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Ascione R, Bruno VD, Johnson T, Sammut E, Bond A, Lopez-Baz D, Deutsch J, Bailey M, Chiribiri A, Patel A, Baker A, Modarai B. Intramyocardial immunomodulation with human CD16 + monocytes to treat myocardial infarction in pig: a blind randomized preclinical trial. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1427023. [PMID: 39171324 PMCID: PMC11335517 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1427023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Human CD16+ monocytes (hCD16+ Ms) have proangiogenic properties. We assessed the feasibility, safety and efficacy of hCD16+ Ms in a porcine model of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and results A total of 27 female Large White pigs underwent MI with reperfusion and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Five days later, animals received intramyocardial injections of hCD16+ Ms in saline (n = 13) or saline only (n = 14). hCD16+ Ms were selected from leucocyte cones. Feasibility/safety endpoints included injury at injected sites, malignant arrhythmias, cancer, haematoma, left ventricular (LV) dilatation, troponin release and downstream organ injury. Co-primary efficacy outcome included LV scar and ejection fraction (LVEF) at 30-day post-injections by CMR. Immunohistochemistry included neo-angiogenesis, fibrosis, markers of myofibroblast and inflammation. Four animals were excluded before injections due to untreatable malignant arrhythmias or lung injury. Median cell number and viability were 48.75 million and 87%, respectively. No feasibility/safety concerns were associated with the use of hCD16+ Ms. The LV scar dropped by 14.5gr (from 25.45 ± 8.24 to 10.8 ± 3.4 gr; -55%) and 6.4gr (from 18.83 ± 5.06 to 12.4 ± 3.9gr; -30%) in the hCD16+ Ms and control groups, respectively (p = 0.015). The 30-day LVEF did not differ between groups, but a prespecified sub-analysis within the hCD16+ Ms group showed that LVEF was 2.8% higher and LV scar 1.9gr lower in the subgroup receiving a higher cell dose. Higher tissue levels of neo-angiogenesis, myofibroblast and IL-6 and lower levels of TGF-β were observed in the hCD16+ Ms group. Conclusions The use of hCD16+ Ms in acute MI is feasible, safe and associated with reduced LV scar size, increased tissue levels of neo-angiogenesis, myofibroblasts and IL-6 and reduced pro-fibrotic TGF-β at 30-day post-injections. A higher cell dose might increase the LVEF effect while reducing scar size, but this warrants validation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimondo Ascione
- Faculty of Health Science, Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Vito D. Bruno
- Faculty of Health Science, Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Johnson
- Faculty of Health Science, Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Sammut
- Faculty of Health Science, Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Bond
- Faculty of Health Science, Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Lopez-Baz
- Faculty of Health Science, Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Deutsch
- Faculty of Health Science, Langford Vets and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Mick Bailey
- Faculty of Health Science, Langford Vets and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Amedeo Chiribiri
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashish Patel
- Vascular Surgery, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bijan Modarai
- Vascular Surgery, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Hou G, Alissa M, Alsuwat MA, Ali Alarjany HM, Alzahrani KJ, Althobaiti FM, Mujalli HM, Alotaiby MM, Al-Doaiss AA, Anthony S. The art of healing hearts: Mastering advanced RNA therapeutic techniques to shape the evolution of cardiovascular medicine in biomedical science. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102627. [PMID: 38723793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide and are associated with increasing financial health burden that requires research into novel therapeutic approaches. Since the early 2000s, the availability of next-generation sequencing techniques such as microRNAs, circular RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs have been proven as potential therapeutic targets for treating various CVDs. Therapeutics based on RNAs have become a viable option for addressing the intricate molecular pathways that underlie the pathophysiology of CVDs. We provide an in-depth analysis of the state of RNA therapies in the context of CVDs, emphasizing various approaches that target the various stages of the basic dogma of molecular biology to effect temporary or long-term changes. In this review, we summarize recent methodologies used to screen for novel coding and non-coding RNA candidates with diagnostic and treatment possibilities in cardiovascular diseases. These methods include single-cell sequencing techniques, functional RNA screening, and next-generation sequencing.Lastly, we highlighted the potential of using oligonucleotide-based chemical products such as modified RNA and RNA mimics/inhibitors for the treatment of CVDs. Moreover, there will be an increasing number of potential RNA diagnostic and therapeutic for CVDs that will progress to expand for years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Shandong 277599, China
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Meshari A Alsuwat
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khalid J Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Althobaiti
- Department of Nursing Leadership and Education, Nursing College, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Monearah M Alotaiby
- Department of Laboratory, King Faisal Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Taif 26514, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amin A Al-Doaiss
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefan Anthony
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University Liaoning Provence China, China.
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Abdul-Rahman T, Lizano-Jubert I, Bliss ZSB, Garg N, Meale E, Roy P, Crino SA, Deepak BL, Miteu GD, Wireko AA, Qadeer A, Condurat A, Tanasa AD, Pyrpyris N, Sikora K, Horbas V, Sood A, Gupta R, Lavie CJ. RNA in cardiovascular disease: A new frontier of personalized medicine. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 85:93-102. [PMID: 38253161 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Personalized medicine has witnessed remarkable progress with the emergence of RNA therapy, offering new possibilities for the treatment of various diseases, and in particular in the context of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ability to target the human genome through RNA manipulation offers great potential not only in the treatment of cardiac pathologies but also in their diagnosis and prevention, notably in cases of hyperlipidemia and myocardial infarctions. While only a few RNA-based treatments have entered clinical trials or obtained approval from the US Food and Drug Administration, the growing body of research on this subject is promising. However, the development of RNA therapies faces several challenges that must be overcome. These include the efficient delivery of drugs into cells, the potential for immunogenic responses, and safety. Resolving these obstacles is crucial to advance the development of RNA therapies. This review explores the newest developments in medical studies, treatment plans, and results related to RNA therapies for heart disease. Furthermore, it discusses the exciting possibilities and difficulties in this innovative area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Neil Garg
- Rowan-Virtua School of osteopathic medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Emily Meale
- Rowan-Virtua School of osteopathic medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Poulami Roy
- Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India
| | | | | | - Goshen David Miteu
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | | | - Abdul Qadeer
- Hospital Internal Medicine Department, Scottsdale Campus, Mayo Clinic, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Nikolaos Pyrpyris
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Aayushi Sood
- Department of Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Rahul Gupta
- Lehigh Valley Heart and Vascular Institute, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA, United States; The University of Queensland Medical School, Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, LA, United States
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4
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Dong Y, Kang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Liu Y, Shuai X, Li J, Yin L, Wang X, Ma Y, Fan H, Jiang F, Lin Z, Ding C, Yun Jin K, Sarapultsev A, Li F, Zhang G, Xie T, Yin C, Cheng X, Luo S, Liu Y, Hu D. Single-cell profile reveals the landscape of cardiac immunity and identifies a cardio-protective Ym-1 hi neutrophil in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:949-967. [PMID: 38395651 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a major hindrance to the success of cardiac reperfusion therapy. Although increased neutrophil infiltration is a hallmark of MIRI, the subtypes and alterations of neutrophils in this process remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell sequencing of cardiac CD45+ cells isolated from the murine myocardium subjected to MIRI at six-time points. We identified diverse types of infiltrating immune cells and their dynamic changes during MIRI. Cardiac neutrophils showed the most immediate response and largest changes and featured with functionally heterogeneous subpopulations, including Ccl3hi Neu and Ym-1hi Neu, which were increased at 6 h and 1 d after reperfusion, respectively. Ym-1hi Neu selectively expressed genes with protective effects and was, therefore, identified as a novel specific type of cardiac cell in the injured heart. Further analysis indicated that neutrophils and their subtypes orchestrated subsequent immune responses in the cardiac tissues, especially instructing the response of macrophages. The abundance of Ym-1hi Neu was closely correlated with the therapeutic efficacy of MIRI when neutrophils were specifically targeted by anti-Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G6D (Ly6G) or anti-Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) neutralizing antibodies. In addition, a neutrophil subtype with the same phenotype as Ym-1hi Neu was detected in clinical samples and correlated with prognosis. Ym-1 inhibition exacerbated myocardial injury, whereas Ym-1 supplementation significantly ameliorated injury in MIRI mice, which was attributed to the tilt of Ym-1 on the polarization of macrophages toward the repair phenotype in myocardial tissue. Overall, our findings reveal the anti-inflammatory phenotype of Ym-1hi Neu and highlight its critical role in myocardial protection during the early stages of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhenyu Kang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zili Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haifeng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xinxin Shuai
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liangqingqing Yin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xunxun Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Heng Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of International Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Zhihao Lin
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Congzhu Ding
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Kim Yun Jin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Malaysia
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 620049, Russia
| | - Fangfei Li
- Shum Yiu Foon Sum Bik Chuen Memorial Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research (CCIR), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Changjun Yin
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Desheng Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; China-Russia Medical Research Center for Stress Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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5
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Zlatanova I, Sun F, Wu RS, Chen X, Lau BH, Colombier P, Sinha T, Celona B, Xu SM, Materna SC, Huang GN, Black BL. An injury-responsive mmp14b enhancer is required for heart regeneration. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh5313. [PMID: 38019918 PMCID: PMC10686572 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh5313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Mammals have limited capacity for heart regeneration, whereas zebrafish have extraordinary regeneration abilities. During zebrafish heart regeneration, endothelial cells promote cardiomyocyte cell cycle reentry and myocardial repair, but the mechanisms responsible for promoting an injury microenvironment conducive to regeneration remain incompletely defined. Here, we identify the matrix metalloproteinase Mmp14b as an essential regulator of heart regeneration. We identify a TEAD-dependent mmp14b endothelial enhancer induced by heart injury in zebrafish and mice, and we show that the enhancer is required for regeneration, supporting a role for Hippo signaling upstream of mmp14b. Last, we show that MMP-14 function in mice is important for the accumulation of Agrin, an essential regulator of neonatal mouse heart regeneration. These findings reveal mechanisms for extracellular matrix remodeling that promote heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Zlatanova
