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Zhang L, Wang Y, Wang D. Paeoniflorin increases the survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected Caenorhabditis elegans at the immunosuppression stage by activating PMK-1, BAR-1, and EGL-1 signals. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:616-628. [PMID: 37535304 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin is the major active compound of total glycoside of paeony in Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Although several aspects of beneficial effects of paeoniflorin have been described, whether the paeoniflorin treatment is helpful for inhibiting the pathogen infection-induced immunosuppression remains largely unclear. Using the immunosuppression model in Caenorhabditis elegans induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, we here examined the beneficial effect of paeoniflorin treatment against the immunosuppression induced by bacterial pathogen infection. In this immunosuppression model, we observed that the survival rate of P. aeruginosa infected nematodes at the immunosuppression stage could be significantly increased by 25-100 mg/L paeoniflorin treatment. P. aeruginosa accumulation in intestinal lumen of nematodes at the immunosuppression stage was reduced by paeoniflorin treatment. Paeoniflorin could activate the expressions of antimicrobial genes (lys-1 and lys-8) in nematodes at the immunosuppression stage. Moreover, at the immunosuppression stage, paeoniflorin treatment increased the expressions of bar-1, pmk-1, and egl-1 required for the control of innate immunity against bacterial infection. Meanwhile, RNAi of bar-1, pmk-1, and egl-1 inhibited the beneficial effect of paeoniflorin treatment in increasing the survival, reducing the P. aeruginosa accumulation in intestinal lumen, and activating the expressions of antimicrobial genes (lys-1 and lys-8) in nematodes at the immunosuppression stage. Therefore, paeoniflorin treatment could effectively inhibit the immunosuppression induced by bacterial pathogen infection in the hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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2
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Neverov AM, Panchin AY, Mikhailov KV, Batueva MD, Aleoshin VV, Panchin YV. Apoptotic gene loss in Cnidaria is associated with transition to parasitism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8015. [PMID: 37198195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The phylum Cnidaria consists of several morphologically diverse classes including Anthozoa, Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, Polypodiozoa, Scyphozoa, Staurozoa, and Myxozoa. Myxozoa comprises two subclasses of obligate parasites-Myxosporea and Malacosporea, which demonstrate various degrees of simplification. Myxosporea were previously reported to lack the majority of core protein domains of apoptotic proteins including caspases, Bcl-2, and APAF-1 homologs. Other sequenced Cnidaria, including the parasite Polypodium hydriforme from Polypodiozoa do not share this genetic feature. Whether this loss of core apoptotic proteins is unique to Myxosporea or also present in its sister subclass Malacosporea was not previously investigated. We show that the presence of core apoptotic proteins gradually diminishes from free-living Cnidaria to Polypodium to Malacosporea to Myxosporea. This observation does not favor the hypothesis of catastrophic simplification of Myxosporea at the genetic level, but rather supports a stepwise adaptation to parasitism that likely started from early parasitic ancestors that gave rise to Myxozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Neverov
- Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119234.
