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Amaral EP, Namasivayam S, Queiroz ATL, Fukutani E, Hilligan KL, Aberman K, Fisher L, Bomfim CCB, Kauffman K, Buchanan J, Santuo L, Gazzinelli-Guimaraes PH, Costa DL, Teixeira MA, Barreto-Duarte B, Rocha CG, Santana MF, Cordeiro-Santos M, Barber DL, Wilkinson RJ, Kramnik I, Igarashi K, Scriba T, Mayer-Barber KD, Andrade BB, Sher A. BACH1 promotes tissue necrosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:120-135. [PMID: 38066332 PMCID: PMC10769877 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress triggers ferroptosis, a form of cellular necrosis characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, and has been implicated in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) pathogenesis. We investigated whether Bach1, a transcription factor that represses multiple antioxidant genes, regulates host resistance to Mtb. We found that BACH1 expression is associated clinically with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Bach1 deletion in Mtb-infected mice increased glutathione levels and Gpx4 expression that inhibit lipid peroxidation. Bach1-/- macrophages exhibited increased resistance to Mtb-induced cell death, while Mtb-infected Bach1-deficient mice displayed reduced bacterial loads, pulmonary necrosis and lipid peroxidation concurrent with increased survival. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of lungs from Mtb-infected Bach1-/- mice revealed an enrichment of genes associated with ferroptosis suppression. Bach1 depletion in Mtb-infected B6.Sst1S mice that display human-like necrotic lung pathology also markedly reduced necrosis and increased host resistance. These findings identify Bach1 as a key regulator of cellular and tissue necrosis and host resistance in Mtb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo P Amaral
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | | | - Artur T L Queiroz
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fukutani
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Kerry L Hilligan
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kate Aberman
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Logan Fisher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caio Cesar B Bomfim
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Keith Kauffman
- T lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay Buchanan
- T lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leslie Santuo
- T lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pedro Henrique Gazzinelli-Guimaraes
- Helminth Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diego L Costa
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Departmento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mariane Araujo Teixeira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate Universities, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Gurgel Rocha
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Sao Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Monique Freire Santana
- Departmento de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Centro de Controle de Oncologia do Estado do Amazonas-FCECON, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Daniel L Barber
- T lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert J Wilkinson
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Igor Kramnik
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Thomas Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Katrin D Mayer-Barber
- Inflammation and Innate Immunity Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate Universities, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Casares L, Moreno R, Ali KX, Higgins M, Dayalan Naidu S, Neill G, Cassin L, Kiib AE, Svenningsen EB, Minassi A, Honda T, Poulsen TB, Wiel C, Sayin VI, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Olagnier D, de la Vega L. The synthetic triterpenoids CDDO-TFEA and CDDO-Me, but not CDDO, promote nuclear exclusion of BACH1 impairing its activity. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102291. [PMID: 35313207 PMCID: PMC8938334 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor BACH1 is a potential therapeutic target for a variety of chronic conditions linked to oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as cancer metastasis. However, only a few BACH1 degraders/inhibitors have been described. BACH1 is a transcriptional repressor of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), which is positively regulated by transcription factor NRF2 and is highly inducible by derivatives of the synthetic oleanane triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO). Most of the therapeutic activities of these compounds are due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which are widely attributed to their ability to activate NRF2. However, with such a broad range of action, these compounds have other molecular targets that have not been fully identified and could also be of importance for their therapeutic profile. Herein we identified BACH1 as a target of two CDDO-derivatives (CDDO-Me and CDDO-TFEA), but not of CDDO. While both CDDO and CDDO-derivatives activate NRF2 similarly, only CDDO-Me and CDDO-TFEA inhibit BACH1, which explains the much higher potency of these CDDO-derivatives as HMOX1 inducers compared with unmodified CDDO. Notably, we demonstrate that CDDO-Me and CDDO-TFEA inhibit BACH1 via a novel mechanism that reduces BACH1 nuclear levels while accumulating its cytoplasmic form. In an in vitro model, both CDDO-derivatives impaired lung cancer cell invasion in a BACH1-dependent and NRF2-independent manner, while CDDO was inactive. Altogether, our study identifies CDDO-Me and CDDO-TFEA as dual KEAP1/BACH1 inhibitors, providing a rationale for further therapeutic uses of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Casares
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Rita Moreno
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Kevin X Ali
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maureen Higgins
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Sharadha Dayalan Naidu
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Graham Neill
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Lena Cassin
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark
| | | | | | - Alberto Minassi
- Department of Drug Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Tadashi Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
| | | | - Clotilde Wiel
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark
| | - Laureano de la Vega
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK.
