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Wali AR, Sindewald RW, Brandel MG, Bravo J, Steinberg JA, Pannell JS, Khalessi AA, Santiago-Dieppa DR. Optimizing suction force in mechanical thrombectomy: Priming the aspiration tubing with air versus saline. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg 2024; 26:260-264. [PMID: 38403576 PMCID: PMC11449539 DOI: 10.7461/jcen.2024.e2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate how priming the tube between air versus air mixed with saline ex vivo influenced suction force. We examined how priming the tube influenced peak suction force and time to achieve peak suction force between both modalities. METHODS Using a Dwyer Instruments (Dwyer Instruments Inc., Michigan City, IN, USA), INC Digitial Pressure Gauge, we were able to connect a .072 inch aspiration catheter to a rotating hemostatic valve and to aspiration tubing. We recorded suction force measured in negative inches of Mercury (inHg) over 10 iterations between having the aspiration tube primed with air alone versus air mixed with saline. A test was used to compare results between both modalities. RESULTS Priming the tube with air alone compared to air mixed with saline was found to have an increased average max suction force (-28.60 versus -28.20 in HG, p<0.01). We also identified a logarithmic curve of suction force across time in which time to maximal suction force was more prompt with air compared with air mixed with saline (13.8 seconds versus 21.60 seconds, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Priming the tube with air compared to air mixed with saline suggests that not only is increased maximal suction force achieved, but also the time required to achieve maximal suction force is less. This data suggests against priming the aspiration tubing with saline and suggests that the first pass aspiration primed with air may have the greatest suction force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvin R. Wali
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Ryan W. Sindewald
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Michael G. Brandel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Javier Bravo
- Department of General Surgery, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | | | - J. Scott Pannell
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | | | - David R. Santiago-Dieppa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Diego, USA
- Program in Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA
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Patki P, Simon S, Costanzo F, Manning KB. Current Approaches and Methods to Understand Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment Using Aspiration Thrombectomy. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024:10.1007/s13239-024-00735-0. [PMID: 38886306 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-024-00735-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot occludes a cerebral artery. Mechanical interventions, primarily stent retrievers and aspiration thrombectomy, are used currently for removing the occluding clot and restoring blood flow. Aspiration involves using a long catheter to traverse the cerebral vasculature to reach the blood clot, followed by application of suction through the catheter bore. Aspiration is also used in conjunction with other techniques such as stent retrievers and balloon guide catheters. Despite the wide use of aspiration, our physical understanding of the process and the causes of the failure of aspiration to retrieve cerebral clots in certain scenarios is not well understood. Experimental and computational studies can help develop the capability to provide deeper insights into the procedure and enable development of new devices and more effective treatment methods. We recapitulate the aspiration-based thrombectomy techniques in clinical practice and provide a perspective of existing engineering methods for aspiration. We articulate the current knowledge gap in the understanding of aspiration and highlight possible directions for future engineering studies to bridge this gap, help clinical translation of engineering studies, and develop new patient-specific stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Patki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Scott Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Keefe B Manning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Plute T, Nayar G, Weinberg J, Keister A, Abou-Al-Shaar H, Al-Bayati AR, Nogueira RG, Lang MJ, Nimjee S, Gross BA. Assessment of the safety and efficacy of the Zoom 45 and 55 reperfusion catheters for medium and distal mechanical thrombectomies: A multi-institutional study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107698. [PMID: 38531437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Zoom aspiration catheters harbor novel dimensions and construction to enhance trackability and deliverability. In addition, a beveled tip may improve thrombus interaction and aspiration force for a set inner diameter. This study evaluates their utility in medium and distal vessel occlusions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Zoom 45 and 55 aspiration catheters in medium and distal vessel thrombectomy. METHODS Patients treated for distal vessel occlusions via mechanical thrombectomy utilizing either the Zoom 45/55 catheter or a historical control catheter between 2021-2022 at two institutions were included in this study. Medium and distal occlusions were defined as any anterior or posterior cerebral artery branch as well as the M2-4 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Preprocedural, procedural, and postprocedural variables were obtained. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients underwent thrombectomy with Zoom 45 or 55 catheters; four had multiple occluded vessels. Occlusion location included the M2 in 32 cases, M3-4 in 7 cases, A2 in 2 cases and P2 in 1 case. The mean number of passes per occlusion was 1.6 and overall successful reperfusion (TICI 2b or greater) was achieved in 84 % of cases. There were no symptomatic procedure-related complications such as perforation or post-procedural symptomatic ICH. Modified Rankin scores rates of 0-2, 3-5, and 6 at three months post-procedure were 35.7 %, 21.4 %, and 42.9 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The Zoom beveled tip aspiration catheters are safe and effective for more challenging medium and distal vessel occlusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tritan Plute
- UPMC Department of Neurological Surgery, United States
| | - Gautam Nayar
- UPMC Department of Neurological Surgery, United States
| | - Joshua Weinberg
- Ohio State University Department of Neurological Surgery, United States
| | - Alexander Keister
- Ohio State University Department of Neurological Surgery, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Shahid Nimjee
- Ohio State University Department of Neurological Surgery, United States
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Findlay MC, Bounajem M, Grandhi R. Correspondence on 'Matched-pair analysis of patients with ischemic stroke undergoing thrombectomy using next-generation balloon guide catheters' by Kim et al. J Neurointerv Surg 2024; 16:632-633. [PMID: 38124175 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-021342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Findlay
- Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michael Bounajem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ramesh Grandhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Silva MA, Sanikommu S, Bartkevitch Rodrigues P, Hanser M, Ortiz R, Gamez V, Starke RM. Comparison of aspiration catheter performance using adaptive pulsatile aspiration in an in vitro thrombectomy model. Interv Neuroradiol 2024:15910199241250082. [PMID: 38693768 DOI: 10.1177/15910199241250082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aspiration with a pump or syringe is a mainstay of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but this technology has seen minimal evolution. Non-continuous adaptive pulsatile aspiration (APA) has been proposed as a potential alternative to standard continuous aspiration as a means of improving revascularization efficiency. METHODS Using a pathophysiological flow bench model with a synthetic clot, we performed in vitro thrombectomies using the ALGO® Von Vascular, Inc. (Sunrise, FL) APA pump. A total of 25 FDA-approved aspiration catheters were tested, representing inner diameters (ID) from 0.035 in. to 0.088 in. The pump was used in 30 trials with each catheter to remove a simulated M1 occlusion. Revascularization, clot ingestion, time to clot removal, and distal embolization were measured. RESULTS Among catheters tested using APA, first-pass TICI 3 revascularization was achieved in 100% of the 750 thrombectomy trials using 25 different catheters. There were no distal emboli detected in any trial run. Complete clot ingestion into the pump collection chamber was achieved in 87% to 100% of trials (overall 95%) with clot in the remaining trials corking within the catheter and removed from the model. Time from clot contact to clot removal ranged from 11 s to 90 s (mean 22.6 s, SD 16.8 s), which was negatively correlated with catheter ID (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION APA via the Von Vascular, Inc. ALGO® pump achieved a high success rate in an in vitro MT model. All catheters tested with the pump achieved complete reperfusion in all trials, and complete clot ingestion into the pump was seen in a majority of trials. The promising in vitro performance of APA using multiple catheters warrants future in vivo investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Silva
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sai Sanikommu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert M Starke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Meder G, Żuchowski P, Skura W, Płeszka P, Dura M, Rajewski P, Nowaczewska M, Meder M, Alexandre AM, Pedicelli A. Mechanical Thrombectomy in Stroke-Retrospective Comparison of Methods: Aspiration vs. Stent Retrievers vs. Combined Method-Is Aspiration the Best Starting Point? J Clin Med 2024; 13:1477. [PMID: 38592324 PMCID: PMC10934276 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: There are three main methods of mechanical thrombectomy (MT): using a stent retriever (SR) only (SO), aspiration catheter (AC) only (AO) and the combined method (CM) using both the SR and AC. This paper describes a real-life, single-center experience using SO, AO and CM during 276 consecutive MTs. Methods: The primary endpoint was the frequency of first-pass complete (FPE TICI3). The secondary endpoints were final mTICI 2b-3, procedure duration, clinical outcome and the total number of device passes. The third aim of this study was to test the association between the clinical outcomes in patients treated with each method and various factors. Results: There was a significant difference (p = 0.016) between the groups' FPE TICI3 rates with 46% mTICI 3 in the AO group, 41% in the CM group and 21% in the SO group. AO resulted in procedure time shortening to a mean duration of 43 min, and the scores were 56 min for CM and 63 min for SO (p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes or in-hospital mortality. The analysis showed a correlation between good clinical outcomes and the administration of IVT: OR 1.71 (1.03-2.84) p = 0.039. Patients ≥66 years old had higher odds of a bad outcome compared to younger patients in general (OR, 1.99 95% CI, 1.17-3.38; p = 0.011). FPE TICI3 was associated with good functional outcomes in the whole treated cohort (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.21-3.25; p = 0.006). Conclusions: In our series, AO proved to be the best starting point in most cases. It demonstrates good technical efficacy regarding FPE, it is fast and clinical outcomes seem to be the least age- and FPE TICI3-dependent. It can be easily converted into the combined method, which had the second-best outcomes in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Meder
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Radiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Paweł Żuchowski
- Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Skura
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Płeszka
- Stroke Intervention Centre, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Dura
- Department of Radiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Rajewski
- Department of Neurology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowskiej—Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Nowaczewska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Laryngological Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowskiej—Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Meder
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Andrea M Alexandre
- Unità Operativa Semplice Autonoma Neuroradiologia Interventistica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedicelli
- Unità Operativa Semplice Autonoma Neuroradiologia Interventistica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
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Charbonnier G, Primikiris P, Desmarets M, Tio G, Vancheri S, Di Caterino F, Vitale G, Biondi A. Defining the optimal size of an aspiration catheter in relation to the arterial diameter during mechanical thrombectomy for stroke. J Neuroradiol 2024; 51:47-51. [PMID: 36738989 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2023.01.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke is effective and includes different technical approaches. Operators use direct aspiration, a stent retriever, or a combination of both. Direct aspiration can be performed with various catheters of different sizes depending on the diameter of the occluded vessel. PURPOSE We studied the relationship between the catheter diameter in regards to the occluded vessel diameter and the rate of successful recanalization. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective, monocentric study on a series of consecutive patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy. For each procedure, we extracted each attempt that used direct aspiration and rated the attempt as successful or unsuccessful. We also measured the occluded artery diameter and calculated the ratio between the occluded artery and the aspiration catheter diameters. We tested the association between the diameter ratio and the recanalization status. We also performed inter-rater agreement for the arterial diameter measurement between three interventional neuroradiologists. RESULTS We included 119 patients with 201 attempts of direct aspiration. A higher diameter ratio was associated with a higher recanalization rate. The analysis in terciles showed that the odds of success were 4.80 higher when the ratio was >0.71 vs <0.54 (p < 0.01). Inter-rater agreement showed near-perfect intraclass correlation with 0.93 (0.91-0.94) consistency and 0.92 (0.90-0.94) absolute agreement. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated an association between higher recanalization and a diameter of ratio >0.71 between the aspiration catheter and the occluded artery. These results could guide intraoperative decisions regarding the appropriate selection of aspiration catheters during mechanical thrombectomy increasing the rate of successful recanalisation. A larger study could provide additional data to further specify the optimal ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Charbonnier
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France; Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive - UR 481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
| | - Panagiotis Primikiris
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Maxime Desmarets
- Inserm CIC 1431, CHU Besançon, Unité de méthodologie, Besançon, France; UMR 1098 Right, Inserm, Établissement Français du Sang, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Gregory Tio
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive - UR 481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Inserm CIC 1431, CHU Besançon, Unité de méthodologie, Besançon, France
| | - Sergio Vancheri
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Fortunato Di Caterino
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Alessandra Biondi
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France; Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive - UR 481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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Kato S, Ban Y, Ota T, Miki N. Microfabricated Nitinol Stent Retrievers with a Micro-Patterned Surface. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:213. [PMID: 38398942 PMCID: PMC10893500 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Stent retrievers are medical devices that are designed to physically remove blood clots from within the blood vessels of the brain. This paper focuses on microfabricated nitinol (nickel-titanium alloy) stent retrievers, which feature micro-patterns on their surface to enhance the effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy. A thick film of nitinol, which was 20 µm in thickness, was sputtered onto a substrate with a micro-patterned surface, using electroplated copper as the sacrificial layer. The nitinol film was released from the substrate and then thermally treated while folded into a cylindrical shape. In vitro experiments with pig blood clots demonstrated that the micro-patterns on the surface improved the efficacy of blood clot retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Norihisa Miki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.B.); (T.O.)
