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Cox E, Wade R, Hodgson R, Fulbright H, Phung TH, Meader N, Walker S, Rothery C, Simmonds M. Devices for remote continuous monitoring of people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. Health Technol Assess 2024; 28:1-187. [PMID: 39021200 PMCID: PMC11331379 DOI: 10.3310/ydsl3294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease is a brain condition causing a progressive loss of co ordination and movement problems. Around 145,500 people have Parkinson's disease in the United Kingdom. Levodopa is the most prescribed treatment for managing motor symptoms in the early stages. Patients should be monitored by a specialist every 6-12 months for disease progression and treatment of adverse effects. Wearable devices may provide a novel approach to management by directly monitoring patients for bradykinesia, dyskinesia, tremor and other symptoms. They are intended to be used alongside clinical judgement. Objectives To determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of five devices for monitoring Parkinson's disease: Personal KinetiGraph, Kinesia 360, KinesiaU, PDMonitor and STAT-ON. Methods We performed systematic reviews of all evidence on the five devices, outcomes included: diagnostic accuracy, impact on decision-making, clinical outcomes, patient and clinician opinions and economic outcomes. We searched MEDLINE and 12 other databases/trial registries to February 2022. Risk of bias was assessed. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise all identified evidence, as the evidence was insufficient for meta-analysis. One included trial provided individual-level data, which was re-analysed. A de novo decision-analytic model was developed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of Personal KinetiGraph and Kinesia 360 compared to standard of care in the UK NHS over a 5-year time horizon. The base-case analysis considered two alternative monitoring strategies: one-time use and routine use of the device. Results Fifty-seven studies of Personal KinetiGraph, 15 of STAT-ON, 3 of Kinesia 360, 1 of KinesiaU and 1 of PDMonitor were included. There was some evidence to suggest that Personal KinetiGraph can accurately measure bradykinesia and dyskinesia, leading to treatment modification in some patients, and a possible improvement in clinical outcomes when measured using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. The evidence for STAT-ON suggested it may be of value for diagnosing symptoms, but there is currently no evidence on its clinical impact. The evidence for Kinesia 360, KinesiaU and PDMonitor is insufficient to draw any conclusions on their value in clinical practice. The base-case results for Personal KinetiGraph compared to standard of care for one-time and routine use resulted in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of £67,856 and £57,877 per quality-adjusted life-year gained, respectively, with a beneficial impact of the Personal KinetiGraph on Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale domains III and IV. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio results for Kinesia 360 compared to standard of care for one-time and routine use were £38,828 and £67,203 per quality-adjusted life-year gained, respectively. Limitations The evidence was limited in extent and often low quality. For all devices, except Personal KinetiGraph, there was little to no evidence on the clinical impact of the technology. Conclusions Personal KinetiGraph could reasonably be used in practice to monitor patient symptoms and modify treatment where required. There is too little evidence on STAT-ON, Kinesia 360, KinesiaU or PDMonitor to be confident that they are clinically useful. The cost-effectiveness of remote monitoring appears to be largely unfavourable with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios in excess of £30,000 per quality-adjusted life-year across a range of alternative assumptions. The main driver of cost-effectiveness was the durability of improvements in patient symptoms. Study registration This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42022308597. Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Evidence Synthesis programme (NIHR award ref: NIHR135437) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 30. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Cox
- CHE Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - Ros Wade
- CRD Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - Robert Hodgson
- CRD Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - Helen Fulbright
- CRD Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - Thai Han Phung
- CHE Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - Nicholas Meader
- CRD Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - Simon Walker
- CHE Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - Claire Rothery
- CHE Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
| | - Mark Simmonds
- CRD Technology Assessment Group, University of York, York, UK
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Sasidharan A, Bagepally BS, Kumar SS. Cost Effectiveness of Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review. APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY 2024; 22:181-192. [PMID: 38015368 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-023-00848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients with advanced motor symptoms with an inadequate response to pharmacotherapies. Despite its effectiveness, the cost effectiveness of DBS remains a subject of debate. This systematic review aims to update and synthesize evidence on the cost effectiveness of DBS for PD. METHODS To identify full economic evaluations that compared the cost effectiveness of DBS with other best medical treatments, a comprehensive search was conducted of the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Tufts Cost-Effective Analysis registry databases. The selected papers were systematically reviewed, and the results were summarized. For the quality appraisal, we used the modified economic evaluations bias checklist. The review protocol was a priori registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022345508. RESULTS Sixteen identified cost-utility analyses that reported 19 comparisons on the use of DBS for PD were systematically reviewed. The studies were primarily conducted in high-income countries and employed Markov models. The costs considered were direct costs: surgical expenses, calibration, pulse generator replacement, and annual drug expenses. The majority of studies used country-specific thresholds. Fourteen comparisons from 12 studies reported on the cost effectiveness of DBS compared to best medical treatments. Eleven comparisons reported DBS as cost effective based on incremental cost-utility ratio results. CONCLUSIONS The cost effectiveness of DBS for PD varies by time horizon, costs considered, threshold utilized, and stage of PD progression. Standardizing approaches and comparing DBS with other treatments are needed for future research on effective PD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Sasidharan
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Health Technology Assessment Resource Centre, ICMR-NIE, R-127, Tamil Nadu Housing Board, Phase I and II, Ayapakkam, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Bhavani Shankara Bagepally
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Health Technology Assessment Resource Centre, ICMR-NIE, R-127, Tamil Nadu Housing Board, Phase I and II, Ayapakkam, Chennai, 600077, India.