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3
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Ahuja M, Ammal Kaidery N, Attucks OC, McDade E, Hushpulian DM, Gaisin A, Gaisina I, Ahn YH, Nikulin S, Poloznikov A, Gazaryan I, Yamamoto M, Matsumoto M, Igarashi K, Sharma SM, Thomas B. Bach1 derepression is neuroprotective in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2111643118. [PMID: 34737234 PMCID: PMC8694049 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111643118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by the loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Mounting evidence suggests that Nrf2 is a promising target for neuroprotective interventions in PD. However, electrophilic chemical properties of the canonical Nrf2-based drugs cause irreversible alkylation of cysteine residues on cellular proteins resulting in side effects. Bach1 is a known transcriptional repressor of the Nrf2 pathway. We report that Bach1 levels are up-regulated in PD postmortem brains and preclinical models. Bach1 knockout (KO) mice were protected against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity and associated oxidative damage and neuroinflammation. Functional genomic analysis demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects in Bach1 KO mice was due to up-regulation of Bach1-targeted pathways that are associated with both Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response element (ARE) and Nrf2-independent non-ARE genes. Using a proprietary translational technology platform, a drug library screen identified a substituted benzimidazole as a Bach1 inhibitor that was validated as a nonelectrophile. Oral administration of the Bach1 inhibitor attenuated MPTP neurotoxicity in pre- and posttreatment paradigms. Bach1 inhibitor-induced neuroprotection was associated with the up-regulation of Bach1-targeted pathways in concurrence with the results from Bach1 KO mice. Our results suggest that genetic deletion as well as pharmacologic inhibition of Bach1 by a nonelectrophilic inhibitor is a promising therapeutic approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuj Ahuja
- Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | | | | | - Dmitry M Hushpulian
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
| | - Arsen Gaisin
- Integrated Molecular Structure Education and Research Center, Northwestern University, IL 60208
| | - Irina Gaisina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Young Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Sergey Nikulin
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
| | - Andrey Poloznikov
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
| | - Irina Gazaryan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY 10570
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Sudarshana M Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425;
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
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4
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Hushpulian DM, Ammal Kaidery N, Ahuja M, Poloznikov AA, Sharma SM, Gazaryan IG, Thomas B. Challenges and Limitations of Targeting the Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway for Neurotherapeutics: Bach1 De-Repression to the Rescue. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:673205. [PMID: 33897412 PMCID: PMC8060438 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.673205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Keap1-Nrf2 signaling axis is a validated and promising target for cellular defense and survival pathways. This minireview discusses the potential off-target effects and their impact on future drug development originating from Keap1-targeting small molecules that function as displacement activators of the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2. We argue that small-molecule displacement activators, similarly to electrophiles, will release both Nrf2 and other Keap1 client proteins from the ubiquitin ligase complex. This non-specificity is likely unavoidable and may result in off-target effects during Nrf2 activation by targeting Keap1. The small molecule displacement activators may also target Kelch domains in proteins other than Keap1, causing additional off-target effects unless designed to ensure specificity for the Kelch domain only in Keap1. A potentially promising and alternative therapeutic approach to overcome this non-specificity emerging from targeting Keap1 is to inhibit the Nrf2 repressor Bach1 for constitutive activation of the Nrf2 pathway and bypass the Keap1-Nrf2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry M. Hushpulian
- P. A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Manuj Ahuja
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Andrey A. Poloznikov
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sudarshana M. Sharma
- Hollings Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Irina G. Gazaryan
- P. A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Dyson College of Arts and Sciences, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, United States
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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5
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Zhang H, Morgan TE, Forman HJ. Age-related alteration in HNE elimination enzymes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 699:108749. [PMID: 33417945 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
4-hydroxynonenal (HNE, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) is a primary α,β-unsaturated aldehyde product of lipid peroxidation. The accumulation of HNE increases with aging and the mechanisms are mainly attributable to increased oxidative stress and decreased capacity of HNE elimination. In this review article, we summarize the studies on age-related change of HNE concentration and alteration of HNE metabolizing enzymes (GCL, GST, ALDHs, aldose reductase, and 20S-proteasome), and discuss potential mechanism of age-related decrease in HNE-elimination capacity by focusing on Nrf2 redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiao Zhang
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States
| | - Todd E Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States
| | - Henry Jay Forman
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States.