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Fei Sun
- Duke Regeneration Center, Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Roland S. Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Bryan H. Lau
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Pauline Colombier
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tanvi Sinha
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Barbara Celona
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Shan-Mei Xu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Stefan C. Materna
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Guo N. Huang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Brian L. Black
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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6
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Gladka MM, Johansen AKZ, van Kampen SJ, Peters MMC, Molenaar B, Versteeg D, Kooijman L, Zentilin L, Giacca M, van Rooij E. Thymosin β4 and prothymosin α promote cardiac regeneration post-ischaemic injury in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:802-812. [PMID: 36125329 PMCID: PMC10153422 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The adult mammalian heart is a post-mitotic organ. Even in response to necrotic injuries, where regeneration would be essential to reinstate cardiac structure and function, only a minor percentage of cardiomyocytes undergo cytokinesis. The gene programme that promotes cell division within this population of cardiomyocytes is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to determine the gene expression profile of proliferating adult cardiomyocytes in the mammalian heart after myocardial ischaemia, to identify factors to can promote cardiac regeneration. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we demonstrate increased 5-ethynyl-2'deoxyuridine incorporation in cardiomyocytes 3 days post-myocardial infarction in mice. By applying multi-colour lineage tracing, we show that this is paralleled by clonal expansion of cardiomyocytes in the borderzone of the infarcted tissue. Bioinformatic analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data from cardiomyocytes at 3 days post ischaemic injury revealed a distinct transcriptional profile in cardiomyocytes expressing cell cycle markers. Combinatorial overexpression of the enriched genes within this population in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and mice at postnatal day 12 (P12) unveiled key genes that promoted increased cardiomyocyte proliferation. Therapeutic delivery of these gene cocktails into the myocardial wall after ischaemic injury demonstrated that a combination of thymosin beta 4 (TMSB4) and prothymosin alpha (PTMA) provide a permissive environment for cardiomyocyte proliferation and thereby attenuated cardiac dysfunction. CONCLUSION This study reveals the transcriptional profile of proliferating cardiomyocytes in the ischaemic heart and shows that overexpression of the two identified factors, TMSB4 and PTMA, can promote cardiac regeneration. This work indicates that in addition to activating cardiomyocyte proliferation, a supportive environment is a key for regeneration to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika M Gladka
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Katrine Z Johansen
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan J van Kampen
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn M C Peters
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Molenaar
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Versteeg
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieneke Kooijman
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- AAV Vector Unit, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eva van Rooij
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
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7
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Smith S, Ascione R. Targeting neuro-immune systems to achieve cardiac tissue repair following myocardial infarction: A review of therapeutic approaches from in-vivo preclinical to clinical studies. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108397. [PMID: 36996910 PMCID: PMC7616359 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial healing following myocardial infarction (MI) toward either functional tissue repair or excessive scarring/heart failure, may depend on a complex interplay between nervous and immune system responses, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury factors, as well as genetic and epidemiological factors. Hence, enhancing cardiac repair post MI may require a more patient-specific approach targeting this complex interplay and not just the heart, bearing in mind that the dysregulation or modulation of just one of these systems or some of their mechanisms may determine the outcome either toward functional repair or toward heart failure. In this review we have elected to focus on existing preclinical and clinical in-vivo studies aimed at testing novel therapeutic approaches targeting the nervous and immune systems to trigger myocardial healing toward functional tissue repair. To this end, we have only selected clinical and preclinical in-vivo studies reporting on novel treatments targeting neuro-immune systems to ultimately treat MI. Next, we have grouped and reported treatments under each neuro-immune system. Finally, for each treatment we have assessed and reported the results of each clinical/preclinical study and then discussed their results collectively. This structured approach has been followed for each treatment discussed. To keep this review focused, we have deliberately omitted to cover other important and related research areas such as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, cell and gene therapies as well as any ex-vivo and in-vitro studies. The review indicates that some of the treatments targeting the neuro-immune/inflammatory systems appear to induce beneficial effects remotely on the healing heart post MI, warranting further validation. These remote effects on the heart also indicates the presence of an overarching synergic response occurring across the nervous and immune systems in response to acute MI, which appear to influence cardiac tissue repair in different ways depending on age and timing of treatment delivery following MI. The cumulative evidence arising from this review allows also to make informed considerations on safe as opposed to detrimental treatments, and within the safe treatments to ascertain those associated with conflicting or supporting preclinical data, and those warranting further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Smith
- Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Raimondo Ascione
- Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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8
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Sayegh MN, Cooney KA, Han WM, Cicka M, Strobel F, Wang L, García AJ, Levit RD. Hydrogel delivery of purinergic enzymes improves cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 176:98-109. [PMID: 36764383 PMCID: PMC10006353 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The innate immune response contributes to cardiac injury in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R). Neutrophils are an important early part of the innate immune response to MI/R. Adenosine, an endogenous purine, is a known innate immune modulator and inhibitor of neutrophil activation. However, its delivery to the heart is limited by its short half-life (<30 s) and off-target side effects. CD39 and CD73 are anti-inflammatory homeostatic enzymes that can generate adenosine from phosphorylated adenosine substrate such as ATP released from injured tissue. OBJECTIVE We hypothesize that hydrogel-delivered CD39 and CD73 target the local early innate immune response, reduce neutrophil activation, and preserve cardiac function in MI/R injury. METHODS AND RESULTS We engineered a poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) hydrogel loaded with the adenosine-generating enzymes CD39 and CD73. We incubated the hydrogels with neutrophils in vitro and showed a reduction in hydrogen peroxide production using Amplex Red. We demonstrated availability of substrate for the enzymes in the myocardium in MI/R by LC/MS, and tested release kinetics from the hydrogel. On echocardiography, global longitudinal strain (GLS) was preserved in MI/R hearts treated with the loaded hydrogel. Delivery of purinergic enzymes via this synthetic hydrogel resulted in lower innate immune infiltration into the myocardium post-MI/R, decreased markers of macrophage and neutrophil activation (NETosis), and decreased leukocyte-platelet complexes in circulation. CONCLUSIONS In a rat model of MI/R injury, CD39 and CD73 delivered via a hydrogel preserve cardiac function by modulating the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Sayegh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Kimberly A Cooney
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Woojin M Han
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Markus Cicka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Frederick Strobel
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Lanfang Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Rebecca D Levit
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
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9
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Bakhshian Nik A, Alvarez-Argote S, O'Meara CC. Interleukin 4/13 signaling in cardiac regeneration and repair. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H833-H844. [PMID: 36149768 PMCID: PMC9602781 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00310.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 13 (IL13) are closely related cytokines that have been classically attributed to type II immunity, namely, differentiation of T-helper 2 (TH2) cells and alternative activation of macrophages. Although the role of IL4/13 has been well described in various contexts such as defense against helminth parasites, pathogenesis of allergic disease, and several models of wound healing, relatively little is known about the role of IL4/13 in the heart following injury. Emerging literature has identified various roles for IL4/13 in animal models of cardiac regeneration as well as in the adult mammalian heart following myocardial injury. Notably, although IL4 and IL13 signal to hematopoietic cell types following myocardial infarction (MI) to promote wound healing phenotypes, there is substantial evidence that these cytokines can signal directly to non-hematopoietic cell types in the heart during development, homeostasis, and following injury. Comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular actions of IL4/13 in the heart is still lacking, but overall evidence to date suggests that activation of these cytokines results in beneficial outcomes with respect to cardiac repair. Here, we aim to comprehensively review the role of IL4 and IL13 and their prospective mechanisms in cardiac regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirala Bakhshian Nik
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Santiago Alvarez-Argote
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Caitlin C O'Meara
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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10
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Cifarelli V, Kuda O, Yang K, Liu X, Gross RW, Pietka TA, Heo GS, Sultan D, Luehmann H, Lesser J, Ross M, Goldberg IJ, Gropler RJ, Liu Y, Abumrad NA. Cardiac immune cell infiltration associates with abnormal lipid metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:948332. [PMID: 36061565 PMCID: PMC9428462 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.948332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CD36 mediates the uptake of long-chain fatty acids (FAs), a major energy substrate for the myocardium. Under excessive FA supply, CD36 can cause cardiac lipid accumulation and inflammation while its deletion reduces heart FA uptake and lipid content and increases glucose utilization. As a result, CD36 was proposed as a therapeutic target for obesity-associated heart disease. However, more recent reports have shown that CD36 deficiency suppresses myocardial flexibility in fuel preference between glucose and FAs, impairing tissue energy balance, while CD36 absence in tissue macrophages reduces efferocytosis and myocardial repair after injury. In line with the latter homeostatic functions, we had previously reported that CD36-/- mice have chronic subclinical inflammation. Lipids are important for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and there is limited information on heart lipid metabolism in CD36 deficiency. Here, we document in the hearts of unchallenged CD36-/- mice abnormalities in the metabolism of triglycerides, plasmalogens, cardiolipins, acylcarnitines, and arachidonic acid, and the altered remodeling of these lipids in response to an overnight fast. The hearts were examined for evidence of inflammation by monitoring the presence of neutrophils and pro-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages using the respective positron emission tomography (PET) tracers, 64Cu-AMD3100 and 68Ga-DOTA-ECL1i. We detected significant immune cell infiltration in unchallenged CD36-/- hearts as compared with controls and immune infiltration was also observed in hearts of mice with cardiomyocyte-specific CD36 deficiency. Together, the data show that the CD36-/- heart is in a non-homeostatic state that could compromise its stress response. Non-invasive immune cell monitoring in humans with partial or total CD36 deficiency could help evaluate the risk of impaired heart remodeling and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Cifarelli
