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Li YN, Su JL, Tan SH, Chen XL, Cheng TL, Jiang Z, Luo YZ, Zhang LM. Machine learning based on metabolomics unveils neutrophil extracellular trap-related metabolic signatures in non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing chemoimmunotherapy. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:4091-4107. [PMID: 39015934 PMCID: PMC11235537 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i20.4091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the primary form of lung cancer, and the combination of chemotherapy with immunotherapy offers promising treatment options for patients suffering from this disease. However, the emergence of drug resistance significantly limits the effectiveness of these therapeutic strategies. Consequently, it is imperative to devise methods for accurately detecting and evaluating the efficacy of these treatments. AIM To identify the metabolic signatures associated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and chemoimmunotherapy efficacy in NSCLC patients. METHODS In total, 159 NSCLC patients undergoing first-line chemoimmunotherapy were enrolled. We first investigated the characteristics influencing clinical efficacy. Circulating levels of NETs and cytokines were measured by commercial kits. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry quantified plasma metabolites, and differential metabolites were identified. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, support vector machine-recursive feature elimination, and random forest algorithms were employed. By using plasma metabolic profiles and machine learning algorithms, predictive metabolic signatures were established. RESULTS First, the levels of circulating interleukin-8, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and NETs were closely related to poor efficacy of first-line chemoimmunotherapy. Patients were classed into a low NET group or a high NET group. A total of 54 differential plasma metabolites were identified. These metabolites were primarily involved in arachidonic acid and purine metabolism. Three key metabolites were identified as crucial variables, including 8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid, L-malate, and bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate (18:1/16:0). Using metabolomic sequencing data and machine learning methods, key metabolic signatures were screened to predict NET level as well as chemoimmunotherapy efficacy. CONCLUSION The identified metabolic signatures may effectively distinguish NET levels and predict clinical benefit from chemoimmunotherapy in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ning Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jia-Lin Su
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shu-Hua Tan
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xing-Long Chen
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tian-Li Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Luo
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Le-Meng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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Yang A, Zhang J, Lv G, Chen J, Guo L, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Wang L. Chemical profiling and arginine kinase inhibitory activity of Angelica dahurica leaves. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27589. [PMID: 38509962 PMCID: PMC10950578 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Angelica dahurica is a medicinal herb of the Umbelliferae family. The dried root of A. dahurica, also known as Angelicae dahuricae Radix, is widely used in clinical treatment. However, the aboveground part of A. dahurica which accounted for over 70% of the total plant was abandoned in the field. In order to develop the value of the aboveground part of A. dahurica, the chemical constituents and arginine kinase (AK) inhibitory activity of A. dahurica leaves were studied. 85 volatile components were identified from A. dahurica leaves by GC-MS; 39 non-volatile components including sugars, amino acids and organic acids were identified by pre-column derivatization GC-MS analysis; and 7 coumarins were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. Then, an inhibitory enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iEIA) was applied for evaluation of AK inhibitory activity. The extracts of A. dahurica leaves exhibited well inhibitory effects on AK. Further, potential AK inhibitors were screened by grey relational analysis and their inhibitory activities were validated by iEIA. l-aspartic acid exhibited strongest inhibitory effect on AK with its IC50 value was 0.558 mM, which was much lower than that of chlorpheniramine (6.644 mM). The obtained chemical profiles displayed chemical diversity of A. dahurica leaves and will provide data support for the future development and utilization of A. dahurica leaves. The screened potential AK inhibitors from A. dahurica leaves could be candidates for development of antiallergic substances or insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitong Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, 061000, China
| | - Guangying Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Jiabao Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Long Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Tianjin Tasly Chinese Medicine Resources Technology Development Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yuguang Zheng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, 050026, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
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Ragni M, Canciani L, Spataro L, Ruocco C, Valerio A, Nisoli E. An amino acid mixture, enriched with Krebs cycle intermediates, enhances extracellular matrix gene expression in cultured human fibroblasts. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1679-1685. [PMID: 37768394 PMCID: PMC10689548 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In the human body, the skin is one of the organs most affected by the aging process. Nutritional approaches aimed to counteract the age-induced decline of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition could be a valuable tool to decrease the degenerative processes underlying skin aging. Here, we investigated the ability of a six-amino acid plus hyaluronic acid (6AAH) formulation enriched with tricarboxylic acid (TCA) intermediates to stimulate ECM gene expression. To this aim, human BJ fibroblasts were treated with 6AAH alone or plus succinate or malate alone or succinate plus malate (6AAHSM), and mRNA levels of several ECM markers were evaluated. 6AAHSM increased the expression of all the ECM markers significantly above 6AAH alone or plus only succinate or malate. Furthermore, in an in vitro oxidative damage model, 6AAHSM blunted the hydrogen peroxide-induced decline in ECM gene expression. Our data suggest that feeding cells with 6AAH enriched with TCAs could efficiently be employed as a non-pharmacological approach for counteracting skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Ragni
- Center for Study and Research On Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli, 32, 20129, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luca Canciani
- Center for Study and Research On Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli, 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Spataro
- Center for Study and Research On Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli, 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Ruocco
- Center for Study and Research On Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli, 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Valerio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enzo Nisoli
- Center for Study and Research On Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli, 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
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Zhang YR, Li FY, Lu ZJ, Wang XF, Yan HC, Wang XQ, Gao CQ. l-Malic Acid Facilitates Stem Cell-Driven Intestinal Epithelial Renewal through the Amplification of β-Catenin Signaling by Targeting Frizzled7 in Chicks. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13079-13091. [PMID: 37632443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