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Lin W, Chen W, Liu K, Ma P, Qiu P, Zheng C, Zhang X, Tan P, Xi X, He X. Mitigation of Microglia-mediated Acute Neuroinflammation and Tissue Damage by Heme Oxygenase 1 in a Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model. Neuroscience 2020; 457:27-40. [PMID: 32795555 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Acute neuroinflammation is the major detrimental factor that causes secondary tissue damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). Curbing neuroinflammation would reduce the neuronal death and benefit functional recovery. In the current study, we used a HO-1-encoding lentivirus to transduce microglia, and adoptively transferred these microglia into injured rat spinal cords. Lentivirus-induced overexpression of exogenous HO-1 significantly inhibited microglia-mediated inflammatory response after SCI, as demonstrated by lower expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in transferred microglia. In addition, the overall post-SCI neuroinflammation was also suppressed by HO-1-overexpressing microglia, as indicated by less leukocyte infiltration and lower pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the spinal cord. Consistently, the tissue damage and neuronal apoptosis were decreased in injured spinal cords, while the locomotor function was moderately improved. We further identified that adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling was involved in the regulatory effect of HO-1 on microglia, because HO-1 overexpression increased the activating phosphorylation of AMPKα. Moreover, the AMPK inhibitor compound C diminished the anti-inflammatory effect of HO-1 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia in vitro. Taken together, we proved that microglial HO-1 reduced acute post-SCI neuroinflammation. Our study might provide a promising therapeutic approach to benefit SCI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Lin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenkai Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengfei Ma
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Can Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Pingjuan Tan
- Nursing Department, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TraditionalChinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojing Xi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Qian Z, Chang J, Jiang F, Ge D, Yang L, Li Y, Chen H, Cao X. Excess administration of miR-340-5p ameliorates spinal cord injury-induced neuroinflammation and apoptosis by modulating the P38-MAPK signaling pathway. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:531-542. [PMID: 32014577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a destructive polyneuropathy that can result in loss of sensorimotor function and sphincter dysfunction, and even death in critical situations. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a series of non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in transcriptional regulation. Previous studies have demonstrated that modulation of multiple miRs is involved in neurological recovery after SCI. However, the functions of miR-340-5p in SCI remain uncertain. Therefore, we probed the therapeutic effect and mechanism of miR-340-5p in microglia in vitro and in vivo in SCI rats. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were employed to examine the alterations in miR-340-5p and P38 levels in SCI rats. miR-340-5p targets in microglia were ascertained using luciferase reporter assays, immunofluorescence analyses, and western blotting. We also established an SCI model and administered miR-340-5p. The effects of miR-340-5p on the amelioration of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis following SCI were assessed using immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and histological analyses. Finally, locomotor function recovery was determined using the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan rating scale. In our study, the expression profiles and luciferase assay results clarified that P38 was a target of miR-340-5p, which was associated with activation of the P38-MAPK signaling pathway. Elevation of miR-340-5p decreased P38 expression, subsequently inhibiting the inflammatory reaction. SCI-induced secondary neuroinflammation was relieved under miR-340-5p treatment. Moreover, by controlling neuroinflammation, the increased levels of miR-340-5p might counter oxidative stress and reduce the degree of apoptosis. We also observed decreasing gliosis and glial scar formation and increasing neurotrophin expression at the chronic stage of SCI. Together, these potential effects of miR-340-5p treatment ultimately improved locomotor function recovery in SCI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyang Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dawei Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - You Li
