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Sarrigeorgiou I, Rouka E, Kotsiou OS, Perlepe G, Gerovasileiou ES, Gourgoulianis KI, Lymberi P, Zarogiannis SG. Natural antibodies targeting LPS in pleural effusions of various etiologies. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L727-L735. [PMID: 38591123 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00377.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infection, cancer, and heart failure can cause abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity. The immune responses within the cavity are orchestrated by leucocytes that reside in the serosal-associated lymphoid tissue. Natural antibodies (NAbs) are abundant in the serum (S) having a major role in systemic and mucosal immunity; however, their occurrence in pleural fluid (PF) remains an open question. Our aim herein was to detect and measure the levels of NAbs (IgM, IgG, IgA) targeting lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in both the pleural fluid and the serum of 78 patients with pleural effusions (PEs) of various etiologies. The values of anti-LPS NAb activity were extracted through a normalization step regarding the total IgM, IgG, and IgA levels, all determined by in-house ELISA. In addition, the ratios of PF/S values were analyzed further with other critical biochemical parameters from pleural fluids. Anti-LPS NAbs of all Ig classes were detected in most of the samples, while a significant increase of anti-LPS activity was observed in infectious and noninfectious compared with malignant PEs. Multivariate linear regression confirmed a negative correlation of IgM and IgA anti-LPS PF/S ratio with malignancy. Moreover, anti-LPS NAbs PF/S measurements led to increased positive and negative predictive power in ROC curves generated for the discrimination between benign and malignant PEs. Our results highlight the role of anti-LPS NAbs in the pleural cavity and demonstrate the potential translational impact that should be further explored.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we describe the detection and quantification of natural antibodies (NAbs) in the human pleural cavity. We show for the first time that IgM, IgG, and IgA anti-LPS natural antibodies are detected and measured in pleural effusions of infectious, noninfectious, and malignant etiologies and provide clinical correlates to demonstrate the translational impact of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Sarrigeorgiou
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Erasmia Rouka
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ourania S Kotsiou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Garyfallia Perlepe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efrosini S Gerovasileiou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Peggy Lymberi
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Li D, Ma Y, Miao Y, Liu S, Bi Y, Ji Y, Wu Q, Zhou C, Ma Y. Peritoneal B1 and B2 cells respond differently to LPS and IL-21 stimulation. Mol Immunol 2024; 170:46-56. [PMID: 38615627 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Peritoneal B cells can be divided into B1 cells (CD11b+CD19+) and B2 cells (CD11b-CD19+) based on CD11b expression. B1 cells play a crucial role in the innate immune response by producing natural antibodies and cytokines. B2 cells share similar traits with B1 cells, influenced by the peritoneal environment. However, the response of both B1 and B2 cells to the same stimuli in the peritoneum remains uncertain. We isolated peritoneal B1 and B2 cells from mice and assessed differences in Interleukin-10(IL-10) secretion, apoptosis, and surface molecule expression following exposure to LPS and Interleukin-21(IL-21). Our findings indicate that B1 cells are potent IL-10 producers, possessing surface molecules with an IgMhiCD43+CD21low profile, and exhibit a propensity for apoptosis in vitro. Conversely, B2 cells exhibit lower IL-10 production and surface markers characterized as IgMlowCD43-CD21hi, indicative of some resistance to apoptosis. LPS stimulates MAPK phosphorylation in B1 and B2 cells, causing IL-10 production. Furthermore, LPS inhibits peritoneal B2 cell apoptosis by enhancing Bcl-xL expression. Conversely, IL-21 has no impact on IL-10 production in these cells. Nevertheless, impeding STAT3 phosphorylation permits IL-21 to increase IL-10 production in peritoneal B cells. Moreover, IL-21 significantly raises apoptosis levels in these cells, a process independent of STAT3 phosphorylation and possibly linked to reduced Bcl-xL expression. This study elucidates the distinct functional and response profiles of B1 and B2 cells in the peritoneum to stimuli like LPS and IL-21, highlighting their differential roles in immunological responses and B cell diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yanfen Ma
- The Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yinsha Miao
- Blood Transfusion Department, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, China
| | - Sasa Liu
- The Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yu Bi
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yanhong Ji
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qifei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Can Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yunfeng Ma
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Bird MF, Hebbes CP, Tamang A, Willets JM, Thompson JP, Guerrini R, Calo G, Lambert DG. In vitro sepsis up-regulates Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ receptor expression and function on human T- but not B-cells. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:2298-2314. [PMID: 37021779 PMCID: PMC10953342 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In animal models of sepsis, increased activation of the Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) receptor NOP is associated with mortality and NOP antagonists improved survival. We have explored the role of the N/OFQ-NOP system in freshly isolated volunteer human B- and T-cells incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan G (PepG) as a model of in vitro sepsis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH B- and T-cell NOP expression was measured using the NOP fluorescent probe N/OFQATTO594 , N/OFQ content was measured using immunofluorescence, N/OFQ release was tracked using a CHOhNOPGαiq5 biosensor assay and NOP function was measured using transwell migration and cytokine/chemokine release using a 25-plex assay format. Cells were challenged with LPS/PepG. KEY RESULTS CD19-positive B-cells bound N/OFQATTO594 ; they also contain N/OFQ. Stimulation with CXCL13/IL-4 increased N/OFQ release. N/OFQ trended to reduced migration to CXCL13/IL-4. Surface NOP expression was unaffected by LPS/PepG, but this treatment increased GM-CSF release in an N/OFQ sensitive manner. CD3-positive T-cells did not bind N/OFQATTO594 ; they did contain N/OFQ. Stimulation with CXCL12/IL-6 increased N/OFQ release. When incubated with LPS/PepG, NOP surface expression was induced leading to N/OFQATTO594 binding. In LPS/PepG-treated cells, N/OFQ reduced migration to CXCL12/IL-6. LPS/PepG increased GM-CSF release in an N/OFQ sensitive manner. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We suggest both a constitutive and sepsis-inducible N/OFQ-NOP receptor autocrine regulation of B- and T-cell function, respectively. These NOP receptors variably inhibit migration and reduce GM-CSF release. These data provide mechanistic insights to the detrimental role for increased N/OFQ signalling in sepsis and suggest a potential role for NOP antagonists as treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F. Bird
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain ManagementUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Christopher P. Hebbes