l-Malic acid (l-MA) contributes to energy metabolism and nutrient digestion, which is an alternative to antibiotics for livestock; however, it is not clear whether l-MA can replace antibiotics to promote intestinal development in chicks. To investigate the effects of l-MA on intestinal stem cells (ISCs) driving epithelial renewal, we employed in vivo chick feeding experiments, chick intestinal organoid (IO) models, and in vitro chick intestinal epithelial cell models. The results showed that the feed conversion rate and diarrhea scores were decreased with improved jejunal morphology and barrier function in the 0.5% l-MA group. l-MA promoted the proliferation and differentiation of ISCs, inhibited the cell apoptosis, increased the IO formation efficiency, surface area, budding efficiency, and number of buds, suggesting that l-MA promoted the expansion of ISCs. Furthermore, l-MA treatment dramatically upregulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the jejunum. Importantly, Wnt transmembrane receptor Frizzled7 (FZD7) mRNA abundance was increased in response to dietary 0.5% l-MA. In addition, molecular docking analysis using Autodock software and isothermal titration calorimetry revealed that l-MA binds to Lys91 of FZD7 with high affinity, indicating a spontaneous interaction. The chick intestinal epithelial cells treated with 10 μM l-MA significantly increased cell viability, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated, but l-MA failed to upregulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling when treated with the FZD7-specific inhibitor Fz7-21 in chick intestinal epithelial cells, indicating that FZD7 is indispensable for l-MA activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Collectively, l-MA stimulated β-catenin signaling by targeting transmembrane receptor FZD7, which promoted ISC expansion and inhibited cell apoptosis to accelerate intestinal epithelial renewal in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fu-Yong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhu-Jin Lu
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui-Chao Yan
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiu-Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chun-Qi Gao
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Pozdnyakov DI, Zolotykh DS, Vihor AA. [An effect of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate on changes in mitochondrial function under conditions of focal cerebral ischemia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:111-116. [PMID: 37994896 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2023123111111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate an effect of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate on changes in mitochondrial function under experimental focal cerebral ischemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Focal cerebral ischemia was modeled in Wistar rats by thermocoagulation of the middle cerebral artery. Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate («Mexidol») and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate («Ethoxidol») were injected into the tail vein 30 minutes after ischemia simulation and then for 3 days at doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg. After 72 hours, changes in neurological deficits, aerobic and anaerobic respiration activity, the concentration of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis-inducing factor, as well as the activity of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase in brain tissue supernatants were assessed. RESULTS The course administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate dose-dependently contributed to a decrease in the concentration of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis-inducing factor in the brain tissue. The restoration of mitochondrial energy function was also shown with the use of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate in all studied doses, while the administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate led to the restoration of mitochondrial-dependent energy production only at higher doses (100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg). CONCLUSION The effect of malic acid and succinic acid salts of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine on the change in the redox and apoptosis-regulating function of mitochondria does not depend on the type of anion, whereas the change in the energy function of mitochondria is associated with the salt residue included in the drug structure and its dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Pozdnyakov
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - Branch of the Volgograd State Medical University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - D S Zolotykh
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - Branch of the Volgograd State Medical University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - A A Vihor
- Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - Branch of the Volgograd State Medical University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
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Shi Y, Pu D, Zhou X, Zhang Y. Recent Progress in the Study of Taste Characteristics and the Nutrition and Health Properties of Organic Acids in Foods. Foods 2022; 11:3408. [PMID: 36360025 PMCID: PMC9654595 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic acids could improve the food flavor, maintain the nutritional value, and extend the shelf life of food. This review summarizes the detection methods and concentrations of organic acids in different foods, as well as their taste characteristics and nutritional properties. The composition of organic acids varies in different food. Fruits and vegetables often contain citric acid, creatine is a unique organic acid found in meat, fermented foods have a high content of acetic acid, and seasonings have a wide range of organic acids. Determination of the organic acid contents among different food matrices allows us to monitor the sensory properties, origin identification, and quality control of foods, and further provides a basis for food formulation design. The taste characteristics and the acid taste perception mechanisms of organic acids have made some progress, and binary taste interaction is the key method to decode multiple taste perception. Real food and solution models elucidated that the organic acid has an asymmetric interaction effect on the other four basic taste attributes. In addition, in terms of nutrition and health, organic acids can provide energy and metabolism regulation to protect the human immune and myocardial systems. Moreover, it also exhibited bacterial inhibition by disrupting the internal balance of bacteria and inhibiting enzyme activity. It is of great significance to clarify the synergistic dose-effect relationship between organic acids and other taste sensations and further promote the application of organic acids in food salt reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Shi
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China Gengeral Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dandan Pu
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China Gengeral Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xuewei Zhou
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China Gengeral Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China Gengeral Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Klein-Richers U, Heitland A, Hartmann K, Dörfelt R. Influence of acetate- vs. lactate-containing fluid bolus therapy on acid-base status, electrolytes, and plasma lactate in dogs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:903091. [PMID: 35968021 PMCID: PMC9372486 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.903091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveAcetate- and lactate-containing fluids influence the acid-base and electrolyte status. This prospective, randomized, clinical study compared two balanced crystalloid solutions regarding their influence on acid-base status, electrolytes, and lactate values, when given to dogs as a resuscitation bolus of 30 mL/kg.Material and methodsOne hundred client-owned dogs presenting to the emergency service with signs of fluid deficits were randomly assigned to receive an intravenous bolus of 30 mL/kg of either a lactate- (LAC), or an acetate-containing solution (ACET). Before and after the bolus, vital parameters were assessed, and a venous blood gas analysis was performed.ResultsBoth solutions performed equally well in decreasing the heart rate (ACET: −10 ± 27 bpm, LAC: −12 ± 30 bpm; p = 0.737). The acetate-containing solution caused a significant decrease in plasma lactate levels (p = 0.016), anion gap (p < 0.001), and potassium (p < 0.001), and a significant increase in chloride (p < 0.001), and ionized calcium (p = 0.014). The lactate-containing solution caused a significant decrease in anion gap (p < 0.001), sodium (p = 0.016), and potassium (p = 0.001), and a significant increase in chloride (p < 0.001). ACET causes a stronger decrease in plasma lactate (p = 0.015), sodium (p = 0.039), potassium (p = 0.006), and an increase in chloride (p < 0.001), and ionized calcium (p = 0.016) compared to LAC.ConclusionBoth solutions caused mild changes in electrolyte concentrations and had minor influence on acid-base status when used for bolus therapy in dogs with fluid deficits. Further studies are needed to evaluate their influence on acid-base status, lactate, and electrolytes when used in larger volumes and for a longer time span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Klein-Richers