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Tomasello A, Gramegna LL, Vega P, Castaño C, Moreu M, Dominguez C, Macho J. Mechanical thrombectomy with a new intermediate balloon catheter combining the BGC and DAC features: Initial clinical experience with the iNedit device. Interv Neuroradiol 2023:15910199231207407. [PMID: 37847747 DOI: 10.1177/15910199231207407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The iNedit balloon distal access catheter is a novel thrombectomy device. It has an inner diameter of 0.058″, proximal outer diameter of 2.13 mm, and distal outer diameter of 1.67mm. It is compatible with a 0.088″ guide catheter and includes a balloon located 5 cm from the catheter tip, enabling proximal flow restriction and combined therapy with stent retrievers. We investigate the appraisal of the use, safety, and efficacy of the iNedit catheter in the first-in-human study. METHODS In the preliminary cases that demanded training on the product previous to a multicentric study, prospective data were collected on 22 consecutive patients treated with the iNedit catheter to perform thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion within 24 h. The outcome measures consisted of several evaluations of user experience rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (bad) to 5 (excellent), as well as assessments of procedural safety outcomes such as artery perforation and arterial occlusion, procedural efficacy outcomes including first-pass effect (Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction [TICI] 2c/3) and final recanalization (TICI 2b/3), and clinical efficacy outcomes such as a 3-month 0-2 modified Rankin Scale (mRS). RESULTS The mean age was 72 ± 12 years old; median National Institute Health Stroke Scale was 17 (11-19). Sites of primary occlusion were: 2 internal carotid artery, 12 M1-MCA, 7 M2-MCA, and one P1. Median score evaluation of the appraisal of use was 4- IQR [4-5]. The median number of passes was 1 [IQR 1-2]. First pass complete recanalization rate was 50% and the final recanalization rate was 94.45%. No artery perforation and arterial occlusion. Good functional outcome mRS 0-2 was achieved in 50% of patients. CONCLUSIONS In this initial clinical experience, iNedit device achieved a high rate of first-pass effect and final recanalization rate with no safety concerns, thus favoring a high percentage of good clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Tomasello
- Interventional Neuroradiology Section, Vall d Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Vega
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos Castaño
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Manuel Moreu
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Radiology Department, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Dominguez
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital General Universitario Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Macho
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Remollo S, Werner M, Blasco J, López-Rueda A, San Roman L, Jimenez-Gomez E, Bravo Rey I, Vega P, Murias E, Rosati S, Pérez-García C, González E, Manso X, Aixut S, Chirife Chaparro O, Terceño M, Bashir S, Pumar JM, Ruiz-González E, Méndez JC, Aguilar Tejedor Y, Zamarro J, Castaño M, Daunis-I-Estadella P, Puig J. First-Pass Effect in M1-Occlusion Stroke Patients Treated with Combined Stent-Retriever/Large-Bore Distal Aspiration Catheter Thrombectomy. Clin Neuroradiol 2023; 33:701-708. [PMID: 36856786 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-023-01264-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Combined stent-retriever/large-bore distal aspiration catheter (LB-DAC) thrombectomy was recently introduced to treat large-vessel occlusion; however, it is unclear whether larger inner diameters improve outcomes. We compared angiographic and clinical outcomes in patients with occlusions of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery treated with mechanical thrombectomy using extra-LB-DAC versus LB-DAC in combination with stent-retrievers. METHODS We analyzed consecutive patients with M1 occlusion included in the ROSSETTI registry treated with non-balloon guide catheter combined LB-DAC/stent-retriever thrombectomy between June 2019 and April 2022. We compared demographics, baseline clinical variables, procedural variables, angiographic outcomes, and clinical outcomes [National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 h (24h-NIHSS) and modified Rankin scale score at 3 months] between patients treated with extra-LB-DAC (Sofia Plus, MIVI Q6, Catalyst7; inner diameter, 0.068″-0.070″) versus LB-DAC (Sofia 5F, MIVI Q5, Catalyst 6; inner diameter, 0.055″-0.064″). Primary outcome was the first-pass effect (FPE) rate, defined as near-complete/complete reperfusion (mTICI 2c-3) after a single pass of the device. RESULTS We included 324 patients (extra-LB-DAC, 185, 57.1% patients). Demographics, clinical data, and clinical outcomes were similar between the two groups; however, there was a trend towards improvement in National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 h (24h-NIHSS) in the cohort treated with extra-LB-DAC 9 points (IQR 4;16 points) vs. 12 points (IQR 4;18 points, P = 0.083). Patients treated with extra-LB-DAC had higher FPE rate (47% vs. 30.9%; P = 0.003) and higher modified FPE (mTICI ≥ 2b after a single pass) rate (65.9% vs 46.8%; P = 0.001). The use of extra-LB-DAC was an independent factor in predicting FPE (odds ratio 1.982, 95% confidence interval 1.250-3.143, P = 0.004). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that in combined LB-DAC/stent-retriever thrombectomy, a larger aspiration catheter inner diameter is associated with higher rates of FPE and mFPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Remollo
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - M Werner
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - J Blasco
- Neurointerventional Department CDI, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A López-Rueda
- Neurointerventional Department CDI, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L San Roman
- Neurointerventional Department CDI, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Jimenez-Gomez
- Diagnostic and Therapeutical Neuroradiology Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - I Bravo Rey
- Neuroradiology Department, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain
| | - P Vega
- Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - E Murias
- Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - S Rosati
- Neurointerventional Unit, Hospital Clinico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Pérez-García
- Neurointerventional Unit, Hospital Clinico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - E González
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Radiology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - X Manso
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Radiology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - S Aixut
- Neuroradiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Llobregat, Spain
| | - O Chirife Chaparro
- Neuroradiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Llobregat, Spain
| | - M Terceño
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - S Bashir
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - J M Pumar
- Neuroradiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - E Ruiz-González
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - J C Méndez
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Aguilar Tejedor
- Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - J Zamarro
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Castaño
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - P Daunis-I-Estadella
- Department of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - J Puig
- Department of Radiology (IDI) and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona, Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain.
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11
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Luisi CA, Amiri A, Büsen M, Sichermann T, Nikoubashman O, Wiesmann M, Steinseifer U, Müller M, Neidlin M. Investigation of Cerebral Hemodynamics During Endovascular Aspiration: Development of an Experimental and Numerical Setup. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2023; 14:393-403. [PMID: 36814059 PMCID: PMC10412675 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute ischemic stroke is a life-threatening emergency caused by an occlusion of a cerebral artery through a blood clot. Aspiration thrombectomy is an endovascular therapy for the removal of vessel occlusions. However, open questions regarding the hemodynamics during the intervention remain, motivating investigations of blood flow within cerebral arteries. In this study, we present a combined experimental and numerical approach to analyze hemodynamics during endovascular aspiration. METHODS We have developed an in vitro setup for investigations of hemodynamic changes during endovascular aspiration within a compliant model of patient-specific cerebral arteries. Pressures, flows, and locally resolved velocities were obtained. In addition, we established a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and compared the simulations during physiological conditions and in two aspiration scenarios with different occlusions. RESULTS Flow redistribution within cerebral arteries after ischemic stroke is strongly dependent on the severity of the occlusion and on the volume flow extracted by endovascular aspiration. Numerical simulations exhibit an excellent correlation of R = 0.92 for flow rates and a good correlation of R = 0.73 for pressures. Further on, the local velocity field inside the basilar artery had a good agreement between CFD model and particle image velocimetry (PIV) data. CONCLUSION The presented setup allows for in vitro investigations of artery occlusions and endovascular aspiration techniques on arbitrary patient-specific cerebrovascular anatomies. The in silico model provides consistent predictions of flows and pressures in several aspiration scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Luisi
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Amiri
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Büsen
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Sichermann
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - O Nikoubashman
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Wiesmann
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - U Steinseifer
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Müller
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Neidlin
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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12
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Benemerito I, Mustafa A, Wang N, Narata AP, Narracott A, Marzo A. A multiscale computational framework to evaluate flow alterations during mechanical thrombectomy for treatment of ischaemic stroke. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1117449. [PMID: 37008318 PMCID: PMC10050705 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1117449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of ischaemic stroke increasingly relies upon endovascular procedures known as mechanical thrombectomy (MT), which consists in capturing and removing the clot with a catheter-guided stent while at the same time applying external aspiration with the aim of reducing haemodynamic loads during retrieval. However, uniform consensus on procedural parameters such as the use of balloon guide catheters (BGC) to provide proximal flow control, or the position of the aspiration catheter is still lacking. Ultimately the decision is left to the clinician performing the operation, and it is difficult to predict how these treatment options might influence clinical outcome. In this study we present a multiscale computational framework to simulate MT procedures. The developed framework can provide quantitative assessment of clinically relevant quantities such as flow in the retrieval path and can be used to find the optimal procedural parameters that are most likely to result in a favorable clinical outcome. The results show the advantage of using BGC during MT and indicate small differences between positioning the aspiration catheter in proximal or distal locations. The framework has significant potential for future expansions and applications to other surgical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Benemerito
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ivan Benemerito,
| | - Ahmed Mustafa
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ning Wang
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Paula Narata
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Narracott
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Marzo
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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13
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Bhattacharyya M, Badger CA, Jankowitz BT, Shaikh HA. Case report: Utilization and efficacy of large-bore catheters in mechanical thrombectomies. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1035959. [PMID: 36703630 PMCID: PMC9871883 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1035959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombotic strokes are caused by occlusion of flow in a blood vessel by a clot or thrombus, resulting in disruption of oxygen and nutrients to the brain that can result in neurological deficits. There are many devices now available for safe and effective removal of thrombi from large blood vessels. This report focuses on the Zoom 0.088" large-bore catheter, which has the potential to be navigated into a large vessel for thrombus removal via aspiration, and weigh the risks and benefits of its utilization in thrombectomy patients. In this case, we discuss the use of this device for thrombectomy of a left M1 middle cerebral artery occlusion that resulted in a distal left MCA dissection and eventual loss of access to the site of the thrombus. Ultimately, the patient died from a large stroke in the left MCA territory. In light of this occurrence, we seek to explore the utility and feasibility of large-bore catheters and their risks in thrombectomy candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Bhattacharyya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States,*Correspondence: Meghna Bhattacharyya ✉
| | - Clint A. Badger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Brian T. Jankowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Hamza A. Shaikh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States,Department of Radiology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States
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14
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Narloch J, Piasecki A, Ziecina P, Dȩbiec A, Wierzbicki M, Staszewski J, Piasecki P. Is aspiration an effective acute stroke treatment in older adults? Front Neurol 2023; 14:1149531. [PMID: 37200781 PMCID: PMC10185788 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1149531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinical outcomes after interventional stroke treatment rely on several factors, with older age being associated with poorer results, which are mainly attributed to patient's comorbidities and medications. The delivery of an aspiration catheter could be hindered by carotid tortuosity, which is more prevalent in elderly patients with increasing age. In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical and angiographic outcomes of a direct aspiration first-pass technique in interventional stroke treatment for elderly patients compared with younger patients. Materials and methods A total of 162 patients (92 women and 70 men, aged between 35 and 94 years +/- 12.4 years) were included in this study. Patients who were treated in a comprehensive stroke center due to a large-vessel occlusion stroke using aspiration as the first-choice treatment were included in this study. To evaluate carotid arteries, the tortuosity index (TI) was calculated for each segment of each carotid pathway. Results Age correlated significantly with the presence of carotid tortuosity (R = 0.408, p = 0.000), extracranial length ratio (R = 0.487, p = 0.000), and overall length ratio (R = 0.467, p = 0.000). No significant associations were found with coiling, kinking, or intracranial length ratio. Successful aspiration-based recanalization rate decreased with increasing age, and the differences between the age subgroups were not statistically significant. A comparison of the extreme subgroups, i.e., <60 years old vs. ≥80 years old, did not yield a statistically significant change (p = 0.068). Conclusion Successful aspiration-based recanalization rate decreased with increasing age; however, these differences were not significant. Clinical outcomes did not significantly differ with regard to carotid tortuosity, regardless of the time of assessment. Neither intracranial nor extracranial tortuosity was significantly associated with reperfusion-related complications in either of the age subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Narloch