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,*Correspondence: Vincenza Cifarelli,
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kui Yang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Division of Complex Drug Analysis, Office of Testing and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Xinping Liu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Richard W. Gross
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Terri A. Pietka
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Gyu Seong Heo
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Deborah Sultan
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Hannah Luehmann
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Josie Lesser
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Morgan Ross
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ira J. Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert J. Gropler
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Yongjian Liu,
| | - Nada A. Abumrad
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Nada A. Abumrad,
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11
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Ikutani M, Nakae S. Heterogeneity of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Defines Their Pleiotropic Roles in Cancer, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:939378. [PMID: 35844571 PMCID: PMC9278653 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.939378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are typically known for their ability to respond rapidly to parasitic infections and play a pivotal role in the development of certain allergic disorders. ILC2s produce cytokines such as Interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 similar to the type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. Recent findings have highlighted that ILC2s, together with IL-33 and eosinophils, participate in a considerably broad range of physiological roles such as anti-tumor immunity, metabolic regulation, and vascular disorders. Therefore, the focus of the ILC2 study has been extended from conventional Th2 responses to these unexplored areas of research. However, disease outcomes accompanied by ILC2 activities are paradoxical mostly in tumor immunity requiring further investigations. Although various environmental factors that direct the development, activation, and localization of ILC2s have been studied, IL-33/ILC2/eosinophil axis is presumably central in a multitude of inflammatory conditions and has guided the research in ILC2 biology. With a particular focus on this axis, we discuss ILC2s across different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ikutani
- Laboratory of Immunology, Program of Food and AgriLife Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masashi Ikutani, ; Susumu Nakae,
| | - Susumu Nakae
- Laboratory of Immunology, Program of Food and AgriLife Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masashi Ikutani, ; Susumu Nakae,
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12
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Ghovvati M, Kharaziha M, Ardehali R, Annabi N. Recent Advances in Designing Electroconductive Biomaterials for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200055. [PMID: 35368150 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Implantable cardiac patches and injectable hydrogels are among the most promising therapies for cardiac tissue regeneration following myocardial infarction. Incorporating electrical conductivity into these patches and hydrogels is found to be an efficient method to improve cardiac tissue function. Conductive nanomaterials such as carbon nanotube, graphene oxide, gold nanorod, as well as conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate are appealing because they possess the electroconductive properties of semiconductors with ease of processing and have potential to restore electrical signaling propagation through the infarct area. Numerous studies have utilized these materials for regeneration of biological tissues that possess electrical activities, such as cardiac tissue. In this review, recent studies on the use of electroconductive materials for cardiac tissue engineering and their fabrication methods are summarized. Moreover, recent advances in developing electroconductive materials for delivering therapeutic agents as one of emerging approaches for treating heart diseases and regenerating damaged cardiac tissues are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ghovvati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California – Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Biomaterials Research Group Department of Materials Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156‐83111 Iran
| | - Reza Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California – Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California – Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Bioengineering University of California – Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
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13
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Gao Y, Qian N, Xu J, Wang Y. The Roles of Macrophages in Heart Regeneration and Repair After Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:744615. [PMID: 34760943 PMCID: PMC8575035 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.744615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although great advances have been made, the problem of irreversible myocardium loss due to the limited regeneration capacity of cardiomyocytes has not been fully solved. The morbidity and mortality of heart disease still remain high. There are many therapeutic strategies for treating heart disease, while low efficacy and high cost remain challenging. Abundant evidence has shown that both acute and chronic inflammations play a crucial role in heart regeneration and repair following injury. Macrophages, a primary component of inflammation, have attracted much attention in cardiac research in recent decades. The detailed mechanisms of the roles of macrophages in heart regeneration and repair are not completely understood, in part because of their complex subsets, various functions, and intercellular communications. The purpose of this review is to summarize the progress made in the understanding of macrophages, including recent reports on macrophage differentiation, polarization and function, and involvement in heart regeneration and repair. Also, we discuss progress in treatments, which may suggest directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ningjing Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingmiao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Yu X, Newland SA, Zhao TX, Lu Y, Sage AS, Sun Y, Sriranjan RS, Ma MKL, Lam BYH, Nus M, Harrison JE, Bond SJ, Cheng X, Silvestre JS, Rudd JHF, Cheriyan J, Mallat Z. Innate Lymphoid Cells Promote Recovery of Ventricular Function After Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 78:1127-1142. [PMID: 34503682 PMCID: PMC8434674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate lymphoid cells type 2 (ILC2s) play critical homeostatic functions in peripheral tissues. ILC2s reside in perivascular niches and limit atherosclerosis development. OBJECTIVES ILC2s also reside in the pericardium but their role in postischemic injury is unknown. METHODS We examined the role of ILC2 in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI), and compared mice with or without genetic deletion of ILC2. We determined infarct size using histology and heart function using echocardiography. We assessed cardiac ILC2 using flow cytometry and RNA sequencing. Based on these data, we devised a therapeutic strategy to activate ILC2 in mice with acute MI, using exogenous interleukin (IL)-2. We also assessed the ability of low-dose IL-2 to activate ILC2 in a double-blind randomized clinical trial of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). RESULTS We found that ILC2 levels were increased in pericardial adipose tissue after experimental MI, and genetic ablation of ILC2 impeded the recovery of heart function. RNA sequencing revealed distinct transcript signatures in ILC2, and pointed to IL-2 axis as a major upstream regulator. Treatment of T-cell-deficient mice with IL-2 (to activate ILC2) significantly improved the recovery of heart function post-MI. Administration of low-dose IL-2 to patients with ACS led to activation of circulating ILC2, with significant increase in circulating IL-5, a prototypic ILC2-derived cytokine. CONCLUSIONS ILC2s promote cardiac healing and improve the recovery of heart function after MI in mice. Activation of ILC2 using low-dose IL-2 could be a novel therapeutic strategy to promote a reparative response after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji, Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Stephen A Newland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tian X Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yuning Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S Sage
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yanyi Sun
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Rouchelle S Sriranjan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marcella K L Ma
- The Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Y H Lam
- The Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Meritxell Nus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James E Harrison
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Bond
- Division of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji, Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - James H F Rudd
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Cheriyan
- Division of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ziad Mallat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, F-75015 Paris, France.
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15
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Al-Darraji A, Donahue RR, Tripathi H, Peng H, Levitan BM, Chelvarajan L, Haydar D, Gao E, Henson D, Gensel JC, Feola DJ, Venditto VJ, Abdel-Latif A. Liposomal delivery of azithromycin enhances its immunotherapeutic efficacy and reduces toxicity in myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16596. [PMID: 33024189 PMCID: PMC7538891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence shows that altering the inflammatory response by alternative macrophage polarization is protective against complications related to acute myocardial infarction (MI). We have previously shown that oral azithromycin (AZM), initiated prior to MI, reduces inflammation and its negative sequelae on the myocardium. Here, we investigated the immunomodulatory role of a liposomal AZM formulation (L-AZM) in a clinically relevant model to enhance its therapeutic potency and avoid off-target effects. L-AZM (40 or 10 mg/kg, IV) was administered immediately post-MI and compared to free AZM (F-AZM). L-AZM reduced cardiac toxicity and associated mortality by 50% in mice. We observed a significant shift favoring reparatory/anti-inflammatory macrophages with L-AZM formulation. L-AZM use resulted in a remarkable decrease in cardiac inflammatory neutrophils and the infiltration of inflammatory monocytes. Immune cell modulation was associated with the downregulation of pro-inflammatory genes and the upregulation of anti-inflammatory genes. The immunomodulatory effects of L-AZM were associated with a reduction in cardiac cell death and scar size as well as enhanced angiogenesis. Overall, L-AZM use enhanced cardiac recovery and survival after MI. Importantly, L-AZM was protective from F-AZM cardiac off-target effects. We demonstrate that the liposomal formulation of AZM enhances the drug’s efficacy and safety in an animal model of acute myocardial injury. This is the first study to establish the immunomodulatory properties of liposomal AZM formulations. Our findings strongly support clinical trials using L-AZM as a novel and clinically relevant therapeutic target to improve cardiac recovery and reduce heart failure post-MI in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Darraji
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Renée R Donahue
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Himi Tripathi
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Hsuan Peng
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Bryana M Levitan
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lakshman Chelvarajan
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Dalia Haydar
- College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Henson
- College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John C Gensel
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - David J Feola
- College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. .,Division of Cardiology, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VAMC, 741 S. Limestone Street, BBSRB, Room 349, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA.
