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Piquet-Pessôa M, de Oliveira J, Ribeiro AP, Albertella L, Ferreira GM, de Menezes GB, Fontenelle LF. Habit-, reward- and fear-related motivations in alcohol use disorder: A one-year prospective study. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:263-268. [PMID: 37891039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cross-sectional studies show that habitual use of alcohol is associated with severity of alcohol dependence reflected across a range of domains and lower number of detoxifications in multiple settings. In this study, we investigated whether alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients with greater habitual use of alcohol at baseline showed worse outcomes after one year of follow-up. METHODS A sample of inpatients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) alcohol use disorder (AUD) was assessed at baseline (n = 50) and after one year (n = 30). The Habit, Reward, and Fear Scale (HRFS) was employed to quantify affective (fear or reward) and non-affective (habitual) drives for alcohol use, the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS) was used to assess clinical outcomes, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to quantify and control for associated affective symptoms. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in the three HRFS scores at the follow-up. Regression analyses demonstrated that greater habit- and fear-related drives at baseline predicted greater decreases in the ADS scores at the endpoint. However, after controlling for age, sex and affective symptoms, only reward and fear were associated with reductions in ADS scores at the end of one year. Prescriptions of naltrexone and antidepressants/benzodiazepines did not predict decreases in reward and fear-related motivations. CONCLUSION Although we were unable to confirm that habitual subscores at baseline predict worse long-term outcomes among inpatients with AUD, we found that a greater fear and reward motives for the use of alcohol predicted a greater magnitude of improvement in the AUD symptoms after one year. We hope that these findings will help develop new approaches toward AUD treatment and inform models of addiction research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Piquet-Pessôa
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil; Espaço Village Rehabilitation Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Ribeiro
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | - Lucy Albertella
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Mental Health, Monash University, Australia
| | - Gabriela M Ferreira
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Psychiatry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gabriela B de Menezes
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F Fontenelle
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Reis JAS, Rossi GN, L Osório F, Bouso JC, Hallak JEC, Dos Santos RG. Interventions for deficits in recognition of emotions in facial expressions in major depressive disorder: An updated systematic review of clinical trials. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105367. [PMID: 37619644 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE) is a core construct of social cognition. In the last decades, studies have showed that REFE is altered in major depressive disorder (MDD), but the evidence is conflicting. Thus, we conducted a systematic review of clinical trials involving therapeutic interventions in MDD and any evaluation of REFE to update (2018-2023) and systematically evaluate the evidence derived from controlled clinical trials on the effects of therapeutic strategies to MDD on the REFE. Eleven studies were included in the final review. Some interventions, including drugs (ketamine, bupropion, psylocibin) and non-pharmacological strategies (psychotherapy) seem to be able to reduce pre-existing REFE biases in MDD patients. However, there was a high heterogeneity in the evaluated studies, in terms of sample, interventions, tasks and results. Further studies and more consistent evaluation tools are highly needed to better understand nuanced deficits and specific actions of different treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Augusto Silva Reis
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Giordano Novak Rossi
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávia L Osório
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), CNPq, Brazil.
| | - José Carlos Bouso
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University São Paulo, SP, Brazil; International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research, and Service (ICEERS), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Psychology and Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Jaime Eduardo Cecílio Hallak
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), CNPq, Brazil; International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research, and Service (ICEERS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rafael Guimarães Dos Santos
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), CNPq, Brazil; International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research, and Service (ICEERS), Barcelona, Spain.