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Military Institute of Medicine–National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Jerzy Narloch
| | - Adam Piasecki
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziecina
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Military Institute of Medicine–National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Dȩbiec
- Department of Neurology, Military Institute of Medicine–National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Wierzbicki
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Military Institute of Medicine–National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Staszewski
- Department of Neurology, Military Institute of Medicine–National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Piasecki
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Military Institute of Medicine–National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Kim S, Lee JY. Comparison of vacuum pressures and suction forces generated by different pump systems for aspiration thrombectomy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:978584. [PMID: 36277930 PMCID: PMC9582518 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.978584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Aspiration thrombectomy is used to treat endovascular stroke treatment by clot removal through vacuum and suction forces. We aimed to investigate the pressures and suction forces generated by different pump systems for aspiration. Methods Vacuum pressure was measured using a vacuum gauge with a closed tip for a 60cc syringe and aspiration pumps. Using an artificial thrombus made from polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and latex membrane, we assessed the catheter tip force generated on an artificial thrombus using 5Fr Sofia and 6Fr Sofia PLUS intermediate catheters combined with Penumbra Jet Engine or Stryker Medela AXS Universal Aspiration Set. Subsequently, we calculated the catheter tip forces based on the pressure [catheter tip size (force = area × pressure)], and compared with the measured catheter tip force. Results The 60cc syringe generated the highest vacuum pressure. Among the automatic pumps, the Penumbra jet engine generated the highest vacuum pressure. The catheter tip forces on the artificial thrombus and latex membrane were 18.5 ± 1.70 and 8.0 ± 1.23 gf, respectively, and 13.9 ± 1.37 and 5.6 ± 0.83 gf, respectively using the 5 Fr Sofia with the Penumbra Jet Engine and the Stryker Medela AXS Universal Aspiration Set, respectively. The corresponding values for the 6 Fr Sofia PLUS with the Penumbra Jet Engine and Stryker Medela AXS Universal Aspiration Set were 39.7 ± 3.88 and 20.7 ± 0.92 gf and 25.4 ± 4.96 and 18.0 ± 0.84 gf. For a constant catheter diameter and the automatic pump, the catheter tip force was significantly larger in the artificial thrombus than latex membrane (p < 0.001, ANOVA). Conclusion The catheter diameter, vacuum pressure, and clot softness are positively correlated with the catheter tip force.
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16
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Efficacy of Balloon Guide Catheter-Assisted Thrombus Repair in Stroke Treatment: A Retrospective Survey in China. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4278048. [PMID: 36212711 PMCID: PMC9534624 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4278048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The first-pass (FP) effect, defined by successful cerebral reperfusion from a single pass of an endovascular stentriever, was associated with shorter procedural times and possible improved outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion. The adjunctive use of balloon guide catheter (BGC) may increase the rates of the first-pass effect. In this retrospective study we examined the impact of BGC on the first-pass effect in acute stroke patients. Methods We included patients with acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion treated by endovascular thrombectomy from 2018 to 2019. We categorized the cases into BGC and non-BGC groups. Differences in time metrics and outcomes were compared. Result One hundred and thirty-two patients were included, and sixty-two were in BGC group (47.0%). The median procedural time was shorter (83.0 minutes vs 120.0 minutes, P = 0.000), and FP rate was higher in BGC group (58.1% vs 32.9%, P = 0.004) compared with non-BGC group. Proportion of modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mMTICI) 3 was higher (66.1% vs 37.1%, P = 0.001), and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0 to 2 was higher (59.7% vs 41.4%, P = 0.036) in BGC group compared with non-BGC group. In addition, BGC was associated with successful reperfusion odds ratio, 0.383; 95% confidence interval: 0.174-0.847; P = 0.018). The FP rate of BGC in the distal ICA was higher than that in the proximal ICA (87.5% vs 39.5%, P = 0.000), and the good clinical outcome rate at 90 days in the distal ICA was also higher than that in the proximal ICA (91.7% vs 39.5%, P = 0.000). Conclusion We showed that BGC shortened the procedural time and increased the rate of the successful FP. We recommend that BGC could be considered the preferred technique for endovascular intervention in stroke.
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17
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Yi HJ, Kim BT, Shin DS. Effectiveness of Anchoring with Balloon Guide Catheter and Stent Retriever in Difficult Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large Vessel Occlusion. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2022; 65:514-522. [PMID: 35728980 PMCID: PMC9271811 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2021.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A distal navigation of a large bore aspiration catheter during mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is important. However, delivering a large bore aspiration catheter is difficult to a tortuous or atherosclerotic artery. We report the experience of anchoring with balloon guide catheter (BGC) and stent retriever to facilitate the passage of an aspiration catheter in MT. Methods When navigating an aspiration catheter failed with a conventional co-axial microcatheter delivery, an anchoring technique was used. Two types of anchoring technique were applied to facilitate distal navigation of a large bore aspiration catheter during MT. First, a passage of aspiration catheter was attempted with a proximal BGC anchoring technique. If this technique also failed, another anchoring technique with distal stent retriever was tried. Consecutive patients who underwent MT with an anchoring technique were identified. Details of procedure, radiologic outcomes, and safety variables were evaluated. Results A total of 67 patients underwent MT with an anchoring technique. Initial trial of aspiration catheter passage with proximal BGC anchoring technique was successful for 35 patients (52.2%) and the second trial with distal stent retriever anchoring was successful for 32 patients (47.8%). Overall, navigation of a large bore aspiration catheter was successful for all patients (100%) without any procedure related complications. Conclusion Our study showed the usefulness of anchoring technique with proximal BGC and distal stent retriever during MT, especially in those with an unfavorable anatomical structure. This technique could be an alternative option for delivering an of aspiration catheter to a distal location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jun Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum-Tae Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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18
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Johnson S, Dwivedi A, Mirza M, McCarthy R, Gilvarry M. A Review of the Advancements in the in-vitro Modelling of Acute Ischemic Stroke and Its Treatment. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:879074. [PMID: 35756535 PMCID: PMC9214215 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.879074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In-vitro neurovascular models of large vessel occlusions (LVOs) causing acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are used extensively for pre-clinical testing of new treatment devices. They enable physicians and engineers to examine device performance and the response of the occlusion to further advance design solutions for current unmet clinical needs. These models also enable physicians to train on basic skills, to try out new devices and new procedural approaches, and for the stroke team to practice workflows together in the comfort of a controlled environment in a non-clinical setting. Removal of the occlusive clot in its entirety is the primary goal of the endovascular treatment of LVOs via mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and the medical treatment via thrombolysis. In MT, recanalization after just one pass is associated with better clinical outcomes than procedures that take multiple passes to achieve the same level of recanalization, commonly known as first pass effect (FPE). To achieve this, physicians and engineers are continually investigating new devices and treatment approaches. To distinguish between treatment devices in the pre-clinical setting, test models must also be optimized and expanded become more nuanced and to represent challenging patient cohorts that could be improved through new technology or better techniques. The aim of this paper is to provide a perspective review of the recent advancements in the in-vitro modeling of stroke and to outline how these models need to advance further in future. This review provides an overview of the various in-vitro models used for the modeling of AIS and compares the advantages and limitations of each. In-vitro models remain an extremely useful tool in the evaluation and design of treatment devices, and great strides have been made to improve replication of physiological conditions. However, further advancement is still required to represent the expanding indications for thrombectomy and thrombolysis, and the generation of new thrombectomy devices, to ensure that smaller treatment effects are captured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Johnson
- Cerenovus (Johnson & Johnson), Galway Neuro Technology Centre, Galway, Ireland
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19
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Al Saiegh F, Munoz A, Velagapudi L, Theofanis T, Suryadevara N, Patel P, Jabre R, Chen CJ, Shehabeldin M, Gooch MR, Jabbour P, Tjoumakaris S, Rosenwasser RH, Herial NA. Patient and procedure selection for mechanical thrombectomy: Toward personalized medicine and the role of artificial intelligence. J Neuroimaging 2022; 32:798-807. [PMID: 35567418 DOI: 10.1111/jon.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion is standard of care. Evidence-based guidelines on eligibility for MT have been outlined and evidence to extend the treatment benefit to more patients, particularly those at the extreme ends of a stroke clinical severity spectrum, is currently awaited. As patient selection continues to be explored, there is growing focus on procedure selection including the tools and techniques of thrombectomy and associated outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been instrumental in the area of patient selection for MT with a role in diagnosis and delivery of acute stroke care. Machine learning algorithms have been developed to detect cerebral ischemia and early infarct core, presence of large vessel occlusion, and perfusion deficit in acute ischemic stroke. Several available deep learning AI applications provide ready visualization and interpretation of cervical and cerebral arteries. Further enhancement of AI techniques to potentially include automated vessel probe tools in suspected large vessel occlusions is proposed. Value of AI may be extended to assist in procedure selection including both the tools and technique of thrombectomy. Delivering personalized medicine is the wave of the future and tailoring the MT treatment to a stroke patient is in line with this trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Al Saiegh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alfredo Munoz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lohit Velagapudi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thana Theofanis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Neil Suryadevara
- Department of Neurology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Priyadarshee Patel
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Roland Jabre
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ching-Jen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohamed Shehabeldin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Reid Gooch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pascal Jabbour
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Robert H Rosenwasser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nabeel A Herial
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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Simplified classification of cavernous internal carotid artery tortuosity: a predictor of procedural complexity and clinical outcomes in mechanical thrombectomy. Neurol Res 2022; 44:918-926. [PMID: 35475775 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2068851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thromboaspiration catheters are increasingly used for the endovascular treatment of large vessel stroke (LVS), while tortuous vascular anatomy still remains one major challenge in mechanical thrombectomy. Prompt assessing and understanding cavernous internal carotid artery (cICA) tortuosity may help to predict procedural complexities of mechanical thrombectomy and thus improve the clinical outcomes. METHODS A retrospective review was performed on a cohort of LVS patients with thromboaspiration catheter. Simplified classification of cICA tortuosity was applied by measurement of the angle of the posterior genus (P) and the height from the peak of the posterior genu to the trough of the anterior genu (D). Statistical analyses were performed to analyze differences among the obtained types of cICA tortuosity regarding procedural characteristics and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 150 patients with LVS proximal to the internal ICA terminus and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were included in this study, and three types of cICA tortuosity were defined by the simplified classification. The index, such as patients ages and hypertension, procedural fluoroscopy time, the degree of cICA tortuosity, first-pass success, final reperfusion, and 90-day mortality showed significant differences among the three types (P < 0.05), while 90-day good outcome (mRS 0-2) only presented significant difference between Type I and Type III (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study indicated that the grading of cICA tortuosity is highly correlated with procedural complexity and clinical outcome in mechanical thrombectomy. The proposed classification system may be helpful in pre-procedure prognostication complexity and clinical outcomes.Abbreviations:LVS: large vessel stroke; cICA: cavernous internal carotid artery; mRS: modified Rankin Scale; AIS: acute ischemic stroke; MCA: middle cerebral artery; M1: first division of middle cerebral artery; M2: second division of middle cerebral artery; M3: third division of middle cerebral artery; TICI: Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction; TICI 2b: two-thirds of occluded territory reperfusion; DSA: digital subtraction angiography; FT: fluoroscopy time.