| | - S Sajith Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Health Technology Assessment Resource Centre, ICMR-NIE, R-127, Tamil Nadu Housing Board, Phase I and II, Ayapakkam, Chennai, 600077, India
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Baghaki S, Yalcin CE, Mazlum LC. Periosteal Turnover Flap for Coverage and Salvage of Exposed Deep Brain Stimulation Device. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:e794-e796. [PMID: 38011272 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Implanted deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices are crucial in the treatment of movement disorders. Hardware extrusion is among the most frequent complications of the implantation process and requires reconstruction with well-vascularized tissues. The authors present a case of periosteal turnover flap for coverage of an exposed DBS device. An 11-year-old female patient with spastic cerebral palsy presented with an exposed DBS device located in the right parietal area. The exposed device was covered by a proximally based periosteal flap. Postoperative evaluations at months 1, 2, 3, and 8 revealed no signs of infection or dehiscence. This brief clinical study shows that reconstruction with periosteal turnover flaps is both an easy and excellent choice for secondary closure of exposed DBS devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semih Baghaki
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Koc University School of Medicine
| | - Can E Yalcin
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leo C Mazlum
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Koc University School of Medicine
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Saving the Exposed Deep Brain Stimulation Implant: A Comprehensive Review of Implant Extrusion and Reconstructive Options. Ann Plast Surg 2022; 89:e21-e30. [DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease: Why Earlier Use Makes Shared Decision Making Important. NEUROETHICS-NETH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
As deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shifted to being used earlier during Parkinson’s disease (PD), data is lacking regarding patient specific attitudes, preferences, and factors which may influence the timing of and decision to proceed with DBS in the United States. This study aims to identify and compare attitudes and preferences regarding the earlier use of DBS in Parkinson’s patients who have and have not undergone DBS.
Methods
We developed an online survey concerning attitudes about DBS and its timing in PD. The survey was distributed nationally in the United States via the Michael J. Fox Foundation Trial Finder, the American Parkinson Disease Association flyers, and as a link on the Parkinson Alliance website. Differences in responses between PD DBS and non-DBS patients were assessed.
Results
A total of 445 patients with PD met eligibility criteria for the survey of which 160 self-identified as having undergone DBS. Fifty-five percent (n = 124) of non-DBS patients believed that DBS for PD should only be considered after all medication options have been tried. Patients favoring early DBS had fewer concerns regarding the surgery than those favoring later DBS.
Conclusion
Our findings highlight a variety of important considerations and concerns patients have regarding DBS and its timing. These viewpoints are important aspects of shared decision-making, as they help to identify patients’ preferences, values, and goals, which should enable providers to better navigate, with their patients, the decision path for therapeutic options to consider.
