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Rodrigues AM, Paula Zen Petisco Fiore A, Guardia GDA, Tomasin R, Azevedo Reis Teixeira A, Giordano RJ, Schechtman D, Pagano M, Galante PAF, Bruni-Cardoso A. Identification of a novel alternative splicing isoform of the Hippo kinase STK3/MST2 with impaired kinase and cell growth suppressing activities. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03104-2. [PMID: 39174858 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian Ste-20-like Kinases 1 and 2 (MST1/2) are core serine-threonine kinases of the Hippo pathway regulating several cellular processes, including cell cycle arrest and cell death. Here, we discovered a novel alternative splicing variant of the MST2 encoding gene, STK3, in malignant cells and tumor datasets. This variant, named STK3∆7 or MST2∆7 (for mRNA or protein, respectively), resulted from the skipping of exon 7. MST2∆7 exhibited increased ubiquitylation and interaction with the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CHIP compared to the full-length protein (MST2FL). Exon 7 in STK3 encodes a segment within the kinase domain, and its exclusion compromised MST2 interaction with and phosphorylation of MOB, a major MST1/2 substrate. Nevertheless, MST2∆7 was capable of interacting with MST1 and MST2FL. Unlike MST2FL, overexpression of MST2∆7 did not lead to increased cell death and growth arrest. Strikingly, we observed the exclusion of STK3 exon 7 in 3.2-15% of tumor samples from patients of several types of cancer, while STK3∆7 was seldomly found in healthy tissues. Our study identified a novel STK3 splicing variant with loss of function and the potential to disturb tissue homeostasis by impacting on MST2 activities in the regulation of cell death and quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Zen Petisco Fiore
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Rebeka Tomasin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Jose Giordano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deborah Schechtman
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michele Pagano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedro A F Galante
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Manucci AC, Fiore APZP, Genesi GL, Bruni-Cardoso A. The basement membrane regulates the cellular localization and the cytoplasmic interactome of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) in mammary epithelial cells. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30606. [PMID: 38779980 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway, a signaling cascade involved in the regulation of organ size and several other processes, acts as a conduit between extracellular matrix (ECM) cues and cellular responses. We asked whether the basement membrane (BM), a specialized ECM component known to induce quiescence and differentiation in mammary epithelial cells, would regulate the localization, activity, and interactome of YAP, a Hippo pathway effector. To address this question, we used a broad range of experimental approaches, including 2D and 3D cultures of both mouse and human mammary epithelial cells, as well as the developing mouse mammary gland. In contrast to malignant cells, nontumoral cells cultured with a reconstituted BM (rBM) displayed higher concentrations of YAP in the cytoplasm. Incidentally, when in the nucleus of rBM-treated cells, YAP resided preferentially at the nuclear periphery. In agreement with our cell culture experiments, YAP exhibited cytoplasmic predominance in ductal cells of developing mammary epithelia, where a denser BM is found. Conversely, terminal end bud (TEB) cells with a thinner BM displayed higher nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratios of YAP. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that genes regulated by YAP were overrepresented in the transcriptomes of microdissected TEBs. Consistently, mouse epithelial cells exposed to the rBM expressed lower levels of YAP-regulated genes, although the protein level of YAP and Hippo components were slightly altered by the treatment. Mass spectrometry analysis identified a differential set of proteins interacting with YAP in cytoplasmic fractions of mouse epithelial cells in the absence or presence of rBM. In untreated cells, YAP interactants were enriched in processes related to ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, whereas in cells exposed to rBM YAP interactants were mainly key proteins related to amino acid, amino sugar, and carbohydrate metabolism. Collectively, we unraveled that the BM induces YAP translocation or retention in the cytoplasm of nontumoral epithelial cells and that in the cytoplasm YAP seems to undertake novel functions in metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carlos Manucci
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Giovani Luiz Genesi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Feigelman G, Simanovich E, Brockmeyer P, Rahat MA. EMMPRIN promotes spheroid organization and metastatic formation: comparison between monolayers and spheroids of CT26 colon carcinoma cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374088. [PMID: 38725999 PMCID: PMC11079191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In vitro studies often use two-dimensional (2D) monolayers, but 3D cell organization, such as in spheroids, better mimics the complexity of solid tumors. To metastasize, cancer cells undergo the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to become more invasive and pro-angiogenic, with expression of both epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Aims We asked whether EMMPRIN/CD147 contributes to the formation of the 3D spheroid structure, and whether spheroids, which are often used to study proliferation and drug resistance, could better model the EMT process and the metastatic properties of cells, and improve our understanding of the role of EMMPRIN in them. Methods We used the parental mouse CT26 colon carcinoma (CT26-WT) cells, and infected them with a lentivirus vector to knock down EMMPRIN expression (CT26-KD cells), or with an empty lentivirus vector (CT26-NC) that served as a negative control. In some cases, we repeated the experiments with the 4T1 or LLC cell lines. We compared the magnitude of change between CT26-KD and CT26-WT/NC cells in different metastatic properties in cells seeded as monolayers or as spheroids formed by the scaffold-free liquid overlay method. Results We show that reduced EMMPRIN expression changed the morphology of cells and their spatial organization in both 2D and 3D models. The 3D models more clearly demonstrated how reduced EMMPRIN expression inhibited proliferation and the angiogenic potential, while it enhanced drug resistance, invasiveness, and EMT status, and moreover it enhanced cell dormancy and prevented CT26-KD cells from forming metastatic-like lesions when seeded on basement membrane extract (BME). Most interestingly, this approach enabled us to identify that EMMPRIN and miR-146a-5p form a negative feedback loop, thus identifying a key mechanism for EMMPRIN activities. These results underline EMMPRIN role as a gatekeeper that prevents dormancy, and suggest that EMMPRIN links EMT characteristics to the process of spheroid formation. Conclusions Thus, 3D models can help identify mechanisms by which EMMPRIN facilitates tumor and metastasis progression, which might render EMMPRIN as a promising target for anti-metastatic tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Feigelman