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21
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Drakopoulou M, Giannopoulou A, Zampakis P, Messinis L, Theofanopoulos A, Constantoyannis C, Panagiotopoulos VE. Suction thrombectomy using a microcatheter as a salvage method for acute distal occlusion during cerebral aneurysm embolization: A case report. Brain Circ 2022; 8:112-116. [PMID: 35909705 PMCID: PMC9336589 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_5_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aneurysm coiling process presents a risk of thromboembolic complications, mostly in patients with ruptured aneurysms, given the fact that they cannot receive antiplatelet therapy. Management strategies include medical anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy, intra-arterial thrombolysis, and mechanical thrombectomy using direct aspiration first-pass technique or stent retrievers. We report our own experience of using an Excelsior SL-10 Microcatheter (Stryker, Fremont, California, USA) with an internal diameter of 0.0165”, originally designed for coil delivery, for contact aspiration of a thrombotic occlusion of a distal anterior cerebral artery during coiling of a broad-based trilobar anterior communicating artery aneurysm. The clot was removed under continuous manual aspiration, and complete recanalization has been accomplished. Mechanical thrombectomy through microcatheter aspiration may be a safe and feasible treatment option for acute distal artery occlusions, especially in the case of tortuous distal vessels during embolization of cerebral aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Drakopoulou
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Petros Zampakis
- Department of Neuroendovascular Surgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Lambros Messinis
- Department of Neuropsychology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Vasileios Evangelos Panagiotopoulos
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Department of Neuroendovascular Surgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
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22
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Romano DG, Frauenfelder G, Diana F, Saponiero R. JET 7 catheter for direct aspiration in carotid T occlusions: preliminary experience and literature review. Radiol Med 2022; 127:330-340. [PMID: 35034326 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-022-01451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We report our preliminary experience with the Penumbra JET 7 reperfusion catheter (JET 7), a new large-bore (0.072″) aspiration catheter, in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to carotid T occlusion. METHODS Data of all eligible patients who received A Direct Aspiration First Pass Technique (ADAPT) for AIS due to carotid T occlusion at our center from March 2018 through June 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The safety and performance of JET 7 cases and smaller large-bore catheters (LBCs) were compared. RESULTS JET 7 was used in 19 patients, and smaller LBCs were used in 41 patients. Median puncture to revascularization time was significantly different between the JET 7 and the smaller LBCs (16 vs. 27 min; P = 0.011). The rate of patients who received rescue therapy with a stent retriever was also significantly different between the JET 7 cases and the smaller LBCs cases (5.3% vs. 22.0%; P = 0.046). Successful revascularization (TICI ≥ 2b) was achieved in 94.7% of JET 7 cases and 75.6% of smaller LBCs cases (P = 0.148). Good functional outcome (mRS 0-2) at 90 days occurred in 63.2% of JET 7 cases and 46.3% of smaller LBCs cases (P = 0.274). CONCLUSIONS In this early experience, ADAPT with JET 7 could be considered as one of the possible first-line therapies in carotid T occlusion, showing good rate of vascularization and lower rate of rescue therapy in comparison with smaller LBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Giuseppe Romano
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, 84100, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giulia Frauenfelder
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, 84100, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Francesco Diana
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, 84100, Salerno, Italy
| | - Renato Saponiero
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, 84100, Salerno, Italy
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Aspects of ischemic stroke biomechanics derived using ex-vivo and in-vitro methods relating to mechanical thrombectomy. J Biomech 2021; 131:110900. [PMID: 34954526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Establishing the underlying biomechanics of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and its treatment is fundamental to developing more effective clinical treatments for one of society's most impactful diseases. Recent changes in AIS management, driven by clinical evidence of improved treatments, has already led to a rapid rate of innovation, which is likely to be sustained for many years to come. These unprecedented AIS triage and treatment innovations provide a great opportunity to better understand the disease. In this article we provide a perspective on the recreation of AIS in the laboratory to inform contemporary device design and procedural techniques in mechanical thrombectomy. Presentation of these findings, which have been used to solve the applied problem of designing mechanical thrombectomy devices, is intended to help inform the development of basic biomechanics solutions for AIS.
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24
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Liu R, Jin C, Wang L, Yang Y, Fan Y, Wang W. Simulation of stent retriever thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke by finite element analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021; 25:740-749. [PMID: 34792427 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2021.1976761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Stent retriever thrombectomy has become an effective method for treating acute ischemic stroke. Successful recanalization cannot be achieved for all patients. The outcome of mechanical thrombectomy may be associated with some mechanical factors, requiring efficient tools that are able to assess the interaction between stent retrievers and clots. In this study, a simulation by finite element analysis was developed to evaluate the outcome of stent retriever thrombectomy for clots of different sizes and frictional properties. The deployment and retrieval of the stent retriever were conducted in a middle cerebral artery model. The recanalization, deformation of the clot and stent retriever and the stress induced in the clot were assessed. The results showed that higher friction could lead to failed recanalization and increased stress in the clot. The simulation method can be used to characterize the mechanical behaviour of stent retrievers and clots, offering a potential tool for the optimization of device design and the selection of surgical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Innovation & Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Innovation & Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yisong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Innovation & Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Innovation & Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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25
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Meder G, Żuchowski P, Skura W, Palacz-Duda V, Świtońska M, Nowaczewska M, Sokal P. Mechanical Thrombectomy in Stroke. Experience from Switching from Stent Retriever Only to Stent Retriever Combined with Aspiration Catheter. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1802. [PMID: 33918999 PMCID: PMC8122633 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endovascular treatment is a rapidly evolving technique; therefore, there is a constant need to evaluate this method and its modifications. This paper discusses a single-center experience and the results of switching from the stent retriever only (SO) mechanical thrombectomy (MT) to the combined approach (CA), with a stent retriever and aspiration catheters. METHODS The study involved a retrospective analysis of 70 patients undergoing MT with the use of either SO or CA. The primary endpoint was the frequency of perfect reperfusion defined as grade 3 of the modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scale (mTICI) after the first pass. The secondary endpoints were the procedure success, defined as mTICI grades 2b-3; time of the procedure; clinical outcome, measured by 90 days' modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score; Δ NIHSS, defined as the difference between National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at patients' admission and discharge; and the total number of device passes. RESULTS Out of the 70 patients included, 33 were treated with SO and 37 with CA. In both groups, a total number of 42 patients received intravenous recombined tissue plasminogen activator (iv-rTPA: 20 patients (60.6%) in the SO group and 22 patients (59.5%) in the CA group (p = 1.000). There was a significant difference between the groups regarding first-pass success rate, with 46% in the CA group and 18% in the SO group, (OR 3.83, 95% CI 1.28 to 11.44, p = 0.016). Complete procedure success tended to be more frequent in the CA group than in the SO group-94.6% vs. 84.8% (OR 3.13, 95% CI 0.56 to 17.34, p = 0.193)-and CA tended to require a lower number of passes than SO (mean 1.76 vs. 2.09 passes per procedure, p = 0.114), yet these differences did not reach statistical significance. Mean duration of the procedure was significantly shorter in the CA group than in the SO group (49 min vs. 64 min, p = 0.017). There was a significant difference in clinical outcomes, with higher Δ NIHSS (9.3 in the CA group vs. 6.7 in the SO group, p = 0.025) after the procedure and 90-day mRS (median 2 in the CA group vs. 4 in the SO group, p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS Combining stent retrievers with aspiration catheters may offer a beneficial effect on angiographic results and clinical outcomes in stroke patients undergoing endovascular treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Meder
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Paweł Żuchowski
- Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Skura
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Violetta Palacz-Duda
- Stroke Intervention Centre, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (V.P.-D.); (M.Ś.)
| | - Milena Świtońska
- Stroke Intervention Centre, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (V.P.-D.); (M.Ś.)
