1
|
Ahmed EM, Attia AI, Ibrahem ZA, Alshehry G, Algarni EH, Aldekhail NM, Abd El-Hack ME. The impacts of dietary inclusion of soybean oil and linseed oil on growth performance, carcass yield, and health status of growing Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103746. [PMID: 38678974 PMCID: PMC11067337 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including n-6 and n-3 fatty acids, are essential for enhancing the performance and health of poultry. Avian species lack desaturase enzymes for endogenous synthesis of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. This work aimed to determine the impacts of including soybean oil (SO) and linseed oil (LO) in quail diets on growth, lipid profile, hepatic and renal functions, immunity, and antioxidant status. A total of 350 Japanese quail chicks (1-wk-old) were randomly arranged into 7 dietary treatment groups. Seven isocaloric and isonitrogenous experimental basal diets were formed based on the nutritional requirements of growing Japanese quail. Group 1, the control, received a basal with no oils, while groups 2 to 7 received a basal diet containing either 1% SO, 1.5% SO, 2% SO, 1% LO, 1.5% LO, or 2% LO, respectively. Quail groups that consumed diets containing LO at all levels showed significantly greater live body weight (LBW) at 5th wk of age than other experimental groups. The dietary incorporation of 1.5 or 2% SO or LO at all levels yielded significant improvements in body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) through 3 to 5 and 1 to 5 wk of age. Different dietary oil sources and levels have no significant impacts on feed intake (FI) and carcass yield parameters. Lipid profile parameters were improved by adding SO and LO in quail diets, with LO having a higher effect than SO. The hepatic and renal functionality were improved by adding SO and LO in quail diets. The lowest uric acid (UA) bloodstream concentrations were recorded in the quail group fed a diet with 2% LO. Values of Gamma globulins (G-GLO) and immunoglobulins (G, M, and A) were increased by adding SO or LO to quail diets. Blood levels of MDA and TAC were improved significantly by including LO in quail diets. The activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme was significantly increased by adding SO or LO to quail diets. Generally, adding SO or LO to growing quail diets up to 2% could yield favorable effects on growth performance, blood lipids, hepatic and renal functions, immunity, and antioxidant status; however, LO seems to have better effects than SO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Ahmed
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Adel I Attia
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Zenat A Ibrahem
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Garsa Alshehry
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman H Algarni
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M Aldekhail
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nursing and Medical Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roshdy M, Hanafy AM, Khalil HA, Siam SM, Abd El-Hack ME, Swelum AA, Suliman GM, Tufarelli V, Mady ME. Age-related changes in testicular histological structure, testosterone level, libido and semen traits in male Coturnix quail. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14549. [PMID: 38469897 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of age in male quail on testicular weight and histology, sexual libido and semen characteristics, a study was performed on 100 quails at 10, 16, 22, 28 and 34 weeks of age. The body and testicular weights were significantly (p < .05) higher at 16 and 22 than at 28 weeks of age. The circumference and diameter of the seminiferous tubules were significantly (p < .05) higher at 28 and 34 than at 10 and 16 weeks of age. Histological evaluation of testicular slices revealed advanced and effective seminiferous tubes as early as 10 weeks, while spermatogenic activity peaked at 16 weeks of age. The highest semen volume, sperm motility and sperm concentration were observed at weeks of age and then decreased gradually with age. At the same time, the testosterone level and libido were significantly (p < .05) higher at 22 than at 10 weeks of age. Furthermore, the age was positive (p < .05), correlated to seminiferous tubule circumference and diameter, and negative (p < .05), correlated to sperm concentration. In conclusion, the age of quail markedly affected the testicular histological structure, libido, testosterone level and semen characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Roshdy
- Poultry Breeding Department, Agricultural Research Centre, Animal Production Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Hanafy
- Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Production Department, Suez Canal Universities, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hassan A Khalil
- Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Production Department, Suez Canal Universities, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Salwa M Siam
- Poultry Breeding Department, Agricultural Research Centre, Animal Production Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin M Suliman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Italy
| | - Mohamed E Mady
- Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Production Department, Suez Canal Universities, Ismailia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Farag SA, El-Keredy A, Abd El Gawad SA, Swelum AA, Tellez-Isaias G, Abouzeid AE. Impacts of willow (Salix babylonica L.) leaf extract on growth, cecal microbial population, and blood biochemical parameters of broilers. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103386. [PMID: 38176372 PMCID: PMC10805942 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The investigation examined the use of willow leaf extract (WLE) on broiler chickens, examining carcass characteristics, cecal microbiota, antioxidants, and blood parameters. In 4 groups of 300 chicks, a basal diet was given for 5 wk, and the first treatment was basal diet (C). The diets for the remaining 3 treatments (WLE150, WLE300, and WLE450) contained 150, 300, and 450 mg of willow leaf extract /kg, respectively. The study found that birds fed willow leaf extract supplements had significantly greater body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and enhanced feed conversion ratio (FCR) vs. the control group. Birds fed at 450 mg/kg food showed the greatest growth features, carcass weight, liver weight, lower abdominal fat, better low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations, and highest hematological characteristics. Chickens fed diets supplemented with varied doses of willow leaf extract showed significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity, with higher amounts of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and lower malondialdehyde (MDA). However, in the study, birds fed a diet supplemented with 450 mg of willow leaf extract per kg meal showed a significant drop of 13.02%, which found no significant variations in hazardous bacteria (Escherichia coli) across 2 treatments (WLE150 and WLE300). In addition, the study discovered that birds fed with varied doses of willow leaf extract had fewer cecum infections (Staphylococci aureus). We conclude that using willow at a level of 450 mg/kg diet can significantly enhance the BWG, FCR, antioxidant levels and beneficial bacteria activity besides the condition of broiler chicken's general health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soha A Farag
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Amira El-Keredy
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sally A Abd El Gawad
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Adel E Abouzeid
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Elangovan P, Ramasamy G, Sundaram M, Ramasamy M. Efficacy of Siddha Therapeutics on Mantha Sanni (Autism Spectrum Disorder) Among Pediatric Patients: An Interventional Non-randomized Open-Label Clinical Trial. Cureus 2023; 15:e47128. [PMID: 38021630 PMCID: PMC10649252 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) refers to a collection of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect brain development and can lead to various psychological imbalances in caregivers of affected children. Siddha formulations have been shown to have a role beyond the physical body and play a significant role in managing Mantha sannior ASD. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of Amukkara chooranam and Yegamooli thylam in the pediatric population diagnosed with ASD. METHODS This was a prospective, interventional, non-randomized, open clinical trial involving 30 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients received Amukkara chooranam at a dose of 300 mg for ages 3-4 years, 500 mg for ages 5-7 years, and 1 gm for ages 8-12 years, twice a day with honey for 90 days, and Yegamooli thylam was administered using the Thuvalai external manipulation technique once a day for 90 days. Scoring by the Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA) was documented at the end of the 0th day, 45th day, and 90th day. RESULTS The scores were compared at each follow-up, and a statistically significant difference was found at the end of the 90th day of treatment with Amukkara chooranam and Yegamooli thylam (P < 0.05). The statistical analysis included calculating the mean and standard deviation of the clinical assessment, parameters both before and after the treatment were 37.66667 ±13.82485. CONCLUSION The treatment with Amukkara chooranam and Yegamooli thylam resulted in a clinically significant improvement in clinical assessment parameters in children with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gomathi Ramasamy
- Department of General Medicine, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, IND
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sultana N, Islam R, Bhakta S, Saha John A, Islam Sinza S, Hashem MA. Role of Clove and Tulsi on broiler health and meat production. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103654. [PMID: 37152300 PMCID: PMC10160581 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Clove (Cv) and Tulsi (Ts) supplementation on broiler growth performance and gut health as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters has already been established. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the role of Cv and Ts on the serum biochemical profile and meat quality traits in broilers. A total of sixty (60) one-day-old commercial broiler chicks were randomly allotted into four homogenous groups (15 birds per group). They were then fed Cv powder and Ts extract from day (d) 8 to d 28 with drinking water i.e. zero level of Cv or Ts (T0), 0.5% Cv + 2% Ts (T1), 1.0% Cv + 3% Ts (T2), 1.5% Cv + 4% Ts (T3). Blood and meat samples were collected on d 14, 21, and 28 to analyze the serum-biochemical profile and meat quality. Supplementation of Cv and Ts improved serum-biochemical profile by reducing total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels in broilers. However, they did not affect the serum protein levels while the 0.5-1% Cv and 2-3% Ts supplemented groups had higher glucose levels on d 21. Production of breast and thigh meat increased with increased size, and density of myofibers while fed 0.5-1% Cv and 2-3% Ts. On the contrary, 1.5% Cv powder and 4% Ts extract supplementation improved thigh meat color, breast and thigh meat pH as well as the water-holding capacity. The current study findings suggest that Cv and Ts can be used in combination to improve broiler health, production, and meat quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Sultana
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author at: Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh.
| | - Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sonali Bhakta
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Akash Saha John
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Islam Sinza
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abul Hashem
- Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Matté EHC, Luciano FB, Evangelista AG. Essential oils and essential oil compounds in animal production as antimicrobials and anthelmintics: an updated review. Anim Health Res Rev 2023; 24:1-11. [PMID: 37401263 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252322000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Several countries have shown an increased prevalence of drug resistance in animal production due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and antiparasitics in human and veterinary medicine. This article aims to review existing methods using naturally occurring essential oils (EOs) and their isolated compounds (EOCs) as alternatives to antimicrobials and antiparasitic compounds in animal production and, consequently, to avoid resistance. The most-reported mechanism of action of EOs and EOCs was cell membrane damage, which leads to the leakage of cytoplasmic content, increased membrane permeability, inhibition of metabolic and genetic pathways, morphologic changes, antibiofilm effects, and damage to the genetic material of infections. In parasites, anticoccidial effects, reduced motility, growth inhibition, and morphologic changes have been reported. Although these compounds regularly show a similar effect to those promoted by traditional drugs, the elucidation of their mechanisms of action is still scarce. The use of EOs and EOCs can also positively influence crucial parameters in animal production, such as body weight gain, feed conversion rate, and cholesterol reduction, which also positively impact meat quality. The application of EOs and EOCs is enhanced by their association with other natural compounds or even by the association with synthetic chemicals, which has been found to cause synergism in their antimicrobial effect. By reducing the effective therapeutical/prophylactic dose, the chances of off-flavors – the most common issue in EO and EOC application – is greatly mitigated. However, there is very little work on the combination of EOs and EOCs in large in vivo studies. In addition, research must apply the correct methodology to properly understand the observed effects; for example, the use of only high concentrations may mask potential results obtained at lower dosages. Such corrections will also allow the elucidation of finer mechanisms and promote better biotechnologic use of EOs and EOCs. This manuscript presents several information gaps to be filled before the use of EOs and EOCs are fully applicable in animal production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Henrique Custódio Matté
- Undergraduate Program in Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gad AF, Abdelgalil GM, Radwan MA. Bio-molluscicidal potential and biochemical mechanisms of clove oil and its main component eugenol against the land snail, Theba pisana. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:105407. [PMID: 37105634 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The land snail, Theba pisana is a serious pest that adversely affects various crops in sustainable agriculture. Essential oils and their constituents represent an environmentally sound alternative to synthetic pesticides. Our study aimed to investigate the lethal and sub-lethal toxicity of clove oil and its main component eugenol to understand the mechanisms underlying its toxic action against T. pisana. The GC-MS profile of the clove oil composition was characterized. In the laboratory experiment, LD50 of clove oil and eugenol via the contact testing were determined after 48 and 72 h. Moreover, sub-lethal effects of clove oil or eugenol on the survivors following the exposure of snails to the 25 and 50% of the LD50/48 and 72 h were evaluated through using snail tissues for biochemical measurments. The GC-MS analysis showed that eugenol (64.87%) was the major constituent present in the oil. The results also showed that LD50 values at 48 and 72 h were 2006.5 and 1493.5 μg/g b.w for oil and 239.6 and 195.3 μg/g b.w for eugenol, respectively. Compared to control, the sub-lethal effects of clove oil or eugenol at 48 and 72 h showed a significant increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities significantly elevated in oil- or eugenol-treated snails, except at low dose after 48 h. After two exposure times, snails exposed to oil or eugenol at both sub-lethal effects had considerably higher γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Moreover, markedly augmentation in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities at all exposure times, with the exception of snails treated with low dose of eugenol after 48 h was observed. Both clove oil and eugenol at the tested doses caused a significant inhibition in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at two exposure times. Our findings highlight the potential of clove oil and eugenol, as an efficient natural molluscicide alternative to its synthetic counterparts for snail control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira F Gad
- Department of Animal Pests, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gaber M Abdelgalil
- Department of Animal Pests, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Radwan
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, El-Shatby, 21545 Alexandria, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Matos DM, Gomes TR, Nepomuceno RC, de Melo MCA, Watanabe PH, do Nascimento GAJ, Freitas ER. Effects of mango peel ethanolic extract as antioxidant in quail diets on performance, carcass traits, and meat lipid stability. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:103. [PMID: 36856876 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of mango peel ethanolic extract (MPEE) as antioxidant in quail diets containing two lipid sources, on performance, carcass characteristics, and lipid stability of in natura and frozen meat. A total of 432 meat quails were used, males and females, from 7 to 42 days of age, distributed in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, with 3 levels of MPEE (0, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) and 2 lipid sources (soybean and sunflower oil), totaling 6 treatments with 6 replications of 12 birds. In order to evaluate the meat lipid stability, carcass samples were used in a 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with 2 levels of MPEE (0 and 1000 mg/kg), 2 lipid sources (soybean and sunflower oil), 2 types of packaging (conventional and vacuum), and 3 storage times (0, 60, and 120 days), totaling 16 treatments with 6 replications. There was no effect of interaction (P > 0.05) between the factors on the performance variables and carcass characteristics. Oil types and MPEE levels did not influence (P > 0.05) performance. For carcass characteristics, it was found to be increased (P < 0.05) in breast meat yield due to the inclusion of MPEE. For the meat lipid stability, there was only an effect of interaction (P < 0.05) between type of packaging and storage time. The inclusion of 1000 mg/kg of MPEE provided greater meat lipid stability, enabling the use of common packaging for the storage of quail meat for up to 120 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davi Moreira Matos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Ave, 2.977, Block 808, Campus Do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60356-000, Brazil
| | - Thalles Ribeiro Gomes
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Roraima, BR 174, Km 12, Campus Cauamé, Boa Vista, RR, 69301-970, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Carlos Nepomuceno
