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Yin L, Tang H, Qu J, Jia Y, Zhang Q, Wang X. Chemerin regulates glucose and lipid metabolism by changing mitochondrial structure and function associated with androgen/androgen receptor. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E869-E887. [PMID: 38775724 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00104.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The adipokine chemerin contributes to exercise-induced improvements in glucose and lipid metabolism; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to confirm the impact of reduced chemerin expression on exercise-induced improvement in glycolipid metabolism in male diabetic (DM) mice through exogenous chemerin administration. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism of chemerin involved in changes in muscle mitochondria function mediated by androgen/androgen receptor (AR) was explored by generating adipose-specific and global chemerin knockout (adipo-chemerin-/- and chemerin-/-) mice. DM mice were categorized into the DM, exercised DM (EDM), and EDM + chemerin supplementation groups. Adipo-chemerin-/- and chemerin-/- mice were classified in the sedentary or exercised groups and fed either a normal or high-fat diet. Exercise mice underwent a 6-wk aerobic exercise regimen. The serum testosterone and chemerin levels, glycolipid metabolism indices, mitochondrial function, and protein levels involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics were measured. Notably, exogenous chemerin reversed exercise-induced improvements in glycolipid metabolism, AR protein levels, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial fusion in DM mice. Moreover, adipose-specific chemerin knockout improved glycolipid metabolism, enhanced exercise-induced increases in testosterone and AR levels in exercised mice, and alleviated the detrimental effects of a high-fat diet on mitochondrial morphology, biogenesis, and dynamics. Finally, similar improvements in glucose metabolism (but not lipid metabolism), mitochondrial function, and mitochondrial dynamics were observed in chemerin-/- mice. In conclusion, decreased chemerin levels affect exercise-induced improvements in glycolipid metabolism in male mice by increasing mitochondrial number and function, likely through changes in androgen/AR signaling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Decreased chemerin levels affect exercise-induced improvements in glycolipid metabolism in male mice by increasing mitochondrial number and function, which is likely mediated by androgen/androgen receptor expression. This study is the first to report the regulatory mechanism of chemerin in muscle mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yin
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- School of Sport, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtai Tang
- Department of Burns, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilong Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Braunstein PW, Horovitz DJ, Hampton AM, Hollis F, Newman LA, Enos RT, McQuail JA. Daily fluctuations in blood glucose with normal aging are inversely related to hippocampal synaptic mitochondrial proteins. AGING BRAIN 2024; 5:100116. [PMID: 38596458 PMCID: PMC11002859 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2024.100116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Defective brain glucose utilization is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) while Type II diabetes and elevated blood glucose escalate the risk for AD in later life. Isolating contributions of normal aging from coincident metabolic or brain diseases could lead to refined approaches to manage specific health risks and optimize treatments targeted to susceptible older individuals. We evaluated metabolic, neuroendocrine, and neurobiological differences between young adult (6 months) and aged (24 months) male rats. Compared to young adults, blood glucose was significantly greater in aged rats at the start of the dark phase of the day but not during the light phase. When challenged with physical restraint, a potent stressor, aged rats effected no change in blood glucose whereas blood glucose increased in young adults. Tissues were evaluated for markers of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), neuronal glucose transport, and synapses. Outright differences in protein levels between age groups were not evident, but circadian blood glucose was inversely related to OXPHOS proteins in hippocampal synaptosomes, independent of age. The neuronal glucose transporter, GLUT3, was positively associated with circadian blood glucose in young adults whereas aged rats tended to show the opposite trend. Our data demonstrate aging increases daily fluctuations in blood glucose and, at the level of individual differences, negatively associates with proteins related to synaptic OXPHOS. Our findings imply that glucose dyshomeostasis may exacerbate metabolic aspects of synaptic dysfunction that contribute to risk for age-related brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W. Braunstein
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - David J. Horovitz
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Fiona Hollis
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Lori A. Newman
- Department of Psychological Science, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA
| | - Reilly T. Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Joseph A. McQuail
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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3
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Ferreiro E, Monteiro M, Pereira F, Barroso C, Egas C, Macedo P, Valero J, Sardão VA, Oliveira PJ. Age-dependent energy metabolism and transcriptome changes in urine-derived stem cells. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 218:111912. [PMID: 38266781 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The global population over 60 years old is projected to reach 1.5 billion by 2050. Understanding age-related disorders and gender-specificities is crucial for a healthy aging. Reliable age-related biomarkers are needed, preferentially obtained through non-invasive methods. Urine-derived stem cells (UDSCs) can be easily obtained, although a detailed bioenergetic characterization, according to the donor aging, remain unexplored. UDSCs were isolated from young and elderly adult women (22-35 and 70-94 years old, respectively). Surprisingly, UDSCs from elderly subjects exhibited significantly higher maximal oxygen consumption and bioenergetic health index than those from younger individuals, evaluated through oxygen consumption rate. Exploratory data analysis methods were applied to engineer a minimal subset of features for the classification and stratification of UDSCs. Additionally, RNAseq of UDSCs was performed to identify age-related transcriptional changes. Transcriptional analysis revealed downregulation of genes related to glucuronidation and estrogen metabolism, and upregulation of inflammation-related genes in UDSCs from elderly individuals. This study demonstrates unexpected differences in the UDSCs' OCR between young and elderly individuals, revealing improved bioenergetics in concurrent with an aged-like transcriptome signature. UDSCs offer a non-invasive model for studying age-related changes, holding promise for aging research and therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Ferreiro
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Cantanhede, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Monteiro
- CISUC - Centre for Informatics and Systems, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Pereira
- CISUC - Centre for Informatics and Systems, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Barroso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Cantanhede, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal; Biocant - Transfer Technology Association, BiocantPark, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Conceição Egas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Cantanhede, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Paula Macedo
- CEDOC-Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Aging (MIA-Portugal), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Cantanhede, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal.
