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Qi X, Chen N, Song Q, Chu Y, Wu H, Shan J, Yue H, Zhou G. The investigation of connection between anticoagulant therapy and vitamin K homologues in human determined by LC-MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39140688 DOI: 10.1080/17576180.2024.2383109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Differences are existed in the bioactivity among various vitamin K (VK) forms. To investigate the correlation between clinical parameters of initial anticoagulation and plasma levels of VK1 and VK2 (MK-4 and MK-7), it was necessary to establish a quantitative method for simultaneous determination.Materials & methods: Plasma samples in cardiovascular patients were extracted by cyclohexane and analyzed using a C18 column. Baseline concentrations of VK1, MK-4 and MK-7 were 0.98 ± 0.52 ng/ml, 0.45 ± 0.13 ng/ml and 0.65 ± 0.31 ng/ml, respectively. The concentrations of MK-7 and total VKs were significantly relevant to INR0, respectively (p = 0.010 and p = 0.048, respectively).Conclusion: Thus, when adjusting anticoagulation dosage, concentrations of various VK homologues might be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiemin Qi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Ning Chen
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qinxin Song
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanan Chu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Jingwen Shan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Huijie Yue
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Guohua Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
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2
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Sharma AR, Chatterjee S, Lee YH, Lee SS. Targeting Crosstalk of Signaling Pathways among Muscles-Bone-Adipose Tissue: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Sarcopenia. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1619-1645. [PMID: 37815907 PMCID: PMC11272187 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging process is associated with the development of a wide range of degenerative disorders in mammals. These diseases are characterized by a progressive decline in function at multiple levels, including the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organismal. Furthermore, it is responsible for various healthcare costs in developing and developed countries. Sarcopenia is the deterioration in the quality and functionality of muscles, which is extremely concerning as it manages many functions in the human body. This article reviews the molecular crosstalk involved in sarcopenia and the specific roles of many mediator molecules in establishing cross-talk between muscles, bone, and fatty tissues, eventually leading to sarcopenia. Besides, the involvement of various etiological factors, such as neurology, endocrinology, lifestyle, etc., makes it exceedingly difficult for clinicians to develop a coherent hypothesis that may lead to the well-organized management system required to battle this debilitating disease. The several hallmarks contributing to the progression of the disease is a vital question that needs to be addressed to ensure an efficient treatment for sarcopenia patients. Also, the intricate molecular mechanism involved in developing this disease requires more studies. The direct relationship of cellular senescence with aging is one of the pivotal issues contributing to disease pathophysiology. Some patented treatment strategies have been discussed, including drugs undergoing clinical trials and emerging options like miRNA and protein-enclosed extracellular vesicles. A clear understanding of the secretome, including the signaling pathways involved between muscles, bone, and fatty tissues, is extremely beneficial for developing novel therapeutics for curing sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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Gupta P, Vu T, Man RE, Fenwick EK, Tay L, Yee Sien N, Ng D, Frederick KHX, Yong E, Chew ST, Lamoureux EL. The prevalence patterns and risk factor profiles of poor muscle health and its associated components in multiethnic older Asians: The PIONEER study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:1376-1387. [PMID: 38646827 PMCID: PMC11294041 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aim to determine the multiethnic patterns of the prevalence and associated factors of poor muscle health and its associated components in older Chinese, Malays, and Indian Asian adults. METHODS We included 2199 participants (mean age ± SD: 72.9 ± 8.3 years; 54.3% female) from the baseline assessment of the Population Health and Eye Disease Profile in Elderly Singaporeans (PIONEER; 2017-2022) cohort study. Poor muscle health was defined as the presence of either low muscle mass (DEXA), or low muscle strength (handgrip strength), or low physical performance (gait speed). Its components include poor muscle function (low muscle strength and/or low physical performance without low muscle mass), pre-sarcopenia (low muscle mass only), and any sarcopenia (low muscle mass with low muscle strength and/or low physical performance). Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors were assessed using biochemistry, clinical tests, and validated questionnaires. Regression models were utilized to evaluate the independent risk factors of poor muscle health and its components. RESULTS The national census-adjusted prevalence of poor muscle health (88%) was similar across the three ethnic groups. However, Chinese individuals had higher prevalence of pre-sarcopenia and any sarcopenia, and a lower prevalence of poor muscle function compared with Indians or Malays. We observed ethnic differences in modifiable risk factors (low physical activity, diabetes, osteoporosis, and obesity) of poor muscle health and its components. Although obesity was protective of pre-sarcopenia (RRR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.36) and any sarcopenia (RRR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.47) in the overall population and across ethnic groups, it was associated with 1.7 times (95% CI: 1.07, 2.67) the likelihood of poor muscle function in the entire population. CONCLUSIONS Almost 90% of community dwelling Singaporean aged ≥60 years have poor muscle health across the three ethnic groups with ethnic disparities in modifiable risk factors, highlighting an urgent need for community-wide targeted interventions to promote muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Gupta
- Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore National Eye CentreSingapore
- The Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme (EYE ACP)Duke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingapore
| | - Tai‐Anh Vu
- The Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme (EYE ACP)Duke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingapore
| | - Ryan E.K. Man
- Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore National Eye CentreSingapore
- The Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme (EYE ACP)Duke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingapore
| | - Eva K. Fenwick
- Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore National Eye CentreSingapore
- The Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme (EYE ACP)Duke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingapore
| | - Laura Tay
- Department of Geriatric MedicineSengkang General HospitalSingapore
| | - Ng Yee Sien
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of MedicineSingapore General HospitalSingapore
| | - David Ng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingSingapore General HospitalSingapore
| | | | - Eu‐Leong Yong
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Samuel T.H. Chew
- Department of Geriatric MedicineChangi General HospitalSingapore
- SingHealth Duke‐NUS Medicine Academic Clinical ProgrammeSingapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Ecosse L. Lamoureux
- Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore National Eye CentreSingapore
- The Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme (EYE ACP)Duke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingapore
- The University of MelbourneAustralia
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Tao L, Wang J, Wang K, Liu Q, Li H, Xu S, Gu C, Zhu Y. Exerkine FNDC5/irisin-enriched exosomes promote proliferation and inhibit ferroptosis of osteoblasts through interaction with Caveolin-1. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14181. [PMID: 38689463 PMCID: PMC11320359 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a prevalent metabolic bone disorder characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microstructure. Despite the high prevalence of this disease, no effective treatment for osteoporosis has been developed. Exercise has long been considered a potent anabolic factor that promotes bone mass via upregulation of myokines secreted by skeletal muscle, exerting long-term osteoprotective effects and few side effects. Irisin was recently identified as a novel myokine that is significantly upregulated by exercise and could increase bone mass. However, the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced muscle-bone crosstalk remain unclear. Here, we identified that polyunsaturated fatty acids (arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) are increased in skeletal muscles following a 10-week treadmill exercise programme, which then promotes the expression and release of FNDC5/irisin. In osteoblasts, irisin binds directly to Cav1, which recruits and interacts with AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) to activate the AMPK pathway. Nrf2 is the downstream target of the AMPK pathway and increases the transcription of HMOX1 and Fpn. HMOX1 is involved in regulating the cell cycle and promotes the proliferation of osteoblasts. Moreover, upregulation of Fpn in osteoblasts enhanced iron removal, thereby suppressing ferroptosis in osteoblasts. Additionally, we confirmed that myotube-derived exosomes are involved in the transportation of irisin and enter osteoblasts through caveolae-mediated endocytosis. In conclusion, our findings highlight the crucial role of irisin, present in myotube-derived exosomes, as a crucial regulator of exercise-induced protective effects on bone, which provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying exercise-dependent treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tao
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qichang Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Hongyang Li
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Site Xu
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Chunjian Gu
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
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Shamsalinia A, Hosseini SR, Bijani A, Ghadimi R, Kordbageri MR, Saadati K, Ghaffari F. Effects of Frailty Syndrome on Osteoporosis, Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Muscle Strength and Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults (≥60 years) in Iran: Results From the Amirkola Health and Aging Project Cohort Study. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil 2024; 15:21514593241264647. [PMID: 39070931 PMCID: PMC11273585 DOI: 10.1177/21514593241264647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction For older adults, maintaining muscle strength and balance is crucial to preserve an upright posture and independently manage their basic activities of daily living (ADL). This study aimed to examine whether muscle strength and balance mediate the relationship between frailty syndrome (FS) and osteoporosis in a large sample of community-dwelling older adults. Material and Methods This cross-sectional study is part of the second phase (2016-2017) of the Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP), a cohort study conducted on all elderly aged 60 and over in Amirkola, Northern Iran, since 2011. Data from 2018 older adults were collected by a trained person using bone mineral density (BMD), frailty index, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), handgrip strength (HGS), quadriceps muscle strength (QMS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Timed Up and Go test (TUG test) and analyzed using analysis of variance, chi-square, and path analysis tests. Results The mean indices of femoral neck BMD and lumbar spine BMD, HGS, QMS, BBS, ADL, and IADL were lower in the frail older adults than in the pre-frail and non-frail older adults. In addition, the mean TUG test level was higher in the frail older adults than in the non-frail and pre-frail older adults. The results of the present study have indicated that frailty is significantly related to osteoporosis, and that balance and muscle strength can predict osteoporosis; these variables play a mediating role in the relationship between frailty and osteoporosis. Conclusion From the results of the present study, it can be concluded that frailty may increase the odds of osteoporosis. The results of the current study have indicated that balance (BBS and TUG test) and muscle strength (HGS and QMS) are associated with osteoporosis and these variables play a mediating role in the relationship between frailty and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shamsalinia
- Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Bijani
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Reza Ghadimi
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Kiyana Saadati
- Student Research Committee, Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffari
- Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
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Deng X, Wu X, Sun Z, Liu Q, Yuan G. Associations between new obesity indices and abnormal bone density in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Osteoporos Int 2024:10.1007/s00198-024-07163-9. [PMID: 38965122 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The clinical data analysis found that, compared with the traditional obesity index, the waist-weight ratio (WWR) has more advantages in predicting abnormal bone mineral density in subjects with type 2 diabetes. WWR may serve as a new predictive indicator for osteoporosis in T2DM patients. PURPOSE This study was designed to explore the correlation between obesity-related indices and bone mineral density (BMD) and its influencing factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS A total of 528 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited. Glucose tolerance, insulin stimulation, and blood biochemical tests were conducted on all participants. All subjects underwent dual-energy X-ray bone density testing and were grouped based on the bone density results. RESULTS Compared with those in the normal BMD group, the waist-to-body weight ratio (WWR) and weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) in the osteopenia and osteoporosis groups were significantly greater, while body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower (P < 0.05). The logistic regression results showed that the WWR, WWI, and BMI were independently correlated with abnormal BMD in T2DM patients (P < 0.05). WWR and the WWI were negatively correlated with the T-value of bone density in various parts of the body, while BMI was positively correlated with the T-value of bone density (P < 0.05). The area under the working characteristic curve (AUC) for T2DM patients with abnormal bone mass predicted by the WWR [0.806, 95% CI = (0.770-0.843), P < 0.001] was greater than that for patients with other obesity indicators, such as the WWI and BMI. CONCLUSION We found a positive correlation between the WWR and bone density in T2DM patients. Compared with other obesity indicators, such as BMI and WWI, the WWR has a stronger discriminative ability for T2DM patients with abnormal bone density. Therefore, more attention should be given to the WWR in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xunan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaoyan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
- Endocrine Research Institute, The affiliated hospital of jiangsu university, Zhenjiang, China.
