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Alvord VM, Pendergast JS. The Estrous Cycle Coordinates the Circadian Rhythm of Eating Behavior in Mice. J Biol Rhythms 2024; 39:413-422. [PMID: 39082411 DOI: 10.1177/07487304241262356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The estrous cycle regulates rhythms of locomotor activity, body temperature, and circadian gene expression. In female mice, activity increases on the night of proestrus, when elevated estrogens cause ovulation. Exogenous estradiol regulates eating behavior rhythms in female mice fed a high-fat diet, but it is unknown whether endogenous estrogens regulate eating rhythms. In this study, we investigated whether diurnal and circadian eating behavior rhythms change systematically across the estrous cycle. We first studied diurnal eating behavior rhythms in female C57BL/6J mice in 12L:12D. Estrous cycle stages were determined by vaginal cytology while eating behavior and wheel revolutions were continuously measured. The mice had regular 4- to 5-day estrous cycles. Consistent with prior studies, the greatest number of wheel revolutions occurred on the night of proestrus into estrus when systemic levels of estrogens peak. The amplitude, or robustness, of the eating behavior rhythm also fluctuated with 4- to 5-day cycles and peaked primarily during proestrus or estrus. The phases of eating behavior rhythms fluctuated, but not at 4- or 5-day intervals, and phases did not correlate with estrous cycle stages. After ovariectomy, the eating behavior rhythm amplitude fluctuated at irregular intervals. In constant darkness, the amplitude of the circadian eating behavior rhythm peaked every 4 or 5 days and coincided with the circadian day that had the greatest number of wheel revolutions, a marker of proestrus. These data suggest that fluctuations of ovarian hormones across the estrous cycle temporally organize the robustness of circadian eating behavior rhythms so that it peaks during ovulation and sexual receptivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M Alvord
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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2
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Ye Z, Huang K, Dai X, Gao D, Gu Y, Qian J, Zhang F, Zhai Q. Light-phase time-restricted feeding disrupts the muscle clock and insulin sensitivity yet potentially induces muscle fiber remodeling in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37475. [PMID: 39328525 PMCID: PMC11425116 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a critical role in regulating systemic metabolic homeostasis. It has been demonstrated that time-restricted feeding (TRF) during the rest phase can desynchronize the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and peripheral clocks, thereby increasing the risk of metabolic diseases. However, the impact of dietary timing on the muscle clock and health remains poorly understood. Here, through the analysis of cycling genes and differentially expressed genes in the skeletal muscle transcriptome, we identified disruptions in muscle diurnal rhythms by 2 weeks of light-phase TRF. Furthermore, compared with ad libitum (AL) feeding mice, 2 weeks of light-phase TRF was found to induce insulin resistance, muscle fiber type remodeling, and changes in the expression of muscle growth-related genes, while both light-phase and dark-phase TRF having a limited impact on bone quality relative to AL mice. In summary, our research reveals that the disruption of the skeletal muscle clock may contribute to the abnormal metabolic phenotype resulting from feeding restricted to the inactive period. Additionally, our study provides a comprehensive omics atlas of the diurnal rhythms in skeletal muscle regulated by dietary timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Ye
- Division of Spine Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xueqin Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dandan Gao
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Division of Spine Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- The Joint Innovation Center for Engineering in Medicine, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Qiaocheng Zhai
- Division of Spine Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
- The Joint Innovation Center for Engineering in Medicine, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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3
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Wang R, Liao Y, Deng Y, Shuang R. Unraveling the Health Benefits and Mechanisms of Time-Restricted Feeding: Beyond Caloric Restriction. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae074. [PMID: 38954563 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a lifestyle intervention that aims to maintain a consistent daily cycle of feeding and fasting to support robust circadian rhythms. Recently, it has gained scientific, medical, and public attention due to its potential to enhance body composition, extend lifespan, and improve overall health, as well as induce autophagy and alleviate symptoms of diseases like cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and ischemic injury. However, there is still considerable debate on the primary factors that contribute to the health benefits of TRF. Despite not imposing strict limitations on calorie intake, TRF consistently led to reductions in calorie intake. Therefore, while some studies suggest that the health benefits of TRF are primarily due to caloric restriction (CR), others argue that the key advantages of TRF arise not only from CR but also from factors like the duration of fasting, the timing of the feeding period, and alignment with circadian rhythms. To elucidate the roles and mechanisms of TRF beyond CR, this review incorporates TRF studies that did not use CR, as well as TRF studies with equivalent energy intake to CR, which addresses the previous lack of comprehensive research on TRF without CR and provides a framework for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhan Wang
- Department of Nutrition Hygiene and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Yuxiao Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Nutrition Hygiene and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Rong Shuang
- Department of Nutrition Hygiene and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 43000, China
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Yu HT, Xu WH, Gong JY, Chen YF, He Y, Chen ST, Wu YY, Liu GL, Zhang HY, Xie L. Effect of high-fat diet on the fatty acid profiles of brain in offspring mice exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:849-858. [PMID: 38341506 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fatty acids play a critical role in the proper functioning of the brain. This study investigated the effects of a high-fat (HF) diet on brain fatty acid profiles of offspring exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS Insulin receptor antagonist (S961) and HF diet were used to establish the GDM animal model. Brain fatty acid profiles of the offspring mice were measured by gas chromatography at weaning and adulthood. Protein expressions of the fatty acid transport pathway Wnt3/β-catenin and the target protein major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 2a (MFSD2a) were measured in the offspring brain by Western blot. RESULTS Maternal GDM increased the body weight of male offspring (P < 0.05). In weaning offspring, factorial analysis showed that maternal GDM increased the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) percentage of the weaning offspring's brain (P < 0.05). Maternal GDM decreased offspring brain arachidonic acid (AA), but HF diet increased brain linoleic acid (LA) (P < 0.05). Maternal GDM and HF diet reduced offspring brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the male offspring had higher DHA than the female offspring (P < 0.05). In adult offspring, factorial analysis showed that HF diet increased brain MUFA in offspring, and male offspring had higher brain MUFA than female offspring (P < 0.05). The HF diet increased brain LA in the offspring. Male offspring had higher level of AA than female offspring (P < 0.05). HF diet reduced DHA in the brains of female offspring. The brain protein expression of β-catenin and MFSD2a in both weaning and adult female offspring was lower in the HF + GDM group than in the CON group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Maternal GDM increased the susceptibility of male offspring to HF diet-induced obesity. HF diet-induced adverse brain fatty acid profiles in both male and female offspring exposed to GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wen-Hui Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jia-Yu Gong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yi-Fei Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Shu-Tong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yan-Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Guo-Liang Liu
- Experimental Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhang
- Experimental Teaching Center for Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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5
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Clarke GS, Vincent AD, Ladyman SR, Gatford KL, Page AJ. Circadian patterns of behaviour change during pregnancy in mice. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38477893 DOI: 10.1113/jp285553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Food intake and activity adapt during pregnancy to meet the increased energy demands. In comparison to non-pregnant females, pregnant mice consume more food, eating larger meals during the light phase, and reduce physical activity. How pregnancy changes the circadian timing of behaviour was less clear. We therefore randomised female C57BL/6J mice to mating for study until early (n = 10), mid- (n = 10) or late pregnancy (n = 11) or as age-matched, non-pregnant controls (n = 12). Mice were housed individually in Promethion cages with a 12 h light-12 h dark cycle [lights on at 07.00 h, Zeitgeber (ZT)0] for behavioural analysis. Food intake between ZT10 and ZT11 was greater in pregnant than non-pregnant mice on days 6.5-12.5 and 12.5-17.5. In mice that exhibited a peak in the last 4 h of the light phase (ZT8-ZT12), peaks were delayed by 1.6 h in the pregnant compared with the non-pregnant group. Food intake immediately after dark-phase onset (ZT13-ZT14) was greater in the pregnant than non-pregnant group during days 12.5-17.5. Water intake patterns corresponded to food intake. From days 0.5-6.5 onwards, the pregnant group moved less during the dark phase, with decreased probability of being awake, in comparison to the non-pregnant group. The onset of dark-phase activity, peaks in activity, and wakefulness were all delayed during pregnancy. In conclusion, increased food intake during pregnancy reflects increased amplitude of eating behaviour, without longer duration. Decreases in activity also contribute to positive energy balance in pregnancy, with delays to all measured behaviours evident from mid-pregnancy onwards. KEY POINTS: Circadian rhythms synchronise daily behaviours including eating, drinking and sleep, but how these change in pregnancy is unclear. Food intake increased, with delays in peaks of food intake behaviour late in the light phase from days 6.5 to 12.5 of pregnancy, in comparison to the non-pregnant group. The onset of activity after lights off (dark phase) was delayed in pregnant compared with non-pregnant mice. Activity decreased by ∼70% in the pregnant group, particularly in the dark (active) phase, with delays in peaks of wakefulness evident from days 0.5-6.5 of pregnancy onwards. These behavioural changes contribute to positive energy balance during pregnancy. Delays in circadian behaviours during mouse pregnancy were time period and pregnancy stage specific, implying different regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia S Clarke