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain ManagementUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | | | | | - Jonathan P. Thompson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain ManagementUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
| | - Girolamo Calo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
| | - David G. Lambert
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain ManagementUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
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Mansourabadi AH, Aghamajidi A, Dorfaki M, Keshavarz F, Shafeghat Z, Moazzeni A, Arab FL, Rajabian A, Roozbehani M, Falak R, Faraji F, Jafari R. B lymphocytes in COVID-19: a tale of harmony and discordance. Arch Virol 2023; 168:148. [PMID: 37119286 PMCID: PMC10147999 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
B lymphocytes play a vital role in the human defense against viral infections by producing specific antibodies. They are also critical for the prevention of infectious diseases by vaccination, and their activation influences the efficacy of the vaccination. Since the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which became the main concern of the world health system, many efforts have been made to treat and prevent the disease. However, for the development of successful therapeutics and vaccines, it is necessary to understand the interplay between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, and the immune system. The innate immune system provides primary and nonspecific defense against the virus, but within several days after infection, a virus-specific immune response is provided first by antibody-producing B cells, which are converted after the resolution of disease to memory B cells, which provide long-term immunity. Although a failure in B cell activation or B cell dysfunction can cause a severe form of the disease and also lead to vaccination inefficiency, some individuals with B cell immunodeficiency have shown less production of the cytokine IL-6, resulting in a better disease outcome. In this review, we present the latest findings on the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and B lymphocytes during COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mansourabadi
- Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunogenetics Research Network (IgReN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Aghamajidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Dorfaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Keshavarz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Shafeghat
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Moazzeni
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Lavi Arab
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rajabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Roozbehani
- Vaccine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Falak
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Faraji
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Institue of Immunology and Infectious diseases, Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Floor 3, Building no. 3, Niyayesh St, Sattar Khan St, 1445613131, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Shafa St., Ershad Blvd, P.O. Box: 1138, 57147, Urmia, Iran.
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Busse M, Zenclussen AC. IL-10 Producing B Cells Protect against LPS-Induced Murine Preterm Birth by Promoting PD1- and ICOS-Expressing T Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172690. [PMID: 36078100 PMCID: PMC9454497 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells and in particular IL-10-secreting B cells emerge as important players in immune balance during pregnancy. We have recently revealed that CD19-deficient (CD19−/−), B cell-specific IL-10-deficient (BIL-10−/−) and B cell-deficient µMT pregnant mice are highly susceptible to LPS-induced preterm birth (PTB). We aimed to analyze the ability of IL-10-secreting cells to protect from PTB and the underlying mechanisms. Wild type (WT), CD19−/−, BIL-10−/− and µMT mice were treated with LPS at gd16 and the cellular immune response was investigated 24 h later. LPS-treated BIL-10−/− dams showed a more pronounced PTB phenotype compared to WT, CD19−/− and µMT females, and increased inflammatory and reduced anti-inflammatory mediator concentrations in the peritoneal cavity and serum. CD19−/−, BIL-10−/− and µMT mice displayed altered immune cell population frequencies in the blood and uterus with lower numbers of IL-10-secreting B cells and T cells. BIL-10−/− mothers presented decreased frequencies of uterine CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells. Co-stimulatory molecules are critical for feto-maternal tolerance and IL-10 secretion. We found dysregulated PD-1 expression in peripheral blood and ICOS expression in the uterus of CD19−/−, BIL-10−/− and µMT dams. Our data show that B cell-specific IL-10-signaling is essential for a balanced maternal immune response to an inflammatory stimulant that cannot be hampered without IL-10-secreting B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Busse
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Saxonian Incubator for Translation Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-2351265
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Royster W, Ochani M, Aziz M, Wang P. Therapeutic Potential of B-1a Cells in Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury. J Surg Res 2021; 268:326-336. [PMID: 34399355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute mesenteric ischemia is a common surgical emergency. Restoration of blood flow is a critical objective of treating this pathology. However, many patients suffer from ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injuries at the time of revascularization, requiring prolonged hospitalizations. B-1a cells are a subtype of B lymphocytes with roles in regulating inflammation and tissue injury by spontaneous release of natural IgM and IL-10. We hypothesized that treatment with B-1a cells protects mice from intestinal I/R. METHODS Mesenteric ischemia was induced in mice by placing a vascular clip on the superior mesenteric artery for 60 minutes. At the time of reperfusion, B-1a cells or PBS control were instilled into the peritoneal cavity (PerC) of mice. PerC lavage, blood, intestine, and lungs were collected 4 h after reperfusion. Serum organ injury and inflammatory markers such as ALT, AST, LDH, lactate, IL-6, as well as lung and gut histology and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were assessed. RESULTS In intestinal I/R, B-1a cell frequency and number in the PerC were significantly decreased compared to sham-operated mice. There was an increase in the serum levels of ALT, AST, LDH, lactate, and IL-6 when comparing the vehicle group with the sham group. These increases were significantly reduced in the B-1a cell treated group. B-1a cell treatment significantly decreased the intestine and lung injury scores as well as MPO content, compared to vehicle treated mice. B-1a cell treatment resulted in a reduction of apoptotic cells in these tissues. Serum IgM levels were decreased in intestinal I/R, while treatment with B-1a cells significantly increased their levels towards normal levels. CONCLUSIONS B-1a cell treatment at the time of mesenteric reperfusion ameliorates end organ damage and reduces systemic inflammation through the improvement of serum IgM levels. Preserving B-1a cells pool could serve as a novel therapeutic avenue in intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Royster
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York; Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, Manhasset, New York
| | - Mahendar Ochani
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York; Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, Manhasset, New York
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York; Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, Manhasset, New York; Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York.