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Solla-Suarez P, Arif SG, Ahmad F, Rastogi N, Meng A, Cohen JM, Rodighiero J, Piazza N, Martucci G, Lauck S, Webb JG, Kim DH, Kovacina B, Afilalo J. Osteosarcopenia and Mortality in Older Adults Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JAMA Cardiol 2024; 9:611-618. [PMID: 38748410 PMCID: PMC11097099 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2024.0911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Importance Osteosarcopenia is an emerging geriatric syndrome characterized by age-related deterioration in muscle and bone. Despite the established relevance of frailty and sarcopenia among older adults undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), osteosarcopenia has yet to be investigated in this setting. Objective To determine the association between osteosarcopenia and adverse outcomes following TAVR. Design, Setting, and Participants This is a post hoc analysis of the Frailty in Aortic Valve Replacement (FRAILTY-AVR) prospective multicenter cohort study and McGill extension that enrolled patients aged 70 years or older undergoing TAVR from 2012 through 2022. FRAILTY-AVR was conducted at 14 centers in Canada, the United States, and France between 2012 and 2016, and patients at the McGill University-affiliated center in Montreal, Québec, Canada, were enrolled on an ongoing basis up to 2022. Exposure Osteosarcopenia as measured on computed tomography (CT) scans prior to TAVR. Main Outcomes and Measures Clinically indicated CT scans acquired prior to TAVR were analyzed to quantify psoas muscle area (PMA) and vertebral bone density (VBD). Osteosarcopenia was defined as a combination of low PMA and low VBD according to published cutoffs. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, hospital length of stay, disposition, and worsening disability. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. Results Of the 605 patients (271 [45%] female) in this study, 437 (72%) were octogenarian; the mean (SD) age was 82.6 (6.2) years. Mean (SD) PMA was 22.1 (4.5) cm2 in men and 15.4 (3.5) cm2 in women. Mean (SD) VBD was 104.8 (35.5) Hounsfield units (HU) in men and 98.8 (34.1) HU in women. Ninety-one patients (15%) met the criteria for osteosarcopenia and had higher rates of frailty, fractures, and malnutrition at baseline. One-year mortality was highest in patients with osteosarcopenia (29 patients [32%]) followed by those with low PMA alone (18 patients [14%]), low VBD alone (16 patients [11%]), and normal bone and muscle status (21 patients [9%]) (P < .001). Osteosarcopenia, but not low VBD or PMA alone, was independently associated with 1-year mortality (odds ratio [OR], 3.18; 95% CI, 1.54-6.57) and 1-year worsening disability (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.19-3.74). The association persisted in sensitivity analyses adjusting for the Essential Frailty Toolset, Clinical Frailty Scale, and geriatric conditions such as malnutrition and disability. Conclusions and Relevance The findings suggest that osteosarcopenia detected using clinical CT scans could be used to identify frail patients with a 3-fold increase in 1-year mortality following TAVR. This opportunistic method for osteosarcopenia assessment could be used to improve risk prediction, support decision-making, and trigger rehabilitation interventions in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Solla-Suarez
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Monte Naranco Hospital, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Saleena Gul Arif
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fayeza Ahmad
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Neelabh Rastogi
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrew Meng
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joshua M. Cohen
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julia Rodighiero
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolo Piazza
- Division of Cardiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Martucci
- Division of Cardiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Lauck
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovations, St Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John G. Webb
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovations, St Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dae H. Kim
- Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bojan Kovacina
- Department of Radiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Afilalo
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Srikrajang S, Komolsuradej N. Association between Height-Changing Scores and Risk of Sarcopenia Estimated from Anthropometric Measurements in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1005. [PMID: 38786415 PMCID: PMC11121361 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthropometric assessments are commonly used to diagnose sarcopenia in older adults. However, the ongoing exploration of novel approaches aims to improve the early detection of sarcopenia. This study investigated the association between the height-changing score (HCS) and the risk of sarcopenia defined by anthropometric measurements in 340 older adults (mean age: 66.2 years). The HCS derived from the difference in height and demi-span equivalent height (DEH) was used as an indicator of declining height in the older adults. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between the HCS and the risk of sarcopenia in both male and female older adults (OR = 1.146, 95% CI [1.021, 1.286], p = 0.021). In addition, income, BMI, and nutritional status were significantly associated with the risk of sarcopenia (OR = -1.933, 95% CI [0.271, 0.986], p = 0.045; OR = -2.099, 95% CI [0.386, 0.587], p < 0.001; OR = -1.443, 95% CI [0.555, 0.866], p = 0.001, respectively). The white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, and HDL cholesterol were blood biomarkers significantly correlated with calf circumference. It can be suggested that the HCS acts as an indicator and screening tool for sarcopenia risk in older adults, highlighting the potential impact of decreased height on muscle mass loss. Encouraging nutritional support can help mitigate the risk of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwaluk Srikrajang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Kanchanavanich Road, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Narucha Komolsuradej
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Kanchanavanich Road, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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Kang JH, Baek JH, Lee JK, Hong SW. Transcriptional Profiling of Muscle in Females With Distal Radius Fracture and Functional Sarcopenia. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae002. [PMID: 38190405 PMCID: PMC10919888 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and bone interact with each other in mechanical and biochemical ways. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of interaction between muscle and bone by analyzing the transcriptional profiles of total RNA from the muscle tissue of females with distal radius fractures. A total of 30 female participants (mean age 71.1 ± 8.9 years) with distal radius fractures were recruited. Participants were categorized into 2 groups: the NORM group consisted of participants with T score of the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) of the femoral neck higher than -1.0, handgrip strength greater than 18 kg, and gait speed faster than 1.0 m/s (n = 10). Otherwise, participants with T score of the aBMD of the femoral neck equal to or less than -1.0, handgrip strength lower than 18 kg, and gait speed slower than 1.0 m/s (n = 20) were categorized into EXP group. Pronator quadratus muscle samples were obtained from all participants. Total RNA was extracted from frozen muscle samples and sequenced. The gene ontology analysis demonstrated that the potential interactions between attached muscle function and the density of the associated bone would be linked with collagen biosynthetic activity and maintenance of extracellular matrix structures. The analysis of the pathway, network, and protein class exhibited that integrin signaling, inflammatory reactions, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, and extracellular matrix protein structure had possible associations with the molecular background of muscle-bone interaction. Through integrin signaling, MMP activity, inflammatory reactions, and collagen biosynthesis, muscle and bone may mutually interact with one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Kang
- Clinic of Oral Medicine and Orofacial Pain, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Baek
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kwang Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Woo Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Wang Z, Sim HJ, Liu W, Kim JC, Lee JC, Kook SH, Kim SH. Differential Effects of Endurance Exercise on Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Modulation in Old Mice. Aging Dis 2024; 15:755-766. [PMID: 37548936 PMCID: PMC10917547 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most important strategies for successful aging is exercise. However, the effect of exercise can differ among individuals, even with exercise of the same type and intensity. Therefore, this study aims to confirm whether endurance training (ETR) has the same health-promoting effects on the musculoskeletal and hematopoietic systems regardless of age. Ten weeks of ETR improved endurance exercise capacity, with increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial enzymes in both young and old mice. In addition, age-related deterioration of muscle fiber size and bone microstructure was improved. The expression levels of myostatin, muscle RING-finger protein-1, and muscle atrophy F-box in skeletal muscle and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in the femur increased with age but decreased after ETR. ETR differentially modulated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) depending on age; ETR induced HSC quiescence in young mice but caused HSC senescence in old mice. ETR has differential effects on modulation of the musculoskeletal and hematopoietic systems in old mice. In other words, endurance exercise is a double-edged sword for successful aging, and great effort is required to establish exercise strategies for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Wang
- Department of Sports Science, College of Natural Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jaung Sim
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Wenduo Liu
- Department of Sports Science, College of Natural Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Jae Cheol Kim
- Department of Sports Science, College of Natural Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Sung-Ho Kook
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Sang Hyun Kim
- Department of Sports Science, College of Natural Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
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11
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Patil JD, Fredericks S. The role of adipokines in osteoporosis management: a mini review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336543. [PMID: 38516409 PMCID: PMC10956128 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of osteoporosis has been on the rise globally. With ageing populations, research has sought therapeutic solutions in novel areas. One such area is that of the adipokines. Current literature points to an important role for these chemical mediators in relation to bone metabolism. Well-established adipokines have been broadly reported upon. These include adiponectin and leptin. However, other novel adipokines such as visfatin, nesfatin-1, meteorin-like protein (Metrnl), apelin and lipocalin-2 are starting to be addressed pre-clinically and clinically. Adipokines hold pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties that influence the pathophysiology of various bone diseases. Omentin-1 and vaspin, two novel adipokines, share cardioprotective effects and play essential roles in bone metabolism. Studies have reported bone-protective effects of omentin-1, whilst others report negative associations between omentin-1 and bone mineral density. Lipocalin-2 is linked to poor bone microarchitecture in mice and is even suggested to mediate osteoporosis development from prolonged disuse. Nesfatin-1, an anorexigenic adipokine, has been known to preserve bone density. Animal studies have demonstrated that nesfatin-1 treatment limits bone loss and increases bone strength, suggesting exogenous use as a potential treatment for osteopenic disorders. Pre-clinical studies have shown adipokine apelin to have a role in bone metabolism, mediated by the enhancement of osteoblast genesis and the inhibition of programmed cell death. Although many investigations have reported conflicting findings, sufficient literature supports the notion that adipokines have a significant influence on the metabolism of bone. This review aims at highlighting the role of novel adipokines in osteoporosis while also discussing their potential for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salim Fredericks
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland – Medical University of Bahrain, Al Sayh, Bahrain
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12
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De la Corte-Rodriguez H, Roman-Belmonte JM, Resino-Luis C, Madrid-Gonzalez J, Rodriguez-Merchan EC. The Role of Physical Exercise in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: Best Medicine-A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:242. [PMID: 38255129 PMCID: PMC10815384 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide a narrative review of the effects of physical exercise in the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain and can aggravate it. For the management of musculoskeletal pain, physical exercise is an effective, cheap, and safe therapeutic option, given that it does not produce the adverse effects of pharmacological treatments or invasive techniques. In addition to its analgesic capacity, physical exercise has an effect on other pain-related areas, such as sleep quality, activities of daily living, quality of life, physical function, and emotion. In general, even during periods of acute pain, maintaining a minimum level of physical activity can be beneficial. Programs that combine several of the various exercise modalities (aerobic, strengthening, flexibility, and balance), known as multicomponent exercise, can be more effective and better adapted to clinical conditions. For chronic pain, the greatest benefits typically occur with programs performed at light-to-moderate intensity and at a frequency of two to three times per week for at least 4 weeks. Exercise programs should be tailored to the specific needs of each patient based on clinical guidelines and World Health Organization recommendations. Given that adherence to physical exercise is a major problem, it is important to empower patients and facilitate lifestyle change. There is strong evidence of the analgesic effect of physical exercise in multiple pathologies, such as in osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hortensia De la Corte-Rodriguez
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M. Roman-Belmonte
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cruz Roja San José y Santa Adela University Hospital, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.R.-B.); (C.R.-L.)
- Medical School, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio (UAX), 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Resino-Luis
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cruz Roja San José y Santa Adela University Hospital, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.R.-B.); (C.R.-L.)
| | - Jorge Madrid-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Emerito Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research—IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital—Autonomous University of Madrid), 28046 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Kuchi Bhotla H, Meyyazhagan A, Pushparaj K, Pappuswamy M, Chaudhary A, Arumugam VA, Balasubramanian B, Ragu Varman D, Orlacchio A, Rengasamy KRR. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases in South Asians: Scrutinizing Traditional Risk Factors and Newly Recognized Risk Factors Sarcopenia and Osteopenia/Osteoporosis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102071. [PMID: 37690535 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the primary reasons for complications and death worldwide are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), with a death toll of approximately 18 million per year. CVDs include cardiomyopathy, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart attack, hearth failure, etc. Over 80% of the CVD mortality is recorded from lower and middle-income countries. Records from the past decade have highlighted the increase of CVDs among the South Asian populations, and the prime purpose of the review is to jot down the reasons for the steep spike in CVDs. Studies analyzing the causative factors for the increase of CVDs in South Asians are still to be verified. Apart from known predisposing and lifestyle factors, other emerging risk factors associated with CVDs, namely the musculoskeletal diseases sarcopenia and osteopenia, should be tracked to tackle research gaps in upcoming analyses. This requires loads of scientific efforts. With proper monitoring, the raising alarm that the CVD burden generates can be reduced. This review discusses the already established signs and recognizes important clues to the emerging etiology of CVDs in the Asian population and prevention measures to keep it at bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haripriya Kuchi Bhotla
- Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun Meyyazhagan
- Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Karthika Pushparaj
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikantan Pappuswamy
- Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditi Chaudhary
- Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijaya Anand Arumugam
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Durairaj Ragu Varman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Antonio Orlacchio
- Laboratorio di Neurogenetica, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, India.
