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Qian C, Wang Q, Qiao Y, Xu Z, Zhang L, Xiao H, Lin Z, Wu M, Xia W, Yang H, Bai J, Geng D. Arachidonic acid in aging: New roles for old players. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00180-2. [PMID: 38710468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arachidonic acid (AA), one of the most ubiquitous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), provides fluidity to mammalian cell membranes. It is derived from linoleic acid (LA) and can be transformed into various bioactive metabolites, including prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), lipoxins (LXs), hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), leukotrienes (LTs), and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), by different pathways. All these processes are involved in AA metabolism. Currently, in the context of an increasingly visible aging world population, several scholars have revealed the essential role of AA metabolism in osteoporosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and many other aging diseases. AIM OF REVIEW Although there are some reviews describing the role of AA in some specific diseases, there seems to be no or little information on the role of AA metabolism in aging tissues or organs. This review scrutinizes and highlights the role of AA metabolism in aging and provides a new idea for strategies for treating aging-related diseases. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW As a member of lipid metabolism, AA metabolism regulates the important lipids that interfere with the aging in several ways. We present a comprehensivereviewofthe role ofAA metabolism in aging, with the aim of relieving the extreme suffering of families and the heavy economic burden on society caused by age-related diseases. We also collected and summarized data on anti-aging therapies associated with AA metabolism, with the expectation of identifying a novel and efficient way to protect against aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Yusen Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Ze Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Haixiang Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Mingzhou Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Wenyu Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
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Hashim N, Babiker R, Mohammed R, Chaitanya NC, Rahman MM, Gismalla B. Highlighting the Effect of Pro-inflammatory Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1120-S1128. [PMID: 38882732 PMCID: PMC11174192 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1120_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition that is much more common as people get older. It may start out early or late. Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglial activation, both of which contribute to the central nervous system's inflammatory state, are characteristics of AD. As opposed to this, periodontitis is a widespread oral infection brought on by Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. By releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines into the systemic circulation, periodontitis can be classified as a "low-grade systemic disease." Periodontitis and AD are linked by inflammation, which is recognized to play a crucial part in both the disease processes. The current review sought to highlight the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are released during periodontal and Alzheimer's diseases in the pathophysiology of both conditions. It also addresses the puzzling relationship between AD and periodontitis, highlighting the etiology and potential ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Hashim
- Periodontology, RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras al-Khaimah, UAE
| | - Rasha Babiker
- Physiology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras al-Khaimah, UAE
| | - Riham Mohammed
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras al-Khaimah, UAE
| | - Nallan Csk Chaitanya
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras al-Khaimah, UAE
| | - Muhammed M Rahman
- Periodontology, RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras al-Khaimah, UAE
| | - Bakri Gismalla
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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3
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Zhang T, Gao G, Kwok LY, Sun Z. Gut microbiome-targeted therapies for Alzheimer's disease. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2271613. [PMID: 37934614 PMCID: PMC10631445 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2271613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of high-throughput 'omics' technologies has improved our knowledge of gut microbiome in human health and disease, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder. Frequent bidirectional communications and mutual regulation exist between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system through the gut-brain axis. A large body of research has reported a close association between the gut microbiota and AD development, and restoring a healthy gut microbiota may curb or even improve AD symptoms and progression. Thus, modulation of the gut microbiota has become a novel paradigm for clinical management of AD, and emerging effort has focused on developing potential novel strategies for preventing and/or treating the disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the connection and causal relationship between gut dysbiosis and AD, the mechanisms of gut microbiota in driving AD progression, and the successes and challenges of implementing available gut microbiome-targeted therapies (including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation) in preventive and/or therapeutic preclinical and clinical intervention studies of AD. Finally, we discuss the future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Guangqi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Effects of Dietary n-3 LCPUFA Supplementation on the Hippocampus of Aging Female Mice: Impact on Memory, Lipid Raft-Associated Glutamatergic Receptors and Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137430. [PMID: 35806435 PMCID: PMC9267073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), essential molecules whose precursors must be dietary supplied, are highly represented in the brain contributing to numerous neuronal processes. Recent findings have demonstrated that LCPUFA are represented in lipid raft microstructures, where they favor molecular interactions of signaling complexes underlying neuronal functionality. During aging, the brain lipid composition changes affecting the lipid rafts’ integrity and protein signaling, which may induce memory detriment. We investigated the effect of a n-3 LCPUFA-enriched diet on the cognitive function of 6- and 15-months-old female mice. Likewise, we explored the impact of dietary n-3 LCPUFAs on hippocampal lipid rafts, and their potential correlation with aging-induced neuroinflammation. Our results demonstrate that n-3 LCPUFA supplementation improves spatial and recognition memory and restores the expression of glutamate and estrogen receptors in the hippocampal lipid rafts of aged mice to similar profiles than young ones. Additionally, the n-3 LCPUFA-enriched diet stabilized the lipid composition of the old mice’s hippocampal lipid rafts to the levels of young ones and reduced the aged-induced neuroinflammatory markers. Hence, we propose that n-3 LCPUFA supplementation leads to beneficial cognitive performance by “rejuvenating” the lipid raft microenvironment that stabilizes the integrity and interactions of memory protein players embedded in these microdomains.