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Cabrera LY, Young Han C, Ostendorf T, Jimenez-Shahed J, Sarva H. Neurologists' Attitudes Toward Use and Timing of Deep Brain Stimulation. Neurol Clin Pract 2021; 11:506-516. [PMID: 34992957 PMCID: PMC8723941 DOI: 10.1212/cpj.0000000000001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to explore current perspectives and attitudes of general neurologists and movement disorder specialists toward deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson disease (PD), focusing on perspectives on its earlier use in the clinical course of the disease. METHODS We designed a 30-question online survey comprised of Likert-type, multiple choice, and rank-order questions, which was distributed to 932 neurologist members of the American Academy of Neurology. We analyzed clinicians' sociodemographic information, treatment patterns used for patients with PD, reasons for and against patient referral for DBS, and general attitudes toward DBS. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS We received 164/930 completed surveys (completion rate of 18%). Overall, most respondents agreed that DBS was more useful after the appearance of motor complications and that DBS utilization offered better management of PD than medication alone. However, respondents were divided on issues like minimum duration of disease needed to consider DBS as a treatment option and timing of DBS referral relative to disease progression. Specifically, differences between movement disorder specialists and general neurologists were seen in medication management of symptoms and dyskinesia. CONCLUSIONS There remains a lack of consensus on several aspects of DBS, including medical management before offering DBS and the appropriate timing of its consideration for patients. Given the effect of such lack of consensus on patients' outcomes and recent evidence on positive DBS results, it is essential to update DBS professional guidelines with a focus on medical management and the timely use of DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Yenisa Cabrera
- Center for Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences (LYC), Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, current affiliation: Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Rock Ethics Institutes, Pennsylvania State University; Weill Cornell Medicine (CYH), New York; American Academy of Neurology (TO), Minneapolis, MN; Bonnie and Tom Strauss Movement Disorders Center (JJ-S), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Institute (HS), Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Catherine Young Han
- Center for Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences (LYC), Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, current affiliation: Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Rock Ethics Institutes, Pennsylvania State University; Weill Cornell Medicine (CYH), New York; American Academy of Neurology (TO), Minneapolis, MN; Bonnie and Tom Strauss Movement Disorders Center (JJ-S), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Institute (HS), Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Tasha Ostendorf
- Center for Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences (LYC), Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, current affiliation: Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Rock Ethics Institutes, Pennsylvania State University; Weill Cornell Medicine (CYH), New York; American Academy of Neurology (TO), Minneapolis, MN; Bonnie and Tom Strauss Movement Disorders Center (JJ-S), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Institute (HS), Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Joohi Jimenez-Shahed
- Center for Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences (LYC), Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, current affiliation: Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Rock Ethics Institutes, Pennsylvania State University; Weill Cornell Medicine (CYH), New York; American Academy of Neurology (TO), Minneapolis, MN; Bonnie and Tom Strauss Movement Disorders Center (JJ-S), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Institute (HS), Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Harini Sarva
- Center for Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences (LYC), Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, current affiliation: Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Rock Ethics Institutes, Pennsylvania State University; Weill Cornell Medicine (CYH), New York; American Academy of Neurology (TO), Minneapolis, MN; Bonnie and Tom Strauss Movement Disorders Center (JJ-S), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; and Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Institute (HS), Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
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Hacker M, Cannard G, Turchan M, Meystedt J, Davis T, Phibbs F, Hedera P, Konrad P, Charles D. Early subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease reduces long-term medication costs. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 210:106976. [PMID: 34666273 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is recognized as a safe and effective treatment in mid- and advanced-staged Parkinson's disease (PD) that decreases the need for PD medications and their associated costs. This study reports medication costs from the only clinical trial to evaluate DBS in patients with early-stage PD and projects costs through advanced-stage disease. METHODS The DBS in early-stage PD pilot was a prospective, single-blind clinical trial that randomized 30 patients with early-stage PD 1:1 to receive bilateral STN-DBS plus optimal drug therapy (ODT) or ODT alone. Subjects who completed the trial participated in an observational follow-up study and were evaluated annually for five years after randomization. PD medication data collected at each study visit were used to calculate and project medication costs (n = 28). RESULTS Five-year cumulative medication cost reduction with early DBS+ODT was $28,246. Mean annual medication cost for early DBS+ODT subjects was 2.4 times lower than early ODT subjects (β = 2.4, 95%CI:1.5-3.7, p = 0.0004). Early DBS+ODT is projected to reduce cumulative medication costs by $104,958 over 15 years of disease duration. CONCLUSION DBS in early-stage PD may provide long-term medication cost reduction compared to standard care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory Hacker
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2201 Children's Way Suite 1221, Nashville, TN 37212.
| | - Grace Cannard
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Maxim Turchan
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Jacqueline Meystedt
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Thomas Davis
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Fenna Phibbs
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Peter Hedera
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Academic Offices, 500 South Preston St., HSC-A Bldg. Suite 113, Louisville, KY 40202, United States.
| | - Peter Konrad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave. So., T4224 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232-2380, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University, Room 4300 HSS, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States.
