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Mateska I, Witt A, Hagag E, Sinha A, Yilmaz C, Thanou E, Sun N, Kolliniati O, Patschin M, Abdelmegeed H, Henneicke H, Kanczkowski W, Wielockx B, Tsatsanis C, Dahl A, Walch AK, Li KW, Peitzsch M, Chavakis T, Alexaki VI. Succinate mediates inflammation-induced adrenocortical dysfunction. eLife 2023; 12:e83064. [PMID: 37449973 PMCID: PMC10374281 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is activated in response to inflammation leading to increased production of anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex, thereby representing an endogenous feedback loop. However, severe inflammation reduces the responsiveness of the adrenal gland to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show by transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses that LPS-induced systemic inflammation triggers profound metabolic changes in steroidogenic adrenocortical cells, including downregulation of the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, in mice. Inflammation disrupts the TCA cycle at the level of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), leading to succinate accumulation and disturbed steroidogenesis. Mechanistically, IL-1β reduces SDHB expression through upregulation of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and methylation of the SDHB promoter. Consequently, increased succinate levels impair oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis and enhance ROS production, leading to reduced steroidogenesis. Together, we demonstrate that the IL-1β-DNMT1-SDHB-succinate axis disrupts steroidogenesis. Our findings not only provide a mechanistic explanation for adrenal dysfunction in severe inflammation, but also offer a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivona Mateska
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Anke Witt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Eman Hagag
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Anupam Sinha
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Canelif Yilmaz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Evangelia Thanou
- Center of Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Department of Molecular and 10 Cellular Neurobiology, Vrije UniversiteitAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Ourania Kolliniati
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - Maria Patschin
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Heba Abdelmegeed
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Holger Henneicke
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Ageing, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, TU Dresden, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Waldemar Kanczkowski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Ben Wielockx
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - Andreas Dahl
- DRESDEN-concept Genome Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Axel Karl Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Ka Wan Li
- Center of Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Department of Molecular and 10 Cellular Neurobiology, Vrije UniversiteitAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Mirko Peitzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Vasileia Ismini Alexaki
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
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2
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Kapp KL, Arul AB, Zhang KC, Du L, Yende S, Kellum JA, Angus DC, Peck-Palmer OM, Robinson RAS. Proteomic changes associated with racial background and sepsis survival outcomes. Mol Omics 2022; 18:923-937. [PMID: 36097965 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00171c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Intra-abdominal infection is a common cause of sepsis, and intra-abdominal sepsis leads to ∼156 000 U.S. deaths annually. African American/Black adults have higher incidence and mortality rates from sepsis compared to Non-Hispanic White adults. A limited number of studies have traced survival outcomes to molecular changes; however, these studies primarily only included Non-Hispanic White adults. Our goal is to better understand molecular changes that may contribute to differences in sepsis survival in African American/Black and Non-Hispanic White adults with primary intra-abdominal infection. We employed discovery-based plasma proteomics of patient samples from the Protocolized Care for Early Septic Shock (ProCESS) cohort (N = 107). We identified 49 proteins involved in the acute phase response and complement system whose expression levels are associated with both survival outcome and racial background. Additionally, 82 proteins differentially-expressed in survivors were specific to African American/Black or Non-Hispanic White patients, suggesting molecular-level heterogeneity in sepsis patients in key inflammatory pathways. A smaller, robust set of 19 proteins were in common in African American/Black and Non-Hispanic White survivors and may represent potential universal molecular changes in sepsis. Overall, this study identifies molecular factors that may contribute to differences in survival outcomes in African American/Black patients that are not fully explained by socioeconomic or other non-biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Kapp
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 5423 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.,The Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 32732, USA.
| | - Albert B Arul
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 5423 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Kevin C Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Liping Du
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sachin Yende
- The Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illnesses (CRISMA) Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - John A Kellum
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Derek C Angus
- The Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illnesses (CRISMA) Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Octavia M Peck-Palmer
- The Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illnesses (CRISMA) Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Renã A S Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 5423 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.,The Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 32732, USA.