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Research Laboratories, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elina Simanovich
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Research Laboratories, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Phillipp Brockmeyer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michal A. Rahat
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Research Laboratories, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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4
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Storme G. Are We Losing the Final Fight against Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:421. [PMID: 38275862 PMCID: PMC10814389 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite our increasing understanding of the biology and evolution of the cancer process, it is indisputable that the natural process of cancer creation has become increasingly difficult to cure, as more mutations are found with age. It is significantly more difficult to challenge the curative method when there is heterogeneity within the tumor, as it hampers clinical and genetic categorization. With advances in diagnostic technologies and screening leading to progressive tumor shrinkage, it becomes more difficult over time to evaluate the effects of treatment on overall survival. New treatments are often authorized based on early evidence, such as tumor response; disease-free, progression-free, meta-static-free, and event-free survival; and, less frequently, based on clinical endpoints, such as overall survival or quality of life, when standard guidelines are not available to approve pharmaceuticals. These clearances usually happen quite rapidly. Although approval takes longer, relative survival demonstrates the genuine worth of a novel medication. Pressure is being applied by pharmaceutical companies and patient groups to approve "new" treatments based on one of the above-listed measures, with results that are frequently insignificantly beneficial and frequently have no impact on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Storme
- Department Radiation Oncology, UZ Brussel, Asfilstraat 20, 9031 Drongen, Belgium
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Maleki EH, Bahrami AR, Matin MM. Cancer cell cycle heterogeneity as a critical determinant of therapeutic resistance. Genes Dis 2024; 11:189-204. [PMID: 37588236 PMCID: PMC10425754 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-tumor heterogeneity is now arguably one of the most-studied topics in tumor biology, as it represents a major obstacle to effective cancer treatment. Since tumor cells are highly diverse at genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic levels, intra-tumor heterogeneity can be assumed as an important contributing factor to the nullification of chemotherapeutic effects, and recurrence of the tumor. Based on the role of heterogeneous subpopulations of cancer cells with varying cell-cycle dynamics and behavior during cancer progression and treatment; herein, we aim to establish a comprehensive definition for adaptation of neoplastic cells against therapy. We discuss two parallel and yet distinct subpopulations of tumor cells that play pivotal roles in reducing the effects of chemotherapy: "resistant" and "tolerant" populations. Furthermore, this review also highlights the impact of the quiescent phase of the cell cycle as a survival mechanism for cancer cells. Beyond understanding the mechanisms underlying the quiescence, it provides an insightful perspective on cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their dual and intertwined functions based on their cell cycle state in response to treatment. Moreover, CSCs, epithelial-mesenchymal transformed cells, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), which are mostly in a quiescent state of the cell cycle are proved to have multiple biological links and can be implicated in our viewpoint of cell cycle heterogeneity in tumors. Overall, increasing our knowledge of cell cycle heterogeneity is a key to identifying new therapeutic solutions, and this emerging concept may provide us with new opportunities to prevent the dreadful cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim H. Maleki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M. Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, 917751376 Mashhad, Iran
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Khromov T, Fischer L, Leha A, Bremmer F, Fischer A, Schliephake H, Rahat MA, Brockmeyer P. Combined Biomarker System Predicts Prognosis in Patients with Metastatic Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4924. [PMID: 37894290 PMCID: PMC10605069 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with poor patient prognosis. Metastasis is a complex process involving various proteins, tumor cell alterations, including changes attributable to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we investigate a combined protein marker system consisting of connexin 43 (Cx43), EMMPRIN (CD147), E-cadherin, and vimentin, with a focus on their roles in the invasive metastatic progression of OSCC and their potential utility in predicting prognosis. METHODS We conducted an immunohistochemical analysis to assess the protein expression profiles of Cx43, EMMPRIN, E-cadherin, and vimentin using tissue samples obtained from 24 OSCC patients. The metastatic process was mapped through different regions of interest (ROIs), including adjacent healthy oral mucosa (OM), center of primary OSCC, invasive front (IF), and local cervical lymph node metastases (LNM). The primary clinical endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Substantial changes in the expression profiles of the different marker proteins were observed among the different ROIs, with all p-values < 0.05, signifying statistical significance. Multivariable Cox regression analysis results showed a significant effect of increased EMMPRIN expression toward the IF on DFS (p = 0.019) and OS (p = 0.023). Furthermore, the combined predictive analysis showed a significant predictive value of the marker system for DFS (p = 0.0017) and OS (p = 0.00044). CONCLUSIONS The combined marker system exhibited a significant ability to predict patient prognosis. An increase in EMMPRIN expression toward the IF showed the strongest effect and could be an interesting new antimetastatic therapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Khromov
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (T.K.); (A.F.)
| | - Lucas Fischer
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Andreas Leha
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Felix Bremmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Andreas Fischer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (T.K.); (A.F.)