| | - David Charles
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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Sortwell CE, Hacker ML, Fischer DL, Konrad PE, Davis TL, Neimat JS, Wang L, Song Y, Mattingly ZR, Cole-Strauss A, Lipton JW, Charles PD. BDNF rs6265 Genotype Influences Outcomes of Pharmacotherapy and Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease. Neuromodulation 2021; 25:846-853. [PMID: 34288271 PMCID: PMC8770717 DOI: 10.1111/ner.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The efficacy of pharmacotherapy and deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in treating Parkinson's disease motor symptoms is highly variable and may be influenced by patient genotype. The relatively common (prevalence about one in three) and protein-altering rs6265 single nucleotide polymorphism (C > T) in the gene BDNF has been associated with different clinical outcomes with levodopa. OBJECTIVE We sought to replicate this reported association in early-stage Parkinson's disease subjects and to examine whether a difference in clinical outcomes was present with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen deep brain stimulation and 13 medical therapy subjects were followed for 24 months as part of the Vanderbilt DBS in Early Stage PD clinical trial (NCT00282152, FDA IDE #G050016). Primary outcome measures were the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39. RESULTS Outcomes with drug therapy in subjects carrying the rs6265 T allele were significantly worse following 12 months of treatment compared to C/C subjects (UPDRS: +20 points, p = 0.019; PDQ-39: +16 points, p = 0.018). In contrast, rs6265 genotype had no effect on overall motor response to subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation at any time point; further, rs6265 C/C subjects treated with stimulation were associated with worse UPDRS part II scores at 24 months compared to medical therapy. CONCLUSIONS Genotyping for the rs6265 polymorphism may be useful for predicting long-term response to drug therapy and counseling Parkinson's disease patients regarding whether to consider earlier subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. Validation in a larger cohort of early-stage Parkinson's disease subjects is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryl E Sortwell
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,Hauenstein Neuroscience Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Mallory L Hacker
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David Luke Fischer
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Peter E Konrad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas L Davis
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joseph S Neimat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lily Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yanna Song
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Zach R Mattingly
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Allyson Cole-Strauss
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Jack W Lipton
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,Hauenstein Neuroscience Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - P David Charles
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Hacker ML, Konrad PE, Davis TL, Charles D. Author Response: Deep Brain Stimulation in Early-Stage Parkinson Disease: Five-Year Outcomes. Neurology 2021; 96:592. [PMID: 33753529 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Sidiropoulos C. Reader Response: Deep Brain Stimulation in Early-Stage Parkinson Disease: Five-Year Outcomes. Neurology 2021; 96:591-592. [PMID: 33753528 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Das S, Matias CM, Ramesh S, Velagapudi L, Barbera JP, Katz S, Baldassari MP, Rasool M, Kremens D, Ratliff J, Liang TW, Wu C. Capturing Initial Understanding and Impressions of Surgical Therapy for Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2021; 12:605959. [PMID: 33746873 PMCID: PMC7970030 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.605959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an underutilized surgical therapy for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Both physician and patient hesitancies have been described as potential barriers to DBS, but the specifics of patient perceptions of DBS have not been well-characterized in the general PD population. Objective: To characterize the understanding and impressions of surgical therapy in PD patients prior to formal surgical evaluation. Methods: A 30-question survey assessing impressions of surgical therapy for PD and understanding of DBS for PD was administered to PD patients seen at an urban movement disorders clinic. Results: One hundred and two patients completed the survey. When asked if they would undergo a hypothetical risk-free, curative brain surgery for PD, 98 patients responded "yes." Patients were more agreeable to "reversible," "minimally-invasive," and "incisionless" surgery. 51.2% thought DBS is an "effective" treatment for PD, 76.6% thought it was "invasive," and 18.3% thought it was "reversible." 45.2% reported fear of being awake during DBS surgery. Regarding costs, 52.4% were concerned that DBS was "very expensive" or "not covered by insurance." Initial source of information and perceived treatment effectiveness were not associated with concerns about DBS effectiveness or threats to normality. Negative perceptions of past surgery were associated with concerns about DBS altering mood and personality. Conclusion: Overall, patients expressed concerns regarding procedural efficacy, invasiveness, cost, and irreversibility-independent of the original source of information. Future studies are required to allow us to better understand the impact of these initial findings on DBS hesitancy and underutilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Das