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Liu ZT, Ma YT, Pan ST, Xie K, Shen W, Lin SY, Gao JY, Li WY, Li GY, Wang QW, Li LP. Effects of involuntary treadmill running in combination with swimming on adult neurogenesis in an Alzheimer's mouse model. Neurochem Int 2022; 155:105309. [PMID: 35276288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise plays a role on the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the exercise mode and the mechanism for these positive effects is still ambiguous. Here, we investigated the effect of an aerobic interval exercise, running in combination with swimming, on behavioral dysfunction and associated adult neurogenesis in a mouse model of AD. We demonstrate that 4 weeks of the exercise could ameliorate Aβ42 oligomer-induced cognitive impairment in mice utilizing Morris water maze tests. Additionally, the exercised Aβ42 oligomer-induced mice exhibited a significant reduction of anxiety- and depression-like behaviors compared to the sedentary Aβ42 oligomer-induced mice utilizing an Elevated zero maze and a Tail suspension test. Moreover, by utilizing 5'-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) as an exogenous cell tracer, we found that the exercised Aβ42 oligomer-induced mice displayed a significant increase in newborn cells (BrdU+ cells), which differentiated into a majority of neurons (BrdU+ DCX+ cells or BrdU+NeuN+ cells) and a few of astrocytes (BrdU+GFAP+ cells). Likewise, the exercised Aβ42 oligomer-induced mice also displayed the higher levels of NeuN, PSD95, synaptophysin, Bcl-2 and lower level of GFAP protein. Furthermore, alteration of serum metabolites in transgenic AD mice between the exercised and sedentary group were significantly associated with lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and neurotransmitters. These findings suggest that combined aerobic interval exercise-mediated metabolites and proteins contributed to improving adult neurogenesis and behavioral performance after AD pathology, which might provide a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Tao Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Rehabilitative Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yu-Tao Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Shao-Tao Pan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Kai Xie
- Rehabilitative Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Wei Shen
- Rehabilitative Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Su-Yang Lin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Jun-Yan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Wan-Yi Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Guang-Yu Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Qin-Wen Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China.
| | - Li-Ping Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Rehabilitative Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, PR China.
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Abdelhamid M, Zhou C, Ohno K, Kuhara T, Taslima F, Abdullah M, Jung CG, Michikawa M. Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve Prevents Memory Impairment Through the Reduction of Both Amyloid-β Production and Microglia Activation in APP Knock-In Mouse. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 85:1555-1571. [PMID: 34958017 PMCID: PMC8925106 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotic supplementation reestablishes microbiome diversity and improves brain function in Alzheimer's disease (AD); their molecular mechanisms, however, have not yet been fully illustrated. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of orally supplemented Bifidobacterium breve MCC1274 on cognitive function and AD-like pathologies in AppNL-G-F mice. METHODS Three-month-old AppNL-G-F mice were orally supplemented with B. breve MCC1274 for four months. The short-term memory function was evaluated using a novel object recognition test. Amyloid plaques, amyloid-β (Aβ) levels, Aβ fibril, amyloid-β protein precursor and its processing enzymes, its metabolic products, glial activity, and cell proliferation in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, Aβ ELISA, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. The mRNA expression levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined by qRT-PCR analysis. RESULTS We found that the oral B. breve MCC1 274 supplementation prevented memory impairment in AppNL-G-F mice and decreased hippocampal Aβ levels through the enhancement of the a-disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) level. Moreover, administration of the probiotic activated the ERK/HIF-1α signaling pathway responsible for increasing the ADAM10 level and also attenuated microglial activation, which in turn led to reduction in the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. In addition, B. breve MCC1274 supplementation increased the level of synaptic proteins in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION Our findings support the possibility that oral B. breve MCC1274 supplementation might be used as a potential preventive therapy for AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abdelhamid
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chunyu Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuya Ohno
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kuhara
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Japan
| | - Ferdous Taslima