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Ave, 2.977, Block 808, Campus Do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60356-000, Brazil
| | - Marcelle Craveiro Abreu de Melo
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Ave, 2.977, Block 808, Campus Do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60356-000, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Watanabe
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Ave, 2.977, Block 808, Campus Do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60356-000, Brazil
| | | | - Ednardo Rodrigues Freitas
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Ave, 2.977, Block 808, Campus Do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60356-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Chinese Yam Polysaccharide on Carcass Composition, Meat Quality, and Antioxidant Capacity in Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030503. [PMID: 36766389 PMCID: PMC9913201 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the influences of the dietary supplementation of Chinese yam polysaccharide (CYP) on the carcass performance, antioxidant capacity, and meat quality of broilers. Three hundred and sixty healthy 1-day-old broilers with similar body weight (39 ± 1 g, gender balanced) were randomly divided into four groups (control, CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 groups). In the control group, broilers were fed a basal diet with CYP, and the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 groups were fed diets supplemented with 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg CYP, respectively. There were three replicates in each group, 30 birds in each replicate, and the feeding trial lasted for 48 days. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) by one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with 500 mg/kg CYP can improve live weight, half-eviscerated carcass percentage, eviscerated carcass percentage, and thigh muscle percentage. Moreover, dietary supplementation with 500 mg/kg CYP can improve the contents of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione s-transferase (GST) in serum (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and catalase (CAT) in the liver; the mRNA expression levels of HO-1, NQO1, GPX1, and CAT in the breast muscle; and the mRNA expression levels of NQO1, SOD1, and CAT in the thigh muscle of broilers in the CYP2 group were significantly increased (p < 0.05). In addition, the yellowness and shear force of the thigh and breast muscles and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of broilers in the control group were higher than that in the CYP2 groups (p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that the CYP2 group had the best effect on improving meat quality. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 500 mg/kg CYP can improve the meat quality of broilers by improving carcass quality, meat color, shear force, and antioxidant capacity.
Collapse
|
10
|
Dacrema M, Ali A, Ullah H, Khan A, Di Minno A, Xiao J, Martins AMC, Daglia M. Spice-Derived Bioactive Compounds Confer Colorectal Cancer Prevention via Modulation of Gut Microbiota. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225682. [PMID: 36428774 PMCID: PMC9688386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most frequent cause of cancer-related mortality among all types of malignancies. Sedentary lifestyles, obesity, smoking, red and processed meat, low-fiber diets, inflammatory bowel disease, and gut dysbiosis are the most important risk factors associated with CRC pathogenesis. Alterations in gut microbiota are positively correlated with colorectal carcinogenesis, as these can dysregulate the immune response, alter the gut's metabolic profile, modify the molecular processes in colonocytes, and initiate mutagenesis. Changes in the daily diet, and the addition of plant-based nutraceuticals, have the ability to modulate the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota, maintaining gut homeostasis and regulating host immune and inflammatory responses. Spices are one of the fundamental components of the human diet that are used for their bioactive properties (i.e., antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects) and these exert beneficial effects on health, improving digestion and showing anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and glucose- and cholesterol-lowering activities, as well as possessing properties that affect cognition and mood. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of spices could be useful in the prevention of various types of cancers that affect the digestive system. This review is designed to summarize the reciprocal interactions between dietary spices and the gut microbiota, and highlight the impact of dietary spices and their bioactive compounds on colorectal carcinogenesis by targeting the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Dacrema
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Arif Ali
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430372, Brazil
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ayesha Khan
- Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Nowshera, Nowshera 24110, Pakistan
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430372, Brazil
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Effects of Supplementing Quails' ( Coturnix japonica) Diets with a Blend of Clove ( Syzygium aromaticum) and Black Cumin ( Nigella sativa) Oils on Growth Performance and Health Aspects. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12111915. [PMID: 36431050 PMCID: PMC9698962 DOI: 10.3390/life12111915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to discover a safe growth promoter and partial alternative for antibiotics, this existing study explores the efficacy of using assorted levels of cold-pressed oil mixtures consisting of 1:1 clove and black cumin (Nigella sativa) oils (CLNS) against the indices of growth and carcass traits, as well as blood components of growing Japanese quails. In a complete randomized design, three hundred growing unsexed Japanese quails (one week of age) were included in this experiment. The treated groups were as follows: (1) control basal diet (CLNS0), (2) basal diet + 1.50 mL CLNS/kg diet (CLNS1.5), and (3) basal diet + 3.00 mL CLNS/kg diet (CLNS3). The results showed that supplementing the diet with a 3.00 mL CLNS/kg diet insignificantly improved body weight (BW) compared with the CLNS0 and CLNS1.5 groups. A significantly (p < 0.05) higher feed intake and feed conversion ratio—FCR— (deterioration of feed conversion) were reported after the addition of CLNS. Feeding the quails on a 3.00 mL CLNS/kg enriched-diet yielded superior values of dressing percentage, carcass yield, and breast and thigh relative weights compared to other groups. A significant decline was noticed in creatinine and BUN levels in birds fed a 1.50 and 3.00 mL CLNS/kg diet compared with the CLNS0 group The liver enzymes and total bilirubin activities showed insignificant effects in quails fed CLNS-enriched diets. The total protein and globulins concentrations presented a significant augment in quails that received CLNS. The antiradical activity of CLNS supplementation showed increases in hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) activity and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, glutathione S transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR) in birds. The concentration of MDA in hepatic homogenates that received CLNS-diets was significantly decreased compared with the control quails. These findings clarified that the dietary inclusion of CLNS can enhance the growth performance and antioxidative status of growing Japanese quails.