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Caio M. Matias
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sunidhi Ramesh
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lohit Velagapudi
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Julie P. Barbera
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Samantha Katz
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael P. Baldassari
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mohammad Rasool
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Daniel Kremens
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jeffrey Ratliff
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tsao-Wei Liang
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Chengyuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Bertholo AP, França C, Fiorini WS, Barbosa ER, Cury RG. Medical management after subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a phenotype perspective. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2020; 78:230-237. [PMID: 32294747 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20190188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) is an established treatment that improves motor fluctuations, dyskinesia, and tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD). After the surgery, a careful electrode programming strategy and medical management are crucial, because an imbalance between them can compromise the quality of life over time. Clinical management is not straightforward and depends on several perioperative motor and non-motor symptoms. In this study, we review the literature data on acute medical management after STN DBS in PD and propose a clinical algorithm on medical management focused on the patient's phenotypic profile at the perioperative period. Overall, across the trials, the levodopa equivalent daily dose is reduced by 30 to 50% one year after surgery. In patients taking high doses of dopaminergic drugs or with high risk of impulse control disorders, an initial reduction in dopamine agonists after STN DBS is recommended to avoid the hyperdopaminergic syndrome, particularly hypomania. On the other hand, a rapid reduction of dopaminergic agonists of more than 70% during the first months can lead to dopaminergic agonist withdrawal syndrome, characterized by apathy, pain, and autonomic features. In a subset of patients with severe dyskinesia before surgery, an initial reduction in levodopa seems to be a more reasonable approach. Finally, when the patient's phenotype before the surgery is the severe parkinsonism (wearing-off) with or without tremor, reduction of the medication after surgery can be more conservative. Individualized medical management following DBS contributes to the ultimate therapy success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Bertholo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia, Centro de Distúrbios do Movimento, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Carina França
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia, Centro de Distúrbios do Movimento, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Wilma Silva Fiorini
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Centro de Psicologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Egberto Reis Barbosa
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia, Centro de Distúrbios do Movimento, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Gisbert Cury
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia, Centro de Distúrbios do Movimento, São Paulo SP, Brazil
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Campos ACP, Kikuchi DS, Paschoa AFN, Kuroki MA, Fonoff ET, Hamani C, Pagano RL, Hernandes MS. Unraveling the Role of Astrocytes in Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in a Parkinson's Disease Rat Model. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:939-954. [PMID: 31939008 PMCID: PMC7295825 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective therapeutic strategy for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) when L-DOPA therapy induces disabling side effects. Classical inflammatory activation of glial cells is well established in PD, contributing to the progressive neurodegenerative state; however, the role of DBS in regulating the inflammatory response remains largely unknown. To understand the involvement of astrocytes in the mechanisms of action of DBS, we evaluated the effect of STN-DBS in regulating motor symptoms, astrocyte reactivity, and cytokine expression in a 6-OHDA-induced PD rat model. To mimic in vivo DBS, we investigate the effect of high-frequency stimulation (HFS) in cultured astrocytes regulating cytokine induction and NF-κB activation. We found that STN-DBS improved motor impairment, induced astrocytic hyperplasia, and reversed increased IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in the globus pallidus (GP) of lesioned rats. Moreover, HFS activated astrocytes and prevented TNF-α-induced increase of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and NF-κB activation in vitro. Our results indicate that DBS/HFS may act as a regulator of the inflammatory response in PD states, attenuating classical activation of astrocytes and cytokine induction, potentially through its ability to regulate NF-κB activation. These findings may help us understand the role of astrocyte signaling in HFS, highlighting its possible relationship with the effectiveness of DBS in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mayra Akemi Kuroki
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, 01308-060, Brazil
| | - Erich Talamoni Fonoff
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Clement Hamani
- Sunnybrook Health Research Institute, Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Rosana Lima Pagano
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, 01308-060, Brazil.