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongtao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaojian Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Segawa K, Watanabe-Matsui M, Matsui T, Igarashi K, Murayama K. Functional Heme Binding to the Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Region of Bach1, a Transcriptional Repressor. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2019; 247:153-159. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.247.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Segawa
- Division of Biomedical Measurements and Diagnostics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University
- Pharmaceutical Discovery Research Laboratories, Teijin Pharma Limited
| | - Miki Watanabe-Matsui
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
| | - Toshitaka Matsui
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Kazutaka Murayama
- Division of Biomedical Measurements and Diagnostics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University
- Laboratory for Protein Functional and Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research
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9
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Igarashi K, Kurosaki T, Roychoudhuri R. BACH transcription factors in innate and adaptive immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2017; 17:437-450. [PMID: 28461702 DOI: 10.1038/nri.2017.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BTB and CNC homology (BACH) proteins are transcriptional repressors of the basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family. Recent studies indicate widespread roles of BACH proteins in controlling the development and function of the innate and adaptive immune systems, including the differentiation of effector and memory cells of the B and T cell lineages, CD4+ regulatory T cells and macrophages. Here, we emphasize similarities at a molecular level in the cell-type-specific activities of BACH factors, proposing that competitive interactions of BACH proteins with transcriptional activators of the bZIP family form a common mechanistic theme underlying their diverse actions. The findings contribute to a general understanding of how transcriptional repressors shape lineage commitment and cell-type-specific functions through repression of alternative lineage programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Rahul Roychoudhuri
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
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Lin W, Wang S, Yang Z, Lin J, Ke Q, Lan W, Shi J, Wu S, Cai B. Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibits Neuronal Apoptosis in Spinal Cord Injury through Down-Regulation of Cdc42-MLK3-MKK7-JNK3 Axis. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:695-706. [PMID: 27526795 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which spinal cord injury (SCI) induces neuronal death has not been thoroughly understood. Investigation on the molecular signal pathways involved in SCI-mediated neuronal apoptosis is important for development of new therapeutics for SCI. In the current study, we explore the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the modulation of mixed lineage kinase 3/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/cJUN N-terminal kinase 3 (MLK3/MKK7/JNK3) signaling, which is a pro-apoptotic pathway, after SCI. We found that MLK3/MKK7/JNK3 signaling was activated by SCI in a time-dependent manner, demonstrated by increase in activating phosphorylation of MLK3, MKK7, and JNK3. SCI also induced HO-1 expression. Administration of HO-1-expressing adeno-associated virus before SCI introduced expression of exogenous HO-1 in injured spinal cords. Exogenous HO-1 reduced phosphorylation of MLK3, MKK7, and JNK3. Consistent with its inhibitory effect on MLK3/MKK7/JNK3 signaling, exogenous HO-1 decreased SCI-induced neuronal apoptosis and improved neurological score. Further, we found that exogenous HO-1 inhibited expression of cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42), which is crucial for MLK3 activation. In vitro experiments indicated that Cdc42 was essential for neuronal apoptosis, while transduction of neurons with HO-1-expressing adeno-associated virus significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis to enhance neuronal survival. Therefore, our study disclosed a novel mechanism by which HO-1 exerted its neuroprotective efficacy. Our discovery might be valuable for developing a new therapeutic approach for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Lin
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- 2 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the People's Hospital of Guizhou Province , Guiyang, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Ke