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14
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Rahimipour Anaraki S, Mohammadian A, Saghafian Larijani S, Niksolat M, Rashedi V, Gholizadeh Mesgarha M. Frailty syndrome in women with osteoporosis, should physicians consider screening? A cross-sectional study. Bone Rep 2023; 19:101722. [PMID: 37929043 PMCID: PMC10624968 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite its high prevalence and profound impact, frailty syndrome often goes undiagnosed. The study revealed a significant correlation between osteoporosis and frailty syndrome, with predictive accuracy exceeding 75 %. Given these findings and the existing recommendation for osteoporosis screening in older women, we underscore the importance of concurrently screening osteoporotic women for frailty. Introduction Frailty syndrome, a prevalent and significant geriatric condition, impacts healthcare costs and quality of life. Previous reviews have associated frailty syndrome with osteoporosis, but original research on this link is limited and has produced conflicting results. This study aims to investigate the relationship between frailty syndrome, osteoporosis, bone mineral densitometry T-score, and other influencing factors. Methods In this cross-sectional study, post-menopausal women underwent screening for osteoporosis and frailty syndrome using bone mineral densitometry and the Fried phenotype. Exclusion criteria included a history of diseases related to bone loss or medications affecting bone metabolism. Bivariate and multivariable tests were used to examine the correlation between frailty syndrome and various covariates, including the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Results A total of 272 women aged 60 to 89 years (mean age 68.57 ± 6.22) were evaluated. Osteoporosis was prevalent in 44.9 % of participants, and frailty syndrome was identified in 36.4 %. The regression model identified age, menopausal age, and the diagnosis of osteoporosis as variables significantly and independently associated with frailty syndrome. A T-score lower than -2.5 in the femur neck or lumbar spine exhibited a sensitivity of 86.6 % and specificity of 76.5 % in predicting frailty syndrome. Conclusion Older adults with osteoporosis face an increased risk of frailty syndrome. Therefore, we recommend that primary care providers screen osteoporotic women for frailty syndrome and, when appropriate, refer this group to geriatric specialists for further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Mohammadian
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Niksolat
- Firoozabadi Clinical and Research Development Unit, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Rashedi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Slade L, Bollen SE, Bass JJ, Phillips BE, Smith K, Wilkinson DJ, Szewczyk NJ, Atherton PJ, Etheridge T. Bisphosphonates attenuate age-related muscle decline in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2613-2622. [PMID: 37722921 PMCID: PMC10751425 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related muscle decline (sarcopenia) associates with numerous health risk factors and poor quality of life. Drugs that counter sarcopenia without harmful side effects are lacking, and repurposing existing pharmaceuticals could expedite realistic clinical options. Recent studies suggest bisphosphonates promote muscle health; however, the efficacy of bisphosphonates as an anti-sarcopenic therapy is currently unclear. METHODS Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a sarcopenia model, we treated animals with 100 nM, 1, 10, 100 and 500 μM zoledronic acid (ZA) and assessed lifespan and healthspan (movement rates) using a microfluidic chip device. The effects of ZA on sarcopenia were examined using GFP-tagged myofibres or mitochondria at days 0, 4 and 6 post-adulthood. Mechanisms of ZA-mediated healthspan extension were determined using combined ZA and targeted RNAi gene knockdown across the life-course. RESULTS We found 100 nM and 1 μM ZA increased lifespan (P < 0.001) and healthspan [954 ± 53 (100 nM) and 963 ± 48 (1 μM) vs. 834 ± 59% (untreated) population activity AUC, P < 0.05]. 10 μM ZA shortened lifespan (P < 0.0001) but not healthspan (758.9 ± 37 vs. 834 ± 59, P > 0.05), whereas 100 and 500 μM ZA were larval lethal. ZA (1 μM) significantly improved myofibrillar structure on days 4 and 6 post-adulthood (83 and 71% well-organized myofibres, respectively, vs. 56 and 34% controls, P < 0.0001) and increased well-networked mitochondria at day 6 (47 vs. 16% in controls, P < 0.01). Genes required for ZA-mediated healthspan extension included fdps-1/FDPS-1 (278 ± 9 vs. 894 ± 17% population activity AUC in knockdown + 1 μM ZA vs. untreated controls, respectively, P < 0.0001), daf-16/FOXO (680 ± 16 vs. 894 ± 17%, P < 0.01) and agxt-2/BAIBA (531 ± 23 vs. 552 ± 8%, P > 0.05). Life/healthspan was extended through knockdown of igdb-1/FNDC5 (635 ± 10 vs. 523 ± 10% population activity AUC in gene knockdown vs. untreated controls, P < 0.01) and sir-2.3/SIRT-4 (586 ± 10 vs. 523 ± 10%, P < 0.05), with no synergistic improvements in ZA co-treatment vs. knockdown alone [651 ± 12 vs. 635 ± 10% (igdb-1/FNDC5) and 583 ± 9 vs. 586 ± 10% (sir-2.3/SIRT-4), both P > 0.05]. Conversely, let-756/FGF21 and sir-2.2/SIRT-4 were dispensable for ZA-induced healthspan [630 ± 6 vs. 523 ± 10% population activity AUC in knockdown + 1 μM ZA vs. untreated controls, P < 0.01 (let-756/FGF21) and 568 ± 9 vs. 523 ± 10%, P < 0.05 (sir-2.2/SIRT-4)]. CONCLUSIONS Despite lacking an endoskeleton, ZA delays Caenorhabditis elegans sarcopenia, which translates to improved neuromuscular function across the life course. Bisphosphonates might, therefore, be an immediately exploitable anti-sarcopenia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Slade
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolExeterUK
- Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Shelby E. Bollen
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC‐Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences (IRIS), School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamDerbyUK
| | - Joseph J. Bass
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC‐Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences (IRIS), School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamDerbyUK
| | - Bethan E. Phillips
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC‐Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences (IRIS), School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamDerbyUK
| | - Kenneth Smith
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC‐Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences (IRIS), School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamDerbyUK
| | - Daniel J. Wilkinson
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC‐Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences (IRIS), School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamDerbyUK
| | - Nathaniel J. Szewczyk
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological InstituteHeritage College of Osteopathic MedicineAthensOHUSA
| | - Philip J. Atherton
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC‐Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences (IRIS), School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamDerbyUK
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16
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Nevi L, Pöllänen N, Penna F, Caretti G. Targeting Epigenetic Regulators with HDAC and BET Inhibitors to Modulate Muscle Wasting. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16404. [PMID: 38003594 PMCID: PMC10671811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes contribute to the profound alteration in the transcriptional program associated with the onset and progression of muscle wasting in several pathological conditions. Although HDACs and their inhibitors have been extensively studied in the field of muscular dystrophies, the potential of epigenetic inhibitors has only been marginally explored in other disorders associated with muscle atrophy, such as in cancer cachexia and sarcopenia. BET inhibitors represent a novel class of recently developed epigenetic drugs that display beneficial effects in a variety of diseases beyond malignancies. Based on the preliminary in vitro and preclinical data, HDACs and BET proteins contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia and sarcopenia, modulating processes related to skeletal muscle mass maintenance and/or metabolism. Thus, epigenetic drugs targeting HDACs and BET proteins may emerge as promising strategies to reverse the catabolic phenotype associated with cachexia and sarcopenia. Further preclinical studies are warranted to delve deeper into the molecular mechanisms associated with the functions of HDACs and BET proteins in muscle atrophy and to establish whether their epigenetic inhibitors represent a prospective therapeutic avenue to alleviate muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Nevi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Noora Pöllänen
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Sharma Ghimire P, Eckart A, Al-Makhzoomy IK, Stavitz J. Sex Differences in Bone, Muscle, and Inflammatory Markers and Their Associations with Muscle Performance Variables. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:215. [PMID: 37999432 PMCID: PMC10675833 DOI: 10.3390/sports11110215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of various markers such as Sclerostin, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), Irisin, receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL), and Vitamin D have been well studied in bone metabolism. Additionally, inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) have been shown to hinder muscle protein synthesis, leading to the loss of muscle and strength. However, a research gap exists in understanding their role in muscle function and physical activity. Therefore, this study aims to explore the serum levels of Sclerostin, DKK-1, Irisin, IL-6, RANKL, Vitamin D, and TNF-α and assess their relationships with upper- and lower-body strength in young adults. In this study, 38 college-aged students (18-23 years), males and females, participated and completed the protocols. The participants' lower and upper body strength were assessed by the vertical jump test (Just Jump, Probotic, AL) with a Tendo FitroDyne (Tendo Sports Machines, Trencin, Slovak Republic) and handgrip (HG) dynamometry (Takei Scientific Instruments, Yashiroda, Japan), respectively. Fasting morning blood samples were analyzed for serum levels of biomarkers by ELISA. The results indicate significant sex differences in Sclerostin, DKK-1, Irisin, and Vitamin D levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a positive association was observed between Sclerostin, DKK-1, and Vitamin D, with lower body muscle performance variables (p < 0.05). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was observed between TNF-α and lower-body muscle performance variables (p < 0.05). The results suggest that these markers may have a distinct effect on muscle performance, underscoring the need for further investigation to elucidate the concept of muscle-bone crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Sharma Ghimire
- College of Health Professions and Human Services, Kean University, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ 07083, USA; (A.E.); (I.K.A.-M.); (J.S.)
