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Berge V, Thyen U. [Effects of High Birth Weight on the Development of Preschoolers]. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2023; 227:448-465. [PMID: 37758195 DOI: 10.1055/a-2160-0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high birth weight above 4,000 g may lead to risks in the development of affected children. The association is less studied than the effects of very low birth weight and is the subject of this study. METHODS The retrospective study design used data from school entry surveys in Schleswig-Holstein (Germany) collected in 2014-2017 and included 88,858 children aged 5-6 years. End points examined were language, motor skills, cognition, and behavior; use of support measures; and recommendation for special educational needs. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between birth weight and the outcome measures, adjusting for sociodemographic factors. RESULTS After accounting for sociodemographic factors, high birth weight is not associated with impaired child development, whereas low birth weight emerges as a significant predictor. Across all birth weights, sociodemographic factors explain most of the variance in multivariate models of the influence of birth weight on child development. CONCLUSIONS Very high birth weight does not justify a general recommendation for support measures. Therefore, individual developmental trajectories should be monitored. Growing up in disadvantaged circumstances may represent a significant risk and should be a reason for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Berge
- UKSH Campus Lübeck, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ute Thyen
- UKSH Campus Lübeck, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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2
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Tessier B, Annesi-Maesano I, Cambonie G, Molinari N, Kalfa N. COVID-19 lockdown related to decrease in premature birth rate and increase in birth weight in metropolitan France. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1223692. [PMID: 37744451 PMCID: PMC10513386 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1223692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The worldwide rate of preterm birth (PTB) has been increasing over the last two decades. COVID-19 lockdowns provide a unique opportunity to assess the effects of socioenvironmental and lifestyle factors on premature birth and birth weight. We explored the effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on the PTB rate and birth weight at a nationwide scale in France until one year after their occurrence. Material and Methods This national retrospective observational study evaluated the rate of PTB and birth weight in France from January 2016 to December 2020. Data were obtained from the national Programme Médicalisé des Systèmes d'Information database. The rates of global and sub-categories of PTB were tested. The birth weight was studied before and after lockdown for all live births, for term and premature neonates, and for each category of low birth weight (LBW) by a stratified analysis. Results Data from 2,949,372 births from January 2016 to December 2019, including 228,857 PTB, were compared to those of 699,344 births and 51,886 PTB from January to December 2020. The national rate of PTB decreased significantly from 7.7% to 7.3%, when compared with the 2016-2019 period. This decrease was persistent up to 9 months later. It was observed only for moderate PTB, whereas very PTB and extremely PTB remained stable. The national mean birth weight for full-term babies increased after the lockdown and was still observable up to 8 months later (+0.16%, p < 0.0001). The proportion of children with LBW also decreased 2 months after lockdown (-0.15%; p = 0.02). For VLBW, the difference only appeared over the 6-month post-lockdown period (-0.06%; p = 0.006). Conclusion This nationwide study shows a significant reduction in prematurity and a significant increase in birth weight in France after the lockdown for a period of time not limited to the lockdown itself. A more in-depth study of the factors determining these variations may help to drive PTB prevention policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Tessier
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier—University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Debrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health IDESP, UMR INSERM—University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Debrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health IDESP, UMR INSERM—University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Cambonie
- Department of Neonatal Medicine and Pediatric Intensive Care, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHU Montpellier–University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Molinari
- Debrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health IDESP, UMR INSERM—University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Information, CHU Montpellier—University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Kalfa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier—University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Debrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health IDESP, UMR INSERM—University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Mildenberger E, Wackernagel D, Schuster AK, Fieß A, Winter J. [Changes in neonatal care : Implications for ophthalmological care]. DIE OPHTHALMOLOGIE 2023:10.1007/s00347-023-01874-w. [PMID: 37233804 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-023-01874-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm infants are at risk of characteristic, sometimes life-threatening diseases and development of deficits related to immaturity. In the field of ophthalmology, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and vision impairment reflect structural and functional disturbances in this large group of patients. In high income countries, more and more very immature preterm infants survive into adolescence and adulthood. OBJECTIVE To characterize the impact of an increasing number of surviving individuals born preterm on the provision of ophthalmological care in Germany. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature search and analysis of key figures and quality indicators published in national health registers were carried out. RESULTS Currently, about 60,000 preterm infants are born in Germany every year. Of these, approximately 3600 extremely immature preterm infants with a gestational age < 28 weeks are treated with a curative approach on neonatal units. The survival rate is around 80%. A rise in the proportion of infants suffering from severe ROP has not been observed in recent years in Germany. The incidences of other structural and functional visual impairments vary between 3% and 25% in high income countries. CONCLUSION The incidence of ROP apparently has not increased in Germany. However, specific peculiarities of the structure and function of the visual system of individuals born preterm have to be taken into account. Approximately 70,000 outpatient check-ups of infants and toddlers, who require both, ophthalmological and developmental neurological expertise, are estimated for Germany each year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mildenberger