Collapse
|
12
|
Abd El-Hack ME, Swelum AA, Attia YA, Abdo M, Abo-Ahmed AI, Emam MA, Alagawany M. Ginger as a Natural Feed Supplement in Poultry Diets. ANTIBIOTIC ALTERNATIVES IN POULTRY AND FISH FEED 2022:33-51. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815049015122010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Poultry ventures have progressed quickly over the last three decades.
Therefore, curative or growth-promoting antibacterial agents have been utilized
extensively. Because of increasing bacterial resistance towards antibiotics and,
consequently, accumulation of antibacterial residues in chicken products and increased
consumer’s demand for products without antibacterial residues, alternative solutions
that could substitute antibiotics without affecting productivity or product quality should
be attempted. Recently, natural replacements such as ginger, etheric oils, organic acids,
garlic prebiotics, immune stimulants and plant extracts were used to improve
productiveness, and body performance, prevent pathogenic microorganisms, and
reduce antibacterial activity usage in poultry manufacturing. The utilization of a single
alternative or a combination of variable replacements and perfect surveillance and flock
health might improve the profits and sustain the productivity of poultry. This chapter
aimed at summarizing the recent knowledge and information regarding the utilization of ginger and its derivatives as natural alternatives or supplements in poultry feed and
their impacts on poultry productivity, meat and egg traits in addition to economic
efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayman A. Swelum
- King Saud University,Department of Animal Production,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Faculty of Agriculture Damanhour University,Animal and Poultry Production Department,Damanhour,,Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo
- Department of Animal Histology and Anatomy,Badr University in Cairo (BUC),Cairo,Egypt
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vita AA, McClure R, Farris Y, Danczak R, Gundersen A, Zwickey H, Bradley R. Associations between Frequency of Culinary Herb Use and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091981. [PMID: 35565947 PMCID: PMC9099813 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While evidence suggests that culinary herbs have the potential to modulate gut microbiota, much of the current research investigating the interactions between diet and the human gut microbiome either largely excludes culinary herbs or does not assess use in standard culinary settings. As such, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate how the frequency of culinary herb use is related to microbiome diversity and the abundance of certain taxa, measured at the phylum level. In this secondary data analysis of the INCLD Health cohort, we examined survey responses assessing frequency of culinary herb use and microbiome analysis of collected stool samples. We did not observe any associations between frequency of culinary herb use and Shannon Index, a measure of alpha diversity. Regarding the abundance of certain taxa, the frequency of use of polyphenol-rich herbs and herbs with certain quantities of antibacterial compounds was positively associated with Firmicutes abundance, and negatively associated with Proteobacteria abundance. Additionally, the total number of herbs used with high frequency, defined as over three times per week, was also positively associated with Firmicutes abundance, independent of adjustments, and negatively associated with Proteobacteria abundance, after adjusting for dietary factors. Frequency of culinary herb use was not associated with Bacteroidota or Actinobacteria abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Adorno Vita
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (A.G.); (H.Z.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ryan McClure
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (R.M.); (Y.F.); (R.D.)
| | - Yuliya Farris
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (R.M.); (Y.F.); (R.D.)
| | - Robert Danczak
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (R.M.); (Y.F.); (R.D.)
| | - Anders Gundersen
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (A.G.); (H.Z.); (R.B.)
| | - Heather Zwickey
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (A.G.); (H.Z.); (R.B.)