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Sen ZD, Chand T, Danyeli LV, Kumar VJ, Colic L, Li M, Yemisken M, Javaheripour N, Refisch A, Opel N, Macharadze T, Kretzschmar M, Ozkan E, Deliano M, Walter M. The effect of ketamine on affective modulation of the startle reflex and its resting-state brain correlates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13323. [PMID: 37587171 PMCID: PMC10432502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is a rapid-acting antidepressant that also influences neural reactivity to affective stimuli. However, the effect of ketamine on behavioral affective reactivity is yet to be elucidated. The affect-modulated startle reflex paradigm (AMSR) allows examining the valence-specific aspects of behavioral affective reactivity. We hypothesized that ketamine alters the modulation of the startle reflex during processing of unpleasant and pleasant stimuli and weakens the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within the modulatory pathway, namely between the centromedial nucleus of the amygdala and nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, thirty-two healthy male participants underwent ultra-high field resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging at 7 T before and 24 h after placebo and S-ketamine infusions. Participants completed the AMSR task at baseline and one day after each infusion. In contrast to our hypothesis, ketamine infusion did not impact startle potentiation during processing of unpleasant stimuli but resulted in diminished startle attenuation during processing of pleasant stimuli. This diminishment significantly correlated with end-of-infusion plasma levels of ketamine and norketamine. Furthermore, ketamine induced a decrease in rsFC within the modulatory startle reflex pathway. The results of this first study on the effect of ketamine on the AMSR suggest that ketamine might attenuate the motivational significance of pleasant stimuli in healthy participants one day after infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zümrüt Duygu Sen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg Site, Jena, Germany
| | - Tara Chand
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Steiger 3-1, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jindal Institute of Behavioural Sciences, O. P. Jindal Global University (Sonipat), Haryana, India
| | - Lena Vera Danyeli
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Lejla Colic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg Site, Jena, Germany
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg Site, Jena, Germany
| | - Merve Yemisken
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nooshin Javaheripour
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Refisch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg Site, Jena, Germany
| | - Tamar Macharadze
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department Systems Physiology of Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Kretzschmar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Esra Ozkan
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Matthias Deliano
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Combinatorial NeuroImaging Core Facility, Brenneckestraße 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, Germany.
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg Site, Jena, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Rossi GN, Rocha JM, Osório FL, Bouso JC, Ona G, Silveira GDO, Yonamine M, Bertozi G, Crevelin EJ, Queiroz ME, Crippa JAS, Hallak JEC, Dos Santos RG. Interactive Effects of Ayahuasca and Cannabidiol in Social Cognition in Healthy Volunteers: A Pilot, Proof-of-Concept, Feasibility, Randomized-Controlled Trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2023; Publish Ahead of Print:00004714-990000000-00152. [PMID: 37335211 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000001691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonergic hallucinogens and cannabinoids may alter the recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE). Cannabidiol (CBD) attenuates the psychoactive effects of the cannabinoid-1 agonist tetrahydrocannabinol. Ayahuasca is a dimethyltryptamine-containing hallucinogenic decoction. It is unknown if CBD may moderate and attenuate the effects of ayahuasca on REFE. PROCEDURES Seventeen healthy volunteers participated in a 1-week preliminary parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial for 18 months. Volunteers received a placebo or 600 mg of oral CBD followed by oral ayahuasca (1 mL/kg) 90 minutes later. Primary outcomes included REFE and empathy tasks (coprimary outcome). Tasks were performed at baseline and 6.5 hours, 1 and 7 days after the interventions. Secondary outcome measures included subjective effects, tolerability, and biochemical assessments. RESULTS Significant reductions (all P values <0.05) only in reaction times were observed in the 2 tasks in both groups, without between-group differences. Furthermore, significant reductions in anxiety, sedation, cognitive deterioration, and discomfort were observed in both groups, without between-group differences. Ayahuasca, with or without CBD, was well tolerated, producing mainly nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort. No clinically significant effects were observed on cardiovascular measurements and liver enzymes. CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence of interactive effects between ayahuasca and CBD. The safety of separate and concomitant drug intake suggests that both drugs could be applied to clinical populations with anxiety disorders and in further trials with larger samples to confirm findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Novak Rossi
- From the Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo
| | - Juliana Mendes Rocha
- From the Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo
| | | | | | | | | | - Mauricio Yonamine
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo
| | | | | | | | - José Alexandre S Crippa
- From the Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo