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Lan
- 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinxing Shi
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Shiqiang Wu
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Bin Cai
- 4 Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
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11
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Elton L, Carpentier I, Verhelst K, Staal J, Beyaert R. The multifaceted role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIL-1: beyond linear ubiquitination. Immunol Rev 2016; 266:208-21. [PMID: 26085217 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitination controls and fine-tunes many signaling processes driving immunity, inflammation, and cancer. The E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIL-1 (heme-oxidized IRP2 ubiquitin ligase-1) is increasingly implicated in different signaling pathways and plays a vital role in immune regulation. HOIL-1 co operates with the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIP (HOIL-1 interacting protein) to modify specific nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling proteins with linear M1-linked polyubiquitin chains. In addition, through its ability to also add K48-linked polyubiquitin chains to specific substrates, HOIL-1 has been linked with antiviral signaling, iron and xenobiotic metabolism, cell death, and cancer. HOIL-1 deficiency in humans leads to myopathy, amylopectinosis, auto-inflammation, and immunodeficiency associated with an increased frequency of bacterial infections. HOIL-1-deficient mice exhibit amylopectin-like deposits in the myocardium, pathogen-specific immunodeficiency, but minimal signs of hyper-inflammation. This review summarizes current knowledge on the mechanism of action of HOIL-1 and highlights recent advances regarding its role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Elton
- Inflammation Research Center, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Carpentier
- Inflammation Research Center, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Verhelst
- Inflammation Research Center, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens Staal
- Inflammation Research Center, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Inflammation Research Center, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Lin WP, Xiong GP, Lin Q, Chen XW, Zhang LQ, Shi JX, Ke QF, Lin JH. Heme oxygenase-1 promotes neuron survival through down-regulation of neuronal NLRP1 expression after spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:52. [PMID: 26925775 PMCID: PMC4772494 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the mechanisms underlying neuronal death in spinal cord injury (SCI) and developing novel therapeutic approaches for SCI-induced damage are critical for functional recovery. Here we investigated the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in neuroprotection after SCI. Methods Adeno-associated virus expressing HO-1 was prepared and injected into rat spinal cords before SCI model was performed. HO-1 expression, inflammasome activation, and the presence of inflammatory cytokines were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistological staining, immunoblot, and immunoprecipitation. Neuronal apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling. The hindlimb locomotor function was evaluated for extent of neurologic damage. In an in vitro model, hydrogen peroxide was used to induce similar inflammasome activation in cultured primary spinal cord neurons, followed by evaluation of above parameters with or without transduction of HO-1-expressing adeno-associated virus. Results Endogenous HO-1 expression was found in spinal cord neurons after SCI in vivo, in association with the expression of Nod-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) and the formation of NLRP1 inflammasomes. Administration of HO-1-expressing adeno-associated virus effectively decreased expression of NLRP1, therefore alleviating NLRP1 inflammasome-induced neuronal death and improving functional recovery. In the in vitro model, exogenous HO-1 expression protected neurons from hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal death by inhibiting NLRP1 expression. In addition, HO-1 inhibited expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which is a transcription factor regulating NLRP1 expression. Conclusions HO-1 protects spinal cord neurons after SCI through inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome formation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0521-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ping Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
| | - Gong-Peng Xiong
- Hepatology Unit, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, 361009, China.