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Royster W, Jin H, Wang P, Aziz M. Extracellular CIRP decreases Siglec-G expression on B-1a cells skewing them towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype in sepsis. Mol Med 2021; 27:55. [PMID: 34058975 PMCID: PMC8165807 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening disease syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to infection and injury. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern. Peritoneal cavity (PerC) B-1a cells attenuate inflammation and tissue injury by spontaneous releasing natural IgM and IL-10. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectin-G (Siglec-G) is a CD33-related receptor highly expressed in B-1a cells to serve critical immunoregulatory functions. In sepsis, B-1a cell numbers in PerC are decreased. We hypothesized that eCIRP causes the reduction of PerC B-1a cells and alters their function during sepsis. METHODS Sepsis was induced in WT and CIRP-/- mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). PerC washout cells were collected and B-1a cells and Siglec-G were assessed by flow cytometry. Mice were i.p. injected with recombinant murine (rm) CIRP and after 20 h, Siglec-G expression in PerC B-1a cells were assessed. PerC B-1a cells were treated with rmCIRP for 4 h and Siglec-G expression was assessed. PerC B-1a cells were pre-treated with anti-Siglec-G Ab and then after stimulated with rmCIRP for 24 h, IL-6 levels in the culture supernatants were assessed. RESULTS eCIRP levels in the PerC were elevated in septic mice. In WT mice, the frequencies and numbers of total and Siglec-G+ B-1a cells in the PerC were significantly decreased in the CLP group compared to sham group, whereas in CIRP-/- mice, their frequencies and numbers in sepsis were significantly rescued compared to WT septic mice. Mice injected with rmCIRP showed decreased frequencies and numbers of total and Siglec-G+ PerC B-1a cells compared to PBS-injected mice. In vitro treatment of PerC B-1a cells with rmCIRP demonstrated significant reduction in Siglec-G mRNA and protein compared to PBS group. PerC B-1a cells treated with anti-Siglec-G Ab had significantly higher production of IL-6 in response to rmCIRP compared to IgG control. Anti-Siglec-G Ab treated B-1a cells co-cultured with macrophages produced significantly higher levels of IL-6, and TNF-α, and lower levels of IL-10 compared to IgG-treated B-1a cells and macrophage co-cultures stimulated with rmCIRP. CONCLUSION eCIRP reduces PerC B-1a cell pool and skews them to a pro-inflammatory phenotype by downregulating Siglec-G expression. Targeting eCIRP will retain Siglec-G expressing B-1a cells in the PerC and preserve their anti-inflammatory function in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Royster
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine At Hofstra/Northwell, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Hui Jin
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine At Hofstra/Northwell, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine At Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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Riese J, Gromann A, Lührs F, Kleinwort A, Schulze T. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Type 4 (S1P 4) Is Differentially Regulated in Peritoneal B1 B Cells upon TLR4 Stimulation and Facilitates the Egress of Peritoneal B1a B Cells and Subsequent Accumulation of Splenic IRA B Cells under Inflammatory Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073465. [PMID: 33801658 PMCID: PMC8037865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gram-negative infections of the peritoneal cavity result in profound modifications of peritoneal B cell populations and induce the migration of peritoneal B cells to distant secondary lymphoid organs. However, mechanisms controlling the egress of peritoneal B cells from the peritoneal cavity and their subsequent trafficking remain incompletely understood. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-mediated signaling controls migratory processes in numerous immune cells. The present work investigates the role of S1P-mediated signaling in peritoneal B cell trafficking under inflammatory conditions. Methods: Differential S1P receptor expression after peritoneal B cell activation was assessed semi‑quantitatively using RT-PCR in vitro. The functional implications of differential S1P1 and S1P4 expression were assessed by transwell migration in vitro, by adoptive peritoneal B cell transfer in a model of sterile lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced peritonitis and in the polymicrobial colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP) model. Results: The two sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) expressed in peritoneal B cell subsets S1P1 and S1P4 are differentially regulated upon stimulation with the TLR4 agonist LPS, but not upon PMA/ionomycin or B cell receptor (BCR) crosslinking. S1P4 deficiency affects both the trafficking of activated peritoneal B cells to secondary lymphoid organs and the positioning of these cells within the functional compartments of the targeted organ. S1P4 deficiency in LPS-activated peritoneal B cells results in significantly reduced numbers of splenic innate response activator B cells. Conclusions: The S1P-S1PR system is implicated in the trafficking of LPS-activated peritoneal B cells. Given the protective role of peritoneal B1a B cells in peritoneal sepsis, further experiments to investigate the impact of S1P4-mediated signaling on the severity and mortality of peritoneal sepsis are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janik Riese
- Experimental Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alina Gromann
- Experimental Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Felix Lührs
- Experimental Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annabel Kleinwort
- Experimental Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tobias Schulze
- Experimental Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
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Upadhye A, Marshall M, Garmey JC, Bender TP, McNamara C. Retroviral Overexpression of CXCR4 on Murine B-1a Cells and Adoptive Transfer for Targeted B-1a Cell Migration to the Bone Marrow and IgM Production. J Vis Exp 2020. [PMID: 32538902 DOI: 10.3791/61003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As cell function is influenced by niche-specific factors in the cellular microenvironment, methods to dissect cell localization and migration can provide further insight on cell function. B-1a cells are a unique B cell subset in mice that produce protective natural IgM antibodies against oxidation-specific epitopes that arise during health and disease. B-1a cell IgM production differs depending on B-1a cell location, and therefore it becomes useful from a therapeutic standpoint to target B-1a localization to niches supportive of high antibody production. Here we describe a method to target B-1a cell migration to the bone marrow by retroviral-mediated overexpression of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Gene induction in primary murine B cells can be challenging and typically yields low transfection efficiencies of 10-20% depending on technique. Here we demonstrate that retroviral transduction of primary murine B-1a cells results in 30-40% transduction efficiency. This method utilizes adoptive cell transfer of transduced B-1a cells into B cell-deficient recipient mice so that donor B-1a cell migration and localization can be visualized. This protocol can be modified for other retroviral constructs and can be used in diverse functional assays post-adoptive transfer, including analysis of donor cell or host cell phenotype and function, or analysis of soluble factors secreted post B-1a cell transfer. The use of distinct donor and recipient mice differentiated by CD45.1 and CD45.2 allotype and the presence of a GFP reporter within the retroviral plasmid could also enable detection of donor cells in other, immune-sufficient mouse models containing endogenous B cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Upadhye
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Cancer Biology, University of Virginia
| | | | | | - Timothy P Bender
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia
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10
