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Li L, Jiang M, Wang W, Cao X, Ma Q, Han J, Liu Z, Huang Y, Chen Y. DNA demethylase TET2-mediated reduction of HADHB expression contributes to cadmium-induced malignant progression of colorectal cancer. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116579. [PMID: 38865940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to the cadmium (Cd) has been shown to be a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but the exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that chronic Cd (3 μM) exposure promoted the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion of CRC cells in vitro, as well as lung metastasis in vivo. RNA-seq and TCGA-COAD datasets revealed that decreased hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit beta (HADHB) expression may be a crucial factor in Cd-induced CRC progression. Further analysis using qRT-PCR and tissue microarrays from CRC patients showed that HADHB expression was significantly reduced in CRC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and low HADHB expression was associated with adverse clinical features and poor overall survival, either directly or through TNM stage. Furthermore, HADHB was found to play an important role in the Cd-induced malignant metastatic phenotype of CRC cells and lung metastasis in mice. Mechanistically, we discovered that chronic Cd exposure resulted in hypermethylation of the HADHB promoter region via inhibition of DNA demethylase tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2), which then led to decreased HADHB expression and activation of the FAK signaling pathway, and ultimately contributed to CRC progression. In conclusion, this study provided a new potential insight and evaluable biomarker for Cd exposure-induced CRC progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Li
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yixing People's Hospital, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Xingyue Cao
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Qun Ma
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Jingyi Han
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yefei Huang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Yansu Chen
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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2
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Li Z, Yan G, Yang M, Liu X, Lian Y, Sun M, Pan W. CBLC promotes the development of colorectal cancer by promoting ABI1 degradation to activate the ERK signaling pathway. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101992. [PMID: 38743987 PMCID: PMC11109901 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
CBLC (CBL proto-oncogene C) is an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase that plays a key role in cancers. However, the function and mechanism of CBLC in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of CBLC in CRC and its underlying molecular mechanism. High CBLC levels were certified in tumor tissues of CRC patients, and its expression was positively associated with TNM stage. Next, we explored the role of CBLC in CRC using gain or loss of function. For biological function analysis, CCK-8 cell proliferation, colony formation, flow cytometry, scratch, and transwell assays collectively suggested that CBLC overexpression promoted cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration and invasion. As observed, CBLC knockdown exhibited exactly opposite effects, resulting in impaired tumorigenicity in vitro. Xenograft studies displayed that CBLC overexpression accelerated tumor growth and promoted tumor metastasis to the lung, while the inhibitory effects of CBLC knockdown on tumorigenicity and metastasis ability of CRC cells was also confirmed. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of CBLC in CRC was explored. CBLC induced the activation of ERK signaling pathway, further leading to its pro-tumor role. Notably, CBLC decreased ABI1 (Abelson interactor protein-1, a candidate tumor suppressor) protein levels through its ubiquitin ligase activity, while ABI1 upregulation abolished the effects of CBLC on the tumorigenesis of CRC. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CBLC acts as a tumor promoter in CRC through triggering the ubiquitination and degradation of ABI1 and activating the ERK signaling pathway. CBLC may be a potential novel target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Liaoyang City Central Hospital, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guanyu Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiqi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xingwu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Lian
- General Hospital of Fuxin Mining Industry Group of Liaoning Health Industry Group, Fuxin, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Wenjun Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Liaoyang City Central Hospital, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Pundhir A, Sagar S, Singh P, Raman B. Echoes of images: multi-loss network for image retrieval in vision transformers. Med Biol Eng Comput 2024; 62:2037-2058. [PMID: 38436836 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-024-03055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel approach to enhance content-based image retrieval, validated on two benchmark datasets: ISIC-2017 and ISIC-2018. These datasets comprise skin lesion images that are crucial for innovations in skin cancer diagnosis and treatment. We advocate the use of pre-trained Vision Transformer (ViT), a relatively uncharted concept in the realm of image retrieval, particularly in medical scenarios. In contrast to the traditionally employed Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), our findings suggest that ViT offers a more comprehensive understanding of the image context, essential in medical imaging. We further incorporate a weighted multi-loss function, delving into various losses such as triplet loss, distillation loss, contrastive loss, and cross-entropy loss. Our exploration investigates the most resilient combination of these losses to create a robust multi-loss function, thus enhancing the robustness of the learned feature space and ameliorating the precision and recall in the retrieval process. Instead of using all the loss functions, the proposed multi-loss function utilizes the combination of only cross-entropy loss, triplet loss, and distillation loss and gains improvement of 6.52% and 3.45% for mean average precision over ISIC-2017 and ISIC-2018. Another innovation in our methodology is a two-branch network strategy, which concurrently boosts image retrieval and classification. Through our experiments, we underscore the effectiveness and the pitfalls of diverse loss configurations in image retrieval. Furthermore, our approach underlines the advantages of retrieval-based classification through majority voting rather than relying solely on the classification head, leading to enhanced prediction for melanoma - the most lethal type of skin cancer. Our results surpass existing state-of-the-art techniques on the ISIC-2017 and ISIC-2018 datasets by improving mean average precision by 1.01% and 4.36% respectively, emphasizing the efficacy and promise of Vision Transformers paired with our tailor-made weighted loss function, especially in medical contexts. The proposed approach's effectiveness is substantiated through thorough ablation studies and an array of quantitative and qualitative outcomes. To promote reproducibility and support forthcoming research, our source code will be accessible on GitHub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Pundhir
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Shivam Sagar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pradeep Singh
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Balasubramanian Raman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
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Badowski G, Teria R, Nagata M, Legaspi J, Dulana LJB, Bordallo R, Hernandez BY. Ethnic disparities in early-onset colorectal cancer incidence, screening rates and risk factors prevalence in Guam. Prev Med Rep 2024; 43:102774. [PMID: 38883927 PMCID: PMC11180343 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the four most common cancers and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Guam. This study investigated CRC incidence, screening, and risk factors of early onset CRC across Guam's ethnic groups using data from the Guam Cancer Registry (1998-2020) and the Guam Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2018-2019). Methods Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to compare incidence rates across different age groups stratified by sex, ethnicity, and stage. Incidence rate differences (IRDs) were used to test for significant differences across sex and ethnicity. The Pearson chi-square test was used to assess differences in CRC screening rates by age, sex, education, income, healthcare coverage, and ethnicity, and to examine ethnic group disparities in the prevalence of CRC risk factors. Results The steepest increase in CRC incidence was observed between the 35-39 and 40-44 age groups (IRR = 2.01; 95 % CI: 1.14-3.53) and between the 40-44 and 45-49 age groups (IRR = 1.99; 95 % CI: 1.34-2.97). CHamorus exhibited rate increases at younger ages compared to Filipinos. CRC screening prevalence and associated risk factors showed considerable variation among ethnicities. Conclusions Elevated early-onset CRC rates were observed for both CHamorus and the broader Guam population under 50. The findings support the new recommendation to begin screening at age 45 and efforts to increase screening in Guam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Badowski
- University of Guam, 303 University Drive, UOG Station, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA
| | - Rodney Teria
- University of Guam, 303 University Drive, UOG Station, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA
| | - Michelle Nagata
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Justin Legaspi
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Louis Jane B Dulana
- University of Guam, 303 University Drive, UOG Station, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA
| | - Renata Bordallo
- University of Guam, 303 University Drive, UOG Station, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA
| | - Brenda Y Hernandez
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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5
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Luo Y, Zhang G, Hu C, Huang L, Wang D, Chen Z, Wang Y. The Role of Natural Products from Herbal Medicine in TLR4 Signaling for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2024; 29:2727. [PMID: 38930793 PMCID: PMC11206024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway constitutes an intricate network of protein interactions primarily involved in inflammation and cancer. This pathway triggers intracellular signaling cascades, modulating transcription factors that regulate gene expression related to immunity and malignancy. Previous studies showed that colon cancer patients with low TLR4 expression exhibit extended survival times and the TLR4 signaling pathway holds a significant role in CRC pathogenesis. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have garnered substantial attention as an alternative therapeutic modality for CRC, primarily due to their multifaceted composition and ability to target multiple pathways. Emerging evidence indicates that specific TCM products, such as andrographolide, rosmarinic acid, baicalin, etc., have the potential to impede CRC development through the TLR4 signaling pathway. Here, we review the role and biochemical processes of the TLR4 signaling pathway in CRC, and natural products from TCMs affecting the TLR4 pathway. This review sheds light on potential treatment strategies utilizing natural TLR4 inhibitors for CRC, which contributes to the advancement of research and accelerates their clinical integration into CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Guochen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Chao Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China;
| | - Lijun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Zhejie Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
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6
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Yang H, Wu B, Yang Q, Tan T, Shang D, Chen J, Cao C, Xu C. Urolithin C suppresses colorectal cancer progression via the AKT/mTOR pathway. J Nat Med 2024:10.1007/s11418-024-01821-2. [PMID: 38849679 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Urolithin families are gut-microbial metabolites of ellagic acid (EA). Although urolithin A (UA) and urolithin B (UB) were reported to have antiproliferative activities in cancer cells, the role and related mechanisms of urolithin C (UC) in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not yet been clarified. In this study, we assess the antitumor activities of UC in vitro and in vivo and further explore the underlying mechanisms in CRC cell lines. We found that UC inhibited the proliferation and migration of CRC cells, induced apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase in vitro, and UC inhibited tumor growth in a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model in vivo. Mechanically, UC blocked the activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by decreasing the expression of Y-box binding protein 1(YBX1). The AKT agonist SC79 could reverse the suppression of cell proliferation in UC-treated CRC cells. In conclusion, our research revealed that UC could prevent the progression of CRC by blocking AKT/mTOR signaling, suggesting that it may have potential therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochi Yang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Binghuo Wu
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610047, China
- Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Centre, Chongqing, 400039, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Biotherapy Centre, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tian Tan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Dan Shang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610047, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610047, China
| | - Chenhui Cao
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610042, China.
| | - Chuan Xu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610047, China.
- Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Centre, Chongqing, 400039, China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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7
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Sakano Y, Matoba D, Noda T, Kobayashi S, Yamada D, Tomimaru Y, Takahashi H, Uemura M, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Clinical significance of ribosomal protein S15 expression in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2024. [PMID: 38838053 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver metastasis is the most frequently observed distant metastasis of colorectal cancer, and the residual liver recurrence rate after hepatic resection is still high. To explore the mechanism of liver metastasis to discover potential new treatments, we assessed the relationship between the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). METHODS The gene expression dataset was extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus. Significance analysis of DEGs between tumor and normal samples of colorectum, liver, and lung was conducted. A total of 80 CRLM patients were studied to assess the expression of RPS15, characteristics, and outcomes. We examined the relationships of RPS15 expression to cell viability and apoptosis in vitro and vivo. RESULTS Significance analysis identified 33 DEGs. In our cohorts, the overall survival rates were significantly lower in the high-RPS15-expression group, and high expression of RPS15 was an independent and unfavorable prognostic factor in recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Knockdown of RPS15 expression reduced the proliferative capacity of colorectal cancer cells and increased BAX-induced apoptotic cell death. CONCLUSIONS RPS15 expression is an independent prognostic factor for CRLM patients and might be a novel therapeutic target for CRLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Sakano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daijiro Matoba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takehiro Noda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tomimaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mamoru Uemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Li C, Yi J, Jie H, Liu Z, Li S, Zeng Z, Zhou Y. Acetylation of ELMO1 correlates with Rac1 activity and colorectal cancer progress. Exp Cell Res 2024; 439:114068. [PMID: 38750717 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Acetylation, a critical regulator of diverse cellular processes, holds significant implications in various cancer contexts. Further understanding of the acetylation patterns of key cancer-driven proteins is crucial for advancing therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment. This study aimed to unravel the acetylation patterns of Engulfment and Cell Motility Protein 1 (ELMO1) and its relevance to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry precisely identified lysine residue 505 (K505) as a central acetylation site in ELMO1. P300 emerged as the acetyltransferase for ELMO1 K505 acetylation, while SIRT2 was recognized as the deacetylase. Although K505 acetylation minimally affected ELMO1's localization and stability, it played a crucial role in mediating ELMO1-Dock180 interaction, thereby influencing Rac1 activation. Functionally, ELMO1 K505 acetylation proved to be a pivotal factor in CRC progression, exerting its influence on key cellular processes. Clinical analysis of CRC samples unveiled elevated ELMO1 acetylation in primary tumors, indicating a potential association with CRC pathologies. This work provides insights into ELMO1 acetylation and its significance in advancing potentially therapeutic interventions in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangkun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Jianmei Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Haiqing Jie
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihang Liu
- The "Double-First Class" Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Clinical Medicine), Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Zeng
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China.
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9
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Ma X, Yang Q, Lin N, Feng Y, Liu Y, Liu P, Wang Y, Deng H, Ding H, Chen H. Integrated anti-vascular and immune-chemotherapy for colorectal carcinoma using a pH-responsive polymeric delivery system. J Control Release 2024; 370:230-238. [PMID: 38643937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has become one of the most prevalent malignant tumors and exploring a potential therapeutic strategy with diminished drug-associated adverse effects to combat CRC is urgent. Herein, we designed a pH-responsive polymer to efficiently encapsulate a stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist (5,6- dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid, termed ASA404) and a common clinically used chemotherapeutic agent (1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil, termed HCFU). Investigations in vitro demonstrated that polymer encapsulation endowed the system with a pH-dependent disassembly behavior (pHt 6.37), which preferentially selected cancerous cells with a favorable dose reduction (dose reduction index (DRI) of HCFU was 4.09). Moreover, the growth of CRC in tumor-bearing mice was effectively suppressed, with tumor suppression rates up to 94.74%, and a combination index (CI) value of less than one (CI = 0.41 for CT26 cell lines), indicating a significant synergistic therapeutic effect. Histological analysis of the tumor micro-vessel density and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests indicated that the system increased TNF-α and IFN-β levels in serum. Therefore, this research introduces a pH-responsive polymer-based theranostic platform with great potential for immune-chemotherapeutic and anti-vascular combination therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Nuo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yushuo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Peifei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yiru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huaping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haizhen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hongmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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10
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Dakal TC, Dhabhai B, Pant A, Moar K, Chaudhary K, Yadav V, Ranga V, Sharma NK, Kumar A, Maurya PK, Maciaczyk J, Schmidt‐Wolf IGH, Sharma A. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes: functions and roles in cancers. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e582. [PMID: 38827026 PMCID: PMC11141506 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, being the most formidable ailment, has had a profound impact on the human health. The disease is primarily associated with genetic mutations that impact oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). Recently, growing evidence have shown that X-linked TSGs have specific role in cancer progression and metastasis as well. Interestingly, our genome harbors around substantial portion of genes that function as tumor suppressors, and the X chromosome alone harbors a considerable number of TSGs. The scenario becomes even more compelling as X-linked TSGs are adaptive to key epigenetic processes such as X chromosome inactivation. Therefore, delineating the new paradigm related to X-linked TSGs, for instance, their crosstalk with autosome and involvement in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis becomes utmost importance. Considering this, herein, we present a comprehensive discussion of X-linked TSG dysregulation in various cancers as a consequence of genetic variations and epigenetic alterations. In addition, the dynamic role of X-linked TSGs in sex chromosome-autosome crosstalk in cancer genome remodeling is being explored thoroughly. Besides, the functional roles of ncRNAs, role of X-linked TSG in immunomodulation and in gender-based cancer disparities has also been highlighted. Overall, the focal idea of the present article is to recapitulate the findings on X-linked TSG regulation in the cancer landscape and to redefine their role toward improving cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tikam Chand Dakal
- Department of BiotechnologyGenome and Computational Biology LabMohanlal Sukhadia UniversityUdaipurRajasthanIndia
| | - Bhanupriya Dhabhai
- Department of BiotechnologyGenome and Computational Biology LabMohanlal Sukhadia UniversityUdaipurRajasthanIndia
| | - Anuja Pant
- Department of BiochemistryCentral University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia
| | - Kareena Moar
- Department of BiochemistryCentral University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia
| | - Kanika Chaudhary
- School of Life Sciences. Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiIndia
| | - Vikas Yadav
- School of Life Sciences. Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiIndia
| | - Vipin Ranga
- Dearptment of Agricultural BiotechnologyDBT‐NECAB, Assam Agricultural UniversityJorhatAssamIndia
| | | | - Abhishek Kumar
- Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology ParkBangaloreIndia
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of BiochemistryCentral University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia
| | - Jarek Maciaczyk
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Ingo G. H. Schmidt‐Wolf
- Department of Integrated OncologyCenter for Integrated Oncology (CIO)University Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of BonnBonnGermany
- Department of Integrated OncologyCenter for Integrated Oncology (CIO)University Hospital BonnBonnGermany
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11
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Garrett C, Koh CE, Solomon MJ, Steffens D. The health-related quality of life of early-onset colorectal cancer patients: an Australian cross-sectional study. Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:1166-1174. [PMID: 38745343 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) patients are more likely to have advanced disease and undergo more aggressive treatment modalities. However, current literature investigating the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of EOCRC patients is scarce. This study aimed to determine the HRQoL of an Australian cohort of EOCRC patients including a subset who underwent pelvic exenteration (PE) or cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). METHOD A cross-sectional study of EOCRC patients treated at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Australia was performed. Patients were divided into groups based on the time interval from their index operation: ≤2 years and >2 years. HRQoL was evaluated using the SF-36v2 questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 50 patients were included. For patients ≤2 years from surgery, the median physical component summary (PCS) and mental health component summary (MCS) scores were 53.3 (36.4-58.9) and 47.3 (37.5-55.7). In the >2 years group, the median PCS and MCS scores were 50.6 (43.3-57.7) and 50.2 (39.04-56.2), respectively. Stage I (vs. stage II) disease and emergency (vs. elective) surgery conferred poorer PCS scores in patients ≤2 years from surgery. No other variables impacted PCS or MCS scores in EOCRC patients in either group. CONCLUSIONS HRQoL of EOCRC patients was equivocal to the Australian population. Having an earlier stage of diagnosis and emergency index operation was associated with poorer levels of physical functioning in patients ≤2 years from surgery. However, because of the limitations of this study, these findings require validation in future large-scale prospective research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Garrett
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH), Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cherry E Koh
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH), Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Academic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael J Solomon
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH), Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Academic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Steffens
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH), Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Academic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Han J, Wang Q, Li S, Yang J, Qiu Z, Fu W. Comprehensive analysis of basement membrane-related gene based on single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data to predict prognosis and evaluate immune characteristics in colorectal cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3367-3380. [PMID: 38445432 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Basement membrane-related genes (BMs) participate in regulating cell polarity, invasion, metastasis, and survival across different tumor types. Nevertheless, the specific functions of BMs in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain uncertain. METHODS To investigate the clinical relevance of BMs in CRC, we retrieved both gene expression and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets for subsequent analysis. The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curve was employed to evaluate prognosis in high- and low-risk groups. Furthermore, additional analyses, including nomogram construction, functional enrichment, examination of the tumor immune microenvironment, prediction of small-molecule drugs, and more, were conducted to delve into the significance of BM-related signatures in CRC. Single-cell data from seven CRC patients were obtained from the TISCH2 database, and expression validation and cell source exploration of BM-related signatures were performed. Lastly, the expression and function of TIMP1, a key gene in BMs that may play a role in the progression of CRC, was validated in vitro through a series of basic experiments. RESULTS We constructed a seven BMs-based model to categorize CRC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. K-M survival analysis indicated a poorer prognosis for high-risk CRC patients. Cox regression analysis further identified the risk score as an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients. The nomogram model exhibited superior discrimination and calibration abilities of CRC patients. Based on the results from GO/KEGG and GSEA, genes in the high-risk subgroup were implicated in immune-related pathways and exhibited a positive correlation with immune checkpoints. In single-cell data, we found that TIMP1 is highly expressed in many cells, especially in malignant tumor cells. We also observed up-regulation of TIMP1 in CRC cell lines, promoting cancer invasion and migration in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our study has discovered a novel prognostic index derived from BM-related genes in CRC patients. Specifically, the new model enables patient stratification, improving the selection of individuals likely to benefit from immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Hospital of TCM, Shuyang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qipeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Hospital of TCM, Shuyang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shangshang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Hospital of TCM, Shuyang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Hospital of TCM, Shuyang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengcai Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shuyang Hospital of TCM, Shuyang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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13
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Wang M, Su X, Hu Y, Yang J. Trends in cancer mortality among the elderly in China, 2005-2035. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302903. [PMID: 38809949 PMCID: PMC11135761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the appearance and aggravation of the aging society, cancer has become one of the major problems that threaten the life and health of Chinese residents seriously. OBJECTIVE To explore the cancer epidemiological characteristics among the elderly in China from 2005 to 2016, and to provide strategies for cancer prevention and treatment. METHODS Stratified analysis was conducted on the cancer mortality data of the elderly aged ≥60 years in China, which were selected from the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report. Joinpoint regression model was used to calculted average annual percentage change (AAPC) to estimate the time trends. Age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to explore the age, period and birth cohort effect on the risk of cancer death. Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was used to predict trends in cancer mortality among elderly by gender and region to 2035. RESULTS 2005-2016, cancer mortality in the elderly in China showed a decreasing trend (AAPC = -1.2%, P<0.001). Cancer mortality in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas, but the urban-rural difference gradually narrowed (t = 6.1, P<0.01). The APC model showed that cancer mortality increased with age. The relative risk (RR) for the period effect decreased. RR was lower for the later- born cohort than that for the earlier-born cohort in rural areas. Lung cancer mortality ranked first in both male and female, and showed an increasing trend among female in the 60-64, 80-84 and ≥85 age groups (AAPC60-64 = 1.0%, AAPC80-84 = 0.8%, AAPC≥85 = 2.0%, all P<0.05). By 2035, cancer mortality for the elderly was predicted to decline nationally, by sex and in rural areas, while rising in urban areas. CONCLUSION Cancer mortality in the elderly in China showed a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2016, but it was still higher than the world average. Early cancer screening is important, especially in the elderly male and in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Wang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xunli Su
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yunhua Hu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jian Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Dastsooz H, Anselmi F, Lauria A, Cicconetti C, Proserpio V, Mohammadisoleimani E, Firoozi Z, Mansoori Y, Haghi-Aminjan H, Caizzi L, Oliviero S. Involvement of N4BP2L1, PLEKHA4, and BEGAIN genes in breast cancer and muscle cell development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1295403. [PMID: 38859961 PMCID: PMC11163233 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1295403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with breast cancer show altered expression of genes within the pectoralis major skeletal muscle cells of the breast. Through analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-breast cancer (BRCA), we identified three previously uncharacterized putative novel tumor suppressor genes expressed in normal muscle cells, whose expression was downregulated in breast tumors. We found that NEDD4 binding protein 2-like 1 (N4BP2L1), pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 4 (PLEKHA4), and brain-enriched guanylate kinase-associated protein (BEGAIN) that are normally highly expressed in breast myoepithelial cells and smooth muscle cells were significantly downregulated in breast tumor tissues of a cohort of 50 patients with this cancer. Our data revealed that the low expression of PLEKHA4 in patients with menopause below 50 years correlated with a higher risk of breast cancer. Moreover, we identified N4BP2L1 and BEGAIN as potential biomarkers of HER2-positive breast cancer. Furthermore, low BEGAIN expression in breast cancer patients with blood fat, heart problems, and diabetes correlated with a higher risk of this cancer. In addition, protein and RNA expression analysis of TCGA-BRCA revealed N4BP2L1 as a promising diagnostic protein biomarker in breast cancer. In addition, the in silico data of scRNA-seq showed high expression of these genes in several cell types of normal breast tissue, including breast myoepithelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Thus, our results suggest their possible tumor-suppressive function in breast cancer and muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Dastsooz
