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Santiago-Moreno J, Castaño C, Toledano-Díaz A, Esteso M, López-Sebastián A, Villaverde-Morcillo S, Dávila S, Gil M, Blesbois E. Successful chilling of red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) sperm for use in artificial insemination. Poult Sci 2017; 96:4068-4074. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Pradiee J, Esteso MC, Castaño C, Toledano-Díaz A, Lopez-Sebastián A, Guerra R, Santiago-Moreno J. Conventional slow freezing cryopreserves mouflon spermatozoa better than vitrification. Andrologia 2016; 49. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Pradiee
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal; INIA; Madrid Spain
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico - Cnpq; Brasilia Brasil
| | - M. C. Esteso
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal; INIA; Madrid Spain
| | - C. Castaño
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal; INIA; Madrid Spain
| | | | | | - R. Guerra
- Zoológico de Córdoba; Ayuntamiento de Córdoba; Córdoba Spain
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Villagrán M, Ungerfeld R. Permanent contact with females increases testosterone and improves fresh semen traits in pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) males. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 143:85-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Santiago-Moreno J, Castaño C, Toledano-Díaz A, Esteso M, López-Sebastián A, Guerra R, Ruiz M, Mendoza N, Luna C, Cebrián-Pérez J, Hildebrandt T. Cryopreservation of aoudad (Ammotragus lervia sahariensis) sperm obtained by transrectal ultrasound-guided massage of the accessory sex glands and electroejaculation. Theriogenology 2013; 79:383-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hussain S, Lessard C, Anzar M. A strategy for improvement of postthaw quality of bison sperm. Theriogenology 2013; 79:108-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Effect of insulin-like growth factor-I on some quality traits and fertility of cryopreserved ovine semen. Theriogenology 2012; 78:907-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cryopreservation of Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica) sperm obtained by electroejaculation outside the rutting season. Theriogenology 2009; 71:1253-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fernández-Santos MR, Esteso MC, Montoro V, Soler AJ, Garde JJ. Cryopreservation of Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) epididymal spermatozoa: Effects of egg yolk, glycerol and cooling rate. Theriogenology 2006; 66:1931-42. [PMID: 16759687 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2006] [Revised: 04/27/2006] [Accepted: 05/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of egg yolk (EY), glycerol, and cooling rate on the cryosurvival of red deer epididymal spermatozoa. The aim of Experiment 1 was to examine the effects of two EY types (clarified EY, CE, prepared by centrifugation, and whole EY, WE), and four EY concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 20%) on cryosurvival of red deer epididymal spermatozoa. Sperm samples were diluted to a final sperm concentration of approximately 200 x 10(6)spermatozoa/ml with a Tris-citrate-fructose-EY extender (TCF) prior to freezing. Sperm cryosurvival was judged in vitro by microscopic assessments of individual sperm motility, viability and of plasma membrane (by means of the HOS test) and acrosome (NAR) integrities. Cryopreservation of red deer epididymal spermatozoa frozen in a clarified EY extender, and with a 20% EY resulted in more vigorous post-thaw and post-incubation motilities (P<0.0001). Moreover, our results showed that regardless of the egg yolk concentration tested, the best sperm quality was obtained with the use of CE. Therefore, the objective of Experiment 2 was to explore the post-thaw effects of four clarified egg yolk concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 20%), two final glycerol concentrations (3 and 6%), and two cooling rates from 22 to 5 degrees C (slow: 0.23 degrees C/min; rapid: 4.2 degrees C/min) on red deer epididymal spermatozoa. At thawing, the effects of CE and glycerol concentrations, and cooling rate, all independently affected post-thaw sperm quality, while there were no effects of interactions on post-thawing sperm quality. Therefore, we studied each variable separately. Differences (P<0.05) for most of the semen parameters evaluated were found between the two final glycerol concentrations tested, with the high values after thawing found with the use of 6% glycerol (58.8+/-1.4 versus 46.2+/-1.4, for sperm motility). Moreover, the cooling rate did not have an effect on the semen characteristics, except for NAR (P<0.05), with the high values after thawing found with the use of the rapid protocol (64.5+/-1.4 versus 59.9+/-1.4). In conclusion, the use of 20% CE and 6% glycerol in combination with a rapid cooling rate, significantly improved red deer epididymal spermatozoa freezability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Fernández-Santos