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Nicolai O, Pötschke C, Schmoeckel K, Darisipudi MN, van der Linde J, Raafat D, Bröker BM. Antibody Production in Murine Polymicrobial Sepsis-Kinetics and Key Players. Front Immunol 2020; 11:828. [PMID: 32425951 PMCID: PMC7205023 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although antigen-specific priming of antibody responses is impaired during sepsis, there is nevertheless a strong increase in IgM and IgG serum concentrations. Using colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP), a mouse model of polymicrobial abdominal sepsis, we observed substantial increases in IgM as well as IgG of all subclasses, starting at day 3 and peaking 2 weeks after sepsis induction. The dominant source of antibody-secreting cells was by far the spleen, with a minor contribution of the mesenteric lymph nodes. Remarkably, sepsis induction in splenectomized mice did not change the dynamics of the serum IgM/IgG reaction, indicating that the marginal zone B cells, which almost exclusively reside in the spleen, are dispensable in such a setting. Hence, in systemic bacterial infection, the function of the spleen as dominant niche of antibody-producing cells can be compensated by extra-splenic B cell populations as well as other lymphoid organs. Depletion of CD4+ T cells did not affect the IgM response, while it impaired IgG generation of all subclasses with the exception of IgG3. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the robust class-switched antibody response in sepsis encompasses both T cell-dependent and -independent components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Nicolai
- Immunology Department, Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Pötschke
- Immunology Department, Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katrin Schmoeckel
- Immunology Department, Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Murthy N Darisipudi
- Immunology Department, Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julia van der Linde
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dina Raafat
- Immunology Department, Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Barbara M Bröker
- Immunology Department, Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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11
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Homeostasis and regulation of autoreactive B cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17:561-569. [PMID: 32382130 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the previous belief that autoreactive B cells are eliminated from the normal repertoire of B cells, many autoreactive B cells actually escape clonal deletion and develop into mature B cells. These autoreactive B cells in healthy individuals perform some beneficial functions in the host and are homeostatically regulated by regulatory T and B cells or other mechanisms to prevent autoimmune diseases. Autoreactive B-1 cells constitutively produce polyreactive natural antibodies for tissue homeostasis. Recently, autoreactive follicular B cells were reported to participate actively in the germinal center reaction. Furthermore, the selection and usefulness of autoreactive marginal zone (MZ) B cells found in autoimmune diseases are not well understood, although the repertoire of MZ B-cell receptors (BCRs) is presumed to be biased to detect bacterial antigens. In this review, we discuss the autoreactive B-cell populations among all three major B-cell subsets and their regulation in immune responses and diseases.
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12
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Abstract
B-1 cells represent an innate-like early-developing B cell population, whose existence as an independent lymphocyte subset has been questioned in the past. Recent molecular and lineage tracing studies have not only confirmed their unique origins and differentiation paths, they have also provided a rationale for their distinctive functionalities compared to conventional B cells. This review summarizes our current understanding of B-1 cell development, and the activation events that regulate B-1 cell responses to self and foreign antigens. We discuss the unresolved question to what extent BCR engagement, that is, antigen-specificity versus innate signaling contributes to B-1 cell's participation in tissue homeostasis and immune defense as providers of 'natural' and antigen-induced antibody responses, and as cytokine-producing immune regulators.
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13
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Park C, Kim TJ. Expansion and Sub-Classification of T Cell-Dependent Antibody Responses to Encompass the Role of Innate-Like T Cells in Antibody Responses. Immune Netw 2018; 18:e34. [PMID: 30402329 PMCID: PMC6215906 DOI: 10.4110/in.2018.18.e34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to T cell-dependent (TD) Ab responses, T cells can also regulate T cell-independent (TI) B cell responses in the absence of a specific major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and antigenic peptide-based interaction between T and B cells. The elucidation of T cells capable of supporting TI Ab responses is important for understanding the cellular mechanism of different types of TI Ab responses. Natural killer T (NKT) cells represent 1 type of helper T cells involved in TI Ab responses and more candidate helper T cells responsible for TI Ab responses may also include γδ T cells and recently reported B-1 helper CD4+ T cells. Marginal zone (MZ) B and B-1 cells, 2 major innate-like B cell subsets considered to function independently of T cells, interact with innate-like T cells. Whereas MZ B and NKT cells interact mutually for a rapid response to blood-borne infection, peritoneal memory phenotype CD49dhighCD4+ T cells support natural Ab secretion by B-1 cells. Here the role of innate-like T cells in the so-called TI Ab response is discussed. To accommodate the involvement of T cells in the TI Ab responses, we suggest an expanded classification of TD Ab responses that incorporate cognate and non-cognate B cell help by innate-like T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanho Park
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
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14
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LPS-mediated cell surface expression of CD74 promotes the proliferation of B cells in response to MIF. Cell Signal 2018; 46:32-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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15
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Scapigliati G, Fausto AM, Picchietti S. Fish Lymphocytes: An Evolutionary Equivalent of Mammalian Innate-Like Lymphocytes? Front Immunol 2018; 9:971. [PMID: 29867952 PMCID: PMC5949566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytes are the responsible of adaptive responses, as they are classically described, but evidence shows that subpopulations of mammalian lymphocytes may behave as innate-like cells, engaging non-self rapidly and without antigen presentation. The innate-like lymphocytes of mammals have been mainly identified as γδT cells and B1-B cells, exert their activities principally in mucosal tissues, may be involved in human pathologies and their functions and tissue(s) of origin are not fully understood. Due to similarities in the morphology and immunobiology of immune system between fish and mammals, and to the uniqueness of having free-living larval stages where the development can be precisely monitored and engineered, teleost fish are proposed as an experimental model to investigate human immunity. However, the homology between fish lymphocytes and mammalian innate-like lymphocytes is an issue poorly considered in comparative immunology. Increasing experimental evidence suggests that fish lymphocytes could have developmental, morphological, and functional features in common with innate-like lymphocytes of mammals. Despite such similarities, information on possible links between conventional fish lymphocytes and mammalian innate-like lymphocytes is missing. The aim of this review is to summarize and describe available findings about the similarities between fish lymphocytes and mammalian innate-like lymphocytes, supporting the hypothesis that mammalian γδT cells and B1-B cells could be evolutionarily related to fish lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Scapigliati
- Dipartimento per l'Innovazione nei sistemi biologici, agroalimentari e forestali, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Anna M Fausto
- Dipartimento per l'Innovazione nei sistemi biologici, agroalimentari e forestali, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Simona Picchietti
- Dipartimento per l'Innovazione nei sistemi biologici, agroalimentari e forestali, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jin Kim