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16
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Richart AL, Reddy M, Khalaji M, Natoli AL, Heywood SE, Siebel AL, Lancaster GL, Murphy AJ, Carey AL, Drew BG, Didichenko SA, Navdaev AV, Kingwell BA. Apo AI Nanoparticles Delivered Post Myocardial Infarction Moderate Inflammation. Circ Res 2020; 127:1422-1436. [PMID: 32951519 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.316848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Decades of research have examined immune-modulatory strategies to protect the heart after an acute myocardial infarction and prevent progression to heart failure but have failed to translate to clinical benefit. OBJECTIVE To determine anti-inflammatory actions of n-apo AI (Apo AI nanoparticles) that contribute to cardiac tissue recovery after myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a preclinical mouse model of myocardial infarction, we demonstrate that a single intravenous bolus of n-apo AI (CSL111, 80 mg/kg) delivered immediately after reperfusion reduced the systemic and cardiac inflammatory response. N-apo AI treatment lowered the number of circulating leukocytes by 30±7% and their recruitment into the ischemic heart by 25±10% (all P<5.0×10-2). This was associated with a reduction in plasma levels of the clinical biomarker of cardiac injury, cardiac troponin-I, by 52±17% (P=1.01×10-2). N-apo AI reduced the cardiac expression of chemokines that attract neutrophils and monocytes by 60% to 80% and lowered surface expression of integrin CD11b on monocytes by 20±5% (all P<5.0×10-2). Fluorescently labeled n-apo AI entered the infarct and peri-infarct regions and colocalized with cardiomyocytes undergoing apoptosis and with leukocytes. We further demonstrate that n-apo AI binds to neutrophils and monocytes, with preferential binding to the proinflammatory monocyte subtype and partially via SR-BI (scavenger receptor BI). In patients with type 2 diabetes, we also observed that intravenous infusion of the same n-apo AI (CSL111, 80 mg/kg) similarly reduced the level of circulating leukocytes by 12±5% (all P<5.0×10-2). CONCLUSIONS A single intravenous bolus of n-apo AI delivered immediately post-myocardial infarction reduced the systemic and cardiac inflammatory response through direct actions on both the ischemic myocardium and leukocytes. These data highlight the anti-inflammatory effects of n-apo AI and provide preclinical support for investigation of its use for management of acute coronary syndromes in the setting of primary percutaneous coronary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele L Richart
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | - Medini Reddy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | - Mina Khalaji
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | - Alaina L Natoli
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | - Sarah E Heywood
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | | | - Graeme L Lancaster
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | - Andrew L Carey
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | - Brian G Drew
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.)
| | | | | | - Bronwyn A Kingwell
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (A.L.R., M.R., M.K., A.L.N., S.E.H., G.L.L., A.J.M., B.G.D., B.A.K.).,Department of Physiology (B.A.K.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Medicine (B.A.K.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,CSL Ltd, Bio21, Parkville, Australia (B.A.K.)
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17
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Abstract
Despite various clinical modalities available for patients, heart disease remains among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Genetic medicine, particularly mRNA, has broad potential as a therapeutic. More specifically, mRNA-based protein delivery has been used in the fields of cancer and vaccination, but recent changes to the structural composition of mRNA have led the scientific community to swiftly embrace it as a new drug to deliver missing genes to injured myocardium and many other organs. Modified mRNA (modRNA)-based gene delivery features transient but potent protein translation and low immunogenicity, with minimal risk of insertional mutagenesis. In this review, we compared and listed the advantages of modRNA over traditional vectors for cardiac therapy, with particular focus on using modRNA therapy in cardiac repair. We present a comprehensive overview of modRNA's role in cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation, cardiac vascularization, and prevention of cardiac apoptosis. We also emphasize recent advances in modRNA delivery strategies and discuss the challenges for its clinical translation.
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18
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Vafadarnejad E, Rizzo G, Krampert L, Arampatzi P, Arias-Loza AP, Nazzal Y, Rizakou A, Knochenhauer T, Bandi SR, Nugroho VA, Schulz DJJ, Roesch M, Alayrac P, Vilar J, Silvestre JS, Zernecke A, Saliba AE, Cochain C. Dynamics of Cardiac Neutrophil Diversity in Murine Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res 2020; 127:e232-e249. [PMID: 32811295 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE After myocardial infarction, neutrophils rapidly and massively infiltrate the heart, where they promote both tissue healing and damage. OBJECTIVE To characterize the dynamics of circulating and cardiac neutrophil diversity after infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS We employed single-cell transcriptomics combined with cell surface epitope detection by sequencing to investigate temporal neutrophil diversity in the blood and heart after murine myocardial infarction. At day 1, 3, and 5 after infarction, cardiac Ly6G+ (lymphocyte antigen 6G) neutrophils could be delineated into 6 distinct clusters with specific time-dependent patterning and proportions. At day 1, neutrophils were characterized by a gene expression profile proximal to bone marrow neutrophils (Cd177, Lcn2, Fpr1), and putative activity of transcriptional regulators involved in hypoxic response (Hif1a) and emergency granulopoiesis (Cebpb). At 3 and 5 days, 2 major subsets of Siglecfhi (enriched for eg, Icam1 and Tnf) and Siglecflow (Slpi, Ifitm1) neutrophils were found. Cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) analysis in blood and heart revealed that while circulating neutrophils undergo a process of aging characterized by loss of surface CD62L and upregulation of Cxcr4, heart infiltrating neutrophils acquired a unique SiglecFhi signature. SiglecFhi neutrophils were absent from the bone marrow and spleen, indicating local acquisition of the SiglecFhi signature. Reducing the influx of blood neutrophils by anti-Ly6G treatment increased proportions of cardiac SiglecFhi neutrophils, suggesting accumulation of locally aged neutrophils. Computational analysis of ligand/receptor interactions revealed putative pathways mediating neutrophil to macrophage communication in the myocardium. Finally, SiglecFhi neutrophils were also found in atherosclerotic vessels, revealing that they arise across distinct contexts of cardiovascular inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data provide a time-resolved census of neutrophil diversity and gene expression dynamics in the mouse blood and ischemic heart at the single-cell level, and reveal a process of local tissue specification of neutrophils in the ischemic heart characterized by the acquisition of a SiglecFhi signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Vafadarnejad
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Wuerzburg, Germany (E.V., A.-E.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Rizzo
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg (G.R., L.K., A.-P.A.-L., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Laura Krampert
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg (G.R., L.K., A.-P.A.-L., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Anahi-Paula Arias-Loza
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg (G.R., L.K., A.-P.A.-L., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Yara Nazzal
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Rizakou
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Tim Knochenhauer
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sourish Reddy Bandi
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Vallery Audy Nugroho
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg (G.R., L.K., A.-P.A.-L., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk J J Schulz
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg (G.R., L.K., A.-P.A.-L., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Roesch
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Paul Alayrac
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, F-75015 Paris, France (P. Alayrac, J.V., J.-S.S.)
| | - Jose Vilar
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, F-75015 Paris, France (P. Alayrac, J.V., J.-S.S.)
| | | | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Wuerzburg, Germany (E.V., A.-E.S.)