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Nowaczewska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and Laryngological Oncology, Ludwik, Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowskiej—Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Paweł Sokal
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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26
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He G, Deng J, Zhang Y, Lu H, Zhao Y, Yan L, Zhu Y. Mechanical thrombectomy injury to the arterial wall: A comparison between catheter aspiration and stent retriever. Eur J Radiol 2021; 139:109723. [PMID: 33905977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the extent of arterial wall damage when SR and CA were used for treatment of AIS models to evaluate their efficacy and safety. METHODS A thrombin-induced thrombus was pre-injected into the right distal external carotid-maxillary artery (ECMA) in 12 dogs to create an acute thrombus occlusion model and were randomly divided into the SR group (n = 6; received SR treatment) and CA group (n = 6; received CA treatment). Device safety was also assessed by five passages through the normal left ECMA using each device. Device manipulation-related damage to arterial walls, final flow restoration, recanalization time and complications were recorded. RESULTS Sixteen retriever and 10 aspiration attempts were performed in the SR and CA groups. Reperfusion time was significantly reduced in the CA group (17.83 ± 1.96 vs. 28.33 ± 3.26 in the SR group; P = 0.02). Stent retriever thrombectomy resulted in an increased risk of endothelium denudation (1.17 ± 0.24 in SR group vs. 0.42 ± 0.15 in CA group; P = 0.01) and reduced frequency of vessel vasospasm (0.67 ± 0.14 in SR group vs. 0.25 ± 0.13 in CA group; P = 0.04). Injury score and thrombus deposition were similar between the two groups (P > 0.05). TICI 2b/3 flow restoration values of the right ECMA were 100 % in both groups. Device-related complications, including dissection (P = 0.21), side branch influence (P = 0.24), and distal thromboembolism (P = 1.00), did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION Both devices had similar efficacy and caused minimal arterial wall damage in our dog models. SR was more likely to cause endothelium denudation, while CA had a greater risk of vasospasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchen He
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiangshan Deng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Haitao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuwu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Yueqi Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Pérez-García C, Maegerlein C, Rosati S, Rüther C, Gómez-Escalonilla C, Zimmer C, Arrazola J, Berndt MT, Moreu M. Impact of aspiration catheter size on first-pass effect in the combined use of contact aspiration and stent retriever technique. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2021; 6:553-560. [PMID: 33782197 PMCID: PMC8717769 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2020-000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The first-pass effect (FPE), defined as a first-pass Expanded Treatment in Cerebral Ischaemia (eTICI) 2c/3 reperfusion, has emerged as a key metric of efficacy in mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischaemic stroke. The proximal balloon occlusion together with direct thrombus aspiration during stent retriever thrombectomy (PROTECT)-PLUS technique consists in the use of a balloon guide catheter and a combined MT approach involving contact aspiration and a stent retriever. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of the PROTECT-PLUS technique using distal aspiration catheters (DACs) with different inner diameters by comparing the large-bore DAC Catalyst 7 versus the use of medium-bore DACs. Methods Retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients treated with PROTECT-PLUS using Catalyst 7, Catalyst 6 or Catalyst 5 with an occlusion of either the terminal carotid artery or the M1 or M2 segments of the middle cerebral artery from 2018 to 2020 in two comprehensive stroke centres. Baseline characteristics and procedural, safety and clinical outcomes were compared between groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed in order to find independent predictors of FPE. Results We identified 238 consecutive patients treated with PROTECT-PLUS as front-line approach using Catalyst 7 (n=86), Catalyst 6 (n=78) and Catalyst 5 (n=76). The rate of FPE was higher with Catalyst 7 (54%) than Catalyst 6 (33%, p=0.009) and Catalyst 5 (32%, p=0.005), in addition to higher final eTICI 2c/3 reperfusion rates, shorter procedural times, lower need of rescue therapy and fewer procedure-related complications. After multivariable analysis the sole independent factor associated to FPE was the use of Catalyst 7 (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.19 to 4.58; p=0.014). Conclusion Further development of combined MT by incorporating larger-bore aspiration catheters is associated with higher reperfusion rates, shorter procedure times, and lower need of rescue therapy while reducing the complication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pérez-García
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Clinico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Maegerlein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Santiago Rosati
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Clinico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Charlotte Rüther
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Bayern, Germany
| | | | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Juan Arrazola
- Radiology, Hospital Clinico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Berndt
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Manuel Moreu
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Clinico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Srivatsa S, Duan Y, Sheppard JP, Pahwa S, Pace J, Zhou X, Bambakidis NC. Cerebral vessel anatomy as a predictor of first-pass effect in mechanical thrombectomy for emergent large-vessel occlusion. J Neurosurg 2021; 134:576-584. [PMID: 31978878 DOI: 10.3171/2019.11.jns192673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mechanical thrombectomy is effective in acute ischemic stroke secondary to emergent large-vessel occlusion, but optimal efficacy is contingent on fast and complete recanalization. First-pass recanalization does not occur in the majority of patients. The authors undertook this study to determine if anatomical parameters of the intracranial vessels impact the likelihood of first-pass complete recanalization. METHODS The authors retrospectively evaluated data obtained in 230 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke secondary to large-vessel occlusion at their institution from 2016 to 2018. Eighty-six patients were identified as having pure M1 occlusions, and 76 were included in the final analysis. The authors recorded and measured clinical and anatomical parameters and evaluated their relationships to the first-pass effect. RESULTS The first-pass effect was achieved in 46% of the patients. When a single device was employed, aspiration thrombectomy was more effective than stent retriever thrombectomy. A larger M1 diameter (p = 0.001), decreased vessel diameter tapering between the petrous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and M1 (p < 0.001), and distal collateral grading (p = 0.044) were associated with first-pass recanalization. LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) was used to generate a predictive model for recanalization using anatomical variables. CONCLUSIONS The authors demonstrated that a larger M1 vessel diameter, low rate of vessel diameter tapering along the course of the intracranial ICA, and distal collateral status are associated with first-pass recanalization for patients with M1 occlusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yifei Duan
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John P Sheppard
- 3David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Shivani Pahwa
- 4Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jonathan Pace
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Xiaofei Zhou
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nicholas C Bambakidis
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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29
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Fernandez-Sanchez D, Garcia-Sabido D, Jovin TG, Villanova H, Andersson T, Nogueira RG, Cognard C, Ribo M, Siddiqui AH, Galve I, Arad O, Salmon F. Suction force rather than aspiration flow correlates with recanalization in hard clots: an in vitro study model. J Neurointerv Surg 2021; 13:1157-1161. [PMID: 33514612 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-017242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ANA Advanced Neurovascular Access provides a novel funnel component designed to reduce clot fragmentation and facilitate retrieval in combination with stent-retrievers (SRs) in stroke patients by restricting flow and limiting clot shaving. In previous publications ANA presented excellent in vitro/in vivo efficacy data, especially with fibrin-rich hard clots. We aimed to determine the main physical property responsible for these results, namely suction force versus aspiration flow. METHODS We evaluated in a bench model the suction force and flow generated by ANA and compared them to other neurovascular catheters combined with a SR (Solitaire). Aspiration flow was evaluated with a flow rate sensor while applying vacuum pressure with a pump. Suction force was determined using a tensile strength testing machine and a purposely designed tool that completely seals the device tip simulating complete occlusion by a hard clot. Suction force was defined as the force needed to separate the device from the clot under aspiration. All experiments were repeated five times, and mean values used for comparisons. RESULTS Aspiration flow increased with the inner diameter of the device: ANA 1.85±0.04 mL/s, ACE68 3.74±0.05 mL/s, and 8F-Flowgate2 5.96±0.30 mL/s (P<0.001). After introducing the SR, the flow was reduced by an average of 0.57±0.12 mL/s. Due to its larger distal surface, ANA suction force (1.69±0.40 N) was significantly higher than ACE68 (0.26±0.04 N) and 8F-Flowgate2 (0.42±0.06 N) (P<0.001). After introducing the SR, suction force variation was not relevant except for ANA that increased to 2.64±0.41 N. CONCLUSION Despite lower in vitro aspiration flow, the ANA design showed a substantially higher suction force than other thrombectomy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tudor G Jovin
- Department of Neurointerventional Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Tommy Andersson
- Departments of Radiology and Neurology, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium.,Department of Neuroradiology and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raul G Nogueira
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cristophe Cognard
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Ribo
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain .,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adnan H Siddiqui
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | | | - Ofir Arad
- R&D, Anaconda Biomed, S L Barcelona, Spain
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30
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Pampana E, Fabiano S, De Rubeis G, Bertaccini L, Stasolla A, Vallone A, Pingi A, Mangiardi M, Anticoli S, Gasperini C, Cotroneo E. Tailored Vessel-Catheter Diameter Ratio in a Direct Aspiration First-Pass Technique: Is It a Matter of Caliber? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:546-550. [PMID: 33478941 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aspiration technique has gained a prominent role in mechanical thrombectomy. The thrombectomy goal is successful revascularization (modified TICI ≥ 2b) and first-pass effect. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the vessel-catheter ratio on the modified TICI ≥ 2b and first-pass effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective, single-center, cohort study. From January 2018 to April 2020, 111/206 (53.9%) were eligible after applying the exclusion criteria. Culprit vessel diameters were measured by 2 neuroradiologists, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used for assessing the vessel-catheter ratio cutoff for modified TICI ≥ 2b and the first-pass effect. Time to groin puncture and fibrinolysis were weighted using logistic regression. All possible intervals (interval size, 0.1; sliding interval, 0.01) of the vessel-catheter ratio were plotted, and the best and worst intervals were compared using the χ2 test. RESULTS Modified TICI ≥ 2b outcome was achieved in 75/111 (67.5%), and first-pass effect was achieved in 53/75 (70.6%). The MCA diameter was 2.1 mm with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.92. The optimal vessel-catheter ratio cutoffs for modified TICI ≥ 2b were ≤1.51 (accuracy = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.58-0.76; P = 0.001), and for first-pass effect, they were significant (≤1.33; P = .31). The modified TICI ≥ 2b odds ratio and relative risk were 9.2 (95% CI, 2.4-36.2; P = 0.002) and 3.2 (95% CI, 1.2-8.7; P = .024). The odds ratio remained significant after logistic regression (7.4; 95% CI, 1.7-32.5; P = .008). First-pass effect odds ratio and relative risk were not significant (2.1 and 1.5; P > .05, respectively). The modified TICI ≥ 2b best and worst vessel-catheter ratio intervals were not significantly different (55.6% versus 85.7%, P = .12). The first-pass effect best vessel-catheter ratio interval was significantly higher compared with the worst one (78.6% versus 40.0%, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS The aspiration catheter should be selected according to culprit vessel diameter. The optimal vessel-catheter ratio cutoffs were ≤1.51 for modified TICI ≥ 2b with an odds ratio of 9.2 and a relative risk of 3.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pampana
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neuroradiology and Interventional Neuroradiology (E.P., S.F., G.D.R., L.B., A.S., A.V., A.P., E.C.)
| | - S Fabiano
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neuroradiology and Interventional Neuroradiology (E.P., S.F., G.D.R., L.B., A.S., A.V., A.P., E.C.)
| | - G De Rubeis
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neuroradiology and Interventional Neuroradiology (E.P., S.F., G.D.R., L.B., A.S., A.V., A.P., E.C.)
| | - L Bertaccini
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neuroradiology and Interventional Neuroradiology (E.P., S.F., G.D.R., L.B., A.S., A.V., A.P., E.C.)
| | - A Stasolla
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neuroradiology and Interventional Neuroradiology (E.P., S.F., G.D.R., L.B., A.S., A.V., A.P., E.C.)
| | - A Vallone
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neuroradiology and Interventional Neuroradiology (E.P., S.F., G.D.R., L.B., A.S., A.V., A.P., E.C.)
| | - A Pingi
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neuroradiology and Interventional Neuroradiology (E.P., S.F., G.D.R., L.B., A.S., A.V., A.P., E.C.)
| | - M Mangiardi
- Stroke Unit Emergency Department, Unità Operativa Semplice Dipartimentale (M.M., S.A.)
| | - S Anticoli
- Stroke Unit Emergency Department, Unità Operativa Semplice Dipartimentale (M.M., S.A.)
| | - C Gasperini
- Department of Neuroscience, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neurology (C.G.), San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome Italy
| | - E Cotroneo
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Unità Operativa Complessa of Neuroradiology and Interventional Neuroradiology (E.P., S.F., G.D.R., L.B., A.S., A.V., A.P., E.C.)