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14
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Hacker ML, Turchan M, Heusinkveld LE, Currie AD, Millan SH, Molinari AL, Konrad PE, Davis TL, Phibbs FT, Hedera P, Cannard KR, Wang L, Charles D. Deep brain stimulation in early-stage Parkinson disease: Five-year outcomes. Neurology 2020; 95:e393-e401. [PMID: 32601120 PMCID: PMC7455319 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report 5-year outcomes from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in early-stage Parkinson disease (PD) pilot clinical trial. METHODS The pilot was a prospective, single-blind clinical trial that randomized patients with early-stage PD (Hoehn & Yahr II off medications) to receive bilateral STN DBS plus optimal drug therapy (ODT) vs ODT alone (IDEG050016, NCT0282152, IRB040797). Participants who completed the 2-year trial participated in this observational follow-up study, which included annual outpatient visits through 5 years. This analysis includes 28 patients who were taking PD medications for 6 months to 4 years at enrollment. Outcomes were analyzed using both proportional odds logistic regression and linear mixed effects models. RESULTS Early STN DBS + ODT participants required lower levodopa equivalent daily doses (p = 0.04, β = -240 mg, 95% confidence interval [CI] -471 to -8) and had 0.06 times the odds of requiring polypharmacy at 5 years compared to early ODT participants (p = 0.01, odds ratio [OR] 0.06, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.65). The odds of having worse rest tremor for early STN DBS + ODT participants were 0.21 times those of early ODT participants (p < 0.001, OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.45). The safety profile was similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that early DBS reduces the need for and complexity of PD medications while providing long-term motor benefit over standard medical therapy. Further investigation is warranted, and the Food and Drug Administration has approved the conduct of a prospective, multicenter, pivotal clinical trial of DBS in early-stage PD (IDEG050016). CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that DBS implanted in early-stage PD decreases the risk of disease progression and polypharmacy compared to optimal medical therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory L Hacker
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Maxim Turchan
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lauren E Heusinkveld
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amanda D Currie
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sarah H Millan
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Anna L Molinari
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Peter E Konrad
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Thomas L Davis
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Fenna T Phibbs
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Peter Hedera
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kevin R Cannard
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Li Wang
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - David Charles
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.D.C., S.H.M., A.L.M., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.), Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), and Biostatistics (L.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda, MD
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15
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Ng JH, See AAQ, Xu Z, King NKK. Longitudinal medication profile and cost savings in Parkinson's disease patients after bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. J Neurol 2020; 267:2443-2454. [PMID: 32367298 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-09741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN DBS) has been shown to reduce antiparkinsonian medication in Parkinson's disease. We aimed to investigate the changes in long-term medication profile with STN DBS. METHODS Antiparkinsonian medication data for 56 patients were collected from as early as 3 years before STN DBS up to 10 years after. Cost spending on medication changes was analyzed. Mean levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) was projected 10 years into the future based on preoperative data to create a comparator group wherein the patients did not undergo STN DBS. Use of neuroleptics and antidepressants was also recorded. RESULTS LEDD requirement was significantly reduced by a mean of 31 ± 2% over 10 years after DBS, from 1049 ± 381 mg at pre-DBS baseline, to 713 ± 392 mg at 1 year post-DBS, and 712 ± 385 mg at 10 years post-DBS. This was associated with a mean reduction of 35 ± 3% in medicine cost. Modeled LEDD requirements for not having STN DBS were in the range of 1489 mg to 2721 mg at 10 years post-DBS (109-282% higher than the observed mean LEDD in DBS cohort). The proportion of patients increased from 5% before STN DBS to 14% at 10 year post-DBS for neuroleptics, and 11-23% for antidepressants. CONCLUSION STN DBS led to LEDD reduction and antiparkinsonian medication cost savings in our South-East Asian cohort. Medication reduction with STN DBS in our cohort over the 10-year period was comparable to those reported in Western populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Angela An Qi See
- Department of Neurosurgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Zheyu Xu
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Nicolas Kon Kam King
- Department of Neurosurgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore.
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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16
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Cabrera LY, Kelly-Blake K, Sidiropoulos C. Perspectives on Deep Brain Stimulation and Its Earlier Use for Parkinson's Disease: A Qualitative Study of US Patients. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10010034. [PMID: 31936218 PMCID: PMC7016580 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is being used earlier than was previously the case in the disease progression in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). To explore preferences about the timing of DBS, we asked PD patients with DBS whether they would have preferred the implantation procedure to have occurred earlier after diagnosis. Methods: Twenty Michigan-based patients were interviewed about both their experiences with DBS as well as their attitudes regarding the possible earlier use of DBS. We used a structured interview, with both closed and open-ended questions. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a mixed-methods approach. Results: We found that the majority of our participants (72%) had high overall satisfaction with DBS in addressing motor symptoms (mean of 7.5/10) and quality of life (mean of 8.25/10). Participants were mixed about whether they would have undergone DBS earlier than they did, with five participants being unsure and the remaining nearly equally divided between yes and no. Conclusion: Patient attitudes on the early use of DBS were mixed. Our results suggest that while patients were grateful for improvements experienced with DBS, they would not necessarily have endorsed its implementation earlier in their disease progression. Larger studies are needed to further examine our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Y. Cabrera