- Sektion Neonatologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
| | - Dirk Wackernagel
- Sektion Neonatologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Alexander K Schuster
- Zentrum für ophthalmologische Epidemiologie und Versorgungsforschung, Augenklinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Achim Fieß
- Zentrum für ophthalmologische Epidemiologie und Versorgungsforschung, Augenklinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Julia Winter
- Sektion Neonatologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
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Tamene A, Habte A, Tagesse M, Sewalem ZW, Afework A. Using household survey data to explore the effects of the domiciliary environment on weight at birth: a multilevel mixed-effects analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:194. [PMID: 36941555 PMCID: PMC10026414 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with infant mortality and postpartum health complications. In previous studies, overall LBW has been found to be significantly associated with several sociodemographic factors, including ethnicity, maternal age, and family income. Few studies have evaluated the association between environmental risk factors and LBW rates. This study investigated the effect of pre-birth water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and housing conditions on self-reported low birth weight. METHODS The Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, which covered all administrative regions of Ethiopia from January to June 2016, provided data for this study. STATA version 16 was used to analyze 12,125 participants across weighted samples. Multivariable multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the effects of each factor on the outcome while accounting for data clustering. The adjusted odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to determine the statistical significance of the independent variables. RESULTS One thousand five hundred and seventeen newborns, or 12.59% [95% CI (10.2- 15.3)], had low birth weights. When other factors were taken into account, the following factors were significantly associated with low birth weight: not using small-scale water treatment technology before using water [AOR (95% CI) 1.36 (1.08-2.23)], burning solid fuels for energy [AOR (95% CI) 1.99 (1.60-2.21)], living in homes with natural wall coverings [AOR (95% CI) 1.81 (1.47-2.21)], using a shared latrine within a woman's housing complex or compound [AOR (95% CI) 1.63(1.06-2.25)], and living in peripheral, isolated regions [AOR (95% CI) 1.38 (1.06-2.21)]. CONCLUSION A little more than one out of every ten deliveries in Ethiopia was under normal (recommended) weight. This study shows that poor housing conditions and lack of household WASH infrastructure are independent predictors of poor birth outcomes among Ethiopian women, adding to the limited evidence that environmental factors within the domicile contribute to low birth weight. Interventions to address these issues may help lower the prevalence of LBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiggan Tamene
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosaena, Ethiopia.
| | - Aklilu Habte
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosaena, Ethiopia
| | - Mihretu Tagesse
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosaena, Ethiopia
| | - Zablon Wale Sewalem
- Department of Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Abel Afework
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Ceran B, Büyüktiryaki M, Okman E, Kadıoğlu Şimşek G, Kanmaz Kutman HG, Üstünyurt Konuk Z, Canpolat FE. Being Small for Gestational Age Affect Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants. GÜNCEL PEDIATRI 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/jcp.2022.05902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Bush A, Hilgendorff A. Editorial: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Past, Current and Future Pathophysiologic Concepts and Their Contribution to Understanding Lung Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:922631. [PMID: 35872795 PMCID: PMC9302436 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.922631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bush
- Imperial Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, London, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Center for Comprehensive Developmental Care (CDeC) at the Interdisciplinary Social Pediatric Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunology and Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Anne Hilgendorff
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Singer D. In Reply. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 119:144. [PMID: 35535725 PMCID: PMC9201460 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Singer
- Sektion Neonatologie und Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf
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Schmid C. A Sound Article That Is Relevant to Clinical Practice. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 119:144. [PMID: 35535724 PMCID: PMC9201457 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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Schouten E, Haupt J, Ramirez J, Sillett N, Nielsen C, Clarke A, Matkin L, Joseph A, Been J, Bolaños González I, Cheong J, Daly M, Kirpalani H, Mader S, Maria A, Matijasevich A, Mittal R, Mutesu-Kapembwa K, Vavouraki E, Webbe J, Wolke D, Zeitlin J, Flemmer A. Standardized Outcome Measures for Preterm and Hospitalized Neonates: An ICHOM Standard Set. Neonatology 2022; 119:443-454. [PMID: 35545018 PMCID: PMC9533443 DOI: 10.1159/000522318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately, one in ten infants is born preterm or requires hospitalization at birth. These complications at birth have long-term consequences that can extend into childhood and adulthood. Timely detection of developmental delay through surveillance could enable tailored support for these babies and their families. However, the possibilities for follow-up are limited, especially in middle- and low-income countries, and the tools to do so are either not available or too expensive. A standardized and core set of outcomes for neonates, with feasible tools for evaluation and follow-up, could result in improving quality, enhance shared decision-making, and enable global benchmarking. METHODS The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) convened an international working group, which was comprised of 14 health-care professionals (HCP) and 6 patient representatives in the field of neonatal care. An outcome set was developed using a three-round modified Delphi process, and it was endorsed through a patient representative-validation survey and an HCP survey. RESULTS A literature review revealed 1,076 articles and 26 registries which were screened for meaningful outcomes, patient-reported outcome measures, clinical measures, and case mix variables. This resulted in a neonatal set with 21 core outcomes covering three domains (physical, social, and mental functioning) and 14 tools to assess these outcomes at three timepoints. DISCUSSION This set can be implemented globally and it will allow comparison of outcomes across different settings and countries. The transparent consensus-driven development process which involved stakeholders and professionals from all over the world ensures global relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Schouten
- Divison of Neonatology, LMU University Children's Hospital, Dr. V. Hauner, Munich, Germany
| | - Johanna Haupt
- Divison of Neonatology, LMU University Children's Hospital, Dr. V. Hauner, Munich, Germany,
| | - Jessily Ramirez
- International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nick Sillett
- International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Nielsen
- International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Clarke
- International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Matkin
- International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Andria Joseph
- International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Jasper Been
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilein Bolaños González
- Con Amor Vencerás A.C., Mexico City, Mexico.,GLANCE (GLobal Alliance for Newborn CarE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jeanie Cheong
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mandy Daly
- Advocacy and Policymaking Institutional, Irish Neonatal Health Alliance, Co Wicklow, Ireland
| | - Haresh Kirpalani
- Emeritus, Neonatology, University Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Silke Mader
- European Foundation for the Care of Newborn Infants, Munich, Germany
| | - Arti Maria
- Department of Neonatology Institutional, ABVIMS &Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rashmi Mittal
- Department of Neonatology, K.K. Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kunda Mutesu-Kapembwa
- Department of Neonatology, Women and Newborn Hospital, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Eleni Vavouraki
- GLANCE (GLobal Alliance for Newborn CarE), Ilitominon, Greece
| | - James Webbe
- Section of Neonatal Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology and Division of Health Sciences (Warwick Medical School), University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Zeitlin
- EPOPé, INSERM, INRA, CRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Flemmer
- Divison of Neonatology, LMU University Children's Hospital, Dr. V. Hauner, Munich, Germany
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Li J, Li J, Zhang Y, Hu K, Chen N, Gao J, Hu J, Cui L, Chen ZJ. The Influence of the Vanishing Twin on the Perinatal Outcome of Surviving Singleton in IVF Pregnancy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:832665. [PMID: 35370987 PMCID: PMC8965091 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.832665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of the vanishing twin (VT) on the perinatal outcomes in the surviving singleton and further identify the susceptible window. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 636 survivors of a vanished co-twin and 11,148 singleton controls were enrolled. The exposed group was further divided into early VT (EVT, VT ≤13 weeks, N = 593) and late VT subgroups (LVT, VT >13 weeks, N = 43) according to the gestational age of the twin vanishing. All participants were conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF). Perinatal outcomes including gestational age, birthweight, and the incidence of preterm birth (PTB), low birthweight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, umbilical cord abnormality, jaundice of the newborn, and oligohydramnios were compared among the groups. RESULTS In our birth cohort, about 5.4% of all singleton deliveries originated from vanishing twin pregnancies. Compared with the singletons, both early and late VT pregnancy had a significantly lower birth weight (3337.57±532.24 g and 2916.05±526.07 g vs. 3446.15±526.07 g; p < 0.001 and p < 0.001), more frequent neonatal jaundice (47.0% and 60.5% vs. 40.6%; p = 0.002 and p = 0.008), and decreased incidence of umbilical cord abnormality (15.5% and 7.0% vs. 19.9%; p = 0.009 and p = 0.034). Newborns in the early VT group were more likely to manifest as SGA (5.4% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.002) and suffered oligohydramnios (5.4% vs. 3.4%; p = 0.008) than the primary singletons. In addition, the gestational age of late VT survivors was shorter than that of the controls (37.25 ± 3.25 vs. 39.04 ± 1.63, p = 0.001) and had a significantly higher risk of PTB (30.2% vs. 6.6%; p < 0.001) and NICU admission (27.9% vs. 9.4%, p < 0.001). All differences except for SGA maintain significance after adjusting for maternal age, BMI, and parity. CONCLUSIONS Singletons with a vanished co-twin had worse perinatal outcomes compared with the original singletons, with LVT burden even much on the survival one. Therefore, close monitoring during the perinatal period was suggested in this type of neonates. Moreover, elective single embryo transfer should also be fully considered which could tackle the problem at its root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kuona Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingmei Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jingmei Hu, ; Linlin Cui,
| | - Linlin Cui
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jingmei Hu, ; Linlin Cui,
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
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