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Frölich AM, Kim W, Stribrny K, Jansen O, Möhlenbruch M, Szikora I, Wodarg F, Fiehler J, Otto K, Chou T, Buhk JH, English J. The novel Tenzing 7 delivery catheter designed to deliver intermediate catheters to the face of embolus without crossing: clinical performance predicted in anatomically challenging model. J Neurointerv Surg 2020; 13:722-726. [PMID: 32883781 PMCID: PMC8292588 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background In large vessel occlusionstroke, navigation of aspiration catheters (AC) can be impeded by vessel tortuosity and the ophthalmic artery origin. A novel tapered delivery catheter was designed to facilitate delivery without disturbing the embolus. We assessed AC deliverability in vitro and validated the observations in a first-in-human experience. Methods In a vascular model with three challenging craniocervical scenarios, two commercial AC were advanced from the carotid to the middle cerebral artery by four neurointerventionalists. Catheter deliverability with standard microwire and microcatheter (MC) combinations and the Tenzing 7 (T7) Delivery Catheter (Route 92 Medical, San Mateo, CA) were compared. Operators rated aspects of catheter deliverability on a 5-point scale. Results were compared with device delivery patterns at a neurovascular center before and after clinical introduction of T7. Results In vitro, success rate and speed were higher with T7 (96%; mean 30±10 s) than with MC (65%; 72±47 s, p<0.001 each), with fewer interactions with the occlusion site (T7: 54% vs MC: 77%, p=0.004). T7 received superior ratings regarding carotid artery deflection (T7: 2, IQR1-3 vs MC: 3, IQR2-3, p<0.001), guide catheter pushback (T7: 2, IQR1-3 vs MC: 3, IQR3-3, p<0.001) and ophthalmic artery passage (T7: 1.5, IQR1-2 vs MC: 4, IQR3-5, p<0.001). Before introduction of T7 at a single center, delivery of AC to a large vessel occlusion without crossing was achieved in 15/123 cases (12%). With T7, this rate was 28/31 patients (90.3%). Conclusion Compared with microcatheter and microwire combinations, T7 improves aspiration catheter delivery in vitro, minimizing the need to cross the occlusion. Initial clinical experience appears to validate the model’s observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Maximilian Frölich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Warren Kim
- Radiology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Knut Stribrny
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Olav Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Markus Möhlenbruch
- Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Istvan Szikora
- Neurointerventions, National Institute of Neurosciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fritz Wodarg
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitatsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kim Otto
- Route 92 Medical, Inc, San Mateo, California, USA
| | - Tony Chou
- Route 92 Medical, Inc, San Mateo, California, USA
| | - Jan Hendrik Buhk
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joey English
- Radiology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
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Blanc R, Escalard S, Baharvadhat H, Desilles JP, Boisseau W, Fahed R, Redjem H, Ciccio G, Smajda S, Maier B, Delvoye F, Hebert S, Mazighi M, Piotin M. Recent advances in devices for mechanical thrombectomy. Expert Rev Med Devices 2020; 17:697-706. [DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2020.1784004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Blanc
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Université Paris Denis Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Simon Escalard
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Humain Baharvadhat
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean Philippe Desilles
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Université Paris Denis Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - William Boisseau
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Robert Fahed
- Department of Medicine/Division of Neurology, Department of Medical Imaging/Division of Radiology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hocine Redjem
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Gabriele Ciccio
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Stanislas Smajda
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Maier
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François Delvoye
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Solène Hebert
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Mikael Mazighi
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Université Paris Denis Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Michel Piotin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Université Paris Denis Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
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Shapiro SZ, Sabacinski KA, Mantripragada K, Shah SS, Stein AA, Echeverry NB, MacKinnon GA, Snelling BM. Access-Site Complications in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Prospective Trials. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:477-481. [PMID: 32079599 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A shift has occurred in interventional cardiology from transfemoral to transradial access due to a 70%-80% decrease in complications. This shift has not yet taken place in other interventional specialties, perhaps owing to the lack of generalizability of findings in the cardiology data. PURPOSE Our aim was to assess data from the recent mechanical thrombectomy prospective trials to better understand the access-site complication rate. DATA SOURCES Articles were systematically sourced from the National Center for Biotechnology Information PubMed archive. STUDY SELECTION According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, prospective, randomized controlled trials published after 2008 with mention of major and/or minor femoral access-site complications in neuroendovascular mechanical thrombectomies were included. DATA ANALYSIS Major and minor femoral access-site complications were extracted. A total complication rate was calculated with major access-site complications alone and combined with minor access-site complications. DATA SYNTHESIS Seven prospective studies of 339 total screened met the inclusion criteria. Eleven major access-site complications were identified in of 660 total interventions, revealing a major access-site complication rate of 1.67% for patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy with transfemoral access. If minor access-site complications were included, 35 total incidents were detected in 763 interventions, resulting in a total complication rate of 4.59%. LIMITATIONS Multiple unspecified vessel and procedure-related complications were mentioned in the studies. CONCLUSIONS The overall rate of major access-site complications was 1.67% in this review, which is not low and poses a risk to patients. We suggest further investigation into the feasibility and complication rates of alternative access sites for neurointerventional procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Shapiro
- From Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine (S.Z.S., K.A.S., K.M., N.B.E., G.A.M., B.M.S.), Boca Raton, Florida
| | - K A Sabacinski
- From Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine (S.Z.S., K.A.S., K.M., N.B.E., G.A.M., B.M.S.), Boca Raton, Florida
| | - K Mantripragada
- From Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine (S.Z.S., K.A.S., K.M., N.B.E., G.A.M., B.M.S.), Boca Raton, Florida
| | - S S Shah
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (S.S.S.), Miami, Florida
| | - A A Stein
- Department of Neurological Surgery (A.A.S.), New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - N B Echeverry
- From Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine (S.Z.S., K.A.S., K.M., N.B.E., G.A.M., B.M.S.), Boca Raton, Florida
| | - G A MacKinnon
- From Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine (S.Z.S., K.A.S., K.M., N.B.E., G.A.M., B.M.S.), Boca Raton, Florida
| | - B M Snelling
- From Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine (S.Z.S., K.A.S., K.M., N.B.E., G.A.M., B.M.S.), Boca Raton, Florida .,Marcus Neuroscience Institute (B.M.S.), Boca Raton Regional Hospital, Boca Raton, Florida
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Johnson S, McCarthy R, Fahy B, Mereuta OM, Fitzgerald S, Gaudirc J, Remadi JP, Shotar E, Sourour NA, Doyle K, Gilvarry M, McGarry P, McHugh PE, Clarençon F. Development of an in vitro model of calcified cerebral emboli in acute ischemic stroke for mechanical thrombectomy evaluation. J Neurointerv Surg 2020; 12:1002-1007. [PMID: 31900353 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2019-015595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
: BACKGROUND: Calcified cerebral emboli (CCEs) are a rare cause of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and are frequently associated with poor outcomes. The presence of dense calcified material enables reliable identification of CCEs using non-contrast CT. However, recanalization rates with the available mechanical thrombectomy (MT) devices remain low. OBJECTIVE: To recreate a large vessel occlusion involving a CCE using an in vitro silicone model of the intracranial vessels and to demonstrate the feasability of this model to test different endovascular strategies to recanalize an occlusion of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). : METHODS: An in vitro model was developed to evaluate different endovascular treatment approaches using contemporary devices in the M1 segment of the MCA. The in vitro model consisted of a CCE analog placed in a silicone neurovascular model. Development of an appropriate CCE analog was based on characterization of human calcified tissues that represent likely sources of CCEs. Feasibility of the model was demonstrated in a small number of MT devices using four common procedural techniques. : RESULTS: CCE analogs were developed with similar mechanical behavior to that of ex vivo calcified material. The in vitro model was evaluated with various MT techniques and devices to show feasibility of the model. In this limited evaluation, the most successful retrieval approach was performed with a stent retriever combined with local aspiration through a distal access catheter, and importantly, with flow arrest and dual aspiration using a balloon guide catheter. : CONCLUSION: Characterization of calcified tissues, which are likely sources of CCEs, has shown that CCEs are considerably stiffer than thrombus. This highlights the need for a different in vitro AIS model for CCEs than those used for thromboemboli. Consequentially, an in vitro AIS model representative of a CCE occlusion in the M1 segment of the MCA has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Johnson
- Biomedical Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ray McCarthy
- Cerenovus, Galway Neuro Technology Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Brian Fahy
- Cerenovus, Galway Neuro Technology Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Seán Fitzgerald
- Department of Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Julien Gaudirc
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Remadi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Eimad Shotar
- Department of Neuroradiology, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Karen Doyle
- Department of Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Patrick McGarry
- Biomedical Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter E McHugh
- Biomedical Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Frédéric Clarençon
- Department of Neuroradiology, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France .,Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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Romano DG, Frauenfelder G, Napoletano R, Botto A, Locatelli G, Panza MP, Siani A, Tartaglione S, Visconti E, Saponiero R. ADAPT with New Catalyst 5 Reperfusion Catheter for Distal M2 Ischemic Stroke: Preliminary Experience. World Neurosurg 2019; 135:e650-e656. [PMID: 31881341 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to assess preliminary technical and clinical outcomes of Catalyst 5 (CAT 5) as front-line aspiration treatment for M2-M3 occlusion in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS Patients with symptomatic stroke and distal M2 or M3 occlusions were enrolled retrospectively. A direct aspiration first-pass technique was used as the first treatment option for absolute contraindication to intravenous fibrinolytic therapy. Time to recanalization, first attempt recanalization, and number of attempts were recorded. Successful recanalization was defined as a modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score ≥2b; incidence of procedure-related complications was recorded. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at discharge and modified Rankin Scale score at 90 days were evaluated by a dedicated neurologist. RESULTS A total of 11 acute occlusions of distal M2-M3 segment were treated with a direct aspiration first-pass technique using CAT 5 (mean age 69.3 years). Tandem occlusion was present in 2 cases. Intracranial preocclusive mean vessel diameter was 1.9 mm. Overall modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score ≥2b was obtained in 72.7% of patients with mean time to recanalization of 36.4 minutes and a mean of 1.9 attempts. First-attempt recanalization with CAT 5 was obtained in 54% of patients with a mean time to recanalization of 29.2 minutes. A stent retriever with proximal aspiration was incorporated as a rescue device in 2 cases. Embolization of new territories was reported after CAT 5 aspiration in 1 patient. No intracranial hemorrhage was detected on follow-up computed tomography. The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at discharge was 3. At 90 days, a modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2 was achieved in 90.9% of patients. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary experience using CAT 5 in distal occlusions demonstrates that it may be safe and effective in acute stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Frauenfelder
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Rosa Napoletano
- Stroke Unit, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Annibale Botto
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Locatelli
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Panza
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alfredo Siani
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Salvatore Tartaglione
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Emiliano Visconti
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Renato Saponiero
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.U. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