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- IIGM-Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo Cancer (IT), Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Anselmi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Lauria
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Cicconetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Proserpio
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Zahra Firoozi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Hamed Haghi-Aminjan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Livia Caizzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Oliviero
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- IIGM-Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo Cancer (IT), Torino, Italy
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15
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Zaika V, Prakash MK, Cheng CY, Schlander M, Lang BM, Beerenwinkel N, Sonnenberg A, Krupka N, Misselwitz B, Poleszczuk J. Optimal timing of a colonoscopy screening schedule depends on adenoma detection, adenoma risk, adherence to screening and the screening objective: A microsimulation study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304374. [PMID: 38787836 PMCID: PMC11125540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Colonoscopy-based screening provides protection against colorectal cancer (CRC), but the optimal starting age and time intervals of screening colonoscopies are unknown. We aimed to determine an optimal screening schedule for the US population and its dependencies on the objective of screening (life years gained or incidence, mortality, or cost reduction) and the setting in which screening is performed. We used our established open-source microsimulation model CMOST to calculate optimized colonoscopy schedules with one, two, three or four screening colonoscopies between 20 and 90 years of age. A single screening colonoscopy was most effective in reducing life years lost from CRC when performed at 55 years of age. Two, three and four screening colonoscopy schedules saved a maximum number of life years when performed between 49-64 years; 44-69 years; and 40-72 years; respectively. However, for maximum incidence and mortality reduction, screening colonoscopies needed to be scheduled 4-8 years later in life. The optimum was also influenced by adenoma detection efficiency with lower values for these parameters favoring a later starting age of screening. Low adherence to screening consistently favored a later start and an earlier end of screening. In a personalized approach, optimal screening would start earlier for high-risk patients and later for low-risk individuals. In conclusion, our microsimulation-based approach supports colonoscopy screening schedule between 45 and 75 years of age but the precise timing depends on the objective of screening, as well as assumptions regarding individual CRC risk, efficiency of adenoma detection during colonoscopy and adherence to screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Zaika
- Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Meher K. Prakash
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Center for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, India
| | - Chih-Yuan Cheng
- Division of Health Economics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Schlander
- Division of Health Economics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Brian M. Lang
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Niko Beerenwinkel
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amnon Sonnenberg
- The Portland VA Medical Center, P3-GI, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Niklas Krupka
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Misselwitz
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Poleszczuk
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Computational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Cao L, Zhang L, Chen B, Yan L, Shi X, Tian L. Application of multimodal standardized analgesia under the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery in laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1381809. [PMID: 38835370 PMCID: PMC11148287 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1381809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims To observe the efficacy and safety of multimodal standardized analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery. Methods A prospective, double-blind, randomized study of patients who were admitted to our hospital between December 2020 and March 2022 with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer and who intended to undergo elective laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery was conducted. The participants were randomly divided into two intervention groups, namely, a multimodal standardized analgesia group and a routine analgesia group. In both groups, the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores while resting at 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h and during movement at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h; the number of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) pump button presses and postoperative recovery indicators within 3 days after surgery; the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels on the 1st and 4th days after surgery; and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions and complications were recorded. Results Compared with the control group, the multimodal standardized analgesia group had significantly lower VAS pain scores at different time points while resting and during movement (P<0.05), significantly fewer PCIA pump button presses during the first 3 postoperative days (P<0.05), and significantly lower IL-6 and CRP levels on the 1st postoperative day (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the time to out-of-bed activity, the time to first flatus, the IL-6 and CRP levels on the 4th postoperative day or the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions and complications between the two groups (P >0.05). Conclusion For patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery, multimodal standardized analgesia with ropivacaine combined with parecoxib sodium and a PCIA pump had a better analgesic effect, as it effectively inhibited early postoperative inflammatory reactions and promoted postoperative recovery and did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions and complications. Therefore, it is worthy of widespread clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Functional Examination, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Likun Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianpeng Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Lifei Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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17
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Li M, Gong Y, Pang Y, Wu M, Gu K, Wang Y, Guo Y. A novel colorectal cancer screening framework with feature interpretability to identify high-risk populations for colonoscopy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 38744680 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Risk assessment is of paramount importance for the detection and treatment of colorectal cancer. We developed and validated a feature interpretability screening framework to identify high-risk populations and recommend colonoscopy for them. METHODS We utilized a training cohort consisting of 1 252 605 participants who underwent colonoscopies in Shanghai from 2013 to 2015 to develop the screening framework. We incorporated Shapley additive explanation values into feature selection to provide interpretability for the framework. Two sampling methods were separately employed to mitigate potential model bias caused by class imbalance. Furthermore, we employed various machine learning algorithms to construct risk assessment models and compared their performance. We tested the screening models on an external validation cohort of 359 462 samples and conducted comprehensive evaluation and statistical analysis of the validation results. RESULTS The external validation results demonstrated that the models in the proposed framework achieved sensitivity over 0.734, specificity over 0.790, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranging from 0.808 to 0.859. In the predictions of the best-performing model, the prevalence rates of colorectal cancer were 0.059% and 1.056% in the low- and high-risk groups, respectively. If colonoscopies were performed only on the high-risk group predicted by the model, only 14.36% of total colonoscopies would be needed to detect 74.86% of colorectal cancer cases. CONCLUSIONS We developed and validated a novel framework to identify populations at high risk for colorectal cancer. Those classified as high risk should undergo colonoscopy for further diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangming Gong
- Divison of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Pang
- Divison of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyin Wu
- Divison of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Divison of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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18
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Liu D, Shen M, Liu Z, Chen D, Pan Y, Zhang L, Xu X. SP1-induced circ_0017552 modulates colon cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis via up-regulation of NET1. Cancer Genet 2024; 286-287:1-10. [PMID: 38810361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is a common malignancy over the world and its morbidity and mortality significantly went up in China in recent years. Molecular functions in cancers have gradually been the pivot subject in cancer research. Neuroepithelial cell transforming 1 (NET1) was reported to contribute to prostate cancer and gastric cancer. Our study figured out that NET1 was overexpressed in CC cells. Then, loss-of-function assays revealed that NET1 facilitated CC cell proliferation and repressed CC cell apoptosis. Next, miR-338-3p was confirmed to target NET1. After that, we verified that circ_0017552 which originates from NET1 could positively modulate NET1 expression. Besides, circ_0017552 was a sponge of miR-338-3p. Rescue assays' results demonstrated that circ_0017552 could regulate CC cell proliferation and apoptosis through up-regulation of NET1. A transcription factor named Sp1 (SP1) was found to be present in circ_0017552. SP1 induced transcription of circ_0017552 to facilitate CC cell proliferation and inhibit CC cell apoptosis. In a word, SP1-induced circ_0017552 regulated CC cell proliferation and apoptosis through miR-338-3p/NET1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daocheng Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou 311199, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Minmin Shen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou 311199, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou 311199, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou 311199, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Yuan Pan
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou 311199, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou 311199, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou 311199, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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19
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Klekowski J, Chabowski M. Nutritional Strategy for Cancer-From Prevention to Aftercare. Nutrients 2024; 16:1437. [PMID: 38794675 PMCID: PMC11123879 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a noteworthy increase in the efficacy of oncological treatments for a variety of neoplasms, which has improved the overall results and survival rates in cancer therapy [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Klekowski
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Division of Anesthesiological and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Surgery, 4th Military Clinical Hospital, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Chabowski
- Department of Surgery, 4th Military Clinical Hospital, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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20
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Song J, Kataoka K, Inoue M, Yamada T, Shiozawa M, Beppu N, Kuriyama S, Suto T, Matsuhashi N, Sakura Y, Kanazawa A, Kagawa H, Kanemitsu Y, Ceelen W, Ikeda M. Lymphatic spread patterns in young versus elderly patients with stage III colon cancer. BJS Open 2024; 8:zrae036. [PMID: 38818960 PMCID: PMC11140818 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anatomical pattern of lymph nodes spread differs between young (aged 45 years or younger) and elderly (aged 80 years or older) patients with stage III colon cancer and is poorly investigated. METHODS Two groups of patients (young and elderly) with stage III colon cancer who underwent upfront extensive (D3) lymphadenectomy at eight Japanese centres between 1998 and 2018 were retrospectively analysed. The primary endpoint was the proportion of positive central lymph nodes. The lymph nodes spreading pattern and its prognostic impact on recurrence-free survival and overall survival in the two groups were also compared. RESULTS Two hundred and ten young patients and 348 elderly patients were identified and compared. The total number of lymph nodes harvested and the total number of invaded lymph nodes were significantly higher in younger patients compared with elderly patients (median of 31.5 (3-151) versus 21 (3-116), P < 0.001 and median of 3 (1-21) versus 2 (1-25), P < 0.001 respectively). The proportion of positive central lymph nodes were higher in younger patients than in elderly patients (9.52% (95% c.i. 6.24 to 14.2%) versus 4.59% (95% c.i. 2.84 to 7.31%), P = 0.012). In multivariate models for recurrence-free survival, central lymph nodes invasion were identified as a poor prognostic factor in younger patients (HR 5.21 (95% c.i. 1.76 to 15.39)) but not in elderly patients (HR 1.73 (95% c.i. 0.80 to 3.76)). CONCLUSION Young patients with stage III colon cancer have a higher risk of central lymph nodes invasion, suggesting a more aggressive disease biology. The presence of central lymph nodes invasion are associated with a worse outcome in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyung Song
- Division of Lower GI, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kozo Kataoka
- Division of Lower GI, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Manabu Inoue
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Billiary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Shiozawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naohito Beppu
- Division of Lower GI, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Sho Kuriyama
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Billiary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Matsuhashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery/Pediatric Surgery, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kanazawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kagawa
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shunto-gun, Japan
| | - Yukihide Kanemitsu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wim Ceelen
- Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Masataka Ikeda
- Division of Lower GI, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
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21
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Xie H, Wei L, Wang Q, Tang S, Gan J. Elevated serum homocysteine levels associated with poor recurrence-free and overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10057. [PMID: 38698172 PMCID: PMC11066114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the significance of homocysteine (HCY) levels in predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This retrospective study involved 1272 CRC patients. The risk of mortality increased with increasing HCY levels in CRC patients. The optimal HCY cutoff value in CRC patients was 15.2 μmol/L. The RFS (45.8% vs. 60.5%, p < 0.001) and OS (48.2% vs. 63.2%, p < 0.001) of patients with high HCY levels were significantly lower than those of patients with low HCY levels. Patients with high HCY levels were older, male, had large tumours, high carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, and long hospital stays, and incurred high hospitalisation costs. Multivariate analysis showed that when HCY levels exceeded 15.2 μmol/L, the risk of adverse RFS and OS increased by 55.7% and 61.4%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that HCY levels could supplement CEA levels and pathological staging. We constructed HCY-based prognostic nomograms, which demonstrated feasible discrimination and calibration values better than the traditional tumour, node, metastasis staging system for predicting RFS and OS. Elevated serum HCY levels were strongly associated with poor RFS and OS in CRC patients. HCY-based prognostic models are effective tools for a comprehensive evaluation of prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishuang Wei
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Disease Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jialiang Gan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Chen N, He L, Zou Q, Deng H. HER2 targeted therapy in colorectal Cancer: Current landscape and future directions. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116101. [PMID: 38442793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of tumor-related deaths globally. Despite recent improvements in the comprehensive therapy of malignancy, metastatic CRC continues to have a poor prognosis. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an established oncogenic driver, which is successfully targeted for breast and gastric cancers. Approximately 5% of CRC patients carry somatic HER2 mutations or gene amplification. In 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have approved trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic CRC. This approval marked a significant milestone in the treatment of CRC, as HER2-positive patients now have access to targeted therapies that can improve their outcomes. Yet, assessment for HER2 overexpression/ amplification in CRC has not been standardized. The resistance mechanisms to anti-HER2 therapy have been not clearly investigated in CRC. Although many unknowns remain, an improved understanding of these anti-HER2 agents will be essential for advanced CRC. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of HER2 in CRC as an oncogenic driver, a prognostic and predictive biomarker, and a clinically actionable target, as well as the current progress and challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Center of Science and Research, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Center of Science and Research, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China.