| | - Alexander Y Panchin
- Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, 127994
| | - Kirill V Mikhailov
- Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, 127994
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-40, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
| | - Marina D Batueva
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation, 670047
| | - Vladimir V Aleoshin
- Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, 127994
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-40, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
| | - Yuri V Panchin
- Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, 127994
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-40, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
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3
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Wang Y, Zhang L, Yuan X, Wang D. Treatment with paeoniflorin increases lifespan of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected Caenorhabditis elegans by inhibiting bacterial accumulation in intestinal lumen and biofilm formation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1114219. [PMID: 37050896 PMCID: PMC10083309 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1114219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin is one of the important components in Paeoniaceae plants. In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans as a model host and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a bacterial pathogen to investigate the possible role of paeoniflorin treatment against P. aeruginosa infection in the host and the underlying mechanisms. Posttreatment with 1.25–10 mg/L paeoniflorin could significantly increase the lifespan of P. aeruginosa infected nematodes. After the infection, the P. aeruginosa colony-forming unit (CFU) and P. aeruginosa accumulation in intestinal lumen were also obviously reduced by 1.25–10 mg/L paeoniflorin treatment. The beneficial effects of paeoniflorin treatment in increasing lifespan in P. aeruginosa infected nematodes and in reducing P. aeruginosa accumulation in intestinal lumen could be inhibited by RNAi of pmk-1, egl-1, and bar-1. In addition, paeoniflorin treatment suppressed the inhibition in expressions of pmk-1, egl-1, and bar-1 caused by P. aeruginosa infection in nematodes, suggesting that paeoniflorin could increase lifespan of P. aeruginosa infected nematode by activating PMK-1, EGL-1, and BAR-1. Moreover, although treatment with 1.25–10 mg/L paeoniflorin did not show obvious anti-P. aeruginosa activity, the P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and expressions of related virulence genes (pelA, pelB, phzA, lasB, lasR, rhlA, and rhlC) were significantly inhibited by paeoniflorin treatment. Treatment with 1.25–10 mg/L paeoniflorin could further decrease the levels of related virulence factors of pyocyanin, elastase, and rhamnolipid. In addition, 2.5–10 mg/L paeoniflorin treatment could inhibit the swimming, swarming, and twitching motility of P. aeruginosa, and treatment with 2.5–10 mg/L paeoniflorin reduced the cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) level. Therefore, paeoniflorin treatment has the potential to extend lifespan of P. aeruginosa infected hosts by reducing bacterial accumulation in intestinal lumen and inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation.
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4
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Fu RH, Tsai CW, Liu SP, Chiu SC, Chen YC, Chiang YT, Kuo YH, Shyu WC, Lin SZ. Neuroprotective Capability of Narcissoside in 6-OHDA-Exposed Parkinson's Disease Models through Enhancing the MiR200a/Nrf-2/GSH Axis and Mediating MAPK/Akt Associated Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2089. [PMID: 36358461 PMCID: PMC9686521 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the antioxidant potential of narcissoside from Sambucus nigra flowers (elderflowers) in Parkinson's disease models in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that narcissoside lessened the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. In the 6-OHDA-exposed Caenorhabditis elegans model, narcissoside reduced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and ROS generation, and also improved dopamine-related food-sensitive behavior and shortened lifespan. Moreover, NCS increased total glutathione (GSH) by increasing the expression of the catalytic subunit and modifier subunit of γ-glutamylcysteine ligase in cells and nematodes. Treatment with a GSH inhibitor partially abolished the anti-apoptotic ability of narcissoside. Furthermore, narcissoside diminished the 6-OHDA-induced phosphorylation of JNK and p38, while rising activities of ERK and Akt in resisting apoptosis. The antioxidant response element (ARE)-luciferase reporter activity analysis and electromobility gel shift assay showed that narcissoside promotes the transcriptional activity mediated by Nrf2. Finally, we found that narcissoside augmented the expression of miR200a, a translational inhibitor of the Nrf2 repressor protein Keap1. Downregulation of Nrf2 and miR200a by RNAi and anti-miR200a, respectively, reversed the neuroprotective ability of narcissoside. In summary, narcissoside can enhance the miR200a/Nrf2/GSH antioxidant pathway, alleviate 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, and has the neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chih Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hua Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