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18
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Sheng R, Cao M, Song M, Wang M, Zhang Y, Shi L, Xie T, Li Y, Wang J, Rui Y. Muscle-bone crosstalk via endocrine signals and potential targets for osteosarcopenia-related fracture. J Orthop Translat 2023; 43:36-46. [PMID: 38021216 PMCID: PMC10654153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcopenia is a syndrome coexisting sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis, with a high fracture risk. Recently, skeletal muscle and bone have been recognized as endocrine organs capable of communication through secreting myokines and osteokines, respectively. With a deeper understanding of the muscle-bone crosstalk, these endocrine signals exhibit an important role in osteosarcopenia development and fracture healing. Methods This review summarizes the role of myokines and osteokines in the development and treatment of osteosarcopenia and fracture, and discusses their potential for osteosarcopenia-related fracture treatment. Results Several well-defined myokines (myostatin and irisin) and osteokines (RANKL and SOST) are found to not only regulate skeletal muscle and bone metabolism but also influence fracture healing processes. Systemic interventions targeting these biochemical signals has shown promising results in improving the mass and functions of skeletal muscle and bone, as well as accelerating fracture healing processes. Conclusion The regulation of muscle-bone crosstalk via biochemical signals presents a novel and promising strategy for treating osteosarcopenia and fracture by simultaneously enhancing bone and muscle anabolism. We propose that myostatin, irisin, RANKL, and SOST may serve as potential targets to treat fracture patients with osteosarcopenia. The translational potential of this article Osteosarcopenia is an emerging geriatric syndrome where sarcopenia and osteoporosis coexist, with high fracture risk, delayed fracture healing, and increased mortality. However, no pharmacological agent is available to treat fracture patients with osteosarcopenia. This review summarizes the role of several myokines and osteokines in the development and treatment of osteosacropenia and fracture, as well as discusses their potential as intervention targets for osteosarcopenia-related fracture, which provides a novel and promising strategy for future osteosarcopenia-related fracture treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renwang Sheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mumin Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mingyuan Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Liu Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yingjuan Li
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yunfeng Rui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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Hu K, Deya Edelen E, Zhuo W, Khan A, Orbegoso J, Greenfield L, Rahi B, Griffin M, Ilich JZ, Kelly OJ. Understanding the Consequences of Fatty Bone and Fatty Muscle: How the Osteosarcopenic Adiposity Phenotype Uncovers the Deterioration of Body Composition. Metabolites 2023; 13:1056. [PMID: 37887382 PMCID: PMC10608812 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiposity is central to aging and several chronic diseases. Adiposity encompasses not just the excess adipose tissue but also body fat redistribution, fat infiltration, hypertrophy of adipocytes, and the shifting of mesenchymal stem cell commitment to adipogenesis. Bone marrow adipose tissue expansion, inflammatory adipokines, and adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles are central to the development of osteopenic adiposity. Adipose tissue infiltration and local adipogenesis within the muscle are critical in developing sarcopenic adiposity and subsequent poorer functional outcomes. Ultimately, osteosarcopenic adiposity syndrome is the result of all the processes noted above: fat infiltration and adipocyte expansion and redistribution within the bone, muscle, and adipose tissues, resulting in bone loss, muscle mass/strength loss, deteriorated adipose tissue, and subsequent functional decline. Increased fat tissue, typically referred to as obesity and expressed by body mass index (the latter often used inadequately), is now occurring in younger age groups, suggesting people will live longer with the negative effects of adiposity. This review discusses the role of adiposity in the deterioration of bone and muscle, as well as adipose tissue itself. It reveals how considering and including adiposity in the definition and diagnosis of osteopenic adiposity, sarcopenic adiposity, and osteosarcopenic adiposity will help in better understanding the pathophysiology of each and accelerate possible therapies and prevention approaches for both relatively healthy individuals or those with chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Hu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX 77304, USA; (K.H.); (E.D.E.); (W.Z.); (A.K.); (J.O.); (L.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Elizabeth Deya Edelen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX 77304, USA; (K.H.); (E.D.E.); (W.Z.); (A.K.); (J.O.); (L.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Wenqing Zhuo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX 77304, USA; (K.H.); (E.D.E.); (W.Z.); (A.K.); (J.O.); (L.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Aliya Khan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX 77304, USA; (K.H.); (E.D.E.); (W.Z.); (A.K.); (J.O.); (L.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Josselyne Orbegoso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX 77304, USA; (K.H.); (E.D.E.); (W.Z.); (A.K.); (J.O.); (L.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Lindsey Greenfield
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX 77304, USA; (K.H.); (E.D.E.); (W.Z.); (A.K.); (J.O.); (L.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Berna Rahi
- Department of Human Sciences, Sam Houston State University College of Health Sciences, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA;
| | - Michael Griffin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX 77304, USA; (K.H.); (E.D.E.); (W.Z.); (A.K.); (J.O.); (L.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Jasminka Z. Ilich
- Institute for Successful Longevity, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA;
| | - Owen J. Kelly
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, TX 77304, USA; (K.H.); (E.D.E.); (W.Z.); (A.K.); (J.O.); (L.G.); (M.G.)
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Zhang J, Bai H, Bai M, Wang X, Li Z, Xue H, Wang J, Cui Y, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhou R, Zhu X, Xu M, Zhao X, Liu H. Bisphosphonate-incorporated coatings for orthopedic implants functionalization. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100737. [PMID: 37576870 PMCID: PMC10413202 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs), the stable analogs of pyrophosphate, are well-known inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis to prevent osteoporotic bone loss and improve implant osseointegration in patients suffering from osteoporosis. Compared to systemic administration, BPs-incorporated coatings enable the direct delivery of BPs to the local area, which will precisely enhance osseointegration and bone repair without the systemic side effects. However, an elaborate and comprehensive review of BP coatings of implants is lacking. Herein, the cellular level (e.g., osteoclasts, osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclast precursors, and bone mesenchymal stem cells) and molecular biological regulatory mechanism of BPs in regulating bone homeostasis are overviewed systematically. Moreover, the currently available methods (e.g., chemical reaction, porous carriers, and organic material films) of BP coatings construction are outlined and summarized in detail. As one of the key directions, the latest advances of BP-coated implants to enhance bone repair and osseointegration in basic experiments and clinical trials are presented and critically evaluated. Finally, the challenges and prospects of BP coatings are also purposed, and it will open a new chapter in clinical translation for BP-coated implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Miao Bai
- Department of Ocular Fundus Disease, Ophthalmology Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - ZuHao Li
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Haowen Xue
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Yutao Cui
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Yanbing Wang
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Rongqi Zhou
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Xiujie Zhu
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Mingwei Xu
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - He Liu
- Orthopedic Institute of Jilin Province, Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
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Choi JY, Yang YM. Analysis of the association between osteoporosis and muscle strength in Korean adults: a national cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:97. [PMID: 37700322 PMCID: PMC10498644 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00443-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the associations between osteoporosis and hand grip strength (HGS), a surrogate marker of muscular strength, among Korean adults stratified by body mass index (BMI), age, and renal function. METHODS This study was conducted using the data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2019, a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey performed by the Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. RESULTS Of the 26,855 subjects included in this study, those with low muscle strength (LMS) and normal muscle strength were showed in 4,135 (15.4%) and 22,720 (84.6%) subjects, respectively. The osteoporotic subjects had a higher prevalence rate for LMS than those without osteoporosis after adjusting for age [odds ratio (OR), 1.684; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.500-1.890). The subjects with osteoporosis and BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 also had a higher prevalence rate for LMS after adjusting for age compared to those with non-osteoporosis and BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 (OR, 1.872; 95% CI, 1.043-3.359). Compared to the non-osteoporotic subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, those with osteoporosis and eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 had a higher prevalence rate for LMS after controlling for age and sex (OR, 1.630; 95% CI, 1.427-1.862). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that osteoporosis was likely to contribute to an increased prevalence rate of LMS in terms of HGS. Aging, BMI, and renal function also had significant effects on the association between osteoporosis and LMS. This association is likely to assist in developing better strategies to estimate bone health in clinical or public health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science and Public Health and Safety, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mo Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
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Yang J, Liu P, Wang S, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Liu W. Causal relationship between sarcopenia and osteoarthritis: a bi-directional two-sample mendelian randomized study. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:327. [PMID: 37689698 PMCID: PMC10492359 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that osteoarthritis (OA) and sarcopenia (SP) are closely related to each other, but the causal relationships between them have not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal associations between OA and SP via a bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS A bi-directional two-sample MR was adopted to research the causal relationship between SP and OA. The instrumental variables for SP and four types of OA: KOA, HOA, total knee replacement (TKR) and total hip replacement (THR) were derived from published large genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger and weighted median estimator (WME) methods were used to estimate bi-directional causal effects. RESULTS Low grip strength (GS) did not have a causal effect on four types of OA (KOA: OR = 1.205, 95% CI 0.837-1.734, p = 0.316; HOA: OR = 1.090, 95% CI 0.924-1.609, p = 0.307; TKR: OR = 1.190, 95% CI 1.084-1.307, p = 0.058; THR: OR = 1.035, 95% CI 0.792-1.353, p = 0.798), while appendicular lean mass (ALM) had a causal effect on four types of OA (KOA: OR = 1.104, 95% CI 1.041-1.171, p = 0.001; HOA: OR = 1.151, 95% CI 1.071-1.237, p < 0.001; TKR: OR = 1.114, 95% CI 1.007-1.232, p < 0.001; THR: OR = 1.203, 95% CI 1.099-1.316, p < 0.001). In the reverse direction, KOA or HOA did not have a significant causal effect on both GS and ALM (KOA-GS: OR = 1.077, 95% CI 0.886-1.309, p = 0.458; KOA-ALM: Beta = 0.004, p = 0.892; HOA-GS: OR = 1.038, 95% CI 0.981-1.099, p = 0.209; HOA-ALM: Beta = - 0.017, p = 0.196; TKR-GS: OR = 0.999, 95% CI 0.739-1.351, p = 0.997; TKR-ALM: Beta = 0.018, p = 0.501; THR-GS: OR = 1.037, 95% CI 0.978-1.101, p = 0.222; THR-ALM: Beta = - 0.023, p = 0.081). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that SP may have a causal effect on OA through changes in muscle composition rather than muscle strength, while little evidence was provided for the causal effect of OA on SP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyong Yang
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilong Zhang
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wengang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
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Gross DC, Cheever CR, Batsis JA. Understanding the development of sarcopenic obesity. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023; 18:469-488. [PMID: 37840295 PMCID: PMC10842411 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2267672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcopenic obesity (SarcO) is defined as the confluence of reduced muscle mass and function and excess body fat. The scientific community is increasingly recognizing this syndrome, which affects a subgroup of persons across their lifespans and places them at synergistically higher risk of significant medical comorbidity and disability than either sarcopenia or obesity alone. Joint efforts in clinical and research settings are imperative to better understand this syndrome and drive the development of urgently needed future interventions. AREAS COVERED Herein, we describe the ongoing challenges in defining sarcopenic obesity and the current state of the science regarding its epidemiology and relationship with adverse events. The field has demonstrated an emergence of data over the past decade which we will summarize in this article. While the etiology of sarcopenic obesity is complex, we present data on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that are hypothesized to promote its development, including age-related changes in body composition, hormonal changes, chronic inflammation, and genetic predisposition. EXPERT OPINION We describe emerging areas of future research that will likely be needed to advance this nascent field, including changes in clinical infrastructure, an enhanced understanding of the lifecourse, and potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danae C. Gross
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - C. Ray Cheever
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John A. Batsis
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Dalle Carbonare L, Minoia A, Zouari S, Piritore FC, Vareschi A, Romanelli MG, Valenti MT. Crosstalk between Bone and Muscles during Physical Activity. Cells 2023; 12:2088. [PMID: 37626898 PMCID: PMC10453939 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-muscle crosstalk is enabled thanks to the integration of different molecular signals, and it is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of skeletal and muscle tissue. Both the skeletal system and the muscular system perform endocrine activity by producing osteokines and myokines, respectively. These cytokines play a pivotal role in facilitating bone-muscle crosstalk. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted the role of non-coding RNAs in promoting crosstalk between bone and muscle in physiological or pathological conditions. Therefore, positive stimuli or pathologies that target one of the two systems can affect the other system as well, emphasizing the reciprocal influence of bone and muscle. Lifestyle and in particular physical activity influence both the bone and the muscular apparatus by acting on the single system but also by enhancing its crosstalk. Several studies have in fact demonstrated the modulation of circulating molecular factors during physical activity. These molecules are often produced by bone or muscle and are capable of activating signaling pathways involved in bone-muscle crosstalk but also of modulating the response of other cell types. Therefore, in this review we will discuss the effects of physical activity on bone and muscle cells, with particular reference to the biomolecular mechanisms that regulate their cellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Arianna Minoia
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Sharazed Zouari
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Francesca Cristiana Piritore
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Anna Vareschi
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Maria Grazia Romanelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Maria Teresa Valenti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
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Peng Y, Wu X, Ma X, Xu D, Wang Y, Xia D. Comparison Between the Clinical Effect of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty for Osteoporosis Vertebral Compression Fracture Patient with or Without Sarcopenia: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:3095-3103. [PMID: 37496597 PMCID: PMC10368018 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s423016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenia and osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) are common diseases that increase with age. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sarcopenia on OVCF patients after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). Methods Data of 101 patients who were treated with single-level PKP between January 2021 and March 2022 at Ningbo No.6 Hospital were enrolled. Forty-five OVCF patients with sarcopenia who met our inclusion criteria were included in the Sarcopenia-PKP group (SPKP group), and 56 patients in the Normal-PKP group (NPKP group). All clinical and radiological data were collected from medical records. Baseline characteristics, operation-related parameters (operation time, time to ambulation, hospital stay, surgery segment), clinical outcomes (visual analog score [VAS], Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores [JOA] of lumber), radiological outcomes (vertebral anterior height rate and local kyphosis angle), Macnab score, and complications were evaluated and compared. Results There were no significant differences in age, sex, surgical segment preoperative VAS score, ODI, or JOA between the two groups (P > 0.05). The SPKP group had a significantly lower body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), and smooth muscle index (SMI) than the NPKP group (P < 0.05). Significantly longer hospital stays and time to ambulation in SPKP group than NPKP group (3.7±0.8 vs 3.4±0.5 and 2.0±0.8 vs 1.6±0.5, P < 0.05). In SPKP group, significantly better clinical outcomes at 6- and 12-months follow-up were observed in NPKP group than SPKP group (P < 0.05), and NPKP group showed significantly better in vertebral anterior height rates than SPKP group after 6-month follow-up (P < 0.05). Moreover, there were significantly more cases of complications in the SPKP group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Sarcopenia could reduce the clinical effect of percutaneous kyphoplasty, and furthermore. Related studies are needed to verify the effect of sarcopenia on OVCF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Peng
- Orthopeadic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaochuan Wu
- Orthopeadic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingli Xu
- Clinical Department, Health Science Center, Ningbo University Zhejiang, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Orthopeadic Department, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Xia