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Mone P, Agyapong ED, Morciano G, Jankauskas SS, De Luca A, Varzideh F, Pinton P, Santulli G. Dysfunctional mitochondria elicit bioenergetic decline in the aged heart. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:13. [PMID: 39015481 PMCID: PMC11250775 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Aging represents a complex biological progression affecting the entire body, marked by a gradual decline in tissue function, rendering organs more susceptible to stress and diseases. The human heart holds significant importance in this context, as its aging process poses life-threatening risks. It entails macroscopic morphological shifts and biochemical changes that collectively contribute to diminished cardiac function. Among the numerous pivotal factors in aging, mitochondria play a critical role, intersecting with various molecular pathways and housing several aging-related agents. In this comprehensive review, we provide an updated overview of the functional role of mitochondria in cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Esther Densu Agyapong
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Morciano
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola 48033, Italy
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Vanvitelli University, Naples 80100, Italy
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola 48033, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University, International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME) Consortium, Academic Research Unit, Naples 80131, Italy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
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5
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Ehinger JK, Westerlund E, Frostner EÅ, Karlsson M, Paul G, Sjövall F, Elmér E. Mitochondrial function in peripheral blood cells across the human lifespan. NPJ AGING 2024; 10:10. [PMID: 38326348 PMCID: PMC10850142 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a hallmark of aging. Up to now, a gradual decline of mitochondrial respiration with advancing age has mainly been demonstrated in human muscle tissue. A handful of studies have examined age-related mitochondrial dysfunction in human blood cells, and only with small sample sizes and mainly in platelets. In this study, we analyzed mitochondrial respiration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and platelets from 308 individuals across the human lifespan (0-86 years). In regression analyses, with adjustment for false discovery rate (FDR), we found age-related changes in respiratory measurements to be either small or absent. The main significant changes were an age-related relative decline in complex I-linked respiration and a corresponding rise of complex II-linked respiration in PBMCs. These results add to the understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and to its possible role in immune cell and platelet senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes K Ehinger
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Emil Westerlund
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Emergency Department, Kungälv Hospital, Kungälv, Sweden
| | | | | | - Gesine Paul
- Translational Neurology Group and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Sjövall
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Intensive- and Perioperative Care, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Eskil Elmér
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Sucha M, Benediktova S, Tichanek F, Jedlicka J, Kapl S, Jelinkova D, Purkartova Z, Tuma J, Kuncova J, Cendelin J. Experimental Treatment with Edaravone in a Mouse Model of Spinocerebellar Ataxia 1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10689. [PMID: 37445867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Edaravone is a mitochondrially targeted drug with a suggested capability to modify the course of diverse neurological diseases. Nevertheless, edaravone has not been tested yet in the context of spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (SCA1), an incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized mainly by cerebellar disorder, with a strong contribution of inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. This study aimed to address this gap, exploring the potential of edaravone to slow down SCA1 progression in a mouse knock-in SCA1 model. SCA1154Q/2Q and healthy SCA12Q/2Q mice were administered either edaravone or saline daily for more than 13 weeks. The functional impairments were assessed via a wide spectrum of behavioral assays reflecting motor and cognitive deficits and behavioral abnormalities. Moreover, we used high-resolution respirometry to explore mitochondrial function, and immunohistochemical and biochemical tools to assess the magnitude of neurodegeneration, inflammation, and neuroplasticity. Data were analyzed using (hierarchical) Bayesian regression models, combined with the methods of multivariate statistics. Our analysis pointed out various previously documented neurological and behavioral deficits of SCA1 mice. However, we did not detect any plausible therapeutic effect of edaravone on either behavioral dysfunctions or other disease hallmarks in SCA1 mice. Thus, our results did not provide support for the therapeutic potential of edaravone in SCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sucha
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Benediktova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Tichanek
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Jedlicka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Mitochondrial Laboratory, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Stepan Kapl
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurophysiology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Jelinkova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Purkartova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Tuma