| | - Henning Schliephake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Michal Amit Rahat
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel;
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3109601, Israel
| | - Phillipp Brockmeyer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
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Yang N, Occean JR, Melters DP, Shi C, Wang L, Stransky S, Doyle ME, Cui CY, Delannoy M, Fan J, Slama E, Egan JM, De S, Cunningham SC, de Cabo R, Sidoli S, Dalal Y, Sen P. A hyper-quiescent chromatin state formed during aging is reversed by regeneration. Mol Cell 2023; 83:1659-1676.e11. [PMID: 37116496 PMCID: PMC10228348 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations are a key hallmark of aging but have been limitedly explored in tissues. Here, using naturally aged murine liver as a model and extending to other quiescent tissues, we find that aging is driven by temporal chromatin alterations that promote a refractory cellular state and compromise cellular identity. Using an integrated multi-omics approach and the first direct visualization of aged chromatin, we find that globally, old cells show H3K27me3-driven broad heterochromatinization and transcriptional suppression. At the local level, site-specific loss of H3K27me3 over promoters of genes encoding developmental transcription factors leads to expression of otherwise non-hepatocyte markers. Interestingly, liver regeneration reverses H3K27me3 patterns and rejuvenates multiple molecular and physiological aspects of the aged liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - James R Occean
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Daniël P Melters
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Changyou Shi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Stephanie Stransky
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Maire E Doyle
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Chang-Yi Cui
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michael Delannoy
- JHU SOM Microscope Facility, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jinshui Fan
- Computational Biology and Genomics Core, Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Eliza Slama
- Department of Surgery, Ascension Saint Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21229, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Supriyo De
- Computational Biology and Genomics Core, Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Steven C Cunningham
- Department of Surgery, Ascension Saint Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21229, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yamini Dalal
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Payel Sen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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8
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Feigelman G, Simanovich E, Brockmeyer P, Rahat MA. Knocking-Down CD147/EMMPRIN Expression in CT26 Colon Carcinoma Forces the Cells into Cellular and Angiogenic Dormancy That Can Be Reversed by Interactions with Macrophages. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030768. [PMID: 36979746 PMCID: PMC10044868 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis in colorectal cancer is responsible for most of the cancer-related deaths. For metastasis to occur, tumor cells must first undergo the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is driven by the transcription factors (EMT-TFs) Snail, Slug twist1, or Zeb1, to promote their migration. In the distant organs, tumor cells may become dormant for years, until signals from their microenvironment trigger and promote their outgrowth. Here we asked whether CD147/EMMPRIN controls entry and exit from dormancy in the aggressive and proliferative (i.e., non-dormant) CT26 mouse colon carcinoma cells, in its wild-type form (CT26-WT cells). To this end, we knocked down EMMPRIN expression in CT26 cells (CT26-KD), and compared their EMT and cellular dormancy status (e.g., proliferation, pERK/pP38 ratio, vimentin expression, expression of EMT-TFs and dormancy markers), and angiogenic dormancy (e.g., VEGF and MMP-9 secretion, healing of the wounded bEND3 mouse endothelial cells), to the parental cells (CT26-WT). We show that knocking-down EMMPRIN expression reduced the pERK/pP38 ratio, enhanced the expression of vimentin, the EMT-TFs and the dormancy markers, and reduced the proliferation and angiogenic potential, cumulatively indicating that cells were pushed towards dormancy. When macrophages were co-cultured with both types of CT26 cells, the CT26-WT cells increased their angiogenic potential, but did not change their proliferation, state of EMT, or dormancy, whereas the CT26-KD cells exhibited values mostly similar to those of the co-cultured CT26-WT cells. Addition of recombinant TGFβ or EMMPRIN that simulated the presence of macrophages yielded similar results. Combinations of low concentrations of TGFβ and EMMPRIN had a minimal additive effect only in the CT26-KD cells, suggesting that they work along the same signaling pathway. We conclude that EMMPRIN is important as a gatekeeper that prevents cells from entering a dormant state, and that macrophages can promote an exit from dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Feigelman
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3109601, Israel
| | - Elina Simanovich
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
| | - Phillipp Brockmeyer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michal A. Rahat
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3109601, Israel
- Correspondence:
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9
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Yang N, Occean JR, Melters DP, Shi C, Wang L, Stransky S, Doyle ME, Cui CY, Delannoy M, Fan J, Slama E, Egan JM, De S, Cunningham SC, de Cabo R, Sidoli S, Dalal Y, Sen P. A hyper-quiescent chromatin state formed during aging is reversed by regeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.14.528512. [PMID: 36824822 PMCID: PMC9949032 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.14.528512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations are a key hallmark of aging but have been limitedly explored in tissues. Here, using naturally aged murine liver as a model and extending to other quiescent tissues, we find that aging is driven by temporal chromatin alterations that promote a refractory cellular state and compromise cellular identity. Using an integrated multi-omics approach, and the first direct visualization of aged chromatin we find that globally, old cells show H3K27me3-driven broad heterochromatinization and transcription suppression. At the local level, site-specific loss of H3K27me3 over promoters of genes encoding developmental transcription factors leads to expression of otherwise non-hepatocyte markers. Interestingly, liver regeneration reverses H3K27me3 patterns and rejuvenates multiple molecular and physiological aspects of the aged liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - James R. Occean
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniël P. Melters
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, NIH; Bethesda, MD
| | - Changyou Shi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - Lin Wang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - Stephanie Stransky
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein School of Medicine; Bronx, NY
| | - Maire E. Doyle
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - Chang-Yi Cui
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael Delannoy
- JHU SOM Microscope Facility, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD
| | - Jinshui Fan
- Computational Biology and Genomics Core, Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - Eliza Slama
- Department of Surgery, Ascension Saint Agnes Hospital; Baltimore, MD
| | - Josephine M. Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - Supriyo De
- Computational Biology and Genomics Core, Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein School of Medicine; Bronx, NY
| | - Yamini Dalal
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, NIH; Bethesda, MD
| | - Payel Sen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH; Baltimore, MD
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10
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Fiore APZP, Rodrigues AM, Ribeiro-Filho HV, Manucci AC, de Freitas Ribeiro P, Botelho MCS, Vogel C, Lopes-de-Oliveira PS, Pagano M, Bruni-Cardoso A. Extracellular matrix stiffness regulates degradation of MST2 via SCF βTrCP. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130238. [PMID: 36044955 PMCID: PMC9926743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays central roles in relaying mechanical signals during development and tumorigenesis, but how the proteostasis of the Hippo kinase MST2 is regulated remains unknown. Here, we found that chemical inhibition of proteasomal proteolysis resulted in increased levels of MST2 in human breast epithelial cells. MST2 binds SCFβTrCP E3 ubiquitin ligase and silencing βTrCP resulted in MST2 accumulation. Site-directed mutagenesis combined with computational molecular dynamics studies revealed that βTrCP binds MST2 via a non-canonical degradation motif. Additionally, stiffer extracellular matrix, as well as hyperactivation of integrins resulted in enhanced MST2 degradation mediated by integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and actomyosin stress fibers. Our study uncovers the underlying biochemical mechanisms controlling MST2 degradation and underscores how alterations in the microenvironment rigidity regulate the proteostasis of a central Hippo pathway component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Zen Petisco Fiore
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Ana Maria Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Helder Veras Ribeiro-Filho
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Manucci
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Pedro de Freitas Ribeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Christine Vogel
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | | | - Michele Pagano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
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11
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Taghizadeh-Hesary F, Akbari H, Bahadori M, Behnam B. Targeted Anti-Mitochondrial Therapy: The Future of Oncology. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101728. [PMID: 36292613 PMCID: PMC9602426 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Like living organisms, cancer cells require energy to survive and interact with their environment. Mitochondria are the main organelles for energy production and cellular metabolism. Recently, investigators demonstrated that cancer cells can hijack mitochondria from immune cells. This behavior sheds light on a pivotal piece in the cancer puzzle, the dependence on the normal cells. This article illustrates the benefits of new functional mitochondria for cancer cells that urge them to hijack mitochondria. It describes how functional mitochondria help cancer cells’ survival in the harsh tumor microenvironment, immune evasion, progression, and treatment resistance. Recent evidence has put forward the pivotal role of mitochondria in the metabolism of cancer stem cells (CSCs), the tumor components responsible for cancer recurrence and metastasis. This theory highlights the mitochondria in cancer biology and explains how targeting mitochondria may improve oncological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1445613131, Iran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1445613131, Iran
- Correspondence: or (F.T.-H.); or (B.B.); Tel.: +98-912-608-6713 (F.T.-H.); Tel.: +1-407-920-4420 (B.B.)