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3
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Identification and Validation of Hub Genes for Predicting Treatment Targets and Immune Landscape in Rheumatoid Arthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8023779. [PMID: 36317112 PMCID: PMC9617710 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8023779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease featured by pathological synovial inflammation. Currently, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of RA remain unclear. In the study, we attempted to explore the underlying mechanisms of RA and provide potential targets for the therapy of RA via bioinformatics analysis. Methods We downloaded four microarray datasets (GSE77298, GSE55235, GSE12021, and GSE55457) from the GEO database. Firstly, GSE77298 and GSE55457 were identified DEGs by the “limma” and “sva” packages of R software. Then, we performed GO, KEGG, and GSEA enrichment analyses to further analyze the function of DEGs. Hub genes were screened using LASSO analysis and SVM-RFE analysis. To further explore the differences of the expression of hub genes in healthy control and RA patient synovial tissues, we calculated the ROC curves and AUC. The expression levels of hub genes were verified in synovial tissues of normal and RA rats by qRT-PCR and western blot. Furthermore, the CIBERSORTx was implemented to assess the differences of infiltration in 22 immune cells between normal and RA synovial tissues. We explored the association between hub genes and infiltrating immune cells. Results CRTAM, CXCL13, and LRRC15 were identified as RA's potential hub genes by machine learning and LASSO algorithms. In addition, we verified the expression levels of three hub genes in the synovial tissue of normal and RA rats by PCR and western blot. Moreover, immune cell infiltration analysis showed that plasma cells, T follicular helper cells, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, and gamma delta T cells may be engaged in the development and progression of RA. Conclusions In brief, our study identified and validated that three hub genes CRTAM, CXCL13, and LRRC15 might involve in the pathological development of RA, which could provide novel perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment with RA.
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Liu YX, Yu Y, Liu JP, Liu WJ, Cao Y, Yan RM, Yao YM. Neuroimmune Regulation in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: The Interaction Between the Brain and Peripheral Immunity. Front Neurol 2022; 13:892480. [PMID: 35832175 PMCID: PMC9271799 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.892480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), the most popular cause of coma in the intensive care unit (ICU), is the diffuse cerebral damage caused by the septic challenge. SAE is closely related to high mortality and extended cognitive impairment in patients in septic shock. At present, many studies have demonstrated that SAE might be mainly associated with blood–brain barrier damage, abnormal neurotransmitter secretion, oxidative stress, and neuroimmune dysfunction. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism which initiates SAE and contributes to the long-term cognitive impairment remains largely unknown. Recently, a growing body of evidence has indicated that there is close crosstalk between SAE and peripheral immunity. The excessive migration of peripheral immune cells to the brain, the activation of glia, and resulting dysfunction of the central immune system are the main causes of septic nerve damage. This study reviews the update on the pathogenesis of septic encephalopathy, focusing on the over-activation of immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and the “neurocentral–endocrine–immune” networks in the development of SAE, aiming to further understand the potential mechanism of SAE and provide new targets for diagnosis and management of septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-xiao Liu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medical Science, Sixth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-peng Liu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medical Science, Sixth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Run-min Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-ming Yao
| | - Yong-ming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Run-min Yan
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5
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Langston JC, Rossi MT, Yang Q, Ohley W, Perez E, Kilpatrick LE, Prabhakarpandian B, Kiani MF. Omics of endothelial cell dysfunction in sepsis. VASCULAR BIOLOGY (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:R15-R34. [PMID: 35515704 PMCID: PMC9066943 DOI: 10.1530/vb-22-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During sepsis, defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction due to dysregulated host response to infection, systemic inflammation activates endothelial cells and initiates a multifaceted cascade of pro-inflammatory signaling events, resulting in increased permeability and excessive recruitment of leukocytes. Vascular endothelial cells share many common properties but have organ-specific phenotypes with unique structure and function. Thus, therapies directed against endothelial cell phenotypes are needed to address organ-specific endothelial cell dysfunction. Omics allow for the study of expressed genes, proteins and/or metabolites in biological systems and provide insight on temporal and spatial evolution of signals during normal and diseased conditions. Proteomics quantifies protein expression, identifies protein-protein interactions and can reveal mechanistic changes in endothelial cells that would not be possible to study via reductionist methods alone. In this review, we provide an overview of how sepsis pathophysiology impacts omics with a focus on proteomic analysis of mouse endothelial cells during sepsis/inflammation and its relationship with the more clinically relevant omics of human endothelial cells. We discuss how omics has been used to define septic endotype signatures in different populations with a focus on proteomic analysis in organ-specific microvascular endothelial cells during sepsis or septic-like inflammation. We believe that studies defining septic endotypes based on proteomic expression in endothelial cell phenotypes are urgently needed to complement omic profiling of whole blood and better define sepsis subphenotypes. Lastly, we provide a discussion of how in silico modeling can be used to leverage the large volume of omics data to map response pathways in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan C Langston
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Qingliang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Ohley
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edwin Perez
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurie E Kilpatrick