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (A.G.); (H.Z.); (R.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Arif M, Rehman AU, Naseer K, Abdel-Hafez SH, Alminderej FM, El-Saadony MT, Abd El-Hack ME, Taha AE, Elnesr SS, Salem HM, Alagawany M. Effect of Aloe vera and clove powder supplementation on growth performance, carcass and blood chemistry of Japanese quails. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101702. [PMID: 35172233 PMCID: PMC8851265 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
|
15
|
Effects of phytogenic feed additives on the reproductive performance of animals. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5816-5822. [PMID: 34588896 PMCID: PMC8459048 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The reproductive performance of ruminants is economically significant, and its improvement is a primary goal of the livestock industry to ensure its sustainability. Several approaches have been developed to use phytogenics as feed additives for several proposes, such as reducing methane emissions, and as an alternative to antibiotics. Phytogenics have potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and metabolism-regulatory properties, and they are present at high levels in animal feeds. This current review considers the potential use of medicinal herbs on the reproductive performance of animals. The influence of diet on the fertility complications commonly noted in ruminants is of global interest. Although the effects of phytogenics on ruminant digestion and absorption are well-explored, their impact on reproductive performance remains poorly investigated. This review focuses on the influence of phytogenics on semen quality, hormonal profiles, and hematobiochemical indices in male ruminants. Based on available data, phytogenics are perceived to improve oocyte quality, reproductive performance, and pregnancy. However, further more comprehensive research on the benefits and potential hazards of the use of phytogenics is required to improve reproductive performance in ruminants.
Collapse
|
16
|
Saeed M, Khan MS, Alagawany M, Farag MR, Alqaisi O, Aqib AI, Qumar M, Siddique F, Ramadan MF. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and its phytochemicals in ruminant feed: an updated review. RENDICONTI LINCEI. SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-021-00985-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
17
|
Abd El-Hack ME, El-Saadony MT, Shehata AM, Arif M, Paswan VK, Batiha GES, Khafaga AF, Elbestawy AR. Approaches to prevent and control Campylobacter spp. colonization in broiler chickens: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:4989-5004. [PMID: 33242194 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter, Gram-negative bacteria, is the most common cause of acute bacterial enteritis in human beings, both in developing and developed countries. It is believed that poultry, in particular broiler chickens, is the main host of human infection with Campylobacter. Handling and consumption of contaminated chicken meat are the usual modes of transmission. Prevention and reduction of Campylobacter colonization in poultry farms will cut off the road of infection transmission to humans throughout the food chain. With the incidence of antibiotic resistance and with growing concern about superbugs, the search for natural and safe alternatives will considerably increase in the coming years. In this review, we will discuss the prevalence and risk factors of Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens and sources of infection. This review also provides extensive and recent approaches to prevent and control Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens, including biosecurity measures, natural feed/drinking water additives with antimicrobial properties, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, and vaccination strategies to prevent and control the incidence of human campylobacteriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrazeq M Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Vinod K Paswan
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Al-Beheira, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, El-Behera University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Effect of different levels of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) essential oil on growth performance and oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in broilers under heat stress. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:84. [PMID: 33411054 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A 49-day fully randomized trial was conducted to investigate the dietary effects of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) essential oil (CEO) on growth performance and oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in broilers under heat stress. A total of 288 male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly divided into 6 dietary groups (4 replicates and 12 birds/replicate) and supplemented as follows: (I) Normal control (NC) received only basal diet under normal condition. The rest of the animals were challenged with heat and assigned to the following groups: (II) Heat stress control (HSC) received only basal diet; (III) Standard treatment (ST) received basal diet + vit E (100 ppm); (IV-VI) Herbal treatments (HT) received basal diet + 250, 350, and 450 ppm CEO. Heat stress could significantly decrease the animals' performance and induce severe oxidative/nitrosative stress. The HT at the middle dose could significantly improve body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake compared to HSC; however, none of the treatments had a significant effect on feed conversion ratio after inducing heat stress. Moreover, both ST and HT with a trend towards concentration-dependent fashion significantly contributed to normalization of oxidative/nitrosative biomarkers. It appears that CEO is a potential replacement for synthetic antioxidants in broiler diets.