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew D Vincent
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health & Wellbeing, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon R Ladyman
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn L Gatford
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda J Page
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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6
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Delbès AS, Quiñones M, Gobet C, Castel J, Denis RGP, Berthelet J, Weger BD, Challet E, Charpagne A, Metairon S, Piccand J, Kraus M, Rohde BH, Bial J, Wilson EM, Vedin LL, Minniti ME, Pedrelli M, Parini P, Gachon F, Luquet S. Mice with humanized livers reveal the role of hepatocyte clocks in rhythmic behavior. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf2982. [PMID: 37196091 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf2982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The synchronization of circadian clock depends on a central pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. However, the potential feedback of peripheral signals on the central clock remains poorly characterized. To explore whether peripheral organ circadian clocks may affect the central pacemaker, we used a chimeric model in which mouse hepatocytes were replaced by human hepatocytes. Liver humanization led to reprogrammed diurnal gene expression and advanced the phase of the liver circadian clock that extended to muscle and the entire rhythmic physiology. Similar to clock-deficient mice, liver-humanized mice shifted their rhythmic physiology more rapidly to the light phase under day feeding. Our results indicate that hepatocyte clocks can affect the central pacemaker and offer potential perspectives to apprehend pathologies associated with altered circadian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Delbès
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Mar Quiñones
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cédric Gobet
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Julien Castel
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël G P Denis
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France
| | - Jérémy Berthelet
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité Epigenetique et Destin Cellulaire, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Benjamin D Weger
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Etienne Challet
- Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Aline Charpagne
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Metairon
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julie Piccand
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marine Kraus
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bettina H Rohde
- Eurofins Genomics Europe Sequencing GmbH, European Genome and Diagnostics Centre, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | | | - Lise-Lotte Vedin
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Medicine and department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mirko E Minniti
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Medicine and department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Matteo Pedrelli
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Medicine and department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
- Medical Unit Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Parini
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Medicine and department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
- Medical Unit Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frédéric Gachon
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Serge Luquet
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
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7
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Anderson ST, Meng H, Brooks TG, Tang SY, Lordan R, Sengupta A, Nayak S, Mřela A, Sarantopoulou D, Lahens NF, Weljie A, Grant GR, Bushman FD, FitzGerald GA. Sexual dimorphism in the response to chronic circadian misalignment on a high-fat diet. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabo2022. [PMID: 37196066 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies associate shiftwork with cardiometabolic disorders but do not establish causation or elucidate mechanisms of disease. We developed a mouse model based on shiftwork schedules to study circadian misalignment in both sexes. Behavioral and transcriptional rhythmicity were preserved in female mice despite exposure to misalignment. Females were protected from the cardiometabolic impact of circadian misalignment on a high-fat diet seen in males. The liver transcriptome and proteome revealed discordant pathway perturbations between the sexes. Tissue-level changes were accompanied by gut microbiome dysbiosis only in male mice, biasing toward increased potential for diabetogenic branched chain amino acid production. Antibiotic ablation of the gut microbiota diminished the impact of misalignment. In the United Kingdom Biobank, females showed stronger circadian rhythmicity in activity and a lower incidence of metabolic syndrome than males among job-matched shiftworkers. Thus, we show that female mice are more resilient than males to chronic circadian misalignment and that these differences are conserved in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seán T Anderson
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hu Meng
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Thomas G Brooks
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Soon Yew Tang
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ronan Lordan
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Arjun Sengupta
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Soumyashant Nayak
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Antonijo Mřela
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dimitra Sarantopoulou
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicholas F Lahens
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aalim Weljie
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gregory R Grant
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Frederic D Bushman
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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8
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Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Furtado A, Esgalhado AJ, Duarte AC, Costa AR, Costa-Brito AR, Carro E, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Schwerk C, Gonçalves I, Arosa FA, Santos CRA, Quintela T. Circadian rhythmicity of amyloid-beta-related molecules is disrupted in the choroid plexus of a female Alzheimer's disease mouse model. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:524-540. [PMID: 36583371 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The choroid plexus (CP) is part of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) and was recently described as an important component of the circadian clock system. It is the principal source of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and responsible for the synthesis and secretion of various neuroprotective peptides including those involved in amyloid-β (Aβ) transport/degradation, contributing to Aβ homeostasis. Inadequate Aβ metabolic clearance and transport across the BCSFB have been associated with circadian dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. To investigate whether AD pathology influences Aβ scavengers circadian expression, we collected CP at different time points from an AD mouse model (APP/PS1) (female and male animals, aged 6- and 12-months-old) and analyzed their mRNA expression by Real-time RT-PCR. Only angiotensin-converting enzyme (Ace) expression in 6-month-old female wild-type mice and transthyretin (Ttr) expression in 12-month-old female wild-type mice presented significant rhythmicity. The circadian rhythmicity of Ace and Ttr, prompt us to analyze the involvement of circadian rhythm in Aβ uptake. A human CP papilloma (HIBCPP) cell line was incubated with Aβ-488 and uptake was evaluated at different time points using flow cytometry. Aβ uptake displayed circadian rhythmicity. Our results suggest that AD might affect Aβ scavengers rhythmicity and that Aβ clearance is a rhythmic process possibly regulated by the rhythmic expression of Aβ scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Furtado
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - André J Esgalhado
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana C Duarte
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,UDI-IPG- Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ana R Costa
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana R Costa-Brito
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Eva Carro
- Networked Biomedical Research Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Childrens Hospital, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Childrens Hospital, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Fernando A Arosa
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cecília R A Santos
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,UDI-IPG- Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
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10
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Chalfant JM, Howatt DA, Johnson VB, Tannock LR, Daugherty A, Pendergast JS. Chronic environmental circadian disruption increases atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia in female, but not male, ApolipoproteinE-deficient mice. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1167858. [PMID: 37064902 PMCID: PMC10090465 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1167858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Shift work chronically disrupts circadian rhythms and increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms linking shift work and cardiovascular disease are largely unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of chronically shifting the light-dark (LD) cycle, which models the disordered exposure to light that may occur during shift work, on atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the progressive accumulation of lipid-filled lesions within the artery wall and is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. We studied ApolipoproteinE-deficient (ApoE -/- ) mice that are a well-established model of atherosclerosis. Male and female ApoE -/- mice were housed in control 12L:12D or chronic LD shift conditions for 12 weeks and fed low-fat diet. In the chronic LD shift condition, the light-dark cycle was advanced by 6 h every week. We found that chronic LD shifts exacerbated atherosclerosis in female, but not male, ApoE -/- mice. In females, chronic LD shifts increased total serum cholesterol concentrations with increased atherogenic VLDL/LDL particles. Chronic LD shifts did not affect food intake, activity, or body weight in male or female ApoE -/- mice. We also examined eating behavior in female ApoE -/- mice since aberrant meal timing has been linked to atherosclerosis. The phases of eating behavior rhythms, like locomotor activity rhythms, gradually shifted to the new LD cycle each week in the chronic LD shift group, but there was no effect of the LD shift on the amplitudes of the eating rhythms. Moreover, the duration of fasting intervals was not different in control 12L:12D compared to chronic LD shift conditions. Together these data demonstrate that female ApoE -/- mice have increased atherosclerosis when exposed to chronic LD shifts due to increased VLDL/LDL cholesterol, independent of changes in energy balance or feeding-fasting cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M. Chalfant