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mohammad Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Cha-Gyun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Michikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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Simvastatin Blocks Reinstatement of Cocaine-induced Conditioned Place Preference in Male Mice with Brain Lipidome Remodeling. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:1683-1702. [PMID: 34491535 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00771-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-associated reward memories are conducive to intense craving and often trigger relapse. Simvastatin has been shown to regulate lipids that are involved in memory formation but its influence on other cognitive processes is elusive. Here, we used a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic method to evaluate the impact of simvastatin on the mouse brain in a cocaine-induced reinstatement paradigm. We found that simvastatin blocked the reinstatement of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) without affecting CPP acquisition. Specifically, only simvastatin administered during extinction prevented cocaine-primed reinstatement. Global lipidome analysis showed that the nucleus accumbens was the region with the greatest degree of change caused by simvastatin. The metabolism of fatty-acids, phospholipids, and triacylglycerol was profoundly affected. Simvastatin reversed most of the effects on phospholipids induced by cocaine. The correlation matrix showed that cocaine and simvastatin significantly reshaped the lipid metabolic pathways in specific brain regions. Furthermore, simvastatin almost reversed all changes in the fatty acyl profile and unsaturation caused by cocaine. In summary, pre-extinction treatment with simvastatin facilitates cocaine extinction and prevents cocaine relapse with brain lipidome remodeling.
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Fatty acids and evolving roles of their proteins in neurological, cardiovascular disorders and cancers. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 83:101116. [PMID: 34293403 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The dysregulation of fat metabolism is involved in various disorders, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and cancers. The uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) with 14 or more carbons plays a pivotal role in cellular metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, the uptake and metabolism of LCFAs must constantly be in tune with the cellular, metabolic, and structural requirements of cells. Many metabolic diseases are thought to be driven by the abnormal flow of fatty acids either from the dietary origin and/or released from adipose stores. Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of fatty acids are facilitated ubiquitously with unique combinations of fatty acid transport proteins and cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins in every tissue. Extensive data are emerging on the defective transporters and metabolism of LCFAs and their clinical implications. Uptake and metabolism of LCFAs are crucial for the brain's functional development and cardiovascular health and maintenance. In addition, data suggest fatty acid metabolic transporter can normalize activated inflammatory response by reprogramming lipid metabolism in cancers. Here we review the current understanding of how LCFAs and their proteins contribute to the pathophysiology of three crucial diseases and the mechanisms involved in the processes.
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Basak S, Mallick R, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Maternal Supply of Both Arachidonic and Docosahexaenoic Acids Is Required for Optimal Neurodevelopment. Nutrients 2021; 13:2061. [PMID: 34208549 PMCID: PMC8234848 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last trimester of gestation and for the first 18 months after birth, both docosahexaenoic acid,22:6n-3 (DHA) and arachidonic acid,20:4n-6 (ARA) are preferentially deposited within the cerebral cortex at a rapid rate. Although the structural and functional roles of DHA in brain development are well investigated, similar roles of ARA are not well documented. The mode of action of these two fatty acids and their derivatives at different structural-functional roles and their levels in the gene expression and signaling pathways of the brain have been continuously emanating. In addition to DHA, the importance of ARA has been much discussed in recent years for fetal and postnatal brain development and the maternal supply of ARA and DHA. These fatty acids are also involved in various brain developmental processes; however, their mechanistic cross talks are not clearly known yet. This review describes the importance of ARA, in addition to DHA, in supporting the optimal brain development and growth and functional roles in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500 007, India;
| | - Rahul Mallick
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India; (A.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India; (A.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
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Sambra V, Echeverria F, Valenzuela A, Chouinard-Watkins R, Valenzuela R. Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as Neuroprotective Nutrients throughout the Life Cycle. Nutrients 2021; 13:986. [PMID: 33803760 PMCID: PMC8003191 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in neurogenesis and brain development throughout the life cycle is fundamental. DHA and AA are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) vital for many human physiological processes, such as signaling pathways, gene expression, structure and function of membranes, among others. DHA and AA are deposited into the lipids of cell membranes that form the gray matter representing approximately 25% of the total content of brain fatty acids. Both fatty acids have effects on neuronal growth and differentiation through the modulation of the physical properties of neuronal membranes, signal transduction associated with G proteins, and gene expression. DHA and AA have a relevant role in neuroprotection against neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, which are associated with characteristic pathological expressions as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. The present review analyzes the neuroprotective role of DHA and AA in the extreme stages of life, emphasizing the importance of these LCPUFA during the first year of life and in the developing/prevention of neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Sambra
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (V.S.); (F.E.)