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Xuan-Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Li-Qun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Jin-Xing Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
| | - Qing-Feng Ke
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
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Takada T, Miyaki S, Ishitobi H, Hirai Y, Nakasa T, Igarashi K, Lotz MK, Ochi M. Bach1 deficiency reduces severity of osteoarthritis through upregulation of heme oxygenase-1. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:285. [PMID: 26458773 PMCID: PMC4603301 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0792-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) is a transcriptional repressor of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which is cytoprotective through its antioxidant effects. The objective of this study was to define the role of Bach1 in cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis (OA) development using in vitro models and Bach1-/- mice. Methods HO-1 expression in Bach1-/- mice was analyzed by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Knee joints from Bach1-/- and wild-type mice with age-related OA and surgically-induced OA were evaluated by OA scoring systems. Levels of autophagy proteins and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were determined by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between HO-1 and the protective effects for OA was determined in chondrocytes treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting HO-1 gene. Results HO-1 expression decreased with aging in articular cartilages and menisci of mouse knees. Bach1-/- mice showed reduced severity of age-related OA and surgically-induced OA compared with wild-type mice. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), autophagy marker, and SOD2 were increased in articular cartilage of Bach1-/- mice compared with wild-type mice. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induced a significant increase in Adamts-5 in wild-type chondrocytes but not in Bach1-/- chondrocytes. The expression of SOD2 and the suppression of apoptosis in Bach1-/- chondrocytes were mediated by HO-1. Conclusions Bach1 deficiency reduces the severity of OA-like changes. This may be due to maintenance of cartilage homeostasis and joint health by antioxidant effects through HO-1 and downregulation of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes. These results suggest that inactivation of Bach1 is a novel target and signaling pathway in OA prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Takada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Miyaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan. .,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Ishitobi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Yuya Hirai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Nakasa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Martin K Lotz
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Mitsuo Ochi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
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14
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Ambegaokar SS, Kolson DL. Heme oxygenase-1 dysregulation in the brain: implications for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Curr HIV Res 2015; 12:174-88. [PMID: 24862327 PMCID: PMC4155834 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x12666140526122709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a highly inducible and ubiquitous cellular enzyme that subserves cytoprotective responses to toxic insults, including inflammation and oxidative stress. In neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis, HO-1 expression is increased, presumably reflecting an endogenous neuroprotective response against ongoing cellular injury. In contrast, we have found that in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of the brain, which is also associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration, HO-1 expression is decreased, likely reflecting a unique role for HO-1 deficiency in neurodegeneration pathways activated by HIV infection. We have also shown that HO-1 expression is significantly suppressed by HIV replication in cultured macrophages which represent the primary cellular reservoir for HIV in the brain. HO-1 deficiency is associated with release of neurotoxic levels of glutamate from both HIV-infected and immune-activated macrophages; this glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity is suppressed by pharmacological induction of HO-1 expression in the macrophages. Thus, HO-1 induction could be a therapeutic strategy for neuroprotection against HIV infection and other neuroinflammatory brain diseases. Here, we review various stimuli and signaling pathways regulating HO-1 expression in macrophages, which could promote neuronal survival through HO-1-modulation of endogenous antioxidant and immune modulatory pathways, thus limiting the oxidative stress that can promote HIV disease progression in the CNS. The use of pharmacological inducers of endogenous HO-1 expression as potential adjunctive neuroprotective therapeutics in HIV infection is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dennis L Kolson
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 280 Clinical Research Building, 415 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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15
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The protective effect of salvianolic acid B on blood-spinal cord barrier after compression spinal cord injury in rats. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 51:986-93. [PMID: 23943397 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-0083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a bioactive compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb danshen, is commonly used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of Sal B on the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) after spinal cord injury (SCI) in a rat model. Sal B (1, 10, and 50 mg/kg i.v.) was administered to rats immediately following SCI. The permeability of the BSCB and spinal cord tissue water content were evaluated. Additionally, the expression levels of tight junction proteins and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were monitored by Western blot analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of spinal cord tissue homogenates was performed 24 h post-SCI to evaluate the expression of inflammation-related cytokines. In addition, the motor recovery of SCI rats was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scoring system. Compared to the SCI group, rats treated with Sal B (10, 50 mg/kg) exhibited significantly reduced spinal cord tissue water content and BSCB permeability. Further, the motor function of rats was also greatly improved by Sal B administration. The expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and NF-κB was found to be greatly increased 24 h post-SCI, and this upregulation was significantly attenuated by Sal B treatment. The expression of ZO-1 and occludin was upregulated by Sal B (10 mg/kg) treatment after SCI, and this effect was blocked by the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP. Taken together, our results clearly indicate that Sal B attenuates SCI by promoting the repair of the damaged BSCB, demonstrating that this molecule is a novel and promising therapeutic agent for human SCI.