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Zhang L, Wang Y, Cao C, Zhu Y, Huang W, Yang Y, Qiu H, Liu S, Wang D. Beneficial effect of Xuebijing against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:949608. [PMID: 36120363 PMCID: PMC9470999 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.949608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the clinical intensive care units (ICU), the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation of Xuebijing has been frequently used for treating sepsis. Nevertheless, the underlying pharmacological mechanisms of Xuebijing remain largely unclear. Caenorhabditis elegans is an important experimental host for bacterial infections. Using C. elegans as an animal model, we here examined the potential of Xuebijing treatment against bacterial infection and the underlying mechanisms. Xuebijing treatment could inhibit the reduction tendency of lifespan caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. For the cellular mechanisms of this antibacterial infection property, we found that Xuebijing treatment rescued C. elegans lifespan to be against P. aeruginosa infection by inhibiting Pseudomonas colonization in the intestinal lumen. Meanwhile, the increase in the expression of antimicrobial genes induced by Pseudomonas infection was also suppressed by Xuebijing treatment. Moreover, the beneficial effect of Xuebijing against Pseudomonas infection depended on insulin, p38 MAPK, Wnt, DBL-1/TGF-β, ELT-2, and programmed cell death (PCD)-related signals. Although Xuebijing did not show obvious antibacterial activity, Xuebijing (100%) treatment could inhibit the Pseudomonas biofilm formation and decrease the expression of virulence genes (lasA, lasB, rhlA, rhlC, phzA, phzM, phzH, and phzS) and quorum sensing (QS)-related genes (lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA, and pqsR). Our results support the potential role of Xuebijing treatment against bacterial infection in hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang Cao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yike Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibo Qiu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Songqiao Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Songqiao Liu, ; Dayong Wang,
| | - Dayong Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Songqiao Liu, ; Dayong Wang,
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Abaza A, Vasavada AM, Sadhu A, Valencia C, Fatima H, Nwankwo I, Anam M, Maharjan S, Amjad Z, Khan S. A Systematic Review of Apoptosis in Correlation With Cancer: Should Apoptosis Be the Ultimate Target for Cancer Treatment? Cureus 2022; 14:e28496. [PMID: 36185861 PMCID: PMC9514374 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting apoptosis in cancer therapy has become increasingly popular, and there has been an increasing debate on whether apoptosis should be one of the main targets of therapy in cancer management. This study demonstrates the definition of apoptosis, the signaling pathways, and the pathogenesis behind it. We also show the correlation between apoptosis and cancer and how cancer can evade apoptosis to develop resistance to therapy. In addition, we illustrate the efficacy of adding pro-apoptotic therapy to conventional radio-chemotherapy cancer treatment. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), and ResearchGate, including papers written in English, focusing on adult and geriatric populations, in literature reviews, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials published in the last 25 years with relevance to the question. Based on the findings of this review, we conclude that apoptosis is a very sophisticated programmed cellular death with many signaling pathways. Its evasion should be considered one of the hallmarks of cancer and is responsible for multiple drug resistance (MDR) to cancer therapy. Targeting apoptosis seems promising, especially if combined with radio-chemotherapy.
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7
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Calahorro F, Holden-Dye L, O'Connor V. Impact of drug solvents on C. elegans pharyngeal pumping. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1240-1247. [PMID: 34195015 PMCID: PMC8233170 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans provides a multi-cellular model organism for toxicology and drug discovery. These studies usually require solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol or acetone as a vehicle. This raises the need to carefully consider whether the chemical vehicles used in these screens are anodyne towards C. elegans. Here, we use pharyngeal pumping as a bioassay to assess this. Pharyngeal pumping is a visually scoreable behaviour that is controlled by environmental cues activating sensory and integrative neural signalling to coordinate pharyngeal activity. As such it serves as a rich bioassay to screen for chemical modulation. We found that while pumping was insensitive to high concentrations of the widely used drug solvents ethanol and acetone, it was perturbed by concentrations of DMSO above 0.5 % v/v encompassing concentrations used as drug vehicle. This was manifested as an inhibition of pharyngeal pump rate followed by a slow recovery in the continued presence of the solvent. The inhibition was not observed in a neuroligin mutant, nlg-1, consistent with DMSO acting at the level of sensory processing that modulates pumping. We found that bus-17 mutants, which have enhanced cuticle penetration to drugs are more sensitive to DMSO. The effect of DMSO is accompanied by a progressive morphological disruption in which internal membrane-like structures of varying size accumulate. These internal structures are seen in all three genotypes investigated in this study and likely arise independent of the effects on pharyngeal pumping. Overall, these results highlight sensory signalling and strain dependent vehicle sensitivity. Although we define concentrations at which this can be mitigated, it highlights the need to consider time-dependent vehicle effects when evaluating control responses in C. elegans chemical biology.