| | - Francisca Echeverria
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (V.S.); (F.E.)
| | - Alfonso Valenzuela
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Nutrition, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Raphaël Chouinard-Watkins
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada;
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (V.S.); (F.E.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada;
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Yang WC, Zhang YY, Li YJ, Nie YY, Liang JY, Liu YY, Liu JS, Zhang YP, Song C, Qian ZJ, Zhang Y. Chemical Composition and Anti-Alzheimer's Disease-Related Activities of a Functional Oil from the Edible Seaweed Hizikia fusiforme. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000055. [PMID: 32419273 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cholinergic disorder, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation play important roles in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. To explore the healthy potential of the edible seaweed Hizikia fusiforme on this aspect, a functional oil (HFFO) was extracted from this alga and investigated on its constituents by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in this study. Its anti-Alzheimer's related bioactivities including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, antioxidation, and anti-neuroinflammation were evaluated, traced, and simulated by in vitro and in silico methods. GC/MS analysis indicated that HFFO mainly contained arachidonic acid (ARA), 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid (ETrA), palmitic acid, phytol, etc. HFFO showed moderate AChE inhibition and antioxidant activity. Bioactivity tracing using commercial standards verified that AChE inhibition of HFFO mainly originated from ARA and ETrA, whereas antioxidant activity mainly from ARA. Lineweaver-Burk plots showed that both ARA and ETrA are noncompetitive AChE inhibitors. A molecular docking study demonstrated low CDOCKER interaction energy of -26.33 kcal/mol for ARA and -43.70 kcal/mol for ETrA when interacting with AChE and multiple interactions in the ARA (or ETrA)-AChE complex. In the anti-neuroinflammatory evaluation, HFFO showed no toxicity toward BV-2 cells at 20 μg/mL and effectively inhibited the production of nitroxide and reduced the level of reactive oxygen species in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV-2 cells. The results indicated that HFFO could be used in functional foods for its anti-Alzheimer's disease-related activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cong Yang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Juan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Nie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Yue Liang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Yue Liu
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Shan Liu
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ping Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Cai Song
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
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12
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Kawashima H. Intake of arachidonic acid-containing lipids in adult humans: dietary surveys and clinical trials. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:101. [PMID: 30992005 PMCID: PMC6469145 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) have important roles in physiological homeostasis. Numerous studies have provided extensive information about the roles of n-3 LCPUFA, such as docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. Arachidonic acid (ARA) is one of the major n-6 LCPUFAs and its biological aspects have been well studied. However, nutritional information for ARA is limited, especially in adult humans. This review presents a framework of dietary ARA intake and the effects of ARA supplementation on LCPUFA metabolism in adult humans, and the nutritional significance of ARA and LCPUFA is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawashima
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan.