- Grupo de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), UCLM-CSIC-JCCM, Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain
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Jensen JR, Walker JH, Milki AA, Westphal L, Behr B. The effect of a two-hour, room temperature incubation of human spermatozoa in TEST-yolk buffer on the rate of fertilization in vitro. J Assist Reprod Genet 2005; 21:169-73. [PMID: 15279324 PMCID: PMC3455525 DOI: 10.1023/b:jarg.0000031250.35595.ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To reassess the use of TEST-yolk buffer (TYB) in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program by comparing fertilization rates achieved in a glucose-free cleavage medium by the standard IVF preparation of sperm versus a 2-h, room temperature incubation of sperm in TYB. METHODS Oocytes collected for IVF were randomly split into two groups and inseminated with either TYB-treated sperm or IVF-prepared sperm. SETTING Stanford Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Center. PATIENTS Fifty couples undergoing IVF with at least 10 mature oocytes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Fertilization rates in vitro. RESULTS Fertilization rates were significantly higher (p = 0.015) with TYB treatment. The average 2PN fertilization rate was 49.6% (188/379) for the IVF group and 57.4% (221/385) in the IVF with TYB group. CONCLUSIONS A 2-h, room temperature incubation of sperm in TYB produces significantly higher 2PN fertilization rates as compared to standard IVF preparation of sperm in a current generation cleavage medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie R. Jensen
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - John H. Walker
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - Amin A. Milki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, California 94305-5317
| | - Lynn Westphal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, California 94305-5317
| | - Barry Behr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, California 94305-5317
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Spindler RE, Huang Y, Howard JG, Wang P, Zhang H, Zhang G, Wildt DE. Acrosomal integrity and capacitation are not influenced by sperm cryopreservation in the giant panda. Reproduction 2004; 127:547-56. [PMID: 15129010 DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation and artificial insemination are important management tools for giant panda breeding and the preservation of extant genetic diversity. This study examined the influence of freeze-thawing on sperm function, specifically capacitation. Sperm from nine giant pandas were assessed before and after rapid (- 40 and - 100 degrees C/min) cryopreservation by incubation in HEPES-buffered Ham's F10 medium with and without the capacitation accelerators, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP). At 0, 3 and 6 h of exposure, aliquots were assessed for sperm motility traits and capacitation, defined as the proportion of sperm with intact acrosomes following exposure to solubilised zonae pellucidae (ursid or felid) or calcium ionophore subtracted from the proportion of sperm with intact acrosomes before exposure. Although mean+/-S.E.M. sperm motility post-thaw (56.1 +/- 3.9% at 0 h) was less (P < 0.05) than pre-freeze (71.7 +/- 6.0%), there was no difference (P > 0.05) in the proportion of acrosome-intact sperm (fresh, 93.0 +/- 1.7% versus cryopreserved-thawed, 81.7 +/- 4.7% at 0 h). Incidence of capacitation was greater (P < 0.05) in fresh sperm incubated with capacitation accelerators IBMX and dbcAMP (9 h: 50.9 +/- 1.1) compared with fresh sperm incubated without accelerators (9 h: 41.2 +/- 1.1%). Frozen-thawed sperm preincubated without accelerators underwent capacitation (49.6 +/- 1.1%) to a greater extent (P < 0.05) compared with these fresh counterparts. Thawed samples with (9 h: 45.9 +/- 1.4%) and without accelerators (9 h: 41.2 +/- 1.1%) did not differ (P > 0.05) during the 9-h incubation. We conclude that giant panda spermatozoa (1) undergo capacitation in vitro with or without chemical accelerators and (2) withstand a rapid cryopreservation protocol, including retaining normal acrosomal integrity and functional capacitation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Spindler
- Conservation and Research Center, Smithsonian's National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, Virginia 22630, USA.