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Balabhaskar Prabhakarpandian
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammad F Kiani
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Fernández-Sarmiento J, Schlapbach LJ, Acevedo L, Santana CR, Acosta Y, Diana A, Monsalve M, Carcillo JA. Endothelial Damage in Sepsis: The Importance of Systems Biology. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:828968. [PMID: 35356443 PMCID: PMC8959536 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.828968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis and appropriate stratification of sepsis continues to be one of the most important challenges in modern medicine. Single isolated biomarkers have not been enough to improve diagnostic and prognostic strategies and to progress toward therapeutic goals. The information generated by the human genome project has allowed a more holistic approach to the problem. The integration of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics in sepsis has allowed us to progress in the knowledge of new pathways which are pathophysiologically involved in this disease. Thus, we have understood the importance of and complex interaction between the inflammatory response and the endothelium. Understanding the role of important parts of the microcirculation, such as the endothelial glycocalyx and its interaction with the inflammatory response, has provided early recognition elements for clinical practice that allow the rational use of traditional medical interventions in sepsis. This comprehensive approach, which differs from the classical mechanistic approach, uses systems biology to increase the diagnostic and prognostic spectrum of endothelial damage biomarkers in sepsis, and to provide information on new pathways involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. This, in turn, provides tools for perfecting traditional medical interventions, using them at the appropriate times according to the disease's pathophysiological context, while at the same time discovering new and improved therapeutic alternatives. We have the challenge of transferring this ideal scenario to our daily clinical practice to improve our patients' care. The purpose of this article is to provide a general description of the importance of systems biology in integrating the complex interaction between the endothelium and the inflammatory response in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Fernández-Sarmiento
- Department of Pediatrics and Intensive Care, Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología, Universidad de La Sabana, Escuela de Graduados CES, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luregn J Schlapbach
- Department of Paediatric Critical Care Research Group, The University of Queensland and Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Paediatric Critical Care, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Paediatric Critical Care, University Children's Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lorena Acevedo
- Department of Pediatrics and Intensive Care, Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología, Universidad de La Sabana, Escuela de Graduados CES, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Ramírez Santana
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Yeny Acosta
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ampudia Diana
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - M Monsalve
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Joseph A Carcillo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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7
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Vigil TM, Frieler RA, Kilpatrick KL, Wang MM, Mortensen RM. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 suppresses cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Exp Neurol 2021; 347:113902. [PMID: 34699789 PMCID: PMC8642300 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Immunometabolic changes have been shown to be a key factor in determining the immune cell response in disease models. The immunometabolite, itaconate, is produced by aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) and has been shown to inhibit inflammatory signaling in macrophages. In this study, we explore the role of Acod1 and itaconate in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. We assessed the effect of global Acod1 knockout (Acod1KO, loss of endogenous itaconate) in a transient ischemia/reperfusion occlusion stroke model. Mice received a transient 90-min middle cerebral artery occlusion followed with 24-h of reperfusion. Stroke lesion volume was measured by MRI analysis and brain tissues were collected for mRNA gene expression analysis. Acod1KO mice showed significant increases in lesion volume compared to control mice, however no differences in pro-inflammatory mRNA levels were observed. Cell specific knockout of Acod1 in myeloid cells (LysM-Cre), microglia cells (CX3CR1, Cre-ERT2) and Endothelial cells (Cdh5(PAC), Cre-ERT2) did not reproduce lesion volume changes seen in global Acod1KO, indicating that circulating myeloid cells, resident microglia and endothelial cell populations are not the primary contributors to the observed phenotype. These effects however do not appear to be driven by changes in inflammatory gene regulation. These data suggests that endogenous Acod1 is protective in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Vigil
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ryan A. Frieler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - KiAundra L. Kilpatrick
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Michael M. Wang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Richard M. Mortensen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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8
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Rumienczyk I, Kulecka M, Ostrowski J, Mar D, Bomsztyk K, Standage SW, Mikula M. Multi-Organ Transcriptome Dynamics in a Mouse Model of Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Polymicrobial Sepsis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2377-2388. [PMID: 34113146 PMCID: PMC8184233 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s307305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE During sepsis, an excessive inflammatory immune reaction contributes to multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), a critical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality; however, the molecular mechanisms driving MODS remain elusive. METHODS We used RNA sequencing to characterize transcriptional changes in the early phase of sepsis, at 6, 12, 24 hour time points in lung, kidney, liver, and heart tissues, in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial sepsis murine model. RESULTS The CLP surgery induced significant changes (adj. p-value<0.05) in expression of hundreds of transcripts in the four organs tested, with the highest number exceeding 2,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in all organs at 12 hours post-CLP. Over-representation analysis by functional annotations of DEGs to the Reactome database revealed the immune system, hemostasis, lipid metabolism, signal transduction, and extracellular matrix remodeling biological processes as significantly altered in at least two organs, while metabolism of proteins and RNA were revelaed as being liver tissue specific in the early phase of sepsis. CONCLUSION RNA sequencing across organs and time-points in the CLP murine model allowed us to study the trajectories of transcriptome changes demonstrating alterations common across multiple organs as well as biological pathways altered in an organ-specific manner. These findings could pave new directions in the research of sepsis-induced MODS and indicate new sepsis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Rumienczyk