| | - Hongxin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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23
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Kobritz M, Nofi CP, Egunsola A, Zimmern AS. Financial toxicity in early-onset colorectal cancer: A National Health Interview Survey study. Surgery 2024; 175:1278-1284. [PMID: 38378347 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Financial toxicity is increasingly recognized as a devastating outcome of cancer treatment but is poorly characterized in patients with early-onset colorectal cancer. Young patients are particularly vulnerable to financial toxicity as they are frequently underinsured and may suffer significant disruptions to professional and financial growth. We hypothesized that financial toxicity associated with colorectal cancer treatment confers long-lasting effects on patients' well-being and disproportionately impacts patients diagnosed at <50 years of age. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the National Health Interview Survey from years 2019 to 2021 was performed. Patients with a history of colorectal cancer were included and stratified by age at diagnosis. Randomly selected age-matched controls with no cancer history were used for comparison. The primary endpoint was financial toxicity, as assessed by a composite score formulated from 12 National Health Interview Survey items. The secondary endpoint was food security assessed by the United States Department of Agriculture's food security scale, embedded in the National Health Interview Survey. RESULTS When compared to age-matched controls, patients with colorectal cancer experienced significant financial toxicity, as reflected by a composite financial toxicity score (P = .027). Within patients with colorectal cancer, female sex (adjusted odds ratio = 1.46, P = .046) and early-onset disease (adjusted odds ratio = 2.11, P = .002) were found to significantly increase the risk of financial toxicity. Patients with early-onset colorectal cancer more frequently experienced food insecurity (P = .011), delayed necessary medical care (P = .053), mental health counseling (P = .043), and filling prescriptions (P = .007) due to cost when compared to patients with average-onset colorectal cancer. CONCLUSION Colorectal cancer is associated with significant long-term financial toxicity, which disproportionately impacts patients diagnosed at <50 years of age. Targeted interventions are warranted to reduce financial toxicity for patients with high-risk colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Kobritz
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY; Department of Surgery, Northwell-North Shore/Long Island Jewish, Manhasset, NY.
| | - Colleen P Nofi
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY; Department of Surgery, Northwell-North Shore/Long Island Jewish, Manhasset, NY
| | - Adekemi Egunsola
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY; Department of Surgery, Northwell-North Shore/Long Island Jewish, Manhasset, NY
| | - Andrea S Zimmern
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY; Department of Surgery, Northwell-North Shore/Long Island Jewish, Manhasset, NY
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24
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Yang H, Zhou L. The urinary and sexual outcomes of robot-assisted versus laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Today 2024; 54:397-406. [PMID: 36943447 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-023-02671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
To compare the urinary and sexual outcomes between robot-assisted rectal cancer (RC) surgery (RRCS) and laparoscopic RC surgery (LRCS) using a meta-analysis, searches were conducted of the Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was the primary outcome. Eleven studies (790 patients with RRCS and 888 with LRCS) were included. The IPSS scores were significantly lower for RRCS than LRCS from baseline to 3 months (weighted mean difference [WMD] = - 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: - 1.8,-0.62, I2 = 89.9%), to 6 months (WMD = - 1.13, 95% CI: - 1.74, - 0.52, I2 = 93.3%), and to 12 months (WMD = - 0.93, 95% CI: - 1.59, - 0.26, I2 = 93.8%). The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores were significantly higher for RRCS than LRCS from baseline to 3 months (WMD = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.28, 5.44, I2 = 92.7%). The female sexual function index (FSFI) scores were significantly higher for RRCS than LRCS from baseline to 3 months (WMD = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.76, I2 = 0), to 6 months (WMD = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.93, 2.79, I2 = 24.3%), and to 12 months (WMD = 1.67, 95% CI: 0.41, 2.93, I2 = 90.9%). RRCS also achieved a better recovery of the urological and sexual function than LRCS for patients with RC. Larger-scale prospective randomized control trials are needed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
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25
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Huang Y, Zhang Z, Tong H, Qin W, Li Q, Ma L, Ren Z, Chen W, Zhang Y, Zhong Y, Yao L, Zhou P. Chondroitin polymerizing factor promotes development and progression of colorectal cancer via facilitating transcription of VEGFB. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18268. [PMID: 38775031 PMCID: PMC11109815 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent malignancy affecting the digestive system on a global scale. This study aimed to explore the previously unexplored role of CHPF in the progression of CRC. Our results revealed a significant upregulation of CHPF expression in CRC tumour tissues compared to normal tissues, with its levels correlating with tumour malignancy. In vitro experiments using CRC cell lines demonstrated that inhibiting CHPF expression suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and cell migration, while promoting apoptosis. Conversely, overexpressing CHPF had the opposite effect. Additionally, our xenograft models in mice confirmed the inhibitory impact of CHPF knockdown on CRC progression using various cell models. Mechanistic investigations unveiled that CHPF may enhance VEGFB expression through E2F1-mediated transcription. Functionally, suppressing VEGFB expression successfully mitigated the oncogenic effects induced by CHPF overexpression. Collectively, these findings suggest that CHPF may act as a tumour promoter in CRC, operating in a VEGFB-dependent manner and could be a potential target for therapeutic interventions in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hanxing Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenzheng Qin
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Quanlin Li
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lili Ma
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhong Ren
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yunshi Zhong
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liqing Yao
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Pinghong Zhou
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Hussein Zaki A, Haiying B, Mohany M, Al-Rejaie SS, Abugammie B. The effect mechanism of ergosterol from the nutritional mushroom Leucocalocybe mongolica in breast cancer cells: Protein expression modulation and metabolomic profiling using UHPLC-ESI-Q. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102045. [PMID: 38571766 PMCID: PMC10988126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The ergosterol from mushrooms has gained significant ethnopharmacological importance in various cultures, including China, Japan, and Europe. This compound has been found to possess immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory properties, making it useful in the treatment of immune disorders. In this study, we focused on investigating the potential anticancer properties of ergosterol isolated from the edible mushroom Leucocalocybe mongolica in breast cancer cell lines. The ergosterol was purified and identified using advanced analytical techniques such as ESI-MS and NMR. We conducted cell proliferation assays on 4 T1 breast cancer cells to assess the cytotoxic effects of ergosterol. Furthermore, we analyzed the transcription levels of BAX, caspase-7, BCL-2, STAT-3, and PARP proteins using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Additionally, we employed non-targeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to study the potential mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of ergosterol at the metabolomics level. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in cell viability and the induction of apoptosis upon treatment with ergosterol, especially at higher concentrations (P < 0.05). Moreover, ergosterol affected the expression of cancer-related genes, upregulating pro-apoptotic proteins such as BAX, caspase-7, and PARP, while downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins BCL-2 and STAT-3 (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis confirmed these findings and provided further evidence of ergosterol's role in inducing apoptosis. Metabolomics analysis revealed substantial changes in pathways related to amino acid, antioxidant, and carbohydrate metabolism. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that ergosterol exhibits anticancer effects by inducing apoptosis and modulating metabolic pathways in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Hussein Zaki
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
- Departments of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Bao Haiying
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim S. Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa Abugammie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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Zhai X, Chen B, Hu H, Deng Y, Chen Y, Hong Y, Ren X, Jiang C. Identification of the molecular subtypes and signatures to predict the prognosis, biological functions, and therapeutic response based on the anoikis-related genes in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7315. [PMID: 38785271 PMCID: PMC11117457 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumors that resist anoikis, a programmed cell death triggered by detachment from the extracellular matrix, promote metastasis; however, the role of anoikis-related genes (ARGs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) stratification, prognosis, and biological functions remains unclear. METHODS We obtained transcriptomic profiles of CRC and 27 ARGs from The Cancer Genome Atlas, the Gene Expression Omnibus, and MSigDB databases, respectively. CRC tissue samples were classified into two clusters based on the expression pattern of ARGs, and their functional differences were explored. Hub genes were screened using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, univariate analysis, and least absolute selection and shrinkage operator analysis, and validated in cell lines, tissues, or the Human Protein Atlas database. We constructed an ARG-risk model and nomogram to predict prognosis in patients with CRC, which was validated using an external cohort. Multifaceted landscapes, including stemness, tumor microenvironment (TME), immune landscape, and drug sensitivity, between high- and low-risk groups were examined. RESULTS Patients with CRC were divided into C1 and C2 clusters. Cluster C1 exhibited higher TME scores, whereas cluster C2 had favorable outcomes and a higher stemness index. Eight upregulated hub ARGs (TIMP1, P3H1, SPP1, HAMP, IFI30, ADAM8, ITGAX, and APOC1) were utilized to construct the risk model. The qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry results were consistent with those of the bioinformatics analysis. Patients with high risk exhibited worse overall survival (p < 0.01), increased stemness, TME, immune checkpoint expression, immune infiltration, tumor mutation burden, and drug susceptibility compared with the patients with low risk. CONCLUSION Our results offer a novel CRC stratification based on ARGs and a risk-scoring system that could predict the prognosis, stemness, TME, immunophenotypes, and drug susceptibility of patients with CRC, thereby improving their prognosis. This stratification may facilitate personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