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Gil J, Lundeheim N, Söderquist L, Rodriíuez-Martínez H. Influence of extender, temperature, and addition of glycerol on post-thaw sperm parameters in ram semen. Theriogenology 2003; 59:1241-55. [PMID: 12527072 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(02)01177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Using a two-step extension methodology, two experiments were conducted using a split-sample design to compare the effect on post-thaw ram sperm parameters of a milk-based extender (Experiment 1) containing four different egg yolk concentrations (5% [M5], 10% [M10], 15% [M15], and 20% [M20]), and a commercially available extender (Bioexcell); IMV, L'Aigle, France) free from additives of animal origin, containing two different final glycerol concentrations (3.2% [B] and 6.4% [BB]) (Experiment 2). In both experiments, glycerol was added either at 5 degrees C or at 15 degrees C together with the second fraction of each extender. The sperm characteristics assessed were motility (measured subjectively [SM] and by means of cell motion analysis (CASA), membrane integrity (SYBR-14/PI), and capacitation status (chlortetracycline (CTC)/EthD-1). Results of Experiment 1 showed no significant positive effect of increasing the concentration of egg yolk above 10% on post-thaw motility, membrane integrity, or induction of sperm capacitation-like changes. In Experiment 2, Bioexcell (BB) yielded similar post-thaw results as did the milk extender (control). In both experiments, post-thaw sperm parameters were better preserved when glycerol was added at 5 degrees C, although the results were not always statistically significant for all variables studied. In conclusion, when using milk-based extenders for freezing ram semen, low (5-10%) concentrations of egg yolk and the addition of glycerol at 5 degrees C are recommended. Furthermore, the results indicate that when freezing ram semen, Bioexcell containing 6.4% glycerol may be used as an alternative extender to the conventional milk extender containing 5% egg yolk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Ullsvägen 14C, Box 7039, Uppsala SE-750 07, Sweden
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Harnal VK, Spindler R, Monfort SL, Pukazhenthi B, Bird DM, Wildt DE. Sperm capacitation in vitro in the eld's deer. Theriogenology 2001; 56:399-413. [PMID: 11516120 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(01)00572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sperm capacitation was examined in the endangered Eld's deer (Cervus eldi thamin). Sperm motility and viability (percentage of sperm cells with intact membranes) were assessed in vitro over time after attempting to induce capacitation in TALP alone and TALP supplemented with calcium (10 mM CaCl2), dibutyryl cAMP (1 mM dbcAMP), or fetal calf serum (20% FCS). Sperm aliquots were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h for motility, viability, and ability to acrosome react after exposure to calcium ionophore (A23187, CI; 10 microM) or lysophosphatidylcholine (LC; 100 microg/mL). Fresh sperm aliquots in TALP + 10 mM CaCl2 exposed to CI had fewer (P < 0.05) intact acrosomes than the TALP control (TALP alone) or dbcAMP and FCS treatments after 9 h. Mean (+/- SEM) percentage of intact acrosomes of spermatozoa incubated in medium with increased CaCl2 declined (P < 0.05) from 80.2 +/- 2.6% (0 h) to 49.7 +/- 7.3% after prolonged incubation (9 h). The proportion of capacitated fresh spermatozoa was not influenced by LC treatment. Capacitation was not induced (P > 0.05) by any of the presumptive sperm capacitators after freeze-thawing. Likewise, neither CI nor LC induced the acrosome reaction (AR) in these spermatozoa, suggesting that the freeze-thawing process may have caused membrane damage. Results revealed that the supplementation of medium with CaCl2 evokes capacitation in some spermatozoa. However, Eld's deer spermatozoa appear remarkably resistant to conventional stimulators of capacitation and the AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Harnal
- Conservation and Research Center, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA
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Rasul Z, Anzar M, Jalali S, Ahmad N. Effect of buffering systems on post-thaw motion characteristics, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosome morphology of buffalo spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2000; 59:31-41. [PMID: 10804274 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4320(00)00070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to identify the suitable buffer for cryopreservation of buffalo semen. Semen was collected with artificial vagina (42 degrees C) from four buffalo bulls. Split pooled ejaculates (n=5), possessing more than 60% visual sperm motility, were extended at 37 degrees C either in tri-sodium citrate (CITRATE), Tris-citric acid (TCA), Tris-Tes (TEST) or Tris-Hepes (HEPEST). Semen was cooled to 4 degrees C in 2 h, equilibrated at 4 degrees C for 4 h, filled in 0.5 ml straws and frozen in