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Ohta R, Tanaka N, Nakanishi K, Kamei N, Nakamae T, Izumi B, Fujioka Y, Ochi M. Heme oxygenase-1 modulates degeneration of the intervertebral disc after puncture in Bach 1 deficient mice. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2012; 21:1748-57. [PMID: 22832873 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-012-2442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intervertebral disc degeneration is considered to be a major feature of low back pain. Furthermore, oxidative stress has been shown to be an important factor in degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis and is considered a cause of intervertebral disc degeneration. The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation between oxidative stress and intervertebral disc degeneration using Broad complex-Tramtrack-Bric-a-brac and cap'n'collar homology 1 deficient (Bach 1-/-) mice which highly express heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). HO-1 protects cells from oxidative stress. METHODS Caudal discs of 12-week-old and 1-year-old mice were evaluated as age-related models. Each group and period, 5 mice (a total of 20 mice, a total of 20 discs) were evaluated as age-related model. C9-C10 caudal discs in 12-week-old Bach 1-/- and wild-type mice were punctured using a 29-gauge needle as annulus puncture model. Each group and period, 5 mice (a total of 60 mice, a total of 60 discs) were evaluated. The progress of disc degeneration was evaluated at pre-puncture, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks post-puncture. Radiographic, histologic and immunohistologic analysis were performed to compare between Bach 1-/- and wild-type mice. RESULTS In the age-related model, there were no significant differences between Bach 1-/- and wild-type mice radiologically and histologically. However, in the annulus puncture model, histological scoring revealed significant difference at 8 and 12 weeks post-puncture. The number of HO-1 positive cells was significantly greater in Bach 1-/- mice at every period. The apoptosis rate was significantly lower at 1 and 2 weeks post-puncture in Bach 1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress prevention may avoid the degenerative process of the intervertebral disc after puncture, reducing the number of apoptosis cells. High HO-1 expression may also inhibit oxidative stress and delay the process of intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ohta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan,
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17
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Magnetic field-based delivery of human CD133⁺ cells promotes functional recovery after rat spinal cord injury. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2012; 37:E768-77. [PMID: 22246536 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0b013e318246d59c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Experimental animal study of spinal cord injury (SCI), using a cell delivery system. OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effects of transplantation of peripheral blood-derived CD133 cells, with a magnetic delivery system in a rat SCI model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA There are no reports on intrathecal transplantation of peripheral blood-derived CD133 cells, with a magnetic cell delivery system to treat SCI. METHODS Magnetically isolated peripheral blood-derived CD133 cells were used as the cell source. Contusion SCI was induced by an Infinite Horizon impactor in athymic nude rats. CD133 cells or phosphate-buffered saline was administered via a lumbar puncture immediately after SCI, and a magnetic field was applied to rats for 30 minutes. Animals were analyzed at specific times after transplantation by several methods to examine cell tracking, functional recovery, and histological angiogenesis and neurogenesis. RESULTS A combination of cell transplantation and application of a magnetic field at the site of injury caused significant functional recovery. Transplantation of the cells alone in the absence of the magnetic field showed no effect beyond that observed in control rats. CONCLUSION The combination of intrathecal transplantation of CD133 cells and application of a magnetic field at the site of injury is a possible therapeutic strategy to treat rat SCI and may therefore find application in clinical settings.