| | - Clément Cochain
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg (G.R., L.K., A.-P.A.-L., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (G.R., L.K.,Y.N., A.R., T.K., S.R.B., V.A.N., D.J.J.S., M.R., A.Z., C.C.), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
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19
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Mao S, Zhang X, Chen M, Wang C, Chen Q, Guo L, Zhang M, Hinek A. Beneficial Effects of Baduanjin Exercise on Left Ventricular Remodelling in Patients after Acute Myocardial Infarction: an Exploratory Clinical Trial and Proteomic Analysis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 35:21-32. [PMID: 32761487 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of physical exercise on cardiac remodelling improvement after myocardial infarction have already been suggested. However, the results of previous clinical trials have not been consistent. Moreover, the putative molecular mechanisms leading to the clinically observed effects of physical exercise still remain elusive. AIM We aimed to evaluate whether the well-defined and strictly controlled traditional Chinese Qigong Baduanjin exercise (BE) would attenuate the adverse left ventricular (LV) remodelling in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS A total of 110 clinically stable STEMI patients, following successful revascularization of their infarcted coronary arteries, were randomized and enrolled in two groups: 56 were subjected to a 12-week BE-based cardiac rehabilitation programme (BE group), and the remaining 54 were exposed to the usual physical exercise (control group) for the same time period. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 6 months in the echocardiographic LV end-diastolic volume index (ΔLVEDVi). Proteomic analysis was also performed to uncover associated mechanisms. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the BE group showed significantly lower ΔLVEDVi (-5.1 ± 1.1 vs. 0.3 ± 1.2 mL/m2, P < 0.01). Proteomic analysis revealed BE-induced variations in the expression of 80 proteins linked to regulation the of metabolic process, immune process, and extracellular matrix reorganization. Furthermore, correlation analyses between the validated serum proteomes and primary endpoint demonstrated a positive association between ΔLVEDVi and MMP-9 expression, but a negative correlation between ΔLVEDVi and CXCL1 expression. CONCLUSION This is the first study indicating that BE in STEMI patients can alleviate adverse LV remodelling associated with beneficial energy metabolism adaptation, inflammation curbing, and extracellular matrix organization adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Minggui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Chuyang Wang
- Biological Resource Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qubo Chen
- Biological Resource Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Liheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Minzhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China. .,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Aleksander Hinek
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada
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20
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Zschüntzsch J, Jouvenal PV, Zhang Y, Klinker F, Tiburcy M, Liebetanz D, Malzahn D, Brinkmeier H, Schmidt J. Long-term human IgG treatment improves heart and muscle function in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:1018-1031. [PMID: 32436338 PMCID: PMC7432639 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscle-wasting disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, which leads to structural instability of the dystrophin-glycoprotein-complex with subsequent muscle degeneration. In addition, muscle inflammation has been implicated in disease progression and therapeutically addressed with glucocorticosteroids. These have numerous adverse effects. Treatment with human immunoglobulin G (IgG) improved clinical and para-clinical parameters in the early disease phase in the well-established mdx mouse model. The aim of the present study was to confirm the efficacy of IgG in a long-term pre-clinical study in mdx mice. METHODS IgG (2 g/kg body weight) or NaCl solution as control was administered monthly over 18 months by intraperitoneal injection in mdx mice beginning at 3 weeks of age. Several clinical outcome measures including endurance, muscle strength, and echocardiography were assessed. After 18 months, the animals were sacrificed, blood was collected for analysis, and muscle samples were obtained for ex vivo muscle contraction tests, quantitative PCR, and histology. RESULTS IgG significantly improved the daily voluntary running performance (1.9 m more total daily running distance, P < 0.0001) and slowed the decrease in grip strength by 0.1 mN, (P = 0.018). IgG reduced fatigability of the diaphragm (improved ratio to maximum force by 0.09 ± 0.04, P = 0.044), but specific tetanic force remained unchanged in the ex vivo muscle contraction test. Cardiac function was significantly better after IgG, especially fractional area shortening (P = 0.012). These results were accompanied by a reduction in cardiac fibrosis and the infiltration of T cells (P = 0.0002) and macrophages (P = 0.0027). In addition, treatment with IgG resulted in a significant reduction of the infiltration of T cells (P ≤ 0.036) in the diaphragm, gastrocnemius, quadriceps, and a similar trend in tibialis anterior and macrophages (P ≤ 0.045) in gastrocnemius, quadriceps, tibialis anterior, and a similar trend in the diaphragm, as well as a decrease in myopathic changes as reflected by a reduced central nuclear index in the diaphragm, tibialis anterior, and quadriceps (P ≤ 0.002 in all). CONCLUSIONS The present study underscores the importance of an inflammatory contribution to the disease progression of DMD. The data demonstrate the long-term efficacy of IgG in the mdx mouse. IgG is well tolerated by humans and could preferentially complement gene therapy in DMD. The data call for a clinical trial with IgG in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Zschüntzsch
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pia Vanessa Jouvenal
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Florian Klinker
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Malte Tiburcy
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Liebetanz
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dörthe Malzahn
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,mzBiostatistics, Statistical Consultancy, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Brinkmeier
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Jens Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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21
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Chen J, Ma Q, King JS, Sun Y, Xu B, Zhang X, Zohrabian S, Guo H, Cai W, Li G, Bruno I, Cooke JP, Wang C, Kontaridis M, Wang DZ, Luo H, Pu WT, Lin Z. aYAP modRNA reduces cardiac inflammation and hypertrophy in a murine ischemia-reperfusion model. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e201900424. [PMID: 31843959 PMCID: PMC6918510 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial recovery from ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is shaped by the interaction of many signaling pathways and tissue repair processes, including the innate immune response. We and others previously showed that sustained expression of the transcriptional co-activator yes-associated protein (YAP) improves survival and myocardial outcome after myocardial infarction. Here, we asked whether transient YAP expression would improve myocardial outcome after IR injury. After IR, we transiently activated YAP in the myocardium with modified mRNA encoding a constitutively active form of YAP (aYAP modRNA). Histological studies 2 d after IR showed that aYAP modRNA reduced cardiomyocyte (CM) necrosis and neutrophil infiltration. 4 wk after IR, aYAP modRNA-treated mice had better heart function as well as reduced scar size and hypertrophic remodeling. In cultured neonatal and adult CMs, YAP attenuated H2O2- or LPS-induced CM necrosis. TLR signaling pathway components important for innate immune responses were suppressed by YAP/TEAD1. In summary, our findings demonstrate that aYAP modRNA treatment reduces CM necrosis, cardiac inflammation, and hypertrophic remodeling after IR stress.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/administration & dosage
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cardiomegaly/drug therapy
- Cardiomegaly/etiology
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/complications
- Myocarditis/drug therapy
- Myocarditis/etiology
- Myocardium/immunology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Neutrophil Infiltration/drug effects
- RNA Editing
- RNA, Messenger/administration & dosage
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Transcription Factors/administration & dosage
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmiao Chen
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yan Sun
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Haipeng Guo
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenqing Cai
- Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gavin Li
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivone Bruno
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John P Cooke
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Hongbo Luo
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William T Pu
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA
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22
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Yifa O, Weisinger K, Bassat E, Li H, Kain D, Barr H, Kozer N, Genzelinakh A, Rajchman D, Eigler T, Umansky KB, Lendengolts D, Brener O, Bursac N, Tzahor E. The small molecule Chicago Sky Blue promotes heart repair following myocardial infarction in mice. JCI Insight 2019; 4:128025. [PMID: 31723055 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.128025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart regenerates poorly after injury and, as a result, ischemic heart diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide. The recovery of the injured heart is dependent on orchestrated repair processes including inflammation, fibrosis, cardiomyocyte survival, proliferation, and contraction properties that could be modulated in patients. In this work we designed an automated high-throughput screening system for small molecules that induce cardiomyocyte proliferation in vitro and identified the small molecule Chicago Sky Blue 6B (CSB). Following induced myocardial infarction, CSB treatment reduced scar size and improved heart function of adult mice. Mechanistically, we show that although initially identified using in vitro screening for cardiomyocyte proliferation, in the adult mouse CSB promotes heart repair through (i) inhibition of CaMKII signaling, which improves cardiomyocyte contractility; and (ii) inhibition of neutrophil and macrophage activation, which attenuates the acute inflammatory response, thereby contributing to reduced scarring. In summary, we identified CSB as a potential therapeutic agent that enhances cardiac repair and function by suppressing postinjury detrimental processes, with no evidence for cardiomyocyte renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Yifa
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Karen Weisinger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elad Bassat
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hanjun Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Kain
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Haim Barr
- HTS unit, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine (G-INCPM), and
| | - Noga Kozer
- HTS unit, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine (G-INCPM), and
| | - Alexander Genzelinakh
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dana Rajchman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tamar Eigler
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kfir Baruch Umansky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daria Lendengolts
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ori Brener
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eldad Tzahor
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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23
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Carotenuto F, Teodori L, Maccari AM, Delbono L, Orlando G, Di Nardo P. Turning regenerative technologies into treatment to repair myocardial injuries. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:2704-2716. [PMID: 31568640 PMCID: PMC7077550 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative therapies including stem cell treatments hold promise to allow curing patients affected by severe cardiac muscle diseases. However, the clinical efficacy of stem cell therapy remains elusive, so far. The two key roadblocks that still need to be overcome are the poor cell engraftment into the injured myocardium and the limited knowledge of the ideal mixture of bioactive factors to be locally delivered for restoring heart function. Thus, therapeutic strategies for cardiac repair are directed to increase the retention and functional integration of transplanted cells in the damaged myocardium or to enhance the endogenous repair mechanisms through cell‐free therapies. In this context, biomaterial‐based technologies and tissue engineering approaches have the potential to dramatically impact cardiac translational medicine. This review intends to offer some consideration on the cell‐based and cell‐free cardiac therapies, their limitations and the possible future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Carotenuto
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Diagnostics and Metrology (FSN-TECFIS-DIM), ENEA, C.R. Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Teodori
- Diagnostics and Metrology (FSN-TECFIS-DIM), ENEA, C.R. Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Maccari
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Delbono
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Orlando
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Paolo Di Nardo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Abstract
Cardiac ageing manifests as a decline in function leading to heart failure. At the cellular level, ageing entails decreased replicative capacity and dysregulation of cellular processes in myocardial and nonmyocyte cells. Various extrinsic parameters, such as lifestyle and environment, integrate important signalling pathways, such as those involving inflammation and oxidative stress, with intrinsic molecular mechanisms underlying resistance versus progression to cellular senescence. Mitigation of cardiac functional decline in an ageing organism requires the activation of enhanced maintenance and reparative capacity, thereby overcoming inherent endogenous limitations to retaining a youthful phenotype. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying dysregulation of cellular function and renewal reveals potential interventional targets to attenuate degenerative processes at the cellular and systemic levels to improve quality of life for our ageing population. In this Review, we discuss the roles of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in cardiac ageing. Animal models of cardiac ageing are summarized, followed by an overview of the current and possible future treatments to mitigate the deleterious effects of cardiac ageing.