a programmable cell freezer before plunging into liquid nitrogen. Thawing of frozen semen was performed after 24 h at 37 degrees C for 15 s. Sperm motion characteristics, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosome morphology of each semen sample were assessed by using computer-assisted semen analyzer (CASA), hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) assay, and phase-contrast microscope, respectively. Analysis of variance revealed that percent post-thaw visual motility tended (P=0.07) to be higher in HEPEST (61.0+/-2.9) and lowest in CITRATE (48.0+/-2.5). Computerized motility did not vary due to buffering system. Percent post-thaw linear motility tended (P=0.09) to be higher in TCA (78.2+/-5.5) and lower in TEST (52.0+/-6.9). Circular motility (%) was significantly lower (P<0.05) in TCA (11.6+/-2.8) and higher in TEST (29.8+/-5.6). Curvilinear velocity (microm s(-1)) was lower (P<0.05) in TCA (69.4+/-2.0) than in CITRATE (79.0+/-5.8), TEST (87. 2+/-1.6) and HEPEST (82.6+/-3.0). Lateral head displacement (microm) was lowest (P<0.05) in TCA (1.7+/-0.2) and highest in TEST (3.7+/-0. 6). Plasma membrane integrity and normal acrosomes of buffalo spermatozoa did not differ due to buffering system and averaged 40. 0+/-2.7% and 61.4+/-4.6%, respectively. Based upon lower circular motility, curvilinear velocity, and lateral head displacement, it is concluded that post-thaw quality of buffalo semen can be improved using the Tris-TCA buffering system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Rasul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Keskintepe L, Simplicio AA, Brackett BG. Caprine blastocyst development after in vitro fertilization with spermatozoa frozen in different extenders. Theriogenology 1998; 49:1265-74. [PMID: 10732064 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(98)00074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of using frozen-thawed semen in caprine IVF outside the breeding season was investigated. Electroejaculated spermatozoa from a Nubian buck were washed twice and then frozen in skim milk- or in egg yolk-based extenders. Goat oocytes were matured and inseminated by frozen-thawed spermatozoa selected by swim-up. In vitro fertilization was performed in a modified defined medium (mDM), altered experimentally, for 24 h. Embryos were cultured in 50 microL of c-SOF + NEA for 9 d. The percentages of oocytes exposed to heparin-capacitated spermatozoa, (previously cryopreserved in skim milk-based extender) that cleaved, reached morula, blastocyst and expanded blastocyst stages were 82.8, 57.1, 35.7 and 30.0%, respectively. Without heparin treatment the rates for cleavage, morula, blastocyst and expanded blastocyst stages were 44.3, 31.4, 18.6 and 8.6%, respectively. Therefore, heparin treatment was included in sperm capacitation. Use of spermatozoa with BSA in the IVF medium yielded no cleavage. Although extenders containing 8 to 20% egg yolk enabled good sperm motility after cryopreservation, in vitro fertilizing ability was compromised under our conditions. By contrast, semen commercially processed in season in an egg yolk-based diluent remained effective for IVF. The highest proportion of blastocysts resulted from the use of spermatozoa diluted in a skim milk extender, heparin capacitation, and insemination in medium containing lamb serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Keskintepe
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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Ijaz A, Ducharme R. Effect of various extenders and taurine on survival of stallion sperm cooled to 5 °C. Theriogenology 1995; 44:1039-50. [PMID: 16727798 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(95)00290-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/1994] [Accepted: 07/26/1995] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Stallion semen was diluted in five different extenders (dimitro-poulus onze (Dimitro's), Kenney's modified tryode (Kenney's), modified INRA82 (INRA82), egg yolk-citrate-taurine (Citrate) and EZ-Mixin) and evaluated for motility after cooling and storage at 5 degrees C for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. EZ-Mixin extender was used as control while 70 and 100 mM of taurine were added to Dimitro's, Kenney's and INRA82 to study its effect under conditions of storage at 5 degrees C and varying processing modifications. Motility in INRA82 was 57.0, 58.4, 61.1, and 56.1% after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively and was higher (P < 0.05) than in other extenders after 48, 72, and 96 h. Motility decreased over time in Dimitro's (P < 0.05) and Kenney's (P < 0.01). Motility in INRA82 and EZ-Mixin decreased (P < 0.05) after 24 h and then remained unchanged until 96 h. In taurine (70 mM) containing extender Citrate, motility decreased throughout storage. Motility in INRA82 and Kenney's with taurine decreased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) after 48 h, and then remained stable until 96 h only in INRA82 with taurine. Motility in INRA82 with taurine was higher (P < 0.05) than in Citrate throughout incubation, whereas motility in INRA82 with taurine was higher than in EZ-Mixin and Kenney's with taurine after 24 and 48 h, respectively. Motility in INRA82 and Kenney's with taurine improved (P < 0.05) when osmotic pressure was increased with taurine (100 mM) but not when osmotic pressure was increased with Na (+) and K (+) salts. Motility was always higher (P < 0.01) in taurine (70 mM or 100 mM) containing extenders than in non-taurine extenders, Dimitro's, INRA82, and Kenney's, when sperm were incubated for 24 h at 5 degrees C in these extenders, then washed and incubated at 39 degrees C in Sp-TALP for 12 or 24 h. In conclusion 1) INRA82 was a better extender than the other extenders tested. 