| | - Hassan Akbari
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 4739-19395, Iran
- Traditional Medicine School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6559, Iran
| | - Moslem Bahadori
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6559, Iran
| | - Babak Behnam
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, Amarex Clinical Research, Germantown, MD 20874, USA
- Correspondence: or (F.T.-H.); or (B.B.); Tel.: +98-912-608-6713 (F.T.-H.); Tel.: +1-407-920-4420 (B.B.)
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12
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Cerqueira OLD, Botelho MCS, Fiore APZP, Osório CABDT, Tomasin R, Morais MCC, López RVM, Cardoso EC, Vilella-Arias SA, Reis EM, Bruni-Cardoso A. Prognostic value of integrin αV expression and localization pattern in invasive breast carcinomas. Neoplasia 2022; 30:100803. [PMID: 35526305 PMCID: PMC9092997 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Tomasin R, Bruni-Cardoso A. The role of cellular quiescence in cancer - beyond a quiet passenger. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:276213. [PMID: 35929545 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescence, the ability to temporarily halt proliferation, is a conserved process that initially allowed survival of unicellular organisms during inhospitable times and later contributed to the rise of multicellular organisms, becoming key for cell differentiation, size control and tissue homeostasis. In this Review, we explore the concept of cancer as a disease that involves abnormal regulation of cellular quiescence at every step, from malignant transformation to metastatic outgrowth. Indeed, disrupted quiescence regulation can be linked to each of the so-called 'hallmarks of cancer'. As we argue here, quiescence induction contributes to immune evasion and resistance against cell death. In contrast, loss of quiescence underlies sustained proliferative signalling, evasion of growth suppressors, pro-tumorigenic inflammation, angiogenesis and genomic instability. Finally, both acquisition and loss of quiescence are involved in replicative immortality, metastasis and deregulated cellular energetics. We believe that a viewpoint that considers quiescence abnormalities that occur during oncogenesis might change the way we ask fundamental questions and the experimental approaches we take, potentially contributing to novel discoveries that might help to alter the course of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeka Tomasin
- e-signal Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ave Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- e-signal Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ave Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
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14
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Rahat MA. Mini-Review: Can the Metastatic Cascade Be Inhibited by Targeting CD147/EMMPRIN to Prevent Tumor Recurrence? Front Immunol 2022; 13:855978. [PMID: 35418981 PMCID: PMC8995701 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.855978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors metastasize very early in their development, and once the metastatic cell is lodged in a remote organ, it can proliferate to generate a metastatic lesion or remain dormant for long periods. Dormant cells represent a real risk for future tumor recurrence, but because they are typically undetectable and insensitive to current modalities of treatment, it is difficult to treat them in time. We describe the metastatic cascade, which is the process that allows tumor cells to detach from the primary tumor, migrate in the tissue, intravasate and extravasate the lymphatics or a blood vessel, adhere to a remote tissue and eventually outgrow. We focus on the critical enabling role of the interactions between tumor cells and immune cells, especially macrophages, in driving the metastatic cascade, and on those stages that can potentially be targeted. In order to prevent the metastatic cascade and tumor recurrence, we would need to target a molecule that is involved in all of the steps of the process, and evidence is brought to suggest that CD147/EMMPRIN is such a protein and that targeting it blocks metastasis and prevents tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal A Rahat
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.,Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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15
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Daignan-Fornier B, Laporte D, Sagot I. Quiescence Through the Prism of Evolution. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:745069. [PMID: 34778256 PMCID: PMC8586652 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.745069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Being able to reproduce and survive is fundamental to all forms of life. In primitive unicellular organisms, the emergence of quiescence as a reversible proliferation arrest has most likely improved cell survival under unfavorable environmental conditions. During evolution, with the repeated appearances of multicellularity, several aspects of unicellular quiescence were conserved while new quiescent cell intrinsic abilities arose. We propose that the formation of a microenvironment by neighboring cells has allowed disconnecting quiescence from nutritional cues. In this new context, non-proliferative cells can stay metabolically active, potentially authorizing the emergence of new quiescent cell properties, and thereby favoring cell specialization. Through its co-evolution with cell specialization, quiescence may have been a key motor of the fascinating diversity of multicellular complexity.