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Johnson KVA, Steenbergen L. Gut feelings: vagal stimulation reduces emotional biases. Neuroscience 2022; 494:119-131. [PMID: 35550161 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The vagus nerve is a key physical constituent of the gut-brain axis. Increasing attention has recently been paid to the role that the gut, and the microorganisms inhabiting it, play in emotion and cognition. Animal studies have revealed the importance of the vagus nerve in mediating communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system, resulting in changes in emotional behaviour. This has renewed interest in understanding the role of vagal signalling in human emotion, particularly since human studies have also shown that alterations in gut microbiome composition can affect emotion. While stimulating the vagus nerve can help treat some cases of severe depression, here we investigate whether vagal afferent signalling can influence emotional processing in healthy subjects. We use the dot-probe task to determine the effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on attentional biases towards emotional stimuli in 42 volunteers. Participants received both active and sham treatments using a within-subject design. We show that transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation reduces the emotional bias towards faces expressing sadness and happiness, indicating a decrease in emotional reactivity. While our novel findings reveal the effect that vagal signalling can have on emotional biases in healthy subjects, future studies should seek to develop our understanding of the ways in which the microbiome interacts with, and stimulates, the vagus nerve. Since we find a reduction in emotional bias, most notably towards sadness, this may partly account for the effective use of vagus nerve stimulation in treatment-resistant depression. While its clinical application currently involves surgical stimulation, our results support the potential benefit of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation as a non-invasive, intermittent adjunctive therapy for patients with depression given its frequent association with emotional biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina V A Johnson
- Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Clinical Psychology Unit, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Steenbergen
- Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Clinical Psychology Unit, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
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Artin H, Zisook S, Ramanathan D. How do serotonergic psychedelics treat depression: The potential role of neuroplasticity. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:201-214. [PMID: 34168967 PMCID: PMC8209538 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i6.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common mental disorder and one of the leading causes of disability around the world. Monoaminergic antidepressants often take weeks to months to work and are not effective for all patients. This has led to a search for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of depression as well as to the development of novel antidepressants. One such novel antidepressant is ketamine, which has demonstrated both clinically promising results and contributed to new explanatory models of depression, including the potential role of neuroplasticity in depression. Early clinical trials are now showing promising results of serotonergic psychedelics for depression; however, their mechanism of action remains poorly understood. This paper seeks to review the effect of depression, classic antidepressants, ketamine, and serotonergic psychedelics on markers of neuroplasticity at a cellular, molecular, electrophysiological, functional, structural, and psychological level to explore the potential role that neuroplasticity plays in the treatment response of serotonergic psychedelics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewa Artin
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Sidney Zisook
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, United States
| | - Dhakshin Ramanathan
- Department of Psychiatry, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, United States
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Effects of Ayahuasca on the Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotions in Naive Healthy Volunteers: A Pilot, Proof-of-Concept, Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2021; 41:267-274. [PMID: 33843820 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000001396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE) is a core aspect of social cognition. Previous studies with the serotonergic hallucinogens lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin showed that these drugs reduced the recognition of negative (fear) faces in healthy volunteers. This trial assessed the acute and prolonged effects of a single dose of ayahuasca on the REFE. METHODS Twenty-two healthy volunteers participated in a pilot, proof-of-concept, randomized trial. Study variables included a REFE task performed before and 4 hours after drug intake, subjective effects (self-reports/observer impressions), tolerability measures (cardiovascular measures, self-reports), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor plasma levels. The REFE task was applied again 1, 7, 14, and 21 days and 3 months after drug intake. Stability of ayahuasca alkaloids during the study was also assessed (room temperature, 18 months). FINDINGS Compared with placebo, ayahuasca did not modify the REFE. No significant effects were observed on cardiovascular measures and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. Volunteers reported visual effects, tranquility/relaxation, and well-being, with few reports of transient anxiety/confusion. Ayahuasca was well tolerated, producing mainly nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, and vomiting. A significant time-dependent deterioration of alkaloids was observed, especially for dimethyltryptamine. CONCLUSIONS Absence of significant effects on the REFE task could be due to lack of effects of ayahuasca (at the doses used), alkaloid degradation, learning effects, and the high educational level of the sample. Further trials with different samples are needed to better understand the effects of ayahuasca and other serotonergic hallucinogens on the REFE. Future trials should improve methods to guarantee the stability of ayahuasca alkaloids.