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Yip PK, Malaspina A. Spinal cord trauma and the molecular point of no return. Mol Neurodegener 2012; 7:6. [PMID: 22315999 PMCID: PMC3299607 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-7-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A mechanical trauma to the spinal cord can be followed by the development of irreversible and progressive neurodegeneration, as opposed to a temporary or partially reversible neurological damage. An increasing body of experimental and clinical evidence from humans and animal models indicates that spinal cord injury may set in motion the development of disabling and at times fatal neuromuscular disorders, whose occurrence is not normally associated with any major environmental event. This outcome appears to be dependent on the co-occurrence of a particular form of mechanical stress and of a genetically-determined vulnerability. This increased vulnerability to spinal cord injury may depend on a change of the nature and of the timing of activation of a number of neuroprotective and neurodestructive molecular signals in the injured cord. Among the main determinants, we could mention an altered homeostasis of lipids and neurofilaments, an earlier inflammatory response and the failure of the damaged tissue to rein in oxidative damage and apoptotic cell death. These changes could force injured tissue beyond a point of no return and precipitate an irreversible neurodegenerative process. A better knowledge of the molecular signals activated in a state of increased vulnerability to trauma can inform future treatment strategies and the prediction of the neurological outcome after spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping K Yip
- Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
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Kamei N, Kwon SM, Alev C, Ishikawa M, Yokoyama A, Nakanishi K, Yamada K, Horii M, Nishimura H, Takaki S, Kawamoto A, Ii M, Akimaru H, Tanaka N, Nishikawa SI, Ochi M, Asahara T. Lnk deletion reinforces the function of bone marrow progenitors in promoting neovascularization and astrogliosis following spinal cord injury. Stem Cells 2010; 28:365-75. [PMID: 19859984 DOI: 10.1002/stem.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Lnk is an intracellular adaptor protein reported as a negative regulator of proliferation in c-Kit positive, Sca-1 positive, lineage marker-negative (KSL) bone marrow cells. The KSL fraction in mouse bone marrow is believed to represent a population of hematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). We report here that, in vitro, Lnk(-/-) KSL cells form more EPC colonies than Lnk(+/+) KSL cells and show higher expression levels of endothelial marker genes, including CD105, CD144, Tie-1, and Tie2, than their wild-type counterparts. In vivo, the administration of Lnk(+/+) KSL cells to a mouse spinal cord injury model promoted angiogenesis, astrogliosis, axon growth, and functional recovery following injury, with Lnk(-/-) KSL being significantly more effective in inducing and promoting these regenerative events. At day 3 following injury, large vessels could be observed in spinal cords treated with KSL cells, and reactive astrocytes were found to have migrated along these large vessels. We could further show that the enhancement of astrogliosis appears to be caused in conjunction with the acceleration of angiogenesis. These findings suggest that Lnk deletion reinforces the commitment of KSL cells to EPCs, promoting subsequent repair of injured spinal cord through the acceleration of angiogenesis and astrogliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naosuke Kamei
- Group of Vascular Regeneration, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, 2-2 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
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Maher J, Yamamoto M. The rise of antioxidant signaling--the evolution and hormetic actions of Nrf2. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2010; 244:4-15. [PMID: 20122947 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2010.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Organisms have evolved sophisticated and redundant mechanisms to manage oxidative and electrophilic challenges that arise from internal metabolism or xenobiotic challenge for survival. NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that has evolved over millennia from primitive origins, with homologues traceable back to invertebrate Caenorhabditis and Drosophila species. The ancestry of Nrf2 clearly has deep-seated roots in hematopoiesis, yet has diversified into a transcription factor that can mediate a multitude of antioxidant signaling and detoxification genes. In higher organisms, a more sophisticated means of tightly regulating Nrf2 activity was introduced via the cysteine-rich kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), thus suggesting a need to modulate Nrf2 activity. This is evidenced in Keap1(-/-) mice, which succumb to juvenile mortality due to hyperkeratosis of the gastrointestinal tract. Although Nrf2 activation protects against acute toxicity and prevents or attenuates several disease states, constitutive activation in some tumors leads to poor clinical outcomes, suggesting Nrf2 has evolved in response to a multitude of selective pressures. The purpose of this review is to examine the origins of Nrf2, while highlighting the versatility and protective abilities elicited upon activation. Various model systems in which Nrf2 is normally beneficial but in which exaggerated pharmacology exacerbates a physiological or pathological condition will be addressed. Although Darwinian principles have selected Nrf2 activity for maximal beneficial effect based on environmental and oxidative challenge, both sub- or super-physiological effects have been noted to be detrimental. The functions of Nrf2 thus suggest a hormetic factor that has evolved empirically over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Maher
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
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