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25
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Malek Mohammadi M, Abouissa A, Azizah I, Xie Y, Cordero J, Shirvani A, Gigina A, Engelhardt M, Trogisch FA, Geffers R, Dobreva G, Bauersachs J, Heineke J. Induction of cardiomyocyte proliferation and angiogenesis protects neonatal mice from pressure overload-associated maladaptation. JCI Insight 2019; 5:128336. [PMID: 31335322 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.128336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac pressure overload (for example due to aortic stenosis) induces irreversible myocardial dysfunction, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis in patients. In contrast to adult, neonatal mice can efficiently regenerate the heart after injury in the first week after birth. To decipher whether insufficient cardiac regeneration contributes to the progression of pressure overload dependent disease, we established a transverse aortic constriction protocol in neonatal mice (nTAC). nTAC in the non-regenerative stage (at postnatal day P7) induced cardiac dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In contrast, nTAC in the regenerative stage (at P1) largely prevented these maladaptive responses and was in particular associated with enhanced myocardial angiogenesis and increased cardiomyocyte proliferation, which both supported adaptation during nTAC. A comparative transcriptomic analysis between hearts after regenerative versus non-regenerative nTAC suggested the transcription factor GATA4 as master regulator of the regenerative gene-program. Indeed, cardiomyocyte specific deletion of GATA4 converted the regenerative nTAC into a non-regenerative, maladaptive response. Our new nTAC model can be used to identify mediators of adaptation during pressure overload and to discover novel potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Malek Mohammadi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aya Abouissa
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Isyatul Azizah
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yinuo Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julio Cordero
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience, and
| | - Amir Shirvani
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Gigina
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren Engelhardt
- Institute for Neuroanatomy, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix A Trogisch
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Department Genome Analytics, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience, and
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
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26
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Shah M, KC P, Zhang G. In Vivo Assessment of Decellularized Porcine Myocardial Slice as an Acellular Cardiac Patch. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:23893-23900. [PMID: 31188555 PMCID: PMC6948015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Acellular cardiac patches made of various biomaterials have shown to improve heart function after myocardial infarction (MI). Extracellular matrix scaffold derived from a decellularized tissue has unique advantages to serve as an acellular cardiac patch due to its biomimetic nature. In this study, we examined the therapeutic outcomes of using a decellularized porcine myocardium slice (dPMS) as an acellular patch in a rat acute MI model. dPMSs with two different thicknesses (300 and 600 μm) were patched to the infarcted area of the rat myocardium, and their effects on cardiac function and host interactions were assessed. We found that the implanted dPMS firmly attached to host myocardium after implantation and prevented thinning of the left ventricular (LV) wall after an MI. A large number of host cells were identified to infiltrate into the implanted dPMS, and a significant number of vessel structures was observed in the dPMS and infarcted area. We detected a significantly higher density of M2 macrophages in the groups treated with dPMSs as compared to the MI group. Contraction of the LV wall and cardiac functional parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening) was significantly improved in the treatment groups (300 and 600 μm dPMS) 4 weeks after surgery. Our results proved the therapeutic benefits of using dPMS as an acellular cardiac patch for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickey Shah
- Integrated Bioscience Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-0302, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-0302, United States
| | - Pawan KC
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-0302, United States
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-0302, United States
- Corresponding Author: . Phone: 330-972-5237. Fax: 330-374-8834
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Xu S, Liu C, Xie F, Tian L, Manno SH, Manno FAM, Fallah S, Pelster B, Tse G, Cheng SH. Excessive inflammation impairs heart regeneration in zebrafish breakdance mutant after cryoinjury. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:117-126. [PMID: 30928664 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in cardiac regeneration. Numerous advantages, including a robust regenerative ability, make the zebrafish a popular model to study cardiovascular diseases. The zebrafish breakdance (bre) mutant shares several key features with human long QT syndrome that predisposes to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. However, how inflammatory response and tissue regeneration following cardiac damage occur in bre mutant is unknown. Here, we have found that inflammatory response related genes were markedly expressed in the injured heart and excessive leukocyte accumulation occurred in the injured area of the bre mutant zebrafish. Furthermore, bre mutant zebrafish exhibited aberrant apoptosis and impaired heart regenerative ability after ventricular cryoinjury. Mild dosages of anti-inflammatory or prokinetic drugs protected regenerative cells from undergoing aberrant apoptosis and promoted heart regeneration in bre mutant zebrafish. We propose that immune or prokinetic therapy could be a potential therapeutic regimen for patients with genetic long QT syndrome who suffers from myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Chichi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Fangjing Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Sinai Hc Manno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Francis A M Manno
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Samane Fallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Bernd Pelster
- Institut für Zoologie, Universität Innsbruck, Center for Molecular Biosciences, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Gary Tse
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China.
| | - Shuk Han Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP) at City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
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Novel Molecular Targets Participating in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Cardioprotection. Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:6935147. [PMID: 31275641 PMCID: PMC6558612 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6935147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide morbidity and mortality from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and related heart failure remain high. While effective early reperfusion of the criminal coronary artery after a confirmed AMI is the typical treatment at present, collateral myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and pertinent cardioprotection are still challenging to address and have inadequately understood mechanisms. Therefore, unveiling the related novel molecular targets and networks participating in triggering and resisting the pathobiology of MIRI is a promising and valuable frontier. The present study specifically focuses on the recent MIRI advances that are supported by sophisticated bio-methodology in order to bring the poorly understood interrelationship among pro- and anti-MIRI participant molecules up to date, as well as to identify findings that may facilitate the further investigation of novel targets.
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Grisanti LA, de Lucia C, Thomas TP, Stark A, Strony JT, Myers VD, Beretta R, Yu D, Sardu C, Marfella R, Gao E, Houser SR, Koch WJ, Hamad EA, Tilley DG. Prior β-blocker treatment decreases leukocyte responsiveness to injury. JCI Insight 2019; 5:99485. [PMID: 30920389 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Following injury, leukocytes are released from hematopoietic organs and migrate to the site of damage to regulate tissue inflammation and repair, however leukocytes lacking β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) expression have marked impairments in these processes. β-blockade is a common strategy for the treatment of many cardiovascular etiologies, therefore the objective of our study was to assess the impact of prior β-blocker treatment on baseline leukocyte parameters and their responsiveness to acute injury. In a temporal and βAR isoform-dependent manner, chronic β-blocker infusion increased splenic vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression and leukocyte accumulation (monocytes/macrophages, mast cells and neutrophils) and decreased chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) expression, migration of bone marrow cells (BMC) and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), as well as infiltration into the heart following acute cardiac injury. Further, CCR2 expression and migratory responsiveness was significantly reduced in the PBL of patients receiving β-blocker therapy compared to β-blocker-naïve patients. These results highlight the ability of chronic β-blocker treatment to alter baseline leukocyte characteristics that decrease their responsiveness to acute injury and suggest that prior β-blockade may act to reduce the severity of innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel A Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daohai Yu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Piazza Miraglia, 2, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Piazza Miraglia, 2, Naples, Italy
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine
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Emerging Roles for Immune Cells and MicroRNAs in Modulating the Response to Cardiac Injury. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6010005. [PMID: 30650599 PMCID: PMC6462949 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulating cardiomyocyte regeneration after an acute injury remains the central goal in cardiovascular regenerative biology. While adult mammals respond to cardiac damage with deposition of rigid scar tissue, adult zebrafish and salamander unleash a regenerative program that culminates in new cardiomyocyte formation, resolution of scar tissue, and recovery of heart function. Recent studies have shown that immune cells are key to regulating pro-inflammatory and pro-regenerative signals that shift the injury microenvironment toward regeneration. Defining the genetic regulators that control the dynamic interplay between immune cells and injured cardiac tissue is crucial to decoding the endogenous mechanism of heart regeneration. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the extent that macrophage and regulatory T cells influence cardiomyocyte proliferation and how microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate their activity in the injured heart.