- Division of Immunobiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Langanke dos Santos D, Alvares-Saraiva AM, Xavier JG, Spadacci-Morena DD, Peres GB, Dell'Armelina Rocha PR, Perez EC, Lallo MA. B-1 cells upregulate CD8 T lymphocytes and increase proinflammatory cytokines serum levels in oral encephalitozoonosis. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:196-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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S1P Signalling Differentially Affects Migration of Peritoneal B Cell Populations In Vitro and Influences the Production of Intestinal IgA In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020391. [PMID: 29382132 PMCID: PMC5855613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) regulates the migration of follicular B cells (B2 cells) and directs the positioning of Marginal zone B cells (MZ B cells) within the spleen. The function of S1P signalling in the third B cell lineage, B1 B cells, mainly present in the pleural and peritoneal cavity, has not yet been determined. Methods: S1P receptor expression was analysed in peritoneal B cells by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The chemotactic response to S1P was studied in vitro. The role of S1P signalling was further explored in a s1p4−/− mouse strain. Results: Peritoneal B cells expressed considerable amounts of the S1P receptors 1 and 4 (S1P1 and S1P4, respectively). S1P1 showed differential expression between the distinct peritoneal B cell lineages. While B2 cells showed no chemotactic response to S1P, B1 B cells showed a migration response to S1P. s1p4−/− mice displayed significant alterations in the composition of peritoneal B cell populations, as well as a significant reduction of mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the gut. Discussion: S1P signalling influences peritoneal B1 B cell migration. S1P4 deficiency alters the composition of peritoneal B cell populations and reduces secretory IgA levels. These findings suggest that S1P signalling may be a target to modulate B cell function in inflammatory intestinal pathologies.
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19
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Richards AL, Howie HL, Kapp LM, Hendrickson JE, Zimring JC, Hudson KE. Innate B-1 B Cells Are Not Enriched in Red Blood Cell Autoimmune Mice: Importance of B Cell Receptor Transgenic Selection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1366. [PMID: 29163471 PMCID: PMC5675845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) results from breakdown of humoral tolerance to RBC antigens. Past analyses of B-cell receptor transgenic (BCR-Tg) mice that recognize RBC autoantigens led to a paradigm in which autoreactive conventional B-2 B cells are deleted whereas extramedullary B-1 B cells escape deletion due to lack of exposure to RBCs. However, BCR-Tg mice utilized to shape the current paradigm were unable to undergo receptor editing or class-switching. Given the importance of receptor editing as mechanism to tolerize autoreactive B cells during central tolerance, we hypothesized that expansion of autoreactive B-1 B cells is a consequence of the inability of the autoreactive BCR to receptor edit. To test this hypothesis, we crossed two separate strains of BCR-Tg mice with transgenic mice expressing the BCR target on RBCs. Both BCR-Tg mice express the same immunoglobulin and, thus, secrete antibodies with identical specificity, but one strain (SwHEL) has normal receptor editing, whereas the other (IgHEL) does not. Similar to other AIHA models, the autoreactive IgHEL strain showed decreased B-2 B cells, an enrichment of B-1 B cells, and detectable anti-RBC autoantibodies and decreased RBC hematocrit and hemoglobin values. However, autoreactive SwHEL mice had induction of tolerance in both B-2 and B-1 B cells with anti-RBC autoantibody production without anemia. These data generate new understanding and challenge the existing paradigm of B cell tolerance to RBC autoantigens. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate that immune responses vary when BCR-Tg do not retain BCR editing and class-switching functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather L Howie
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Linda M Kapp
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jeanne E Hendrickson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - James C Zimring
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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20
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Meza-Perez S, Randall TD. Immunological Functions of the Omentum. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:526-536. [PMID: 28579319 PMCID: PMC5812451 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The omentum is a visceral adipose tissue with unique immune functions. Although it is primarily an adipose tissue, the omentum also contains lymphoid aggregates, called milky spots (MSs), that contribute to peritoneal immunity by collecting antigens, particulates, and pathogens from the peritoneal cavity and, depending on the stimuli, promoting a variety of immune responses, including inflammation, tolerance, or even fibrosis. Reciprocal interactions between cells in the MS and adipocytes regulate their immune and metabolic functions. Importantly, the omentum collects metastasizing tumor cells and supports tumor growth by immunological and metabolic mechanisms. Here we summarize our current knowledge about the development, organization, and function of the omentum in peritoneal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Meza-Perez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Troy D Randall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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21
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Soleto I, Abós B, Castro R, González L, Tafalla C, Granja AG. The BAFF / APRIL axis plays an important role in virus-induced peritoneal responses in rainbow trout. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 64:210-217. [PMID: 28302579 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
IgM+ B cells have been recently demonstrated to be key regulators of peritoneal inflammation in teleost, as a large number of them occupy the peritoneal cavity after 48 h of antigenic stimulation. Despite this, the number of studies addressing the mechanism through which this cell population expands and differentiates in response to stimuli has been scarcely addressed. Because the BAFF/APRIL axis is known to play a major role in B cell survival and differentiation in mammals, we hypothesized that it could be affected in the peritoneal cavity in response to an inflammatory stimulus. To verify this hypothesis, we studied how BAFF, APRIL and the fish-specific related cytokine BALM as well as their putative receptors are regulated in rainbow trout after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). When the transcriptional analysis was performed in total cells from the peritoneum, we observed that VHSV provoked an up-regulation of both BAFF and BAFF receptor (BAFF-R) mRNA levels. However, when we examined how isolated peritoneal IgM+ B cells were transcriptionally affected by VHSV i.p. injection, we found that APRIL, BALM and the transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) were also up-regulated in response to the virus. IgM- cells, on the other hand, only up-regulated BALM transcription in response to VHSV. Finally, to gain further insight on the role that these cytokines play in the peritoneum, we have studied their effect on the survival of peritoneal IgM+ B cells. This work demonstrates a key role for the BAFF/APRIL axis in the peritoneal inflammatory response and contributes to further understanding how IgM+ B cells are regulated at this specific peripheral site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Soleto
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Abós
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Castro
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia González
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aitor G Granja
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Castro R, Abós B, González L, Granja AG, Tafalla C. Expansion and differentiation of IgM + B cells in the rainbow trout peritoneal cavity in response to different antigens. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:119-127. [PMID: 28088353 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