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ute Klein-Richers
| | | | - Katrin Hartmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - René Dörfelt
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Ren H, Li X, Guo L, Wang L, Hao X, Zeng J. Integrative Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis Reveals the Absorption and Metabolism of Selenium in Tea Plants [ Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:848349. [PMID: 35283867 PMCID: PMC8908381 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.848349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Certain tea plants (Camellia sinensis) have the ability to accumulate selenium. In plants, the predominant forms of bioavailable Se are selenite (SeO3 2-) and selenate (SeO4 2-). We applied transcriptomics and proteomics to hydroponically grown plants treated with selenite or selenate for 48 h in the attempt to elucidate the selenium absorption and assimilation mechanisms in tea. A total of 1,844 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 691 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained by comparing the Na2SeO3 and Na2SeO4 treatments against the control. A GO analysis showed that the genes related to amino acid and protein metabolism and redox reaction were strongly upregulated in the plants under the Na2SeO3 treatment. A KEGG pathway analysis revealed that numerous genes involved in amino acid and glutathione metabolism were upregulated, genes and proteins associated with glutathione metabolism and ubiquinone and terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis were highly expressed. Genes participating in DNA and RNA metabolism were identified and proteins related to glutathione metabolism were detected in tea plants supplemented with Na2SeO4. ABC, nitrate and sugar transporter genes were differentially expressed in response to selenite and selenate. Phosphate transporter (PHT3;1a, PHT1;3b, and PHT1;8) and aquaporin (NIP2;1) genes were upregulated in the presence of selenite. Sulfate transporter (SULTR1;1 and SULTR2;1) expression increased in response to selenate exposure. The results of the present study have clarified Se absorption and metabolism in tea plants, and play an important theoretical reference significance for the breeding and cultivation of selenium-enriched tea varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengze Ren
- National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lina Guo
- National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Hao
- National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Zeng
- National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Gough LA, Sparks SA, McNaughton LR, Higgins MF, Newbury JW, Trexler E, Faghy MA, Bridge CA. A critical review of citrulline malate supplementation and exercise performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:3283-3295. [PMID: 34417881 PMCID: PMC8571142 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As a nitric oxide (NO) enhancer, citrulline malate (CM) has recently been touted as a potential ergogenic aid to both resistance and high-intensity exercise performance, as well as the recovery of muscular performance. The mechanism has been associated with enhanced blood flow to active musculature, however, it might be more far-reaching as either ammonia homeostasis could be improved, or ATP production could be increased via greater availability of malate. Moreover, CM might improve muscle recovery via increased nutrient delivery and/or removal of waste products. To date, a single acute 8 g dose of CM on either resistance exercise performance or cycling has been the most common approach, which has produced equivocal results. This makes the effectiveness of CM to improve exercise performance difficult to determine. Reasons for the disparity in conclusions seem to be due to methodological discrepancies such as the testing protocols and the associated test–retest reliability, dosing strategy (i.e., amount and timing), and the recent discovery of quality control issues with some manufacturers stated (i.e., citrulline:malate ratios). Further exploration of the optimal dose is therefore required including quantification of the bioavailability of NO, citrulline, and malate following ingestion of a range of CM doses. Similarly, further well-controlled studies using highly repeatable exercise protocols with a large aerobic component are required to assess the mechanisms associated with this supplement appropriately. Until such studies are completed, the efficacy of CM supplementation to improve exercise performance remains ambiguous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis A Gough
- Research Centre for Life and Sport Science (CLaSS), Human Performance and Health Research Group, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK.
| | - S Andy Sparks
- Sports Nutrition and Performance Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Lars R McNaughton
- Sports Nutrition and Performance Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | | | - Josh W Newbury
- Research Centre for Life and Sport Science (CLaSS), Human Performance and Health Research Group, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Mark A Faghy
- Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Craig A Bridge
- Sports Nutrition and Performance Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
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Metabolomics Analysis of the Development of Sepsis and Potential Biomarkers of Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6628847. [PMID: 33981387 PMCID: PMC8088350 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6628847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI) is a serious condition in critically ill patients. Currently, the diagnosis is based on either elevated serum creatinine levels or oliguria, which partially contribute to delayed recognition of AKI. Metabolomics is a potential approach for identifying small molecule biomarkers of kidney diseases. Here, we studied serum metabolomics alterations in rats with sepsis to identify early biomarkers of sepsis and SI-AKI. A rat model of SI-AKI was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control (CT) group and groups treated for 2 hours (LPS2) and 6 hours (LPS6) with LPS (10 rats per group). Nontargeted metabolomics screening was performed on the serum samples from the control and SI-AKI groups. Combined multivariate and univariate analysis was used for pairwise comparison of all groups to identify significantly altered serum metabolite levels in early-stage AKI in rats with sepsis. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) showed obvious separation between the CT and LPS2 groups, CT and LPS6 groups, and LPS2 and LPS6 groups. All comparisons of the groups identified a series of differential metabolites according to the threshold defined for potential biomarkers. Intersections and summaries of these differential metabolites were used for pathway enrichment analysis. The results suggested that sepsis can cause an increase in systemic aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, an impairment of the oxygen supply, and uptake and abnormal fatty acid metabolism. Changes in the levels of malic acid, methionine sulfoxide, and petroselinic acid were consistently measured during the progression of sepsis. The development of sepsis was accompanied by the development of AKI, and these metabolic disorders are directly or indirectly related to the development of SI-AKI.