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Jung M, Dodsworth M, Thum T. Inflammatory cells and their non-coding RNAs as targets for treating myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 114:4. [PMID: 30523422 PMCID: PMC6290728 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction triggers infiltration of several types of immune cells that coordinate both innate and adaptive immune responses. These play a dual role in post-infarction cardiac remodeling by initiating and resolving inflammatory processes, which needs to occur in a timely and well-orchestrated way to ensure a reestablishment of normalized cardiac functions. Thus, therapeutic modulation of immune responses might have benefits for infarct patients. While such strategies have shown great potential in treating cancer, applications in the post-infarction context have been disappointing. One challenge has been the complexity and plasticity of immune cells and their functions in cardiac regulation and healing. The types appear in patterns that are temporally and spatially distinct, while influencing each other and the surrounding tissue. A comprehensive understanding of the immune cell repertoire and their regulatory functions following infarction is sorely needed. Processes of cardiac remodeling trigger additional genetic changes that may also play critical roles in the aftermath of cardiovascular disease. Some of these changes involve non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in the regulation of immune cells and may, therefore, be of therapeutic interest. This review summarizes what is currently known about the functions of immune cells and non-coding RNAs during post-infarction wound healing. We address some of the challenges that remain and describe novel therapeutic approaches under development that are based on regulating immune responses through non-coding RNAs in the aftermath of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Dodsworth
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Abstract
Les macrophages résidents tissulaires ou ceux qui ont pour origine des monocytes circulants régulent l’homéostasie cardiaque en conditions physiologiques mais aussi pathologiques. La présence de macrophages résidents au sein du nœud auriculo-ventriculaire distal a été révélée par des études récentes réalisées chez la souris et chez l’homme. Ces macrophages expriment la connexine-43, une protéine de jonction intercellulaire, et augmentent la conduction auriculo-ventriculaire en accélérant la repolarisation des cardiomyocytes interconnectés. La compréhension fine et exhaustive du rôle de ces macrophages dans la conduction électrique cardiaque pourrait conduire à de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques reposant sur la modulation des fonctions macrophagiques dans le cœur arythmique.
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A Thin Layer of Decellularized Porcine Myocardium for Cell Delivery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16206. [PMID: 30385769 PMCID: PMC6212498 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33946-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Decellularized porcine myocardium has shown many benefits as a cell delivery scaffold for cardiac therapy. However, using full thickness decellularized myocardium as cardiac patch may lead to poor viability and inhomogeneous distribution of delivered cells, due to perfusion limitations. In this study, we explored the feasibility of decellularized porcine myocardial slice (dPMS) to construct a vascularized cardiac patch for cell delivery. Decellularized porcine myocardium was sliced into thin layers (thickness~300 µm). Adipose-derived Stem cells (ASCs) obtained from rat and pig were seeded on dPMS. The viability, infiltration, and differentiation of seeded ASCs were examined. The mechanical properties of dPMSs of various thickness and native myocardium were tested. We noticed dPMS supported attachment and growth of rat and pig ASCs. Both rat and pig ASCs showed high viability, similar patterns of proliferation and infiltration within dPMS. Rat ASCs showed expression of early-endothelial markers followed by mature-endothelial marker without any additional inducers on dPMS. Using rat myocardial infarction model, we delivered ASCs using dPMS patched to the infarcted myocardium. After 1 week, a higher number of transplanted cells were present in the infarcted area when cells were delivered using dPMS versus direct injection. Compared with MI group, increased vascular formation was also observed.
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Potential Risks Related to Modulating Interleukin-13 and Interleukin-4 Signalling: A Systematic Review. Drug Saf 2018; 41:489-509. [PMID: 29411337 PMCID: PMC5938313 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-017-0636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Interleukin-13 and interleukin-4 are type-II cytokines signalling through the shared type II interleukin-4 receptor. As a result of their structural similarity, interleukin-13 and interleukin-4 have overlapping functions in the mediation of type-II-driven diseases and are, therefore, promising targets of biologic drugs currently in development for the treatment of such diseases, including asthma and atopic dermatitis. Objective This systematic review was conducted to assess preclinical evidence of potential safety concerns related to blockade of interleukin-13 alone or interleukin-13 and interleukin-4 in combination. Methods We specifically examined risks related to infection, malignancy and the cardiovascular system. We systematically searched the BIOSIS, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to identify preclinical studies published between January 2006 and October 2016 that addressed the effects of interleukin-13/interleukin-4 blockade and modulation on the risk of infection, malignancy and cardiovascular events. To provide a clinical context, we also performed a search for clinical trials targeting the interleukin-13/interleukin-4 pathways. Relevant data from preclinical and clinical trials were abstracted and presented descriptively. Results Aside from expected evidence that inhibition of interleukin-13 and interleukin-4 impaired host responses to helminth infections, we did not identify other preclinical evidence suggesting safety risks relating to infection, malignancy or cardiovascular events. We found no evidence in clinical trials suggesting serious safety concerns, i.e. increased risk for infections, malignancy or cardiovascular events from therapeutic modulation of the interleukin-13 pathway alone or the combined interleukin-13/interleukin-4 pathways. Conclusions Although our findings are reassuring, long-term safety assessments of biologics that target the interleukin-13/interleukin-4 pathways currently in clinical development are needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40264-017-0636-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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35
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Haybar H, Shahrabi S, Deris Zayeri Z, Pezeshki S. Strategies to increase cardioprotection through cardioprotective chemokines in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Int J Cardiol 2018; 269:276-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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DNA damage and tissue repair: What we can learn from planaria. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 87:145-159. [PMID: 29727725 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Faithful renewal of aging and damaged tissues is central to organismal lifespan. Stem cells (SCs) generate the cellular progeny that replenish adult tissues across the body but this task becomes increasingly compromised over time. The age related decline in SC-mediated tissue maintenance is a multifactorial event that commonly affects genome integrity. The presence of DNA damage in SCs that are under continuous demand to divide poses a great risk for age-related disorders such as cancer. However, performing analysis of SCs with genomic instability and the DNA damage response during tissue renewal present significant challenges. Here we introduce an alternative experimental system based on the planaria flatworm Schmidtea mediterranea to address at the organismal level studies intersecting SC-mediated tissue renewal in the presence of genomic instability. Planaria have abundant SCs (neoblasts) that maintain high rates of cellular turnover and a variety of molecular tools have been developed to induce DNA damage and dissect how neoblasts respond to this stressor. S. mediterranea displays high evolutionary conservation of DNA repair mechanisms and signaling pathways regulating adult SCs. We describe genetically induced-DNA damage models and highlight body-wide signals affecting cellular decisions such as survival, proliferation, and death in the presence of genomic instability. We also discuss transcriptomic changes in the DNA damage response during injury repair and propose DNA repair as key component of tissue regeneration. Additional studies using planaria will provide insights about mechanisms regulating survival and growth of cells with DNA damage during tissue renewal and regeneration.
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Peterson KR, Cottam MA, Kennedy AJ, Hasty AH. Macrophage-Targeted Therapeutics for Metabolic Disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:536-546. [PMID: 29628274 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are cells of the innate immune system that are resident in all tissues, including metabolic organs such as the liver and adipose tissue (AT). Because of their phenotypic flexibility, they play beneficial roles in tissue homeostasis, but they also contribute to the progression of metabolic disease. Thus, they are ideal therapeutic targets for diseases such as insulin resistance (IR), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and atherosclerosis. Recently, discoveries in the area of drug delivery have facilitated phenotype-specific targeting of macrophages. In this review we discuss advances in potential therapeutics for metabolic diseases via macrophage-specific delivery. We highlight micro- and nanoparticles, liposomes, and oligopeptide complexes, and how they can be used to alter macrophage phenotype for a more metabolically favorable tissue environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin R Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Matthew A Cottam
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Arion J Kennedy
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
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38
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Chen C, Cong BL, Wang M, Abdullah M, Wang XL, Zhang YH, Xu SJ, Cui L. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of myocardial damage and cardiac dysfunction in acute coronary syndrome patients. Integr Med Res 2018; 7:192-199. [PMID: 29984180 PMCID: PMC6026362 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood is established to correlate with the morbidity and mortality of heart disease patients. We aimed to define the severity of inflammation (NLR) by observing the association of NLR with cardiac functions or myocardial damage parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods Data from 715 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 72 hours of incidence in 2016 were analysed retrospectively. Results The NLR ranges from 0.50 to 46 (medium ± SD, 2.76 ± 2.96) in 715 patients. NLR positively correlated with myocardial damage (NLR vs. CK-mB: p < 0.0001) but negatively correlated with myocardial function (NLR vs. EF: p < 0.0001; NLR vs. FS: p < 0.0001). Myocardial damage markers (CK, CK-mB, ASL, LDH) were significantly increased, and cardiac contractile parameters (EF and FS) were reduced at NLR > 2.76 compared to those of NLR < 2.76. ELISA analysis has shown that IL-10 was significantly increased when NLR ≥ 4.6 and TGF-β was increased at NLR > 4. The correlation was diminished between NLR and CK-mB at NLR > 2.76 or at NLR > 4, but that of NLR and EF or FS was maintained in NLR > 2.76 and at NLR > 4. EF and FS were comparable between NLR > 2.76 and NLR > 4. But myocardial damage parameters increased significantly at NLR > 4 compared to those of NLR > 2.76. Conclusion NLR is a strong predictor of myocardial damage in acute myocardial patients. High NLR are associated with myocardial dysfunction in all the patients. Severe inflammation (NLR) can predict the consequence of the heart in patients with coronary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Bai Lin Cong
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | | | - Xiao Long Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Yin Hua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Shun Ji Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Lan Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
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Castellan RFP, Meloni M. Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Cardiac Regeneration: Closing the Age Gap. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:7. [PMID: 29459901 PMCID: PMC5807373 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While a regenerative response is limited in the mammalian adult heart, it has been recently shown that the neonatal mammalian heart possesses a marked but transient capacity for regeneration after cardiac injury, including myocardial infarction. These findings evidence that the mammalian heart still retains a regenerative capacity and highlights the concept that the expression of distinct molecular switches (that activate or inhibit cellular mechanisms regulating tissue development and regeneration) vary during different stages of life, indicating that cardiac regeneration is an age-dependent process. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underpinning regeneration in the neonatal-infarcted heart is crucial to develop new treatments aimed at improving cardiovascular regeneration in the adult. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the pathways and factors that are known to determine cardiac regeneration in the neonatal-infarcted heart. In particular, we will focus on the effects of microRNA manipulation in regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration, as well as on the role of the Hippo signaling pathway and Meis1 in the regenerative response of the neonatal-infarcted heart. We will also briefly comment on the role of macrophages in scar formation of the adult-infarcted heart or their contribution for scar-free regeneration of the neonatal mouse heart after myocardial infarction. Although additional research is needed in order to identify other factors that regulate cardiovascular regeneration, these pathways represent potential therapeutic targets for rejuvenation of aging hearts and for improving regeneration of the adult-infarcted heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael F. P. Castellan
- British Heart Foundation and University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Meloni
- British Heart Foundation and University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Ma Y, Mouton AJ, Lindsey ML. Cardiac macrophage biology in the steady-state heart, the aging heart, and following myocardial infarction. Transl Res 2018; 191:15-28. [PMID: 29106912 PMCID: PMC5846093 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play critical roles in homeostatic maintenance of the myocardium under normal conditions and in tissue repair after injury. In the steady-state heart, resident cardiac macrophages remove senescent and dying cells and facilitate electrical conduction. In the aging heart, the shift in macrophage phenotype to a proinflammatory subtype leads to inflammaging. Following myocardial infarction (MI), macrophages recruited to the infarct produce both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and growth factors), phagocytize dead cells, and promote angiogenesis and scar formation. These diverse properties are attributed to distinct macrophage subtypes and polarization status. Infarct macrophages exhibit a proinflammatory M1 phenotype early and become polarized toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype later post-MI. Although this classification system is oversimplified and needs to be refined to accommodate the multiple different macrophage subtypes that have been recently identified, general concepts on macrophage roles are independent of subtype classification. This review summarizes current knowledge about cardiac macrophage origins, roles, and phenotypes in the steady state, with aging, and after MI, as well as highlights outstanding areas of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ma
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss
| | - Alan J Mouton
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss
| | - Merry L Lindsey
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss; Research Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, Miss.