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Deborah A. Howatt
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | | | - Lisa R. Tannock
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Julie S. Pendergast
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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11
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In Het Panhuis W, Schönke M, Siebeler R, Banen D, Pronk ACM, Streefland TCM, Afkir S, Sips HCM, Kroon J, Rensen PCN, Kooijman S. Circadian disruption impairs glucose homeostasis in male but not in female mice and is dependent on gonadal sex hormones. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22772. [PMID: 36645117 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201586r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Circadian disruption (CD) is the consequence of a mismatch between endogenous circadian rhythms and behavior, and frequently occurs in shift workers. CD has often been linked to impairment of glucose and lipid homeostasis. It is, however, unknown if these effects are sex dependent. Here, we subjected male and female C57BL/6J mice to 6-h light phase advancements every 3 days to induce CD and assessed glucose and lipid homeostasis. Within this model, we studied the involvement of gonadal sex hormones by injecting mice with gonadotropin-releasing hormone-antagonist degarelix. We demonstrate that CD has sex-specific effects on glucose homeostasis, as CD elevated fasting insulin levels in male mice while increasing fasting glucose levels in female mice, which appeared to be independent of behavior, food intake, and energy expenditure. Absence of gonadal sex hormones lowered plasma insulin levels in male mice subjected to CD while it delayed glucose clearance in female mice subjected to CD. CD elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) levels and delayed plasma clearance of TG-rich lipoproteins in both sexes, coinciding with reduced TG-derived FA uptake by adipose tissues. Absence of gonadal sex hormones did not notably alter the effects of CD on lipid metabolism. We conclude that CD causes sex-dependent effects on glucose metabolism, as aggravated by male gonadal sex hormones and partly rescued by female gonadal sex hormones. Future studies on CD should consider the inclusion of both sexes, which may eventually contribute to personalized advice for shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wietse In Het Panhuis
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Milena Schönke
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ricky Siebeler
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dorien Banen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Amanda C M Pronk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Trea C M Streefland
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Salwa Afkir
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hetty C M Sips
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Kroon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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12
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Murray A, Tharmalingam S, Khurana S, Lalonde C, Nguyen P, Tai TC. Effect of Prenatal Glucocorticoid Exposure on Circadian Rhythm Gene Expression in the Brains of Adult Rat Offspring. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101613. [PMID: 35626652 PMCID: PMC9139626 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks control many vital aspects of physiology from the sleep-wake cycle to metabolism. The circadian clock operates through transcriptional-translational feedback loops. The normal circadian signaling relies on a ‘master clock’, located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which synchronizes peripheral oscillators. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling has the ability to reset the phase of peripheral clocks. It has been shown that maternal exposure to glucocorticoids (GCs) can lead to modification of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function, impact stress-related behaviors, and result in a hypertensive state via GR activation. We previously demonstrated altered circadian rhythm signaling in the adrenal glands of offspring exposed to the synthetic GC, dexamethasone (Dex). Results from the current study show that prenatal exposure to Dex affects circadian rhythm gene expression in a brain region-specific and a sex-specific manner within molecular oscillators of the amygdala, hippocampus, paraventricular nucleus, and prefrontal cortex, as well as the main oscillator in the SCN. Results also show that spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) exhibited dysregulated circadian rhythm gene expression in these same brain regions compared with normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), although the pattern of dysregulation was markedly different from that seen in adult offspring prenatally exposed to GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Murray
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (A.M.); (S.T.); (S.K.); (C.L.)
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
| | - Sujeenthar Tharmalingam
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (A.M.); (S.T.); (S.K.); (C.L.)
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Sandhya Khurana
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (A.M.); (S.T.); (S.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Christine Lalonde
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (A.M.); (S.T.); (S.K.); (C.L.)
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Phong Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
| | - T. C. Tai
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (A.M.); (S.T.); (S.K.); (C.L.)
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-705-662-7239
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13
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Acosta-Rodríguez V, Rijo-Ferreira F, Izumo M, Xu P, Wight-Carter M, Green CB, Takahashi JS. Circadian alignment of early onset caloric restriction promotes longevity in male C57BL/6J mice. Science 2022; 376:1192-1202. [PMID: 35511946 PMCID: PMC9262309 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) prolongs lifespan, yet the mechanisms by which it does so remain poorly understood. Under CR, mice self-impose chronic cycles of 2-hour-feeding and 22-hour-fasting, raising the question whether calories, fasting, or time of day are causal. We show that 30%-CR is sufficient to extend lifespan 10%; however, a daily fasting interval and circadian-alignment of feeding act together to extend lifespan 35% in male C57BL/6J mice. These effects are independent of body weight. Aging induces widespread increases in gene expression associated with inflammation and decreases in expression of genes encoding components of metabolic pathways in liver from ad lib fed mice. CR at night ameliorates these aging-related changes. Thus, circadian interventions promote longevity and provide a perspective to further explore mechanisms of aging. Timed caloric restriction at night enhances longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Acosta-Rodríguez
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Filipa Rijo-Ferreira
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mariko Izumo
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pin Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mary Wight-Carter
- Animal Resources Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Carla B Green
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joseph S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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14
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Lee JH, Moon E, Park J, Oh CE, Hong YR, Yoon M. Optimization of Analysis of Circadian Rest-Activity Rhythm Using Cosinor Analysis in Mice. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:380-385. [PMID: 35620823 PMCID: PMC9136527 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data processing in analysis of circadian rhythm was performed in various ways. However, there was a lack of evidence for the optimal analysis of circadian rest-activity rhythm. Therefore, we aimed to perform mathematical simulations of data processing to investigate proper evidence for the optimal analysis of circadian rest-activity rhythm. METHODS Locomotor activities of 20 ICR male mice were measured by infrared motion detectors. The data of locomotor activities was processed using data summation, data average, and data moving average methods for cosinor analysis. Circadian indices were estimated according to time block, respectively. Also, statistical F and p-values were calculated by zero-amplitude test. RESULTS The data moving average result showed well-fitted cosine curves independent of data processing time. Meanwhile, the amplitude, MESOR, and acrophase were properly estimated within 800 seconds in data summation and data average methods. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that data moving average would be an optimal method for data processing in a cosinor analysis and data average within 800-second data processing time might be adaptable. The results of this study can be helpful to analyze circadian restactivity rhythms and integrate the results of the studies using different data processing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Moon
- Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Eun Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Rha Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Yoon
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Pukyung National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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15
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Insulin-like Growth Factor I Couples Metabolism with Circadian Activity through Hypo-Thalamic Orexin Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094679. [PMID: 35563069 PMCID: PMC9101627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling of metabolism and circadian activity is associated with an increased risk of a wide spectrum of pathologies. Recently, insulin and the closely related insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) were shown to entrain feeding patterns with circadian rhythms. Both hormones act centrally to modulate peripheral glucose metabolism; however, whereas central targets of insulin actions are intensely scrutinized, those mediating the actions of IGF-I remain less defined. We recently showed that IGF-I targets orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, and now we evaluated whether IGF-I modulates orexin neurons to align circadian rhythms with metabolism. Mice with disrupted IGF-IR activity in orexin neurons (Firoc mice) showed sexually dimorphic alterations in daily glucose rhythms and feeding activity patterns which preceded the appearance of metabolic disturbances. Thus, Firoc males developed hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance, while females developed obesity. Since IGF-I directly modulates orexin levels and hepatic expression of KLF genes involved in circadian and metabolic entrainment in an orexin-dependent manner, it seems that IGF-I entrains metabolism and circadian rhythms by modulating the activity of orexin neurons.
