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Casado-Barragán F, Lazcano-Páez G, Larenas PE, Aguirre-Delgadillo M, Olivares-Aravena F, Witto-Oyarce D, Núñez-Allimant C, Silva K, Nguyen QM, Cárdenas P, Kassan M, Gonzalez AA. Increased Renal Medullary NOX-4 in Female but Not Male Mice during the Early Phase of Type 1 Diabetes: Potential Role of ROS in Upregulation of TGF-β1 and Fibronectin in Collecting Duct Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030729. [PMID: 36978977 PMCID: PMC10045926 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to kidney damage associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), proteinuria, and tubular damage. Altered protein expression levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), fibronectin, and renal NADPH oxidase (NOX-4) are associated with the profibrotic phenotype in renal tubular cells. NOX-4 is one of the primary sources of ROS in the diabetic kidney and responsible for the induction of profibrotic factors in collecting duct (CD) cells. The renal medulla is predominantly composed of CDs; in DM, these CD cells are exposed to high glucose (HG) load. Currently there is no published literature describing the expression of these markers in the renal medulla in male and female mice during the early phase of DM, or the role of NOX-4-induced ROS. Our aim was to evaluate changes in transcripts and protein abundances of TGF-β1, fibronectin, and NOX-4 along with ROS levels in renal medullary tissues from male and female mice during a short period of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 DM and the effect of HG in cultured CD cells. CF-1 mice were injected with or without a single dose of STZ (200 mg/kg) and euthanized at day 6. STZ females showed higher expression of fibronectin and TGF-β1 when compared to control mice of either gender. Interestingly, STZ female mice showed a >30-fold increase on mRNA levels and a 3-fold increase in protein levels of kidney medullary NOX-4. Both male and female STZ mice showed increased intrarenal ROS. In primary cultures of inner medullary CD cells exposed to HG over 48 h, the expression of TGF-β1, fibronectin, and NOX-4 were augmented. M-1 CD cells exposed to HG showed increased ROS, fibronectin, and TGF-β1; this effect was prevented by NOX-4 inhibition. Our data suggest that at as early as 6 days of STZ-induced DM, the expression of profibrotic markers TGF-β1 and fibronectin increases in renal medullary CD cells. Antioxidants mechanisms in male and female in renal medullary tissues seems to be differentially regulated by the actions of NOX-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Casado-Barragán
- Institute of Chemisry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2950, Chile
| | - Geraldine Lazcano-Páez
- Institute of Chemisry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2950, Chile
| | - Paulina E. Larenas
- Institute of Chemisry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2950, Chile
| | | | | | - Daniela Witto-Oyarce
- Institute of Chemisry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2950, Chile
| | - Camila Núñez-Allimant
- Institute of Chemisry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2950, Chile
| | - Katherin Silva
- Institute of Chemisry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2950, Chile
| | - Quynh My Nguyen
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pilar Cárdenas
- Institute of Chemisry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2950, Chile
| | - Modar Kassan
- College of Dental Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37917, USA
| | - Alexis A. Gonzalez
- Institute of Chemisry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2950, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Heneghan JF, Majmundar AJ, Rivera A, Wohlgemuth JG, Dlott JS, Snyder LM, Hildebrandt F, Alper SL. Activation of 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1 (OXGR1) by α-ketoglutarate (αKG) does not detectably stimulate Pendrin-mediated anion exchange in Xenopus oocytes. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15362. [PMID: 35851763 PMCID: PMC9294391 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
SLC26A4/Pendrin is the major electroneutral Cl- /HCO3- exchanger of the apical membrane of the Type B intercalated cell (IC) of the connecting segment (CNT) and cortical collecting duct (CCD). Pendrin mediates both base secretion in response to systemic base load and Cl- reabsorption in response to systemic volume depletion, manifested as decreased nephron salt and water delivery to the distal nephron. Pendrin-mediated Cl- /HCO3- exchange in the apical membrane is upregulated through stimulation of the β-IC apical membrane G protein-coupled receptor, 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1 (OXGR1/GPR99), by its ligand α-ketoglutarate (αKG). αKG is both filtered by the glomerulus and lumenally secreted by proximal tubule apical membrane organic anion transporters (OATs). OXGR1-mediated regulation of Pendrin by αKG has been documented in transgenic mice and in isolated perfused CCD. However, aspects of the OXGR1 signaling pathway have remained little investigated since its original discovery in lymphocytes. Moreover, no ex vivo cellular system has been reported in which to study the OXGR1 signaling pathway of Type B-IC, a cell type refractory to survival in culture in its differentiated state. As Xenopus oocytes express robust heterologous Pendrin activity, we investigated OXGR1 regulation of Pendrin in oocytes. Despite functional expression of OXGR1 in oocytes, co-expression of Pendrin and OXGR1 failed to exhibit αKG-sensitive stimulation of Pendrin-mediated Cl- /anion exchange under a wide range of conditions. We conclude that Xenopus oocytes lack one or more essential molecular components or physical conditions required for OXGR1 to regulate Pendrin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. Heneghan
- Division of NephrologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Amar J. Majmundar
- Division of NephrologyBoston Children's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alicia Rivera
- Division of NephrologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | | | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Division of NephrologyBoston Children's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of GeneticsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Seth L. Alper
- Division of NephrologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Strassheim D, Sullivan T, Irwin DC, Gerasimovskaya E, Lahm T, Klemm DJ, Dempsey EC, Stenmark KR, Karoor V. Metabolite G-Protein Coupled Receptors in Cardio-Metabolic Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:3347. [PMID: 34943862 PMCID: PMC8699532 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have originally been described as a family of receptors activated by hormones, neurotransmitters, and other mediators. However, in recent years GPCRs have shown to bind endogenous metabolites, which serve functions other than as signaling mediators. These receptors respond to fatty acids, mono- and disaccharides, amino acids, or various intermediates and products of metabolism, including ketone bodies, lactate, succinate, or bile acids. Given that many of these metabolic processes are dysregulated under pathological conditions, including diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity, receptors of endogenous metabolites have also been recognized as potential drug targets to prevent and/or treat metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. This review describes G protein-coupled receptors activated by endogenous metabolites and summarizes their physiological, pathophysiological, and potential pharmacological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Strassheim
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (D.S.); (T.S.); (D.C.I.); (E.G.); (D.J.K.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Timothy Sullivan
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (D.S.); (T.S.); (D.C.I.); (E.G.); (D.J.K.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
| | - David C. Irwin
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (D.S.); (T.S.); (D.C.I.); (E.G.); (D.J.K.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Evgenia Gerasimovskaya
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (D.S.); (T.S.); (D.C.I.); (E.G.); (D.J.K.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Tim Lahm
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health Denver, Denver, CO 80206, USA;
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dwight J. Klemm
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (D.S.); (T.S.); (D.C.I.); (E.G.); (D.J.K.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Edward C. Dempsey
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (D.S.); (T.S.); (D.C.I.); (E.G.); (D.J.K.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kurt R. Stenmark
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (D.S.); (T.S.); (D.C.I.); (E.G.); (D.J.K.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Vijaya Karoor
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA; (D.S.); (T.S.); (D.C.I.); (E.G.); (D.J.K.); (E.C.D.); (K.R.S.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health Denver, Denver, CO 80206, USA;
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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