Collapse
|
19
|
Suliman GM, Alowaimer AN, Al-Mufarrej SI, Hussein EOS, Fazea EH, Naiel MAE, Alhotan RA, Swelum AA. The effects of clove seed (Syzygium aromaticum) dietary administration on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and sensory attributes of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100904. [PMID: 33518337 PMCID: PMC7936138 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown positive outcomes associated with the incorporation of cloves into broiler chicken diets. This study aimed to evaluate carcass characteristics, meat quality, and sensory attributes of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with different clove seed levels. A total of 240 day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were fed 1 of seven dietary treatments. The control group diet contained 0% clove seeds, whereas the treatment group diets contained up to 6% clove seeds. The chickens' final BW was significantly different between the treatments, which decreased linearly with increasing levels of clove seed inclusion. Broiler chickens fortified with clove seeds did not significantly affect the chickens' carcass characteristics and body composition. However, an increment in weights of carcass components (liver, heart, and gizzard) was observed in low clove seed levels. In addition, water-holding capacity, cooking loss percentages, and tenderness of the meat were improved owing to clove seed inclusion (1 or 2%) compared with the control group. Further studies are warranted to optimize the outstanding use of cloves toward broiler chicken performance enhancement and to produce a high quality of meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaleldin M Suliman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Meat Production, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Abdullah N Alowaimer
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud I Al-Mufarrej
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed O S Hussein
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam H Fazea
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A E Naiel
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Rashed A Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mahgoub SA, Abd El-Hack ME, Mulla ZS, El-Ghareeb WR, Taha AE, Al-Ghadi MQ, Alhimaidi AR, Amran RA, Almutairi B, Tufarelli V, Swelum AA. Improving the Quality of Turkey Meat via Storage Temperature, Packaging Atmosphere, and Oregano (Origanum vulgare) Essential Oil Addition. AGRICULTURE 2020; 10:463. [DOI: 10.3390/agriculture10100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The provision of plentiful good-quality food is a primary issue in the modern world. This work was planned to study the influence of packaging atmosphere and oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil addition [(vacuum packaging: T1 or modified atmosphere packaging or T2 (CO2/N2 = 4:6) or T3, T2 with oregano essential oil (T2 + EO)] under various storage temperatures (0, 5, 10, and 15 °C) on the control of survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and associated spoilage flora in sliced smoked turkey meat. The pathogen increased by only <1.0 log colony-forming unit (CFU)/g under all packaging and temperature combinations. Moreover, T1, T2, and T3 exerted practically similar inhibitory activity against the pathogen and dominating bacteria, with a relatively low growth of E. coli O157:H7 in sliced smoked turkey during the shelf life under all storage regimes compared to the control. However, the pathogen survival was highest on the sliced smoked turkey under T1, decreasing by only 0.67, 0.74, 0.63, and 1.30 log CFU/g within 37 days if kept at 0, 5, 10, and 15 °C, respectively. Under T2 and the same condition, E. coli O157:H7 in the product declined by only 0.31, 0.50, 0.72, and 1.10 log CFU/g within 37 days of storage, respectively. In the T3 samples, the pathogen was reduced by only 0.33, 0.67, 1.72, and 3.46 log CFU/g through 37 days of storage, respectively. Under T3 were E. coli O157:H7 populations in smoked turkey eliminated (negative by enrichment) under all conditions (after 129, 95, 95, and 43 days maintained at 0, 5, 10, and 15 °C, respectively) compared with other packaging temperature combinations. Thus, T3 contributed to developing ready-to-eat smoked turkey with enhanced product quality and eliminating the pathogen.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abdel-Moneim AME, Shehata AM, Alzahrani SO, Shafi ME, Mesalam NM, Taha AE, Swelum AA, Arif M, Fayyaz M, Abd El-Hack ME. The role of polyphenols in poultry nutrition. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1851-1866. [PMID: 32969538 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, poultry and animal industries became increasingly interested in using plant-based feed supplements, herbs and their derivatives to retain or enhance their health and productivity. These health benefits for the host mainly attributed to the secondary plant metabolites, namely polyphenols. Polyphenols are renowned for their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-mutagenic and anti-inflammatory properties. However, despite these advantages of polyphenols, they have been characterized by poor absorption in the gut and low concentration in target cells that compromise their role as effective antioxidants. The low bioavailability of polyphenols necessitates the need for further investigations to harness their full potential in poultry farms. This review is existing evidence about the bioavailability of polyphenols and their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, detoxification properties and their impacts on poultry performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdelrazeq M Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Seraj O Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal E Shafi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Zoology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura M Mesalam
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, Egypt
| | - Ayman E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha. Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fayyaz