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Department of Genetics, Warsaw, 02-781, Poland
| | - Maria Kulecka
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Department of Genetics, Warsaw, 02-781, Poland
- Centre for Postgraduate Medical Education, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Warsaw, 01-813, Poland
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Department of Genetics, Warsaw, 02-781, Poland
- Centre for Postgraduate Medical Education, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Warsaw, 01-813, Poland
| | - Daniel Mar
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Karol Bomsztyk
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Stephen W Standage
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michal Mikula
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Department of Genetics, Warsaw, 02-781, Poland
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9
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Ye H, Zhai Q, Fang P, Yang S, Sun Y, Wu S, Huang R, Chen Q, Fang X. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid Cells-2 (TREM2) inhibits steroidogenesis in adrenocortical cell by macrophage-derived exosomes in lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 525:111178. [PMID: 33556472 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endogenously produced glucocorticoids exhibit immunomodulating properties and are of pivotal importance for sepsis outcome. Uncontrolled activation of the immune-adrenal crosstalk increases the risk of sepsis-related death. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) is richly expressed on macrophages and has been demonstrated to improve outcome of sepsis by enhancing elimination of pathogens. However, the role and mode of action of macrophage TREM2 on adrenocortical steroidogenesis remains unclear in septic shock. METHODS The acute septic shock model was established by intraperitoneally challenging wild-type (WT) and TREM2 knock-out (Trem2-/-) mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 30 mg/kg). The mice were assessed for TREM2 expression and local inflammation in adrenal gland and for synthesis of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in vivo. Bone marrow-derived macrophages or macrophage-derived exosomes were isolated from WT and Trem2-/- mice and were co-cultured with adrenocortical cells. The expression of steroidogenic enzymes and corticosterone production was assessed. RESULTS Genetic deficiency of TREM2 caused significantly higher corticosterone levels at the early stage of LPS-induced septic shock; whereas TREM2 deficiency neither increased CRH and ACTH nor exacerbated the inflammation in adrenocortical tissue during septic shock. Ex vivo study revealed that Trem2-/- macrophages significantly promoted the expression of steroidogenic enzymes and increased production of corticosterone. Furthermore, Trem2-/- macrophage-derived exosomes were able to mimic Trem2-/- macrophages in enhancing adrenocortical steroidogenesis. CONCLUSIONS At the early stage of LPS-induced septic shock, corticosterone biosynthesis can be inhibited by macrophage TREM2 in adrenocortical cells, which might partially associate with macrophage-derived exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo Medical Center, Ningbo, China
| | - Shiyue Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuijing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruoqiong Huang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qixing Chen
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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10
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Spiga F, Zhao Z, Lightman SL. Prolonged treatment with the synthetic glucocorticoid methylprednisolone affects adrenal steroidogenic function and response to inflammatory stress in the rat. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:703-714. [PMID: 32156515 PMCID: PMC7327516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids are widely prescribed for the treatment of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and they can also affect the way the adrenal gland produces endogenous glucocorticoids. Indeed, patients undergoing synthetic glucocorticoid treatment can develop adrenal insufficiency, a condition characterised by reduced responsiveness of the adrenal to ACTH stimulation or stressors (e.g. surgical or inflammatory stress). To better elucidate the long-term effect of synthetic glucocorticoids treatment and withdrawal on adrenal function, we have investigated the long-term effects of prolonged treatment with methylprednisolone on HPA axis dynamics and on the adrenal steroidogenic pathway, both in basal conditions and in response to an inflammatory stress (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). We have found that 5-days treatment with methylprednisolone suppresses basal ACTH and corticosterone secretion, as well as corticosterone secretion in response to a high dose of ACTH, and down-regulates key genes in the adrenal steroidogenic pathway, including StAR, MRAP, CYP11a1 and CYP11b1. These effects were paralleled by changes in the adrenal expression of transcription factors regulating steroidogenic gene expression, as well as changes in the expression of adrenal clock genes. Importantly, 5 days after withdrawal of the treatment, ACTH levels are restored, yet basal levels of corticosterone, as well as most of the key steroidogenic genes and their regulators, remain down regulated. We also show that, although 5-days treatment with methylprednisolone reduces the corticosterone response to LPS, an increase in intra-adrenal pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression was observed. Our data suggests that the steroidogenic pathway is directly affected by synthetic glucocorticoid treatment in the long-term, presumably via a mechanism involving activation of the glucocorticoid receptor. Furthermore, our data suggests a pro-inflammatory effect of synthetic glucocorticoids treatment in the adrenal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Spiga
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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