- Orthopeadic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
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Awad K, Ahuja N, Yacoub AS, Brotto L, Young S, Mikos A, Aswath P, Varanasi V. Revolutionizing bone regeneration: advanced biomaterials for healing compromised bone defects. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1217054. [PMID: 37520216 PMCID: PMC10376722 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1217054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we explore the application of novel biomaterial-based therapies specifically targeted towards craniofacial bone defects. The repair and regeneration of critical sized bone defects in the craniofacial region requires the use of bioactive materials to stabilize and expedite the healing process. However, the existing clinical approaches face challenges in effectively treating complex craniofacial bone defects, including issues such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and soft tissue loss. Given that a significant portion of individuals affected by traumatic bone defects in the craniofacial area belong to the aging population, there is an urgent need for innovative biomaterials to address the declining rate of new bone formation associated with age-related changes in the skeletal system. This article emphasizes the importance of semiconductor industry-derived materials as a potential solution to combat oxidative stress and address the challenges associated with aging bone. Furthermore, we discuss various material and autologous treatment approaches, as well as in vitro and in vivo models used to investigate new therapeutic strategies in the context of craniofacial bone repair. By focusing on these aspects, we aim to shed light on the potential of advanced biomaterials to overcome the limitations of current treatments and pave the way for more effective and efficient therapeutic interventions for craniofacial bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Awad
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovations, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Neelam Ahuja
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovations, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Ahmed S. Yacoub
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovations, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Leticia Brotto
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovations, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Simon Young
- Katz Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Antonios Mikos
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Center for Excellence in Tissue Engineering, J.W. Cox Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pranesh Aswath
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Venu Varanasi
- Bone Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovations, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
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Elsurer Afsar R, Afsar B, Ikizler TA. Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Muscle Wasting: A Metabolic Point of View. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:1301-1314. [PMID: 37441473 PMCID: PMC10334408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein energy wasting (PEW), mostly characterized by decreased body stores of protein and energy sources, particularly in the skeletal muscle compartment, is highly prevalent in patients with moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is an endocrine hormone secreted from bone and has systemic actions on skeletal muscle. In CKD, FGF23 is elevated and its coreceptor α-klotho is suppressed. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that FGF23 is interconnected with various mechanisms of skeletal muscle wasting in CKD, including systemic and local inflammation, exaggerated oxidative stress, insulin resistance (IR), and abnormalities in adipocytokine metabolism. Investigation of metabolic actions of FGF23 on muscle tissue could provide new insights into metabolic and nutritional abnormalities observed in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rengin Elsurer Afsar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Baris Afsar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Talat Alp Ikizler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt O’Brien Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Ewendt F, Lehmann A, Wodak MF, Stangl GI. All- trans Retinoic Acid and Beta-Carotene Increase Sclerostin Production in C2C12 Myotubes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051432. [PMID: 37239103 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclerostin is a protein secreted by osteocytes whose encoding gene SOST is regulated by mechanical stimuli, cytokines, and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and mediates antianabolic effects on bone formation as an inhibitor of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Interestingly, skeletal muscle has recently been identified as another source of sclerostin, suggesting that the musculature may play an important role in maintaining bone mass. However, regulators of muscular SOST expression are virtually unknown. This study investigates the influence of ATRA and the provitamin A derivative beta-carotene (β-C) on sclerostin synthesis in muscle cells. The impact of ATRA, its synthetic analog TTNPB, and β-C on Sost transcription was analyzed by qRT-PCR in C2C12 myotubes and the secreted sclerostin protein by ELISA. ATRA strongly increases the sclerostin synthesis in C2C12 myotubes in a dose-dependent manner. The stimulating effect of ATRA and TTNPB on Sost is largely reduced in the presence of the retinoic acid receptor inhibitor AGN193109. β-C also increases the Sost expression, but this effect vanishes when β-C is coincubated with beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1)-specific siRNA. Thus, ATRA is a potent stimulator of sclerostin release in muscle cells. β-C can also increase Sost mRNA abundance, but this effect depends on the conversion to a retinoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Ewendt
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Anne Lehmann
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Maximilian F Wodak
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Gabriele I Stangl
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
- NutriCARD Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Bonanni R, Gino Grillo S, Cariati I, Tranquillo L, Iundusi R, Gasbarra E, Tancredi V, Tarantino U. Osteosarcopenia and Pain: Do We Have a Way Out? Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051285. [PMID: 37238956 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcopenia (OSP) is a geriatric syndrome characterized by the coexistence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia and associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures, disability, and mortality. For patients with this syndrome, musculoskeletal pain represents the most significant challenge since, in addition to limiting the individual's functionality and promoting disability, it has a huge psychological burden involving anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and persistence of pain in OSP have not yet been fully elucidated, although immune cells are known to play a key role in these processes. Indeed, they release several molecules that promote persistent inflammation and nociceptive stimulation, resulting in the gating of ion channels responsible for the generation and propagation of the noxious stimulus. The adoption of countermeasures to counteract the OSP progression and reduce the algic component appears to be necessary, providing patients with a better quality of life and greater adherence to treatment. In addition, the development of multimodal therapies, based on an interdisciplinary approach, appears to be crucial, combining the use of anti-osteoporotic drugs with an educational programme, regular physical activity, and proper nutrition to eliminate risk factors. Based on this evidence, we conducted a narrative review using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines to summarize the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved in the pain development in OSP and the potential countermeasures to be taken. The lack of studies addressing this topic highlights the need to conduct new research into the resolution of an ever-expanding social problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bonanni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Gino Grillo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Cariati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Tranquillo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Iundusi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Gasbarra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Tancredi
- Department of Systems Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Wawrzyniak N, Gramza-Michałowska A, Kurzawa P, Kołodziejski P, Suliburska J. Calcium carbonate-enriched pumpkin affects calcium status in ovariectomized rats. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1402-1413. [PMID: 36936115 PMCID: PMC10020404 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)-enriched pumpkin may serve as a good source of calcium for patients diagnosed with osteoporosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of CaCO3-enriched pumpkin on Ca status in ovariectomized rats. The study included 40 female Wistar rats divided into five groups (n = 8). One group was fed with a standard diet (control group), while the other four groups were ovariectomized and received a standard diet (control ovariectomized group), or a diet containing CaCO3-enriched pumpkin, alendronate, or both. The nutritional intervention lasted 12 weeks, and then the rats were euthanized. Tissue and blood samples were collected and assessed for the levels of total Ca, estradiol, parathyroid hormone, and procollagen type I N propeptide. In addition, a histological analysis was performed on femurs. The results of the study suggest that CaCO3-enriched pumpkin can increase Ca content in femurs and improve bone recovery in ovariectomized rats. Furthermore, enriched pumpkin contributes to Ca accumulation in the kidneys, and this effect is more pronounced in combination with alendronate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Kurzawa
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Pozna University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84, 60-596 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland
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Walowski CO, Herpich C, Enderle J, Braun W, Both M, Hasler M, Müller MJ, Norman K, Bosy-Westphal A. Determinants of bone mass in older adults with normal- and overweight derived from the crosstalk with muscle and adipose tissue. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5030. [PMID: 36977715 PMCID: PMC10050471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower bone mass in older adults may be mediated by the endocrine crosstalk between muscle, adipose tissue and bone. In 150 community-dwelling adults (59-86 years, BMI 17-37 kg/m2; 58.7% female), skeletal muscle mass index, adipose tissue and fat mass index (FMI) were determined. Levels of myokines, adipokines, osteokines, inflammation markers and insulin were measured as potential determinants of bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD). FMI was negatively associated with BMC and BMD after adjustment for mechanical loading effects of body weight (r-values between -0.37 and -0.71, all p < 0.05). Higher FMI was associated with higher leptin levels in both sexes, with higher hsCRP in women and with lower adiponectin levels in men. In addition to weight and FMI, sclerostin, osteocalcin, leptin × sex and adiponectin were independent predictors of BMC in a stepwise multiple regression analysis. Muscle mass, but not myokines, showed positive correlations with bone parameters that were weakened after adjusting for body weight (r-values between 0.27 and 0.58, all p < 0.01). Whereas the anabolic effect of muscle mass on bone in older adults may be partly explained by mechanical loading, the adverse effect of obesity on bone is possibly mediated by low-grade inflammation, higher leptin and lower adiponectin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina O Walowski
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University, Düsternbrooker Weg 17, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Catrin Herpich
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Janna Enderle
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University, Düsternbrooker Weg 17, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wiebke Braun
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University, Düsternbrooker Weg 17, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcus Both
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany
| | - Mario Hasler
- Applied Statistics, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manfred J Müller
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University, Düsternbrooker Weg 17, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kristina Norman
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University, Düsternbrooker Weg 17, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
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Yang J, Jiang T, Xu G, Liu W. Bibliometrics Analysis and Visualization of Sarcopenia Associated with Osteoporosis from 2000 to 2022. J Pain Res 2023; 16:821-837. [PMID: 36937229 PMCID: PMC10022445 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s403648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent years have seen an increased awareness of sarcopenia in the cross field of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. The goal of this study was to evaluate current bibliometric characteristics and the status of cross-sectional studies between osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Methods Publications related to osteoporosis and sarcopenia published between January 2000 and November 2022 were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection; bibliometric and visualization were performed by Microsoft Office Excel, VOSviewer, Citespace, and R. Results A total of 1128 documents written by 5791 authors from 1758 organizations in 62 countries and published in 405 journals were identified. USA was the leading country with the highest publication and total citation. University of Melbourne contributed the most publications, while Tufts University had the largest citations. Osteoporosis International was the most influential journals in this field with the highest publications, citations and H index. Cooper C was the most influential author, who published the 20 studies, had the highest local citations and the highest H index. The keywords were classified into 6 clusters: Cluster 1 (aging), Cluster 2 (frailty) and Cluster 3 (osteosarcopenia). Conclusion Our bibliometric results revealed that the global osteoporosis and sarcopenia-related research increased rapidly from 2000 to 2022, suggesting it was a promising area of research for the future. The future trends in the cross field of sarcopenia and osteoporosis would be the molecular mechanisms of crosstalk between muscles and bones, safety and efficacy interventions with a dual effect on muscle and bone and osteosarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyong Yang
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wengang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Wengang Liu, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, 510095, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Hue I, Capilla E, Rosell-Moll E, Balbuena-Pecino S, Goffette V, Gabillard JC, Navarro I. Recent advances in the crosstalk between adipose, muscle and bone tissues in fish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1155202. [PMID: 36998471 PMCID: PMC10043431 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1155202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of tissue metabolism and growth involves interactions between organs, tissues, and cell types, mediated by cytokines or direct communication through cellular exchanges. Indeed, over the past decades, many peptides produced by adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and bone named adipokines, myokines and osteokines respectively, have been identified in mammals playing key roles in organ/tissue development and function. Some of them are released into the circulation acting as classical hormones, but they can also act locally showing autocrine/paracrine effects. In recent years, some of these cytokines have been identified in fish models of biomedical or agronomic interest. In this review, we will present their state of the art focusing on local actions and inter-tissue effects. Adipokines reported in fish adipocytes include adiponectin and leptin among others. We will focus on their structure characteristics, gene expression, receptors, and effects, in the adipose tissue itself, mainly regulating cell differentiation and metabolism, but in muscle and bone as target tissues too. Moreover, lipid metabolites, named lipokines, can also act as signaling molecules regulating metabolic homeostasis. Regarding myokines, the best documented in fish are myostatin and the insulin-like growth factors. This review summarizes their characteristics at a molecular level, and describes both, autocrine effects and interactions with adipose tissue and bone. Nonetheless, our understanding of the functions and mechanisms of action of many of these cytokines is still largely incomplete in fish, especially concerning osteokines (i.e., osteocalcin), whose potential cross talking roles remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, by using selective breeding or genetic tools, the formation of a specific tissue can be altered, highlighting the consequences on other tissues, and allowing the identification of communication signals. The specific effects of identified cytokines validated through in vitro models or in vivo trials will be described. Moreover, future scientific fronts (i.e., exosomes) and tools (i.e., co-cultures, organoids) for a better understanding of inter-organ crosstalk in fish will also be presented. As a final consideration, further identification of molecules involved in inter-tissue communication will open new avenues of knowledge in the control of fish homeostasis, as well as possible strategies to be applied in aquaculture or biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Hue
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, UR1037, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Rennes, France
| | - Encarnación Capilla
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Rosell-Moll
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Balbuena-Pecino
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valentine Goffette
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, UR1037, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Charles Gabillard
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, UR1037, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Rennes, France
| | - Isabel Navarro
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Qin Y, Chen ZH, Wu JJ, Zhang ZY, Yuan ZD, Guo DY, Chen MN, Li X, Yuan FL. Circadian clock genes as promising therapeutic targets for bone loss. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114019. [PMID: 36423544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates many key physiological processes such as the sleep-wake cycle, hormone release, cardiovascular health, glucose metabolism and body temperature. Recent evidence has suggested a critical role of the circadian system in controlling bone metabolism. Here we review the connection between bone metabolism and the biological clock, and the roles of these mechanisms in bone loss. We also analyze the regulatory effects of clock-related genes on signaling pathways and transcription factors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Additionally, osteocytes and endothelial cells (ECs) regulated by the circadian clock are also discussed in our review. Furthermore, we also summarize the regulation of circadian clock genes by some novel modulators, which provides us with a new insight into a potential strategy to prevent and treat bone diseases such as osteoporosis by targeting circadian genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, China
| | - Zheng-Dong Yuan
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, China
| | - Dan-Yang Guo
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, China
| | - Meng-Nan Chen
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, China.