| | - Baoxiang Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
| | - Heng Hu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
| | - Yanrong Deng
- Department of Colorectal and Anal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
| | - Yazhu Chen
- West China Hospital of Sichuan universityChengduChina
| | - Yuntian Hong
- Department of Colorectal and Anal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
| | - Xianghai Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University)WuhanChina
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28
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Boland PM, Ebos JML, Attwood K, Mastri M, Fountzilas C, Iyer RV, Banker C, Goey AKL, Bies R, Ma WW, Fakih M. A phase I/II study of nintedanib and capecitabine for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2024; 8:pkae017. [PMID: 38697618 PMCID: PMC11065487 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nintedanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with efficacy in bevacizumab-resistant colorectal cancer models. This phase I/II study evaluated the recommended phase II dose and efficacy of nintedanib and capecitabine in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. METHODS Key eligibility criteria included refractory metastatic colorectal cancer and ECOG performance status of 1 or lower. The primary endpoint was 18-week progression-free survival (PFS). A 1-sided binomial test (at α = .1) compared the observed 18-week PFS with a historic control of .25. RESULTS Forty-two patients were enrolled, including 39 at the recommended phase II dose. The recommended phase II dose was established to be nintedanib 200 mg by mouth twice daily and capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 by mouth twice daily. The protocol was evaluated for efficacy in 36 patients. The 18-week PFS was 42% (15/36 patients; P = .0209). Median PFS was 3.4 mo. Median overall survival was 8.9 mo. Sixteen (44%) patients experienced a grade 3/4 adverse event, most commonly fatigue (8%), palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia (8%), aspartate aminotransferase elevation (6%), asthenia (6%), pulmonary embolus (6%), and dehydration (6%). Osteopontin levels at cycle 1, day 1 and cycle 3, day 1 as well as ΔCCL2 levels correlated to disease control at 18 weeks. CONCLUSIONS The combination of nintedanib and capecitabine is well tolerated. Clinical efficacy appears to be superior to regorafenib or tipiracil hydrochloride monotherapy. Further investigation of similar combinations is warranted. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02393755.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Boland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John M L Ebos
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kristopher Attwood
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michalis Mastri
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christos Fountzilas
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Renuka V Iyer
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Banker
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Andrew K L Goey
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert Bies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Wen Wee Ma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marwan Fakih
- Department of Medicine, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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Dantas AAG, de Oliveira NPD, Costa GAB, Martins LFL, Dos Santos JEM, Migowski A, de Camargo Cancela M, de Souza DLB. Multilevel analysis of social determinants of advanced stage colorectal cancer diagnosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9667. [PMID: 38671078 PMCID: PMC11053035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The advanced stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be related to individual factors, socioeconomic conditions, and healthcare service availability. The objective of the study was to analyze the prevalence of advanced stage CRC at the time of diagnosis and its association with individual, contextual, socioeconomic, and healthcare service indicators. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing cases of malignant neoplasms of the colon and rectum in individuals of both sexes, aged between 18 and 99 years, diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 in Brazil (n = 69,047). Data were collected from the Hospital Cancer Registry (HCR), Atlas of Human Development in Brazil, and from the National Registry of Health Institutions (NRHI). A Multilevel Poisson Regression model with random intercept was used. The prevalence of advanced stage CRC at diagnosis was 65.6%. Advanced stage was associated with older age groups prevalence ratio (PR) 4.40 and younger age groups (PR 1.84), low Human Development Index (HDI) (PR 1.22), and low density of family health strategy teams (PR 1.10). The study highlights the unequal distribution of social determinants of health in the diagnosis CRC in Brazil, revealing the need to evaluate and redirect public policies aimed at improving early detection and prevention of CRC in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guilherme Augusto Barcello Costa
- Graduate Program in Oncology, Research and Innovation Coordination, National Cancer Institute (INCA), Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luís Felipe Leite Martins
- Surveillance and Situation Analysis Division, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination (CONPREV), National Cancer Institute (INCA), Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jonas Eduardo Monteiro Dos Santos
- Surveillance and Situation Analysis Division, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination (CONPREV), National Cancer Institute (INCA), Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Arn Migowski
- Epidemiology Unit. Education and Research Coordination, National Institute of Cardiology (INCA), Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Prevention and Surveillance Coordination (CONPREV), National Cancer Institute (INCA), Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marianna de Camargo Cancela
- Graduate Program in Oncology, Research and Innovation Coordination, National Cancer Institute (INCA), Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil.
- Methodology, Methods, Models and Results in Health and Social Sciences Research Group (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Well-Being. Health and Social Care Research Center (CESS), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain.
- Public Health Department, Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 1787 Senador Salgado Filho Ave., Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59010-000, Brazil.
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30
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Aloysius MM, Nikumbh T, Yadukumar L, Asija U, Shah NJ, Aswath G, John S, Goyal H. National Trends in the Incidence of Sporadic Malignant Colorectal Polyps in Young Patients (20-49 Years): An 18-Year SEER Database Analysis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:673. [PMID: 38674319 PMCID: PMC11052004 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Conflicting guidelines exist for initiating average-risk colorectal cancer screening at the age of 45 years. The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) changed its guidelines in 2021 to recommend initiating screening at 45 years due to an increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer. However, the American College of Physicians (ACP) recently recommended not screening average-risk individuals between 45 and 49 years old. We aim to study the national trends in the incidence of sporadic malignant polyps (SMP) in patients from 20 to 49 years old. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2000-2017) on patients aged 20-49 years who underwent diagnostic colonoscopy with at least a single malignant sporadic colorectal polyp. Results: Of the 10,742 patients diagnosed with SMP, 42.9% were female. The mean age of incidence was 43.07 years (42.91-43.23, 95% CI). Approximately 50% of malignant polyps were diagnosed between 45 and 49 years of age, followed by 25-30% between 40 and 45. There was an upward trend in malignant polyps, with a decreased incidence of malignant villous adenomas and a rise in malignant adenomas and tubulovillous adenomas. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that almost half of the SMPs under 50 years occurred in individuals under age 45, younger than the current screening threshold recommended by the ACP. There has been an upward trend in malignant polyps in the last two decades. This reflects changes in tumor biology, and necessitates further research and support in the USPSTF guidelines to start screening at the age of 45 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M. Aloysius
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Syracuse, New York, NY 13210, USA; (M.M.A.)
| | - Tejas Nikumbh
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA 18505, USA; (L.Y.); (U.A.)
| | - Lekha Yadukumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA 18505, USA; (L.Y.); (U.A.)
| | - Udit Asija
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA 18505, USA; (L.Y.); (U.A.)
| | - Niraj J. Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Ganesh Aswath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Syracuse, New York, NY 13210, USA; (M.M.A.)
| | - Savio John
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Syracuse, New York, NY 13210, USA; (M.M.A.)
| | - Hemant Goyal
- Advanced Endoscopy, Borland Groover Owntown Office, Jacksonville, FL 32207, USA
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31
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Xu P, Li D, Li J, Zhang C. Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards enhanced recovery after surgery among colorectal cancer patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9034. [PMID: 38641639 PMCID: PMC11031563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This cross-sectional study included CRC patients who underwent selective operation at the author's Hospital, between April 2021 and April 2023. Their demographic characteristics and KAP towards ERAS were collected using a self-designed questionnaire. A total of 652 valid questionnaires were collected, with knowledge, attitude, and practice scores of 37.29 ± 11.35 (possible range: 11-55), 39.51 ± 6.40 (possible range: 11-55), and 6.53 ± 2.21 (possible range: 0-8), respectively. A positive correlation was found between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.291, P < 0.001), knowledge and practice (r = 0.292, P < 0.001), and attitude and practice (r = 0.363, P < 0.001). Structural equation model (SEM) analysis showed that knowledge had a significant direct effect on attitude (β = 0.164, P < 0.001) and attitude had direct effect on practice (β = 0.099, P < 0.001), indicating an indirect effect of knowledge on practice. Attitude also had a direct effect on practice (β = 0.038, P < 0.001). CRC patients showed moderate knowledge and attitude, and proactive practice towards ERAS. Further improvement of knowledge may improve their attitude and practice, leading to better outcomes and quality of care among CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, 110016, China.