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16
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Xin Y, Guan J, Li Y, Duan C. Regulation of cell quiescence-proliferation balance by Ca2+-CaMKK-Akt signaling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272559. [PMID: 34545403 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.253807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with our extensive understanding of the cell cycle, we have limited knowledge of how the cell quiescence-proliferation decision is regulated. Using a zebrafish epithelial model, we report a novel signaling mechanism governing the cell quiescence-proliferation decision. Zebrafish Ca2+-transporting epithelial cells, or ionocytes, maintain high cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) due to the expression of Trpv6. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of Trpv6, or reduction of external Ca2+ concentration, lowered the [Ca2+]c and reactivated these cells. The ionocyte reactivation was attenuated by chelating intracellular Ca2+ and inhibiting calmodulin (CaM), suggesting involvement of a Ca2+ and CaM-dependent mechanism. Long-term imaging studies showed that after an initial decrease, [Ca2+]c gradually returned to the basal levels. There was a concomitant decease in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ levels. Lowering the ER Ca2+ store content or inhibiting ryanodine receptors impaired ionocyte reactivation. Further analyses suggest that CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) is a key molecular link between Ca2+ and Akt signaling. Genetic deletion or inhibition of CaMKK abolished cell reactivation, which could be rescued by expression of a constitutively active Akt. These results suggest that the quiescence-proliferation decision in zebrafish ionocytes is regulated by Trpv6-mediated Ca2+ and CaMKK-Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yingxiang Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Cunming Duan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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17
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Miller AK, Brown JS, Enderling H, Basanta D, Whelan CJ. The Evolutionary Ecology of Dormancy in Nature and in Cancer. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.676802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dormancy is an inactive period of an organism’s life cycle that permits it to survive through phases of unfavorable conditions in highly variable environments. Dormancy is not binary. There is a continuum of dormancy phenotypes that represent some degree of reduced metabolic activity (hypometabolism), reduced feeding, and reduced reproduction or proliferation. Similarly, normal cells and cancer cells exhibit a range of states from quiescence to long-term dormancy that permit survival in adverse environmental conditions. In contrast to organismal dormancy, which entails a reduction in metabolism, dormancy in cells (both normal and cancer) is primarily characterized by lack of cell division. “Cancer dormancy” also describes a state characterized by growth stagnation, which could arise from cells that are not necessarily hypometabolic or non-proliferative. This inconsistent terminology leads to confusion and imprecision that impedes progress in interdisciplinary research between ecologists and cancer biologists. In this paper, we draw parallels and contrasts between dormancy in cancer and other ecosystems in nature, and discuss the potential for studies in cancer to provide novel insights into the evolutionary ecology of dormancy.
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18
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The Role of miRNAs in Extracellular Matrix Repair and Chronic Fibrotic Lung Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071706. [PMID: 34359876 PMCID: PMC8304879 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in the normal architecture of the lung, from embryonic lung development to mechanical stability and elastic recoil of the breathing adult lung. The lung ECM can modulate the biophysical environment of cells through ECM stiffness, porosity, topography and insolubility. In a reciprocal interaction, lung ECM dynamics result from the synthesis, degradation and organization of ECM components by the surrounding structural and immune cells. Repeated lung injury and repair can trigger a vicious cycle of aberrant ECM protein deposition, accompanied by elevated ECM stiffness, which has a lasting effect on cell and tissue function. The processes governing the resolution of injury repair are regulated by several pathways; however, in chronic lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary disease (IPF) these processes are compromised, resulting in impaired cell function and ECM remodeling. Current estimates show that more than 60% of the human coding transcripts are regulated by miRNAs. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expressions and modulate cellular functions. This review is focused on the current knowledge of miRNAs in regulating ECM synthesis, degradation and topography by cells and their dysregulation in asthma, COPD and IPF.
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19
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Ding Y, Labitzky V, Legler K, Qi M, Schumacher U, Schmalfeldt B, Stürken C, Oliveira-Ferrer L. Molecular characteristics and tumorigenicity of ascites-derived tumor cells: mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as a novel therapy target in ovarian cancer. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:3578-3595. [PMID: 34060699 PMCID: PMC8637562 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer disseminates primarily intraperitoneally. Detached tumor cell aggregates (spheroids) from the primary tumor are regarded as ‘metastatic units’ that exhibit a low sensitivity to classical chemotherapy, probably due to their unique molecular characteristics. We have analyzed the cellular composition of ascites from OvCa patients, using flow cytometry, and studied their behavior in vitro and in vivo. We conclude that ascites‐derived cultured cells from OvCa patients give rise to two subpopulations: adherent cells and non‐adherent cells. Here, we found that the AD population includes mainly CD90+ cells with highly proliferative rates in vitro but no tumorigenic potential in vivo, whereas the NAD population contains principally tumor cell spheroids (EpCAM+/CD24+) with low proliferative potential in vitro. Enriched tumor cell spheroids from the ascites of high‐grade serous OvCA patients, obtained using cell strainers, were highly tumorigenic in vivo and their metastatic spread pattern precisely resembled the tumor dissemination pattern found in the corresponding patients. Comparative transcriptome analyses from ascites‐derived tumor cell spheroids (n = 10) versus tumor samples from different metastatic sites (n = 30) revealed upregulation of genes involved in chemoresistance (TGM1, HSPAs, MT1s), cell adhesion and cell‐barrier integrity (PKP3, CLDNs, PPL), and the oxidative phosphorylation process. Mitochondrial markers (mass and membrane potential) showed a reduced mitochondrial function in tumoroids from tumor tissue compared with ascites‐derived tumor spheroids in flow cytometry analysis. Interestingly, response to OXPHOS inhibition by metformin and IACS010759 in tumor spheroids correlated with the extent of mitochondrial membrane potential measured by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. Our data contribute to a better understanding of the biology of ovarian cancer spheroids and identify the OXPHOS pathway as new potential treatment option in advanced ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Vera Labitzky
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Karen Legler
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Minyue Qi