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16
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Vadnie CA, Petersen KA, Eberhardt LA, Hildebrand MA, Cerwensky AJ, Zhang H, Burns JN, Becker-Krail DD, DePoy LM, Logan RW, McClung CA. The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Regulates Anxiety-Like Behavior in Mice. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:765850. [PMID: 35126036 PMCID: PMC8811036 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.765850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals suffering from mood and anxiety disorders often show significant disturbances in sleep and circadian rhythms. Animal studies indicate that circadian rhythm disruption can cause increased depressive- and anxiety-like behavior, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. One potential mechanism to explain how circadian rhythms are contributing to mood and anxiety disorders is through dysregulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, known as the "central pacemaker." To investigate the role of the SCN in regulating depressive- and anxiety-like behavior in mice, we chronically manipulated the neural activity of the SCN using two optogenetic stimulation paradigms. As expected, chronic stimulation of the SCN late in the active phase (circadian time 21, CT21) resulted in a shortened period and dampened amplitude of homecage activity rhythms. We also repeatedly stimulated the SCN at unpredictable times during the active phase of mice when SCN firing rates are normally low. This resulted in dampened, fragmented, and unstable homecage activity rhythms. In both chronic SCN optogenetic stimulation paradigms, dampened homecage activity rhythms (decreased amplitude) were directly correlated with increased measures of anxiety-like behavior. In contrast, we only observed a correlation between behavioral despair and homecage activity amplitude in mice stimulated at CT21. Surprisingly, the change in period of homecage activity rhythms was not directly associated with anxiety- or depressive-like behavior. Finally, to determine if anxiety-like behavior is affected during a single SCN stimulation session, we acutely stimulated the SCN in the active phase (zeitgeber time 14-16, ZT14-16) during behavioral testing. Unexpectedly this also resulted in increased anxiety-like behavior. Taken together, these results indicate that SCN-mediated dampening of rhythms is directly correlated with increased anxiety-like behavior. This work is an important step in understanding how specific SCN neural activity disruptions affect depressive- and anxiety-related behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea A. Vadnie
- Department of Psychology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, United States
| | - Kaitlyn A. Petersen
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lauren A. Eberhardt
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Mariah A. Hildebrand
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Allison J. Cerwensky
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer N. Burns
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Darius D. Becker-Krail
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lauren M. DePoy
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ryan W. Logan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Colleen A. McClung
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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17
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Bilu C, Kronfeld-Schor N, Zimmet P, Einat H. Sex differences in the response to circadian disruption in diurnal sand rats. Chronobiol Int 2021; 39:169-185. [PMID: 34711113 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1989448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Most animal model studies on physiological functions and pathologies are conducted in males. However, diseases such as depression, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease, all show different prevalence and characteristics in females and males. Moreover, most mammal studies are conducted in nocturnal mice and rats, while modelling diurnal humans. We therefore used male and female fat sand rats (Psammomys obesus), which are diurnal in the wild, as an animal model for T2DM, to explore the effects of mild circadian disruption on behavior, glucose tolerance, cholesterol and heart weight. We found significant differences between the sexes: on average, in response to short photoperiods (SP) acclimation, males showed higher levels of depression-like behavior, lower glucose tolerance, and increased plasma cholesterol levels compared with females, with no effect on heart/body weight ratio. Females, however did show an increase in heart/body weight ratio in response to SP acclimation. We also found that regardless of sex, arrhythmic animals showed higher blood glucose levels, cholesterol levels, heart/body weight ratio, and depressive-like behavior compared with rhythmic animals. Hence, we suggest that the expression of the Circadian Syndrome could be different between males and females. Additional work with females is required to clearly delineate the specific effects in both sexes, and promote sex-based health care, prevention measures and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Bilu
- School of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noga Kronfeld-Schor
- School of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paul Zimmet
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Haim Einat
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Tel Aviv-Yaffo Academic College, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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18
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Décarie-Spain L, Hryhorczuk C, Lau D, Jacob-Brassard É, Fisette A, Fulton S. Prolonged saturated, but not monounsaturated, high-fat feeding provokes anxiodepressive-like behaviors in female mice despite similar metabolic consequences. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 16:100324. [PMID: 34589811 PMCID: PMC8474568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity significantly increases the risk for anxiety and depression. Our group has recently demonstrated a role for nucleus accumbens (NAc) pro-inflammatory nuclear factor kappa-B (NFkB) signaling in the development of anxiodepressive-like behaviors by diet-induced obesity in male mice. The NAc is a brain region involved in goal-oriented behavior and mood regulation whose functions are critical to hedonic feeding and motivation. While the incidence of depression and anxiety disorders is significantly higher in women than in men, the use of female animal models in psychiatric research remains limited. We set out to investigate the impact of chronic intake of saturated and monounsaturated high-fat diets (HFD) on energy metabolism and on anxiety- and despair-like behaviors in female mice and to ascertain the contribution of NAc NFkB-mediated inflammation herein. Adult C57Bl6N female mice were fed either a saturated HFD, an isocaloric monounsaturated HFD or a control low-fat diet for 24 weeks, after which metabolic profiling and behavioral testing for anxiodepressive-like behaviors were conducted. Plasma was collected at time of sacrifice for quantification of leptin, inflammatory markers as well as 17 β-estradiol levels and brains were harvested to analyze NAc expression of pro-inflammatory genes and estrogen-signaling molecules. In another group of female mice placed on the saturated HFD or the control diet for 24 weeks, we performed adenoviral-mediated invalidation of the NFkB signaling pathway in the NAc prior to behavioral testing. While both HFDs provoked obesity and metabolic impairments, only the saturated HFD triggered anxiodepressive-like behaviors and caused marked elevations in plasma estrogen. This saturated HFD-specific behavioral phenotype could not be explained by NAc inflammation alone and was unaffected by NAc invalidation of the NFkB signaling pathway. Instead, we found changes in the expression of estrogen signaling markers. Such results diverge from the inflammatory mechanisms underlying diet- and obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction and anxiodepressive-like behavior onset in male mice and call attention to the role of estrogen signaling in diet-related anxiodepressive-like phenotypes in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Décarie-Spain
- Centre de recherche du CHUM & Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Cécile Hryhorczuk
- Centre de recherche du CHUM & Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Canada
| | - David Lau
- Centre de recherche du CHUM & Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Alexandre Fisette
- Centre de recherche du CHUM & Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Stephanie Fulton
- Centre de recherche du CHUM & Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada
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19