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32
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Edwards A, Monroe R, Amram O, Kumar A. Distance to endoscopy services amplifies racial inequities in colorectal cancer mortality in Washington state. Am J Surg 2024:S0002-9610(24)00198-3. [PMID: 38670835 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluates relationships among race, access to endoscopy services, and colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality in Washington state (WA). METHODS We overlayed the locations of ambulatory endoscopy services with place of residence at time of death, using Department of Health data (2011-2018). We compared CRC mortality data within and outside a 10 km buffer from services. We used linear regression to assess the impact of distance and race on age at death while adjusting for gender and education level. RESULTS Age at death: median 72.9y vs. 68.2y for white vs. non-white (p < 0.001). The adjusted model showed that non-whites residing outside the buffer died 6.9y younger on average (p < 0.001). Non-whites residing inside the buffer died 5.2y younger on average (p < 0.001), and whites residing outside the buffer died 1.6y younger (p < 0.001). We used heatmaps to geolocate death density. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that geographic access to endoscopy services disproportionately impacts non-whites in Washington. These data help identify communities which may benefit from improved access to alternative colorectal cancer screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Edwards
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Rachel Monroe
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA; Providence Hood River Family Medicine Residency Program, Hood River, OR, USA
| | - Ofer Amram
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA; Community Health and Spatial Epidemiology Lab, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Anjali Kumar
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
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33
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Alvarez VHA, Amboree TL, Mitchell P, Badr HJ, Montealegre JR. Nativity Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Hispanics in the United States. J Immigr Minor Health 2024:10.1007/s10903-024-01590-w. [PMID: 38635108 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-024-01590-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Hispanics in the United States (U.S.) have previously exhibited lower guideline-concordant colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake than non-Hispanic (NH) Whites, with disparities accentuated in foreign-born Hispanics, however it is unclear whether nativity-related CRC screening disparities have changed in the last two decades and whether these disparities are attenuated after adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. We evaluated CRC screening adherence in foreign- and U.S.-born Hispanics compared to U.S.-born NH Whites. We used 2019 National Health Interview Survey data to compare the prevalence of up-to-date CRC screening per the 2019 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations among Hispanic nativity subgroups (i.e., foreign- and U.S.-born) and U.S.-born NH Whites using unadjusted and adjusted weighted log-linked binomial regression. Foreign- and U.S.-born Hispanics had a significantly lower unadjusted prevalence of up-to-date screening than U.S.-born NH Whites (47.18% and 64.18% versus 70.70%; p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0109, respectively). After adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic differences, the prevalence of up-to-date screening was lower in foreign-born Hispanics compared to U.S.-born NH Whites [adjusted prevalence ratio 0.80 (95% confidence interval 0.70-0.91)]; however, no statistically significant difference was observed between U.S.-born Hispanics and NH Whites. Our results suggest a low screening uptake in foreign-born Hispanics independent of socioeconomic and demographic differences. Future interventions should target foreign-born Hispanics to address disparities and promote early detection and prevention of CRC regardless of socioeconomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H Albornoz Alvarez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Trisha L Amboree
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Parker Mitchell
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hoda J Badr
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jane R Montealegre
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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34
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Lee H, Hwang KH. Unexpected focal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in main organs; pass through or pass by? World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:1885-1899. [PMID: 38660550 PMCID: PMC11036514 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i11.1885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the inception of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG), positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) utilizing F-18 FDG has become widely accepted as a valuable imaging modality in the field of oncology, with global prevalence in clinical practice. Given that a single Torso PET/CT scan encompasses the anatomical region from the skull base to the upper thigh, the detection of incidental abnormal focal hypermetabolism in areas of limited clinical interest is both feasible and not uncommon. Numerous investigations have been undertaken to delineate the distinctive features of these findings, yet the outcomes have proven inconclusive. The incongruent results of these studies present a challenge for physicians, leaving them uncertain about the appropriate course of action. This article provides a succinct overview of the characteristics of fluorodeoxyglucose, followed by a comprehensive discussion of the imaging findings and clinical significance associated with incidental focal abnormal F-18 FDG activity in several representative organs. In conclusion, while the prevalence of unrecognized malignancy varies across organs, malignancies account for a substantial proportion, ranging from approximately one-third to over half, of incidental focal uptake. In light of these rates, physicians are urged to exercise vigilance in not disregarding unexpected uptake, facilitating more assured clinical decisions, and advocating for further active evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haejun Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Hwang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, South Korea
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35
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Azwar S, Ng CT, Zahari Sham SY, Seow HF, Chai M, Ghazali MF, Jabar MF. Possible Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs GNAS-AS1 and MIR205HG in the Modulation of 5-Fluorouracil Chemosensitivity in Colon Cancer Cells through Increased Extracellular Release of Exosomes. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38668383 PMCID: PMC11054952 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have suggested the involvement of long non-coding RNAs as the key players in not just the initiation and progression of the tumor microenvironment, but also in chemotherapy tolerance. In the present study, generated 5-FU-resistant SW480/DR cells were analyzed via cDNA microarray for its aberrant lncRNAs and mRNAs expression in comparison with the 5-FU-susceptible SW480/DS cells. Among the 126 lncRNAs described, lncRNAs GNAS-AS1, MIR205HG, and LOC102723721 have been identified to be significantly upregulated, while lncRNs lnc-RP11-597K23.2.1-2, LOC100507639, and CCDC144NL-AS1 have been found to be significantly downregulated. In the meantime, bioinformatic analysis through gene ontology studies of aberrantly expressed mRNAs revealed "regulated exocytosis", among others, as the biological process most impacted in SW480/DR cells. To investigate, exosome purification was then carried out and its characterization were validated via transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Interestingly, it was determined that the 5-FU-resistant SW480/DR cells secretes significantly higher concentration of extracellular vesicles, particularly, exosomes when compared to the 5-FU-susceptible SW480/DS cells. Based on the lncRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis generated, lncRNA GNAS-AS1 and MIR205HG have been identified to be potentially involved in the incidence of 5-FU resistance in SW480 colon cancer cells through promoting increased release of exosomes into the intercellular matrix. Our study hopes not only to provide insights on the list of involved candidate lncRNAs, but also to elucidate the role exosomes play in the initiation and development of 5-FU chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamin Azwar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.Y.Z.S.)
| | - Chin Tat Ng
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Yazmin Zahari Sham
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.Y.Z.S.)
| | - Heng Fong Seow
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.Y.Z.S.)
| | - Minhian Chai
- School of Animal, Aquatic and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut 22200, Malaysia; (M.C.); (M.F.G.)
| | - Mohd Faizal Ghazali
- School of Animal, Aquatic and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut 22200, Malaysia; (M.C.); (M.F.G.)
| | - Mohd Faisal Jabar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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Chong MY, Eussen SJPM, van Roekel EH, Pot GK, Koster A, Breukink SO, Janssen-Heijnen MLG, Keulen ETP, Stehouwer CDA, Weijenberg MP, Bours MJL. Longitudinal associations of circadian eating patterns with sleep quality, fatigue and inflammation in colorectal cancer survivors up to 24 months post-treatment. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1166-1180. [PMID: 38012842 PMCID: PMC10918519 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Fatigue and insomnia, potentially induced by inflammation, are distressing symptoms experienced by colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. Emerging evidence suggests that besides the nutritional quality and quantity, also the timing, frequency and regularity of dietary intake (chrono-nutrition) could be important for alleviating these symptoms. We investigated longitudinal associations of circadian eating patterns with sleep quality, fatigue and inflammation in CRC survivors. In a prospective cohort of 459 stage I-III CRC survivors, four repeated measurements were performed between 6 weeks and 24 months post-treatment. Chrono-nutrition variables included meal energy contribution, frequency (a maximum of six meals could be reported each day), irregularity and time window (TW) of energetic intake, operationalised based on 7-d dietary records. Outcomes included sleep quality, fatigue and plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers. Longitudinal associations of chrono-nutrition variables with outcomes from 6 weeks until 24 months post-treatment were analysed by confounder-adjusted linear mixed models, including hybrid models to disentangle intra-individual changes from inter-individual differences over time. An hour longer TW of energetic intake between individuals was associated with less fatigue (β: -6·1; 95 % CI (-8·8, -3·3)) and insomnia (β: -4·8; 95 % CI (-7·4, -2·1)). A higher meal frequency of on average 0·6 meals/d between individuals was associated with less fatigue (β: -3·7; 95 % CI (-6·6, -0·8)). An hour increase in TW of energetic intake within individuals was associated with less insomnia (β: -3·0; 95 % CI (-5·2, -0·8)) and inflammation (β: -0·1; 95 % CI (-0·1, 0·0)). Our results suggest that longer TWs of energetic intake and higher meal frequencies may be associated with less fatigue, insomnia and inflammation among CRC survivors. Future studies with larger contrasts in chrono-nutrition variables are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Y. Chong
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI School for Care and Public Health Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone J. P. M. Eussen
- Department of Epidemiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI School for Care and Public Health Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eline H. van Roekel
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerda K. Pot
- Nutrition and Healthcare Alliance Hospital Gelderse Vallei, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Department of Social Medicine, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stéphanie O. Breukink
- Department of Surgery, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maryska L. G. Janssen-Heijnen
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Eric T. P. Keulen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Zuyderland Medical Centre Sittard-Geleen, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Coen D. A. Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matty P. Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn J. L. Bours
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Uroog L, Zeya B, Imtiyaz K, Ahmad Wani R, Moshahid Alam Rizvi M. FBXW7 polymorphism asserts susceptibility to colorectal cancer. Gene 2024; 901:148181. [PMID: 38244948 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
FBXW7, belonging to the F-Box protein family, is considered a candidate cancer susceptibility gene. Our findings indicate that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FBXW7 gene are linked to cancer risk, strengthening FBXW7's role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Our case-control study comprised of 450 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) and an equal number of 450 healthy subjects. FBXW7 SNPs rs2255137C>T and rs6842544C>T were genotyped using PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Single-Stranded Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) techniques and further cross-checked by direct sequencing. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses of these SNPs were also assessed. The in-silico approach was used to reveal the functional analysis between the nonsynonymous variation (rs6842544) and CRC followed by its validation at the protein level by western blotting and reverse transcription-PCR. A significant association of colorectal cancer was detected with rs6842544 SNP. However, there was no association between FBXW7 rs2255137 polymorphism and CRC. The homozygous individuals carrying the C variant in FBXW7 rs6842544 showed a slightly higher risk for colorectal cancer (OR = 1.590, 95%CI = 0.39 ∼ 2.89, p = 0.011). The haplotype CC identified in this study seemed to be associated with good prognosis (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.00 ∼ 1.47, p = 0.0013) whereas the TT haplotype was found to reduce the CRC risk (OR = 0.642, 95%CI = 0.48 ∼ 0.84, p = 0.039). In-silico prediction proposed that the variant R133G is responsible for the lower expression of FBXW7. Additionally, the expression profiling of FBXW7 nonsynonymous SNP was significantly lower in primary CRC tissues than in the paired non-cancerous tissues at protein and mRNA levels. The study indicates that the FBXW7 rs6842544 is associated with the risk of development of CRC and could serve as a molecular biological marker to screen high-risk groups for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laraib Uroog
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Bushra Zeya
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Khalid Imtiyaz
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rauf Ahmad Wani
- Department of General Surgery, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - M Moshahid Alam Rizvi
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Huang HYR, Badar S, Said M, Shah S, Bharadwaj HR, Ramamoorthy K, Alrawashdeh MM, Haroon F, Basit J, Saeed S, Aji N, Tse G, Roy P, Bardhan M. The advent of RNA-based therapeutics for metabolic syndrome and associated conditions: a comprehensive review of the literature. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:493. [PMID: 38580818 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent and intricate health condition affecting a significant global population, characterized by a cluster of metabolic and hormonal disorders disrupting lipid and glucose metabolism pathways. Clinical manifestations encompass obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension, contributing to heightened risks of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Existing medications often fall short in addressing the syndrome's multifaceted nature, leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes and potential long-term health risks. This scenario underscores the pressing need for innovative therapeutic approaches in MetS management. RNA-based treatments, employing small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), emerge as promising strategies to target underlying biological abnormalities. However, a summary of research available on the role of RNA-based therapeutics in MetS and related co-morbidities is limited. Murine models and human studies have been separately interrogated to determine whether there have been recent advancements in RNA-based therapeutics to offer a comprehensive understanding of treatment available for MetS. In a narrative fashion, we searched for relevant articles pertaining to MetS co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease, fatty liver disease, dementia, colorectal cancer, and endocrine abnormalities. We emphasize the urgency of exploring novel therapeutic avenues to address the intricate pathophysiology of MetS and underscore the potential of RNA-based treatments, coupled with advanced delivery systems, as a transformative approach for achieving more comprehensive and efficacious outcomes in MetS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Ye Rim Huang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah Badar
- Department of Biomedical Science, The University of the West Scotland, Paisley, Scotland
| | - Mohammad Said
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siddiqah Shah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Krishna Ramamoorthy
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Jawad Basit
- Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sajeel Saeed
- Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Narjiss Aji
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gary Tse
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Priyanka Roy
- Directorate of Factories, Department of Labour, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Mainak Bardhan
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.