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13
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Litus EA, Kazakov AS, Sokolov AS, Nemashkalova EL, Galushko EI, Dzhus UF, Marchenkov VV, Galzitskaya OV, Permyakov EA, Permyakov SE. The binding of monomeric amyloid β peptide to serum albumin is affected by major plasma unsaturated fatty acids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 510:248-253. [PMID: 30685090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) serves as a natural depot of amyloid β peptide (Aβ). Improvement of Aβ binding to HSA should impede Alzheimer's disease (AD). We developed a method for quantitation of the interaction between monomeric Aβ40/42 and HSA using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. The dissociation constant of HSA complex with recombinant Aβ40/42 is 0.2-0.3 μM. Flemish variant of Aβ40 has 2.5-10-fold higher affinity to HSA. The parameters of the HSA-Aβ interaction are selectively sensitive to HSA binding of major plasma unsaturated fatty acids and Cu2+. Linoleic and arachidonic acids promote the HSA-Aβ42 interaction. The developed methodology for quantitation of HSA-Aβ interaction may serve as a tool for search of compounds favoring HSA-Aβ interaction, thereby preventing AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Litus
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center 'Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences', Institutskaya str., 7, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
| | - A S Kazakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center 'Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences', Institutskaya str., 7, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
| | - A S Sokolov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center 'Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences', Institutskaya str., 7, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
| | - E L Nemashkalova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center 'Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences', Institutskaya str., 7, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
| | - E I Galushko
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str., 4, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - U F Dzhus
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str., 4, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - V V Marchenkov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str., 4, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - O V Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str., 4, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - E A Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center 'Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences', Institutskaya str., 7, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
| | - S E Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center 'Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences', Institutskaya str., 7, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
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14
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Lee S, Youn K, Jun M. Major compounds of red ginseng oil attenuate Aβ 25-35-induced neuronal apoptosis and inflammation by modulating MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Food Funct 2018; 9:4122-4134. [PMID: 30014084 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00795k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
β-Amyloid (Aβ)-induced neuronal toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with complex mechanisms. Thus, a multi-target approach might be suitable for AD treatment. Following our previous study on the neuroprotective effects of red ginseng oil extract, its major compounds, including linoleic acid (LA), β-sitosterol (BS), and stigmasterol (SS), were examined to elucidate the mechanism of anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation in Aβ25-35-stimulated PC12 cells. The results showed that the three compounds mitigated Aβ25-35 toxicity by regulating oxidative stress, apoptotic responses, and pro-inflammatory mediators. LA and SS strongly regulated intrinsic apoptosis markers, such as mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular Ca2+, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and caspases-9, -3, and -8. However, BS blocked only the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, particularly by suppressing Ca2+ accumulation. Furthermore, all three compounds downregulated iNOS and phospho-nuclear factor-κB, but only LA and SS inhibited the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and phospho-IκB. In assays to evaluate MAPK expression for confirming upstream signal pathways, BS decreased the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK, but not JNK, while SS markedly decreased the phosphorylation of all three MAPKs, and LA clearly decreased the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK, but not p38. These results indicate that LA, BS, and SS act as neuroprotectives against Aβ25-35-induced injury by distinct molecular mechanisms, indicating their preventive and/or therapeutic potential to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonah Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Korea.
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15
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Sun GY, Simonyi A, Fritsche KL, Chuang DY, Hannink M, Gu Z, Greenlief CM, Yao JK, Lee JC, Beversdorf DQ. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): An essential nutrient and a nutraceutical for brain health and diseases. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 136:3-13. [PMID: 28314621 PMCID: PMC9087135 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) enriched in phospholipids in the brain and retina, is known to play multi-functional roles in brain health and diseases. While arachidonic acid (AA) is released from membrane phospholipids by cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), DHA is linked to action of the Ca2+-independent iPLA2. DHA undergoes enzymatic conversion by 15-lipoxygenase (Alox 15) to form oxylipins including resolvins and neuroprotectins, which are powerful lipid mediators. DHA can also undergo non-enzymatic conversion by reacting with oxygen free radicals (ROS), which cause the production of 4-hydoxyhexenal (4-HHE), an aldehyde derivative which can form adducts with DNA, proteins and lipids. In studies with both animal models and humans, there is evidence that inadequate intake of maternal n-3 PUFA may lead to aberrant development and function of the central nervous system (CNS). What is less certain is whether consumption of n-3 PUFA is important in maintaining brain health throughout one's life span. Evidence mostly from non-human studies suggests that DHA intake above normal nutritional requirements might modify the risk/course of a number of diseases of the brain. This concept has fueled much of the present interest in DHA research, in particular, in attempts to delineate mechanisms whereby DHA may serve as a nutraceutical and confer neuroprotective effects. Current studies have revealed ability for the oxylipins to regulation of cell redox homeostasis through the Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2/Antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) anti-oxidant pathway, and impact signaling pathways associated with neurotransmitters, and modulation of neuronal functions involving brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). This review is aimed at describing recent studies elaborating these mechanisms with special regard to aging and Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, traumatic brain injury, and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y Sun