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Kern P, Balzer NR, Blank N, Cygon C, Wunderling K, Bender F, Frolov A, Sowa JP, Bonaguro L, Ulas T, Homrich M, Kiermaier E, Thiele C, Schultze JL, Canbay A, Bauer R, Mass E. Creld2 function during unfolded protein response is essential for liver metabolism homeostasis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21939. [PMID: 34549824 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002713rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is associated with hepatic metabolic function, yet it is not well understood how endoplasmic reticulum (ER) disturbance might influence metabolic homeostasis. Here, we describe the physiological function of Cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (Creld2), previously characterized as a downstream target of the ER-stress signal transducer Atf6. To this end, we generated Creld2-deficient mice and induced UPR by injection of tunicamycin. Creld2 augments protein folding and creates an interlink between the UPR axes through its interaction with proteins involved in the cellular stress response. Thereby, Creld2 promotes tolerance to ER stress and recovery from acute stress. Creld2-deficiency leads to a dysregulated UPR and causes the development of hepatic steatosis during ER stress conditions. Moreover, Creld2-dependent enhancement of the UPR assists in the regulation of energy expenditure. Furthermore, we observed a sex dimorphism in human and mouse livers with only male patients showing an accumulation of CRELD2 protein during the progression from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and only male Creld2-deficient mice developing hepatic steatosis upon aging. These results reveal a Creld2 function at the intersection between UPR and metabolic homeostasis and suggest a mechanism in which chronic ER stress underlies fatty liver disease in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kern
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nora R Balzer
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nelli Blank
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelia Cygon
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Wunderling
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franziska Bender
- Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alex Frolov
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Bonaguro
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mirka Homrich
- Immune and Tumor Biology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Kiermaier
- Immune and Tumor Biology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elvira Mass
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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20
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Adlanmerini M, Nguyen HC, Krusen BM, Teng CW, Geisler CE, Peed LC, Carpenter BJ, Hayes MR, Lazar MA. Hypothalamic REV-ERB nuclear receptors control diurnal food intake and leptin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:140424. [PMID: 33021965 DOI: 10.1172/jci140424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity occurs when energy expenditure is outweighed by energy intake. Tuberal hypothalamic nuclei, including the arcuate nucleus (ARC), ventromedial nucleus (VMH), and dorsomedial nucleus (DMH), control food intake and energy expenditure. Here we report that, in contrast with females, male mice lacking circadian nuclear receptors REV-ERBα and -β in the tuberal hypothalamus (HDKO mice) gained excessive weight on an obesogenic high-fat diet due to both decreased energy expenditure and increased food intake during the light phase. Moreover, rebound food intake after fasting was markedly increased in HDKO mice. Integrative transcriptomic and cistromic analyses revealed that such disruption in feeding behavior was due to perturbed REV-ERB-dependent leptin signaling in the ARC. Indeed, in vivo leptin sensitivity was impaired in HDKO mice on an obesogenic diet in a diurnal manner. Thus, REV-ERBs play a crucial role in hypothalamic control of food intake and diurnal leptin sensitivity in diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Adlanmerini
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
| | - Hoang Cb Nguyen
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
| | - Brianna M Krusen
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
| | - Clare W Teng
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
| | - Caroline E Geisler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindsey C Peed
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
| | - Bryce J Carpenter
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
| | - Matthew R Hayes
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
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21
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Haraguchi A, Sato S, Kusano S, Ito K, Yamazaki T, Ryan C, Sekiguchi M, Shibata S. 4’-demethylnobiletin-rich fermented Citrus reticulata (ponkan) attenuated the disturbance in clock gene expression and locomotor activity rhythms caused by high-fat diet feeding. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1968609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Haraguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Sato
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Fuji Sangyo Co., Ltd. Research and Development Center, Marugame, Japan
| | - Kaede Ito
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Conn Ryan
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Mohr AE, Reiss RA, Beaudet M, Sena J, Naik JS, Walker BR, Sweazea KL. Short-term high fat diet alters genes associated with metabolic and vascular dysfunction during adolescence in rats: a pilot study. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11714. [PMID: 34285833 PMCID: PMC8274493 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diet-induced metabolic dysfunction precedes multiple disease states including diabetes, heart disease, and vascular dysfunction. The critical role of the vasculature in disease progression is established, yet the details of how gene expression changes in early cardiovascular disease remain an enigma. The objective of the current pilot project was to evaluate whether a quantitative assessment of gene expression within the aorta of six-week old healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats compared to those exhibiting symptoms of metabolic dysfunction could reveal potential mediators of vascular dysfunction. Methods RNA was extracted from the aorta of eight rats from a larger experiment; four animals fed a high-fat diet (HFD) known to induce symptoms of metabolic dysfunction (hypertension, increased adiposity, fasting hyperglycemia) and four age-matched healthy animals fed a standard chow diet (CHOW). The bioinformatic workflow included Gene Ontology (GO) biological process enrichment and network analyses. Results The resulting network contained genes relevant to physiological processes including fat and protein metabolism, oxygen transport, hormone regulation, vascular regulation, thermoregulation, and circadian rhythm. The majority of differentially regulated genes were downregulated, including several associated with circadian clock function. In contrast, leptin and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (Hmgcs2) were notably upregulated. Leptin is involved in several major energy balance signaling pathways and Hmgcs2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction of ketogenesis. Conclusion Together, these data describe changes in gene expression within the aortic wall of HFD rats with early metabolic dysfunction and highlight potential pathways and signaling intermediates that may impact the development of early vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Mohr
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Rebecca A Reiss
- Biology Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, United States
| | - Monique Beaudet
- Biology Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, United States
| | - Johnny Sena
- National Center for Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM, USA
| | - Jay S Naik
- The Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Benjimen R Walker
- The Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Karen L Sweazea
- College of Health Solutions & School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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23
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Masini D, Plewnia C, Bertho M, Scalbert N, Caggiano V, Fisone G. A Guide to the Generation of a 6-Hydroxydopamine Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease for the Study of Non-Motor Symptoms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060598. [PMID: 34070345 PMCID: PMC8227396 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson’s disease (PD), a large number of symptoms affecting the peripheral and central nervous system precede, develop in parallel to, the cardinal motor symptoms of the disease. The study of these conditions, which are often refractory to and may even be exacerbated by standard dopamine replacement therapies, relies on the availability of appropriate animal models. Previous work in rodents showed that injection of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in discrete brain regions reproduces several non-motor comorbidities commonly associated with PD, including cognitive deficits, depression, anxiety, as well as disruption of olfactory discrimination and circadian rhythm. However, the use of 6-OHDA is frequently associated with significant post-surgical mortality. Here, we describe the generation of a mouse model of PD based on bilateral injection of 6-OHDA in the dorsal striatum. We show that the survival rates of males and females subjected to this lesion differ significantly, with a much higher mortality among males, and provide a protocol of enhanced pre- and post-operative care, which nearly eliminates animal loss. We also briefly discuss the utility of this model for the study of non-motor comorbidities of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Masini
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.M.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (N.S.); (V.C.)