To date, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection seems to be the most effective vaccination route in aquaculture, as many i.p. administered fish vaccines are capable of conferring strong and long-lasting immune responses. Despite this, how peritoneal leukocytes are regulated upon antigen encounter has only been scarcely studied in fish. Although, in the past, myeloid cells were thought to be the main responders to peritoneal inflammation, a recent study revealed that IgM+ B cells are one of the main cell types in the teleost peritoneal cavity in response to pathogenic bacteria. Thus, in the current work, we have focused on establishing how IgM+ B cells are recruited into the peritoneum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) comparing different antigens: Escherichia coli as a bacterial model, E. coli-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). In addition to studying their capacity to dominate the peritoneal cavity, we have established how these IgM+ B cells are regulated in response to the different antigens, determining their levels of IgM secretion, surface MHC II expression, cell size and phagocytic abilities. Our results reveal that IgM+ B cells are one of the main cell types amplified in the peritoneum in response to either bacterial or viral antigens and that these immunogenic stimulations provoke a differentiation of some of these cells towards plasmablasts/plasma cells whereas others seem to be implicated in antigen presentation. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immune processes that regulate peritoneal inflammation in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Castro
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Abós
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia González
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aitor G Granja
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Infection with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis induces B-1 cell migration and activation of regulatory T cells. Microbes Infect 2016; 18:798-803. [PMID: 27521490 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis endemic to Latin America. The infection is initiated by inhalation of conidia into the lung and may develop as localized or disseminated disease depending on the depression of cellular immunity. In the present study, we observed that intratracheal infection with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis caused the percentage of resident B-1 cells to decrease. Using xid mice reconstituted with B-1 cells, we observed that B-1 cells migrate to the spleen and stimulate increases in the regulatory T cell subpopulation in response to P. brasiliensis infection. Collectively, these data demonstrate an active role for B-1 cells in susceptibility to paracoccidioidomycosis.
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24
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Waffarn EE, Hastey CJ, Dixit N, Soo Choi Y, Cherry S, Kalinke U, Simon SI, Baumgarth N. Infection-induced type I interferons activate CD11b on B-1 cells for subsequent lymph node accumulation. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8991. [PMID: 26612263 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate-like B-1a lymphocytes rapidly redistribute to regional mediastinal lymph nodes (MedLNs) during influenza infection to generate protective IgM. Here we demonstrate that influenza infection-induced type I interferons directly stimulate body cavity B-1 cells and are a necessary signal required for B-1 cell accumulation in MedLNs. Vascular mimetic flow chamber studies show that type I interferons increase ligand-mediated B-1 cell adhesion under shear stress by inducing high-affinity conformation shifts of surface-expressed integrins. In vivo trafficking experiments identify CD11b as the non-redundant, interferon-activated integrin required for B-1 cell accumulation in MedLNs. Thus, CD11b on B-1 cells senses infection-induced innate signals and facilitates their rapid sequester into secondary lymphoid tissues, thereby regulating the accumulation of polyreactive IgM producers at sites of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E Waffarn
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.,The Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Christine J Hastey
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.,The Graduate Group in Microbiology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Neha Dixit
- The Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Youn Soo Choi
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.,The Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Simon Cherry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Hannover Medical School, 7 Feodor-Lynen Strasse, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Scott I Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Nicole Baumgarth
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
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25
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Skirecki T, Kawiak J, Machaj E, Pojda Z, Wasilewska D, Czubak J, Hoser G. Early severe impairment of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow caused by CLP sepsis and endotoxemia in a humanized mice model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:142. [PMID: 26272069 PMCID: PMC4536694 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction An effective immune response to severe bacterial infections requires a robust production of the innate immunity cells from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in a process called emergency myelopoiesis. In sepsis, an altered immune response that leads to a failure of bacterial clearance is often observed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of sepsis on human HSPCs in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment of humanized mice subjected to acute endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis. Methods Humanized mice (hu-NSG) were generated by transplanting NOD.Cg-Prkdc/scidIL2rγ (NSG) mice with the human cord blood CD34+ cells. Eight weeks after the transplantation, hu-NSG mice were subjected to sepsis induced by endotoxemia—Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)—or by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Twenty-four hours later, HSPCs from BM were analyzed by flow cytometry and colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. CLP after inhibition of Notch signaling was also performed. The effects of LPS on the in vitro proliferation of CD34+ cells from human BM were tested by CellTrace Violet dye staining. Results The expression of Toll-like receptor 4 receptor was present among engrafted human HSPCs. Both CLP and endotoxemia decreased (by 43 % and 37 %) cellularity of the BM. In addition, in both models, accumulation of early CD34+ CD38− HSCs was observed, but the number of CD34+ CD38+ progenitors decreased. After CLP, there was a 1.5-fold increase of proliferating CD34+ CD38−Ki-67+ cells. Moreover, CFU assay revealed a depressed (by 75 % after LPS and by 50 % after CLP) production of human hematopoietic colonies from the BM of septic mice. In contrast, in vitro LPS stimulated differentiation of CD34+ CD38− HSCs but did not induce proliferation of these cells in contrast to the CD34+ CD38+ progenitors. CLP sepsis modulated the BM microenvironment by upregulation of Jagged-1 expression on non-hematopoietic cells, and the proliferation of HSCs was Notch-dependent. Conclusions CLP sepsis and endotoxemia induced a similar expansion and proliferation of early HSCs in the BM, while committed progenitors decreased. It is suggestive that the Notch pathway contributed to this effect. Targeting early hematopoiesis may be considered as a viable alternative in the existing arsenal of supportive therapies in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Skirecki
- Department of Flow Cytometry, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Czerniakowska 231, 00-416, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Kawiak
- Department of Flow Cytometry, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Eugeniusz Machaj
- Department of Cellular Engineering, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, W. Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Zygmunt Pojda
- Department of Cellular Engineering, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, W. Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Danuta Wasilewska
- Department of Clinical Cytology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymocnka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Czubak
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Konarskiego 13, 05-400, Otwock, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Hoser
- Department of Clinical Cytology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymocnka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland.