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Ahn JH, Seo H, Park W, Seok J, Lee JA, Kim WJ, Kim GB, Kim KJ, Lee SY. Enhanced succinic acid production by Mannheimia employing optimal malate dehydrogenase. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1970. [PMID: 32327663 PMCID: PMC7181634 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinic acid (SA), a dicarboxylic acid of industrial importance, can be efficiently produced by metabolically engineered Mannheimia succiniciproducens. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is one of the key enzymes for SA production, but has not been well characterized. Here we report biochemical and structural analyses of various MDHs and development of hyper-SA producing M. succiniciproducens by introducing the best MDH. Corynebacterium glutamicum MDH (CgMDH) shows the highest specific activity and least substrate inhibition, whereas M. succiniciproducens MDH (MsMDH) shows low specific activity at physiological pH and strong uncompetitive inhibition toward oxaloacetate (ki of 67.4 and 588.9 μM for MsMDH and CgMDH, respectively). Structural comparison of the two MDHs reveals a key residue influencing the specific activity and susceptibility to substrate inhibition. A high-inoculum fed-batch fermentation of the final strain expressing cgmdh produces 134.25 g L-1 of SA with the maximum productivity of 21.3 g L-1 h-1, demonstrating the importance of enzyme optimization in strain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Ahn
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogyun Seo
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Park
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Seok
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong An Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Kim
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Bae Kim
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Bioinformatics Research Center and BioProcess Engineering Research Center KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Yang H, Du L, Zhang Z. Potential biomarkers in septic shock besides lactate. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1066-1072. [PMID: 32276542 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220919076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Elevated lactate has been commonly considered as a biomarker and a useful prognostic tool for resuscitation in septic shock, facilitating physician more rapid intervention and treatment. However, it can be initiated by hypoxia, but persistent hyperlactatemia may not represent persistent hypoxia only. In the article, it is the first time to review potential biomarkers in septic shock from the point of view of energy metabolism including intermediates of TCA cycle, MAS, the NAD+/NADH ratio, NAD+, NADH, malate, and MDH. And the combination of lactate and MDH is also proposed in septic shock for the first time, as MDH in cytoplasm and mitochondria participates in both MAS and TCA cycle for ATP generation. Its feasibility in clinic has been analyzed at the end, although related research is still limited. It is reasonable the combination of lactate and MDH will be more comprehensive to reflex hypoxia in septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Linlin Du
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zhaocai Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Huang Y, Lü X, Chen R, Chen Y. Comparative study of the effects of gold and silver nanoparticles on the metabolism of human dermal fibroblasts. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:221-232. [PMID: 32296541 PMCID: PMC7147366 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to explore the effects of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and silver nanoparticles (SNPs) with different cytotoxicities on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) at the metabolic level. First, ∼20 nm of GNPs and SNPs were prepared, and their effects on the proliferation of HDFs were evaluated. Then, a metabolomics technique was used to analyse the effects of GNPs and SNPs on the expression profiles of metabolites in HDFs after 4, 8 and 24 h of treatment. Furthermore, the key metabolites and key metabolic pathways involved in the interaction of GNPs and SNPs with HDFs were identified through expression pattern analysis and metabolic pathway analysis of differentially expressed metabolites and were finally verified by experiments. The results of the cytotoxicity experiments showed that there was no cytotoxicity after the treatment of GNPs for 72 h, while the cytotoxicity of the SNPs reached grade 1 after 72 h. By using metabolomics analysis, 29, 30 and 27 metabolites were shown to be differentially expressed in HDFs after GNP treatment, while SNPs induced the differential expression of 13, 33 and 22 metabolites after 4, 8 and 24 h of treatment, respectively. Six and four candidate key metabolites in the GNP and SNP groups were identified by expression pattern analysis and metabolic pathway analysis, respectively. The key metabolic pathways in the GNP and SNP groups were identified as the glutathione metabolic pathway (the key metabolite of which was glutathione) and the citrate cycle pathway (the key metabolite of which was malic acid). Based on the experiments used to verify the key metabolites and key metabolic pathways, it was found that the increase in glutathione after GNP treatment might trigger an oxidative stress protection mechanism and thus avoid cytotoxicity. After exposure to SNPs, the citric acid content was increased, mainly through the citrate cycle pathway, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of malic acid to affect the formation of ATP and finally leading to cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
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14
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Mueller F, Teloh-Benger JK, Hussmann B, Lendemans S, Waack IN. Malate Protects the Kidneys From Hemorrhagic Shock-Induced Injury in an Experimental Rat Model. J Surg Res 2019; 245:225-233. [PMID: 31421367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past, protective effects in terms of prolonged survival of malate-containing solutions were demonstrated in the treatment of experimental hemorrhagic shock (HS). The objective of the present study was to investigate malate's impact on the kidneys. Therefore, renal function and morphological and histological anomalies were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were subjected to severe HS by dropping the mean arterial blood pressure to 25-30 mmHg. The depth was held for 60 min. Subsequently, reperfusion with Ringer's solution or a 10 mM malate-containing solution was performed both together with blood in a 2:1 relation, followed by an observation period of 150 min. RESULTS Compared with the control group (Ringer's solution), malate increased diuresis and, thus, enhanced excretion of creatinine and urea. Shock-induced histopathological changes were reduced by malate administration. Renal hemorrhages in the straight proximal tubule and in the distal tubule were reduced and even significantly reduced in the proximal convoluted tubule. Malate significantly preserved the endothelial glycocalyx in the proximal tubule. Surprisingly, malate induced glucosuria in the absence of a significant renal dysfunction, morphological damage, or hyperglycemia. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of malate observed in the treatment of severe HS in the rat may be explained by a certain protective effect of this substance for the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Mueller
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Bjoern Hussmann
- Department of Special Trauma Surgery, Alfried Krupp Hospital Essen-Ruettenscheid, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Lendemans
- Department of Special Trauma Surgery, Alfried Krupp Hospital Essen-Ruettenscheid, Essen, Germany; Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Alfried Krupp Hospital Essen-Steele, Essen, Germany
| | - Indra Naemi Waack
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
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15
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Zhang J, Lai Z, Shi L, Tian Y, Luo A, Xu Z, Ma X, Wang S. Repeated superovulation increases the risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases by accelerating ovarian aging in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:1089-1102. [PMID: 29787998 PMCID: PMC5990379 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Superovulation procedures and assisted reproductive technologies have been widely used to treat couples who have infertility problems. Although generally safe, the superovulation procedures are associated with a series of complications, such as ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome, thromboembolism, and adnexal torsion. The role of long-term repeated superovulation in ovarian aging and especially in associated disorders such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases is still unclear. In this study, we sought to determine if repeated superovulation by ten cycles of treatment with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin/human chorionic gonadotropin could affect ovarian reserve, ovarian function, bone density and heart function. Ovarian reserve and function were reflected by the size of the primordial follicle pool, anti-Mullerian hormone expressions, hormone levels and fertility status. Furthermore, we examined bone density and heart function by microCT and cardiovascular ultrasonography, respectively. After repeated superovulation, the size of the primordial follicle pool and the expression of anti-mullerian hormone decreased, along with the concentrations of estrogen and progesterone. Mice exposed to repeated superovulation showed an obvious decrease in fertility and fecundity. Furthermore, both bone density and heart ejection fraction significantly decreased. These results suggest that repeated superovulation may increase the risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases by accelerating ovarian aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zigong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyan Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hubei Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Tian