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Psychedelic Medicines in Major Depression: Progress and Future Challenges. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1305:515-533. [PMID: 33834416 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The volume of research on the therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs has been increasing during the last decades. Partly because of the need of innovative treatments in psychiatry, several studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of drugs like psilocybin or ayahuasca for a wide range of mental disorders, including major depression. The first section of this chapter will offer an introduction to psychedelic research, including a brief historical overview and discussions about appropriate terminology. In the second section, the recently published clinical trials in which psychedelic drugs were administered to patients will be analysed in detail. Then, in the third section, the main neurobiological mechanisms of these drugs will be described, noting that while some of these mechanisms could be potentially associated with their therapeutic properties, they are commonly used as adjuvants in psychotherapeutic processes. The last section suggests future challenges for this groundbreaking field of research and therapy.
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Godlewska BR, Harmer CJ. Cognitive neuropsychological theory of antidepressant action: a modern-day approach to depression and its treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1265-1278. [PMID: 31938879 PMCID: PMC8062380 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and improving its treatment is a core research priority for future programmes. A change in the view of psychological and biological processes, from seeing them as separate to complementing one another, has introduced new perspectives on pathological mechanisms of depression and treatment mode of action. This review presents a theoretical model that incorporated this novel approach, the cognitive neuropsychological hypothesis of antidepressant action. This model proposes that antidepressant treatments decrease the negative bias in the processing of emotionally salient information early in the course of antidepressant treatment, which leads to the clinically significant mood improvement later in treatment. The paper discusses the role of negative affective biases in the development of depression and response to antidepressant treatments. It also discusses whether the model can be applied to other antidepressant interventions and its potential translational value, including treatment choice, prediction of response and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata R Godlewska
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychopharmacology Research Unit, University Department of Psychiatry (PPRU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychopharmacology and Emotion Research Laboratory (PERL), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Health Foundation Trust, University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK.
| | - Catherine J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychopharmacology and Emotion Research Laboratory (PERL), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health Foundation Trust, University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
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Chen R, Cui Z, Capitão L, Wang G, Satterthwaite TD, Harmer C. Precision biomarkers for mood disorders based on brain imaging. BMJ 2020; 371:m3618. [PMID: 33036998 PMCID: PMC8009089 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m3618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Identification of biomarkers could facilitate earlier diagnosis and better treatment, say Runsen Chen and colleagues
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Affiliation(s)
- Runsen Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, and Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zaixu Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liliana Capitão
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Gang Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, and Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Catherine Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Rossi GN, Osório FL, Morgan CJA, Crippa JAS, Bouso JC, Rocha JM, Zuardi AW, Hallak JEC, Santos RGD. The effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) and Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the recognition of emotions in facial expressions: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:236-246. [PMID: 32745478 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are phytocannabinoids being linked with modulation of anxiety and depression. The recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE) is impaired in these disorders. Both drugs could modulate anxiety and mood by interfering with REFE. Thus, a systematic review of controlled trials assessing the effects of THC and CBD on REFE was performed. Ten studies describing seven distinct experiments were found (n = 170). THC (7.5-15 mg) did not alter REFE in three experiments, but reduced task performance in other three experiments. CBD did not alter REFE in two experiments, but improved task performance and counteracted the effects of THC in one experiment. THC (≥ 10 mg) and CBD (600 mg) showed opposite effects on brain activation, skin conductance, and anxiety measures with negative/threatening faces. The limited number of studies precludes firm conclusions on the effects of these substances on REFE. Further controlled trials are needed to elucidate the effects of THC and CBD on REFE. The PROSPERO ID for this study is CRD42019135085.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Novak Rossi
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávia L Osório
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), CNPq, Brazil.
| | - Celia J A Morgan
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, London, UK; Psychopharmacology and Addiction Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - José Alexandre S Crippa
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), CNPq, Brazil.
| | - José Carlos Bouso
- ICEERS Foundation (International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research and Services), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juliana Mendes Rocha
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Antônio W Zuardi
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), CNPq, Brazil.
| | - Jaime E C Hallak
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), CNPq, Brazil.
| | - Rafael G Dos Santos
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), CNPq, Brazil; ICEERS Foundation (International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research and Services), Barcelona, Spain.