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Kays Mohammed Ali Y, Dolin TG, Damm Nybing J, Lykke J, Hvid Linden F, Høgh-Schmidt E, Sørensen TIA, Christensen JF, Nielsen YJW, Stenfatt Larsen J, Madsbad S, Sidenius Johansen J, Svane MS, Lang Lehrskov L. Change in abdominal obesity after colon cancer surgery - effects of left-sided and right-sided colonic resection. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:533-541. [PMID: 38172335 PMCID: PMC10978490 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with metabolic diseases and poor survival in colon cancer (CC). We assessed the impact of different types of CC surgery on changes in abdominal fat depots. MATERIAL AND METHODS Computed tomography (CT)-scans performed preoperative and 3 years after CC surgery were analyzed at L3-level for VAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and total adipose tissue (TAT) areas. We assessed changes in VAT, SAT, TAT and VAT/SAT ratio after 3 years and compared the changes between patients who had undergone left-sided and right-sided colonic resection in the total population and in men and women separately. RESULTS A total of 134 patients with stage I-III CC undergoing cancer surgery were included. Patients who had undergone left-sided colonic resection had after 3 years follow-up a 5% (95% CI: 2-9%, p < 0.01) increase in abdominal VAT, a 4% (95% CI: 2-6%, p < 0.001) increase in SAT and a 5% increase (95% CI: 2-7%, p < 0.01) in TAT. Patients who had undergone right-sided colonic resection had no change in VAT, but a 6% (95% CI: 4-9%, p < 0.001) increase in SAT and a 4% (95% CI: 1-7%, p < 0.01) increase in TAT after 3 years. Stratified by sex, only males undergoing left-sided colonic resection had a significant VAT increase of 6% (95% CI: 2-10%, p < 0.01) after 3 years. CONCLUSION After 3 years follow-up survivors of CC accumulated abdominal adipose tissue. Notably, those who underwent left-sided colonic resection had increased VAT and SAT, whereas those who underwent right-sided colonic resection demonstrated solely increased SAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Kays Mohammed Ali
- Department of Endocrinological Research, Copenhagen University Hospital -Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Troels Gammeltoft Dolin
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- CopenAge, Copenhagen Center for Clinical Age Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janus Damm Nybing
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Lykke
- Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Frederik Hvid Linden
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik Høgh-Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Frank Christensen
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yousef J W Nielsen
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jim Stenfatt Larsen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sten Madsbad
- Department of Endocrinological Research, Copenhagen University Hospital -Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Julia Sidenius Johansen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Maria Saur Svane
- Department of Endocrinological Research, Copenhagen University Hospital -Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Louise Lang Lehrskov
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark.
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Ajdari M, Ranjbar A, Karimian K, Karimi M, Heli H, Sattarahmady N. Characterization and Evaluation of Nano-niosomes Encapsulating Docetaxel against Human Breast, Pancreatic, and Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Cancer Cell Lines. J Biomed Phys Eng 2024; 14:159-168. [PMID: 38628892 PMCID: PMC11016824 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2401-1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Docetaxel (DXL) is an antineoplastic agent for cancer treatment, the therapeutic efficiency of which is limited due to low solubility, hydrophobicity, and tissue specificity. Objective In this study, nano-niosomes were introduced for improving therapeutic index of DXL. Material and Methods In this experimental study, two nano-niosomes were synthesized using Span 20® and Span 80® and a thin film hydration method with DXL loading (DXL-Span20 and DXL-Span80). Characterization, in-vitro cytotoxicity and bioavailability of the nano-niosomes was also evaluated via in-vivo experiments. Results DXL-Span20 and DXL-Span80 have vesicles size in a range of 84-90 nm and negative zeta potentials. DXL entrapment efficiencies were obtained as 69.6 and 74.0% for DXL-Span20 and DXL-Span80, respectively; with an in-vitro sustained release patterns. Cytotoxicity assays were performed against MDA-MB-231, Calu-6, and AsPC-1 cell lines, and the results indicated that DXL loading into nano-niosomes led to decrement in values of half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at least 2.5 times and at most 6.5 times, compared to free DXL. Moreover, the rat blood bioavailability of DXL after intraperitoneal administration and the pharmacokinetic parameters indicated higher DXL plasma level and the higher effectiveness of DXL-Span80 compared to DXL-Span20. Conclusion Carrying DXL by the nano-niosomes led to enhanced cytotoxicity (and lower IC50 values) and higher efficacy with enhanced pharmacokinetic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Ajdari
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aliyeh Ranjbar
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khashayar Karimian
- Arasto Pharmaceutical Chemicals Inc., Yousefabad, Jahanarar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Karimi
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Heli
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Sattarahmady
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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41
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Mustafa M, Abbas K, Alam M, Ahmad W, Moinuddin, Usmani N, Siddiqui SA, Habib S. Molecular pathways and therapeutic targets linked to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:895-913. [PMID: 37247161 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cellular growth, abnormal morphology, and altered proliferation. Cancerous cells lose their ability to act as anchors, allowing them to spread throughout the body and infiltrate nearby cells, tissues, and organs. If these cells are not identified and treated promptly, they will likely spread. Around 70% of female breast cancers are caused by a mutation in the BRCA gene, specifically BRCA1. The absence of progesterone, oestrogen and HER2 receptors (human epidermal growth factor) distinguishes the TNBC subtype of breast cancer. There were approximately 6,85,000 deaths worldwide and 2.3 million new breast cancer cases in women in 2020. Breast cancer is the most common cancer globally, affecting 7.8 million people at the end of 2020. Compared to other cancer types, breast cancer causes more women to lose disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Worldwide, women can develop breast cancer at any age after puberty, but rates increase with age. The maintenance of mammary stem cell stemness is disrupted in TNBC, governed by signalling cascades controlling healthy mammary gland growth and development. Interpreting these essential cascades may facilitate an in-depth understanding of TNBC cancer and the search for an appropriate therapeutic target. Its treatment remains challenging because it lacks specific receptors, which renders hormone therapy and medications ineffective. In addition to radiotherapy, numerous recognized chemotherapeutic medicines are available as inhibitors of signalling pathways, while others are currently undergoing clinical trials. This article summarizes the vital druggable targets, therapeutic approaches, and strategies associated with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Kashif Abbas
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mudassir Alam
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Waleem Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Nazura Usmani
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Shahid Ali Siddiqui
- Department of Radiotherapy, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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El-Mernissi R, Khaldan A, Bouamrane S, Rehman HM, Alaqarbeh M, Ajana MA, Lakhlifi T, Bouachrine M. 3D-QSAR, molecular docking, simulation dynamic and ADMET studies on new quinolines derivatives against colorectal carcinoma activity. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3682-3699. [PMID: 37227776 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the uncontrolled spread of abnormal cells that results in abnormal tissue growth in the affected organ. One of the most important organs is exposed to the growth of colon cancer cells, which start in the large intestine (colon) or the rectum. Several therapeutic protocols were used to treat different kinds of cancer. Recently, several studies have targeted tubulin and microtubules due to their remarkable prefoliation. Also, recent research shows that quinoline compounds have significant efficacy against human colorectal cancer. So, the present work investigated the potential of thirty quinoline compounds as tubulin inhibitors using computational methods. A 3D-QSAR approach using two contours (CoMFA and CoMSIA), molecular docking simulation to determine the binding type of the complexes (ligand-receptor), molecular dynamics simulation and identifying pharmacokinetic characteristics were used to design molecules. For all compounds designed (T1-5), molecular docking was used to compare the stability by type of binding. The ADMET has been utilized for molecules with good stability in molecular docking (T1-3); these compounds have good medicinal characteristics. Furthermore, a molecular dynamics simulation (MD) at 100 ns was performed to confirm the stability of the T1-3 compounds; the molecules (T1-3) remained the most stable throughout the simulation. The compounds T1, T2 and T3 are the best-designed drugs for colorectal carcinoma treatments.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda El-Mernissi
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Ayoub Khaldan
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Soukaina Bouamrane
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | | | | | - Mohammed Aziz Ajana
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Tahar Lakhlifi
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bouachrine
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
- EST Khenifra, Sultan Moulay Sliman University, Beni mellal, Morocco
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Sohrabi F, Tirgari B, Safaei M, Alizadeh S. Effects of sexual counseling on sexual function and sexual quality of life of women with permanent intestinal ostomy. J Sex Med 2024; 21:311-317. [PMID: 38427462 DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with an intestinal ostomy may experience significant sexual dysfunction that may have adverse impacts on quality of life. Appropriate sexual health counseling can be beneficial for these patients. AIM This study was conducted to determine the effect of sexual counseling on the sexual function and sexual quality of life of women with a permanent intestinal ostomy. METHODS For this experimental study, 60 female patients with a permanent intestinal ostomy were selected through convenience sampling and then randomly assigned to either the intervention or control groups. Patients in the intervention group received four 90-minute individual counseling sessions based on the PLISSIT (permission [P], limited information [LI], specific suggestions [SS], and intensive therapy [IT] model over a period of 4 weeks). The control group underwent routine training. Data were collected by use of a demographic information questionnaire, the Female Sexual Function Index, and the Sexual Quality of Life Female questionnaire. Both groups completed the questionnaires before and after the intervention. OUTCOMES Study outcomes were the resulting data for the Female Sexual Function Index and the Sexual Quality of Life Female questionnaire. RESULTS The results revealed a significant increase in the mean score of sexual function in the intervention group after counseling (P = .001). No significant difference was observed in the mean score of sexual quality of life between the 2 groups before the intervention (P > .05). In contrast, a significant increase was noted in the intervention group's sexual quality of life after the intervention (P = .001). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The results indicate a need to sexual counseling interventions directed toward sexual function and sexual quality of life in women with permanent intestinal ostomy. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS Study strengths include utilization of the PLISSIT model for sexual counseling as an invaluable roadmap for healthcare professionals, systematically addressing patient needs within a tailored framework, and prescribing appropriate strategies over 4 distinct phases. Limitations include the use of convenience sampling and no follow-up duration. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the efficacy of counseling in enhancing sexual well-being of women with permanent intestinal ostomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sohrabi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616913555, Iran
| | - Batool Tirgari
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616913555, Iran
| | - Milad Safaei
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616913555, Iran
| | - Sajjad Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616913555, Iran
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Lou E, Xiu J, Baca Y, Saeed A, Prakash A, Gholami S, Subramanian S, Starr TK, Fontana E, Pandey R, Lenz HJ, Shields AF, Nabhan C, Oberley M, Seeber A, El-Deiry W. Differential landscape of immune evasion in oncogenic RAS-driven primary and metastatic colorectal cancers. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200786. [PMID: 38596288 PMCID: PMC10963927 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Oncogenic drivers such as KRAS extensively modulate the tumor inflammatory microenvironment (TIME) of colorectal cancer (CRC). The influence of KRAS on modulating immune cell composition remains unclear. The objective of this study was to identify signatures of infiltrative immune cells and distinctive patterns that differ between RAS wild-type (WT) and oncogenic mutant (MT) CRC that explain immune evasion in MT tumors. A total of 7,801 CRC specimens were analyzed using next-generation DNA sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, and/or whole transcriptome sequencing. Deficiency of mismatch repair (dMMR)/microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutation burden (TMB) were also assessed. KRAS mutations were present in 48% of CRC, similarly distributed in patients younger than vs. 50 years and older. In microsatellite stable (MSS) KRAS MT tumors, composition of the TIME included higher neutrophil infiltration and lower infiltration of B cells. MSI-H/dMMR was significantly more prevalent in RAS WT (9.1%) than in KRAS MT (2.9%) CRC. In MSS CRC, TMB-high cases were significantly higher in RAS MT (3.1%) than in RAS WT (2.1%) tumors. KRAS and NRAS mutations are associated with increased neutrophil infiltration, with codon-specific differences. These results demonstrate significant differences in the TIME of RAS mutant CRC that match previous reports of immunoevasive characteristics of such tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Lou
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Anwaar Saeed
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ajay Prakash
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Timothy K. Starr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Elisa Fontana
- Drug Development Unit, Sarah Cannon Research Institute UK, Marylebone, London, UK
| | - Ritu Pandey