- The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiyue Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheyuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyi Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Tung YT, Wu MF, Lee MC, Wu JH, Huang CC, Huang WC. Antifatigue Activity and Exercise Performance of Phenolic-Rich Extracts from Calendula officinalis, Ribes nigrum, and Vaccinium myrtillus. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081715. [PMID: 31349650 PMCID: PMC6722806 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Calendula officinalis, Ribes nigrum, and Vaccinium myrtillus (CRV) possess a high phenolic compound content with excellent antioxidant activity. Dietary antioxidants can reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress. Consumption of large amounts of phenolic compounds is positively correlated with reduction in exercise-induced muscle damage. Research for natural products to improve exercise capacity, relieve fatigue, and accelerate fatigue alleviation is ongoing. Here, CRV containing a large total phenolic content (13.4 mg/g of CRV) demonstrated antioxidant activity. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quantification revealed 1.95 ± 0.02 mg of salidroside in 1 g of CRV. In the current study, CRV were administered to mice for five weeks, and the antifatigue effect of CRV was evaluated using the forelimb grip strength test; weight-loaded swimming test; and measurement of fatigue-related biochemical indicators, such as blood lactate, ammonia, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatine kinase (CK) activity; and muscle and liver glycogen content. The results indicated that in CRV-treated mice, the forelimb grip strength significantly increased; weight-loaded swimming time prolonged; their lactate, ammonia, BUN, and CK activity decreased, and muscle and liver glucose and glycogen content increased compared with the vehicle group. Thus, CRV have antifatigue activity and can increase exercise tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Chien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Wu
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan.
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Zarei I, Luna E, Leach JE, McClung A, Vilchez S, Koita O, Ryan EP. Comparative Rice Bran Metabolomics across Diverse Cultivars and Functional Rice Gene⁻Bran Metabolite Relationships. Metabolites 2018; 8:metabo8040063. [PMID: 30304872 PMCID: PMC6315861 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8040063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) processing yields ~60 million metric tons of bran annually. Rice genes producing bran metabolites of nutritional and human health importance were assessed across 17 diverse cultivars from seven countries using non-targeted metabolomics, and resulted in 378–430 metabolites. Gambiaka cultivar had the highest number and Njavara had the lowest number of metabolites. The 71 rice bran compounds of significant variation by cultivar included 21 amino acids, seven carbohydrates, two metabolites from cofactors and vitamins, 33 lipids, six nucleotides, and two secondary metabolites. Tryptophan, α-ketoglutarate, γ-tocopherol/β-tocopherol, and γ-tocotrienol are examples of bran metabolites with extensive cultivar variation and genetic information. Thirty-four rice bran components that varied between cultivars linked to 535 putative biosynthetic genes using to the OryzaCyc 4.0, Plant Metabolic Network database. Rice genes responsible for bran composition with animal and human health importance is available for rice breeding programs to utilize in crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Zarei
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Emily Luna
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Jan E Leach
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Anna McClung
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA.
| | - Samuel Vilchez
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León), León 21000, Nicaragua.
| | - Ousmane Koita
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Appliquée, Campus de Badalabougou, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, BP 1805 Bamako, Mali.
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Hou E, Li X, Liu Z, Zhang F, Tian Z. Combined metabolomic and correlation networks analyses reveal fumarase insufficiency altered amino acid metabolism. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Entai Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Xian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Zerong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Fuchang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Zhongmin Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
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19
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Zhang YF, Li QQ, Qu J, Sun CM, Wang Y. Alterations of motor cortical microcircuit in a depressive-like mouse model produced by light deprivation. Neuroscience 2017; 341:79-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Shi L, Zhang J, Lai Z, Tian Y, Fang L, Wu M, Xiong J, Qin X, Luo A, Wang S. Long-Term Moderate Oxidative Stress Decreased Ovarian Reproductive Function by Reducing Follicle Quality and Progesterone Production. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162194. [PMID: 27676390 PMCID: PMC5038974 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian aging is a long-term and complex process associated with a decrease in follicular quantity and quality. The damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ovarian aging and ovarian aging-associated disorders have received relatively little attention. Thus, we assessed if the oxidative stress induced by long-term (defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as at least 30 days in duration) moderate ozone inhalation reduced ovarian reserves, decreased ovarian function and induced ovarian aging-associated disorders. The expression of oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes was used to determine the degree of oxidative stress. Ultrastructural changes in ovarian cells were examined via electron microscopy. The ovarian reserve was assessed by measuring multiple parameters, such as the size of the primordial follicle pool and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) expression. The estrous cycle, hormone levels and fertility status were investigated to assess ovarian function. To investigate ovarian aging-associated disorders, we utilized bone density and cardiovascular ultrasonography in mice. The levels of oxidized metabolites, such as 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and nitrotyrosine (NTY), significantly increased in ovarian cells in response to increased oxidative stress. The ultrastructural analysis indicated that lipid droplet formation and the proportion of mitochondria with damaged membranes in granulosa cells were markedly increased in ozone-exposed mice when compared with the control group. Ozone exposure did not change the size of the primordial follicle pool or anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) expression. The estrogen concentration remained normal; however, progesterone and testosterone levels decreased. The mice exposed to ozone inhalation exhibited a substantial decrease in fertility and fecundity. No differences were revealed by the bone density or cardiovascular ultrasounds. These findings suggest that the decreased female reproductive function caused by long-term moderate oxidative damage may be due to a decrease in follicle quality and progesterone production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyan Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiwen Lai
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Yong Tian
- The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, 158 Wuyang Road, Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaqiang Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Aiyue Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (SW); (AL)
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (SW); (AL)
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21