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Genetic modulation of facial emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 99:109816. [PMID: 31738966 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Facial emotion recognition (FER) has been described to be impaired in borderline personality disorder (BPD), especially for neutral faces. Genetic modulation of FER has been studied in healthy individuals and some psychiatric conditions, but no genetic association studies have been conducted in BPD hitherto. The main objective of our study was to explore the influence of the serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region (5HTTLPR) and catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met on facial emotion processing among BPD patients. To that end, seventy-six BPD outpatients were asked to complete a computer-based facial affect recognition task, representing four emotions (neutral, happy, fearful or angry). Accuracy of FER and perceptual biases were calculated. The 5HTTLPR and COMT Val158Met polymorphisms were genotyped using saliva samples. Individuals with the high-activity serotonin-transporter genotype and those with the low-activity COMT genotype had significantly more difficulties identifying neutral faces; the former showed stronger bias to perceive neutral faces as happy, and the latter, neutral faces as fearful. Interestingly, the perceptual biases observed in our patients are similar to previous reports in healthy individuals. The authors propose that the ability to accurately recognize neutral faces might be a possible endophenotype of BPD. Sex-genotype interactions were also observed in relation to angry faces and 5HTTLPR, and neutral faces and COMT Val158Met polymorphisms, in line with sex-related differences previously described for both polymorphisms in relation to FER and other cognitive and behavioral outcomes. The impact of inaccurate FER on psychosocial functioning and potential interventions are also discussed.
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Grillon C, Robinson OJ, Cornwell B, Ernst M. Modeling anxiety in healthy humans: a key intermediate bridge between basic and clinical sciences. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:1999-2010. [PMID: 31226707 PMCID: PMC6897969 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of anxiety disorders are important for elucidating neurobiological defense mechanisms. However, animal models are limited when it comes to understanding the more complex processes of anxiety that are unique to humans (e.g., worry) and to screen new treatments. In this review, we outline how the Experimental Psychopathology approach, based on experimental models of anxiety in healthy subjects, can mitigate these limitations and complement research in animals. Experimental psychopathology can bridge basic research in animals and clinical studies, as well as guide and constrain hypotheses about the nature of psychopathology, treatment mechanisms, and treatment targets. This review begins with a brief review of the strengths and limitations of animal models before discussing the need for human models of anxiety, which are especially necessary to probe higher-order cognitive processes. This can be accomplished by combining anxiety-induction procedures with tasks that probe clinically relevant processes to identify neurocircuits that are potentially altered by anxiety. The review then discusses the validity of experimental psychopathology and introduces a methodological approach consisting of five steps: (1) select anxiety-relevant cognitive or behavioral operations and associated tasks, (2) identify the underlying neurocircuits supporting these operations in healthy controls, 3) examine the impact of experimental anxiety on the targeted operations in healthy controls, (4) utilize findings from step 3 to generate hypotheses about neurocircuit dysfunction in anxious patients, and 5) evaluate treatment mechanisms and screen novel treatments. This is followed by two concrete illustrations of this approach and suggestions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Grillon
- Section on the Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Oliver J Robinson
- University College London, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Brian Cornwell
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Monique Ernst
- Section on the Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Edes AE, McKie S, Szabo E, Kokonyei G, Pap D, Zsombok T, Hullam G, Gonda X, Kozak LR, McFarquhar M, Anderson IM, Deakin JFW, Bagdy G, Juhasz G. Spatiotemporal brain activation pattern following acute citalopram challenge is dose dependent and associated with neuroticism: A human phMRI study. Neuropharmacology 2019; 170:107807. [PMID: 31593709 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The initial effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the human living brain are poorly understood. We carried out a 3T resting state fMRI study with pharmacological challenge to determine the brain activation changes over time following different dosages of citalopram. METHODS During the study, 7.5 mg i.v. citalopram was administered to 32 healthy subjects. In addition, 11.25 mg citalopram was administered to a subset of 9 subjects to investigate the dose-response. Associations with neuroticism (assessed by the NEO PI-R) of the emerging brain activation to citalopram was also investigated. RESULTS Citalopram challenge evoked significant activation in brain regions that are part of the default mode network, the visual network and the sensorimotor network, extending to the thalamus, and midbrain. Most effects appeared to be dose-dependent and this was statistically significant in the middle cingulate gyrus. Individual citalopram-induced brain responses were positively correlated with neuroticism scores and its subscales in specific brain areas; anxiety subscale scores in thalamus and midbrain and self-consciousness scores in middle cingulate gyrus. There were no sex differences. LIMITATIONS We investigated only healthy subjects and we used a relatively low sample size in the 11.25 mg citalopram analysis. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that SSRIs acutely induce an increased arousal-like state of distributed cortical and subcortical systems that is mediated by enhanced serotonin neurotransmission according to levels of neuroticism and underpins trait sensitivity to environmental stimuli and stressors. Studies in depression are needed to determine how therapeutic effects eventually emerge. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'Serotonin Research: Crossing Scales and Boundaries'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Edit Edes
- SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shane McKie
- Faculty of Biological, Medical and Human Sciences Platform Sciences, Enabling Technologies & Infrastructure, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Human Sciences Research and Innovation, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Edina Szabo
- SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eotvos Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eotvos Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyongyi Kokonyei
- SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eotvos Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Pap
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Terezia Zsombok
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Hullam
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Xenia Gonda
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos R Kozak
- MR Research Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martyn McFarquhar
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Anderson
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - J F William Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gyorgy Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Juhasz
- SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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Rocha JM, Osório FL, Crippa JAS, Bouso JC, Rossi GN, Hallak JEC, Dos Santos RG. Serotonergic hallucinogens and recognition of facial emotion expressions: a systematic review of the literature. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2019; 9:2045125319845774. [PMID: 31065350 PMCID: PMC6487767 DOI: 10.1177/2045125319845774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE) is a key aspect of social cognition. Anxiety and mood disorders are associated with deficits in REFE, and anxiolytics and antidepressants reverse these deficits. Recent studies have shown that serotonergic hallucinogens (i.e. ayahuasca, dimethyltryptamine, psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], and mescaline) have anxiolytic and antidepressant properties, but their effects on REFE are not well understood. The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic review analyzing the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens on REFE in humans. METHODS Studies published in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases until 19 October 2018 which analyzed the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens on REFE in humans were included. RESULTS Of the 62 studies identified, 8 studies were included. Included studies involved the administration of a single or a few doses of LSD or psilocybin, and most trials were randomized and controlled with placebo. LSD and psilocybin reduced the recognition of negative emotions in most studies and modulated amygdala activity to these stimuli, which was correlated with antidepressive effects in patients. Both drugs were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Serotonergic hallucinogens reduced the recognition of negative emotions by modulating amygdala activity. Despite the small sample sizes, results suggest that serotonergic hallucinogens show promising beneficial effects on deficits in REFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M Rocha
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia L Osório
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, and National Institute of Science and Technology - Translational Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre S Crippa
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, and National Institute of Science and Technology - Translational Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Bouso
- ICEERS Foundation, International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research and Services, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giordano N Rossi
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaime E C Hallak
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, and National Institute of Science and Technology - Translational Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael G Dos Santos
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Terceiro Andar, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Vidal-Ribas P, Brotman MA, Salum GA, Kaiser A, Meffert L, Pine DS, Leibenluft E, Stringaris A. Deficits in emotion recognition are associated with depressive symptoms in youth with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. Depress Anxiety 2018; 35:1207-1217. [PMID: 30004611 PMCID: PMC9719110 DOI: 10.1002/da.22810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although severe irritability is a predictor of future depression according to recent meta-analytic evidence, other mechanisms for this developmental transition remain unclear. In this study, we test whether deficits in emotion recognition may partially explain this specific association in youth with severe irritability, defined as disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). METHODS Participants aged 8-20 years (M = 13.3, SD = 2.8) included youth with DMDD, split by low depressive (DMDD/LD; n = 52) and high