- Bioinformatic Core Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Christine Stürken
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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20
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Li S, Liu C, Goldstein A, Xin Y, Ke C, Duan C. Calcium State-Dependent Regulation of Epithelial Cell Quiescence by Stanniocalcin 1a. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:662915. [PMID: 33898465 PMCID: PMC8063699 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms regulating cell quiescence-proliferation balance are not well defined. Using a zebrafish model, we report that Stc1a, a secreted glycoprotein, plays a key role in regulating the quiescence-proliferation balance of Ca2+ transporting epithelial cells (ionocytes). Zebrafish stc1a, but not the other stc genes, is expressed in a Ca2+ state-dependent manner. Genetic deletion of stc1a, but not stc2b, increased ionocyte proliferation, leading to elevated body Ca2+ levels, cardiac edema, body swelling, and premature death. The increased ionocyte proliferation was accompanied by an increase in the IGF1 receptor-mediated PI3 kinase-Akt-Tor signaling activity in ionocytes. Inhibition of the IGF1 receptor, PI3 kinase, Akt, and Tor signaling reduced ionocyte proliferation and rescued the edema and premature death in stc1a–/– fish, suggesting that Stc1a promotes ionocyte quiescence by suppressing local IGF signaling activity. Mechanistically, Stc1 acts by inhibiting Papp-aa, a zinc metalloproteinase degrading Igfbp5a. Inhibition of Papp-aa proteinase activity restored ionocyte quiescence-proliferation balance. Genetic deletion of papp-aa or its substrate igfbp5a in the stc1a–/– background reduced ionocyte proliferation and rescued the edema and premature death. These findings uncover a novel and Ca2+ state-dependent pathway regulating cell quiescence. Our findings also provide new insights into the importance of ionocyte quiescent-proliferation balance in organismal Ca2+ homeostasis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Chengdong Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Allison Goldstein
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yi Xin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Cunming Duan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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21
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Kouthouridis S, Goepp J, Martini C, Matthes E, Hanrahan JW, Moraes C. Oxygenation as a driving factor in epithelial differentiation at the air-liquid interface. Integr Biol (Camb) 2021; 13:61-72. [PMID: 33677549 PMCID: PMC7965686 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Culture at the air-liquid interface is broadly accepted as necessary for differentiation of cultured epithelial cells towards an in vivo-like phenotype. However, air-liquid interface cultures are expensive, laborious and challenging to scale for increased throughput applications. Deconstructing the microenvironmental parameters that drive these differentiation processes could circumvent these limitations, and here we hypothesize that reduced oxygenation due to diffusion limitations in liquid media limits differentiation in submerged cultures; and that this phenotype can be rescued by recreating normoxic conditions at the epithelial monolayer, even under submerged conditions. Guided by computational models, hyperoxygenation of atmospheric conditions was applied to manipulate oxygenation at the monolayer surface. The impact of this rescue condition was confirmed by assessing protein expression of hypoxia-sensitive markers. Differentiation of primary human bronchial epithelial cells isolated from healthy patients was then assessed in air-liquid interface, submerged and hyperoxygenated submerged culture conditions. Markers of differentiation, including epithelial layer thickness, tight junction formation, ciliated surface area and functional capacity for mucociliary clearance, were assessed and found to improve significantly in hyperoxygenated submerged cultures, beyond standard air-liquid interface or submerged culture conditions. These results demonstrate that an air-liquid interface is not necessary to produce highly differentiated epithelial structures, and that increased availability of oxygen and nutrient media can be leveraged as important strategies to improve epithelial differentiation for applications in respiratory toxicology and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Kouthouridis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Julie Goepp
- Department of Physiology, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - John W Hanrahan
- Department of Physiology, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christopher Moraes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, Montreal, Canada
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22
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Marescal O, Cheeseman IM. Cellular Mechanisms and Regulation of Quiescence. Dev Cell 2021; 55:259-271. [PMID: 33171109 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Quiescence is a state of reversible proliferative arrest in which cells are not actively dividing and yet retain the capacity to reenter the cell cycle upon receiving an appropriate stimulus. Quiescent cells are remarkably diverse-they reside in different locations throughout the body, serve distinct roles, and are activated by a variety of signals. Despite this diversity, all quiescent cells must be able to persist in a nondividing state without compromising their proliferative potential, which requires changes to core cellular programs. How drastically different cell types are able to implement extensive changes to their gene-expression programs, metabolism, and cellular structures to induce a common cellular state is a fascinating question in cell and developmental biology. In this review, we explore the diversity of quiescent cells and highlight the unifying characteristics that define the quiescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Marescal
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Iain M Cheeseman
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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23
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Racaud-Sultan C, Vergnolle N. GSK3β, a Master Kinase in the Regulation of Adult Stem Cell Behavior. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020225. [PMID: 33498808 PMCID: PMC7911451 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In adult stem cells, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK3β) is at the crossroad of signaling pathways controlling survival, proliferation, adhesion and differentiation. The microenvironment plays a key role in the regulation of these cell functions and we have demonstrated that the GSK3β activity is strongly dependent on the engagement of integrins and protease-activated receptors (PARs). Downstream of the integrin α5β1 or PAR2 activation, a molecular complex is organized around the scaffolding proteins RACK1 and β-arrestin-2 respectively, containing the phosphatase PP2A responsible for GSK3β activation. As a consequence, a quiescent stem cell phenotype is established with high capacities to face apoptotic and metabolic stresses. A protective role of GSK3β has been found for hematopoietic and intestinal stem cells. Latters survived to de-adhesion through PAR2 activation, whereas formers were protected from cytotoxicity through α5β1 engagement. However, a prolonged activation of GSK3β promoted a defect in epithelial regeneration and a resistance to chemotherapy of leukemic cells, paving the way to chronic inflammatory diseases and to cancer resurgence, respectively. In both cases, a sexual dimorphism was measured in GSK3β-dependent cellular functions. GSK3β activity is a key marker for inflammatory and cancer diseases allowing adjusted therapy to sex, age and metabolic status of patients.
