki‑67 as prognostic marker in various grades of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods A total of 100 histologically affirmed samples of normal oral mucosa (NOM), OED, and OSCC were divided into three groups-Group I (10 samples of normal oral mucosa), Group II (45 samples of OED), Group III (45 samples of OSCC). Routine hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 monoclonal antibody were carried out in all the samples. Results Within Group I, articulation of Ki-67 was constrained to the basal layers. In Group II, cells showing positive expression of Ki-67 were available in the basal, suprabasal, and spinous layers. Cells showing positive expression of Ki-67 among well-differentiated OSCC were presented mainly in the periphery of the tumor nests; in moderately differentiated OSCC, cells were located in both peripheral and part of a center of the tumor nests; and in most cases of poorly differentiated OSCC, cells were diffused. Statistically significant difference in positive expression of Ki-67 was appreciated between three groups. Conclusion Ki-67 antigen may perhaps be used as a marker for the histological reviewing of OED and OSCC. With the increase in the severity of OED, cells showing positive expression of Ki-67 also increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash C Dash
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Niva Mahapatra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Lipsa Bhuyan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Abikshyeet Panda
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shyam S Behura
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pallavi Mishra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Differential Expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in Oral Verrucous Carcinoma and Oral Verrucous Hyperplasia. Head Neck Pathol 2020; 15:408-415. [PMID: 32720035 PMCID: PMC8134610 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 that catalyzes trimethylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3), has been shown to promote tumor development and progression. Expression of EZH2 is associated with cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation in various neoplasms. Oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH) and Oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) are rare entities and share several clinical and histopathologic features. Problems distinguishing these lesions are added by a lack of adjacent normal tissue of the biopsy samples and poorly oriented tissue sections. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in OVH and OVC and comparing the expression with normal oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Seventy-eight samples, including 25 cases of OVC, 8 cases of OVH, 35 cases of OSCC and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa, were retrieved and submitted for immunohistochemical staining. The results demonstrated that the mean labeling indices (LIs) of EZH2 and H3K27me3 expression were highest in OSCC, followed by the OVC, OVH, and normal mucosa. Statistical differences in EZH2 LI were observed among these lesions whereas H3K27me3 LI was significantly different among OSCC, OVH and normal mucosa. EZH2 LI was found to have a sensitivity of 72.00% and specificity of 87.50% in distinguishing OVH from OVC, and a sensitivity of 57.14% and specificity of 84.00% in distinguishing OVC from OSCC. A positive correlation between EZH2 and H3K27me3 expression was significantly found in OVC but not in OVH and OSCC. These findings highlight the involvement of epigenetic regulation by EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 in the pathogenesis of OVH and OVC, and EZH2 expression indicates disease progression of these verrucous lesions. Diagnostic test analysis further suggests that EZH2 may be used as an additional test for differentiating OVH from OVC in questionable cases.
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42
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Klein IP, Meurer L, Danilevicz CK, Squarize CH, Martins MD, Carrard VC. BMI-1 expression increases in oral leukoplakias and correlates with cell proliferation. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28:e20190532. [PMID: 32348447 PMCID: PMC7185978 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral leukoplakia (OL) is a white lesion of an indeterminate risk not related to any excluded (other) known diseases or disorders that carry no increased risk for cancer. Many biological markers have been used in an attempt to predict malignant transformation; however, no reliable markers have been established so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Peres Klein
- Departamento de Odontologia Conservadora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Luise Meurer
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Chris Krebs Danilevicz
- Departamento de Odontologia Conservadora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Helena Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Departamento de Odontologia Conservadora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Vinicius Coelho Carrard
- Departamento de Odontologia Conservadora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Chen XJ, Zhang XQ, Tang MX, Liu Q, Zhou G. Anti-PD-L1-modified and ATRA-loaded nanoparticles for immuno-treatment of oral dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:951-968. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop nanomedicines for immuno-therapy of oral dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials & methods: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid) (PLGA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) nanomedicines were fabricated by loading ATRA into PLGA-PEG nanocarriers and modification using an anti-PD-L1 antibody. Results: ATRA-PLGA-PEG-PD-L1 nanoparticles showed fast cellular uptake, significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in DOK and CAL27 cells. Moreover, in C3H tumor-bearing mice, ATRA-PLGA-PEG-PD-L1 nanoparticles more specifically targeted tumor cells, enhanced anticancer activity and reduced side effects when compared with free ATRA. Furthermore, CD8+ T cells were activated around PD-L1 positive cells in the tumor microenvironment after treatment. Conclusion: ATRA-PLGA-PEG-PD-L1 nanoparticles had low toxicity, high biocompatibility and specifically targeted oral dysplasia and squamous carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Xue-Qiong Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Ming-Xiu Tang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
- Department of Oral Medicine, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
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