depressive (DMDD/HD; n = 25) symptoms, and healthy controls (HC; n = 39). A standardized computer task assessed emotion recognition of faces and voices of adults and children expressing happiness, fear, sadness, and anger. A Group (3) × Emotion (4) × Actor (2) × Modality (2) repeated measures analysis of covariance examined the number of errors and misidentification of emotions. Linear regression was then used to assess whether deficits in emotion recognition were predictive of depressive symptoms at a 1 year follow-up. RESULTS DMDD/HD youth were more likely to interpret happy stimuli as angry and fearful compared to DMDD/LD (happy as angry: p = 0.018; happy as fearful: p = 0.008) and HC (happy as angry: p = 0.014; happy as fearful: p = 0.024). In youth with DMDD, the misidentification of happy stimuli as fearful was associated with higher depressive symptoms at follow-up (β = 0.43, p = 0.017), independent of baseline depressive and irritability symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Deficits in emotion recognition are associated, cross-sectionally and longitudinally, with depressive symptoms in youth with severe irritability. Future studies should examine the neural correlates that contribute to these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Vidal-Ribas
- Department of Health and Human Services, Mood Brain and Development Unit, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Melissa A. Brotman
- Department of Health and Human Services, Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Giovanni A. Salum
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ariela Kaiser
- Department of Health and Human Services, Mood Brain and Development Unit, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Liana Meffert
- Department of Health and Human Services, Mood Brain and Development Unit, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- Department of Health and Human Services, Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- Department of Health and Human Services, Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Argyris Stringaris
- Department of Health and Human Services, Mood Brain and Development Unit, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Novick AM, Ross DA. Changing the Way We Think About (and With) Antidepressants. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:e27-e28. [PMID: 30071948 PMCID: PMC6193553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Novick
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Please address correspondence to: Andrew M Novick, MD PhD, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Blvd, Providence, RI 02906
| | - David A. Ross
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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18
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Vinckier F, Morélot-Panzini C, Similowski T. Dyspnoea modifies the recognition of fearful expressions by healthy humans. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/2/1702253. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02253-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Golub MS, Hogrefe CE, Sherwood RJ, Turck CW. Fluoxetine Administration in Juvenile Monkeys: Implications for Pharmacotherapy in Children. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:21. [PMID: 29473029 PMCID: PMC5809484 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoxetine therapy has been approved for children with major depressive disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder for over 14 years and has expanded to other childhood behavior disorders. As use increases, more detail on fluoxetine effects during juvenile brain development can help maintain safe and effective use of this therapy. Here, a narrative review is provided of previously published findings from a large nonhuman primate project. Fluoxetine was administered to juvenile male rhesus monkeys for an extended period (2 years) prior to puberty. Compared to controls, treated monkeys showed sleep disruption, facilitated social interaction, greater impulsivity, and impaired sustained attention during treatment. No effects on growth were seen. Metabolomics assays characterized a distinctive response to fluoxetine and demonstrated individual differences that were related to the impulsivity measure. Fluoxetine interactions with monoamine oxidase A polymorphisms that influenced behavior and metabolomics markers were an important, previously unrecognized finding of our studies. After treatment was discontinued, some behavioral effects persisted, but short-term memory and cognitive flexibility testing did not show drug effects. This detailed experimental work can contribute to clinical research and continued safe and effective fluoxetine pharmacotherapy in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari S Golub
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Casey E Hogrefe
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Hinchcliffe JK, Stuart SA, Mendl M, Robinson ESJ. Further validation of the affective bias test for predicting antidepressant and pro-depressant risk: effects of pharmacological and social manipulations in male and female rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:3105-3116. [PMID: 28735366 PMCID: PMC5597685 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Affective biases are hypothesised to contribute to the cause and treatment of mood disorders. We have previously found that affective biases, associated with learning and memory, are observed following acute treatments with a range of antidepressant and pro-depressant manipulations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test if similar biases are observed in male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. We also test whether the stress hormone, corticosterone, induces a negative bias in the affective bias test (ABT) consistent with its putative role in the development of depression. We then use a