- Department of Neuroscience Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carina Plewnia
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.M.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (N.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Maëlle Bertho
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.M.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (N.S.); (V.C.)
- Department of Neuroscience Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Scalbert
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.M.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (N.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Vittorio Caggiano
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.M.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (N.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.M.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (N.S.); (V.C.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Alvord VM, Kantra EJ, Pendergast JS. Estrogens and the circadian system. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 126:56-65. [PMID: 33975754 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are ~24 h cycles of behavior and physiology that are generated by a network of molecular clocks located in nearly every tissue in the body. In mammals, the circadian system is organized hierarchically such that the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the main circadian clock that receives light information from the eye and entrains to the light-dark cycle. The SCN then coordinates the timing of tissue clocks so internal rhythms are aligned with environmental cycles. Estrogens interact with the circadian system to regulate biological processes. At the molecular level, estrogens and circadian genes interact to regulate gene expression and cell biology. Estrogens also regulate circadian behavior across the estrous cycle. The timing of ovulation during the estrous cycle requires coincident estrogen and SCN signals. Studies using circadian gene reporter mice have also elucidated estrogen regulation of peripheral tissue clocks and metabolic rhythms. This review synthesizes current understanding of the interplay between estrogens and the circadian system, with a focus on female rodents, in regulating molecular, physiological, and behavioral processes.
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25
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Mohr AE, Gumpricht E, Sears DD, Sweazea KL. Recent advances and health implications of dietary fasting regimens on the gut microbiome. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G847-G863. [PMID: 33729005 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00475.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction is a primary dietary intervention demonstrated over many decades in cellular and animal models to modulate aging pathways, positively affect age-associated diseases and, in clinical studies, to promote beneficial health outcomes. Because long-term compliance with daily calorie restriction has proven problematic in humans several intermittent fasting regimens, including alternate day fasting and time-restricted feeding, have evolved revealing similar clinical benefits as calorie restriction. Despite significant research on the cellular and physiological mechanisms contributing to, and responsible for, these observed benefits, relatively little research has investigated the impact of these various fasting protocols on the gut microbiome (GM). Reduced external nutrient supply to the gut may beneficially alter the composition and function of a "fed" gut microflora. Indeed, the prevalent, obesogenic Western diet can promote deleterious changes in the GM, signaling intermediates involved in lipid and glucose metabolism, and immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. This review describes recent preclinical and clinical effects of varying fasting regimens on GM composition and associated physiology. Although the number of preclinical and clinical interventions are limited, significant data thus far suggest fasting interventions impact GM composition and physiology. However, there are considerable heterogeneities of study design, methodological considerations, and practical implications. Ongoing research on the health impact of fasting regimens on GM modulation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Mohr
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona.,Isagenix International LLC, Gilbert, Arizona
| | | | - Dorothy D Sears
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Karen L Sweazea
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
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26
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de Assis LVM, Oster H. The circadian clock and metabolic homeostasis: entangled networks. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4563-4587. [PMID: 33683376 PMCID: PMC8195959 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock exerts an important role in systemic homeostasis as it acts a keeper of time for the organism. The synchrony between the daily challenges imposed by the environment needs to be aligned with biological processes and with the internal circadian clock. In this review, it is provided an in-depth view of the molecular functioning of the circadian molecular clock, how this system is organized, and how central and peripheral clocks communicate with each other. In this sense, we provide an overview of the neuro-hormonal factors controlled by the central clock and how they affect peripheral tissues. We also evaluate signals released by peripheral organs and their effects in the central clock and other brain areas. Additionally, we evaluate a possible communication between peripheral tissues as a novel layer of circadian organization by reviewing recent studies in the literature. In the last section, we analyze how the circadian clock can modulate intracellular and tissue-dependent processes of metabolic organs. Taken altogether, the goal of this review is to provide a systemic and integrative view of the molecular clock function and organization with an emphasis in metabolic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrik Oster
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Institute of Neurobiology, Marie Curie Street, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
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27
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Buckley TN, Omotola O, Archer LA, Rostron CR, Kamineni EP, Llanora JD, Chalfant JM, Lei F, Slade E, Pendergast JS. High-fat feeding disrupts daily eating behavior rhythms in obesity-prone but not in obesity-resistant male inbred mouse strains. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 320:R619-R629. [PMID: 33626995 PMCID: PMC8163612 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00150.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal meal timing, like skipping breakfast and late-night snacking, is associated with obesity in humans. Disruption of daily eating rhythms also contributes to obesity in mice. When fed a high-fat diet, male C57BL/6J mice have disrupted eating behavior rhythms and they become obese. In contrast to obesity-prone C57BL/6J mice, some inbred strains of mice are resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity. In this study, we sought to determine whether there are distinct effects of high-fat feeding on daily eating behavior rhythms in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant male mice. Male obesity-prone (C57BL/6J and 129X1/SvJ) and obesity-resistant (SWR/J and BALB/cJ) mice were fed low-fat diet or high-fat diet for 6 wk. Consistent with previous studies, obesity-prone male mice gained more weight and adiposity during high-fat diet feeding than obesity-resistant male mice. The amplitude of the daily rhythm of eating behavior was markedly attenuated in male obesity-prone mice fed high-fat diet, but not in obesity-resistant males. In contrast, high-fat feeding did not differentially affect locomotor activity rhythms in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant male mice. Together, these data suggest that regulation of the daily rhythm of eating may underlie the propensity to develop diet-induced obesity in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luke A Archer
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | | - Ellora P Kamineni
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Math Science Technology Center, Paul Laurence Dunbar High School, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Josie D Llanora
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | | - Feitong Lei
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Emily Slade
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Julie S Pendergast
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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28
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Lenert ME, Chaparro MM, Burton MD. Homeostatic Regulation of Estrus Cycle of Young Female Mice on Western Diet. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvab010. [PMID: 33733019 PMCID: PMC7947973 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of reproductive disorders correlates with weight gain in patients, but the link between reproduction, diet, and weight has been difficult to translate in rodents. As rates of childhood obesity and reproductive disorders increase, the need to study the effects of weight and diet on adolescent females is key. Previous studies show that female mice are resistant to high-fat diet-induced weight gain, but the mechanisms are unclear. Literature also suggests that ovarian function is essential to resistance in weight gain, as an ovariectomy leads to a weight-gaining phenotype similar to male mice on a high-fat diet. However, reproductive changes that occur in adolescent mice on high-fat diet have not been assessed. Here, we show that regulation of the estrus cycle via progesterone is critical to metabolic homeostasis in female mice on a high-fat diet. Female mice were put on high-fat diet or control diet for 12 weeks starting at 4 weeks of age. Every 4 weeks, their estrus cycle was tracked and fasting glucose was measured. We found that after 4 weeks on high-fat diet, there was no difference in weight between groups, but an increase in time spent in proestrus and estrus in mice on high-fat diet and an increase in serum progesterone during proestrus. These results show that intact females modulate their estrus cycle in response to a high-fat diet as a mechanism of homeostatic regulation of body weight, protecting them from metabolic abnormalities. Understanding the mechanisms behind this protection may yield therapeutic opportunities for treatment of reproductive disorders in adolescent female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Lenert
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Micaela M Chaparro