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Agnes Simonyi
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kevin L Fritsche
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Dennis Y Chuang
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Mark Hannink
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zezong Gu
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey K Yao
- Medical Research Service, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - James C Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David Q Beversdorf
- Department of Radiology, Neurology, and Psychological Sciences, and the Thompson Center, William and Nancy Thompson Endowed Chair in Radiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
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16
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Villamil-Ortiz JG, Barrera-Ocampo A, Arias-Londoño JD, Villegas A, Lopera F, Cardona-Gómez GP. Differential Pattern of Phospholipid Profile in the Temporal Cortex from E280A-Familiar and Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Brains. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 61:209-219. [PMID: 29125487 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are considered important factors in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we realized a comparative analysis of the phospholipid profile and phospholipid composition of the temporal cortex from E280A-familiar AD (FAD), sporadic AD (SAD), and healthy human brains. Findings showed a significant decrease of lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine formed by low levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (20 : 4, 22 : 6) in AD brains. However, phosphatidylethanolamine-ceramide and phosphoglycerol were significantly increased in SAD, conformed by high levels of (18 : 0/18 : 1) and (30/32/36 : 0/1/2), respectively. Together, the findings suggest a deficiency in lysophosphacholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, and alteration in the balance between poly- and unsaturated fatty acids in both types of AD, and a differential pattern of phospholipid profile and fatty acid composition between E280A FAD and SAD human brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gustavo Villamil-Ortiz
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Group of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, SIU, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Alvaro Barrera-Ocampo
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Group of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, SIU, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Andrés Villegas
- Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience, SIU, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience, SIU, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Patricia Cardona-Gómez
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Group of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, SIU, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
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17
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Whittington RA, Planel E, Terrando N. Impaired Resolution of Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1464. [PMID: 29163531 PMCID: PMC5681480 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains the leading cause of dementia worldwide, and over the last several decades, the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of this neurodegenerative disorder has been increasingly elucidated. The initiation of the acute inflammatory response is counterbalanced by an active process termed resolution. This process is designed to restore homeostasis and promote tissue healing by the activation of neutrophilic apoptosis, promotion of neutrophil clearance by macrophages, and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, while concurrently leading to a diminution in pro-inflammatory mediators. The switch from the initiation to the resolution phase of inflammation is initially characterized by increased production of arachidonic acid-derived pro-resolving lipoxins and decreases in pro-inflammatory prostaglandin and leukotriene levels, subsequently followed by increases in specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators derived from omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs). There is mounting evidence that in AD, the resolution of inflammation is impaired, resulting in chronic inflammation and the exacerbation of the AD-related pathology. In this review, we examine preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the hypothesis that AD is a neurodegenerative disorder where the impairment or failure of resolution contributes to the disease process. Moreover, we review the literature supporting the potential therapeutic role of ω-3 FAs and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in the management of the disease. Lastly, we highlight areas that could strengthen the association of failed resolution to AD and should, therefore, be the focus of future scientific investigations in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Whittington
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emmanuel Planel
- Faculté de Médecine, Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU de Quebec, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Neurosciences, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Niccolò Terrando
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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18
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Mohaibes RJ, Fiol-deRoque MA, Torres M, Ordinas M, López DJ, Castro JA, Escribá PV, Busquets X. The hydroxylated form of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA-H) modifies the brain lipid composition in a model of Alzheimer's disease, improving behavioral motor function and survival. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1596-1603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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19