- Arizona Cancer Center, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony F. Shields
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wafik El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Lenz HJ, Parikh A, Spigel DR, Cohn AL, Yoshino T, Kochenderfer M, Elez E, Shao SH, Deming D, Holdridge R, Larson T, Chen E, Mahipal A, Ucar A, Cullen D, Baskin-Bey E, Kang T, Hammell AB, Yao J, Tabernero J. Modified FOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab with and without nivolumab for first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: phase 2 results from the CheckMate 9X8 randomized clinical trial. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008409. [PMID: 38485190 PMCID: PMC10941175 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standard first-line therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) include fluoropyrimidine-containing regimens with oxaliplatin and/or irinotecan and a biologic agent. Immunotherapy may enhance antitumor activity in combination with standard therapies in patients with mCRC. Here, we present phase 2 results of nivolumab plus standard-of-care therapy (SOC; 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin/oxaliplatin/bevacizumab) versus SOC in the first-line treatment of patients with mCRC (CheckMate 9X8). METHODS CheckMate 9X8 was a multicenter, open-label, randomized, phase 2/3 trial. Eligible patients were at least 18 years of age with unresectable mCRC and no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive nivolumab 240 mg plus SOC or SOC alone every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review (BICR) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors V.1.1. Secondary endpoints included PFS by investigator assessment; objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate, duration of response, and time to response, all by BICR and investigator assessments; overall survival; and safety. Preplanned exploratory biomarker analyses were also performed. RESULTS From February 2018 through April 2019, 310 patients were enrolled, of which 195 patients were randomized to nivolumab plus SOC (n=127) or SOC (n=68). At 21.5-month minimum follow-up, PFS with nivolumab plus SOC versus SOC did not meet the prespecified threshold for statistical significance; median PFS by BICR was 11.9 months in both arms (HR, 0.81 (95% CI, 0.53 to 1.23); p=0.30). Higher PFS rates after 12 months (18 months: 28% vs 9%), higher ORR (60% vs 46%), and durable responses (median 12.9 vs 9.3 months) were observed with nivolumab plus SOC versus SOC. Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events were reported in 75% versus 48% of patients; no new safety signals were identified. CONCLUSIONS The CheckMate 9X8 trial investigating first-line nivolumab plus SOC versus SOC in patients with mCRC did not meet its primary endpoint of PFS by BICR. Nivolumab plus SOC showed numerically higher PFS rates after 12 months, a higher response rate, and more durable responses compared with SOC alone, with acceptable safety. Further investigation to identify subgroups of patients with mCRC that may benefit from nivolumab plus SOC versus SOC in the first-line setting is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03414983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Department of Medical Oncology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aparna Parikh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David R Spigel
- Department of Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Allen L Cohn
- Department of Medical Oncology, US Oncology Research, Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Takayuki Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center-Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Elena Elez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Dustin Deming
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Regan Holdridge
- Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Henderson, Nevada, USA
| | - Timothy Larson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Minnesota Oncology Hematology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Eric Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amit Mahipal
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Antonio Ucar
- Miami Cancer Institute (part of Baptist Health South Florida), Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Dana Cullen
- Oncology Clinical Science, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Tong Kang
- Biostatistics, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Amy B Hammell
- Precision Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jin Yao
- Translational Bioinformatics, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), IOB-Quiron, UVic-UCC, Barcelona, Spain
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Yang JK, Kwon H, Kim S. Recent advances in light-triggered cancer immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2650-2669. [PMID: 38353138 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Light-triggered phototherapies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), have shown strong therapeutic efficacy with minimal invasiveness and systemic toxicity, offering opportunities for tumor-specific therapies. Phototherapies not only induce direct tumor cell killing, but also trigger anti-tumor immune responses by releasing various immune-stimulating factors. In recent years, conventional phototherapies have been combined with cancer immunotherapy as synergistic therapeutic modalities to eradicate cancer by exploiting the innate and adaptive immunity. These combined photoimmunotherapies have demonstrated excellent therapeutic efficacy in preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis compared to phototherapy alone. This review covers recent advancements in combined photoimmunotherapy, including photoimmunotherapy (PIT), PDT-combined immunotherapy, and PTT-combined immunotherapy, along with their underlying anti-tumor immune response mechanisms. In addition, the challenges and future research directions for light-triggered cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kyoung Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hayoon Kwon
- Chemical & Biological integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehoon Kim
- Chemical & Biological integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Garrett C, Steffens D, Solomon M, Koh C. Surgical and survival outcomes of early-onset colorectal cancer patients: a single-centre descriptive Australian study. ANZ J Surg 2024. [PMID: 38475933 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) incidence is increasing in Australia. However, no Australian studies have reported on EOCRC patients' surgical management and survival patterns. METHODS A retrospective study of 111 EOCRC patients treated at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH), Sydney, Australia between January 2013 and December 2021 was performed. RPAH is a quaternary referral centre for pelvic exenteration (PE) and cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC). RESULTS Most patients had left-sided tumours (76.58%) and stage IV disease at the time of presentation (37.85%). 27.93% of patients underwent either CRS/HIPEC and PE and 72.07% of patients underwent other colorectal resections of which the most common was low anterior resection (19.82%). A stoma was fashioned in 50.54% of patients. Complications occurred in 54.95% of patients of which most were Clavien-Dindo grade II (47.54%). Absolute 1-, 3- and 5-year time intervals were 93.69%, 87.39% and 85.48%. Disease-free and overall survival were poorer in stage IV patients who had PE, followed by CRS/HIPEC then other colorectal resections (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Stoma formation, PE and CRS/HIPEC and minor postoperative complications were common in our EOCRC cohort. Despite this, the 5-year absolute survival rate was acceptable. Thus, an aggressive surgical approach in EOCRC patients at a quaternary referral centre may be feasible at the cost of greater postoperative morbidity. This information is imperative in the surgical consent and preoperative counselling of EOCRC patients and highlights the need for further research to assess the postoperative functional outcomes and quality of life of EOCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Garrett
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Steffens
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Solomon
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cherry Koh
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Zhang M, Ma Z, Yi Z, Wang H, Zhu J, Wen G, Jin H, An J, Deng Z, Tuo B, Li T, Liu X. SLC26A9 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis by modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:123. [PMID: 38461207 PMCID: PMC10925040 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier family 26 member 9 (SLC26A9) is a member of the Slc26a family of multifunctional anion transporters that functions as a Cl- channel in parietal cells during acid secretion. We explored the role of SLC26A9 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its related mechanisms through clinical samples from CRC patients, CRC cell lines and mouse models. We observed that SLC26A9 was expressed at low levels in the cytoplasm of adjacent tissues, polyps and adenomas but was significantly increased in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Moreover, increased levels of SLC26A9 were associated with a high risk of disease and poor prognosis. In addition, downregulation of SLC26A9 in CRC cells induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis but inhibited cell proliferation and xenograft tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analysis revealed that SLC26A9 was colocalized with β-catenin in the nucleus of CRC cells. The translocation of these two proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus reflected the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and promoted the transcription of downstream target proteins, including CyclinD1, c-Myc and Snail, but inhibited the expression of cytochrome C (Cyt-c), cleaved Caspase9, cleaved Caspase3 and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). CRC is accompanied by alteration of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Meanwhile, further studies showed that in SW48 cells, overexpressing SLC26A9 was cocultured with the β-catenin inhibitor XAV-939, β-catenin was downregulated, and EMT was reversed. Our study demonstrated SLC26A9 may be responsible for alterations in the proliferative ability and aggressive potential of CRC by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guorong Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zilin Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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Ma X, Li Y, Liang D, Jiang F, Zhang L, Song W, Wan B, Xia C, Lu Q. Solanine induces ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells through ALOX12B/ADCY4 molecular axis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024; 76:224-235. [PMID: 38244223 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Solanine is a phytochemical extracted from traditional Chinese medicine with widely reported anticancer effects. Here, we investigated the potential role of solanine in regulating ferroptosis in CRC cells and scrutinized the molecular mechanism. METHODS Cell growth and cytotoxicity were examined using CCK-8 proliferation assay and lactate dehydrogenase assay. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Subcellular changes in mitochondria were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Gene and protein expression levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Protein-protein interaction was determined by co-immunoprecipitation. KEY FINDINGS Solanine arrested cell proliferation in CRC cells and induced typical ferroptotic changes. Solanine treatment promoted ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and cell membrane disruption, while the cellular level of antioxidant GSH was reduced upon solanine treatment. ALOX12B was identified as a molecular mediator of solanine to promote ferroptosis. Solanine treatment upregulated ALOX12B levels and silencing ALOX12B could suppress solanine-induced ferroptosis. Further, ADCY4 was found to physically associate with ALOX12B and maintain ALOX12B protein stability. Silencing ADCY4 destabilized ALOX12B and attenuated solanine-induced ferroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated the ferroptosis-inducing effect of solanine in CRC cells, and revealed ALOX12B/ADCY4 molecular axis as the ferroptosis mediator of solanine. Solanine may synergize with existing ferroptosis inducer as an anticancer strategy in CRC, which warrants further validation in animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ma
- The Second Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Yijun Li
- The Second Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Daoming Liang
- The First Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- The First Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Asset Management Division, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Wanhong Song
- Infection Management Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Baosheng Wan
- The First Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Chuqi Xia
- The First Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiyu Lu
- The First Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
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50
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Bayly JE, Trivedi S, Mukamal KJ, Davis RB, Schonberg MA. Limited English proficiency and reported receipt of colorectal cancer screening among adults 45-75 in 2019 and 2021. Prev Med Rep 2024; 39:102638. [PMID: 38357223 PMCID: PMC10865022 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Substantial barriers to screening exist for medically underserved populations, especially adults with limited English proficiency (LEP). We examined the proportion of US adults aged 45-75 up-to-date with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening by LEP after 2018. The American Cancer Society began recommending CRC screening for adults 45-49 in 2018. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data of adults 45-75 years old participating in the 2019 or 2021 National Health Interview Survey (N = 25,611). Adults were considered up-to-date with screening if they reported any stool test within 1 year, stool-DNA testing within 3 years, or colonoscopy within 10 years. Adults who interviewed in a language other than English were considered to have LEP. Adults not up-to-date with screening were asked if a healthcare professional (HCP) recommended screening, and if so which test(s). Regression models conducted in 2022-2023 evaluated receipt of screening, adjusting for sociodemographics, year, and healthcare access. Results Overall, 54.0 % (95 % CI 53.1-54.9 %) of participants were up-to-date with screening (9.4 % aged 45-49 vs 75.5 % aged 65-75); prevalence increased from 2019 (52.9 %) to 2021(55.2 %). Adults with LEP (vs English proficiency) were less likely to be up-to-date with screening (31.6 % vs. 56.8 %, [aPR 0.86 (0.77-0.96)]). Among adults not up-to-date, 15.0 % reported their HCP recommended screening (8.4 % among adults with LEP). Conclusions Nearly half of US adults were not up-to-date with CRC screening in 2019 and 2021 and few reported being recommended screening. Adults with LEP and those 45-49 were least likely to be screened suggesting targeted interventions are needed for these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Bayly
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shrunjal Trivedi
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Mukamal
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Roger B. Davis
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Mara A. Schonberg
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States
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