| | - Feng-Lai Yuan
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214041, China.
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Su X, Shen Y, Kim IM, Weintraub NL, Hamrick M, Tang Y. Extracellular Vesicles for Muscle Atrophy Treatment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1418:119-126. [PMID: 37603276 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1443-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a progressive chronic disease associated with various conditions, such as aging, cancer, and muscular dystrophy. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is highly correlated with or plays a crucial role in inducing skeletal muscle atrophy. Extracellular vehicles (EVs), including exosomes, mediate cell-cell communication, and alterations in the genetic material contained in EVs during muscle atrophy may impair muscle cell signaling. Transplantation of muscle progenitor cell-derived EVs (MPC-EVs) is a promising approach for treating muscle diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Moreover, stem cell-derived EVs with modification of microRNAs (e.g., miR-26 and miR-29) have been reported to attenuate muscle atrophy. Unbiased RNA-Seq analysis suggests that MPC-EVs may exert an inhibitory effect on IL-6 pathway. Here, we review the latest advances concerning the mechanisms of stem cell/progenitor cell-derived EVs in alleviating muscle atrophy, including anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. We also discuss the clinical application of EVs in the treatment of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yan Shen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Il-Man Kim
- Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mark Hamrick
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Zhou BN, Zhang Q, Lin XY, Hu J, Zhao DC, Jiang Y, Xing XP, Li M. The roles of sclerostin and irisin on bone and muscle of orchiectomized rats. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:1049. [PMID: 36456918 PMCID: PMC9716692 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reduction in androgen level gives rise to a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle strength, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the roles of novel cytokines of sclerostin and irisin on bone and muscle of orchiectomized rats. METHODS Twenty 3-month-old male rats were randomized to receive sham or orchiectomy (ORX) operation. Rats were euthanized after 8 weeks of surgery, and serum levels of sclerostin and irisin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline and execution. Grip strength was measured by a grip strength tester at baseline and before execution. BMD and bone microarchitecture were measured by microcomputed tomography. The samples of bone and muscle were harvested at execution. Bone biomechanics were measured by three-point bending tests and vertebral body indentation tests. Bone and muscle histological features were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin stain, Von Kossa's stain and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase stain. Simple linear regression analyses were used to analyze the relationships between serum levels of sclerostin, irisin and grip strength and BMD of ORX rats. RESULTS Serum sclerostin level increased from 279 ± 44 pg/mL to 586 ± 57 pg/mL since baseline to 8 weeks after ORX (P = 0.002), which was significantly higher than that in sham rats (406 ± 20 pg/mL at execution) (P = 0.012). Serum irisin level decreased from 4.12 ± 0.20 ng/mL to 3.55 ± 0.29 ng/mL since baseline to 8 weeks of ORX (P = 0.048), which was significantly lower than sham rats (4.84 ± 0.37 pg/mL at execution) (P = 0.013). Trabecular BMD, parameters of bone microarchitecture, bone strength, grip strength and the myofibers size of soleus muscles were significantly lower in ORX rats than in sham group. Grip strength was positively correlated with femoral trabecular BMD (r = 0.713, P < 0.001) and bone volume/total volume (r = 0.712, P < 0.001) in all rats. The serum sclerostin level was negatively correlated to femoral trabecular BMD (r = -0.508, P = 0.022) and grip strength (r = -0.492, P = 0.028). Serum irisin level was positively correlated with femoral trabecular BMD (r = 0.597, P = 0.005), but no obvious correlation was found between irisin level and muscle strength in all rats. CONCLUSIONS Reduced BMD, impaired bone microarchitecture, weak strength of bone and muscle, and thin myofibers were induced by androgen deficiency of ORX rats. Serum sclerostin and irisin levels were significantly changed after ORX, which might be closely correlated with the occurrence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in ORX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-na Zhou
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Endocrinology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan No. 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Qian Zhang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Endocrinology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan No. 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Xiao-yun Lin
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Endocrinology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan No. 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jing Hu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Endocrinology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan No. 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Di-chen Zhao
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Endocrinology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan No. 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Yan Jiang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Endocrinology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan No. 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Xiao-ping Xing
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Endocrinology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan No. 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Mei Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Endocrinology, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan No. 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
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Tarantino U, Greggi C, Visconti VV, Cariati I, Bonanni R, Gasperini B, Nardone I, Gasbarra E, Iundusi R. Sarcopenia and bone health: new acquisitions for a firm liaison. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2022; 14:1759720X221138354. [PMID: 36465879 PMCID: PMC9716454 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x221138354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcopenia (OS) is a newly defined condition represented by the simultaneous presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia, the main age-related diseases. The simultaneous coexistence of the two phenotypes derives from the close connection of the main target tissues involved in their pathogenesis: bone and muscle. These two actors constitute the bone-muscle unit, which communicates through a biochemical and mechanical crosstalk which involves multiple factors. Altered pattern of molecular pathways leads to an impairment of both the functionality of the tissue itself and the communication with the complementary tissue, composing the OS pathogenesis. Recent advances in the genetics field have provided the opportunity to delve deeper into the complex biological and molecular mechanisms underlying OS. Unfortunately, there are still many gaps in our understanding of these pathways, but it has proven essential to apply strategies such as exercise and nutritional intervention to counteract OS. New therapeutic strategies that simultaneously target bone and muscle tissue are limited, but recently new targets for the development of dual-action drug therapies have been identified. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the latest scientific evidence associated with OS, a complex disorder that will pave the way for future research aimed at understanding the bone-muscle-associated pathogenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Sciences and
Translational Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Rome, Italy
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, PTV
Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Greggi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and
Translational Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Veronica Visconti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and
Translational Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via Montpellier 1,
00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Cariati
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention,
University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bonanni
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention,
University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Gasperini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention,
University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Rome, Italy
| | - Italo Nardone
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, PTV
Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Gasbarra
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, PTV
Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Iundusi
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology,
PTV Foundation, Rome, Italy
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Yu X, Sun S, Zhang S, Hao Q, Zhu B, Teng Y, Long Q, Li S, Lv Y, Yue Q, Lu S, Teng Z. A pooled analysis of the association between sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31692. [PMID: 36401390 PMCID: PMC9678526 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a progressive generalized skeletal muscle disorder that causes the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function. Osteoporosis is a systemic condition of the skeleton that results in low bone mass and quality. Several studies have suggested that osteoporosis and sarcopenia are interrelated; however, a few studies indicate the lack of a significant association between sarcopenia and osteoporosis. We aimed to evaluate the association between sarcopenia and osteoporosis via a systematic review and pooled analysis. METHODS From the inception of the PubMed and Embase databases until September 2022, we conducted a systematic search for studies evaluating the relationship between sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Study appraisal and synthesis methods: We included observational studies that provided 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and risk estimates. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the research. The random-effects model was applied to the pool analysis, and the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were finally calculated. RESULTS The primary statistic was the mutual risk between sarcopenia and osteoporosis. According to the inclusion criteria, 56 studies (796,914 participants) were finally included. Sarcopenia was significantly correlative to the risk of osteoporosis (OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 2.30-4.08), and each standard deviation increase in relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass was significantly related to a decreased risk of osteoporosis (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.56-0.75). Osteoporosis observably referred to a higher risk of sarcopenia (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.98-3.49). CONCLUSION Our research indicated that sarcopenia and osteoporosis are highly positively correlated. Osteoporosis is closely associated with the risk of sarcopenia. Our finding highlights the importance of sarcopenia screening for those at risk of osteoporosis, and vice versa. However, heterogeneity was noted among the studies, and this might have influenced the accuracy of the results. Therefore, the results of our study should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Yu
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Qinggang Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Boheng Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yirong Teng
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qing Long
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shujun Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Lv
- The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiaoning Yue
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- * Correspondence: Zhaowei Teng, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650000, Yunnan, China (e-mail: )
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Bandeira F, Bilezikian JP. Bone diseases and the COVID-19 pandemic. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2022; 66:589-590. [PMID: 36382748 PMCID: PMC10118829 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Li G, Zhang L, Lu Z, Yang B, Yang H, Shang P, Jiang JX, Wang D, Xu H. Connexin 43 Channels in Osteocytes Are Necessary for Bone Mass and Skeletal Muscle Function in Aged Male Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13506. [PMID: 36362291 PMCID: PMC9654692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis and sarcopenia (termed "Osteosarcopenia"), the twin-aging diseases, are major contributors to reduced bone mass and muscle weakness in the elderly population. Connexin 43 (Cx43) in osteocytes has been previously reported to play vital roles in bone homeostasis and muscle function in mature mice. The Cx43-formed gap junctions (GJs) and hemichannels (HCs) in osteocytes are important portals for the exchange of small molecules in cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix, respectively. However, the roles of Cx43-based GJs and HCs in both bone and muscle aging are still unclear. Here, we used two transgenic mouse models with overexpression of the dominant negative Cx43 mutants primarily in osteocytes driven by the 10-kb Dmp1 promoter, R76W mice (inhibited gap junctions but enhanced hemichannels) and Δ130-136 mice (both gap junction and hemichannels are inhibited), to determine the actions of Cx43-based hemichannels (HCs) and gap junctions (GJs) in the regulation of bone and skeletal muscle from aged mice (18 months) as compared with those from adult mice (10 months). We demonstrated that enhancement of Cx43 HCs reduces bone mass due to increased osteoclast surfaces while the impairment of Cx43 HCs increases osteocyte apoptosis in aged mice caused by reduced PGE2 levels. Furthermore, altered mitochondrial homeostasis with reduced expression of Sirt-1, OPA-1, and Drp-1 resulted in excessive ROS level in muscle soleus (SL) of aged transgenic mice. In vitro, the impairment of Cx43 HCs in osteocytes from aged mice also promoted muscle collagen synthesis through activation of TGFβ/smad2/3 signaling because of reduced PGE2 levels in the PO CM. These findings indicate that the enhancement of Cx43 HCs while GJs are inhibited reduces bone mass, and the impairment of Cx43 HCs inhibits PGE2 level in osteocytes and this reduction promotes muscle collagen synthesis in skeletal muscle through activation of TGFβ/smad2/3 signaling, which together with increased ROS level contributes to reduced muscle force in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Zhe Lu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Baoqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Peng Shang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jean X. Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Dong’en Wang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Huiyun Xu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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Huang R, Balu AR, Molitoris KH, White JP, Robling AG, Ayturk UM, Baht GS. The role of Meteorin-like in skeletal development and bone fracture healing. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:2510-2521. [PMID: 35076116 PMCID: PMC9309188 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Meteorin-like protein (Metrnl), homologous to the initially identified neurotrophic factor Meteorin, is a secreted, multifunctional protein. Here we used mouse models to investigate Metrnl's role in skeletal development and bone fracture healing. During development Metrnl was expressed in the perichondrium and primary ossification center. In neonates, single cell RNA-seq of diaphyseal bone demonstrated strongest expression of Metrnl transcript by osteoblasts. In vitro, Metrnl was osteoinductive, increasing osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in tissue culture models. In vivo, loss of Metrnl expression resulted in no change in skeletal metrics in utero, at birth, or during postnatal growth. Six-week-old Metrnl-null mice displayed similar body length, body weight, tibial length, femoral length, BV/TV, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, and cortical thickness as littermate controls. In 4-month-old mice, lack of Metrnl expression did not change structural stiffness, ultimate force, or energy to fracture of femora under 3-point-bending. Last, we investigated the role of Metrnl in bone fracture healing. Metrnl expression increased in response to tibial injury, however, loss of Metrnl expression did not affect the amount of bone deposited within the healing tissue nor did it change the structural parameters of healing tissue. This work identifies Metrnl as a dispensable molecule for skeletal development. However, the osteoinductive capabilities of Metrnl may be utilized to modulate osteoblast differentiation in cell-based orthopedic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Department of MedicineDuke Molecular Physiology InstituteDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Abhinav R. Balu
- Department of MedicineDuke Molecular Physiology InstituteDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kristin H. Molitoris
- Department of MedicineDuke Molecular Physiology InstituteDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - James P. White
- Department of MedicineDuke Molecular Physiology InstituteDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Alexander G. Robling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Ugur M. Ayturk
- Department of ResearchHospital for Special SurgeryNew York CityNew YorkUSA,Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWeill Cornell MedicineNew York CityNew YorkUSA
| | - Gurpreet S. Baht
- Department of MedicineDuke Molecular Physiology InstituteDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of PathologyDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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Cento AS, Leigheb M, Caretti G, Penna F. Exercise and Exercise Mimetics for the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Disorders. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:249-259. [PMID: 35881303 PMCID: PMC9522759 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00739-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders affecting bones, joints, and muscles is dramatically increasing in parallel with the increased longevity of the worldwide population, severely impacting on the individual's quality of life and on the healthcare costs. Inactivity and sedentary lifestyle are nowadays considered the main drivers of age-associated musculoskeletal disorders and exercise may counteract such alterations also in other bone- and muscle-centered disorders. This review aims at clarifying the potential use of exercise training to improve musculoskeletal health. RECENT FINDINGS Both the skeletal muscle and the bone are involved in a complex crosstalk determining, in part through tissue-specific and inflammatory/immune released factors, the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. Exercise is able to modulate the levels of those molecules and several associated molecular pathways. Evidence from preclinical and clinical trials supports the adoption of exercise and the future use of exercise mimicking drugs will optimize the care of individuals with musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia S Cento
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Corso Raffaello, 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Leigheb
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Caretti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Corso Raffaello, 30, 10125, Torino, Italy.
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43
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Essex AL, Deosthale P, Huot JR, Davis HM, Momeni N, Bonetto A, Plotkin LI. miR21 deletion in osteocytes has direct and indirect effects on skeletal muscle in a sex-dimorphic manner in mice. Biol Sex Differ 2022; 13:56. [PMID: 36183096 PMCID: PMC9526971 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-022-00465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteocytic microRNA21 (miR21) removal alters cytokine production and bone mass by modulating osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation and activity. Removing osteocytic miR21 increases osteoclast/osteoblast numbers and bone mass in male mice, whereas it decreases osteoclasts/osteoblasts without affecting bone mass in female mice. On the other hand, it leads to sex-independent increases in bone mechanical properties. Because changes in bone remodeling and strength affect skeletal muscle through bone–muscle crosstalk, we investigated whether osteocytic miR21 deletion influences skeletal muscle. Methods miR21fl/fl mice and 8kbDMP1-Cre mice were mated to obtain miR21-deficient mice primarily in the osteocyte (OtmiR21Δ) and littermate controls (miR21fl/fl). Four-month-old male and female mice were analyzed. Body composition was examined by DXA/Piximus and gene expression was assessed by qPCR. Ex vivo cultures of long bones devoid of bone-marrow cells from male and female 4-month-old were maintained for 48 h. Conditioned media were collected and used for the C2C12 assays. Two-way ANOVA analyses were performed to determine the contributions of genotype and sex and their interaction to the effects of miR21 deficiency. Results Lean body mass was increased only in female OtmiR21Δ mice, although miR21 levels in soleus muscle were similar in miR21fl/fl (0.05 ± 0.02) and OtmiR21Δ (0.09 ± 0.04) mice. Female, but not male, OtmiR21Δ mice exhibited increased soleus (42%) and gastrocnemius (21%) muscle weight compared to miR21fl/fl littermates. However, muscle strength and gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross-sectional area were unaltered for either sex. Kinase phosphorylation (phospho/total protein ratio) in soleus muscle, measured as a surrogate for kinase activity by means of multiplex analysis, was also selectively changed depending on the mouse sex. Thus, female OtmiR21Δ mice had higher T185/Y187-ERK1/2 but lower S473-Akt phosphorylation than miR21fl/fl controls, while male OtmiR21Δ mice had higher S473-Akt phosphorylation, suggesting sex-dimorphic shifts in anabolic vs. catabolic signaling. Consistently, levels of FOXO3 and MuRF-1, known to be regulated by Akt, were only increased in male OtmiR21Δ mice. Atrogin-1 mRNA levels were upregulated in female OtmiR21Δ mice, suggesting a potential shift in protein regulation. Sex-specific effects were also found by exposing myotube cultures to conditioned media from 48-h-cultured marrow-flushed bones. Thus 5-day differentiated C2C12 myotubes treated with conditioned media of female OtmiR21Δ mice exhibit 12% higher average diameter compared to cells exposed to miR21fl/fl bone conditioned media. Yet, conditioned media from male bones had no effect on myotube size. Conclusions We present a novel aspect of bone–muscle crosstalk in which osteocyte-derived miR21 influences skeletal muscle size, but not strength, in female but not male mice; whereas, intracellular signaling alterations resulting from loss of miR21 seem to alter protein dynamics in a sex-dimorphic fashion. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13293-022-00465-9. Osteocytic microRNA21 (miR21) removal in OtmiR21Δ mice alters cytokine production and bone mass by modulating osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation and activity. Only female, but not male, OtmiR21Δ mice exhibit higher lean body mass and soleus and gastrocnemius muscle weight compared to miR21fl/fl littermates. Sex-dependent consequences of osteocytic miR21 deletion on skeletal muscle were also found at protein and gene expression level. We conclude that osteocyte-derived miR21 influences skeletal muscle size, but not strength, in female but not male mice; whereas, intracellular signaling alterations resulting from loss of miR21 seem to alter protein dynamics in a sex-dimorphic fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson L Essex
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Padmini Deosthale
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joshua R Huot
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hannah M Davis
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Ely Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nicholas Momeni
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrea Bonetto
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Rupp T, von Vopelius E, Strahl A, Oheim R, Barvencik F, Amling M, Rolvien T. Beneficial effects of denosumab on muscle performance in patients with low BMD: a retrospective, propensity score-matched study. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:2177-2184. [PMID: 35751664 PMCID: PMC9546982 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study examined the effects of denosumab compared to bisphosphonates and vitamin D alone on muscle performance in patients with low BMD. While grip force improved in both the denosumab and bisphosphonate group, a superior increase in chair rising test force was observed in the denosumab group. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the anti-resorptive agent denosumab (Dmab) on upper and lower limb muscle performance compared to bisphosphonate (BP) treatment and vitamin D supplementation alone (i.e., basic therapy) in patients with low BMD. METHODS This retrospective, propensity score-matched (sex, age, BMI, follow-up time) cohort study included 150 osteopenic or osteoporotic patients receiving basic (n = 60), BP (n = 30) or Dmab (n = 60) therapy. All patients underwent a musculoskeletal assessment at baseline and follow-up, including DXA, laboratory bone metabolism parameters, grip force, and chair rising test mechanography. Mean annual percentage changes were calculated and compared between study groups. RESULTS After a mean follow-up period of 17.6 ± 9.0 months, a significantly higher increase in grip force in both the Dmab (p < 0.001) and BP group (p = 0.001) compared to the vitamin D group was observed (vitamin D = - 6.1 ± 10.2%; BP = + 0.8 ± 8.2%; Dmab = + 5.1 ± 25.5%). The Dmab group showed a significantly higher increase in chair rising test force compared to the BP group (vitamin D = + 5.8 ± 12.7%; BP = + 0.9 ± 8.6%; Dmab = + 8.2 ± 14.4%; Dmab vs. BP p = 0.03). Neither the changes in BMD nor in bone metabolic parameters were associated with changes in muscle performance. CONCLUSION Dmab resulted in increased muscle strength in the upper and lower limbs, indicating systemic rather than site-specific effects as compared to BP. Based on these findings, Dmab might be favored over other osteoporosis treatments in patients with low BMD and poor muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Rupp
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestrasse 59, 20259, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Emil von Vopelius
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestrasse 59, 20259, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - André Strahl
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Oheim
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestrasse 59, 20259, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Barvencik
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestrasse 59, 20259, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Amling
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestrasse 59, 20259, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Tim Rolvien
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Abstract
The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) is commonly used to evaluate human skeletal muscle mass. Muscle, an adjacent tissue of bone, is closely related to bone growth and development. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between the ASMI and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) to identify potential risk factors for osteoporosis. We analyzed the data collected by the NHANES from 2017 to 2018, and finally included 948 participants aged 40 to 59 years. We evaluated the correlation between the ASMI and lumbar spine BMD using univariate and multiple linear regression models. The ASMI was calculated from height and appendicular skeletal muscle mass obtained by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Lumbar spine BMD was obtained by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and used as an observation in our study. In all the models, ASMI was significantly associated with lumbar spine BMD (model 1: β = 0.013, P < .001; model 2: β = 0.013, P < .001). In the subgroup analysis stratified by sex, this positive correlation was present in both sexes (male: β = 0.023, P < .001, β = 0.022, < 0.001; female: β = 0.030, P < .001, β = 0.031, P < .001). This study showed that the ASMI was positively associated with lumbar BMD, and that this correlation is present in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Qin
- NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenyong Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China
- *Correspondence: Wenyong Jiao, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NingXia Medical University, No. 2 Liqun Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People’s Republic of China (e-mail: )