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Thomas MH, Paris C, Magnien M, Colin J, Pelleïeux S, Coste F, Escanyé MC, Pillot T, Olivier JL. Dietary arachidonic acid increases deleterious effects of amyloid-β oligomers on learning abilities and expression of AMPA receptors: putative role of the ACSL4-cPLA 2 balance. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2017; 9:69. [PMID: 28851448 PMCID: PMC5576249 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-017-0295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Polyunsaturated fatty acids play a crucial role in neuronal function, and the modification of these compounds in the brain could have an impact on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Despite the fact that arachidonic acid is the second foremost polyunsaturated fatty acid besides docosahexaenoic acid, its role and the regulation of its transfer and mobilization in the brain are poorly known. Methods Two groups of 39 adult male BALB/c mice were fed with an arachidonic acid-enriched diet or an oleic acid-enriched diet, respectively, for 12 weeks. After 10 weeks on the diet, mice received intracerebroventricular injections of either NaCl solution or amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) oligomers. Y-maze and Morris water maze tests were used to evaluate short- and long-term memory. At 12 weeks on the diet, mice were killed, and blood, liver, and brain samples were collected for lipid and protein analyses. Results We found that the administration of an arachidonic acid-enriched diet for 12 weeks induced short-term memory impairment and increased deleterious effects of Aβ oligomers on learning abilities. These cognitive alterations were associated with modifications of expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors, postsynaptic density protein 95, and glial fibrillary acidic protein in mouse cortex or hippocampus by the arachidonic acid-enriched diet and Aβ oligomer administration. This diet also led to an imbalance between the main ω-6 fatty acids and the ω-3 fatty acids in favor of the first one in erythrocytes and the liver as well as in the hippocampal and cortical brain structures. In the cortex, the dietary arachidonic acid also induced an increase of arachidonic acid-containing phospholipid species in phosphatidylserine class, whereas intracerebroventricular injections modified several arachidonic acid- and docosahexaenoic acid-containing species in the four phospholipid classes. Finally, we observed that dietary arachidonic acid decreased the expression of the neuronal form of acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 4 in the hippocampus and increased the cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation level in the cortices of the mice. Conclusions Dietary arachidonic acid could amplify Aβ oligomer neurotoxicity. Its consumption could constitute a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease in humans and should be taken into account in future preventive strategies. Its deleterious effect on cognitive capacity could be linked to the balance between arachidonic acid-mobilizing enzymes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13195-017-0295-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie H Thomas
- Research unit on Animals and Functionality of Animal Products (URAFPA), Lorraine University, EA 3998, USC INRA 0340, 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA40602, F-54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Cédric Paris
- Laboratory of Biomolecules Engineering (LIBio), Lorraine University, 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA40602, F-54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mylène Magnien
- Research unit on Animals and Functionality of Animal Products (URAFPA), Lorraine University, EA 3998, USC INRA 0340, 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA40602, F-54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Julie Colin
- Research unit on Animals and Functionality of Animal Products (URAFPA), Lorraine University, EA 3998, USC INRA 0340, 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA40602, F-54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sandra Pelleïeux
- Research unit on Animals and Functionality of Animal Products (URAFPA), Lorraine University, EA 3998, USC INRA 0340, 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA40602, F-54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Biochemistry Department, Central Hospital, University Hospitals of Nancy, 24, avenue du Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, CO n°34, F-54018, Nancy, France
| | - Florence Coste
- Research unit on Animals and Functionality of Animal Products (URAFPA), Lorraine University, EA 3998, USC INRA 0340, 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA40602, F-54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Marie-Christine Escanyé
- Biochemistry Department, Central Hospital, University Hospitals of Nancy, 24, avenue du Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, CO n°34, F-54018, Nancy, France
| | - Thierry Pillot
- Synaging SAS, 2, rue du Doyen Marcel Roubault, 54518, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Luc Olivier
- Research unit on Animals and Functionality of Animal Products (URAFPA), Lorraine University, EA 3998, USC INRA 0340, 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA40602, F-54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France. .,Biochemistry Department, Central Hospital, University Hospitals of Nancy, 24, avenue du Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, CO n°34, F-54018, Nancy, France.
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20
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Malikowska N, Sałat K, Podkowa A. Comparison of pro-amnesic efficacy of scopolamine, biperiden, and phencyclidine by using passive avoidance task in CD-1 mice. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2017; 86:76-80. [PMID: 28412329 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Memory disorders accompany numerous diseases and therapies, and this is becoming a growing medical issue worldwide. Currently, various animal models of memory impairments are available; however, many of them require high financial outlay and/or are time-consuming. A simple way to achieve an efficient behavioral model of cognitive disorders is to inject defined drug that has pro-amnesic properties. Since the involvement of cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in cognition is well established, the utilization of a nonselective muscarinic receptor antagonist, scopolamine (SCOP), a selective M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist, biperiden (BIP), and a non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, phencyclidine (PCP) seems to be reliable tools to induce amnesia. As the determination of their effective doses remains vague and the active doses vary significantly in laboratory settings and in mouse species being tested, the aim of this study was to compare these three models of amnesia in CD-1 mice. METHODS Male Swiss Albino mice were used in passive avoidance (PA) test. All the compounds were administered intraperitoneally (ip) at doses 1mg/kg, 5mg/kg, and 10mg/kg (SCOP and BIP), and 1mg/kg, 3mg/kg, and 6mg/kg (PCP). RESULTS In the retention trial of the PA task, SCOP and PCP led to the reduction of step-through latency at all the tested doses as compared to control, but BIP was effective only at the dose of 10mg/kg. CONCLUSION This study revealed the effectiveness of SCOP, PCP, and BIP as tools to induce amnesia, with the PCP model being the most efficacious and SCOP being the only model that demonstrates a clear dose-response relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Malikowska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adrian Podkowa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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Arachidonic acid has protective effects on oxygen-glucose deprived astrocytes mediated through enhancement of potassium channel TREK-1 activity. Neurosci Lett 2017; 636:241-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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22