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Kuncova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Mitochondrial Laboratory, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Cendelin
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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7
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Fišar Z, Hroudová J, Zvěřová M, Jirák R, Raboch J, Kitzlerová E. Age-Dependent Alterations in Platelet Mitochondrial Respiration. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1564. [PMID: 37371659 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important cellular hallmark of aging and neurodegeneration. Platelets are a useful model to study the systemic manifestations of mitochondrial dysfunction. To evaluate the age dependence of mitochondrial parameters, citrate synthase activity, respiratory chain complex activity, and oxygen consumption kinetics were assessed. The effect of cognitive impairment was examined by comparing the age dependence of mitochondrial parameters in healthy individuals and those with neuropsychiatric disease. The study found a significant negative slope of age-dependence for both the activity of individual mitochondrial enzymes (citrate synthase and complex II) and parameters of mitochondrial respiration in intact platelets (routine respiration, maximum capacity of electron transport system, and respiratory rate after complex I inhibition). However, there was no significant difference in the age-related changes of mitochondrial parameters between individuals with and without cognitive impairment. These findings highlight the potential of measuring mitochondrial respiration in intact platelets as a means to assess age-related mitochondrial dysfunction. The results indicate that drugs and interventions targeting mitochondrial respiration may have the potential to slow down or eliminate certain aging and neurodegenerative processes. Mitochondrial respiration in platelets holds promise as a biomarker of aging, irrespective of the degree of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Fišar
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hroudová
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Zvěřová
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jirák
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Raboch
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kitzlerová
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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Muscat SM, Butler MJ, Mackey-Alfonso SE, Barrientos RM. Young adult and aged female rats are vulnerable to amygdala-dependent, but not hippocampus-dependent, memory impairment following short-term high-fat diet. Brain Res Bull 2023; 195:145-156. [PMID: 36870621 PMCID: PMC10257807 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Global populations are increasingly consuming diets high in saturated fats and refined carbohydrates, and such diets have been well-associated with heightened inflammation and neurological dysfunction. Notably, older individuals are particularly vulnerable to the impact of unhealthy diet on cognition, even after a single meal, and pre-clinical rodent studies have demonstrated that short-term consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) induces marked increases in neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. Unfortunately though, to date, most studies on the topic of nutrition and cognition, especially in aging, have been performed only in male rodents. This is especially concerning given that older females are more vulnerable to develop certain memory deficits and/or severe memory-related pathologies than males. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the extent to which short-term HFD consumption impacts memory function and neuroinflammation in female rats. Young adult (3 months) and aged (20-22 months) female rats were fed HFD for 3 days. Using contextual fear conditioning, we found that HFD had no effect on long-term contextual memory (hippocampus-dependent) at either age, but impaired long-term auditory-cued memory (amygdala-dependent) regardless of age. Gene expression of Il-1β was markedly dysregulated in the amygdala, but not hippocampus, of both young and aged rats after 3 days of HFD. Interestingly, modulation of IL-1 signaling via central administration of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (which we have previously demonstrated to be protective in males) had no impact on memory function following the HFD in females. Investigation of the memory-associated gene Pacap and its receptor Pac1r revealed differential effects of HFD on their expression in the hippocampus and amygdala. Specifically, HFD induced increased expression of Pacap and Pac1r in the hippocampus, whereas decreased Pacap was observed in the amygdala. Collectively, these data suggest that both young adult and aged female rats are vulnerable to amygdala-dependent (but not hippocampus-dependent) memory impairments following short-term HFD consumption, and identify potential mechanisms related to IL-1β and PACAP signaling in these differential effects. Notably, these findings are strikingly different than those previously reported in male rats using the same diet regimen and behavioral paradigms, and highlight the importance of examining potential sex differences in the context of neuroimmune-associated cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Muscat
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael J Butler
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sabrina E Mackey-Alfonso
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ruth M Barrientos
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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