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha. Punjab, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effects of dried okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) powder on growth, carcass characteristics, blood indices, and meat quality of stored broiler meat. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3060-3069. [PMID: 32475442 PMCID: PMC7597687 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the impacts of dried okra fruit powder (DOFP), used as a natural feed supplement, on growth, carcass, blood, and meat quality parameters of broilers. A total of 240 unsexed, one-week-old chicks were randomly allotted to 4 equal groups with 6 replicates in each group (i.e., 10 birds/replicate). The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet as control, and 3 DOFP groups, supplemented with 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 g DOFP/kg feed, respectively. The results showed that the highest values of live body weight and body weight gain were observed in the group with 1.0 g of DOFP/kg of feed during the fifth week of age and between 1 and 5 wk of age, respectively. During 1 to 3 wk of age, daily feed consumption of chicks fed DOFP-supplemented diets increased numerically with increasing DOFP levels. Dietary treatments significantly depressed liver, thigh, and dressing fat percentages. Chicks fed the diet containing 1.0 g of DOFP/kg of feed had the lowest values for serum urea and creatinine compared with the other treatment group. In addition, the concentration of liver enzymes decreased with increasing DOFP levels, except for the groups fed 3.0 and 1.0 g of DOFP/kg of diet. Oxidative rancidity of broiler meat samples containing DOFP in their diets was lower than that of the control samples, throughout the storage period. It can be concluded that DOFP is a useful phytogenic additive, which can lower the percentage of abdominal fat of the carcass, as well as alanine aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine in the blood. Furthermore, all sensory characteristics of the meat were improved by the addition of DOFP to broiler diets. It could be concluded that DOFP can be used as a natural supplement in broiler diets for improving growth performance and reducing abdominal fat, blood creatinine, and urea.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abd El-Hack ME, Alagawany M, Shaheen H, Samak D, Othman SI, Allam AA, Taha AE, Khafaga AF, Arif M, Osman A, El Sheikh AI, Elnesr SS, Sitohy M. Ginger and Its Derivatives as Promising Alternatives to Antibiotics in Poultry Feed. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E452. [PMID: 32182754 PMCID: PMC7143490 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry enterprises have sustained rapid development through the last three decennaries. For which reason, higher utilization of antibacterial, either as therapeutic or growth promoting agents, has been accepted. Owing to the concern of developing bacterial resistance among populations towards antibiotic generations, accumulation of antibacterial remaining's in chicken products and elevating shopper request for outcomes without antibacterial remaining's, looking for unconventional solutions that could exchange antibacterial without influencing productiveness or product characters. Using natural alternatives including ginger, garlic prebiotics, organic acids, plant extracts, etheric oils and immune stimulants have been applied to advance the performance, hold poultry productiveness, prevent and control the enteric pathogens and minimize the antibacterial utilization in the poultry production in recent years. The use of a single replacement or ideal assemblage of different choices besides good supervision and livestock welfare may play a basic role in maximizing benefits and preserving poultry productiveness. The object of this review was to support an outline of the recent knowledge on the use of the natural replacements (ginger and its derivatives) in poultry feed as feed additives and their effects on poultry performance, egg and meat quality, health as well as the economic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Hazem Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Dalia Samak
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Sarah I. Othman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed A. Allam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef 65211, Egypt;
| | - Ayman E. Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22578, Egypt;
| | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt;
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Ali Osman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (A.O.); (M.S.)
| | - Ahmed I. El Sheikh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud Sitohy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (A.O.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shuai-Cheng W, Xiu-Ling C, Jian-Qing S, Zong-Mei W, Zhen-Jiang Y, Lian-Tao L. Saikosaponin A protects chickens against pullorum disease via modulation of cholesterol. Poult Sci 2019; 98:3539-3547. [PMID: 30995307 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The worsening problem of antibiotic resistance prompts the need for alternative strategies that do not directly target bacteria. Virulent Salmonella pullorum strains can invade macrophages and lead to a systemic infection. Saikosaponin A (SSa), a bioactive saponin isolated from Radix bupleuri, has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and cholesterol regulatory activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SSa on Salmonella-induced pullorum disease in chickens and clarify the possible mechanism. A S. pullorum-induced pullorum disease chicken model was used to confirm the protective effect of SSa in vivo. The model of HD11 cells infected with S. pullorum was used to investigate the molecular mechanism of SSa in vitro. In vivo, SSa prolonged the survival time and decreased the liver bacterial burdens in the pullorum disease model. In vitro, SSa dose-dependently suppressed the invasion of HD11 cells by S. pullorum. SSa depleted cholesterol in the lipid rafts, disrupted the formation of lipid rafts, and promoted the transcription of LXRα, ABCA1, and ABCG1. Moreover, the addition of water-soluble cholesterol and inhibition of LXRα with the LXRα antagonist geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate reversed the inhibitory effects of SSa on the invasion of HD11 cells by S. pullorum. In conclusion, the protective effect of SSa against S. pullorum infection is associated with the upregulation of the LXRα-ABCG1/ABCA1 pathway, which results in a decrease in cholesterol in the lipid rafts of HD11 cells, thereby suppressing the invasion of HD11 cells by S. pullorum. These results validate SSa as a host-target drug for the prevention of bacterial diseases, including those caused by S. pullorum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Shuai-Cheng
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, P.R. China.,Department of Animal Medicine, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Chu Xiu-Ling
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, P.R. China.,Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Su Jian-Qing
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Wu Zong-Mei
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhen-Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Li Lian-Tao
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|