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Lu C, Wang Y, Zhang YF. Light deprivation produces a sexual dimorphic effect on neural excitability and depression-like behavior in mice. Neurosci Lett 2016; 633:69-76. [PMID: 27639958 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Light sensory experience plays a crucial role in the regulation of mood, and light deficiency is considered as one important factor potentially leading to depression. Women are twice as likely as men to suffer from depression. However, the physiological mechanism underlying sex differences in the prevalence, incidence and morbidity risk of depression is still poorly understood. The potential causal relationship between sex dimorphic behavioral deficits and altered intrinsic electrophysiological properties of Layer V pyramidal cells (L5PCs) in the motor cortex was investigated using a mouse model with depression-like behavior that was induced by light deprivation. The depression-like behavior was characterized by increased immobility and decreased activity in the forced swimming test and tail suspension test. Compared with male depressive-like mice, light deprivation (LD) induced longer immobile behavior while shorter active behavior in female depressive-like mice, indicating that LD produces a sexual dimorphic effect on depression-like behavior with more severe depressive-like symptoms in females. LD induced lower locomotor activity in female depressive-like mice as evidenced by the significant decrease in pole-climbing and swimming during the anti-static fatigue test and exhaustive swimming test correspondingly. LD also significantly decreased the intrinsic excitability of L5PCs in female depressive-like mice, which may explain the reduced active behavior and locomotor activity of female mice. Collectively, it indicates that LD produces a sexual dimorphic effect on the depression-like behavior, locomotor activity and neural excitability in mice, and may suggest a causal relationship between the more severe depressive conditions and decreased neural excitability of L5PCs in female mice. These divergent findings from male and female depressive-like mice may provide one potential route to the physiological mechanism underlying sex differences in the prevalence of depression at a level of single neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyi Lu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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L-Malate's Plasma and Excretion Profile in the Treatment of Moderate and Severe Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5237148. [PMID: 27403429 PMCID: PMC4925959 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5237148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Malate is a standard component in fluid therapy within a wide range of medical applications. To date, there are insufficient data regarding its plasma distribution, renal excretion, and metabolism after infusion. This study aimed to investigate these three aspects in a rat model of moderate and severe hemorrhagic shock (HS). Methods. Male Wistar rats were subjected to HS by dropping the mean arterial blood pressure to 25-30 mmHg (severe) and 40-45 mmHg (moderate), respectively, for 60 minutes. Subsequently, reperfusion with Ringer-saline or a malate containing crystalloid solution (7 mM, 13.6 mM, and 21 mM, resp.) was performed within 30 minutes, followed by an observation period of 150 minutes. Results. In the present experiments, malate rapidly disappeared from the blood, while only 5% of the infused malate was renally excreted. In the resuscitation interval the urinary citrate and succinate amounts significantly increased compared to control. Conclusion. Malate's half-life is between 30 and 60 minutes in both, moderate and severe HS. Thus, even under traumatic conditions malate seems to be subjected to rapid metabolism with participation of the kidneys.
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Lamou B, Taiwe GS, Hamadou A, Abene, Houlray J, Atour MM, Tan PV. Antioxidant and Antifatigue Properties of the Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera in Rats Subjected to Forced Swimming Endurance Test. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3517824. [PMID: 26904162 PMCID: PMC4745945 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3517824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera on swimming performance and related biochemical parameters were investigated in male Wistar rats (130-132 g). Four groups of rats (16 per group) were fed a standard laboratory diet and given distilled water, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg of extract, respectively, for 28 days. On day 28, 8 rats from each group were subjected to the forced swimming test with tail load (10% of body weight). The remaining 8 rats per group were subjected to the 90-minute free swim. Maximum swimming time, glycemia, lactamia, uremia, triglyceridemia, hepatic and muscle glycogen, hematological parameters, and oxidative stress parameters (superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde) were measured. Results. M. oleifera extract increased maximum swimming time, blood hemoglobin, blood glucose, and hepatic and muscle glycogen reserves. The extract also increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreased the blood concentrations of malondialdehyde. Furthermore, it decreased blood concentrations of lactate, triglycerides, and urea. In conclusion, the antifatigue properties of M. oleifera extract are demonstrated by its ability to improve body energy stores and tissue antioxidant capacity and to reduce the tissue build-up of lactic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonoy Lamou
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Germain Sotoing Taiwe
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P. O. Box 63, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - André Hamadou
- Department of Biology and Sport Education, National Institute of Youth and Sports, P. O. Box 1016, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Abene
- Department of Biology and Sport Education, National Institute of Youth and Sports, P. O. Box 1016, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Justin Houlray
- Department of Biology and Sport Education, National Institute of Youth and Sports, P. O. Box 1016, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Mahamat Mey Atour
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P. O. Box 63, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Paul Vernyuy Tan
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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24
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Bui-Nguyen TM, Baer CE, Lewis JA, Yang D, Lein PJ, Jackson DA. Dichlorvos exposure results in large scale disruption of energy metabolism in the liver of the zebrafish, Danio rerio. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:853. [PMID: 26499117 PMCID: PMC4619386 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to dichlorvos (DDVP), an organophosphorus pesticide, is known to result in neurotoxicity as well as other metabolic perturbations. However, the molecular causes of DDVP toxicity are poorly understood, especially in cells other than neurons and muscle cells. To obtain a better understanding of the process of non-neuronal DDVP toxicity, we exposed zebrafish to different concentrations of DDVP, and investigated the resulting changes in liver histology and gene transcription. Results Functional enrichment analysis of genes affected by DDVP exposure identified a number of processes involved in energy utilization and stress response in the liver. The abundance of transcripts for proteins involved in glucose metabolism was profoundly affected, suggesting that carbon flux might be diverted toward the pentose phosphate pathway to compensate for an elevated demand for energy and reducing equivalents for detoxification. Strikingly, many transcripts for molecules involved in β-oxidation and fatty acid synthesis were down-regulated. We found increases in message levels for molecules involved in reactive oxygen species responses as well as ubiquitination, proteasomal degradation, and autophagy. To ensure that the effects of DDVP on energy metabolism were not simply a consequence of poor feeding because of neuromuscular impairment, we fasted fish for 29 or 50 h and analyzed liver gene expression in them. The patterns of gene expression for energy metabolism in fasted and DDVP-exposed fish were markedly different. Conclusion We observed coordinated changes in the expression of a large number of genes involved in energy metabolism and responses to oxidative stress. These results argue that an appreciable part of the effect of DDVP is on energy metabolism and is regulated at the message level. Although we observed some evidence of neuromuscular impairment in exposed fish that may have resulted in reduced feeding, the alterations in gene expression in exposed fish cannot readily be explained by nutrient deprivation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1941-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri M Bui-Nguyen
- ORISE Postdoctoral Fellow, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA. .,Current address: US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
| | | | - John A Lewis
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Dongren Yang
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - David A Jackson
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA.