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Chivot C, Renier J, Deramond H, Bouzerar R, Yzet T. Direct aspiration for thrombectomy in ischemic stroke: Impact of dwell time. Interv Neuroradiol 2019; 26:211-215. [PMID: 31696769 DOI: 10.1177/1591019919886410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of dwell time on the efficacy of the direct aspiration thrombectomy in ischemic stroke. METHODS The study is a review of our prospective cerebral thrombectomy database of subjects admitted from January to December 2017. We performed direct aspiration with 2 min dwell time as recommended by the manufacturer (group 1) and 5 min dwell time (group 2) between January-June and July-December, respectively. The primary outcome was successful reperfusion after the first pass defined as modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scores 2 b/3. RESULTS Eighty-five patients had a cerebral thrombectomy by direct aspiration, 45 in group 1 and 40 in group 2. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups but a trend toward a better modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction first pass 2 b/3 rate in group 2 (70% versus 48.8%, p = 0.06). Although not statistically significant (p = 0.07), the ratio of rescue therapy with stent retriever was higher in group 1 (40%) than in group 2 (22.5%). After all passes, modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2 b-3 was obtained in 82.2% (37/45) of cases in group 1 and in 90% (36/40) of cases in group 2. Among 76 patients (89.5%) with modified Rankin Scale assessment at three months, no significant difference (p = 0.3) was found in the proportion of functionally independent individuals between groups 1 and 2 (51.8% versus 55.6%, respectively). CONCLUSION Although statistical significance was not reached, our retrospective analysis exhibited a strong trend toward modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction first pass improvement when dwell time was increased from 2 to 5 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Chivot
- Department of Radiology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Julie Renier
- Department of Radiology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Hervé Deramond
- Department of Radiology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Roger Bouzerar
- Image Processing Department, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Thierry Yzet
- Department of Radiology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
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37
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Gross BA, Jadhav AP, Jovin TG, Jankowitz BT. Clinical Comparison of New Generation 0.071-inch and 0.072-inch Aspiration Catheters. World Neurosurg 2019; 130:e463-e466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yaeger K, Iserson A, Singh P, Wolf J, Vidal E, Oxley T, Costa AB, Fifi JT. A technical comparison of thrombectomy vacuum aspiration systems. J Neurointerv Surg 2019; 12:72-76. [PMID: 31273074 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2019-014929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improved functional outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy for emergent large vessel occlusion depend on expedient reperfusion after clinical presentation. Device technology has improved substantially over the years, and several commercial options exist for both large-bore aspiration catheters and suction pump systems. OBJECTIVE To compare various vacuum pumps and examine the aspiration forces they generate as well as the force of catheter tip detachment from an artificial thrombus. METHODS Using an artificial thrombus made from polyvinyl alcohol gel, we tested various mechanical characteristics of commercially available suction pumps, including the Penumbra Jet Engine, Penumbra Max, Stryker Medela AXS, Microvention Gomco, and a 60 cc syringe. Both aspiration pressure and tip force generated were analyzed. Subsequently, a cohort of thrombectomy catheters were assessed using the Penumbra Jet Engine to determine tip forces generated on an artificial thrombus. One-way analysis of variance was used to assess statistical significance. RESULTS The Penumbra Jet Engine system generated both the highest maximum aspiration pressures (28.8 inches Hg) and the highest tip force (23.68 grams force (gf)) on an artificial thrombus, with statistical significance compared with the other pump systems. Using the Jet Engine, the largest-bore catheter was associated with the highest tip force (32.12 gf). The overall correlation coefficient between catheter inner diameter and tip force was 0.98. CONCLUSIONS The Penumbra Jet Engine pump generates significantly higher vacuum pressures and tip forces than the other commercially available aspiration pump systems. Furthermore, catheters with a larger inner diameter generate higher tip suction forces on aspiration. Whether these mechanical features lead to improved clinical outcomes is yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Yaeger
- Neurological Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sinai BioDesign, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Annabelle Iserson
- Neurological Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul Singh
- Neurological Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob Wolf
- Sinai BioDesign, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ester Vidal
- Neurological Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas Oxley
- Neurological Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sinai BioDesign, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anthony B Costa
- Neurological Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sinai BioDesign, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Johanna T Fifi
- Neurological Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Marnat G, Barreau X, Detraz L, Bourcier R, Gory B, Sgreccia A, Gariel F, Berge J, Menegon P, Kyheng M, Labreuche J, Consoli A, Blanc R, Lapergue B. First-Line Sofia Aspiration Thrombectomy Approach within the Endovascular Treatment of Ischemic Stroke Multicentric Registry: Efficacy, Safety, and Predictive Factors of Success. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1006-1012. [PMID: 31122921 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE After publications on the effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy by stent retrievers in acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion, alternative endovascular approaches have been proposed using first-line aspiration catheters. Several devices are currently available to perform A Direct Aspiration First Pass Technique. The Sofia catheter aspiration has been widely used by interventionalists, but data are scarce about its efficacy and safety. Our aim was to report our multicenter thrombectomy experience with first-line Sofia catheter aspiration and to identify independent prognostic factors of clinical and procedural outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of the prospectively maintained Endovascular Treatment of Ischemic Stroke multicentric registry. Data from consecutive patients who benefited from thrombectomy with a first-line Sofia approach between January 2013 and April 2018 were studied. We excluded other first-line approaches (stent retriever or combined aspiration and stent retriever) and extracranial occlusions. Baseline characteristics, procedural data, and angiographic and clinical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS During the study period, 296 patients were treated. Mean age and initial NIHSS score were, respectively, 69.5 years and 16. Successful reperfusion, defined by the modified TICI 2b/3, was obtained in 86.1% (n = 255; 95% CI, 81.7%-89.9%). Complete reperfusion (modified TICI 3) was obtained in 41.2% (n = 122; 95% CI, 35.5%-47.1%). A first-pass effect was achieved in 24.2% (n = 71; 95% CI, 19.4%-29.6%). A rescue stent retriever approach was required in 29.7% (n = 88; 95% CI, 24.6%-35.3%). The complication rate was 9.5% (n = 28; 95% CI, 6.4%-13.5%). Forty-three percent (n = 122; 95% CI, 37.1%-48.9%) of patients presented with a favorable 3-month outcome (mRS ≤ 2). Older age, M1-occlusion topography, and intravenous thrombolysis use prior to thrombectomy were independent predictors of the first-pass effect. CONCLUSIONS The first-line contact aspiration approach appeared safe and efficient with Sofia catheters. These devices achieved very high reperfusion rates with a low requirement for stent retriever rescue therapy, especially for M1 occlusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marnat
- From the Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology Department (G.M., X.B., F.G., J.B., P.M.), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - X Barreau
- From the Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology Department (G.M., X.B., F.G., J.B., P.M.), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - L Detraz
- Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology Department (L.D., R.B.), Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - R Bourcier
- Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology Department (L.D., R.B.), Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department (R.B.), Fondation Ophtalmologique Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - B Gory
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology (B.G.), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1254 (B.G.), IADI F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - A Sgreccia
- Department of Radiology (A.S.), Ospedali Riuniti, Siena, Italy
| | - F Gariel
- From the Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology Department (G.M., X.B., F.G., J.B., P.M.), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Berge
- From the Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology Department (G.M., X.B., F.G., J.B., P.M.), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - P Menegon
- From the Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology Department (G.M., X.B., F.G., J.B., P.M.), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Kyheng
- Université Lille (M.K., J.L.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - J Labreuche
- Université Lille (M.K., J.L.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Consoli
- Department of Neuroradiology (A.C.), Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - R Blanc
- From the Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology Department (G.M., X.B., F.G., J.B., P.M.), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - B Lapergue
- Department of Neurology (B.L.), Stroke Center, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
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40
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Arslanian RA, Marosfoi M, Caroff J, King RM, Raskett C, Puri AS, Gounis MJ, Chueh JY. Complete clot ingestion with cyclical ADAPT increases first-pass recanalization and reduces distal embolization. J Neurointerv Surg 2019; 11:931-936. [PMID: 30718384 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2018-014625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is mounting that first-pass complete recanalization during mechanical thrombectomy is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients presenting with an emergent large vessel occlusion. We hypothesize that aspiration achieving complete clot ingestion results in higher first-pass successful recanalization with quantitative reduction in distal emboli. METHODS A patient-specific cerebrovascular replica was connected to a flow loop. Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery was achieved with clot analogs. Independent variables were the diameter of the aspiration catheter (0.054-0.088in) and aspiration pattern (static versus cyclical). Outcome measures were the first-pass rates of complete clot ingestion, the extent of recanalization, and the particle-size distribution of distal emboli. RESULTS All aspiration catheters were successfully navigated to the occlusion. Complete clot ingestion during aspiration thrombectomy resulted in first-pass complete recanalization in every experiment, only achieved in 21% of experiments with partial ingestion (P<0.0001). Aspiration through the large bore 0.088in device resulted in the highest rates of complete clot ingestion (90%). Cyclical aspiration (18-29 inHg, 0.5 Hz) significantly increased the rate of complete clot ingestion (OR21 [1.6, 266]; P=0.04). In all experiments, complete clot ingestion resulted in fewer and smaller distal emboli. CONCLUSIONS Complete clot ingestion results in fewer distal emboli and the highest rates of first-pass complete recanalization. The rate of complete ingestion during aspiration thrombectomy is a function of both the inner diameter of the aspiration catheter and use of cyclical aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose A Arslanian
- Department of Radiology, New England Center for Stroke Research, Division of Neuroimaging and Intervention, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Miklos Marosfoi
- Department of Radiology, New England Center for Stroke Research, Division of Neuroimaging and Intervention, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jildaz Caroff
- Hôpital Beaujon, Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Clichy, France
| | - Robert M King
- Department of Radiology, New England Center for Stroke Research, Division of Neuroimaging and Intervention, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher Raskett
- Department of Radiology, New England Center for Stroke Research, Division of Neuroimaging and Intervention, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ajit S Puri
- Department of Radiology, New England Center for Stroke Research, Division of Neuroimaging and Intervention, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew J Gounis
- Department of Radiology, New England Center for Stroke Research, Division of Neuroimaging and Intervention, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ju-Yu Chueh
- Department of Radiology, New England Center for Stroke Research, Division of Neuroimaging and Intervention, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Boeckh-Behrens T, Pree D, Lummel N, Friedrich B, Maegerlein C, Kreiser K, Kirschke J, Berndt M, Lehm M, Wunderlich S, Mosimann PJ, Fischer U, Zimmer C, Kaesmacher J. Vertebral Artery Patency and Thrombectomy in Basilar Artery Occlusions. Stroke 2019; 50:389-395. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.022466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Factors influencing recanalization success in basilar artery occlusions are largely unknown. Preliminary evidence has suggested that flow arrest in the vertebral artery contralateral to the catheter bearing vertebral artery may facilitate recanalization. The aim of this analysis was to assess the impact of anatomic variations and flow conditions on recanalization success in basilar artery occlusion treated with mechanical thrombectomy.