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Baumgarth N, Waffarn EE, Nguyen TTT. Natural and induced B-1 cell immunity to infections raises questions of nature versus nurture. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1362:188-99. [PMID: 26060895 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mouse B-1 cells are not only major producers of steady-state natural antibodies but also rapid responders to infections and inflammation. These discrete functions may be the outcomes of distinct environmental or developmental triggers that drive B-1 cells toward IgM production or an effector cell fate. Alternatively, distinct B-1 cell subsets may exist, which differ in their functional plasticity. In this paper, we summarize existing data suggesting that B-1 cells form a heterogeneous group of cells with distinct developmental requirements and nonoverlapping functions. Most spleen B-1 cells differ in development from that of bone marrow and peritoneal cavity B-1 cells, in that they develop in the absence of natural IgM. Functional heterogeneity is revealed by findings that B-1 cells in the bone marrow and spleen, but not the peritoneal cavity, generate natural serum IgM, while the latter are rapid responders to inflammatory and infectious insults, resulting in their relocation to secondary lymphoid tissues. A clearer understanding of the developmental and functional differences within the B-1 cell pool may reveal how they might be harnessed for prophylaxis or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Baumgarth
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.,Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Elizabeth E Waffarn
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Trang T T Nguyen
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.,Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California, Davis, California
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Moon H, Park C, Lee JG, Shin SH, Lee JH, Kho I, Kang K, Cha HS, Kim TJ. Early Development in the Peritoneal Cavity of CD49dhigh Th1 Memory Phenotype CD4+ T Cells with Enhanced B Cell Helper Activity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:564-75. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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28
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Vo H, Chiu J, Allaimo D, Mao C, Wang Y, Gong Y, Ow H, Porter T, Zhong X. High fat diet deviates PtC-specific B1 B cell phagocytosis in obese mice. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2014; 2:254-61. [PMID: 25866632 PMCID: PMC4386919 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytosis had been attributed predominantly to "professional" phagocytes such as macrophages, which play critical roles in adipose tissue inflammation. However, recently, macrophage-like phagocytic activity has been reported in B1 B lymphocytes. Intrigued by the long-established correlation between high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and immune dysfunction, we investigated how HFD affects B1 B cell phagocytosis. A significant number of B1 B cells recognize phosphatidylcholine (PtC), a common phospholipid component of cell membrane. We report here that unlike macrophages, B1 B cells have a unique PtC-specific phagocytic function. In the presence of both PtC-coated and non-PtC control fluorescent nano-particles, B1 B cells from healthy lean mice selectively engulfed PtC-coated beads, whereas B1 B cells from HFD-fed obese mice non-discriminately phagocytosed both PtC-coated and control beads. Morphologically, B1 B cells from obese mice resembled macrophages, displaying enlarged cytosol and engulfed more beads. Our study suggests for the first time that HFD can affect B1 B cell phagocytosis, substantiating the link of HFD-induced obesity and immune deviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Vo
- Hematology Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center Boston, MA
| | - Joanna Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University Boston, MA
| | - Danielle Allaimo
- Hematology Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center Boston, MA
| | - Changchuin Mao
- Hematology Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center Boston, MA
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Hybrid Silica Technologies Cambridge, MA
| | | | | | - Tyrone Porter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University Boston, MA ; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University Boston, MA
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- Hematology Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center Boston, MA
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29
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Rodrigues de Santana F, Coelho CDP, Cardoso TN, Laurenti MD, Perez Hurtado EC, Bonamin LV. Modulation of inflammation response to murine cutaneous Leishmaniosis by homeopathic medicines: thymulin 5cH. HOMEOPATHY 2014; 103:275-84. [PMID: 25439044 DOI: 10.1016/j.homp.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In previous studies, we observed that thymulin 5cH could modulate BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) induced chronic inflammation by increasing peritoneal B1 stem cells differentiation into phagocytes and improving phagocytosis efficiency. METHODS We used the same protocol to study the effects of thymulin 5cH in the experimental murine Leishmaniasis, in order to elucidate some aspects of the parasite-host relation under this homeopathic treatment. Male Balb/c mice were orally treated with thymulin 5cH or vehicle during 60 days, after the subcutaneous inoculation of 2 × 10(6) units of Leishmania (L.) amazonensis into the footpad. Washied inflammatory cell suspension from peritoneal cavity, spleen, local lymph node and infected subcutaneous tissue were harvested after 2 and 60 days from infection to quantify the inflammation cells by flow cytometry and histometry methods. RESULTS After a transitory increase of peritoneal T reg cells, treated mice presented, chronically, increase in the peritoneal and spleen B1 cells percentage (p = 0.0001) in relation to other cell types; more organized and exuberant inflammation response in the infection site, and decrease in the number of parasites per field inside the primary lesion (p = 0.05). No difference was seen in local lymph node histology. CONCLUSIONS Thymulin 5cH is able to improve B1 cell activation and Leishmania (L) amazonensis phagocytosis efficiency in mice, similarly to that observed previously in BCG experimental infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Rodrigues de Santana
- Research Center of Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade de Santo Amaro, Brazil
| | - Cidéli de Paula Coelho
- Research Center of Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade de Santo Amaro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leoni Villano Bonamin
- Research Center of Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade de Santo Amaro, Brazil.