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25
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Qiang F. Effect of Malate-oligosaccharide Solution on Antioxidant Capacity of Endurance Athletes. Open Biomed Eng J 2015; 9:326-9. [PMID: 26998183 PMCID: PMC4787273 DOI: 10.2174/1874120701509010326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
L-malate is an important intermediate on the process of metabolism; it plays an important role in generating mitochondria ATP both under aerobic and hypoxic condition. It is easy to be absorbed and come into mitochondrion through cell membrane and promote to produce energy in mitochondrion. The purpose of this investigation is to probe into the different influence malate ingestion on blood lactate and glucose kinetics during aerobic exercise athletes; at the same time, rats were used to study the effect of malate and oligosaccharide solution on the metabolism in muscle and liver. The supplement of malate-oligosaccharide solution may improve the level of antioxidants in vivo after exercise, and subsequently increase the total antioxidant capacity and decrease the level of lipid peroxidation. At the appropriate time sports drinks can add varying degrees of motion to extend time to fatigue enhance athletic ability, speed up the recovery process after exercise, reduce fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Qiang
- Northwest A & F University, China
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26
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Qi B, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Ouyang J, Huang H. Effects of ginsenosides-Rb1 on exercise-induced oxidative stress in forced swimming mice. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:458-63. [PMID: 25422546 PMCID: PMC4239723 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.141818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The fleshy root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (ginseng) is one of the most well-known and valued herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Ginsenosides are considered mainly responsible for the pharmacological activities of ginseng. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ginsenoside-Rb1 (G-Rb1) on swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress in male mice. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 animals were randomly divided into four groups, with twelve mice in each group. The first, second and third groups were designed as G-Rb1 treatment groups, got 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg bodyweight of G-Rb1, respectively. The fourth group was designed as the control group, got physiologic saline. The mice were intragastrically administered once daily for 4 weeks. The weight-loaded forced swimming test was conducted on the final day of experimentation. Then the exhaustive swimming time, blood lactate, serum creatine kinase (CK), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes in liver of mice were measured. Results: The results showed that G-Rb1 could prolong the exhaustive swimming time and improve exercise endurance capacity of mice, as well as accelerate the clearance of blood lactate and decrease serum CK activities. Meanwhile, G-Rb1 could decrease MDA contents and increase superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities in liver of mice. Conclusions: The study suggested that G-Rb1 possessed protective effects on swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qi
- Department of Physical Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Sports and Arts, Zhejiang Yuexiu University of Foreign Languages, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqun Zhang
- Physical Education Institute, Xinxiang Polytechnic College, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Jiangqiong Ouyang
- Department of Physical Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
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27
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Edwards CB, Copes N, Brito AG, Canfield J, Bradshaw PC. Malate and fumarate extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58345. [PMID: 23472183 PMCID: PMC3589421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malate, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolite, increased lifespan and thermotolerance in the nematode C. elegans. Malate can be synthesized from fumarate by the enzyme fumarase and further oxidized to oxaloacetate by malate dehydrogenase with the accompanying reduction of NAD. Addition of fumarate also extended lifespan, but succinate addition did not, although all three intermediates activated nuclear translocation of the cytoprotective DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor and protected from paraquat-induced oxidative stress. The glyoxylate shunt, an anabolic pathway linked to lifespan extension in C. elegans, reversibly converts isocitrate and acetyl-CoA to succinate, malate, and CoA. The increased longevity provided by malate addition did not occur in fumarase (fum-1), glyoxylate shunt (gei-7), succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein (sdha-2), or soluble fumarate reductase F48E8.3 RNAi knockdown worms. Therefore, to increase lifespan, malate must be first converted to fumarate, then fumarate must be reduced to succinate by soluble fumarate reductase and the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex II. Reduction of fumarate to succinate is coupled with the oxidation of FADH2 to FAD. Lifespan extension induced by malate depended upon the longevity regulators DAF-16 and SIR-2.1. Malate supplementation did not extend the lifespan of long-lived eat-2 mutant worms, a model of dietary restriction. Malate and fumarate addition increased oxygen consumption, but decreased ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential suggesting a mild uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Malate also increased NADPH, NAD, and the NAD/NADH ratio. Fumarate reduction, glyoxylate shunt activity, and mild mitochondrial uncoupling likely contribute to the lifespan extension induced by malate and fumarate by increasing the amount of oxidized NAD and FAD cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare B. Edwards
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Neil Copes
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Andres G. Brito
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - John Canfield
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Patrick C. Bradshaw
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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28
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Ringer's malate solution protects against the multiple organ injury and dysfunction caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats. Shock 2012; 38:268-74. [PMID: 22777115 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e318264e664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Malic acid, in the form of its anion malate, is a key intermediate in the major biochemical energy-producing cycle known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle. In this study, the authors investigated the protective effect of a novel crystalloid solution of Ringer's malate following fluid resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock using a rat model. Under general anesthesia, Sprague-Dawley male rats were subjected to 60 min of hemorrhagic shock (40 mmHg for 60 min) followed by crystalloid resuscitation. Groups were as follows: (1) sham shock, (2) normal saline, (3) Ringer's lactate, and (4) Ringer's malate. The experiment was terminated at 4 h after resuscitation. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and blood biophysical parameters were monitored during the experiment. The alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde levels in plasma were detected. The intestine, liver, lung, and renal histopathology were measured. It was found that Ringer's malate could increase MAP immediately and maintain MAP for a long time. Ringer's malate could reduce the level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine. At the same time, the activity of superoxide dismutase was increased, and the level of malondialdehyde was decreased. Histopathology indicated that Ringer's malate can protect against the multiple organ injury caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats. Ringer's malate prevented circulatory failure and alleviated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in animals with hemorrhagic shock. The study suggests that Ringer's malate solution could be a potential novel therapeutic agent for fluid resuscitation.