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Galasso C, Celentano S, Costantini M, D’Aniello S, Ianora A, Sansone C, Romano G. Diatom-Derived Polyunsaturated Aldehydes Activate Similar Cell Death Genes in Two Different Systems: Sea Urchin Embryos and Human Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155201. [PMID: 32708040 PMCID: PMC7439121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death, such as apoptosis and autophagy, are key processes that are activated early on during development, leading to remodelling in embryos and homeostasis in adult organisms. Genomic conservation of death factors has been largely investigated in the animal and plant kingdoms. In this study, we analysed, for the first time, the expression profile of 11 genes involved in apoptosis (extrinsic and intrinsic pathways) and autophagy in sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus embryos exposed to antiproliferative polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), and we compared these results with those obtained on the human cell line A549 treated with the same molecules. We found that sea urchins and human cells activated, at the gene level, a similar cell death response to these compounds. Despite the evolutionary distance between sea urchins and humans, we observed that the activation of apoptotic and autophagic genes in response to cytotoxic compounds is a conserved process. These results give first insight on death mechanisms of P. lividus death mechanisms, also providing additional information for the use of this marine organism as a useful in vitro model for the study of cell death signalling pathways activated in response to chemical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Galasso
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (A.I.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (C.S.); Tel.: +(39)-0815833261 (C.G.); +(39)-0815833262 (C.S.)
| | - Susanna Celentano
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (A.I.); (G.R.)
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (A.I.); (G.R.)
| | - Salvatore D’Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (A.I.); (G.R.)
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (A.I.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (C.S.); Tel.: +(39)-0815833261 (C.G.); +(39)-0815833262 (C.S.)
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (A.I.); (G.R.)
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Volkova NV, Meier B, González-Huici V, Bertolini S, Gonzalez S, Vöhringer H, Abascal F, Martincorena I, Campbell PJ, Gartner A, Gerstung M. Mutational signatures are jointly shaped by DNA damage and repair. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2169. [PMID: 32358516 PMCID: PMC7195458 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells possess an armamentarium of DNA repair pathways to counter DNA damage and prevent mutation. Here we use C. elegans whole genome sequencing to systematically quantify the contributions of these factors to mutational signatures. We analyse 2,717 genomes from wild-type and 53 DNA repair defective backgrounds, exposed to 11 genotoxins, including UV-B and ionizing radiation, alkylating compounds, aristolochic acid, aflatoxin B1, and cisplatin. Combined genotoxic exposure and DNA repair deficiency alters mutation rates or signatures in 41% of experiments, revealing how different DNA alterations induced by the same genotoxin are mended by separate repair pathways. Error-prone translesion synthesis causes the majority of genotoxin-induced base substitutions, but averts larger deletions. Nucleotide excision repair prevents up to 99% of point mutations, almost uniformly across the mutation spectrum. Our data show that mutational signatures are joint products of DNA damage and repair and suggest that multiple factors underlie signatures observed in cancer genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda V Volkova
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, CB10, 1SD, UK
| | - Bettina Meier
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland
| | - Víctor González-Huici
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Parc Científic de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Simone Bertolini
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland
| | - Santiago Gonzalez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, CB10, 1SD, UK
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Parc Científic de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Harald Vöhringer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, CB10, 1SD, UK
| | - Federico Abascal
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Iñigo Martincorena
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Peter J Campbell
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Anton Gartner
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland.
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moritz Gerstung
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, CB10, 1SD, UK.
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany.