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Devassy JG, Leng S, Gabbs M, Monirujjaman M, Aukema HM. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Oxylipins in Neuroinflammation and Management of Alzheimer Disease. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:905-16. [PMID: 27633106 PMCID: PMC5015035 DOI: 10.3945/an.116.012187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is becoming one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative conditions worldwide. Although the disease progression is becoming better understood, current medical interventions can only ameliorate some of the symptoms but cannot slow disease progression. Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the advancement of this disorder, and n-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are involved in both the reduction in and resolution of inflammation. These effects may be mediated by the anti-inflammatory and proresolving effects of bioactive lipid mediators (oxylipins) derived from n-3 PUFAs [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] in fish oil. Although interventions have generally used fish oil containing both EPA and DHA, several studies that used either EPA or DHA alone or specific oxylipins derived from these fatty acids indicate that they have distinct effects. Both DHA and EPA can reduce neuroinflammation and cognitive decline, but EPA positively influences mood disorders, whereas DHA maintains normal brain structure. Fewer studies with a plant-derived n-3 PUFA, α-linolenic acid, suggest that other n-3 PUFAs and their oxylipins also may positively affect AD. Further research identifying the unique anti-inflammatory and proresolving properties of oxylipins from individual n-3 PUFAs will enable the discovery of novel disease-management strategies in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Harold M Aukema
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; and Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
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Thomas MH, Pelleieux S, Vitale N, Olivier JL. Dietary arachidonic acid as a risk factor for age-associated neurodegenerative diseases: Potential mechanisms. Biochimie 2016; 130:168-177. [PMID: 27473185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and associated diseases constitute a major public health concern worldwide. Nutrition-based, preventive strategies could possibly be effective in delaying the occurrence of these diseases and lower their prevalence. Arachidonic acid is the second major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and several studies support its involvement in Alzheimer's disease. The objective of this review is to examine how dietary arachidonic acid contributes to Alzheimer's disease mechanisms and therefore to its prevention. First, we explore the sources of neuronal arachidonic acid that could potentially originate from either the conversion of linoleic acid, or from dietary sources and transfer across the blood-brain-barrier. In a second part, a brief overview of the role of the two main agents of Alzheimer's disease, tau protein and Aβ peptide is given, followed by the examination of the relationship between arachidonic acid and the disease. Third, the putative mechanisms by which arachidonic acid could influence Alzheimer's disease occurrence and evolution are presented. The conclusion is devoted to what remains to be determined before integrating arachidonic acid in the design of preventive strategies against Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie H Thomas
- Unité de Recherche Aliment et Fonctionnalité des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), INRA USC 0340, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Sandra Pelleieux
- Unité de Recherche Aliment et Fonctionnalité des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), INRA USC 0340, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR CNRS 3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean Luc Olivier
- Unité de Recherche Aliment et Fonctionnalité des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), INRA USC 0340, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
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Phosphatidylcholine protects neurons from toxic effects of amyloid β-protein in culture. Brain Res 2016; 1642:376-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Grimm MOW, Mett J, Stahlmann CP, Haupenthal VJ, Blümel T, Stötzel H, Grimm HS, Hartmann T. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid increase the degradation of amyloid-β by affecting insulin-degrading enzyme. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 94:534-542. [PMID: 27813426 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2015-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been proposed to be highly beneficial in Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD pathology is closely linked to an overproduction and accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides as extracellular senile plaques in the brain. Total Aβ levels are not only dependent on its production by proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), but also on Aβ-clearance mechanisms, including Aβ-degrading enzymes. Here we show that the omega-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increase Aβ-degradation by affecting insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), the major Aβ-degrading enzyme secreted into the extracellular space of neuronal and microglial cells. The identification of the molecular mechanisms revealed that EPA directly increases IDE enzyme activity and elevates gene expression of IDE. DHA also directly stimulates IDE enzyme activity and affects IDE sorting by increasing exosome release of IDE, resulting in enhanced Aβ-degradation in the extracellular milieu. Apart from the known positive effect of DHA in reducing Aβ production, EPA and DHA might ameliorate AD pathology by increasing Aβ turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus O W Grimm
- a Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.,b Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.,c Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Janine Mett
- a Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Christoph P Stahlmann
- a Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Viola J Haupenthal
- a Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tamara Blümel
- a Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Hannah Stötzel
- a Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Heike S Grimm
- a Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- a Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.,b Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.,c Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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