meta-analysis to compare our findings with data published for the Lister Hooded rats. METHODS The ABT uses a within-subject study design where animals learn to associate distinct digging substrates, encountered on different days, with the same value food reward. Exposure to one substrate is paired with a treatment manipulation (drug or environmental) and the other with a control condition. A preference test is used to test if the treatment has induced a positive or negative bias. RESULTS Consistent with previous data, both male and female SD rats exhibit similar positive affective biases following treatment with the antidepressant, venlafaxine, and social play and negative affective biases following FG 7142 (benzodiazepine inverse agonist) and social stress. Acute treatment with corticosterone induced a negative bias. CONCLUSIONS These data add to the translational validity of the ABT and suggest that corticosterone can induce a negative affective bias following acute treatment, an effect which may contribute to its long-term effects on mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna K. Hinchcliffe
- 0000 0004 1936 7603grid.5337.2School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD UK
| | - Sarah A. Stuart
- 0000 0004 1936 7603grid.5337.2School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD UK
| | - Michael Mendl
- 0000 0004 1936 7603grid.5337.2School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU UK
| | - Emma S. J. Robinson
- 0000 0004 1936 7603grid.5337.2School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD UK
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Golub MS, Hogrefe CE, Bulleri AM. Regulation of emotional response in juvenile monkeys treated with fluoxetine: MAOA interactions. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:1920-1929. [PMID: 27852517 PMCID: PMC5154301 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile male rhesus macaques received therapeutic doses of fluoxetine daily from one to three years of age and were compared to vehicle-treated controls (N=16/group). Genotyping for monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) polymorphisms was used to form subgroups (N=8) with high and low expression of the gene. Behavioral responses were scored during 30-second exposures to pictures differing in affective content. As expected from its therapeutic effect, fluoxetine decreased the behavioral response to emotionally evocative pictures. A 44% reduction in number of expressive behaviors was seen, but only in subjects with low expression MAOA polymorphisms. In general, this effect occurred for pictures of varying affective content and was not due to altered occurrence of one specific behavior or type of behavior. The drug*genotype interaction was seen after one and two years of treatment and did not reverse one year after discontinuation of dosing. Two potential translational implications are suggested: (1) MAOA genetic polymorphisms may be the source of some of the variability in response to fluoxetine treatment in children; (2) extended fluoxetine treatment during juvenile brain development may result in persistent effects on emotional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Golub
- University of California Davis, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Davis, California, USA.
| | - C E Hogrefe
- University of California Davis, California National Primate Research Center, Davis, California, USA
| | - A M Bulleri
- University of California Davis, California National Primate Research Center, Davis, California, USA
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22
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Sabino ADV, Chagas MHN, Osório FL. Effects of psychotropic drugs used in the treatment of anxiety disorders on the recognition of facial expressions of emotion: Critical analysis of literature. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 71:802-809. [PMID: 27810346 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in recognition of facial expressions of emotion (RFEE) play a central role in the manifestation of anxiety disorders (AD). We systematically reviewed the literature to determine effects of drugs used in AD treatment on RFEE, based on outcomes of accuracy rate, reaction time, and intensity. Electronic databases, including Pubmed, PsycINFO, and Scielo, were used without time constraints. Twenty-six clinical/experimental studies on healthy subjects, focusing on 11 drugs, published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, were selected. We found that increased recognition of happiness was associated with acute use of citalopram, fluoxetine, duloxetine, and reboxetine. Increased and decreased recognition of negative emotions were associated with the use of selective serotonin and/or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, respectively. Benzodiazepine favored recognition of negative emotions. Differences in reaction time were rarely observed. Stimuli with distinct emotion intensities produced similar effects. Specific changes occurred in RFEE depending on the drug, its administration route and dose, and emotion valence. Evidences indicate significant effects on emotional processing relevant to clinical practice, particularly in treating patients with emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alini Daniéli Viana Sabino
- Department of Neurosciences and Behaviour, Medical School of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14048-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes N Chagas
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís (SP-310), Km 235, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Flávia L Osório
- Department of Neurosciences and Behaviour, Medical School of RibeirãoPreto, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14048-900, Brazil; Technology Institute (INCT, CNPq) for Translational Medicine, Brazil.
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