- Center of Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-517-355-755
| | - Karen Kelly-Blake
- Center of Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Christos Sidiropoulos
- Department of Neurology & Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
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17
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Mallach A, Weinert M, Arthur J, Gveric D, Tierney TS, Alavian KN. Post mortem examination of Parkinson's disease brains suggests decline in mitochondrial biomass, reversed by deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nucleus. FASEB J 2019; 33:6957-6961. [PMID: 30862197 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802628r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is the most commonly used surgical treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). The disease-modifying aspects of DBS at a cellular level are not fully understood, and the key question of the effect of DBS on the degeneration of the dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) remains to be answered. A major technical hurdle in determining any neuroprotective effect by DBS is its use in mid- to late-stage patients with PD when a majority of the DA neurons have been lost. In this work, we hypothesized that the long-term clinical benefits of DBS are, at least in part, due to a neuromodulatory effect on the SNpc neurons. These changes would affect cellular energetics and mitochondrial metabolism. We examined the number and volume of mitochondria as well as their vicinity to the DA presynaptic terminals postmortem caudate and putamen of 3 healthy individuals, 4 PD cases, and 3 DBS-treated patients. PD seems to have caused an increase in the mean distance between mitochondria and presynaptic terminals as well as a decrease in mean mitochondrial volume and numbers in DA projections. Although there was no difference in distance between mitochondria and presynaptic terminals of SNpc neurons in PD brains vs. DBS-treated brains, DBS treatment seemed to have inhibited or reversed the reduction in mitochondrial volume and numbers caused by PD. These results suggest enhanced metabolic plasticity leading to neuroprotection in the SNpc as a result of STN-DBS.-Mallach, A., Weinert, M., Arthur, J., Gveric, D., Tierney, T. S., Alavian, K. N. Post mortem examination of Parkinson's disease brains suggests decline in mitochondrial biomass, reversed by deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mallach
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Weinert
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joy Arthur
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Djordje Gveric
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Travis S Tierney
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurosurgery, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA; and
| | - Kambiz N Alavian
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.,Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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18
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Chen PJ. Will deep brain stimulation increase the incidence of induced psychosis? Post-operation follow-ups for 1 hundred patients from 2004-2017. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2018; 8:21. [PMID: 30474602 PMCID: PMC6254137 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2018080421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Generally regarding as a safe treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) for the past 20 years, deep brain stimulation (DBS) is also an example of precision medicine where surgeons need to titrate individual patient’s stimulating electrodes one by one down to the scale of micrometer for the maximum therapeutic effect. In order to prevent operation induced psychiatric complications and minimize any other potential side effects, we have followed 103 patients received this treatment provided by a single surgeon in the same medical institution from 2004 to 2017. We identified each patient complaint from nursing care records and complication data from medical charts during the perioperative hospitalization period to see if any of them correlate statistical significantly with the DBS lead placement procedure. Top five frequent complaints including fever, constipation, nausea, headache, wound pain. The majority of post-operative complaints turned out to be the same as general post-operative / post-anesthesia side effects rather than the DBS operation itself. However, a few rare but critical complications such as post-operative intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), postoperative epidural hematoma (EDH) were identified as well. These patients’ subsequent treatments and prognosis were documented for revising the operating procedure in the future. Our retrospective study reconfirmed that DBS is indeed a relatively safe procedure and improve the life quality of PD patients in general. Hopefully, the through preoperative preparation and careful surgical approach will safeguard the patient’s prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul-Jer Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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19
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Hacker ML, DeLong MR, Turchan M, Heusinkveld LE, Ostrem JL, Molinari AL, Currie AD, Konrad PE, Davis TL, Phibbs FT, Hedera P, Cannard KR, Drye LT, Sternberg AL, Shade DM, Tonascia J, Charles D. Effects of deep brain stimulation on rest tremor progression in early stage Parkinson disease. Neurology 2018; 91:e463-e471. [PMID: 29959266 PMCID: PMC6093763 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the progression of individual motor features was influenced by early deep brain stimulation (DBS), a post hoc analysis of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (UPDRS-III) score (after a 7-day washout) was conducted from the 2-year DBS in early Parkinson disease (PD) pilot trial dataset. METHODS The prospective pilot trial enrolled patients with PD aged 50-75 years, treated with PD medications for 6 months-4 years, and no history of dyskinesia or other motor fluctuations, who were randomized to receive optimal drug therapy (ODT) or DBS plus ODT (DBS + ODT). At baseline and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, all patients stopped all PD therapy for 1 week (medication and stimulation, if applicable). UPDRS-III "off" item scores were compared between the ODT and DBS + ODT groups (n = 28); items with significant between-group differences were analyzed further. RESULTS UPDRS-III "off" rest tremor score change from baseline to 24 months was worse in patients receiving ODT vs DBS + ODT (p = 0.002). Rest tremor slopes from baseline to 24 months favored DBS + ODT both "off" and "on" therapy (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, respectively). More ODT patients developed new rest tremor in previously unaffected limbs than those receiving DBS + ODT (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the possibility that DBS in early PD may slow rest tremor progression. Future investigation in a larger cohort is needed, and these findings will be tested in the Food and Drug Administration-approved, phase III, pivotal, multicenter clinical trial evaluating DBS in early PD. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that for patients with early PD, DBS may slow the progression of rest tremor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory L Hacker