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Michael D Burton
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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Faber CL, Deem JD, Phan BA, Doan TP, Ogimoto K, Mirzadeh Z, Schwartz MW, Morton GJ. Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus regulate diurnal patterns of feeding, locomotion, and metabolism. eLife 2021; 10:63671. [PMID: 33527893 PMCID: PMC7880681 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain plays an essential role in driving daily rhythms of behavior and metabolism in harmony with environmental light-dark cycles. Within the brain, the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) has been implicated in the integrative circadian control of feeding and energy homeostasis, but the underlying cell types are unknown. Here, we identify a role for DMH leptin receptor-expressing (DMHLepR) neurons in this integrative control. Using a viral approach, we show that silencing neurotransmission in DMHLepR neurons in adult mice not only increases body weight and adiposity but also phase-advances diurnal rhythms of feeding and metabolism into the light cycle and abolishes the normal increase in dark-cycle locomotor activity characteristic of nocturnal rodents. Finally, DMHLepR-silenced mice fail to entrain to a restrictive change in food availability. Together, these findings identify DMHLepR neurons as critical determinants of the daily time of feeding and associated metabolic rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Faber
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Jennifer D Deem
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Bao Anh Phan
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Tammy P Doan
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Kayoko Ogimoto
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Zaman Mirzadeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixUnited States
| | - Michael W Schwartz
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Gregory J Morton
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
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30
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Michaud JM, Price JC, Deane HV, Concepcion HA, Coronella JA, DeCourcey H, Seggio JA. The effects of ovariectomy on the behavioral and physiological responses to constant light in C57BL6/J Mice. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2020.1842970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie M. Michaud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John C. Price
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hannah V. Deane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Holly A. Concepcion
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason A. Coronella
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Holly DeCourcey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph A. Seggio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts, USA
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31
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Ahluwalia A, Hoa N, Ge L, Blumberg B, Levin ER. Mechanisms by Which Membrane and Nuclear ER Alpha Inhibit Adipogenesis in Cells Isolated From Female Mice. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5911730. [PMID: 32976570 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into mature chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes. Excessive and dysfunctional visceral adipocytes increase upon menopause and importantly contribute to altered metabolism in postmenopausal women. We previously showed both plasma membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) with endogenous estrogen are required to suppress adipogenesis in vivo. Here we determined mechanisms by which these liganded ER pools collaborate to inhibit the peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma (PPARγ) gene and subsequent progenitor differentiation. In 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), membrane ERα signaled through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) to enhance ERα nuclear localization, importantly at the PPARγ gene promoter. AKT also increased overall abundance and recruitment of co-repressors GATA3, β-catenin, and TCF4 to the PPARγ promoter. Membrane ERα signaling additionally enhanced wingless-integrated (Wnt)1 and 10b expression. The components of the repressor complex were required for estrogen to inhibit rosiglitazone-induced differentiation of ADSC and 3T3-L1 cells to mature adipocytes. These mechanisms whereby ER cellular pools collaborate to inhibit gene expression limit progenitor differentiation to mature adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ahluwalia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Neil Hoa
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Lisheng Ge
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ellis R Levin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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32
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Masís-Vargas A, Hicks D, Kalsbeek A, Mendoza J. Blue light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance and increases sugar intake in the diurnal rodent Arvicanthis ansorgei in a sex-dependent manner. Physiol Rep 2020; 7:e14257. [PMID: 31646762 PMCID: PMC6811685 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In our modern society, the exposure to light at night (LAN) has increased considerably, which may impact human health negatively. Especially exposure to light at night containing short wavelength emissions (~450–500 nm) can disrupt the normal function of the biological clock, altering sleep‐wake cycles and inducing metabolic changes. Recently, we reported that light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance in nocturnal rats. However, light at night in nocturnal rodents coincides with their activity period, in contrast to artificial light at night exposure in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of blue (λ = 490 ± 20 nm) artificial light at night (bALAN) on glucose metabolism and food intake in both male and female diurnal Sudanian grass rats (Arvicanthis ansorgei) fed either regular chow or a free choice high‐fat high sucrose diet (HFHS). In both chow and HFHS fed male Arvicanthis, 1‐hour of bALAN exposure induced a higher glucose response in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) accompanied by a significant decrease in plasma insulin. Furthermore, in HFHS fed animals, bALAN induced an increase in sucrose intake during the dark phase in males but not in females. Additionally, 1‐h of bALAN increased the nonfasted glucose levels together with plasma corticosterone in female grass rats. These results provide new and further evidence for the deleterious effects of exposure to short wavelength emission‐containing artificial light at night on glucose metabolism in a diurnal rodent in a sex‐dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anayanci Masís-Vargas
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI), UPR-3212 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Hicks
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI), UPR-3212 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Mendoza
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI), UPR-3212 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Freire T, Senior AM, Perks R, Pulpitel T, Clark X, Brandon AE, Wahl D, Hatchwell L, Le Couteur DG, Cooney GJ, Larance M, Simpson SJ, Solon-Biet SM. Sex-specific metabolic responses to 6 hours of fasting during the active phase in young mice. J Physiol 2020; 598:2081-2092. [PMID: 32198893 DOI: 10.1113/jp278806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Night time/active phase food restriction for 6 h impaired glucose intolerance in young male and female mice. Females displayed increased capacity for lipogenesis and triglyceride storage in response to a short daily fast. Females had lower fasting insulin levels and an increased potential for utilizing fat for energy through β-oxidation compared to males. The need for the inclusion of both sexes, and the treatment of sex as an independent variable, is emphasized within the context of this fasting regime. ABSTRACT There is growing interest in understanding the mechanistic significance and benefits of fasting physiology in combating obesity. Increasing the fasting phase of a normal day can promote restoration and repair mechanisms that occur during the post-absorptive period. Most studies exploring the effect of restricting food access on mitigating obesity have done so with a large bias towards the use of male mice. Here, we disentangle the roles of sex, food intake and food withdrawal in the response to a short-term daily fasting intervention, in which food was removed for 6 h in the dark/active phase of young, 8-week-old mice. We showed that the removal of food during the dark phase impaired glucose tolerance in males and females, possibly due to the circadian disruption induced by this feeding protocol. Although both sexes demonstrated similar patterns of food intake, body composition and various metabolic markers, there were clear sex differences in the magnitude and extent of these responses. While females displayed enhanced capacity for lipogenesis and triglyceride storage, they also had low fasting insulin levels and an increased potential for utilizing available energy sources such as fat for energy through β-oxidation. Our results highlight the intrinsic biological and metabolic disparities between male and female mice, emphasizing the growing need for the inclusion of both sexes in scientific research. Furthermore, our results illustrate sex-specific metabolic pathways that regulate lipogenesis, obesity and overall metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Freire
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruth Perks
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tamara Pulpitel
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ximonie Clark
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda E Brandon
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Devin Wahl
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Luke Hatchwell
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Ageing and Alzheimer's Institute and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Gregory J Cooney
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Samantha M Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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34