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10
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Kaku H, Rothstein TL. FAIM Is a Non-redundant Defender of Cellular Viability in the Face of Heat and Oxidative Stress and Interferes With Accumulation of Stress-Induced Protein Aggregates. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:32. [PMID: 32175331 PMCID: PMC7056718 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A key element of cellular homeostasis lies in the way in which misfolded and dysfunctional proteins are handled. Cellular pathways that include proteasomal destruction and autophagic disposal are components of normal proteostasis. Here we report a novel molecule that plays a non-redundant role in maintaining homeostasis, Fas Apoptosis Inhibitory Molecule (FAIM). FAIM is highly conserved throughout evolution and bears no homology to any other protein. We found that FAIM counteracts heat and oxidative stress-induced loss of cell viability. FAIM is recruited to ubiquitinated proteins induced by cellular stress and the levels of stress-induced protein aggregates are much greater in FAIM-deficient cell lines. Primary fibroblasts from FAIM-deficient mice showed the same proteostasis deficits as cell lines. Administration of a mediator of oxidative stress to FAIM-deficient animals induced more ubiquitinated protein aggregates and more organ damage as compared to wild type mice. These results identify a completely new actor that protects cells against stress-induced loss of viability by preventing protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kaku
- Center for Immunobiology, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Thomas L Rothstein
- Center for Immunobiology, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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11
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Koopman M, Seinstra RI, Nollen EAA. C. elegans as a Model for Synucleinopathies and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases: Tools and Techniques. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1948:93-112. [PMID: 30771173 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9124-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is widely used to investigate biological processes related to health and disease. Multiple C. elegans models for human neurodegenerative diseases do exist, including those expressing human α-synuclein. Even though these models do not feature all pathological and molecular hallmarks of the disease they mimic, they allow for the identification and dissection of molecular pathways that are involved. In line with this, genetic screens have yielded multiple modifiers of proteotoxicity in C. elegans models for neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we describe a set of common screening approaches and tools that can be used to study synucleinopathies and other neurodegenerative diseases in C. elegans. RNA interference and mutagenesis screens can be used to find genes that affect proteotoxicity, while relatively simple molecular, cellular (fractionation studies), metabolic (respiration studies), and behavioral (thrashing and crawling) readouts can be used to study the effects of disease proteins and modifiers more closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Koopman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Renée I Seinstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen A A Nollen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Tixeira R, Poon IKH. Disassembly of dying cells in diverse organisms. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:245-257. [PMID: 30317529 PMCID: PMC11105331 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a conserved phenomenon in multicellular organisms required to maintain homeostasis. Among the regulated cell death pathways, apoptosis is a well-described form of PCD in mammalian cells. One of the characteristic features of apoptosis is the change in cellular morphology, often leading to the fragmentation of the cell into smaller membrane-bound vesicles through a process called apoptotic cell disassembly. Interestingly, some of these morphological changes and cell disassembly are also noted in cells of other organisms including plants, fungi and protists while undergoing 'apoptosis-like PCD'. This review will describe morphologic features leading to apoptotic cell disassembly, as well as its regulation and function in mammalian cells. The occurrence of cell disassembly during cell death in other organisms namely zebrafish, fly and worm, as well as in other eukaryotic cells will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Tixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| | - Ivan K H Poon
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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Gonzalez-Moragas L, Maurer LL, Harms VM, Meyer JN, Laromaine A, Roig A. Materials and toxicological approaches to study metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2017; 4:719-746. [PMID: 29057078 PMCID: PMC5648024 DOI: 10.1039/c7mh00166e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the in vivo fate and transport of nanoparticles (NPs) is challenging, but critical. We review recent studies of metal and metal oxide NPs using the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, summarizing major findings to date. In a joint transdisciplinary effort, we highlight underutilized opportunities offered by powerful techniques lying at the intersection of mechanistic toxicology and materials science,. To this end, we firstly summarize the influence of exposure conditions (media, duration, C. elegans lifestage) and NP physicochemical properties (size, coating, composition) on the response of C. elegans to NP treatment. Next, we focus on the techniques employed to study NP entrance route, uptake, biodistribution and fate, emphasizing the potential of extending the toolkit available with novel and powerful techniques. Next, we review findings on several NP-induced biological responses, namely transport routes and altered molecular pathways, and illustrate the molecular biology and genetic strategies applied, critically reviewing their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, we advocate the incorporation of a set of minimal materials and toxicological science experiments that will permit meta-analysis and synthesis of multiple studies in the future. We believe this review will facilitate coordinated integration of both well-established and underutilized approaches in mechanistic toxicology and materials science by the nanomaterials research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gonzalez-Moragas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC. Campus UAB. 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura L Maurer
- ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Annandale, NJ 08801-3059, United States
| | - Victoria M Harms
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0328, United States
| | - Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0328, United States
| | - Anna Laromaine
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC. Campus UAB. 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Roig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC. Campus UAB. 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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The Annona muricata leaf ethanol extract affects mobility and reproduction in mutant strain NB327 Caenorhabditis elegans. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 10:282-286. [PMID: 28955756 PMCID: PMC5614673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The C. elegans NB327 mutant strain is characterized for the knockdown of the dic-1 gene. The dic-1 gene is homologous to the dice-1 gene in humans, encoding the protein DICE-1 as a tumor suppressor. Absence or under-regulation of the dice-1 gene can be reflected in lung and prostate cancer [17], [18]. This study evaluated the effect of EEAML on the C. elegans NB327 mutant strain. Phenotypic aspects such as morphology, body length, locomotion, and reproductive behaviour were analyzed. It is important to emphasize that the strain presents a phenotype characteristic with respect to egg laying and hatching. Reported studies showed that Annona muricata extract and its active components evidence anti-cancer and anti-tumor effects, through experimentation in vivo and in vitro models. However, neurotoxicity has been reported as a side effect. The results showed that the mutant strain NB327 was exposed to EEAML (5 mg/ml) concentration, it showed a significant decrease in average locomotion, resulting in 13 undulations in 30 s. This contrasts with the control strain's 17.5 undulations in 30 s. Similarly, the number of progenies was reduced from 188 progenies (control strain) to 114 and 92 progenies at the dose of (1 mg/ml and 5 mg/m) EEAML. The results of this study suggest that EEAML has a possible neurotoxic effect in concentrations equal to or greater than 5 mg/ml. Also, it does not have positive effects on the mutant strain of Caenorhabditis elegans NB327 phenotype.
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Chen YM, Liu SP, Lin HL, Chan MC, Chen YC, Huang YL, Tsai MC, Fu RH. Irisflorentin improves α-synuclein accumulation and attenuates 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration, implication for Parkinson's disease therapy. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2015; 5:4. [PMID: 25705584 PMCID: PMC4326644 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-015-0004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that is characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta as well as motor impairment. Aggregation of α-synuclein in neuronal cells plays a key role in this disease. At present, therapeutics for PD provides moderate symptomatic benefits, but it is not able to delay the development of the disease. Current efforts toward the treatment of PD are to identify new drugs that slow or arrest the progressive course of PD by interfering with a disease-specific pathogenetic process in PD patients. Irisflorentin derived from the roots of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. is an herb which has been used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders in traditional Chinese medicine. The purpose of the present study was to assess the potential for irisflorentin to ameliorate PD in Caenorhabditis elegans models. Our data reveal that irisflorentin prevents α-synuclein accumulation in the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model and also improves dopaminergic neuron degeneration, food-sensing behavior, and life-span in a 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Caenorhabditis elegans model, thus indicating its potential as a anti-parkinsonian drug candidate. Irisflorentin may exert its effects by promoting rpn-3 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes and down-regulating egl-1 expression to block apoptosis pathways. These findings encourage further investigation on irisflorentin as a possible potent agent for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Mi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan ; Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, 404 No. 91, Hsueh-shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lien Lin
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chia Chan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Huang
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan ; Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, 404 No. 91, Hsueh-shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Apidianakis Y, Ferrandon D. Modeling hologenome imbalances in inflammation and cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 4:134. [PMID: 25309882 PMCID: PMC4174041 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Ferrandon
- UPR9022 CNRS, University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study Strasbourg, France
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