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mahlon R DeLong
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Maxim Turchan
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lauren E Heusinkveld
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jill L Ostrem
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anna L Molinari
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Amanda D Currie
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peter E Konrad
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Thomas L Davis
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Fenna T Phibbs
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peter Hedera
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kevin R Cannard
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lea T Drye
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alice L Sternberg
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - David M Shade
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - James Tonascia
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - David Charles
- From the Departments of Neurology (M.L.H., M.T., L.E.H., A.L.M., A.D.C., T.L.D., F.T.P., P.H., D.C.) and Neurosurgery (P.E.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurology (M.R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (L.E.H.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center (J.L.O.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.R.C.), Walter Reed National Military Center, Bethesda; and Department of Epidemiology (L.T.D., A.L.S., D.M.S., J.T.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
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Cabrera LY, Goudreau J, Sidiropoulos C. Critical appraisal of the recent US FDA approval for earlier DBS intervention. Neurology 2018; 91:133-136. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In November 2015, Medtronic announced the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy in people with Parkinson disease (PD) “of at least 4 years duration and with recent onset motor complications, or motor complications of longer-standing duration that are not adequately controlled with medication.” The approval was based on data from the EARLYSTIM clinical trial, a randomized, prospective, multicenter, parallel-group clinical trial in Germany and France involving 251 patients with PD. While others have reviewed the application of DBS earlier in the disease course and the results from EARLYSTIM, we focus on the conceptual, scientific, clinical, ethical, and policy issues that arise regarding the recent FDA approval.
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Earlier Intervention with Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 2017:9358153. [PMID: 28951797 PMCID: PMC5603745 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9358153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuromodulation of subcortical areas of the brain as therapy to reduce Parkinsonian motor symptoms was developed in the mid-twentieth century and went through many technical and scientific advances that established specific targets and stimulation parameters. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) was approved by the FDA in 2002 as neuromodulation therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease, prompting several randomized controlled trials that confirmed its safety and effectiveness. The implantation of tens of thousands of patients in North America and Europe ignited research into its potential role in early disease stages and the therapeutic benefit of DBS compared to best medical therapy. In 2013 the EARLY-STIM trial provided Class I evidence for the use of DBS earlier in Parkinson's disease. This finding led to the most recent FDA approval in patients with at least 4 years of disease duration and 4 months of motor complications as an adjunct therapy for patients not adequately controlled with medications. This following review highlights the historical development and advances made overtime in DBS implantation, the current application, and the challenges that come with it.
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Comparison of Globus Pallidus Interna and Subthalamic Nucleus in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease: An Institutional Experience and Review. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 2017:3410820. [PMID: 28706748 PMCID: PMC5494569 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3410820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has revolutionized the lives of patients of Parkinson disease, offering therapeutic options to those not benefiting entirely from medications alone. With its proven track record of outperforming the best medical management, the goal is to unlock the full potential of this therapy. Currently, the Globus Pallidus Interna (GPi) and Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) are both viable targets for DBS, and the choice of site should focus on the constellation of symptoms, both motor and nonmotor, which are key determinants to quality of life. Our article sheds light on the specific advantages and drawbacks of the two sites, highlighting the need for matching the inherent properties of a target with specific desired effects in patients. UT Southwestern Medical Center has a robust and constantly evolving DBS program and the narrative from our center provides invaluable insight into the practical realities of DBS. The ultimate decision in selecting a DBS target is complex, ideally made by a multidisciplinary team, tailored towards each patient's profile and their expectations, by drawing upon scientific evidence coupled with experience. Ongoing research is expanding our knowledge base, which should be dynamically incorporated into an institute's DBS paradigm to ensure that patients receive the optimal therapy.
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Eijkholt M, Cabrera LY, Ramirez-Zamora A, Pilitsis JG. Shaking Up the Debate: Ensuring the Ethical Use of DBS Intervention Criteria for Mid-Stage Parkinson's Patients. Neuromodulation 2017; 20:411-416. [DOI: 10.1111/ner.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marleen Eijkholt
- Center for Ethics & Humanities in the Life Sciences; Michigan State University; Grand Rapids MI USA
| | - Laura Y. Cabrera
- Center for Ethics & Humanities in the Life Sciences; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
| | - Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora
- Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Julie G. Pilitsis
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical Center; Albany NY USA
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