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24
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Liu S, Wu X, Yu Y, Wen X, Yu Z, Feng XQ, Zhao H. Geometric Confinement Guides the Expression of Cancer Stem Cell Molecular Markers CD44 via Cell Traction Forces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4623-4630. [PMID: 33455169 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in the cancer metastasis and account for tumor heterogeneity. Growing evidence indicates that the CSC phenotypes are related to the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we report that the gradient of mechanical stresses guides the spatial patterning of the expression of CD44 and Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the geometrically confined multicellular sheets. Our study shows that the cytoskeletal contraction regulates the expression of CD44 through the translocation of YAP into the nucleus. The results demonstrate that geometric confinement and mechanical stresses are the regulators in the spatial patterning of CSC. It may help to understand the relationship between the tumor microenvironment and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Liu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoan Wu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiongwei Wen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhang Yu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Qiao Feng
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hucheng Zhao
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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25
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Lu H, Zhu Q. Identification of Key Biological Processes, Pathways, Networks, and Genes with Potential Prognostic Values in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using a Bioinformatics Approach. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 36:837-849. [PMID: 32598174 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as one primary liver cancer type, accounts for 75%-85% of liver cancer cases. HCC is the second leading cause of cancer death in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa and the sixth most common in western countries. Identification of key genes would facilitate the development of therapies and improve the prognosis outcomes of HCC patients. This study was to identify the key biological processes, pathways, and key genes in HCC. Methods: Data were downloaded from Broad GDAC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and weighted gene coexpression network (WGCNA) were analyzed by DESeq2 and WGCNA, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on all DEGs and the coexpressed genes in two significant modules. Kaplan-Meier plotter online database was used to identify the potential prognostic genes in HCC. Finally, GEO database was used to validate the analysis of gene expression of Broad GDAC data. Results: The authors identified the dark gray and red modules as the significant modules in HCC based on WGCNA. GO and KEGG enrichment of the two significant modules identified the mitochondrion-mediated metabolic processes and pathways, and the cell cycle as the key biological processes and pathways in HCC. Subsequently, 28 hub genes were screened out by constructing protein-protein interaction network using Metascape. Finally, three genes (NDUFAF6, CKAP5, and DSN1 genes) were identified to be potential prognostic and key genes in HCC based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, GEO dataset validation, and literature review. Conclusions: The authors found that mitochondrion-mediated metabolic processes and the cell cycle were the key biological processes and pathways in HCC. NDUFAF6, CKAP5, and DSN1 genes were valuable genes with the potential to be prognosis biomarkers and targeted therapies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianlin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Stonyte V, Martín R, Segura-Peña D, Sekulić N, Lopez-Aviles S. Requirement of PP2A-B56 Par1 for the Stabilization of the CDK Inhibitor Rum1 and Activation of APC/C Ste9 during Pre-Start G1 in S. pombe. iScience 2020; 23:101063. [PMID: 32361273 PMCID: PMC7195536 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Exit from the cell cycle during the establishment of quiescence and upon cell differentiation requires the sustained inactivation of CDK complexes. Fission yeast cells deprived of nitrogen halt cell cycle progression in pre-Start G1, before becoming quiescent or undergoing sexual differentiation. The CDK inhibitor Rum1 and the APC/C activator Ste9 are fundamental for this arrest, but both are down-regulated by CDK complexes. Here, we show that PP2A-B56Par1 is instrumental for Rum1 stabilization and Ste9 activation. In the absence of PP2A-B56Par1, cells fail to accumulate Rum1, and this results in persistent CDK activity, Ste9 inactivation, retention of the mitotic cyclin Cdc13, and impaired withdrawal from the cell cycle during nitrogen starvation. Importantly, mutation of a putative B56 interacting motif in Rum1 recapitulates these defects. These results underscore the relevance of CDK-counteracting phosphatases in cell differentiation, establishment of the quiescent state, and escape from it in cancer cells. PP2A-B56Par1 is required for cell-cycle arrest and mating upon nitrogen deprivation Loss of Par1 impairs degradation of Cdc13 under nitrogen starvation Absence of Par1 impedes proper dephosphorylation of Ste9 and accumulation of Rum1 Mutation of a Rum1 putative PP2A-B56 SLiM depicts similar defects as the loss Par1
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilte Stonyte
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ruth Martín
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Dario Segura-Peña
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nikolina Sekulić
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra Lopez-Aviles
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Kreuzaler P, Panina Y, Segal J, Yuneva M. Adapt and conquer: Metabolic flexibility in cancer growth, invasion and evasion. Mol Metab 2020; 33:83-101. [PMID: 31668988 PMCID: PMC7056924 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been known for close to a century that, on average, tumors have a metabolism that is different from those found in healthy tissues. Typically, tumors show a biosynthetic metabolism that distinguishes itself by engaging in large scale aerobic glycolysis, heightened flux through the pentose phosphate pathway, and increased glutaminolysis among other means. However, it is becoming equally clear that non tumorous tissues at times can engage in similar metabolism, while tumors show a high degree of metabolic flexibility reacting to cues, and stresses in their local environment. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW In this review, we want to scrutinize historic and recent research on metabolism, comparing and contrasting oncogenic and physiological metabolic states. This will allow us to better define states of bona fide tumor metabolism. We will further contextualize the stress response and the metabolic evolutionary trajectory seen in tumors, and how these contribute to tumor progression. Lastly, we will analyze the implications of these characteristics with respect to therapy response. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In our review, we argue that there is not one single oncogenic state, but rather a diverse set of oncogenic states. These are grounded on a physiological proliferative/wound healing program but distinguish themselves due to their large scale of proliferation, mutations, and transcriptional changes in key metabolic pathways, and the adaptations to widespread stress signals within tumors. We find evidence for the necessity of metabolic flexibility and stress responses in tumor progression and how these responses in turn shape oncogenic progression. Lastly, we find evidence for the notion that the metabolic adaptability of tumors frequently frustrates therapeutic interventions.