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30
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Baldan A, Gonen A, Choung C, Que X, Marquart TJ, Hernandez I, Bjorkhem I, Ford DA, Witztum JL, Tarling EJ. ABCG1 is required for pulmonary B-1 B cell and natural antibody homeostasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:5637-48. [PMID: 25339664 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many metabolic diseases, including atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, and obesity, have a chronic inflammatory component involving both innate and adaptive immunity. Mice lacking the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) develop chronic inflammation in the lungs, which is associated with the lipid accumulation (cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and phospholipid) and cholesterol crystal deposition that are characteristic of atherosclerotic lesions and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. In this article, we demonstrate that specific lipids, likely oxidized phospholipids and/or sterols, elicit a lung-specific immune response in Abcg1(-/-) mice. Loss of ABCG1 results in increased levels of specific oxysterols, phosphatidylcholines, and oxidized phospholipids, including 1-palmitoyl-2-(5'-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, in the lungs. Further, we identify a niche-specific increase in natural Ab (NAb)-secreting B-1 B cells in response to this lipid accumulation that is paralleled by increased titers of IgM, IgA, and IgG against oxidation-specific epitopes, such as those on oxidized low-density lipoprotein and malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein. Finally, we identify a cytokine/chemokine signature that is reflective of increased B cell activation, Ab secretion, and homing. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the accumulation of lipids in Abcg1(-/-) mice induces the specific expansion and localization of B-1 B cells, which secrete NAbs that may help to protect against the development of atherosclerosis. Indeed, despite chronic lipid accumulation and inflammation, hyperlipidemic mice lacking ABCG1 develop smaller atherosclerotic lesions compared with controls. These data also suggest that Abcg1(-/-) mice may represent a new model in which to study the protective functions of B-1 B cells/NAbs and suggest novel targets for pharmacologic intervention and treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Baldan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Ayelet Gonen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Christina Choung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Xuchu Que
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Tyler J Marquart
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Irene Hernandez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas - Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid 28006; Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina IIBM-Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas 35016, Spain; and
| | | | - David A Ford
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Elizabeth J Tarling
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
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31
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Weber GF, Chousterman BG, Hilgendorf I, Robbins CS, Theurl I, Gerhardt LMS, Iwamoto Y, Quach TD, Ali M, Chen JW, Rothstein TL, Nahrendorf M, Weissleder R, Swirski FK. Pleural innate response activator B cells protect against pneumonia via a GM-CSF-IgM axis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1243-56. [PMID: 24821911 PMCID: PMC4042649 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20131471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In response to lung infection, pleural innate response activator B cells produce GM-CSF–dependent IgM and ensure a frontline defense against bacterial invasion. Pneumonia is a major cause of mortality worldwide and a serious problem in critical care medicine, but the immunophysiological processes that confer either protection or morbidity are not completely understood. We show that in response to lung infection, B1a B cells migrate from the pleural space to the lung parenchyma to secrete polyreactive emergency immunoglobulin M (IgM). The process requires innate response activator (IRA) B cells, a transitional B1a-derived inflammatory subset which controls IgM production via autocrine granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) signaling. The strategic location of these cells, coupled with the capacity to produce GM-CSF–dependent IgM, ensures effective early frontline defense against bacteria invading the lungs. The study describes a previously unrecognized GM-CSF-IgM axis and positions IRA B cells as orchestrators of protective IgM immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg F Weber
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Benjamin G Chousterman
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Clinton S Robbins
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Igor Theurl
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Louisa M S Gerhardt
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Yoshiko Iwamoto
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Tam D Quach
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - John W Chen
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Thomas L Rothstein
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
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32
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LPS response pattern of inflammatory adipokines in an in vitro 3T3-L1 murine adipocyte model. Inflamm Res 2014; 63:495-507. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-014-0721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Margry B, Wieland WH, van Kooten PJ, van Eden W, Broere F. Peritoneal cavity B-1a cells promote peripheral CD4+T-cell activation. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:2317-26. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bram Margry
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Willemien H. Wieland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Peter J. van Kooten
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Willem van Eden
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
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Immunomodulation of Homeopathic Thymulin 5CH in a BCG-Induced Granuloma Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:686018. [PMID: 23431344 PMCID: PMC3569925 DOI: 10.1155/2013/686018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study analyzed the immune modulation mechanisms of thymulin 5CH in a granuloma experimental model. Male adult Balb/c mice were inoculated with BCG into the footpad to induce granuloma, which was quantitatively evaluated. The phenotypic characterization of phagocyte, T- and B-lymphocyte populations in the peritoneum, and local lymph node was done by flow cytometry. During all experimental periods, thymulin 5CH and vehicle (control) were given ad libitum to mice, diluted into the drinking water (1.6 × 10−17 M). After 7 days from inoculation, thymulin-treated mice presented reduction in the number of epithelioid cytokeratine-positive cells (P = 0.0001) in the lesion, in relation to young phagocytes. After 21 days, the differentiation of B1 peritoneal stem cells into phagocytes reached the peak, being higher in thymulin-treated mice (P = 0.0001). Simultaneously, the score of infected phagocytes in the lesion decreased (P = 0.001), and the number of B1-derived phagocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the local lymph node increased in relation to control (P = 0.0001). No difference was seen on the CD25+ Treg cells. The results show that thymulin 5CH treatment is able to improve the granuloma inflammatory process and the infection remission, by modulating local and systemic phagocyte differentiation.
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Characterization of omental immune aggregates during establishment of a latent gammaherpesvirus infection. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43196. [PMID: 22952645 PMCID: PMC3430671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpesviruses are characterized by their ability to establish lifelong latent infection. The gammaherpesvirus subfamily is distinguished by lymphotropism, establishing and maintaining latent infection predominantly in B lymphocytes. Consequently, gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis is closely linked to normal B cell physiology. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) pathogenesis in laboratory mice has been extensively studied as a model system to gain insights into the nature of gammaherpesvirus infection in B cells and their associated lymphoid compartments. In addition to B cells, MHV68 infection of macrophages contributes significantly to the frequency of viral genome-positive cells in the peritoneal cavity throughout latency. The omentum, a sheet of richly-vascularized adipose tissue, resides in the peritoneal cavity and contains clusters of immune cell aggregates termed milky spots. Although the value of the omentum in surgical wound-healing has long been appreciated, the unique properties of this tissue and its contribution to both innate and adaptive immunity have only recently been recognized. To determine whether the omentum plays a role in gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis we examined this site during early MHV68 infection and long-term latency. Following intraperitoneal infection, immune aggregates within the omentum expanded in size and number and contained virus-infected cells. Notably, a germinal-center B cell population appeared in the omentum of infected animals with earlier kinetics and greater magnitude than that observed in the spleen. Furthermore, the omentum harbored a stable frequency of viral genome-positive cells through early and into long-term latency, while removal of the omentum prior to infection resulted in a slight decrease in the establishment of splenic latency following intraperitoneal infection. These data provide the first evidence that the omentum is a site of chronic MHV68 infection that may contribute to the maintenance of chronic infection.
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