Methods—
Consecutive basilar artery occlusions treated with second-generation thrombectomy devices at a single-center were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline patients’ characteristics, occlusion length, collateral circulation, underlying stenosis, incomplete occlusions, and patency of the vertebral arteries were analyzed with regards to recanalization success. Aplastic or hypoplastic vertebral artery contralateral to the catheter position was defined as contralateral low flow condition. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between anatomic variations and flow conditions in relation to complete recanalization and the modified Rankin Scale score while controlling for several potentially confounding variables. Clinical impact was evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale score of ≤3.
Results—
One hundred fifteen patients were included (mean age 71.5±12.8, m:f=2:1, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale =15, interquartile range =10–22). Complete recanalization was more often observed in patients with contralateral low flow conditions (80.6% versus 50.0%), which remained an independent predictor of complete recanalization in multivariable analysis (adjusted odds ratio, 5.81; 95% CI, 1.97–17.19). Patients with complete posterior recanalization had lower in-hospital mortality (16.4% versus 41.7%) and more often achieved modified Rankin Scale score of ≤3 (49.4% versus 8.3%), even after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted odds ratio, 15.93; 95% CI, 1.42–179.00).
Conclusions—
Contralateral low flow condition (vertebral artery aplasia or hypoplasia) seems to be an independent factor for fewer distal emboli and complete recanalization in basilar artery occlusion patients treated by modern endovascular devices. Complete recanalization reflecting the absence of peri-interventional clot fragmentation brings clear clinical benefit. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the need for contralateral flow modulation or ipsilateral balloon guide catheter during posterior circulation thrombectomy in patients with bilaterally patent vertebral arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Boeckh-Behrens
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - David Pree
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Lummel
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Friedrich
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Maegerlein
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Kornelia Kreiser
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Kirschke
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Berndt
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Lehm
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | | | - Pascal J. Mosimann
- Department of Neurology (P.J.M., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (P.J.M., J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Fischer
- Department of Neurology (U.F., J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claus Zimmer
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (T.B.-B., D.P., N.L., B.F., C.M., K.K., J.K., M.B., M.L., C.Z., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology (P.J.M., J.K.), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (P.J.M., J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology (U.F., J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Kang DH, Hwang YH. Frontline Contact Aspiration Treatment for Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion: A Review Focused on Practical Techniques. J Stroke 2019; 21:10-22. [PMID: 30732439 PMCID: PMC6372892 DOI: 10.5853/jos.2018.03076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) as the standard care for acute stroke due to large vessel occlusion has recently been validated through several randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Contact aspiration (CA) and stent retriever (SR) are the two major EVT methods currently used. Because the RCTs have mostly evaluated SR devices, there was a demand to test CA in relation to SR as a frontline EVT treatment method. Recently, the Contact Aspiration vs Stent Retriever for Successful Recanalization (ASTER) study, the first RCT to compare CA and SR, demonstrated similar efficacy between them as a frontline EVT for patients with large vessel occlusions. This facilitates further investigation to confirm better frontline EVT for patients with acute stroke. In this review, we discuss past and recent developments in CA techniques, focusing on related literature. Additionally, we describe practical skills to overcome technical difficulties that can be encountered during the CA procedure. Finally, we review the evolution of device technologies, including a newer version of using a large-bore aspiration catheter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hun Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yang-Ha Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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43
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Andersson T, Wiesmann M, Nikoubashman O, Gopinathan A, Bhogal P, Yeo LLL. The Aspirations of Direct Aspiration for Thrombectomy in Ischemic Stroke: A Critical Analysis. J Stroke 2019; 21:2-9. [PMID: 30732438 PMCID: PMC6372897 DOI: 10.5853/jos.2018.02026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of acute ischemic stroke by mechanical thrombectomy has been revolutionary, however most of the clinical trials were done with the use a stent retriever. At the same time, an alternative technique of thrombectomy through direct aspiration with a large bore distal access catheter at the face of the clot is rapidly gaining popularity. Nonetheless, the data supporting this new technique is not yet as mature as that available on stent retrievers. This review is a critical analysis of the evidence supporting the principle of direct aspiration thrombectomy and a discussion of its potential strengths and weaknesses in comparison to the available studies on stent retrievers. While this is by no means a conclusive review, it should serve as a yardstick of where the science is currently, and what are the next trials that are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Andersson
- Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department Medical Imaging, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Martin Wiesmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Aachen RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Omid Nikoubashman
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Aachen RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anil Gopinathan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Pervinder Bhogal
- Department of Neuroradiology, St. Bartholomew's and the Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Leonard L L Yeo
- Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
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44
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Kallmes DF, Sadasivan C, Fiorella D. The truth and fiction in aspiration physics: may the forces be with you. J Neurointerv Surg 2018; 10:1029-1030. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2018-014446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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45
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De Marini P, Nayak S, Zhu F, Bracard S, Anxionnat R, Tonnelet R, Liao L, Richard S, Humbertjean L, Mione G, Lacour JC, Derelle AL, Gory B. A direct aspiration first pass technique with the new ARC catheter for thrombectomy of large vessel occlusion strokes: A multicenter study. Interv Neuroradiol 2018; 25:187-193. [PMID: 30290720 DOI: 10.1177/1591019918803962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A direct aspiration first pass technique involves first-line aspiration to remove the thrombus through a large-bore aspiration catheter in large vessel strokes. The aim of this study was to assess safety and clinical outcomes with a direct aspiration first pass technique using the new ARC catheter. METHODS A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from three university hospitals was performed between June 2016 and May 2018. The following parameters of all acute ischemic stroke interventions using the ARC catheter were analyzed: use of intravenous thrombolysis, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at presentation and discharge, successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b-3), procedure duration, procedure-related complications and 90-day clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale score). RESULTS In total, 41 patients were included in the study and anterior circulation occlusion was noted in 35 (85%). The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at admission was 18 and prior intravenous thrombolysis was administered in 35 patients (85%). Only six (15%) patients required the use of a rescue stent retriever. Successful reperfusion was achieved in 40 patients (98%) with a median procedure time of 32 minutes. No catheter-related complications were observed. Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in one patient (2%). Median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at discharge was 3; 49% were independent and 10% died at 90 days. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, the ARC catheter allowed a 98% successful reperfusion rate. The complication rate was in line with those of previous a direct aspiration first pass technique publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre De Marini
- 1 Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Sanjeev Nayak
- 2 Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - François Zhu
- 1 Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Serge Bracard
- 1 Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France.,3 University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - René Anxionnat
- 1 Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France.,3 University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Romain Tonnelet
- 1 Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Liang Liao
- 1 Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Richard
- 4 Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France.,5 Centre d'Investigation Clinique Plurithématique CIC-P 1433, INSERM U1116, Nancy, France
| | - Lisa Humbertjean
- 4 Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Gioia Mione
- 4 Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Anne-Laure Derelle
- 1 Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Benjamin Gory
- 1 Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France.,3 University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,6 Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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46
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Long TD, Kallmes DF, Hanel R, Shigematsu T, Halaszyn AM, Wolter J, Berenstein A. Novel aspiration catheter design for acute stroke thrombectomy. J Neurointerv Surg 2018; 11:190-195. [PMID: 30061368 PMCID: PMC6582808 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2017-013702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background Navigable, large diameter aspiration catheters demonstrate markedly improved recanalization rates over smaller lumen devices in suction embolectomy. We evaluated the performance of a novel aspiration catheter system designed to maximize lumen size, and compare it to other commercially available aspiration catheters. Methods The 6F R4Q aspiration catheter system comprises a proximal pusher wire of 117 cm length connected to a distal catheter of 25 cm length. When placed through standard guide catheters and into the cerebral circulation, the proximal catheter makes a tight seal between its outer surface and the guide catheter’s inner surface. During aspiration, in vitro flow rates and tip suction force under gentle retraction were compared among 10 commercially available aspiration catheters and the R4Q system. Results The R4Q 6F, 5F, 4F, and 3F catheters achieved flow rates at least 21.9%, 24.7%, 61.9%, and 244.7% greater than the other catheters tested respectively and the R4Q 6F produced a 140.2% higher tip force than a catheter of similar size. Fluid flow rate in the R4Q 6F increased on retraction into the guide catheter, delivering a 58.2% increase from fully extended to fully retracted. Conclusion The R4Q design demonstrates a substantial increase in aspirated flow rate and suction force due to an increased effective diameter than standard tubular catheter designs tested. The prominent increase in the aspiration parameters measured in vitro supports the potential for improved clinical results during stroke thrombectomy procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy D Long
- North Memorial Medical Center, Robbinsdale, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Julia Wolter
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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47
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Nikoubashman O, Wischer D, Hennemann HM, Büsen M, Brockmann C, Wiesmann M. Under Pressure: Comparison of Aspiration Techniques for Endovascular Mechanical Thrombectomy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:905-909. [PMID: 29650784 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Blood flow should be interrupted during mechanical thrombectomy to prevent embolization of clot fragments. The purpose of our study was to provide a handy overview of the most common aspiration devices and to quantify their flow characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed volumetric flow rates generated by a 60-mL VacLok vacuum pressure syringe, a Pump MAX aspiration pump, and a Dominant Flex suction pump connected to the following: 1) an 8F long sheath, 2) an 8F balloon-guide catheter, 3) an ACE 64 distal aspiration catheter, and 4) an AXS Catalyst 6 Distal Access Catheter. We used a water/glycerol solution, which was kept at a constant temperature of 20°C (viscosity, 3.7 mPa · s). RESULTS Aspiration with the syringe and the Dominant Flex suction pump achieved the highest flows, whereas aspiration with the Pump MAX was significantly lower (P < .001). Resistors in the aspiration system (tubing, connectors, and so forth) restricted flows, especially when the resistance of the catheter was small (due to its large diameter) and the connected resistors became the predominant resistance (P < .001). The syringe achieved an average vacuum pressure of -90 kPa, and the resulting flow was constant during almost the entire procedure of filling the syringe. CONCLUSIONS Sixty-milliliter VacLok vacuum pressure syringes and the Dominant Flex suction pump achieved high and constant flows likely sufficient to reverse blood flow during thrombectomy with an 8F sheath or balloon-guide catheter in the ICA and modern distal aspiration catheters in the MCA. The Pump MAX aspiration pump is dedicated for use with distal aspiration catheters and is unlikely to reverse blood flow in the ICA and MCA without balloon protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Nikoubashman
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (O.N., D.W., H.M.H., M.W.), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - D Wischer
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (O.N., D.W., H.M.H., M.W.), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - H M Hennemann
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (O.N., D.W., H.M.H., M.W.), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Büsen
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (M.B.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - C Brockmann
- Department of Neuroradiology (C.B.), University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Wiesmann
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (O.N., D.W., H.M.H., M.W.), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
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