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Hart DA, Zernicke RF, Shrive NG. Homo sapiens May Incorporate Daily Acute Cycles of “Conditioning–Deconditioning” to Maintain Musculoskeletal Integrity: Need to Integrate with Biological Clocks and Circadian Rhythm Mediators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179949. [PMID: 36077345 PMCID: PMC9456265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human evolution required adaptation to the boundary conditions of Earth, including 1 g gravity. The bipedal mobility of Homo sapiens in that gravitational field causes ground reaction force (GRF) loading of their lower extremities, influencing the integrity of the tissues of those extremities. However, humans usually experience such loading during the day and then a period of relative unloading at night. Many studies have indicated that loading of tissues and cells of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system can inhibit their responses to biological mediators such as cytokines and growth factors. Such findings raise the possibility that humans use such cycles of acute conditioning and deconditioning of the cells and tissues of the MSK system to elaborate critical mediators and responsiveness in parallel with these cycles, particularly involving GRF loading. However, humans also experience circadian rhythms with the levels of a number of mediators influenced by day/night cycles, as well as various levels of biological clocks. Thus, if responsiveness to MSK-generated mediators also occurs during the unloaded part of the daily cycle, that response must be integrated with circadian variations as well. Furthermore, it is also possible that responsiveness to circadian rhythm mediators may be regulated by MSK tissue loading. This review will examine evidence for the above scenario and postulate how interactions could be both regulated and studied, and how extension of the acute cycles biased towards deconditioning could lead to loss of tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hart
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Bone & Joint Health Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Ronald F. Zernicke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5328, USA
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108-1048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099, USA
| | - Nigel G. Shrive
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4V8, Canada
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DI Monaco M, Castiglioni C, Bardesono F, Freiburger M, Milano E, Massazza G. Is sarcopenia associated with osteoporosis? A cross-sectional study of 262 women with hip fracture. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2022; 58:638-645. [PMID: 35412037 PMCID: PMC9980561 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.22.07215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence support the view that sarcopenia and osteoporosis are strictly connected. However, the capability of the updated sarcopenia definition to capture the concomitant presence of osteoporosis has been scarcely investigated. AIM The main aim was to assess the association between sarcopenia defined according to the revised criteria from the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) and osteoporosis in women with a hip fracture. A second aim was to investigate the thresholds for low appendicular lean mass (aLM) and handgrip strength to optimize osteoporosis detection. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Rehabilitation hospital. POPULATION Women with subacute hip fracture. METHODS A scan by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed to assess body composition. A Jamar dynamometer was used to measure handgrip strength. Sarcopenia was diagnosed with both handgrip strength <16 kg and aLM <15 kg. Osteoporosis was identified with femoral bone mineral density lower than 2.5 standard deviations below the mean of the young reference population. RESULTS We studied 262 of 290 women. Osteoporosis was found in 189 of the 262 women (72%; 95% CI: 67-78%) whereas sarcopenia in 147 (56%; 95% CI: 50-62%). After adjustment for age, time interval between fracture and DXA scan and body fat percentage the odds ratio to have osteoporosis for a sarcopenic woman was 2.30 (95% CI: 1.27-4.14; P=0.006). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that the best cut-off points to discriminate osteoporosis were 20 kg for handgrip strength and 12.5 kg for aLM. Adopting the optimized thresholds to define sarcopenia, the adjusted odds ratio to have osteoporosis for a sarcopenic woman was 3.68 (95% CI: 1.93-7.03; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study shows a positive association between sarcopenia defined according to the EWGSOP2 criteria and osteoporosis in 262 women with hip fracture. The association may be bettered by refining the cut-off points for low aLM and handgrip strength. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT Sarcopenia seems to be a risk factor for osteoporosis in hip-fracture women. The issue, and the potential role of optimized thresholds should be addressed by robust longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco DI Monaco
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Division of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Presidio Sanitario San Camillo, Opera San Camillo Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlotta Castiglioni
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Division of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Presidio Sanitario San Camillo, Opera San Camillo Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bardesono
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Division of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Presidio Sanitario San Camillo, Opera San Camillo Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - Margherita Freiburger
- Division of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Edoardo Milano
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Division of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Presidio Sanitario San Camillo, Opera San Camillo Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Massazza
- Division of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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KYMASIN UP Natural Product Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Improves Osteoblast Activity by Modulating Src and p38 MAPK. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153053. [PMID: 35893905 PMCID: PMC9370798 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance in osteoblast (OB)-dependent bone formation in favor of osteoclast (OC)-dependent bone resorption is the main cause of loss of tissue mineral mass during bone remodeling leading to osteoporosis conditions. Thus, the suppression of OC activity together with the improvement in the OB activity has been proposed as an effective therapy for maintaining bone mass during aging. We tested the new dietary product, KYMASIN UP containing standardized Withania somnifera, Silybum marianum and Trigonella foenum-graecum herbal extracts or the single extracts in in vitro models mimicking osteoclastogenesis (i.e., RAW 264.7 cells treated with RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand) and OB differentiation (i.e., C2C12 myoblasts treated with BMP2, bone morphogenetic protein 2). We found that the dietary product reduces RANKL-dependent TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase)-positive cells (i.e., OCs) formation and TRAP activity, and down-regulates osteoclastogenic markers by reducing Src (non-receptor tyrosine kinase) and p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) activation. Withania somnifera appears as the main extract responsible for the anti-osteoclastogenic effect of the product. Moreover, KYMASIN UP maintains a physiological release of the soluble decoy receptor for RANKL, OPG (osteoprotegerin), in osteoporotic conditions and increases calcium mineralization in C2C12-derived OBs. Interestingly, KYMASIN UP induces differentiation in human primary OB-like cells derived from osteoporotic subjects. Based on our results, KYMASIN UP or Withania somnifera-based dietary supplements might be suggested to reverse the age-related functional decline of bone tissue by re-balancing the activity of OBs and OCs, thus improving the quality of life in the elderly and reducing social and health-care costs.
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Wawrzyniak N, Gramza-Michałowska A, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Sassek M, Suliburska J. Effects of Calcium Lactate-Enriched Pumpkin on Calcium Status in Ovariectomized Rats. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142084. [PMID: 35885327 PMCID: PMC9325293 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of enriched pumpkin on calcium status in ovariectomized rats. The study was conducted in sixty female Wistar rats, which were divided into six groups: a group fed a standard diet (C) and five ovariectomized groups fed a standard diet (OVX_C) or a diet with calcium lactate (CaL), with calcium lactate-enriched pumpkin (P_CaL), with calcium lactate and alendronate (CaL_B), or with calcium lactate-enriched pumpkin with alendronate (P_CaL_B). After 12 weeks of the intervention, the rats were sacrificed, and their blood and tissues were collected. The calcium concentrations in serum and in tissues were measured using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Serum concentrations of procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide (PINP), parathyroid hormone PTH, estrogen (ES), and osteocalcin (OC) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It was found that enriched pumpkin increased the calcium level in the kidneys (194.13 ± 41.01 mg) compared to the C (87.88 ± 12.42 mg) and OVX_C (79.29 ± 7.66 mg) groups. The addition of alendronate increased the calcium level in the femurs (267.63 ± 23.63 mg) and more than six times in the kidneys (541.33 ± 62.91 mg) compared to the OVX_C group (234.53 ± 21.67 mg and 87.88 ± 12.42 mg, respectively). We found that the CaL, P_CaL, and CaL_B groups had significantly lower PINP serum concentrations (4.45 ± 0.82 ng/mL, 4.14 ± 0.69 ng/mL, and 3.77 ± 0.33 ng/mL) and higher PTH serum levels (3.39 ± 0.54 ng/dL, 3.38 ± 0.57 ng/dL, and 3.47 ± 0.28 ng/dL) than the OVX_C group (4.69 ± 0.82 ng/mL and 2.59 ± 0.45 ng/dL, respectively). In conclusion, pumpkin enriched with calcium lactate affects calcium status and normalizes PINP and PTH serum levels in ovariectomized rats. Diet with enriched pumpkin and alendronate increase calcium concentration in the femur. Enriched pumpkin causes calcium to accumulate in the kidneys of ovariectomized rats; alendronate significantly exacerbates this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food and Nutrition Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Sciences and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food and Nutrition Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.)
| | - Maciej Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.)
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food and Nutrition Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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50
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Yusufaly TI, Zou J, Nelson TJ, Williamson CW, Simon A, Singhal M, Liu H, Wong H, Saenz CC, Mayadev J, McHale MT, Yashar CM, Eskander R, Sharabi A, Hoh CK, Obrzut S, Mell LK. Improved Prognosis of Treatment Failure in Cervical Cancer with Nontumor PET/CT Radiomics. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1087-1093. [PMID: 34711618 PMCID: PMC9258568 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiomics has been applied to predict recurrence in several disease sites, but current approaches are typically restricted to analyzing tumor features, neglecting nontumor information in the rest of the body. The purpose of this work was to develop and validate a model incorporating nontumor radiomics, including whole-body features, to predict treatment outcomes in patients with previously untreated locoregionally advanced cervical cancer. Methods: We analyzed 127 cervical cancer patients treated definitively with chemoradiotherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy. All patients underwent pretreatment whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT. To quantify effects due to the tumor itself, the gross tumor volume (GTV) was directly contoured on the PET/CT image. Meanwhile, to quantify effects arising from the rest of the body, the planning target volume (PTV) was deformably registered from each planning CT to the PET/CT scan, and a semiautomated approach combining seed-growing and manual contour review generated whole-body muscle, bone, and fat segmentations on each PET/CT image. A total of 965 radiomic features were extracted for GTV, PTV, muscle, bone, and fat. Ninety-five patients were used to train a Cox model of disease recurrence including both radiomic and clinical features (age, stage, tumor grade, histology, and baseline complete blood cell counts), using bagging and split-sample-validation for feature reduction and model selection. To further avoid overfitting, the resulting models were tested for generalization on the remaining 32 patients, by calculating a risk score based on Cox regression and evaluating the c-index (c-index > 0.5 indicates predictive power). Results: Optimal performance was seen in a Cox model including 1 clinical biomarker (whether or not a tumor was stage III-IVA), 2 GTV radiomic biomarkers (PET gray-level size-zone matrix small area low gray level emphasis and zone entropy), 1 PTV radiomic biomarker (major axis length), and 1 whole-body radiomic biomarker (CT bone root mean square). In particular, stratification into high- and low-risk groups, based on the linear risk score from this Cox model, resulted in a hazard ratio of 0.019 (95% CI, 0.004, 0.082), an improvement over stratification based on clinical stage alone, which had a hazard ratio of 0.36 (95% CI, 0.16, 0.83). Conclusion: Incorporating nontumor radiomic biomarkers can improve the performance of prognostic models compared with using only clinical and tumor radiomic biomarkers. Future work should look to further test these models in larger, multiinstitutional cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir I. Yusufaly
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jingjing Zou
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health and Department of Mathematics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tyler J. Nelson
- Center for Precision Radiation Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Casey W. Williamson
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aaron Simon
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Hannah Liu
- Center for Precision Radiation Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Hank Wong
- Center for Precision Radiation Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Cheryl C. Saenz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Jyoti Mayadev
- Center for Precision Radiation Medicine, La Jolla, California;,Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Michael T. McHale
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Catheryn M. Yashar
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ramez Eskander
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Andrew Sharabi
- Center for Precision Radiation Medicine, La Jolla, California;,Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Carl K. Hoh
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sebastian Obrzut
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Loren K. Mell
- Center for Precision Radiation Medicine, La Jolla, California;,Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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