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29
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Jin HM, Wei P. Anti-fatigue properties of tartary buckwheat extracts in mice. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:4770-80. [PMID: 21954324 PMCID: PMC3179131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12084770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-fatigue properties of tartary buckwheat extracts (TBE) was investigated in male Kunming mice. The animals were divided into four groups. The first group, designated as the control group (control), was administered with distilled water by gavage every day for 28 days. The other three groups, designated as TBE treatment groups, were administered with TBE of 60, 120 and 240 mg/kg body weight, respectively, by gavage every day for 28 days. Exhaustive swimming time, blood lactic acid (BLA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), tissue glycogen, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of mice after swimming were determined. The results showed that tartary buckwheat extracts had anti-fatigue properties, which extended the exhaustive swimming time of mice, effectively inhibiting the increase of BLA, decreasing the level of BUN, increasing the tissue glycogen content and the activities of SOD and GPx of mice. However, further study is needed to elucidate the exact mechanism of the effect of TBE on fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Jin
- Yiwu Industrial & Commercial College, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China; E-Mail:
| | - Ping Wei
- Yiwu Industrial & Commercial College, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China; E-Mail:
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30
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Anti-fatigue activity of extracts of stem bark from Acanthopanax senticosus. Molecules 2010; 16:28-37. [PMID: 21187815 PMCID: PMC6259449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the anti-fatigue activity in male Kunming mice of extracts of stem bark from Acanthopanax senticosus (ASSE) using a forced swimming test. Mice were divided into four groups (three ASSE administered groups and the control group). The control group were gavaged with distilled water and ASSE administered groups were gavaged with ASSE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg). After four weeks, a forced swimming test was performed and the biochemical parameters related to fatigue were examined. The results suggested that ASSE could extend the swimming time to exhaustion of the mice, as well as increase the tissue glycogen contents, while decreasing the blood lactate and serum urea nitrogen contents. This indicated that ASSE had anti-fatigue activity and could elevate the exercise tolerance.
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31
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Low-level laser therapy attenuates creatine kinase levels and apoptosis during forced swimming in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2009; 25:115-20. [PMID: 19554361 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that high-intensity physical exercise can cause damage to skeletal muscles, resulting in muscle soreness, fatigue, inflammatory processes and cell apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on a decrease in creatine kinase (CK) levels and cell apoptosis. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two equal groups: group 1 (control), resistance swimming; group 2 (LLLT), resistance swimming with LLLT. They were subjected to a single application of indium gallium aluminum phosphide (InGaAlP) laser immediately following the exercise for 40 s at an output power of 100 mW, wavelength 660 nm and 133.3 J/cm(2). The groups were subdivided according to sample collection time: 24 h and 48 h. CK was measured before and both 24 h and 48 h after the test. Samples of the gastrocnemius muscle were processed to determine the presence of apoptosis using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling. (There was a significant difference in CK levels between groups (P < 0.0001) as well as between the 24 h and 48 h levels in the control group, whereas there was no significant intra-group difference in the LLLT group at the same evaluation times. In the LLLT group there were 66.3 +/- 13.2 apoptotic cells after 24 h and 39.0 +/- 6.8 apoptotic cells after 48 h. The results suggest that LLLT influences the metabolic profile of animals subjected to fatigue by lowering serum levels of CK. This demonstrates that LLLT can act as a preventive tool against cell apoptosis experienced during high-intensity physical exercise.
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Wang L, Zhang HL, Lu R, Zhou YJ, Ma R, Lv JQ, Li XL, Chen LJ, Yao Z. The decapeptide CMS001 enhances swimming endurance in mice. Peptides 2008; 29:1176-82. [PMID: 18440669 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2008] [Revised: 03/02/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Now peptides achieve distinct advantages over protein in biological application because of its quick and easy absorption, low power, and high activity. Some bioactive peptides had been developed to be used in the management of exercise-related disorders. In this study, we investigated whether the decapeptide CMS001 (Pro-Thr-Thr-Lys-Thr-Tyr-Phe-Pro-His-Phe) isolated from pig spleen had anti-fatigue effects. Male Balb/c mice were administered CMS001 (20 microg/(kgd)(-1) or 5 microg/(kgd)(-1) for 30 d, intraperitoneal injections) and tested in an exhaustive swim time task. In order to examine the mechanisms of CMS001 anti-fatigue effects, we analyzed liver glycogen stores, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, lactic acid levels, ultrastructural integrity, and levels of both a free radical metabolite and an anti-oxidant enzyme. CMS001 treatment prolonged exhaustive swim time, increased liver glycogen levels, reduced BUN levels, and decreased accumulation of lactic acid in the blood, relative to mice injected with only saline. Examination of the ultrastructure of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal and cardiac muscle of CMS001-treated and control mice revealed that CMS001 can reduce the damage to cardiac and skeletal muscle caused by an exhaustive swim challenge, such that the structure of most tissue specimens were normal in the peptide-treated group. Furthermore the free radical analysis after acute exercise indicated that CMS001 treatment decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. The present findings indicate that the spleen-derived peptide CMS001 has anti-fatigue effects in mice, and further suggest that the mechanism may involve reduction of tissue damaging free radicals in muscle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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