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Chen JJ, Zhang LN, Cai N, Zhang Z, Ji K. Antipsychotic agent pimozide promotes reversible proliferative suppression by inducing cellular quiescence in liver cancer. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:1101-1109. [PMID: 31322218 PMCID: PMC6667923 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The antipsychotic drug pimozide has been found to exhibit anticancer effects. Previously, it was demonstrated that pimozide inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth, but its pharmacodynamic characteristics remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the reversibility and mechanism of the ability of pimozide to inhibit cell proliferation in liver cancer. Cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit‑8 and colony formation assay. The cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry with Ki‑67 and PI staining. ROS production of HCC cells was detected with DCFH‑DA and inhibited with NAC treatment. Western blot assay was performed to detect the expression of related signaling molecules in HCC cells. Our results showed that pimozide promoted G0/G1 phase arrest in HCC cell lines without significant cell death. Its anti‑proliferative effects on HCC cells were reversible, consistent with involvement of cell quiescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Pimozide enhanced inhibition of HCC cell proliferation by sorafenib. In conclusion, elucidation of pimozide's reversible proliferation inhibition in liver cancer and additive activity with a well‑established anticancer drug warrants further exploration of the potential of pimozide as an adjuvant anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jie Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Li-Na Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Nan Cai
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Kunmei Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
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29
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Jiang T, Xu G, Chen X, Huang X, Zhao J, Zheng L. Impact of Hydrogel Elasticity and Adherence on Osteosarcoma Cells and Osteoblasts. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801587. [PMID: 30838809 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical and physical properties of extracellular matrix (ECM) control cell behaviors, but how they affect osteosarcoma cells that do not require attachment and their normal counterparts (osteoblasts) that are anchorage-dependent has not been reported yet. In this study, the effects of matrix elasticity and adherence on osteosarcoma MG63 cells are investigated using four types of scaffolds (collagen type I, matrigel, alginate, and agarose) with varied adhesion ligands and rigidity, as compared with osteoblast hFOB1.19 cells. MG63 cells on 2D films are sensitive to ECM adherence, similar to the situation of hFOB1.19 cultured in both 2D and 3D. However, osteosarcoma cells in 3D hydrogels are sensitive to ECM elasticity rather than adherence, with tumor proliferation and malignancy varied with matrix rigidity. The results indicate that osteosarcomas cells might adopt unnatural characteristics on flat surfaces. But in 3D culture, they recover their normal state independent of adherence, as regulated mainly by ECM elasticity via the integrin-mediated focal adhesion pathway, which is further confirmed by in vivo studies. In contrast, osteoblasts and 2D cultured osteosarcoma cells are predominantly influenced by ECM bioactivity regulated by integrin-mediated adherens junction pathway. This study might provide new insights into rational design of scaffolds for tumor/tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongmeng Jiang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for BiomedicineLife Sciences InstituteGuangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
- Department of Orthopaedics (Bone and Joint Surgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, Spine Osteopathia)The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineInternational Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft TissueThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Guojie Xu
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for BiomedicineLife Sciences InstituteGuangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
- Department of Orthopaedics (Bone and Joint Surgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, Spine Osteopathia)The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics (Bone and Joint Surgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, Spine Osteopathia)The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Xianyuan Huang
- Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Wuzhou City Wuzhou 543002 China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for BiomedicineLife Sciences InstituteGuangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
- Department of Orthopaedics (Bone and Joint Surgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, Spine Osteopathia)The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineInternational Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft TissueThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for BiomedicineLife Sciences InstituteGuangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
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Sagot I, Laporte D. Quiescence, an individual journey. Curr Genet 2019; 65:695-699. [PMID: 30649583 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-018-00928-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Quiescence is operationally characterized as a temporary and reversible proliferation arrest. There are many preconceived ideas about quiescence, quiescent cells being generally viewed as insignificant sleeping G1 cells. In fact, quiescence is central for organism physiology and its dysregulation involved in many pathologies. The quiescent state encompasses very diverse cellular situations depending on the cell type and its environment. This diversity challenges not only quiescence uniformity but also the universality of the molecular mechanisms beyond quiescence regulation. In this mini-perspective, we discuss recent advances in the concept of quiescence, and illustrate that this multifaceted cellular state is gaining increasing attention in many fields of biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Sagot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5095, Université de Bordeaux, CS61390, Bordeaux Cedex, 33077, France.
| | - Damien Laporte
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5095, Université de Bordeaux, CS61390, Bordeaux Cedex, 33077, France
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Targeting Mitochondria for Treatment of Chemoresistant Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010229. [PMID: 30626133 PMCID: PMC6337358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy in the Western world. This is due, in part, to the fact that despite standard treatment of surgery and platinum/paclitaxel most patients recur with ultimately chemoresistant disease. Ovarian cancer is a unique form of solid tumor that develops, metastasizes and recurs in the same space, the abdominal cavity, which becomes a unique microenvironment characterized by ascites, hypoxia and low glucose levels. It is under these conditions that cancer cells adapt and switch to mitochondrial respiration, which becomes crucial to their survival, and therefore an ideal metabolic target for chemoresistant ovarian cancer. Importantly, independent of microenvironmental factors, mitochondria spatial redistribution has been associated to both tumor metastasis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer while specific sets of genetic mutations have been shown to cause aberrant dependence on mitochondrial pathways in the most aggressive ovarian cancer subtypes. In this review we summarize on targeting mitochondria for treatment of chemoresistant ovarian cancer and current state of understanding of the role of mitochondria respiration in ovarian cancer. We feel this is an important and timely topic given that ovarian cancer remains the deadliest of the gynecological diseases, and that the mitochondrial pathway has recently emerged as critical in sustaining solid tumor progression.
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32
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Sagot I, Laporte D. The cell biology of quiescent yeast – a diversity of individual scenarios. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/1/jcs213025. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.213025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Most cells, from unicellular to complex organisms, spend part of their life in quiescence, a temporary non-proliferating state. Although central for a variety of essential processes including tissue homeostasis, development and aging, quiescence is poorly understood. In fact, quiescence encompasses various cellular situations depending on the cell type and the environmental niche. Quiescent cell properties also evolve with time, adding another layer of complexity. Studying quiescence is, above all, limited by the fact that a quiescent cell can be recognized as such only after having proved that it is capable of re-proliferating. Recent cellular biology studies in yeast have reported the relocalization of hundreds of proteins and the reorganization of several cellular machineries upon proliferation cessation. These works have revealed that quiescent cells can display various properties, shedding light on a plethora of individual behaviors. The deciphering of the molecular mechanisms beyond these reorganizations, together with the understanding of their cellular functions, have begun to provide insights into the physiology of quiescent cells. In this Review, we discuss recent findings and emerging concepts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae quiescent cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Sagot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux-Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR5095-33077 Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Damien Laporte
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux-Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR5095-33077 Bordeaux cedex, France
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