2) inclusion of taurine (100 mM) in INRA82 and Kenney's improved sperm survival until 96 and 48 h, respectively, and 3) sperm preincubation for 24 h in taurine containing extenders resulted in better sperm survival when washed and stored in Sp-TALP for further 12 or 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ijaz
- Centre d' Amelioration des Races Equines du Quebec, Division de la Cooperative des Inseminateurs du Quebec, St-Hyacinthe, Canada
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Jacobs BR, Caulfield J, Boldt J. Analysis of TEST (TES and Tris) yolk buffer effects on human sperm. Fertil Steril 1995; 63:1064-70. [PMID: 7720919 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess different parameters of TEST (TES and Tris) yolk buffer (TYB) treatment of human sperm that may contribute to the biologic effects of TYB on sperm function. DESIGN The influence of TYB treatment on occurrence of acrosome reactions was studied, as was the influence of the concentration of acrosome-reacted sperm reacted by TYB or Biggers-Whitten-Whittingham medium (BWW) incubation on penetration levels in the sperm penetration assay (SPA). The necessity for the TYB to achieve enhanced SPA performance as well as the effect of heat shock on sperm also were studied. SETTING Andrology laboratory of a university hospital. PATIENTS Sperm donors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Sperm penetration levels in the SPA and acrosomal loss as evaluated by a fluorescent lectin staining technique. RESULTS Sperm incubated in TYB for 42 to 46 hours at 4 degrees C demonstrated a higher rate of acrosomal loss than did sperm capacitated in BWW media for 20 to 22 hours. The difference was not significant. When insemination concentrations were normalized to identical concentrations of acrosome-reacted sperm, TYB treated specimens demonstrated much higher penetration levels compared with BWW specimens. Samples incubated in BWW versus TYB for 42 to 46 hours at 4 degrees C before heat shock had identical penetration levels. Samples washed with 37 degrees C BWW (positive heat shock) had significantly higher penetration levels than did samples washed with 4 degrees C BWW (negative heat shock). CONCLUSION Although TYB treatment does increase the occurrence of acrosome reactions, this alone does not account for the dramatic increase in penetration levels in SPA seen with these samples. TEST yolk buffer is not required for enhancement of penetration, and the heat shock step of the procedure seems to be most important for enhancement of sperm fusion ability in the SPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Jacobs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical College, New York, USA
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Ijaz A, Hunter AG. Evaluation of a TEST-yolk sperm capacitation system for use in bovine in vitro fertilization. J Dairy Sci 1992; 75:394-8. [PMID: 1560133 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(92)77774-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bovine sperm acquire the ability to penetrate zona-free hamster oocytes (capacitation) after incubation in TEST-yolk buffer. Our objective was to determine whether such sperm could penetrate zona-intact bovine oocytes in vitro. Bovine cumulus enclosed oocytes from 2- to 5-mm follicles were incubated in maturation medium for 24 h at 37 degrees C. Ejaculated bovine semen was diluted 1: 10 in TEST-yolk buffer, cooled to 4 degrees C, and stored for 8 h to induce capacitation. Sperm were then washed thrice in pH 7.6, .15 M NaCl containing .1% bovine serum albumin V (37 degrees C) and diluted to 2 x 10(6) sperm/ml in fertilization medium. Droplets of fertilization medium containing capacitated sperm, killed sperm, or no sperm were made under paraffin oil. Oocytes (matured 24 h) were added and cocultured with sperm for 8 h and then transferred to fresh fertilization medium for 40 h. After 24 h, 53% of the oocytes had matured (metaphase II). The fertilization rate of the metaphase II oocytes (203) with TEST-yolk capacitated sperm was 87%, whereas the parthenogenetic controls were 2 and 0%, respectively. Therefore, TEST-yolk buffer can be used to capacitate bull sperm for in vitro fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ijaz
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
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