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41
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Dam N, Hocine HR, Palacios I, DelaRosa O, Menta R, Charron D, Bensussan A, El Costa H, Jabrane-Ferrat N, Dalemans W, Lombardo E, Al-Daccak R. Human Cardiac-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells Fine-Tune Monocyte-Derived Descendants Activities toward Cardiac Repair. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1413. [PMID: 29123530 PMCID: PMC5662627 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac repair following MI relies on a finely regulated immune response involving sequential recruitment of monocytes to the injured tissue. Monocyte-derived cells are also critical for tissue homeostasis and healing process. Our previous findings demonstrated the interaction of T and natural killer cells with allogeneic human cardiac-derived stem/progenitor cells (hCPC) and suggested their beneficial effect in the context of cardiac repair. Therefore, we investigated here whether monocytes and their descendants could be also modulated by allogeneic hCPC toward a repair/anti-inflammatory phenotype. Through experimental in vitro assays, we assessed the impact of allogeneic hCPC on the recruitment, functions and differentiation of monocytes. We found that allogeneic hCPC at steady state or under inflammatory conditions can incite CCL-2/CCR2-dependent recruitment of circulating CD14+CD16− monocytes and fine-tune their activation toward an anti-inflammatory profile. Allogeneic hCPC also promoted CD14+CD16− monocyte polarization into anti-inflammatory/immune-regulatory macrophages with high phagocytic capacity and IL10 secretion. Moreover, hCPC bended the differentiation of CD14+CD16− monocytes to dendritic cells (DCs) toward anti-inflammatory macrophage-like features and impaired their antigen-presenting function in favor of immune-modulation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that allogeneic hCPC could reshape monocytes, macrophages as well as DCs responses by favoring their anti-inflammatory/tolerogenic activation/polarization. Thereby, therapeutic allogeneic hCPC might also contribute to post-infarct myocardial healing by modeling the activities of monocytes and their derived descendants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Dam
- Coretherapix SLU, Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMRS-976, Université Paris-Diderot, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Hocine Rachid Hocine
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMRS-976, Université Paris-Diderot, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Ramón Menta
- Coretherapix SLU, Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dominique Charron
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMRS-976, Université Paris-Diderot, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,HLA et Médecine, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Armand Bensussan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMRS-976, Université Paris-Diderot, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Hicham El Costa
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre of Pathophysiology Toulouse Purpan, INSERM, Université Toulouse III, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Nabila Jabrane-Ferrat
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre of Pathophysiology Toulouse Purpan, INSERM, Université Toulouse III, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Reem Al-Daccak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMRS-976, Université Paris-Diderot, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,HLA et Médecine, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
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Majka M, Sułkowski M, Badyra B, Musiałek P. Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cardiovascular Regeneration: Emerging Research Directions and Clinical Applications. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1859-1867. [PMID: 28836732 PMCID: PMC6430161 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental and early clinical data suggest that, due to several unique properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be more effective than other cell types for diseases that are difficult to treat or untreatable. Owing to their ease of isolation and culture as well as their secretory and immunomodulatory abilities, MSCs are the most promising option in the field of cell-based therapies. Although MSCs from various sources share several common characteristics, they also exhibit several important differences. These variations may reflect, in part, specific regional properties of the niches from which the cells originate. Moreover, morphological and functional features of MSCs are susceptible to variations across isolation protocols and cell culture conditions. These observations suggest that careful preparation of manufacturing protocols will be necessary for the most efficient use of MSCs in future clinical trials. A typical human myocardial infarct involves the loss of approximately 1 billion cardiomyocytes and 2-3 billion other (mostly endothelial) myocardial cells, leading (despite maximized medical therapy) to a significant negative impact on the length and quality of life. Despite more than a decade of intensive research, search for the "best" (safe and maximally effective) cell type to drive myocardial regeneration continues. In this review, we summarize information about the most important features of MSCs and recent discoveries in the field of MSCs research, and describe current data from preclinical and early clinical studies on the use of MSCs in cardiovascular regeneration. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1859-1867.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Majka
- Department of TransplantationJagiellonian University Medical CollegeKrakowPoland
| | - Maciej Sułkowski
- Department of TransplantationJagiellonian University Medical CollegeKrakowPoland
| | - Bogna Badyra
- Department of TransplantationJagiellonian University Medical CollegeKrakowPoland
| | - Piotr Musiałek
- Department of Cardiac & Vascular Diseases, John Paul II HospitalJagiellonian UniversityKrakowPoland
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Cardiac Progenitor Cells and the Interplay with Their Microenvironment. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7471582. [PMID: 29075298 PMCID: PMC5623801 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7471582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment plays a crucial role in the behavior of stem and progenitor cells. In the heart, cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) reside in specific niches, characterized by key components that are altered in response to a myocardial infarction. To date, there is a lack of knowledge on these niches and on the CPC interplay with the niche components. Insight into these complex interactions and into the influence of microenvironmental factors on CPCs can be used to promote the regenerative potential of these cells. In this review, we discuss cardiac resident progenitor cells and their regenerative potential and provide an overview of the interactions of CPCs with the key elements of their niche. We focus on the interaction between CPCs and supporting cells, extracellular matrix, mechanical stimuli, and soluble factors. Finally, we describe novel approaches to modulate the CPC niche that can represent the next step in recreating an optimal CPC microenvironment and thereby improve their regeneration capacity.
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Role of the immune system in cardiac tissue damage and repair following myocardial infarction. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:739-751. [PMID: 28600668 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The immune system plays a crucial role in the initiation, development, and resolution of inflammation following myocardial infarction (MI). The lack of oxygen and nutrients causes the death of cardiomyocytes and leads to the exposure of danger-associated molecular patterns that are recognized by the immune system to initiate inflammation. RESULTS At the initial stage of post-MI inflammation, the immune system further damages cardiac tissue to clear cell debris. The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by immune cells and the inability of the anti-oxidant system to neutralize ROS cause oxidative stress that further aggravates inflammation. On the other hand, the cells of both innate and adaptive immune system and their secreted factors are critically instrumental in the very dynamic and complex processes of regulating inflammation and mediating cardiac repair. CONCLUSIONS It is important to decipher the balance between detrimental and beneficial effects of the immune system in MI. This enables us to identify better therapeutic targets for reducing the infarct size, sustaining the cardiac function, and minimizing the likelihood of heart failure. This review discusses the role of both innate and adaptive immune systems in cardiac tissue damage and repair in experimental models of MI.
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