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Furtado A, Astaburuaga R, Costa A, Duarte AC, Gonçalves I, Cipolla-Neto J, Lemos MC, Carro E, Relógio A, Santos CRA, Quintela T. The Rhythmicity of Clock Genes is Disrupted in the Choroid Plexus of the APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 77:795-806. [PMID: 32741824 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The choroid plexus (CP), which constitutes the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, was recently identified as an important component of the circadian clock system. OBJECTIVE The fact that circadian rhythm disruption is closely associated to Alzheimer's disease (AD) led us to investigate whether AD pathology can contribute to disturbances of the circadian clock in the CP. METHODS For this purpose, we evaluated the expression of core-clock genes at different time points, in 6- and 12-month-old female and male APP/PS1 mouse models of AD. In addition, we also assessed the effect of melatonin pre-treatment in vitro before amyloid-β stimulus in the daily pattern of brain and muscle Arnt-like protein 1 (Bmal1) expression. RESULTS Our results showed a dysregulation of circadian rhythmicity of Bmal1 expression in female and male APP/PS1 transgenic 12-month-old mice and of Period 2 (Per2) expression in male mice. In addition, a significant circadian pattern of Bmal1 was measured the intermittent melatonin pre-treatment group, showing that melatonin can reset the CP circadian clock. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated a connection between AD and the disruption of circadian rhythm in the CP, representing an attractive target for disease prevention and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Furtado
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rosario Astaburuaga
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum (MKFZ), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Ana Costa
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana C Duarte
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Manuel C Lemos
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Eva Carro
- Networked Biomedical Research Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Relógio
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum (MKFZ), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
- Department of Human Medicine, Institute for Systems Medicine and Bioinformatics, MSH Medical School Hamburg - University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cecília R A Santos
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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35
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Omotola O, Legan S, Slade E, Adekunle A, Pendergast JS. Estradiol regulates daily rhythms underlying diet-induced obesity in female mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E1172-E1181. [PMID: 31689145 PMCID: PMC6957379 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00365.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system is a critical regulator of metabolism and obesity in males, but its role in regulating obesity in females is poorly understood. Because there are sex differences in the development of obesity and susceptibility to obesity-related disorders, we sought to determine the role of estrogens in regulating the circadian mechanisms underlying diet-induced obesity. When fed high-fat diet, C57BL/6J male mice gain weight, whereas females are resistant to diet-induced obesity. Here, we demonstrate that estradiol regulates circadian rhythms in females to confer resistance to diet-induced obesity. We found that ovariectomized females with undetectable circulating estrogens became obese and had disrupted daily rhythms of eating behavior and locomotor activity when fed a high-fat diet. The phase of the liver molecular circadian rhythm was also altered by high-fat diet feeding in ovariectomized mice. Estradiol replacement in ovariectomized females a fed high-fat diet rescued these behavioral and tissue rhythms. Additionally, restoring the daily rhythm of eating behavior in ovariectomized females with time-restricted feeding inhibited diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Together, these data suggest that the circadian system is a target for treating obesity and its comorbidities in women after menopause, when circulating levels of estrogens are too low to protect their circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Legan
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Emily Slade
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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36
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Balise VD, Cornelius-Green JN, Parmenter B, Baxter S, Kassotis CD, Rector RS, Thyfault JP, Paterlini S, Palanza P, Ruiz D, Sargis R, Nagel SC. Developmental Exposure to a Mixture of Unconventional Oil and Gas Chemicals Increased Risk-Taking Behavior, Activity and Energy Expenditure in Aged Female Mice After a Metabolic Challenge. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:460. [PMID: 31402896 PMCID: PMC6669236 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemicals used in unconventional oil and gas (UOG) operations can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals and metabolic disruptors. Our lab has reported altered energy expenditure and activity in C57BL/6J mice that were preconceptionally, gestationally, and lactationally exposed via maternal drinking water to a laboratory-created mixture of 23 UOG chemicals from gestational day 1 to postnatal day 21 in 7-month-old female mice with no change in body composition. We hypothesized that allowing the mice to age and exposing them to a high fat, high sugar diet might reveal underlying changes in energy balance. To investigate whether aging and metabolic challenge would exacerbate this phenotype, these mice were aged to 12 months and given a high fat, high sugar diet (HFHSD) challenge. The short 3-day HFHSD challenge increased body weight and fasting blood glucose in all mice. Developmental exposure to the 23 UOG mixture was associated with increased activity and non-resting energy expenditure in the light cycle, increased exploratory behavior in the elevated plus maze test, and decreased sleep in 12 month female mice. Each of these effects was seen in the light cycle when mice are normally less active. Further studies are needed to better understand the behavioral changes observed after developmental exposure to UOG chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria D. Balise
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Jennifer N. Cornelius-Green
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Brittany Parmenter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Sierra Baxter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | | | - R. Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Health Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - John P. Thyfault
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- Kansas City VA Medical Center, Research Service, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Silvia Paterlini
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Palanza
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniel Ruiz
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Robert Sargis
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Susan C. Nagel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Abstract
Feeding, which is essential for all animals, is regulated by homeostatic mechanisms. In addition, food consumption is temporally coordinated by the brain over the circadian (~24 h) cycle. A network of circadian clocks set daily windows during which food consumption can occur. These daily windows mostly overlap with the active phase. Brain clocks that ensure the circadian control of food intake include a master light-entrainable clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus and secondary clocks in hypothalamic and brainstem regions. Metabolic hormones, circulating nutrients and visceral neural inputs transmit rhythmic cues that permit (via close and reciprocal molecular interactions that link metabolic processes and circadian clockwork) brain and peripheral organs to be synchronized to feeding time. As a consequence of these complex interactions, growing evidence shows that chronodisruption and mistimed eating have deleterious effects on metabolic health. Conversely, eating, even eating an unbalanced diet, during the normal active phase reduces metabolic disturbances. Therefore, in addition to energy intake and dietary composition, appropriately timed meal patterns are critical to prevent circadian desynchronization and limit metabolic risks. This Review provides insight into the dual modulation of food intake by homeostatic and circadian processes, describes the mechanisms regulating feeding time and highlights the beneficial effects of correctly timed eating, as opposed to the negative metabolic consequences of mistimed eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Challet
- Circadian clocks and metabolism team, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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38
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Haraguchi A, Fukuzawa M, Iwami S, Nishimura Y, Motohashi H, Tahara Y, Shibata S. Night eating model shows time-specific depression-like behavior in the forced swimming test. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1081. [PMID: 29348553 PMCID: PMC5773531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock system is associated with feeding and mood. Patients with night eating syndrome (NES) delay their eating rhythm and their mood declines during the evening and night, manifesting as time-specific depression. Therefore, we hypothesized that the NES feeding pattern might cause time-specific depression. We established new NES model by restricted feeding with high-fat diet during the inactive period under normal-fat diet ad libitum. The FST (forced swimming test) immobility time in the NES model group was prolonged only after lights-on, corresponding to evening and early night for humans. We examined the effect of the NES feeding pattern on peripheral clocks using PER2::LUCIFERASE knock-in mice and an in vivo monitoring system. Caloric intake during the inactive period would shift the peripheral clock, and might be an important factor in causing the time-specific depression-like behavior. In the NES model group, synthesis of serotonin and norepinephrine were increased, but utilization and metabolism of these monoamines were decreased under stress. Desipramine shortened some mice’s FST immobility time in the NES model group. The present study suggests that the NES feeding pattern causes phase shift of peripheral clocks and malfunction of the monoamine system, which may contribute to the development of time-specific depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Haraguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyabi Fukuzawa
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Iwami
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nishimura
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Motohashi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Tahara
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
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